Control device, communication system, and control method

Abstract

To provide a control device capable of appropriately selecting a connection control device such as AMF.SOLUTION: A control device includes a determination unit that determine a first connection control device responsible for a connection between a RAN and a core on the basis of an analysis result obtained based on a first analysis function of an analysis device having a function of outputting an analysis result regarding a current or future specified situation in a mobile network.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a control device, a communication system, and a control method.

Background Art

[0002] <Example of the form of a distributed mobile network> FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the form of a distributed mobile network. These forms are described in Non-Patent Document 1. In the Local Offload option, a UPF (User Plane Function) for data communication is arranged at the edge side, and a C-Plane (Control-Plane) NF that processes control information is arranged at the central side. The UPF can perform either offloading of data traffic to a local AF (Application Function) or transfer of data traffic to the central side. In either case, C-Plane signals are exchanged via a backhaul. This option is suitable for an environment with low trust in edge nodes or a use case where there is no delay or capacity impact on end-to-end services (for example, live content acquisition using aircraft communication or a nomadic network).

[0003] In the Locally Administrated Edge option, an AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function) and an SMF (Session Management Function) are deployed at the edge site, and authentication, authorization, and session management at the edge are performed. As a result, specific C-Plane signaling (for example, Service Request Procedure) between the edge and the center is completed at the edge site and thus reduced. This option is suitable when applying specific local policies to the edge or when there is a backhaul with significant delay characteristics.

[0004] In the Autonomous Edge option, all C-Plane NF functions are placed on the edge network to provide connectivity to devices within a specific area. However, this model is limited to some areas and it is difficult to provide continuous device mobility. To provide connectivity across edge networks, it is necessary to synchronize subscriber profiles. With this option, ultra-low latency is required, or this option is most suitable for deployments with very limited backhaul availability and capacity and high trust in the edge infrastructure.

[0005] Note that FIG. 5 also shows the AUSF (Authentication User Service Function), UDM (Unified Data Management), PCF (Policy Control Function), UE (User Equipment) which is a 5G terminal, and gNB which is a 5G base station.

[0006] <Method of Selecting AMF from RAN> FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the registration procedure. A detailed description thereof is omitted. In FIG. 6, the processing part of AMF selection is extracted and shown. The example in FIG. 6 shows an example of the procedure in UE (User Equipment), RAN (Radio Accsess Network), new AMF (New AMF), and old AMF (Old AMF). Note that in the example of FIG. 6, PCF, SMF, AUSF, and UDM are also shown.

[0007] Here, registration means notifying the network of the presence and identification information of a device and setting up a session and services for communication when connecting to a mobile network. It is standard practice for the RAN to select the AMF based on the following priority order when the UE performs registration (see Non-Patent Document 2).

[0008] In this priority order, if the RAN can reach an AMF corresponding to the 5G-S-TMSI (Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity) or GUAMI (Globally Unique AMF Identifier) ​​indicated by the UE, that AMF will be selected. Furthermore, under this priority system, if the RAN cannot reach an AMF that supports 5G-S-TMSI or GUAMI, the AMF will be selected based on the Requested NSSAI (Network Slice Selection Assistance Information). Furthermore, under this priority setting, if RAN cannot select an AMF based on the Requested NSSAI, it will select the AMF set as the default. Here, 5G-S-TMSI is temporary mobile subscriber identification information. Furthermore, GUAMI is an identifier used to uniquely identify AMFs. Furthermore, NSSAI is an identifier that represents information used to assist in the selection of network slices.

[0009] <RANとAMFのセッション> Figure 7 shows an example of NG Setup between the CU (Central Unit) and AMF. A detailed explanation of this is omitted. The example in Figure 7 shows procedures in UE, gNB, and two AMFs (referred to as AMF#1 and AMF#2 for convenience).

[0010] The RAN's CU establishes a session called an N2 session. This N2 session is NGAP (Next Generation Application Protocol) over SCTP (Stream Control Transmission Protocol). Information is exchanged between the RAN and the CN (Core Network) via this N2 session. For example, when the N2 session is established, the CU sends an NG Setup message, and by receiving the NG Setup Response, which is an NGAP message, it is possible to determine which NSSAI the AMF supports (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 3).

[0011] <nwdaf> Figure 8 shows an example of the flow of providing analytical information (analysis results) by NWDAF (Network Data Analytics Function). Figure 8 shows an example of the processing flow in the data source NF (Network Function), NWDAF, consumer NF, and NRF (Network Repository Function).

[0012] NWDAF is a NF (Network Functions) of 5G CNs, and is a function for performing data analysis. NWDAF helps optimize the network and improve services by collecting and analyzing data within the network and providing the resulting information to consumer NFs. Consumer NFs can also subscribe to analysis requests (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 4).

