Laminated glazing and process

Abstract

To provide a laminated glazing with reduced optical distortion, and a process for manufacturing the same.SOLUTION: A laminated glazing comprises: a first glass ply having a first surface and a second surface; a second glass ply having a third surface and a fourth surface; at least one polymer ply located between the first and second glass plies; and an obscuration band around at least a portion of the periphery of the laminated glazing, the obscuration band having at least one sensor window and comprising a first obscuration layer and a second obscuration layer, wherein the first glass ply has the first obscuration layer, the first obscuration layer comprising a first sensor window portion having a first sensor window portion optical distortion, and wherein the second glass ply has the second obscuration layer, the second obscuration layer comprising a second sensor window portion having a second sensor window portion optical distortion.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1(a)

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to laminated glazing, automotive glazing, and processes for manufacturing such glazing.

Background Art

[0002] Laminated glazing, which typically includes two glazing materials, usually glass, laminated together by a plastic interlayer (e.g., polyvinyl butyral, PVB), is useful for architectural and, particularly, automotive glazing.

[0003] Front glass and other automotive glazing that is becoming more prevalent are generally laminated glazing and may have an obscuration band provided to cover the perimeter thereof. The obscuration band is often black or very dark in color and generally does not transmit visible light (and often, many other wavelengths, e.g., UV). The obscuration band serves to hide components on the glazing, such as fixtures, and also serves to provide UV protection to adhesives used, for example, to secure the glazing in place.

[0004] The obscuration band can be manufactured using enamel. Such enamel has durability against weathering and abrasion once fired. The obscuration band can be applied by screen printing enamel ink onto the glass. The enamel ink typically includes a frit (flux), pigment, and a liquid component (such as oil) to improve its screen printing properties. After screen printing, the enamel ink is cured (such as by UV irradiation) or dried (at about 300 You may heat it to a certain temperature (e.g., °C), and then heat it to a high temperature and bake it to melt the flux. Often, this ensures good adhesion to the glass surface.

[0005] The surface of the laminated glazing has the exterior of the vehicle or building to which the glazing is attached. It is common practice to number the surfaces starting from the side facing the part. Therefore, the surface 1 is the externally facing surface, the exposed surface. It contains two plies of glazing material. In the laminate, surface 1 is the outer surface of the outward-facing ply. Surface 2 is the inward-facing surface of the outer ply. The surface, that is, the surface of the outer ply facing the interior of a vehicle or building. 2 is in contact with the plastic interlayer and is covered by the plastic interlayer. , not an exposed surface. Surface 3 is the outward-facing surface of the internal ply, i.e., a vehicle or building This is the surface of the internal ply facing outwards. Similar to surface 2, surface 3 is made of plastic. It is in contact with the intermediate layer of the material and covered by the plastic intermediate layer, so it is not an exposed surface. Therefore, surfaces 2 and 3 are either not exposed or covered surfaces. Surface 4 This refers to the inner surface of an inward-facing ply, i.e., the exposed surface facing the interior of a vehicle or building.

[0006] In laminated glass, such as a windshield, the concealed band is located on the surface 4 or the laminate. It may be printed on the inner surface (e.g., surface 2, glass / polymer interface inside the laminate). Glazing with a hidden band in the glass ply typically involves applying enamel to the glass substrate. After application, each glass substrate is molded by heating it to a high temperature. The inner surface of the laminate Printing a hidden band on (for example, surface 2 or surface 3) can sometimes cause perspective distortion (p (Perspective distortion) can be reduced. WO-A-2017 / 159452 is a laminated glass. The document discloses a hidden band printed on surface 2 and surface 4 in one embodiment. Perspective distortion was reduced at close range.

[0007] Often, the enamel is fired by a heating step. After shaping, the printing area of ​​the glass and Optical distortion can occur in relation to the boundary with the non-printed area. Such optical distortion is called "ba Sometimes called a "burnline," it tends to extend parallel to the boundary. .

[0008] By modifying bending process parameters such as temperature profiles, and / Alternatively, by designing, building, and attaching a shield to a glass bending tool / mold. Therefore, attempts have been made to reduce or eliminate the burn line.

[0009] EP-A-0415020 is decorative without negatively affecting the optical quality of the glass. This invention discloses a method for preferentially heating a glass sheet having a ceramic enamel boundary. The preferred heating method is to ensure that the enamel heats faster than the glass. Use a heater that radiates thermal energy at a selected wavelength that is easily absorbed by the laser. This is achieved by: In one particular embodiment, a glass having a ceramic enamel boundary. The glass is preheated to a temperature above its strain point. Then the coated glass... The quartz heater is used to preferentially heat it to a temperature high enough to bake the enamel onto the glass. Heat it. Then, let the ceramic enamel cool to the temperature of the rest of the glass.

[0010] US-B-5,443,669 discloses a process for manufacturing single or double-curved laminated glass sheets, particularly for automotive applications, more specifically for manufacturing a glass sheet having a printed pattern, particularly a glass sheet for the front windshield of an automobile where the printed pattern can serve as a boundary. The printed pattern is formed using enamel ink. Unfortunately, the solutions attempted thus far have been insufficient, with disadvantages such as high additional costs and time for designing, constructing, installing, and optimizing the tool shield. Also, due to the shield affecting the shaping of the remaining part of the glass, the general optical quality can be adversely affected by the additional shield introduced from the perspective of glass shaping in other areas. Furthermore, the attempted solutions can lead to further aesthetic problems caused by the enamel ink of the hidden band under firing. A more successful solution to the burnout line problem may involve modifying the properties of the enamel to increase spectral reflection in the NIR (near-infrared) and IR (infrared) wavelength ranges (which may be equivalent to reducing the emissivity difference between the printed and unprinted glass surfaces, particularly at medium and high temperatures).

[0011] Advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) systems (such as those manufactured by Mobileye and other manufacturers) are becoming increasingly common in vehicles and include lane departure warnings, automatic emergency braking, etc.

[0012]

[0013] These can be used for rake, high beam assist, speed limit identification, and other applications. Most stems are generally mounted on the inner surface of the windshield (i.e., surface 4). It relies on one or more cameras. The preferred position for mounting the camera is the front Generally, the symmetrical symmetrical symmetrical symmetrical to the center line of the windshield, towards the top edge of the glazing. Specifically, that is, near the rearview mirror which is usually located in the same part of the windshield. The camera is often positioned behind a hidden band (when viewed from outside the vehicle). Therefore, the hidden band allows the camera to capture the area in front of the vehicle. It is necessary to provide an area free of enamel, ink, etc.

