detector

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a detector that is space-saving and does not require special machining of a frame or the like, and that is capable of controlling an operation state by accurately detecting the occurrence of abnormal vibration in a centrifugal separation device. [Solution] The present invention comprises: a housing 202 disposed at a prescribed position on an outer peripheral surface 100a of a centrifugal separation device 100; a determination unit 212 that is disposed in the housing 202, receives detection signals from various sensors, and determines whether the detection signals indicate a normal operation or an abnormal operation of the centrifugal separation device 100; and a first notification unit 218 that issues a notification that the centrifugal separation device is in an abnormal operation state if the determination unit 212 determines that the operation is abnormal. A sensor is a vibration detection sensor 216 for detecting vibration of the centrifugal separation device 100. The vibration detection sensor 216 is disposed in the housing 202.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a detector, specifically, a detector that is disposed in a centrifugal separator mounted on, for example, a ship and detects abnormal vibrations of equipment.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, centrifugal separators used for cleaning marine fuel oil, lubricating oil, etc. are installed on large ships and the like. For example, in a centrifugal separator that rotates at high speed, excessive mechanical vibration may cause contact between the rotating body and the frame, and damage to the bearings or the shaft itself that supports the rotating shaft, leading to a serious accident and having a great impact on operational safety. The causes of vibration include non-uniform mass distribution of the rotating body and damage to the bearings. In addition, in a self-discharging type centrifugal separator, when discharging the solid matter (sludge) separated from the processing liquid, it is known that the solid matter accumulates unevenly in the rotating body, causing imbalance and abnormal vibration. When abnormal vibration occurs, it is necessary to quickly stop the machine. Therefore, a system that can detect the vibration state of the machine and control the operating state is required.

[0003] Conventionally, various systems for monitoring mechanical vibration in a centrifugal separator that rotates at high speed have been provided. For example, it is known to dispose a mechanical vibration switch disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1 on the side surface of the frame of the centrifugal separator. This type of vibration switch is a mechanical vibration detection device using a microswitch that operates when the vibration due to abnormal vibration exceeds a set value.

[0004] However, the mechanical vibration detection device disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1 uses a mechanical contact such as a microswitch, so it may be misdetected by vibrations outside the specific monitoring frequency band generated by rotational imbalance of the installed device or the like. Also, it was not possible to continuously indicate the vibration acceleration. Furthermore, centrifugal separators used on large vessels to purify marine fuel oil and lubricating oil are often installed in the ship's engine room. In such cases, installation in the ship's engine room can lead to the detection of not only the vibrations of the centrifugal separator itself but also vibrations of the surrounding environment, potentially resulting in overestimation of vibration values ​​or inaccurate detection. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0005] [Non-Patent Document 1] Tokyo Keiki Co., Ltd. "Vibration Detector VD-10" Instruction Manual, "Operating Principle" page (Internet) <URL:https: / / www.tokyokeiki.jp / Portals / 0 / images / products / pdf / measurement / manual / manual_vd_10_k14_005e.pdf> [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0006] This invention was made to solve the problems of the prior art, and its objective is to provide a detector that can accurately detect the occurrence of abnormal vibrations in a centrifugal separator and control its operating state. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] To achieve this objective, the first invention provides a housing disposed at a predetermined position on the outer surface of a centrifugal separator, A determination unit is disposed within the aforementioned housing, receives detection signals from various sensors, and determines whether the detection signal indicates that the centrifugal separator is operating normally or abnormally. The determination unit determines that the operation is abnormal and includes a notification unit that notifies that the operation is abnormal, The aforementioned sensor is a vibration detection sensor that detects vibrations of the centrifugal separator, The vibration detection sensor is disposed in the housing. It is a detector, The centrifugal separator comprises a rotating container and a plurality of separation plates formed in a hollow cylindrical truncated cone shape and stacked inside the rotating container at predetermined intervals in the stacking direction. The aforementioned separation plate is A strip-shaped gap piece is provided that protrudes from the surface side of the conical surface, along the generatrix of the conical surface, and between it and other stacked separating plates, to maintain the predetermined distance. The protrusions and recesses formed in a linear manner along the generatrix of the conical surface of the separation plate and extending between the lower and upper edges of the conical surface form an uneven pattern between adjacent gap pieces in the circumferential direction of the conical surface, Includes, before In the aforementioned uneven pattern, the angle between adjacent protrusions is 10 degrees or less. The detector is characterized by the following features.