[0013] Here, NWDAF primarily plays the following roles: data collection, AI model training or retraining, and data analysis. In its role in data collection, NWDAF collects data from NF to input data for generating and analyzing AI models. In its role of training or retraining AI models, NWDAF trains or retrains AI models based on collected data and performs updates to the AI ​​models. In its role in data analysis, NWDAF determines which analysis to perform based on the Analytics ID sent from the consumer NF, which indicates the type of analysis to be performed, and then executes that analysis. [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0014] [Non-Patent Document 1] Marius Corici, et al. "A Study of 5G Edge-Central Core Network Split Options," Network 2021, 1(3), 354-368. https: / / www.mdpi.com / 2673-8732 / 1 / 3 / 20 [Non-Patent Document 2] 3GPP TS 23.502 "Procedures for the 5G System (5GS); Stage 2". [Non-Patent Document 3] 3GPP TS 38.413 "NG-RAN; NG Application Protocol (NGAP)". [Non-Patent Document 4] 3GPP TS 23.288 "Architecture enhancements for 5G System (5GS) to support network data analytics services". [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0015] As mentioned above, various distributed CN options are envisioned in existing technologies. In mobile networks where these options coexist, the option of deploying AMF at edge sites may be preferred in order to reduce C-Plane latency. However, if the CU selects AMF without understanding the characteristics of the UE and CN, the following (Problem 1) and (Problem 2) may occur.

[0016] In (Problem 1), when selecting an AMF that supports the Locally Administrated Edge option or the Autonomous Edge option as the AMF served by a UE with a large amount of movement, compared with the Local Offload option, the area managed by the AMF becomes narrower, so handover (HO) frequently occurs. As a result, the number or amount of signaling to be processed in the C-Plane may increase.

[0017] In (Problem 2), since the computing resources of the edge site are generally limited compared to those of the central site, if an AMF on the edge site is prioritized for reducing the latency of the C-Plane as the serving AMF, the load on the NFs arranged at the edge site is expected to increase. For example, when the NF is in a high-load state, if the Locally Administrated Edge option or the Autonomous Edge option is selected, it may cause deterioration of the C-Plane procedure due to processing delay, resulting in unintended results (slower results).

[0018] As described above, in the conventional technology, for example, when a mixed distributed CN is not appropriately selected, it was considered possible to cause a degradation in the quality of the C-Plane.

[0019] The present disclosure has been made in consideration of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a control device, a communication system, and a control method capable of appropriately selecting a connection control device such as an AMF.

Means for Solving the Problem

[0020] As a configuration example, a control device includes a determination unit that determines a first connection control device responsible for the connection between the RAN and the core based on an analysis result obtained based on a first analysis function of an analysis device having a function of outputting an analysis result regarding a current or future predetermined situation in a mobile network.

[0021] As an example configuration, this communication system includes an analysis device having a function to output analysis results regarding a predetermined current or future situation in a mobile network, a first connection control device responsible for connecting the RAN and the core, and a control device, wherein the control device includes a determination unit that determines the first connection control device based on the analysis results obtained based on the first analysis function of the analysis device.

[0022] As an example configuration, the control method involves a control device determining a first connection control device responsible for connecting the RAN and the core based on analysis results obtained based on a first analysis function of an analysis device that has the function of outputting analysis results regarding a predetermined current or future situation in the mobile network. [Effects of the Invention]

[0023] According to the control device, communication system, and control method described herein, an appropriate connection control device such as an AMF can be selected. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0024] [Figure 1] This figure shows a schematic configuration example of the control device according to the embodiment. [Figure 2A] This figure schematically shows an example of the CN management function according to the embodiment. [Figure 2B] This figure schematically illustrates an example of the AI ​​model management function according to the embodiment. [Figure 2C] This figure schematically shows an example of the analysis and generation function according to the embodiment. [Figure 2D] This figure schematically shows an example of the AMF determination function according to the embodiment. [Figure 3] This figure shows a schematic example of the configuration of a communication system according to the embodiment. [Figure 4] This figure shows an example of the processing flow performed in the communication system according to the embodiment. [Figure 5] This figure shows an example of a distributed mobile network configuration. [Figure 6] It is a diagram showing an example of a registration procedure. [Figure 7] It is a diagram showing an example of NG SetUp between CU and AMF. [Figure 8] It is a diagram showing an example of the flow of providing analysis information (analysis results) by NWDAF.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0025] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0026] [Control Device] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration example of a control device 11 according to an embodiment. The control device 11 is a function of the RAN, and can perform the function of the RAN including CU and the interaction with the AMF.

[0027] The control device 11 includes a CN management unit 131 having a CN management function for managing the CN, an AI model management unit 132 having an AI (Artificial Intelligence) model management function for managing an AI model, an analysis generation unit 133 having an analysis generation function for generating analysis results, and an AMF determination unit 134 having an AMF determination function for determining the AMF.

