Envelope tracking system, portable device, and method of envelope tracking

Abstract

To provide a multi-level envelope tracking system that can provide increased efficiency over a wide range of signal powers.SOLUTION: An envelope tracking system 100 includes a multi-level supply (MLS) DC / DC converter 72 that outputs multiple regulated voltages, an MLS modulator 81 that controls selection of the regulated voltages over time on the basis of an envelope signal corresponding to the envelope of a radio frequency (RF) signal amplified by a power amplifier 71, and a modulator output filter 91 coupled between the output of the MLS modulator and the power amplifier supply voltage. The envelope tracking system further includes a switching point adaptation circuit 75 configured to control the voltage levels of the regulated voltages output by the MLS DC / DC converter based on the power level of the RF signal.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of the present invention relate to electronic systems, and more particularly to power amplifiers for radio frequency (RF) electronic devices.

Background Art

[0002] In an RF communication system, a power amplifier is used to amplify an RF signal for the purpose of transmission via an antenna. It is important to manage the power of RF signal transmission in order to extend battery life and / or provide an appropriate transmission power level.

[0003] Examples of RF communication systems having one or more power amplifiers include, but are not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, base stations, network access points, customer premise equipment (CPE), laptops, and wearable electronic devices. For example, in a wireless device that communicates using a cellular standard, a wireless local area network (WLAN) standard, and / or any other suitable communication standard, a power amplifier can be used for the purpose of RF signal amplification. The RF signal can have a frequency in the range of about 30 kHz to 300 GHz, such as in the range of about 410 MHz to about 7.125 GHz for fifth generation (5G) communication in frequency range 1 (FR1).

Summary of the Invention

[0004] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure relates to an envelope tracking system. The envelope tracking system is configured to amplify a radio frequency signal and receive power from a power amplifier supply voltage, and based on an envelope signal corresponding to the envelope of the radio frequency signal, the It includes an envelope tracker configured to generate a force amplifier supply voltage. The envelope tracker is multi A DC / DC converter configured to output a number of regulated voltages, and multiple regulated voltages A modulator configured to control the power amplifier supply voltage based on the envelope signal, and a radio frequency Based on the power level of the wavenumber signal, at least one of the multiple adjusted voltages It includes a switching point adaptation circuit configured to control the voltage level of the voltage.

[0005] In some embodiments, the switching point adaptation circuit is used to power the radio frequency signal. It is configured to control the voltage level of each of several regulated voltages based on the force level. It can be done.

[0006] In various embodiments, the switching point adaptation circuit transmits a transmission frame or transmission frame The power level of a radio frequency signal is estimated based on the power value of at least one of the signal values ​​of the ampere. It includes a power estimation circuit configured to achieve this. According to a certain number of embodiments, the signal power value is determined by the transmission. This indicates the average power for the frame or symbol. According to some embodiments, the signal power value This indicates the peak power for the transmitted frame or symbol. According to some embodiments, Furthermore, the switching point matching circuit includes multiple desired voltages associated with the signal power value. It includes a voltage estimation circuit configured to estimate the level. According to a certain number of embodiments, The tuning point matching circuit further selects one of several desired voltage levels corresponding to the desired voltage. The DC / DC converter controls the voltage level to output multiple regulated voltages, each with its own voltage level. It includes a programming circuit designed for control.

[0007] In some embodiments, the envelope tracking system further includes two or more radio frequency signals. The envelope tracker includes two or more power amplifiers configured to amplify the signal, and has multiple regulated The voltage received is supplied to one of the two or more power amplifiers, which is the supply voltage for one of the corresponding power amplifiers. It includes two or more modulators, each configured to provide the modulation that generates the signal. A certain number of implementations Depending on the configuration, the switching point compatible circuit is the maximum power range of two or more radio frequency signals. It is configured to control the voltage level based on a bell.

[0008] In some embodiments, the DC / DC converter is designed to receive a battery voltage, and To generate multiple regulated voltages based on the DC / DC conversion of the battery voltage , is composed of.

[0009] In some embodiments, each of the multiple regulated voltages is at a different voltage level. It has a ru.

[0010] In various embodiments, the envelope tracer further includes ground and multiple regulated voltages. It includes multiple decoupling capacitors that are coupled between one of the corresponding capacitors.

[0011] In certain embodiments, the modulator each controls the modulator output voltage and the plurality of regulated Includes multiple switches coupled between the current voltage and the corresponding adjusted voltage.

[0012] In some embodiments, the envelope tracer further includes the modulator output and power amplifier supply. It includes a modulator output filter connected between the voltage and the modulator output filter, and the modulator output filter is at least Each includes one series inductor and at least one shunt capacitor.