[0014] Areas without a concealed band may, for example, take the form of an opening or recess for the concealed band. It can be done and is generally called a "camera window". Therefore, for example, camera window It may or may not be surrounded by a concealed band. Regarding providing forward visibility. The same considerations apply to the surface of the windshield, often the same portion of the windshield. This term also applies to sensors such as rain sensors or light sensors that are placed in a location, therefore, It can be generalized as a "sensor window."

[0015] Optical distortion originating from the camera window is a concern when applying cameras and ADAS. Effectiveness may be limited. US-A-2018 / 118116 refers to the upper central area of ​​the windshield. The document discloses a vehicle camera system that includes a blackout layer positioned in the region. EP-A -1605729 heats the field of view, thereby causing ice formation or other issues affecting the field of view through the field of view. It includes an imaging device for viewing through a field of view that includes a resistive heating element to mitigate the effects of condensation. The vehicle windshield is disclosed. DE202018105625U1 is two The present invention discloses a vehicle window glass having a printed area, wherein the optical effect of the first printed area is the second printed area This can be compensated for by the optical effects of the region. [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0016] ADAS camera wins are located within or near hidden bands printed in the layered glazing. There is a need to further reduce the optical distortion of the stacked glazing, including the dow. ADAS As performance requirements increase, the acceptable optical distortion in ADAS camera windows This is especially true because the degree will continue to decrease.

[0017] The objective of this invention is to address the above-mentioned needs. [Means for solving the problem]

[0018] Therefore, in the first aspect of the present invention, Laminated glazing, wherein the laminated glazing is A first glass ply having a first surface and a second surface, A second glass ply having a third surface and a fourth surface, At least one located between the first glass ply and the second glass ply Polymer ply and A concealed band around at least a portion of the periphery of the laminated glazing, and at least It also has one sensor window, and includes a first concealed layer and a second concealed layer, Equipped with a hidden band, The first glass ply is less than the surrounding area of ​​the first surface or the second surface. Both have the first concealing layer attached to a part thereof, and the first concealing layer is the first sensor wi It comprises at least one first sensor window portion having optical distortion in the end portion, The first glass ply, The second glass ply is less than the surrounding area of ​​the third or fourth surface. It also has the second concealing layer attached to a part thereof, and the second concealing layer is the second sensor wi It comprises at least one second sensor window portion having optical distortion in the end portion, This is the second glass ply, Optical distortion of the first sensor window portion and light of the second sensor window portion By controlling each of the optical distortions, the optical distortion of the sensor window The absolute size of the optical distortion of the first sensor window and the second sensor - Provides stacked glazing with an absolute magnitude of optical distortion less than that of the window. .

[0019] The above is a significant advantage. Optical distortion in the sensor window area of ​​each ply. By controlling ("optical distortion of the sensor window area"), within the sensor window This allows for a balance of overall optical distortion, resulting in stacked glazing sensors. - The distortion of the entire window is greatly reduced, for example, in ADAS camera systems, This is because it leads to a clearer field of vision.

[0020] In glazing, optical distortion can usually lead to pixel shift, which can be perceived by the observer ( This is considered to be a characteristic of the image as seen from a camera or other optical sensor. (O) Optical power is typically a property of glazing (such as glass) that can cause optical distortion. It is considered to be. Light power is generally measured in diopters (equivalent to 1 / m²; len The reciprocal of the focal length of a ray (P = 1 / f), or more generally, millidoptries. It is measured in es) (mdpts: 1 mdpt = 0.001 diopters). Therefore, unless otherwise specified in the context, optical distortion and optical power are used interchangeably. ru.

[0021] Surprisingly, the inventors of this invention generally consider the optical sensor window portion of each ply to be... While the distortion isn't always high, stacking it with other plies improves the overall light power. This can result in increased surface inconsistencies, which can lead to optical distortion. We discovered that we obtained optical distortion in the two plies, especially in the sensor window area of ​​each ply. By balancing these factors, the present invention can achieve an overall reduction in optical power / distortion. By balancing the optical distortion of the sensor window area of ​​each ply, the overall light Optical distortion is reduced. The optical distortion of the sensor window of each ply is reduced because they are relative to each other. It is controlled to balance or compensate for each other, reducing net distortion. This is optical In addition to having the effect of significantly reducing the overall magnitude of distortion / light power, the entire glazing It also has the effect of reducing abrupt changes in light power / optical distortion. In an ideal situation, The optical distortions of the two plies are equal and opposite, so that they cancel each other out. This is the result.

[0022] The present invention also, A first glass ply having a first surface and a second surface, A second glass ply having a third surface and a fourth surface, At least one extending between the first glass ply and the second glass ply Polymer intermediate ply, A hidden band around at least part of the glazing, The concealed band is provided with at least one sensor window, the concealed The band is provided in the first glass ply and the second glass ply. Laminated glazing comprising a sensor window, a first layer and a second concealing layer And, The first glass ply is less than the surrounding area of ​​the first surface or the second surface. Both have the first concealing layer provided in part, and the first concealing layer provides the associated optical distortion A first glass ply comprising at least one first sensor window portion having And, The second glass ply is less than the surrounding area of ​​the third or fourth surface. Both also have the aforementioned second concealing layer provided in part, and the aforementioned second concealing layer provides the associated optical distortion A second glass ply comprising at least one second sensor window portion having And, The first concealed layer and the second concealed layer are formed of enamel, The configuration of the sensor window portion and at least one characteristic of the enamel are The optical distortions associated with each of the sensor window sections compensate for each other, and the gray A laminated glazing is proposed, selected to reduce net optical distortion during glazing. To provide.

[0023] Preferably, the selected property of the enamel is its infrared reflectivity.

[0024] The first sensor window portion and the second sensor window portion are preferably visible Having sufficiently high light transmittance in the spectral range, the ADAS camera is a stacked grating It makes it possible to see through the gate. Currently, ADAS cameras and other sensors are common. They are typically mounted on the windshield, and in most countries, they are mounted on the windshield at least It is also required to have a visible light transmittance of 70%. Apart from regulatory requirements, visible light transmittance (For example, according to ISO 9050) preferably exceeds 55%, more preferably exceeds 60% The sensitivity of the ADAS camera is further... As this increases, the minimum light transmission required for ADAS cameras to function properly decreases, They are attached to other glazing, such as the backlight (i.e., the rear window). It is possible that such glazing occurs, and less than 20% (privacy glazing) (In the case of ), or a visible light transmittance of less than 30%, less than 40%, or less than 50% It is possible to have.