[0028] [CN Management Function] FIG. 2A is a diagram schematically showing an example of the CN management function according to an embodiment. The CN management unit 131 has a correspondence table indicating which option of the distributed mobile network is adopted by the CN supported by each AMF. The correspondence table may be stored in the storage unit of the control device 11.

[0029] In the correspondence table, an identifier (GUAMI) unique to the AMF, an option of the distributed mobile core, a CN load rate, and information on whether NWDAF is included are associated with each other. In the example of FIG. 2A, XXX and YYY are shown as examples of GUAMI, Local Offload and Autonomous Edge are shown as examples of options for the distributed mobile core, 50% and 60% are shown as examples of the CN load rate, and YES (included) and NO (not included) are shown as examples of information on whether NWDAF is included or not.

[0030] In the corresponding table, an identifier unique to the AMF (GUAMI) is used as the unique key. For example, it manages the past results of the analysis related to the CN (e.g., the load rate of the CN NF) generated by the analysis generation unit 133 and whether NWDAF is deployed inside each CN. Here, the CN management unit 131 periodically checks whether NWDAF is deployed inside the CN.

[0031] <AI Model Management Function> FIG. 2B is a diagram schematically showing an example of the AI model management function according to the embodiment. The AI model management unit 132 has a corresponding table for managing the AI models downloaded based on the FQDN (Fully Qualified Domain Name) transmitted from the NWDAF. The corresponding table may be stored in the storage unit of the control device 11. In the corresponding table, the identifier of the AI model (AI Model), the identifier representing the content of the analysis (Analytics ID), and the TTL (Time to Live) are associated with each other. In the example of FIG. 2B, AAA and BBB are shown as examples of the identifier of the AI model, UE Mobility (UE mobility) and NF LOAD (NF load) are shown as examples of the identifier representing the content of the analysis, and 50% and 60% are shown as examples of the TTL.

[0032] In this correspondence table, metadata of the AI model such as the Analytics ID indicating what kind of analysis can be performed by the AI model is managed, and it also manages how long the AI model is stored locally or when to update the AI model (whether to request the AI model from the NWDAF again).

[0033] <Analysis generation function> FIG. 2C is a diagram schematically showing an example of the analysis generation function according to the embodiment. When the computing resources for analysis generation in the control device 11 are sufficient, the analysis generation unit 133 can execute the AI model downloaded from the NWDAF locally. On the other hand, when the computing resources for analysis generation in the control device 11 are not sufficient, the analysis generation unit 133 can send an analysis request to the NWDAF and obtain the analysis result.

[0034] In the example of FIG. 2C(A), the analysis generation function stores the AI model based on the data obtained from the RAN function such as the CU, and schematically shows the process of inputting input information into the AI model and obtaining the output information as the analysis result. In this example, the AI model is downloaded and stored in the control device 11. In the example of FIG. 2C(B), the analysis generation function accesses an external NWDAF based on the data obtained from the RAN function such as the CU, inputs input information into the AI model of the NWDAF, and schematically shows the process of obtaining the output information as the analysis result. In this example, the AI model is not downloaded to the control device 11, and the analysis result of the AI model stored in the external NWDAF is used.

[0035] <AMF determination function> FIG. 2D is a diagram schematically showing an example of the AMF determination function according to the embodiment. The AMF determination unit 134 comprehensively judges based on the analysis result obtained by the analysis generation unit 133 and the analysis result stored in the CN management unit 131, and determines which AMF to select. Figure 2D schematically illustrates the process by which AMF is selected based on three different analysis results.

[0036] Here, any method may be used for the overall decision-making process. For example, a method that considers NF load, or secondarily a method that considers UE mobility, may be used. For example, for highly mobile UEs, one might choose an AMF that supports the Local Offload option to avoid frequent handovers (HOs).

[0037] [Example of a communication system] Figure 3 shows a schematic example of the configuration of the communication system P1 according to the embodiment. The example in Figure 3 shows a network using various mobile core networks. Communication system P1 includes a RAN, a Local Offload network, a Locally Administrative Edge network, and an Autonomous Edge network.

[0038] The RAN (Range-Area) is equipped with a control unit 11, a CU (Control Unit), and a DU (Distributed Unit). The control unit 11, the CU, and the DU can communicate with each other. The Local Offload network includes an AMF (AMF#1 in the example in Figure 3) and an NWDAF (NWDAF#1 in the example in Figure 3) that can communicate with the control unit 11 and the CU. The Locally Administrated Edge network includes an AMF (AMF#2 in the example in Figure 3) that can communicate with the control unit 11 and the CU. The Autonomous Edge network includes an AMF (AMF#3 in the example in Figure 3) and an NWDAF (NWDAF#2 in the example in Figure 3) that can communicate with the control unit 11 and the CU. Furthermore, the communication system P1 may also include components not shown in Figure 3.