[0008] The second aspect of the present invention is that, in the first aspect of the present invention, the centrifugal separator separates a liquid containing solids with a high specific gravity from a liquid with a low specific gravity, and includes an outlet pressure detection sensor disposed in the discharge port region of the liquid with the low specific gravity, which detects the outlet pressure of the discharge port. The determination unit is characterized by receiving a detection signal from the outlet pressure detection sensor and determining whether the detection signal indicates that the centrifugal separator is operating normally or abnormally.

[0009] The third aspect of the present invention is that, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, the notification unit is characterized in that either or both of the first notification unit disposed in the housing and the second notification unit disposed in a remote location and providing remote notification are applied to the detector.

[0010] The fourth aspect of the present invention is that, in the third aspect of the present invention, the detector further includes at least one of the following functions: leak detection function, discharge detection function, partial discharge detection function, and moisture detection function. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a detector that can accurately detect the occurrence of abnormal vibrations in a centrifugal separator and control its operating state. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0012] [Figure 1] This is a schematic front view of a centrifugal separator equipped with the detector of the present invention. [Figure 2] It is a schematic front view of the detector. [Figure 3] It is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the inside of the detector. [Figure 4] It is a block diagram in abnormal vibration detection. [Figure 5] It is a schematic diagram of a digital filter (low-pass filter). [Figure 6] It is a schematic diagram of a digital filter (high-pass filter). [Figure 7] It is a schematic diagram of a digital filter (band-pass filter). [Figure 8] It is a front cross-sectional view of the main part of the centrifugal separation device. [Figure 9] It is a perspective schematic view of the separation plate of the first embodiment. [Figure 10] It is a cross-sectional view taken along the arrow III-III of FIG. 9 showing an example of the stacking of the separation plates of the first embodiment. [Figure 11] It is a plan view of the separation plate of the first embodiment. [Figure 12] It is a cross-sectional view of the separation plate of the first embodiment. [Figure 13] It is a perspective schematic view of the separation plate of the second embodiment. [Figure 14] It is a perspective schematic view of the separation plate of the third embodiment. [Figure 15] It is a plan view of the separation plate of the third embodiment. [Figure 16] It is a perspective schematic view showing the flow state of the separation plate. [Figure 17] It is a streamline image flow diagram between the separation plates shown at Xa and Xb in FIG. 16.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0013] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the detector of the present invention will be described. Note that this embodiment is merely an embodiment of the present invention and is not to be construed as being limited in any way, and design changes can be made as appropriate within the scope of the present invention.

[0014] In this embodiment, one example of the invention will be described using a centrifugal separator 100 shown in Figure 1 to which the detector 200 of the present invention is applied. In this embodiment, the detector 200 may also be referred to as a multi-monitor. In this embodiment, the centrifugal separator 100 is envisioned as a centrifugal separator used for purifying raw fluids such as fuel oil and lubricating oil for marine diesel engines, or for classification and separation operations in various industrial fields. This centrifugal separator 100 is a vertical separator-type centrifugal separator in which a large number of separation plates made of truncated cone-shaped thin plates are stacked and mounted inside a rotating body along the axial direction of a guide cylinder with small gaps between them, and is designed to separate components with different specific gravities inside the rotating body by centrifugal force. The components with different specific gravities mentioned above, in the case of diesel engine fuel oil, are impurities with different specific gravities contained in the fluid being processed, and more specifically, they are solids and water that are separated and deposited within the rotating body by centrifugal force.

[0015] The detector 200 detects frame vibration of the centrifugal separator 100, and when it determines that the frame vibration is abnormal (abnormal operation of the centrifugal separator), it performs a predetermined notification process via the first notification unit. This stops the operation of the centrifugal separator where the abnormal vibration is occurring.

[0016] The detector 200 has a rectangular housing 202 when viewed from the front, and the housing 202 is disposed on the outer surface 100a of the centrifugal separator 100. The shape of the housing 202 is not particularly limited and can be modified as appropriate within the scope of the present invention.

[0017] The housing 202 consists of a hollow main body 204, which has an open front and is closely attached to the outer surface 100a of the centrifugal separator 100 by screws or the like, and a lid 206 that is detachably provided on the front of the main body 204 (see Figure 3).

[0018] The main body 204 includes a determination unit 212, a vibration detection sensor 216, and a first notification unit 218.

[0019] The determination unit 212 is located in the open front area of ​​the main body 204 and is in contact with the vibration detection sensor 216 to measure the frame vibration of the centrifugal separator 100 and determine whether or not there is abnormal vibration in the equipment. The determination unit 212 has an internal memory with a digital filter, and the detection frequency and detection frequency range are set therein. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the determination unit 212 is also in contact with the inlet pressure detection sensor 222, temperature detection sensor 224, outlet pressure detection sensor 226, circulation line pressure detection sensor 228, and rotation speed detection sensor 230, and determines whether or not there is an abnormality in each of them.