[0025] Generally, a hidden layer, and therefore a hidden band, is a hidden layer of glazing, ISO 9050 visible The light transmittance will be 1% or less, preferably 0.5% or less, and more preferably 0.1% or less. The sea urchin may be configured to substantially block visible light.

[0026] The glass substrate of each glass ply does not have to be molded (for example, a flat piece of glass) (This is also acceptable) but preferably it is a molded glass substrate, with a thickness of, for example, 1 mm to 5 mm. These are some possibilities. Typically, the concealed layer is used, for example, to form the windshield of a car. It is applied to a flat glass substrate that is molded later.

[0027] Polymer plies are PVB (typically less than 1 mm thick, e.g., 0.76 mm thick) May include. If better performance or functionality (e.g., solar control) is required. Furthermore, there are two PVB plies sandwiching the plastic ply (for example, each 0.3~0 It may have a thickness of 0.4 mm. For example, the additional plastic ply may be made of PET. It is good to have, and in order to provide such solar control, solar control The coating (for example, having at least one silver layer and two or more dielectric layers) You may do so.

[0028] The concealing layer may be colored to provide sufficient coverage, preferably very dark. More preferably, it may be a visible color and substantially black. The hidden layer, and therefore the hidden band, is usually , forming a band around at least a portion of the glazing.

[0029] Typically, the first sensor window section and the second sensor window section are substantially E It is enamel-free.

[0030] In one embodiment, the shape of the first sensor window portion is the shape of the second sensor window portion The shape may differ from that, and thereafter the optical distortion of the first sensor window portion and Furthermore, the optical distortion of the second sensor window can be controlled.

[0031] Therefore, the shape of the first sensor window portion and / or the second sensor window The shape of the dough can be independently a square, rectangle, trapezoid, ellipse, or circle.

[0032] Typically, the first sensor window section and / or the second sensor window section are each Furthermore, partially or entirely surrounded by the first and / or second concealment layer The first concealed layer and / or the second concealed layer are the first sensor window portion and / or one side, two sides, three sides or four sides of the second sensor window section It can be on the side.

[0033] To improve the control of optical distortion in the window section, the first sensor window section and At least a portion of the area around the second sensor window may be patterned, In this context, dots, lines, fade-outs, feathered edges, or sawtooth fade-outs are possible. It may include.

[0034] In another embodiment of the present invention, the first and second concealing layers have different infrared reflectances. It may be formed of a material having the optical properties of the first sensor window portion. This enables control of distortion and optical distortion in the second sensor window area.

[0035] For example, the first and / or second concealing layer has a relatively high infrared reflectivity. As a result, at least a portion of the first hidden layer and / or the second hidden layer is 80 It has an infrared reflectivity of 21% or more across the wavelength range of 0 nm to 2250 nm. The infrared reflectance of some of the above values ​​is 2 over the wavelength range of 800nm ​​to 2250nm. 4% or more, preferably 27% or more, more preferably 30% or more, and even more preferably 3% It may be 2% or more, more preferably 35% or more, and most preferably 37% or more. The wavelength range from 00nm to 2250nm is 400nm or greater, preferably 450nm or greater. More preferably, the wavelength can extend to 550 nm or higher, and most preferably to 610 nm or higher.

[0036] Infrared reflectance is measured using a spectrophotometer (such as the Perkin Elmer Lambda 9500). ) can be used to measure within the above wavelength range.

[0037] The important characteristic is the difference in infrared reflectivity between the first and second concealment layers. The difference is that one of the hidden layers has a typical infrared reflectivity in the range of, for example, 17% to 20%. In contrast, the other hidden layer, as mentioned above, has a high infrared reflectivity of, for example, 21% or more. Alternatively, it could be a result of having a low infrared reflectivity, such as 16% or less. Alternatively, one concealing layer may have high infrared reflectivity, while the other concealing layer may have low infrared reflectivity. It may have a reflectivity. Preferably, the difference in infrared reflectivity between the first and second concealing layers is small. At the very least, it is 5%, 7%, 9%, 12%, 15%, 18%, or 21%.

[0038] Therefore, generally, a concealing layer with high infrared reflectivity is 30-50% depending on the process conditions. It may have an average infrared reflectance. In particular, a concealed layer that does not provide high infrared reflectance will have an infrared (8 It may have an infrared reflectance of approximately 17% or less or 20% or less in the 00-2000nm range, however On the other hand, high-reflectivity enamel can have a reflectivity of 30% or more in most of the above range.

[0039] The second and / or first concealing layer may have a relatively low infrared reflectivity, As a result, at least a portion of the first and / or second concealment layer is 800nm~22 It has an infrared reflectance of 20% or less or 16% or less over a wavelength range of 50 nm.

[0040] The first and / or second concealing layer may contain enamel. The formula contains frit and inorganic pigments. The inorganic pigments include chromium iron pigments, ferrite pigments, and chromium iron pigments. Mite pigments, or ferrite / chromite (also known as iron chromite) pigments You may choose from the following.

[0041] Enamel requires the selection of appropriate infrared reflective pigments and / or near-infrared reflective pigments, By incorporating an appropriate amount of infrared reflective pigment into the enamel, suitable (e.g., high or low) emission can be achieved. It can be configured to provide emissivity characteristics. The enamel contains 10% to 50% by weight of inorganic pigment. It may contain %, preferably 10% to 40% by weight, more preferably 12% to 32% by weight. The enamel may contain 20% to 80% by weight of frit.

[0042] Oxide frit contains silica, titania, alumina, zirconia, and fluoride ions. Compounds (e.g., fluorite, fluorapatite, cryolite, etc.), bis(b) oxide Mass, zinc oxide, boron oxide, potassium oxide, sodium oxide, calcium oxide, oxide Barium oxide, lead oxide, lithium oxide, phosphorus oxide, molybdenum oxide, strontium oxide, It may contain particles of at least one compound selected from magnesium oxide.

[0043] Suitable inorganic pigments include Fe / Cr pigments, Co / Al pigments, Co / Al / Cr pigments, and Co / Ti pigments, Co / Cr pigments, Ni / Fe / Cr pigments, Ti / Cr / Sb pigments, Fe pigments, It may include pigments selected from Cr pigments and / or mixtures of two or more of these pigments. ru.

[0044] Therefore, inorganic pigments include chromite pigments, ferrite pigments, chromite pigments, or f You may choose from ferrite / chromite (also known as iron chromite) pigments. .