[0039] <Examples of processing in communication systems> Refer to Figure 4 to see an example of the processing in the communication system P1 (the procedure for AMF selection by the control device 11). Figure 4 is a diagram showing an example of the processing flow performed in the communication system P1 according to the embodiment. In this embodiment, the control device 11 establishes a session (NGAP over SCTP) for each AMF, similar to the CU.

[0040] Figure 4 shows the components of the communication system P1, including the UE, CU (RAN), control unit 11, AMF (AMF#1), NRF and NWDAF (NWDAF#1) in the Local offload network, and AMF (AMF#2) and NRF in the Locally Administrative Edge network. In the example shown in Figure 4, the NRF in the Local offload network is designated as NRF#1, and the NRF in the Locally Administrated Edge network is designated as NRF#2.

[0041] Figure 4 shows processes T1 to T9 and processes T21 to T30. Here, compared to the example of a conventional procedure, processes T3, T6, T7, T10, T22, T23, T26, and T29 are messages newly proposed in this embodiment. In the example in Figure 4, for the sake of clarity, messages between the RAN (in this case, the control device 11) and the CN are shown in uppercase only, while internal messages within the CN and internal messages within the RAN are shown in (a combination of uppercase and lowercase letters) to distinguish them. Note that the Registration process T30 performed by the RAN (in this case, the CU) is shown in (a combination of uppercase and lowercase letters).

[0042] (Process T1) The control device 11 sends an NG SET UP REQUEST message to AMF#1 on the Local Offload network, and using this message, establishes a session with AMF#1, where the CU connected to the control device 11 has established a session (NGAP over SCTP). (Processing T2) AMF#1 sends the message NG SET UP RESPONSE to the control unit 11.

[0043] Here, AMF#1 has metadata indicating which distributed mobile core options it supports, and in this embodiment, this metadata is included in the NG SETUP RESPONSE message. As a result, in this embodiment, the control unit 11 can determine from this metadata which distributed mobile core options AMF#1 supports. Furthermore, since conventional NG SETUP messages cannot include metadata indicating which distributed mobile core options are supported, this embodiment extends the fields of such messages, for example.

[0044] (Processing T3) The control unit 11 sends an NG NF DISCOVERY REQUEST message to AMF#1. At this time, the same parameters as NF Discovery can be specified as attributes. If the NF Type is NWDAF, the control unit 11 attempts to obtain information about NWDAFs deployed in the corresponding CN (e.g., available Analytics IDs). Note that NF Discovery is a message that has already been standardized by 3GPP (registered trademark).

[0045] (Processing T4) Upon receiving the NG NF DISCOVERY REQUEST message, AMF#1 sends an NF Discovery Request message to NRF on behalf of control unit 11 to verify whether NWDAF#1 is deployed inside the corresponding CN. (Process T5) NRF#1 sends an NF Discovery Response message to AMF#1. This allows AMF#1 to obtain the information from NWDAF#1 contained within the CN.

[0046] (Processing T6) AMF#1, having obtained the results of NF Discovery, sends the message NG NF DISCOVERY RESPONSE to the control unit 11. AMF#1 may include the information obtained by NF Discovery in this message. Upon receiving the NG NF DISCOVERY RESPONSE message, the control unit 11 updates the correspondence table in the CN management unit 131 based on the information obtained.

[0047] In process T7, the control unit 11 sends a message similar to that in process T3 to AMF#2 on the Locally Administrated Edge network. In (process T8), AMF#2 sends the same message to NRF#2 as in process T4. In (process T9), NRF#2 sends a message to AMF#2 similar to the one in process T5. In (process T10), AMF#2 sends a message to the control unit 11 similar to the message in process T6. Note that NWDAF is not deployed on the Locally Administrated Edge network.

[0048] (Processing T21) Here, we assume that the UE has sent an Initial Message to the CU (RAN). When the CU (RAN) receives an Initial Message indicating registration from the UE, it performs an AMF selection based on the following priority order from <Priority 1> to <Priority 4>.

[0049] In <Priority 1>, if the RAN can reach the AMF corresponding to 5G-S-TMSI or GUAMI indicated by the UE, that AMF will be selected. In <Priority 2>, if the RAN cannot reach an AMF that supports 5G-S-TMSI or GUAMI, the AMF selection will be performed based on the Requested NSSAI. In <Priority 3>, if RAN cannot select an AMF based on the Requested NSSAI, it may query the control unit 11 to select an AMF. For <Priority 4>, select the AMF, which is set as the default.