[0020] The front side of the determination unit 212 is equipped with a display unit 214 that constitutes the first notification unit 218. The bottom plate 204c of the main body 204 is provided with an introduction section 208 for wiring that connects to the inlet pressure detection sensor 222, temperature detection sensor 224, outlet pressure detection sensor 226, circulation line pressure detection sensor 228, and rotation speed detection sensor 230, respectively, and an exit section 210 for wiring that sends abnormal outflow detection signals, discharge failure detection signals, temperature abnormality detection signals, moisture abnormality detection signals, abnormal vibration detection signals, high outlet pressure detection signals, etc. from the determination unit 212 to the control unit. In this embodiment, the control unit is assumed to be located outside the detector 200, but it can also be located inside the detector 200.

[0021] A window portion 206a is formed in the lid portion 206, and the display portion 214 is visible through this window portion 206a (see Figure 2).

[0022] In this embodiment, the vibration detection sensor 216 is assumed to be an acceleration sensor. In this embodiment, as shown in the schematic diagram of Figure 3, the acceleration sensor 216 is arranged so as to be in close contact with the inner surface of the back plate 204a of the main body portion 204 of the housing 202, which is in close contact with the outer surface 100a of the centrifugal separator 100. The acceleration sensor 216 is connected to the determination unit 212 and measures the frame vibration of the centrifugal separator 100. The acceleration sensor 216 is housed inside the housing 202 of the detector 200 to achieve a compact design, but it may also be housed on the outer surface of the housing 202. Alternatively, to avoid resonance with the housing 202, it may be housed in close contact with the outer surface 100a of the centrifugal separator 100.

[0023] The first notification unit 218 includes a lamp unit 219 that is arranged in a protruding manner outward from the top plate 204b of the main body 204 of the housing 202, and a display unit 214. In this embodiment, three lamp units 219 are arranged in a row. Each lamp unit 219 is connected to a determination unit 212 and performs notification operations such as lighting up or flashing in response to a signal from the determination unit 212. For example, when viewing the detector 200 shown in Figure 2 from the front, the lamp units 219 are, from left to right, a yellow LED lamp 219a, a green LED lamp 219b, and a red LED lamp 219c. The yellow LED lamp 219a is set to blink when the outlet pressure approaches the set pressure (within ±15%) and to light up when it is within the set range (within ±3%). The green LED lamp 219b is set to light up when the centrifugal separator 100 is rotating normally (operating normally). The red LED lamp 219c is set to light up (or blink) when it is rotating abnormally (operating abnormally). This allows for visual notification of whether the centrifugal separator 100 is operating normally or abnormally. It is also possible to use a red rotating warning light, commonly known as a police light, instead of the red LED lamp 219c. In this embodiment, the first notification unit 218 is designed to provide both visual notification via the lamp unit 219 and auditory notification (alarm sound). For example, when abnormal vibration is detected, an alarm sound is emitted from the speaker. The display unit 214 has an LED display function and is connected to a determination unit 212 that receives signals from various sensors. For example, in this embodiment, the display area indicated by reference numeral 214a displays the fluid flow rate, the display area indicated by reference numeral 214b displays the fluid temperature, and the area indicated by reference numeral 214c is configured to display the light fluid outlet pressure, horizontal axis rotation speed, heavy fluid circulation pressure, or vibration speed as appropriate. The LED display is not limited to this embodiment and can be modified according to specifications.

[0024] Here, the operation of the detector 200 will be explained using the system block diagram shown in Figure 4. The frame vibration data detected by the acceleration sensor 216 is digitally filtered according to the detection frequency and detection frequency range set in the internal memory of the determination unit 212. For example, if the vibration component of the centrifugal separator 100 is 180Hz, then if the detection frequency is 180Hz and the detection frequency range is ±10Hz, then the acceleration of only the vibration component in the 180Hz ± 10Hz band will be converted into velocity. This function allows for the detection of vibration components solely from the centrifugal separator 100, thus enabling monitoring of the centrifugal separator 100's vibration state without being affected by vibrations in the surrounding environment (such as mechanical vibrations from the main engine or hull motion in the case of a ship). Digital filters utilize low-pass filters, high-pass filters, and band-pass filters to attenuate frequency components outside the detection frequency range, thereby detecting only specific frequency components (see Figures 5 to 7). For example, since the positions of fc1 and fc2 are determined by the detection frequency range, in a bandpass filter, if the detection frequency is 180Hz and the detection frequency range is ±10Hz, then fc1=170Hz and fc2=190Hz. Making the detection frequency range too wide increases the risk of picking up unwanted vibration components, while making it too narrow may cause the rotational frequency to fall outside the detection frequency range when the rotational speed of the centrifuge fluctuates, potentially making detection impossible. The detection frequency range is preferably in the range of 1 to 30 Hz. The acceleration after digital filtering is integrated and converted to vibration velocity. After removing the offset by subtracting the average value of a certain number of measured values ​​(400 points), the mean square process is performed to calculate the RMS value (peak value × 1 / √2). The 1-second average of the RMS velocity is calculated. (Updated every 0.5 seconds) The calculated 1-second average value is compared with speed setting value 1 and speed setting value 2. If the condition of exceeding the speed holding time and exceeding the speed setting value continues, an abnormal vibration alarm is output. The speed setting value and speed holding time are set in the internal memory of the determination unit 212. There are two speed settings, and the speed holding time is the same for both. The vibration speed can be selected from four options via internal memory settings: X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis, and 3-axis composite.