[0045] Depending on the nature of the laminated glazing design, the enamel of the first glass ply and the second Glass ply enamel is available in high-infrared reflectivity enamel or low-infrared reflectivity enamel. They may be chosen independently.

[0046] The infrared reflectance of the first or second concealing layer is different from that of the second concealing layer. This can be controlled by using enamel with appropriate emissivity.

[0047] Therefore, the enamel of the first hidden layer and / or the enamel of the second hidden layer are low red It may be selected from external reflectance enamel or high infrared reflectance enamel, thereby , optical distortion of the first sensor window portion and optical distortion of the second sensor window portion It enables distortion control.

[0048] Therefore, the infrared reflectivity of high infrared reflectivity enamel is 800nm~2250nm. It can be 21% or more across the wavelength range. Infrared reflectance is 800nm~225 More than 24%, preferably more than 27%, and more preferably over the wavelength range of 0 nm. 30% or more, more preferably 32% or more, even more preferably 35% or more, most Preferably, it may be 37% or more.

[0049] The wavelength range of 800nm ​​to 2250nm is 400nm or more, preferably 450nm. The wavelength can be m or greater, more preferably 550 nm or greater, and most preferably 610 nm or greater.

[0050] The area around either the first sensor window portion or the second sensor window portion Hidden frame section with lower (or higher) infrared reflectivity than the hidden layer on the rest of the ply. , and / or lower (or higher) infrared reflectivity than the concealed layer on other glass plies If a hidden frame section is included, further control of optical distortion can be achieved.

[0051] In other words, the area surrounding the second sensor window may include a concealed frame.

[0052] The use of ceramic / enamel for the concealed layer / concealed band is possible using known processes, Enamel has proven durability and performance, which is advantageous. The glazing layer is useful at the glazing edge to protect the adhesion (of adhesives, etc.) to the vehicle. Because it is highly likely that ceramic will be used, other types applied to the sensor window The need to match the law and color is eliminated. This invention uses optical distortion / light power on a ceramic layer. To enable the reduction of optical distortion / light power in molded glass that does not possess, It offers significant advantages. It uses a concealed layer formed of a ceramic layer (i.e., enamel). Because doing so itself is advantageous.

[0053] In another embodiment, the first and second sensor window portions are of different sizes. Often, that is, one of the two sensor window sections may be larger than the other. For example, the first sensor window section is larger than the second sensor window section. It is acceptable. More specifically, the first sensor window portion has x-axis dimensions and / or y-axis dimensions The second sensor window portion may have x-axis dimensions and / or y-axis dimensions. Furthermore, the x-axis dimension and / or y-axis dimension of the first sensor window portion are the same as the second sensor The x-axis and / or y-axis dimensions of the surface window differ, respectively, and thus, Optical distortion of the first sensor window and optical distortion of the second sensor window It enables control.

[0054] The x-axis dimension of the first sensor window is less than the x-axis dimension of the second sensor window. It is also fine if it is large, and / or the y-axis dimension of the first sensor window is the second It can be larger than the y-axis dimension of the sensor window.

[0055] The smaller window section has dimensions at each end relative to the larger window section. They may be positioned so that an offset exists in the part. Preferably, the smaller window The section is arranged such that there is an offset at each end of the dimensions relative to the larger window section. The offsets at each end of the dimensions may be substantially the same or different.

[0056] Optical distortion of the first sensor window and / or the second sensor window The optical distortion is thought to contribute to the optical power / optical distortion of the sensor window. Therefore, the first sensor window section and / or the second sensor window section are A range of -405 to +405 millidoptries, optionally -310 to +310 millidoptries. It is preferable to have optical distortion controlled within the range of -. More preferably, the first sensor The sensor window section and / or the second sensor window section are -205 to +205 mm The range of didiopters, optionally -185 to +185 millidopters, preferably It has optical distortion in the range of -155 to +155 millidiopters.

[0057] The present invention is highly advantageous. Optical distortion of the first sensor window portion and the second Controlling (and balancing) the optical distortion of the sensor window is the sensor window This brings about a significant improvement in wind, particularly ±250 mdpt (i.e., sensor wind). The absolute magnitude of optical distortion is 250 mdpt, ±245 mdpt, ±205 md pt, ±200mdpt, ±195mdpt, ±190mdpt, ±175mdpt, ± 165mdpt, ±160mdpt, ±157mdpt, ±152mdpt, ±147m dpt, ±145mdpt, ±142mdpt, ±137mdpt, ±132mdpt, ±127mdpt, ±122mdpt, ±117mdpt, ±112mdpt, ±107 mdpt, ±102mdpt, ±97mdpt, ±92mdpt, ±87mdpt, ±8 2mdpt, ±77mdpt, ±72mdpt, ±67mdpt, ±65mdpt, ±6 Sensor winch with optical power / optical distortion in the range of 2 mdpt or ±60 mdpt Because it can bring about damage.

[0058] The range of optical distortion / light power can be wider or narrower, depending on the glazing slope. This can depend on the corners, window size, window design, and bending process.

[0059] To reduce condensation and / or ice formation on the sensor window, one or each sensor The surface window portion is a heating device that includes, for example, an electrical resistance heating wire or other conductor, optional This may include an electric heating grid.

[0060] Layered glazing is preferable to use with two or more sensors or cameras. There are cases where this is not the case. Therefore, in some cases, layered glazing is used for two or more sensors. It may include wind.

[0061] In a second aspect of the present invention, an automobile comprising laminated glazing according to the first aspect of the present invention. It provides the windshield.

[0062] In a third aspect, the present invention is A process for manufacturing molded laminated glazing, A first glass substrate having a first surface and a second surface, and a third surface and a fourth surface The steps include providing a second glass substrate having a surface, at least a first portion of the first surface or the second surface of the first glass substrate The step of applying a first concealment layer to a controlled first sensor A first sensor window portion having optical distortion in the sensor window portion To prepare, steps, at least the first portion of the third surface or the fourth surface of the second glass substrate The step of applying a second concealment layer to the second concealment layer, wherein the second concealment layer is controlled by a second sensor A second sensor window portion having optical distortion in the sensor window portion To prepare, steps, Optionally, the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate may be heated to a temperature exceeding 570°C. The step of forming the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate by heating them. and, At least one polymer plastic is placed between the glass substrate of Series 1 and the glass substrate of Series 2. The step of placing I, The first glass substrate, the polymer ply, and the second glass substrate are laminated together. Includes, Optical distortion of the first sensor window portion and the second sensor window portion By controlling the optical distortion, the absolute magnitude of the optical distortion of the sensor window can be controlled. However, the optical distortion of the first sensor window and the second sensor window It provides a process that reduces the absolute magnitude of optical distortion to a smaller value.