[0050] In this embodiment, a new AMF selection method is added as the third priority policy (<priority 3>), but the priority of the proposed policies may be configured to be freely set by the operator, for example. In other words, the priority in this embodiment is just an example, and other priority levels may be used.

[0051] The following describes the behavior when the new proposed policy, <Priority 3>, is adopted. (Processing T22) Upon receiving the Initial Message, the CU (RAN) sends an AMF Selection Request message to the control unit 11. Here, the CU (RAN) sends the AMF Selection Request message along with the UE context (information data sent from the UE).

[0052] Here, the control device 11 executes one of the following <Analysis Generation Process A1>, <Analysis Generation Process B1>, or <Analysis Generation Process C1> for analysis generation, depending on the presence or absence of an AI model and the status of computing resources. Furthermore, the NWDAF AnalyticsInfo message used to request analysis, and the MLModelProvision message used to request the FQDN of the AI ​​model, are messages that have already been standardized by 3GPP (registered trademark).

[0053] <Analysis generation process A1> is employed when the AI ​​model management unit 132 of the control device 11 already has an AI model capable of performing the analysis of the relevant UE and has sufficient computing resources for analysis generation. In this case, the analysis generation unit 133 of the control device 11 performs analysis generation using a local AI model. This process can be completed internally within the control device 11.

[0054] <Analysis generation process B1> is employed when the control device 11 does not have an AI model capable of performing analysis on the relevant UE, and when there are sufficient computing resources for analysis generation. In this case, the control device 11 sends an NG NWDAF MLMODELPROVISION REQUEST message to the AMF containing the necessary information (e.g., AnalyticsID, or information obtained from the UE context) in order to obtain the relevant AI model. The AMF then sends an NWDAF Mlmodelprovision Request message to the NWDAF. At this time, the NWDAF sends an NWDAF Mlmodelprovision Response message to the AMF, returning the FQDN indicating the location where the AI ​​model is stored. In response, the AMF downloads the AI ​​model. The AMF then sends an NG NWDAF MLMODELPROVISION RESPONSE message to the control unit 11, including the AI ​​model and its metadata (metadata related to the AI ​​model). As another example, if the AMF is aware that it can also download the AI ​​model using the corresponding FQDN from the control unit 11, the AMF may leave the AI ​​model download to the control unit 11. In this case, the AMF sends the NG NWDAF MLMODELPROVISION RESPONSE message to the control unit 11, including the FQDN and its metadata. Thus, the AI ​​model may be downloaded, for example, by the AMF, or by the control device 11.

[0055] <Analysis generation process C1> is employed when the control unit does not have sufficient computing resources for analysis generation. In this case, the control unit 11 sends an NG NWDAF ANALITICSINFO REQUEST message to the AMF. In response, the AMF sends an NWDAF Analyticsinfo Request message to the NWDAF. The NG NWDAF ANALITICSINFO REQUEST message may include parameters similar to those in the NWDAF AnalyticsInfo message. The NWDAF generates analysis results using an AI model and sends an NWDAF Analyticsinfo Response message containing these analysis results to the AMF. The AMF then sends an NG NWDAF ANALITICSINFO RESPONSE message containing these analysis results to the control unit 11. In this way, the analysis results are communicated to the control unit 11. Furthermore, the NG NWDAF ANALITICSINFO RESPONSE message contains a field that can include analysis results obtained from NWDAF.

[0056] Here, <Analysis Generation Process A1>, <Analysis Generation Process B1>, and <Analysis Generation Process C1> are examples, and the configuration of this embodiment does not necessarily have to be used. For example, the operator may be able to freely set matters related to these processes. As an example, the system may be set to perform a process that requests analysis results from NWDAF (a process similar to <Analysis Generation Process C1>) every time. Furthermore, if the control device 11 queries multiple different NWDAFs, the AI ​​model or analysis result of the first NWDAF to respond, or the AI ​​model or analysis result of a single NWDAF randomly selected by the control device 11, may be adopted as the AI ​​model or analysis result used for AMF selection.

[0057] Here, (process T23) to (process T26) show the processing steps when either <analysis generation process B1> or <analysis generation process C1> is performed. Note that if <analysis generation process A1> is performed, (process T23) to (process T26) are not performed. (Processing T23) Upon receiving the AMF Selection Request message, the control unit 11 sends either the NG NWDAF ANALYTICSINFO REQUEST or NG NWDAF MLMODELPROVISION REQUEST message to AMF#1. (Processing T24) Upon receiving this message, AMF#1 sends an NWDAF Analyticsinfo Request or NWDAF Mlmodelprovision Request message to NWDAF#1. (Processing T25) Upon receiving this message, NWDAF#1 sends an NWDAF Analyticsinfo Response or NWDAF Mlmodelprovision Response message to AMF#1. (Processing T26) Upon receiving this message, AMF#1 sends the message NG NWDAF ANALYTICSINFO RESPONSE or NG NWDAF MLMODELPROVISION RESPONSE to the control unit 11.