[0025] As described above, since the acceleration sensor 216 is installed inside the housing 202 of the detector 200, and the calculation processing is also performed by the determination unit 212 installed inside the detector 200, there is no need to attach a new vibration measuring device to the outer surface 100a of the centrifugal separator 100, and no additional processing of the frame is required. According to this embodiment, the vibration components of the centrifugal separator 100 can be accurately detected without being affected by vibrations of the surrounding environment, and the vibration state can be constantly monitored. As a result, the occurrence of abnormal vibrations in the centrifugal separator 100 can be accurately detected, and the operating state can be precisely controlled.

[0026] In this embodiment, a second notification unit 220 is also envisioned to enable remote detection of abnormal operating conditions of the centrifugal separator 100 from a remote location. By providing the second notification unit 220, not only is the first notification unit 218 and display unit 214 of the detector 200 monitored, but remote monitoring by workers in remote locations such as the engine control room becomes possible, allowing them to check the situation even if vibrations increase or an alarm is triggered, even from a different location. Items output to the second notification unit 220 can include, for example, the same as the LED display on the display unit 214, the fluid flow rate, fluid temperature, light fluid outlet pressure, horizontal axis rotation speed, heavy fluid circulation pressure, or vibration speed. In this embodiment, the second notification unit is assumed to have an analog output, but a digital output is also within the scope of the present invention.

[0027] In this embodiment, the detector 200 detects abnormal vibrations using the vibration detection sensor 216, and also has the following detection functions, for example. That is, with a single detector, it is possible to monitor information necessary for the operation of the centrifugal separator 100, such as flow rate, temperature, pressure, rotation speed, and vibration. Furthermore, by detecting abnormalities in the centrifugal separator 100 and outputting an alarm, troubles can be prevented. In the following description, the notification process to the first notification unit 218 will be explained, but along with the notification signal to the first notification unit 218, a notification signal is also sent to the second notification unit 220 so that the abnormal condition is remotely notified at a remote location.

[0028] "Outlet pressure high-pressure detection function" When using the centrifugal separator 100, if the back pressure control valve at the outlet of the centrifugal separator 100 is closed during operation, a problem may occur due to operational error (human error) in which a large amount of the low-density liquid to be processed, which has overflowed the rotating body, flows out to the sludge outlet. In this embodiment, the determination unit 212 determines whether the discharge pressure of the liquid being processed exceeds the rated outlet pressure using the outlet pressure detection sensor 226 provided on the discharge side. If it exceeds the rated outlet pressure, the determination unit 212 outputs a high-pressure outlet pressure detection alarm signal and illuminates the "Alarm" LED on the display unit 214 of the detector 200 and the "LPHi" LED (not shown) on the circuit board of the determination unit 212. The outlet pressure value is also displayed in the LED display area 214c of the display unit 214. If the pressure falls below the rated outlet pressure, the alarm signal is turned OFF. Furthermore, a control system may be provided that automatically adjusts the back pressure regulating valve based on the output alarm signal. According to this embodiment, since it is equipped with an outlet pressure high-pressure detection function, the loss of the liquid being processed due to operational errors can be minimized, and even when operating in an unmanned environment, problems can be dealt with solely by the function of the detector.

[0029] "Leak detection function" Abnormal leakage of the centrifugal separator 100 (oil leakage to the heavy liquid outlet side) or leakage of the processed liquid due to a faulty valve closing is detected by a pressure drop, an alarm is issued, and the operation of the centrifugal separator is stopped after the sludge is discharged, thereby minimizing the loss of the processed liquid.