[0063] This invention relates to any molding process used for flat glass, whether in vehicles or buildings. Applicable to Seth. For example, forming involves press bending, i.e., heating between opposing bending molds. By pressing the softened glass sheet, or by sagging (gravity) bending, i.e., While the heat-softened glass sheet is generally supported in a sagging, bent mold within a rail furnace, its own weight This can be done by deforming it. The molding is done by using a thermosoftened glass sheet. It can also be done by bending the die assist, but a part of the sheet is also small It is pressed using a d-type or mold.

[0064] Different molding processes tend to produce different light power in glass plies. This was found. For example, sagging flexure is plagued by burn lines that are concentrated in intensity on surface 4. However, the burn lines that developed on surface 2 are more moderate in force and more diffusive, that is There is a tendency for it to spread to a wider area. This trend is due to the use of infrared reflective ink on surface 4. This can be controlled by weakening the light power generated on surface 4 and surface 2 The desired balance between and surface 4 is achieved. In this way, net optical distortion is reduced. This will be achieved.

[0065] On the one hand, press bending tends to weaken the burn line on surface 4, while on the other hand, the burn line on surface 2 The lineline is variable and appears to depend heavily on the characteristics of the parts being manufactured. If the burn line on surface 2 is stronger than that on surface 4, then, counterintuitively, surface 4 Using an ink with low infrared reflectivity may actually increase the optical distortion of its surface. However, by better balancing the distortion of surface 2, a smaller net light Achieve a scientific strain. Alternatively, if the burn line of surface 2 is weaker than that of surface 4, the two Depending on the absolute magnitude of the distortion and the ink that can be used, the reflectivity on surface 4 is You can use a high-quality ink, or use an ink with lower reflectivity on surface 2. stomach.

[0066] Therefore, the burn line to the molding process during use, especially the red ink being used It is desirable to select an approach that reduces characteristics such as external reflectance.

[0067] Applying the first and second concealing layers allows the enamel ink to be applied. The enamel ink may contain inorganic pigments and frit.

[0068] Other features of the third embodiment are, in general, related to the first embodiment with appropriate modifications as described above. It is a cage. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0069] Herein, the present invention will be described only by reference to the following appended drawings: [Figure 1(a)] This is a schematic plan view of one embodiment of the laminated glazing according to the present invention. [Figure 1(b)] This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of the glazing in Figure 1(a) along line AA. [Figure 2] This is a schematic plan view of another embodiment of the laminated glazing according to the present invention. [Figure 3(a)] This is a schematic diagram of the sensor window used in the embodiment (the second window portion on surface 4 is larger than the first window portion on surface 2, and has offsets on the top, bottom, and sides). [Figure 3(b)] This is a schematic diagram of the sensor window used in the embodiment (the second window portion on surface 4 is again larger (compared to the first window portion on surface 2), with the top and bottom fading out, and there are offsets on the top, bottom, and sides). [Figure 3(c)] This is a schematic diagram of the sensor window used in the embodiment (with an offset all around (compared to the first window portion on surface 2), and a larger second window portion on surface 4 with a hidden frame of high infrared reflectivity / low emissivity around the second window portion on surface 4). [Figure 4] This is a graph of the optical power against the pixel position in Example 1. [Figure 5] This is a graph of the optical power against the pixel position in Example 2. [Figure 6] This is a graph of the optical power against the pixel position in Example 3. [Figure 7] This is a graph of the optical power against the pixel position in Example 4. [Figure 8] This is a graph of the optical power against the pixel position in Example 5. [Figure 9] Schematic diagrams of various sensor window designs are shown, illustrating the shapes of the first window portion on surface 2 (S2) and the second window portion on surface 4 (S4). [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0070] Figure 1(a) shows the laminated glazing 2 according to the present invention. Laminated glazing 2 is automatic This is a windshield for a car. Laminated glazing 2 is an intermediate layer that extends between the glass plies. It features two glass plies laminated together in layers. The intermediate layer is made of polymer plastic. Laminated grade materials include plies of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), for example. The glazing 2 has a concealed band 6 surrounding the transparent portion 4 of the glazing 2. Band 6 is optically opaque, concealing parts of the vehicle and protecting the adhesive from UV light. To protect.

[0071] The concealed band 6 at the top edge of the windshield (if installed in the vehicle) has an optical The transparent Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) camera sensor window 10, i.e., hidden There is an enamel-free area in Band 6. When mounted on a vehicle, ADAS camera sensor The surface window 10 forms the image that the camera sees through the top of the windshield. This makes it possible.

[0072] When the glass ply is heated to the high temperature required for bending, the transparent part 4 of the glazing 2 Compared to the transparent camera window 10, the glazing part with the black hidden band 6 Differences in heating rate are observed. These differences in heating rate are due to local temperature differences in the glass. These lead to the occurrence of differences in the viscosity of the heat-softened glass. It is thought that optical distortion may occur as a result. Optical distortion occurs around the transparent part. In part of the glass ply, near the edge of the hidden band 6, and in the sensor window 10 It is known to occur after heating / forming the glass ply. Heating / The molding may be carried out by a slack bending or press bending method, as described above, light The degree and type of structural distortion may vary between methods. Optical distortion can also occur, and this is also thought to be caused by the occurrence of temperature differences.

[0073] Figure 1(b) shows a cross-section along line AA in Figure 1(a). The laminated glazing 2 is the outer first The glass ply 12 (facing the outside of the vehicle when installed), the inner second glass ply 1 4, and a polymer intermediate layer 16 of PVB (typically 0.76 mm thick). Figure 1(a The hidden band 6 shown in ) consists of one on surface 2 of the glazing and one on surface 4, for a total of two bands. It has two hidden layers. The hidden layer 18 of the black, opaque enamel surface 2 is the first sensor The window portion 15 has an unprinted, i.e., transparent area, and the outer first The surface 2 of the glass ply 12 (i.e., the surface on the inside of the laminate, facing the inside of the vehicle) Printed on glass ply 12 (non-exposed surface). Covered by black opaque enamel surface 4. Layer 20 also has an unprinted area that forms the second sensor window portion 17. The second glass ply 14 has a surface 4 (i.e., when installed, facing the interior of the vehicle). It is printed on the surface of the inner glass ply 14. The second sensor window section 17 and the second sensor window section 17 together are in the laminated glazing 2. Forms a window 10 (for example, for an ADAS camera).