[0058] (Process T27) The control device 11 obtains the analysis generation results from the analysis generation unit 133. Here, the control device 11 performs either a process to obtain the results of analysis generation completed using the AI ​​model in its own device (analysis generation results), or a process to obtain the results of analysis generation completed using the AI ​​model by an external NWDAF (analysis generation results) via AMF.

[0059] (Process T28) The control device 11 determines which AMF to select by the AMF determination unit 134. Here, the control device 11 comprehensively judges and determines which AMF to select from, for example, the results obtained by the analysis generation unit 133 and the results stored in the CN management unit 131. As a method for this judgment, for example, a method of considering the NF load and considering UE mobility at the following points may be used. (Process T29) The control device 11 transmits an AMF Selection Response message to the CU (RAN). (Process T30) In this example, by this message, the CU (RAN) transmits a Registration message to AMF#2 in the Locally Administrated Edge network.

[0060] <Configuration in which the function of the control device is included in the CU> Here, in the example of FIG. 3, the case where the control device 11 is provided separately from the CU is shown. However, as another example, the function of the control device 11 may be included in the CU. When the control device 11 is incorporated as a module of the CU, there is no need to establish a session with the AMF separately from the CU for the control device 11. For example, in the processing flow shown in FIG. 4, the AMF Selection Request message related to Process T22 and the AMF Selection Response message related to Process T29 do not occur.

[0061] As described above, in the control device 11 according to the present embodiment, the AMF can be appropriately selected. In the present embodiment, as an element for the control device 11 to select the AMF, the analysis result that can be obtained from the AI model generated by the NWDAF is adopted. As a result, it is possible to forward to a mobile network (for example, a distributed mobile network may be used.) suitable for the characteristics of each UE, and to improve the efficiency of the entire mobile network (for example, improve the signal efficiency), or to achieve high-speed processing of the C-Plane.

[0062] In this embodiment, the control device 11 uses analysis results based on the AI ​​model of the NWDAF, including, for example, one or more of the following: NF load information or UE mobility information. This makes it possible to select an AMF that supports a CN suitable for each UE. In this embodiment, for example, in configurations where various distributed mobile cores exist, the control device 11 can intelligently select the AMF based on analysis results obtained from communication with the core network (e.g., indirect communication with the NWDAF). Thus, this embodiment provides an AMF selection method utilizing NWDAF, and procedures for realizing such an AMF selection method.

[0063] Regarding the above-mentioned (Problem 1), the control device 11 can, for example, determine that the relevant UE is actively moving during a certain time period through UE mobility analysis. This allows the control device 11 to select an AMF that supports the Local Offload option, for example, in order to avoid frequent signaling in the C-Plane. Regarding the above-mentioned (Problem 2), if the RAN has information regarding the load analysis of the NF of each CN, the control device 11 can select the CN with the lowest load to achieve load balancing, thereby enabling the C-Plane procedure to be completed quickly.

[0064] Another advantage of using an AI model generated by NWDAF is that it eliminates the need to generate an AI model again in RAN. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is possible to obtain analysis results using an AI model generated by NWDAF in RAN, or to query NWDAF for analysis results, and to select an AMF from such analysis results. In this embodiment, devices (e.g., control device 11), systems (e.g., communication system P1), interfaces, or procedures can be provided to achieve such effects.

[0065] Here, the control device 11 according to this embodiment may be applied to another communication system having a different configuration from the communication system shown in this embodiment. For example, in that other communication system, a functional unit similar to (or a similar functional unit to) AMF or NWDAF may be called by a different name.

[0066] As an example configuration, the control device (control device 11 in this embodiment) includes a determination unit (AMF determination unit 134 in this embodiment) that determines a first connection control device (first AMF, which is an example of an AMF in this embodiment) responsible for connecting the RAN and the core, based on the analysis results obtained based on the first analysis function (AI model in this embodiment) of an analysis device (NWDAF in this embodiment) that has the function of outputting analysis results regarding a predetermined current or future situation in a mobile network (for example, a distributed mobile network). Therefore, the control device can appropriately select the first connection control device. As a specific example, the control device can select an appropriate first connected control device from the analysis results obtained based on the AI ​​model learned by the analysis device (NWDAF in this embodiment).

[0067] The control device is included in the RAN, for example. Here, the predetermined situation in the analysis results concerning the predetermined situation may be a variety of situations, for example, a situation related to network load or a situation related to UE mobility may be used. Furthermore, the results of the analysis regarding the current predetermined situation may be obtained, for example, by performing a predetermined analysis based on data accumulated to date. Furthermore, the results of the analysis regarding a predetermined future situation may be obtained, for example, by performing a predetermined analysis based on data accumulated to date, and in this case, the analysis may be an analysis using an AI model. Furthermore, there are no particular limitations on the method for determining the first connection control device, and various methods may be used.