[0030] "Emission detection function" Due to the characteristic of the rotation speed decreasing during sludge discharge, the presence or absence of sludge discharge is indirectly measured, and it is determined whether or not the sludge discharge was performed correctly. The rotation speed is detected and monitored by a rotation speed detection sensor 230 installed on the horizontal axis, and if the rotation speed does not decrease by more than a reference rotation speed decrease amount during the discharge signal input, the determination unit 212 determines that "discharge failure" has occurred, and the determination unit 212 outputs a discharge failure signal to the first notification unit 218. If it is determined that discharge has not occurred, a stop signal is sent to the control unit, and the operation of the centrifugal separator 100 is automatically stopped.

[0031] "Partial Emission Detection Function" In partial discharge, where a portion of the rotating body volume is discharged, the amount of sludge discharged is indirectly detected from the decrease in the rotational speed of the centrifugal separator, and whether the discharge amount is appropriate is displayed on an internal LED. Specifically, the rotation speed detection sensor 230 detects and monitors the decrease in rotation speed, and indirectly measures the amount of sludge discharged from the change in rotation speed while the discharge signal is being input. The system then divides the discharge into three conditions: within the appropriate range, above the appropriate amount, and below the appropriate amount, and lights up the LED on the circuit board of the determination unit 212 accordingly.

[0032] "Moisture detection function" This function signals when a certain amount of water has accumulated in the rotating body before it recirculates back into the light liquid (clean liquid) after being separated during operation. This is detected by the circulation line pressure detection sensor 228, which monitors the circulation pressure on the heavy liquid side. The determination unit 212, upon receiving the detection signal from the circulation line pressure detection sensor 228, sends a message to the first notification unit 218 indicating that a certain amount of water has accumulated in the rotating body, and displays the circulation line pressure value in the display area 214c of the display unit 214.

[0033] (Outline configuration of a centrifugal separator) Here, the centrifugal separator shown in Figure 1 to which the detector of the present invention is applied will be described based on Figures 8 to 17. The centrifugal separator 100 applied to this embodiment is a separation plate type centrifugal separator, as shown in Figure 8, which includes a guide tube 101 that guides the raw liquid 13, which is the fluid to be processed and is supplied from above into a rotating container 11 that is attached to a rotating shaft (not shown) and rotates at high speed, toward the bottom of the rotating container in a widening manner, and a number of separation plates 12 that are stacked and mounted on the guide tube 101 with small gaps in the axial direction in order to separate the components 13B and other components of the raw liquid 13 with different specific gravities from the separation liquid 13A due to the difference in specific gravity.

[0034] When the raw liquid 13 is introduced into such a separation plate type centrifugal separator 100, as it flows upward through the gap D formed between the multiple stacked separation plates 12, components with a higher specific gravity (solids, water, etc.) are separated towards the outermost diameter side of the rotating body, and components with a lower specific gravity are separated towards the center side of the rotating container 11, and the separated liquid 13A is discharged from the top of the rotating container.

[0035] (Detailed configuration and separation function of separation plate 12) As shown in Figure 9, the separation plate 12 (disk) is made of stainless steel with a thickness of, for example, 0.3 mm to 1.0 mm, preferably 0.3 to 0.6 mm, and has a conical shape with a frustoconical surface 14 having a conical surface 14 with a conical portion 14A provided on the inner circumference side, and a conical surface 14 having a conical portion 14A within the same plane, with the upper end cut off in a plane parallel to the open bottom surface. On the outer circumference of the conical surface 14, strip-shaped gap pieces (hereinafter also called "gap pieces") 16 are provided in the direction along the conical generatrix of the separation plate 12, forming a gap to maintain the spacing D between each separation plate 12 stacked when assembled in a separation plate type centrifugal separator at, for example, 0.3 mm to 1.0 mm, preferably 0.3 to 0.6 mm.

[0036] A notch 14B is formed on a part of the inner circumference of the ring-shaped portion 14A, and a key is inserted between it and the key groove 101a formed in the guide cylinder 101 shown in Figure 8, thereby positioning (synchronizing, preventing rotation) the rotational position of the separation plate 12.

[0037] In this case, when the fluid to be processed is treated by centrifugal separation between the separation plates 12 as described above, the separation capacity (processing amount) is generally proportional to the settling area, i.e., the surface area of ​​the separation plates 12. Therefore, in order to increase the separation capacity, the number of separation plates 12 is usually increased or the outer diameter is increased. In contrast, in the separation plate of this embodiment, an uneven pattern 15 consisting of surface and surface irregularities is formed on the front and back surfaces of the separation plate 12 in the region between the strip-shaped gap pieces 16 provided on the conical surface 14.

[0038] In other words, as shown in Figures 9 to 12, the separation plate of this embodiment consists of a rotating container 11 and a plurality of plates stacked inside the rotating container 11 at predetermined intervals in the stacking direction. The plates are frustoconical in shape and separate components with different specific gravities contained in the raw liquid 13, which is the fluid to be processed and introduced into the rotating container 11, by centrifugal force.