[0074] In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the second sensor window section 17 is the first sensor window It is larger than section 15. This results in an offset between the lower edges of the two sensor window sections. 19 occurs, and similarly, the upper end offset 21, offset 19, 21, outer window portion At the upper and lower ends of 15 and the inner window section 17, there is a difference in the vertical (i.e., y-axis) dimension. (As shown in Figure 1(a), after the glazing has been installed). Offset 19, 2 1 is substantially the same in the embodiment of Figure 1, but may differ in other embodiments.

[0075] In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, both glass plies are formed by slack bending. Surprisingly, the larger inner window section 17 is hidden by the surface 2's concealing layer 18 and surface 4 The optical distortion from the hidden layer 20 is balanced by each other, and the entire sensor window 10 It tends to reduce physical, or net, optical distortion.

[0076] Figure 2 shows a laminated glazing 22 according to another embodiment of the present invention. Laminated glazing 22 is a windshield for automobiles. Laminated glazing 22 is a polymer in the middle layer. Two glass plastics laminated together by layers, for example, polyvinyl butyral (PVB) It is equipped with (i). The laminated glazing 22 hides the surrounding area of ​​the transparent part 24 of the glazing. It has a band 26. The concealed band 26 is optically opaque and conceals a part of the vehicle. Furthermore, it protects the adhesive from UV light.

[0077] The hidden band 26 at the top edge of the windshield (if installed in the vehicle) has a left-hand side Two optically transparent sensors, comprising a sensor window 30 and a right sensor window 32. There is an advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) camera sensor window. The U does not have the enamel on the hidden band 26. When attached to the vehicle, the sensor window U30 and 32 form an image that one or more cameras see through the top of the windshield. To make it possible to do so.

[0078] As shown in the embodiment of Figure 1, a black concealed band 26, glazing 24 and transparent caps Due to the difference in heating rate between the transparent part of the Mela window 30 and the surrounding area, optical distortion occurs around the transparent part. Part of the glass ply located at 8, near the edge of the hidden band 26, and the sensor window. In 30 and 32, this may occur after heating / forming the glass ply. The shape may be achieved by slack bending or press bending, depending on the degree of optical distortion. The names and types may differ between methods.

[0079] In both embodiments, the concealed band is screen-printed with enamel ink on its surface and hardened. It comprises enamel formed by curing / drying and then firing the ink. The material consists of borosilicate glass frit and at least one inorganic pigment (e.g., iron and / It may contain (or chromium).

[0080] Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the camera / sensor window used in the embodiment. a), 3(b) and 3(c), in each of these, the hidden band 40 is a sensor win It has a dove 42. In Figure 3(a), it is larger than the first sensor window portion of surface 2. The second sensor window portion 44 of the large surface 4 is offset to the top and 5 mm to the side ( In other words, the sensor window portion of surface 4 is higher than the sensor window portion of surface 2. It has a side that is 5 mm larger and an 8 mm offset at the bottom. In Figure 3(b), The second sensor window on the larger surface 4 has an offset as shown in Figure 3(a). The section also has a sawtooth fade-out 46 at the bottom and top of the window section. Code 46 is added to the top and bottom (rather than being subtracted from them), As a result, the black print is directed more towards the center of the sensor window than in the arrangement shown in Figure 3(b). It may extend slightly in the past. Instead of a sawtooth pattern, dots, lines, or feather edges may be used. Other patterns such as the one shown may also be used. In Figure 3(c), there is a 5mm offset all around. The second sensor window portion 44 of the larger surface 4 is located within the surface of the hidden band 40. It is positioned in a 4-sided hidden frame 48, and the hidden frame 48 is made of high infrared reflectivity enamel (surface Those with a higher infrared reflectivity than the remaining portion of the hidden band on surface 4, and It has the infrared reflectivity of the enamel on surface 2.

[0081] There are numerous possible configurations for these camera / sensor windows. For example, the sensor window portion of surface 4 is smaller than the sensor window portion of surface 2. It is also acceptable. Furthermore, the offset does not need to be symmetrical; it can be shifted, that is, vertically. Alternatively, the offset may differ on the left and right, or both.

[0082] Figure 9 shows surface 2(S2) (i.e., the first sensor window portion) and surface 4(S 4) (i.e., the design of the second sensor window section) Several designs are shown. Figure 9(a) is generally as shown in Figure 3(a), and Figure 9(b Figure 9(c) shows one side of the S4 sensor window, which has a single lower bar at S4. (e) and (e) are the outlines of the "cap" or "U" on three sides of S4, and Figure 9(d) is S Shows multiple bars / blocks of 4.

[0083] Laminated glazing, as shown in Figure 1 or Figure 2, can generally be manufactured as follows: A glass substrate (for example, soda-lime float glass with a thickness of 2.1 mm) is silkscreened. Screen printing with a doctor blade using clean and enamel inks (for example) 50-120 threads / cm polyester screen, for example, 77 or 100 threads (Uses a screen with a red / cm polyester screen) A printed boundary is formed, and optionally, the boundary is heated to the substrate at a temperature of less than 300°C using infrared heating. It is dried by exposure to infrared radiation from the heater. Then, the outer first glass Two printed glass to form ply 12 and the inner second glass ply 14 The substrates are stacked, and the stacked substrates are bent. At this stage, a heat source is supplied, Normally, heat to a temperature of 570°C over a period of 8 minutes or more, hold at this temperature for 1 minute, and then... In the standard bending mold or frame, bending is performed by press bending or slack bending. It can be bent. After separating the substrates and cooling, a PVB intermediate layer (thickness approximately 0.5 mm) is applied. It is laminated using 76mm.

[0084] Glazing can be done, for example, by first pre-nipping with a nip roller, or Using vacuum rings applied to the edges of the first and second plies of glass, the glass plies The assembly of the PVB intermediate layer may be laminated by a degassing method. Then, the first And the second glass ply and PVB interlayer are subjected to a pressure range of 6 bar to 14 bar. They are then laminated together in an autoclave at a temperature range of 110°C to 150°C.

[0085] The present invention will be further illustrated by the following embodiments, but will not be limited thereto. [Examples]

[0086] In the example, black enamel (e.g., Johnson Matthey 1L530, P) is used. Prince DV174100 and Prince DV17450, high infrared reflectivity energy Using MEL, and on surfaces 2 and 4 as shown in Figure 3, various sizes and shapes Using the sensor window section, a stacked window was manufactured according to the method described above. Another ink used for the strike was Johnson Matthäus, a medium-performance ink. The code is y 1L4755-WF789P.