[0013] In certain embodiments, this disclosure relates to a portable device. The portable device uses radio frequencies A transceiver configured to generate a transmission signal, and a device that amplifies the radio frequency transmission signal. Front-end circuit including a power amplifier configured to receive power from the power amplifier supply voltage. Based on the envelope signal corresponding to the envelope of the radio frequency transmission signal, the power amplifier is supplied power The system includes a power management circuit which includes an envelope tracker configured to generate pressure. a DC / DC converter configured to output multiple regulated voltages, and multiple regulated voltages A modulator configured to control the power amplifier supply voltage based on voltage and envelope signals, and Based on the power level of the line frequency transmission signal, at least one of the multiple adjusted voltages A switching point adjustment circuit configured to control the voltage level of the adjusted voltage and Includes.

[0014] In various embodiments, the switching point adapting circuit is used to power the radio frequency transmission signal. It is configured to control the voltage level of each of several regulated voltages based on the force level. It can be done.

[0015] In some embodiments, the switching point adaptation circuit transmits a frame or transmits The power level of the radio frequency transmission signal is based on the signal power value for at least one of the signal symbols. It includes a power estimation circuit configured to estimate the bell. According to a certain number of embodiments, the signal power The power value indicates the average power for a transmitted frame or symbol. According to various embodiments, The signal power value indicates the peak power for the transmitted frame or symbol. Several implementations According to the description, the switching point adaptation circuit further involves multiple connections associated with the signal power value. It includes a voltage estimation circuit configured to estimate a desired voltage level. In a certain number of embodiments, If so, the switching point matching circuit further selects a corresponding one from among several desired voltage levels. DC / DC converter to output multiple regulated voltages, each with its own desired voltage level. Includes a programming circuit configured to control the converter.

[0016] In some embodiments, the portable device further transmits two or more radio frequency signals The envelope tracer includes two or more power amplifiers configured to amplify, and has multiple regulated power The voltage received is used to supply voltage to one of the two or more power amplifiers corresponding to that power amplifier. Includes two or more modulators, each configured to provide the modulation to be generated. Various embodiments According to the report, the switching point matching circuit is the maximum power range of two or more radio frequency transmission signals. It is configured to control the voltage level based on a bell.

[0017] In some embodiments, the DC / DC converter is designed to receive a battery voltage, and To generate multiple regulated voltages based on the DC / DC conversion of the battery voltage , is composed of.

[0018] In various embodiments, each of the multiple regulated voltages has a different voltage level. ru.

[0019] In some embodiments, the envelope tracer further includes ground and multiple regulated voltages. It includes multiple decoupling capacitors coupled between the corresponding regulated voltage and the corresponding voltage.

[0020] In some embodiments, the modulator controls the modulator output voltage and the plurality of adjustments. Includes multiple switches coupled between the adjusted voltage and the corresponding adjusted voltage.

[0021] In various embodiments, the portable device further comprises a modulator output and a power amplifier supply voltage. It includes a modulator output filter connected between them, and the modulator output filter has at least one It includes a series inductor and at least one shunt capacitor.

[0022] In a given embodiment, this disclosure relates to an envelope tracing method for a power amplifier. The purpose is to amplify radio frequency signals using the power amplifier supply voltage and to supply power to the power The purpose is to supply power to a power amplifier and to output multiple regulated voltages from a DC / DC converter. A modulator is used to control the power amplifier voltage based on the multiple regulated voltages and envelope signals. Including the control of the signal, the envelope signal corresponds to the envelope of the radio frequency signal. Furthermore, based on the power level of the radio frequency signal, at least one of several regulated voltages This includes controlling the voltage level of a single regulated voltage.

[0023] In various embodiments, the method further comprises multiple methods based on the power level of the radio frequency signal. This includes controlling each of the regulated voltages.

[0024] In some embodiments, the method further reduces the number of transmitted frames or transmitted symbols. This includes estimating the power level of a radio frequency signal based on the signal power value for one of the parties. According to certain embodiments, the signal power value is the average for the transmitted frame or symbol. It indicates power. According to some embodiments, the signal power value is the power of the transmitted frame or symbol. This indicates the peak power. According to various embodiments, the method further relates the signal power value to This includes estimating a plurality of desired voltage levels. According to some embodiments, The law further stipulates that each of the multiple desired voltage levels has a corresponding single desired voltage level. This includes controlling a DC / DC converter to output multiple regulated voltages.

[0025] In some embodiments, the method further provides a DC / DC conversion of the battery voltage. This includes generating multiple regulated voltages based on [the specified value].