[0039] Furthermore, the separation plate 12 has a pattern of bumps and recesses 15 formed on it, consisting of convex portions 12A and concave portions 12B, and formed in a linear manner along the generatrix of the conical surface 14 of the separation plate 12, and extending from the lower edge 14C of the conical surface 14 toward the upper edge 14D of the conical surface 14.

[0040] As shown in Figure 10, which is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in Figure 9, the first separating plate 12-1 has eight strip-shaped gap pieces 16 (16a~16h) provided on the surface side of the conical surface 14, which run along the generatrix of the conical surface 14 and maintain a predetermined distance D between them and the other stacked second separating plates 12-2. In this embodiment, the gap pieces 16 are attached by welding.

[0041] As shown in Figures 9 and 11, a recessed pattern 15 is formed between the first gap piece 16a and the second gap piece 16b, which are provided adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the separation plate 12. As shown in Figure 11, in this embodiment, the recessed pattern 15 consists of eight patterns (from the first pattern to the eighth pattern), and is formed from a plurality of protrusions 12A and a plurality of recesses 12B of the first pattern 15. Here, the angle α1 formed by the first protrusion 12A-1 and the second protrusion 12A-2 adjacent to the first protrusion 12A-1 is formed to be 10 degrees or less, more preferably 8 degrees or less. This is because, when the temperature exceeds 10 degrees, the rectification effect is not fully realized in the rectification region 17 formed by the gap D between the separation liquid and the separation plate, as described later.

[0042] Here, multiple gap pieces 16 are provided on the circumferential surface of the separation plate 12 at predetermined intervals. In this embodiment, the number of gap pieces 16 installed is preferably 6 to 12, and more preferably 6 to 10.

[0043] In this embodiment, as shown in the plan view of Figure 11, eight gap pieces 16a to 16h are provided along the conical surface 14, and the angle β between gap piece 16a and gap piece 16b is 45 degrees.

[0044] In this embodiment, a recessed pattern 15 consisting of six protrusions 12A and five recesses 12B is formed between the first gap piece 16a and the second gap plate 16b adjacent to the first gap piece 16a.

[0045] The angle α1 between the first protrusion 12A-1 that forms this uneven pattern 15 and the second protrusion 12A-2 adjacent to the first protrusion 12A-1 is set to 5 degrees. The angle α2 between the first gap piece 16a and the first protrusion 12A-1 adjacent to it is set to 10 degrees, forming a flat surface 14E. If there are 8 interstitial segments (16), then β can be expressed as β = (α1 × 5) + (α2 × 2). For example, if β is 45 degrees, it will be as follows: β = (α1 (5 degrees) × 5 pieces) + (α2 (10 degrees) × 2 pieces) = 45 degrees (8 pieces of interstitial space) β = (α1 (2.5 degrees) × 10 pieces) + (α2 (10 degrees) × 2 pieces) = 45 degrees (8 interstitial pieces) Furthermore, when β is 60 degrees, the result is as follows: β = (α1 (5 degrees) × 8 pieces) + (α2 (10 degrees) × 2 pieces) = 60 degrees (6 pieces of interstitial space) β = (α1 (8 degrees) × 5 pieces) + (α2 (10 degrees) × 2 pieces) = 60 degrees (6 gap pieces)

[0046] In other words, the areas on both sides of the first gap piece 16a (the space between the first gap piece 16a and the first protrusion 12A-1, and the space between the first gap piece 16a and the sixth protrusion 12H-6 of the eighth uneven pattern 15) are flat surfaces 14E, so that when the separating plate 12 is molded, for example, the uneven pattern 15 is reliably formed at predetermined intervals.

[0047] The angle will change depending on the number of gap pieces 16 installed. For example, if there are 8 gap pieces 16, β is 45 degrees, and in this case α1 can be approximately 3 to 8 degrees. In this case, if α1 is 3 degrees, it is preferable that α2 be 15 degrees, and if α1 is 8 degrees, it should be approximately 3 degrees.

[0048] Furthermore, when multiple separation plates 12 (12-1, 12-2…) are stacked, the stacked region between the gap piece 16-1 at the bottom of the stack and the gap piece 16-2 at the top of the stack forms a rectification region 17 between the surface of the separation plate 12-1 at the bottom of the stack and the back surface of the other separation plates 12-2 at the top of the stack. As a result, the formation of a rectification region 17 causes the introduced raw liquid 13 to be rectified, becoming a laminar flow, and it flows upward through the gap D between the multiple stacked separation plates. At this time, the components with a higher specific gravity (i.e., solids and water) 13B that have settled on the back surface of the uppermost separation plate 12-2 are not stirred up by turbulence, and as a result, the components with a higher specific gravity are separated to the outer diameter of the rotating body, while the separated liquid 13 is separated to the center of the rotating container 11, improving the separation capacity.