[0087] The horizontal and vertical light power of a considerable number of each stacked glazing sample was filtered. Using an optical power measurement system equivalent to the ISRAVision AG standard system Then, the measurement was taken at an angle of 55° (converted to a test angle of 60° for comparison), and the optical power integral length was measured. Defined (e.g., 1 / 2 / 0 ISRA filter, 1mm optical power measurement system) (Equivalent to a 1mm filter).

[0088] The light transmittance of the visible spectrum 380-780nm was measured at at least 5 different angles of installation. It was 4%.

[0089] The average vertical light power along the centerline of each window is determined from top to bottom. The results are shown in the graphs from Figure 4 to Figure 8. The x-axis is relative to the center of the window. Since the measurement position is shown in mm, the top of the window will be on the left side (x=negative), and the window The lower part of the curve is on the right side (x=positive). The y-axis shows the optical power measured at each position in mdpt. However, as mentioned above, it has been converted to 60°.

[0090] [Example 1] In this example, an ink that generates a standard level of light power is used. Figure 4 shows the results when the sensor window portion is on surface 2 and surface 4. 5 around the entire circumference There is a relative S2 / S4 offset of 8 mm at the bottom (the S4 window area is (It is large). Line D shows the light power generated at surface 2, which is negative, and line E This shows the light power generated on surface 4, which is also negative in the center of the window, but above and below It is positive toward. Line F shows the net light power, which is at the top of the window. The absolute size decreases particularly towards the bottom, but there is almost no improvement in the center. Figure 4 shows how the opposing light powers on the printing surface adjacent to the hidden layer are balanced. This shows that optical distortion can be reduced compared to individual plies. However, the table The light power generated on surface 2 is considerably weaker than the light power generated on surface 4, therefore the optimal connection The result has not yet been achieved.

[0091] [Example 2] In this embodiment, enamel with high infrared reflectivity is used on surface 4, and the result is shown in Figure As shown in 5, the design of the windshield and sensor window is the same as in Example 1. However, the offset is 5mm all around (S4 was about 5mm larger all around than S2). As described above, the hidden layer of surface 4 uses enamel with high infrared reflectivity (the enamel of surface 2 Mel is a standard enamel as in Example 1). Line D is the same as in Example 1. Line G generates light power on the surface 4 by enamel with high infrared reflectivity. This shows that line H represents the net light power within the window; this line is close to the x-axis. This indicates how much optical distortion has been reduced. Surface 4 has high infrared reflection. By selecting the ink, the opposite side of surface 2 (line D) can be applied more effectively than in Example 1. A distortion profile very close to the original was generated. As a result, the optical distortion of the combined system The amount is further reduced significantly. For comparison, line I is printed as the baseline. It shows the light power of the glass that is not visible. The net light power towards the bottom of the window is It is actually superior to unprinted glass, and the light power directed upwards is printed. It can be seen that it is similar to that of untreated glass.

[0092] [Example 3] In this embodiment, a different windshield is used than that used in Examples 1 and 2. Similar to Example 1, standard ink was used, and the results are shown in Figure 6. The sensor window section is set up as shown in Figure 6. The dimensions are the same as in Example 1, with an overall offset of 5 mm and an offset of 8 mm at the bottom. Line J indicates the light power generated on surface 2, and line K indicates the light power generated on surface 4. The line L indicates combined light power. Different windshield designs were used. However, the results show the same effect as in Example 1. The light power of surface 4 (line K) is, surface Because its absolute magnitude is greater than the light power of line 2 (line J), ​​the compensation effect is partial. In other words, it can only be achieved towards the bottom of the windshield.

[0093] [Example 4] In this embodiment, the windshield of Example 3 is used, and a high infrared reflectivity energy is applied to the surface 4. Mel is being used. The results are shown in Figure 7. Windshield and sensor window area The design is the same as in Example 3, but the offset is 5mm all around (S4 is greater than S2). (It was also about 5mm larger around the entire circumference), and the hidden layer on surface 4 uses enamel with high infrared reflectivity. Line J is the same as in Example 3, and Line M is enamel with high infrared reflectivity. The image shows the optical power achieved on surface 4. Line M is mirrored along the x-axis. Note that it is almost a mirror image of line J. The net optical power is shown by line N. , significantly reduced. Again, this is due to the design and use of the sensor window section. When the ink is properly selected, equal and opposite light power can be achieved in each individual ply. These indicate that they can effectively cancel each other out after lamination. Line O is, For comparison, the baseline light power of unprinted glass is shown. Optical distortion This is significantly reduced, approaching the optical distortion of unprinted glass.

[0094] [Example 5] This embodiment demonstrates the design of the optical distortion / light power and sensor window section and energy The results show a considerable number of approaches to balancing the combination of Mel. This is shown in Figure 8. In the design of the windshield and sensor window section, the window section is 3 We used S4 "hat" around one side (as shown in Figure 9(c)), (as in other embodiments) (Sea urchin) Around all four sides of S2, 2-3mm (S4 is more overall than S2) An offset of approximately 5mm was added. The design of the sensor window is generally as shown in the diagram. It was the same as 9(c). Line P shows the optical power of surface 2 using standard enamel. Line Q shows the optical power of surface 2 using enamel with high infrared reflectivity, and line T shows, The light power of surface 4, which uses enamel with high infrared reflectivity, is shown. The windshield has two They were manufactured using different configurations. One was a configuration where the sensor window portion of surface 4 was on surface 2. One is larger than the sensor window area (line R), and the other is the sensor on surface 2. - The window portion is larger than the sensor window portion on surface 4 (line S). In both cases, enamel had a high infrared reflectivity. Both lines R and S were individual Improvements can be seen across each ply (lines Q and T), but line R It yields the best overall results.