[0068] As an example configuration, the control device includes an analysis function management unit (in this embodiment, an AI model management unit 132) that manages the results of acquiring a second analysis function (in this embodiment, an example of an AI model, a second AI model) corresponding to the first analysis function (in this embodiment, an example of an AI model, a first AI model) via communication with a second connection control device (in this embodiment, a second AMF, which is an example of an AMF), and a first analysis generation unit (in this embodiment, an analysis generation unit 133) that generates analysis results by the second analysis function. Therefore, the control device can, for example, indirectly acquire the second analysis function from the analyzer via a second connection control device (in this embodiment, any AMF).

[0069] Here, as an example, the control device may download the second analysis function from the second connection control device (in this embodiment, any AMF). As another example, the control unit may obtain access information (e.g., FQDN) for the second analysis function from the second connection control unit (in this embodiment, any AMF), and download the second analysis function based on that access information.

[0070] Furthermore, there are no particular limitations on the second connection control device that the control device accesses (for example, to make a query). For example, the control device may access the second connection control device randomly. Furthermore, the number of second connection control devices that the control device accesses (for example, to query) may be one or multiple.

[0071] The second connection control device (e.g., second AMF) may be the same device as the first connection control device (e.g., first AMF), or it may be a different device. Furthermore, the second analysis function (e.g., the second AI model) may be substantially the same as the first analysis function (e.g., the first AI model), but for the sake of clarity, they are distinguished by different names.

[0072] As one example configuration, metadata indicating which of the distributed mobile core options is supported is notified from the second connection control unit to the control unit. Therefore, the control unit can understand the distributed mobile core options supported by the second connection control unit and appropriately select the first connection control unit based on that information.

[0073] As an example configuration, the control device includes a second analysis generation unit (in this embodiment, an analysis generation unit 133) that acquires analysis results from the first analysis function via communication with a third connection control device (in this embodiment, a third AMF, which is an example of an AMF). Therefore, the control device can indirectly obtain analysis results from the analyzer via, for example, a third connection control device (in this embodiment, any AMF).

[0074] Here, there are no particular limitations on the third connection control device that the control device accesses (for example, to query); for example, the control device may access the third connection control device randomly. Furthermore, the number of third connection control devices that the control device accesses (for example, to query) may be one or multiple.

[0075] The third connection control device (e.g., third AMF) may be the same device as the first connection control device (e.g., first AMF), or it may be a different device. Furthermore, the third connection control device (e.g., the third AMF) may be the same device as the second connection control device (e.g., the second AMF), or it may be a different device. Furthermore, although this embodiment shows a case where the functions of the first analysis generation unit and the functions of the second analysis generation unit are provided in the same component (analysis generation unit 133 in this embodiment), these functions may be provided in separate components.

[0076] As one example configuration, metadata indicating which of the distributed mobile core options is supported is notified from the third connection control unit to the control unit. Therefore, the control unit can understand the distributed mobile core options supported by the third connection control unit and appropriately select the first connection control unit based on that information.

[0077] As one example configuration, the control device includes a CN management unit (CN management unit 131 in this embodiment) that manages CNs. The determination unit determines the first connection control device based on the management content by the CN management unit. Therefore, the control device can appropriately select the first connection control device based on the management content of the CN.

[0078] For example, we can provide communication systems. As an example configuration, the communication system includes an analysis device having the function of outputting analysis results regarding a predetermined current or future situation in a mobile network, a first connection control device responsible for connecting the RAN and the core, and a control device. The control device includes a determination unit that determines the first connection control device based on the analysis results obtained based on the first analysis function of the analysis device.

[0079] For example, it is possible to provide a control method. As an example configuration, in the control method, the control device determines a first connection control device responsible for connecting the RAN and the core based on the analysis results obtained based on the first analysis function of an analysis device that has the function of outputting analysis results regarding a predetermined current or future situation in the mobile network.

[0080] As one example configuration, the control device 11 can provide an interface for establishing a session (NGAP over SCTP) with an AMF (any AMF).

[0081] As one example configuration, an AMF can be provided that has metadata indicating which distributed mobile core options are supported (for example, one that stores such metadata). As one example configuration, an AMF can be provided that notifies an external device (in this embodiment, the control device 11) of the metadata. Various devices may be used as the external device.

[0082] [Regarding the above embodiments] As a result, it becomes possible to improve the overall service quality in wireless networks, for example, and thus contribute to Goal 9 of the United Nations-led Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): "Build resilient infrastructure, promote sustainable industrialization and foster innovation."