[0049] In this invention, laminar flow is defined as a flow in one direction, as shown in the schematic diagram of Figure 9, in the region of the uneven pattern 15A (where the angle α1 between the first protrusion 12A-1 and the second protrusion 12A-2 adjacent to the first protrusion 12A-1 is 10 degrees or less) on the conical surface 14 of the separation plate, which has six protrusions. In contrast, in the case of the flow diagram in the region of the uneven pattern 15B where α1 exceeds 10 degrees, the flow is not laminar, but rather turbulent with intersecting streamlines, and the two flows are different.

[0050] Here, the schematic of the streamline image flowchart of the partial cross-section of the separation plate shown in Xa and Xb of Figure 16 is shown in Figures 17(a) and (b). As shown in the streamline image flow diagram of Figure 17(a), in the case of laminar flow, the flow velocity F1 near the wall surface of the separation plate is smaller than the flow velocity F11 on the wall side in turbulent flow as shown in the streamline image flow diagram of Figure 17(b). As a result, components with different specific gravities (solids, water, etc.) in the introduced stock solution 13 are more likely to move toward the outer diameter side.

[0051] In other words, as shown in Figure 17(a), in the case of laminar flow, the streamlines do not intersect, the flow velocity F2 in the center is faster, and the flow velocity F3 on the wall side is approximately 0. As a result, the solid particles and water are more easily moved by centrifugal force towards the rectification region 17 of the separation plate 12 or the outer diameter side of the uneven pattern 15A.

[0052] In contrast, as shown in Figure 17(b), in the case of turbulence, the streamlines intersect, the flow velocity F12 in the central part is almost the same, and the flow velocity F11 on the wall side is only slightly slower, not nearly zero like the flow velocity F3 on the wall side shown in Figure 17(a). As a result, the movement of solid particles and water toward the outer diameter side of the rectification region 17 or the uneven pattern 15B of the separation plate 12 due to centrifugal force is suppressed. As described above, according to the present invention, laminar flow is achieved by creating a region with an uneven pattern 15A as shown in Figure 17(a), and turbulent flow is achieved by avoiding the region with an uneven pattern 15B as shown in Figure 17(b), thereby improving the separation capability.

[0053] In this way, by limiting the flow path consisting of the uneven pattern 15 and forming a rectifying region 17, slippage of the separated liquid 13 on the separation plate 12 is prevented.

[0054] In other words, if the conical surface 14 of the separation plate 12 is flat and does not have the predetermined uneven pattern 15 formed on it, then during centrifugal separation, the separation liquid slides on the separation plate 12 in the direction of rotational lag because it is rotated at high speed counterclockwise. As a result, it does not receive sufficient centrifugal force, and the separation efficiency decreases.

[0055] This is because, on a separation plate rotating at a high speed, for example, 5000 to 10000 r / min (rpm), the separated liquid cannot be sufficiently synchronized with the rotation, causing it to slip in the direction of rotational lag, disrupting the liquid flow, or resulting in insufficient rotation below 10000 r / min, thus preventing a sufficient centrifugal effect from being obtained. As a result, if the conical surface 14 is flat and does not have the uneven pattern 15, the centrifugal force acting on the separated liquid decreases, resulting in a decrease in the separation efficiency of components with different specific gravities in the separated liquid.

[0056] In contrast, as in the present invention, by providing an uneven pattern 15 in the direction of the generatrix, a physical wall can be created, preventing the liquid from sliding on the separation plate 12 in the direction of rotational lag. As a result, according to the present invention, the high-speed rotation of the separation plate 12 can be sufficiently synchronized, and the centrifugal effect can be maximized.

[0057] Furthermore, even if the external dimensions of the separation plate 12 remain the same, the surface area of ​​the conical surface 14 increases, making it easy to increase the processing capacity. Therefore, it is easy to obtain high processing capacity, for example, when the particle size is minute.

[0058] Furthermore, since the gap pieces 16 are provided in a flat plate shape in the direction of the generatrix at predetermined intervals, even when multiple layers are stacked, the displacement between the stacked separation plates is suppressed by compression and centrifugal force, thereby eliminating factors such as deformation of the separation plates and mechanical vibration.

[0059] Furthermore, since the lower part of the uneven pattern 15 is formed from the lower edge 14C of the conical surface 14, compared to the case where it is not formed from the lower edge 14C, the introduction of the raw liquid into the gaps is more reliable, and laminar flow can be formed immediately.