[0095] In summary, the present invention relates to the distribution of the optical power profiles of the first and second glass plies. By taking the balance, the overall optical distortion and light power of the sensor window are reduced. This demonstrates a significant reduction in [the problem]. [Explanation of symbols]

[0096] [Reference number] 2: Laminated glazing 4: Transparent part of the glazing 6: Hidden Band 8: Around the transparent part 10: Sensor (e.g., ADAS camera) window 12: First (e.g., outer) glass ply 14: Second (e.g., inner) glass ply 15: First sensor window section 16: Polymer Interlayer 17; Second sensor window section 18: Hidden layer on surface 2 19: Offset of the lower edge 20: Hidden layer on surface 4 21: Upper edge offset 22: Laminated glazing 24: Transparent part of the glazing 26: Hidden Band 28: Around the transparent part 30: Left sensor (e.g., ADAS camera) window 32: Right sensor (e.g., ADAS camera) window 40: Hidden Band 42: Sensor window 44: Offset of the window portion of surface 4 46: Serrated fade-out 48: Hidden frame (e.g., high infrared reflectivity)

Claims

1. It is a laminated glazing, A first glass ply having a first surface and a second surface, A second glass ply having a third surface and a fourth surface, A polymer ply located between the first glass ply and the second glass ply, A concealed band around at least a portion of the periphery of the laminated glazing, having at least one sensor window, and comprising a first concealed layer and a second concealed layer, The first glass ply has a first concealing layer attached to at least a portion of the periphery of the first surface or the second surface, wherein the first concealing layer comprises at least one first sensor window portion having optical distortion of the first sensor window portion, The second glass ply has a second concealing layer attached to at least a portion of the periphery of the third surface or the fourth surface, wherein the second concealing layer comprises at least one second sensor window portion having optical distortion of the second sensor window portion. The first sensor window portion has x-axis dimensions and / or y-axis dimensions, the second sensor window portion has x-axis dimensions and / or y-axis dimensions, and the x-axis dimensions and / or y-axis dimensions of the first sensor window portion are different from the x-axis dimensions and / or y-axis dimensions of the second sensor window portion. The x-axis dimension of the first sensor window portion is greater than the x-axis dimension of the second sensor window portion, and / or the y-axis dimension of the first sensor window portion is greater than the y-axis dimension of the second sensor window portion. The smaller of the first sensor window portion and the second sensor window portion is arranged such that there is an offset at each end of its dimensions relative to the larger of the first sensor window portion and the second sensor window portion. The offset at one end of the y-axis dimension is different from the offset at the other end of the y-axis dimension, A stacked glazing that enables control of the optical distortion of the first sensor window and the optical distortion of the second sensor window, such that the absolute magnitude of the optical distortion of the sensor window is smaller than the absolute magnitude of the optical distortion of the first sensor window and the optical distortion of the second sensor window.

2. The laminated glazing according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the first sensor window portion differs from the shape of the second sensor window portion, thereby controlling the optical distortion of the first sensor window portion and the optical distortion of the second sensor window portion.

3. The laminated glazing according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the shape of the first sensor window portion and / or the shape of the second sensor window portion is square, rectangular, trapezoidal, elliptical, or circular.

4. The laminated glazing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first sensor window portion and / or the second sensor window portion are each partially or entirely surrounded by the first concealing layer and / or the second concealing layer.

5. The laminated glazing according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein at least a portion of the periphery of the first sensor window portion or the second sensor window portion is patterned.

6. The laminated glazing according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first concealing layer and the second concealing layer are formed of materials having different emissivity or infrared reflectivity, thereby enabling control of the optical distortion of the first sensor window and the optical distortion of the second sensor window.

7. The laminated glazing according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein at least a portion of the first concealing layer and / or the second concealing layer has an infrared reflectance of 21% or more over a wavelength range of 800 nm to 2250 nm.

8. The laminated glazing according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first concealing layer and / or the second concealing layer comprises enamel, the enamel comprises frit and an inorganic pigment, and the inorganic pigment is selected from chromium iron pigment, ferrite pigment, chromite pigment, or chromite pigment, also known as ferrite / iron chromite.

9. The laminated glazing according to claim 8, wherein the enamel of the first concealed layer and / or the enamel of the second concealed layer are selected from low emissivity enamel or low infrared reflectivity enamel, or high emissivity enamel or high infrared reflectivity enamel, thereby enabling control of the optical distortion of the first sensor window portion and the optical distortion of the second sensor window portion.

10. The laminated glazing according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the periphery of either the first sensor window portion or the second sensor window portion comprises a concealed frame portion having a lower or higher infrared reflectivity than the concealed layer on the remaining portion of the first glass ply or the second glass ply, and / or a concealed frame portion having a lower or higher infrared reflectivity than the concealed layer on the other glass ply of the first glass ply and the second glass ply.

11. The laminated glazing according to claim 10, wherein the periphery of the second sensor window portion is provided with the concealed frame portion.

12. The laminated glazing according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the first sensor window portion and / or the second sensor window portion have optical distortion in the range of -405 to +405 millidiopters.

13. The stacked glazing according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the sensor window has optical distortion in the range of -195 to +195 millidiopters.

14. A process for manufacturing molded laminated glazing, The steps include providing a first glass substrate having a first surface and a second surface, and a second glass substrate having a third surface and a fourth surface, A step of applying a first concealing layer to at least a first portion of the first surface or the second surface of the first glass substrate, wherein the first concealing layer comprises at least one first sensor window portion having controlled optical distortion of the first sensor window portion, A step of applying a second concealing layer to at least a first portion of the third or fourth surface of the second glass substrate, wherein the second concealing layer comprises at least one second sensor window portion having controlled optical distortion of the second sensor window portion, Optionally, the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate are heated to a temperature exceeding 570°C to form the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate, The steps include placing at least one polymer ply between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate, The process includes the step of laminating the first glass substrate, the polymer ply, and the second glass substrate, By controlling the optical distortion of the first sensor window portion and the optical distortion of the second sensor window portion, the absolute magnitude of the optical distortion of the sensor window is made smaller than the absolute magnitude of the optical distortion of the first sensor window portion and the optical distortion of the second sensor window portion. The first sensor window portion has x-axis dimensions and / or y-axis dimensions, the second sensor window portion has x-axis dimensions and / or y-axis dimensions, and the x-axis dimensions and / or y-axis dimensions of the first sensor window portion are different from the x-axis dimensions and / or y-axis dimensions of the second sensor window portion. The x-axis dimension of the first sensor window portion is greater than the x-axis dimension of the second sensor window portion, and / or the y-axis dimension of the first sensor window portion is greater than the y-axis dimension of the second sensor window portion. The smaller of the first sensor window portion and the second sensor window portion is arranged such that there is an offset at each end of its dimensions relative to the larger of the first sensor window portion and the second sensor window portion. The offset at one end of the y-axis dimension is different from the offset at the other end of the y-axis dimension, A process that enables control of the optical distortion of the first sensor window and the optical distortion of the second sensor window so that the absolute magnitude of the optical distortion of the sensor window is smaller than the absolute magnitude of the optical distortion of the first sensor window and the optical distortion of the second sensor window.

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