[0083] Furthermore, a program to realize the function of any component in any of the devices described above may be recorded on a computer-readable recording medium, and that program may be loaded into a computer system and executed. Here, "computer system" includes hardware such as operating systems and peripheral devices. "Computer-readable recording medium" refers to portable media such as flexible disks, magneto-optical disks, ROMs, CD (Compact Disc)-ROMs (Read Only Memory), and storage devices such as hard disks built into computer systems. Moreover, "computer-readable recording medium" also includes volatile memory within a computer system that retains a program for a certain period of time, such as volatile memory within a computer system that acts as a server or client when a program is transmitted via a network such as the Internet or a communication line such as a telephone line. Such volatile memory may be, for example, RAM (Random Access Memory). The recording medium may be, for example, a non-temporary recording medium.

[0084] Furthermore, the above program may be transmitted from a computer system that stores the program in a memory device or the like to another computer system via a transmission medium or by transmission waves within the transmission medium. Here, the "transmission medium" used to transmit the program refers to a medium that has the function of transmitting information, such as a network like the Internet or a communication line like a telephone line. Furthermore, the above program may be intended to implement only a portion of the functions described above. Moreover, the above program may be a so-called differential file, capable of implementing the aforementioned functions in combination with programs already recorded in the computer system. A differential file may also be called a differential program.

[0085] Furthermore, the functions of any component in any device described above may be implemented by a processor. For example, each process in the embodiment may be implemented by a processor that operates based on information such as a program, and a computer-readable recording medium that stores information such as a program. Here, the processor may be implemented by having the functions of each part implemented by separate hardware, or by having the functions of each part implemented by integrated hardware. For example, the processor includes hardware, and the hardware may include at least one of a circuit that processes digital signals and a circuit that processes analog signals. For example, the processor may be configured using one or more circuit devices or one or both of one or more circuit elements mounted on a circuit board. An IC (Integrated Circuit) may be used as the circuit device, and a resistor or capacitor may be used as the circuit element.

[0086] Here, the processor may be, for example, a CPU. However, the processor is not limited to a CPU; various types of processors may be used, such as a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) or a DSP (Digital Signal Processor). The processor may also be, for example, a hardware circuit using an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit). Furthermore, the processor may be composed of, for example, multiple CPUs, or multiple hardware circuits using ASICs. The processor may also be composed of, for example, a combination of multiple CPUs and multiple hardware circuits using ASICs. The processor may also include, for example, one or more amplifier circuits or filter circuits that process analog signals.

[0087] While embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to these embodiments and may include designs and other elements that do not depart from the gist of this disclosure. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0088] 11...Control device, 131...CN management unit, 132...AI model management unit, 133...Analysis and generation unit, 134...AMF determination unit, P1...Communication system< / nwdaf>

Claims

1. The system includes a determination unit that determines a first connection control device responsible for connecting the RAN and the core based on the analysis results obtained based on the first analysis function of an analysis device having the function of outputting analysis results regarding a predetermined current or future situation in a mobile network. Control device.

2. An analysis function management unit manages the results obtained from the second analysis function, which corresponds to the first analysis function, via communication with the second connection control device. A first analysis generation unit that generates analysis results using the second analysis function, The control device according to claim 1, comprising:

3. The second connection control device notifies the control device of metadata indicating which of the distributed mobile core options is supported. The control device according to claim 2.

4. The system includes a second analysis generation unit that acquires the analysis results from the first analysis function via communication with a third connection control device. The control device according to claim 1.

5. The third connection control device notifies the control device of metadata indicating which of the distributed mobile core options is supported. The control device according to claim 4.

6. The aforementioned analytical device is an NWDAF, The aforementioned first analysis function is an AI model, The first connection control device is the first AMF, The control device is included in the RAN, The control device according to claim 1.

7. The second connection control device is a second AMF, The aforementioned first analysis function is the first AI model, The second analysis function is a second AI model that corresponds to the first AI model. The control device according to claim 2 or claim 3.

8. The third connection control device is the third AMF, The first analysis function is an AI model. The control device according to claim 4 or claim 5.

9. It has a CN management department that manages the CN, The determination unit determines the first connection control device based on the management content by the CN management unit. The control device according to claim 1.

10. A communication system comprising: an analysis device having a function to output analysis results regarding a predetermined current or future situation in a mobile network; a first connection control device responsible for connecting the RAN and the core; and a control device, The control device includes a determination unit that determines the first connection control device based on the analysis results obtained based on the first analysis function of the analyzer. Communication system.

11. The control device determines a first connection control device responsible for connecting the RAN and the core based on the analysis results obtained based on the first analysis function of an analysis device that has the function of outputting analysis results regarding a predetermined current or future situation in the mobile network. Control method.

Images