[0060] In this embodiment, the circumferential region is equipped with a discharge mechanism that discharges components with different specific gravities separated by centrifugal force to the outside. This mechanism is a self-discharge mechanism that discharges components with different specific gravities (solids, water, etc.) that have accumulated instantaneously while maintaining the rotation of the separation plate 12 of the centrifugal separator.

[0061] For example, while the centrifugal separator is in operation, the valve cylinder 111 moves up and down, and during centrifugal separation, the upper edge 111a of the outer circumference is pressed against the seal portion 112, closing the intermittent discharge port 113 and allowing components with different specific gravities (such as solids) to accumulate. Then, for example, based on the processing volume of the raw liquid 13 and the content of components with different specific gravities, when the amount of accumulated material in the rotating container 11 reaches a predetermined amount, the valve cylinder 111 is moved downward, and the material is discharged all at once from the intermittent discharge port 113. "Second Embodiment"

[0062] Figure 13 is a schematic perspective view of the separation plate of the second embodiment. As shown in Figure 13, the separation plate of this embodiment has multiple notched liquid passage holes 19 formed in the lower edge 14C of the conical surface 14. By installing the liquid passage holes 19, the distribution and supply of the undiluted liquid 13 to each separation plate becomes reliable when multiple plates are stacked.

[0063] Furthermore, by forming notched liquid passage holes 19 in the lower edge 14C of the conical surface 14, the undiluted liquid 13 can be supplied evenly to the entire surface of the uneven pattern 15 formed on the separation plate 12. "Third Embodiment"

[0064] Figure 14 is a schematic perspective view of the separation plate of the third embodiment. Figure 15 is a plan view of the separation plate of the third embodiment. As shown in Figures 14 and 15, in this embodiment, the separation plate does not have a predetermined uneven pattern 15 formed over its entire circumference in the circumferential region 14a near the upper edge 14D of the conical surface 14. This is because forming the uneven pattern 15 up to the upper edge 14D increases the likelihood of cracking or deformation during manufacturing. Therefore, by not forming the predetermined uneven pattern 15 in the circumferential region 14a, machinability can be improved and the yield during manufacturing can be increased. [Industrial applicability]

[0065] This invention is applicable to all types of centrifugal separators and other equipment. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0066] 100 Centrifugal separators 100a Outer surface 200 detectors 202 enclosures 212 Judgment section 214 Display section 216 Vibration detection sensor (accelerometer) 218 First News Department 220 Second News Department 222 Inlet pressure detection sensor 224 Temperature detection sensor 226 Outlet pressure detection sensor 228 Circulation line pressure detection sensor 230 Rotation speed detection sensor

Claims

1. A housing is disposed at a predetermined position on the outer surface of the centrifugal separator, A determination unit is disposed within the aforementioned housing, receives detection signals from various sensors, and determines whether the detection signal indicates that the centrifugal separator is operating normally or abnormally. The determination unit determines that the operation is abnormal and includes a notification unit that notifies that the operation is abnormal, The aforementioned sensor is a vibration detection sensor that detects vibrations of the centrifugal separator, The vibration detection sensor is a detector disposed in the housing, The centrifugal separator comprises a rotating container and a plurality of separation plates formed in a hollow cylindrical truncated cone shape and stacked inside the rotating container at predetermined intervals in the stacking direction. The aforementioned separation plate is A strip-shaped gap piece is provided that protrudes from the surface side of the conical surface, along the generatrix of the conical surface, and between it and other stacked separating plates, to maintain the predetermined distance. The protrusions and recesses formed in a linear manner along the generatrix of the conical surface of the separation plate and extending between the lower and upper edges of the conical surface form an uneven pattern between adjacent gap pieces in the circumferential direction of the conical surface, Includes, A detector characterized in that, in the aforementioned uneven pattern, the angle between adjacent protrusions is 10 degrees or less.

2. The centrifugal separator separates a liquid containing solids with a high specific gravity from a liquid with a low specific gravity, and includes an outlet pressure detection sensor disposed in the discharge port area of ​​the liquid with the low specific gravity, which detects the outlet pressure of the discharge port. The detector according to claim 1, characterized in that the determination unit receives a detection signal from the outlet pressure detection sensor and determines whether the detection signal indicates that the centrifugal separator is operating normally or abnormally.

3. The detector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the notification unit includes either or both of a first notification unit disposed in the housing and a second notification unit disposed in a remote location for remote notification.

4. Furthermore, the detector according to claim 3 is characterized in that it includes at least one of the following functions: leak detection function, discharge detection function, partial discharge detection function, and moisture detection function.

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