[0026] In various embodiments, each of the multiple regulated voltages has a different voltage level. ru. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0027] [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram of a portable device according to one embodiment. [Figure 2] This is a schematic diagram of an envelope tracking system for a power amplifier according to one embodiment. [Figure 3A] This is a schematic diagram of an envelope tracking system in another embodiment. [Figure 3B] This is a schematic diagram of an envelope tracking system in another embodiment. [Figure 4] This is a graph of voltage versus time for five examples of signal waveforms at different power levels. [Figure 5A] This is an example graph showing the power amplifier supply voltage versus input power. [Figure 5B] This is a graph showing an example of power added efficiency (PAE) versus output power for various signal waveforms. [Figure 6A] This is another example graph showing the relationship between power amplifier supply voltage and input power. [Figure 6B] This is a graph showing other examples of PAE versus output power for various signal waveforms. [Figure 7] This is a schematic diagram of a portable device according to another embodiment. [Figure 8]This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a communication system that transmits radio frequency (RF) signals. [Figure 9] This is a schematic diagram of a multilevel supply (MLS) modulation system according to one embodiment. [Figure 10] This is a schematic diagram of an MLSDC / DC converter according to one embodiment. [Figure 11] This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of timing for MLSDC / DC conversion. [Figure 12] This is a schematic diagram of an example of MLS envelope tracing for a continuous wave signal. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0028] The following detailed description of a given embodiment presents various descriptions of a particular embodiment. However, However, the innovations described herein are defined and, for example, by the claims. It can be embodied in a number of different forms as described herein. A drawing showing the same or functionally similar elements is referenced. The elements shown on the surface are not necessarily to scale. Furthermore, it should be understood that the predetermined The embodiment includes more elements than shown in the drawings, and / or parts of the elements shown in the drawings. It may include a set. Furthermore, some embodiments may adapt any features from two or more drawings. This could include some rather poignant pairings.

[0029] Envelope tracing is used to determine the power added efficiency (PAE) of a power amplifier, which is the power amplifier that amplifies the unenhanced power. Efficiently control the voltage level of the power amplifier supply voltage in relation to the envelope of the line frequency (RF) signal. This is a technique that can be used to increase something by controlling it. In other words, RF As the signal envelope increases, the voltage supplied to the power amplifier may also increase. Similarly, RF signals As the envelope of the power supply decreases, the voltage supplied to the power amplifier also decreases, resulting in a decrease in power consumption.

[0030] Envelope tracking is an application in which the envelope signal follows the rapidly changing instantaneous power of an RF signal. It may include an envelope signal. In other applications, the envelope signal is, for example, an RF signal. It may be quite slow, determined by long-term averaging. For example, symbol tracking When using symbols, the envelope signal is multiplied by orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (multiplexing). (OFDM) The instantaneous power changes relatively infrequently compared to the rapidly changing instantaneous power of the signal. For example, in the OFDM waveform of 5G, the instantaneous power is less than 10ns between the peaks and troughs. While it can change, the symbol can change every 16 μs. In a given implementation example, packaging The entangled signal may be based on the next arriving peak of the RF signal, so rather than following the RF power... Rather, it predicts RF power.

[0031] A multilevel envelope tracking system with adjustable voltage steps is provided. In its form, an envelope tracking system that generates a power amplifier supply voltage for a power amplifier. The envelope tracking system is given. The MLSDC / DC converter outputs a number of regulated voltages. Based on the converter and the envelope signal corresponding to the envelope of the RF signal amplified by the power amplifier, over time... The system includes an MLS modulator that controls the selection of the adjusted voltage, and the output section of the MLS modulator and a power amplifier. The envelope tracking system includes a modulator output filter coupled between the device supply voltage section and the inverter. Furthermore, based on the power level of the RF signal, the adjusted output from the MLSDC / DC converter is It includes a switching point adaptation circuit configured to control the voltage level of the voltage.

[0032] By controlling the voltage level of the adjusted voltage based on the power level of the RF signal, The above efficiency can be achieved. For example, the switching point of an MLSDC / DC converter The input is adapted based on the power level of the RF signal to provide predictive adjustment of the regulated voltage. This allows for increased efficiency across a wide range of signal power. ru.

[0033] In a given implementation example, the switching point matching circuit is a specific transmit slot or F Based on the signal power value shown to the frame, the output from the MLSDC / DC converter is Controls the adjusted voltage. For example, in a given system, the average and / or peak signal The amount of power is the transmit slot or (as indicated by, for example, a base station of a communication network) Since it can be known before the frame, it is used to control the voltage level of the adjusted voltage. It is possible.

[0034] The discontinuous voltage level scale is set during the signal power (e.g., during a transmit burst or frame). To match the appropriate voltage level (e.g., minimum and maximum voltage values) corresponding to the average power. This makes it possible to improve the performance of the multilevel envelope tracking system. Tracking includes, but is not limited to, time-division duplexing (TDD) and a wide range of transmission methods. This can be done against Nario.

[0035] Therefore, in a given implementation example, the power amplifier supply voltage is set to the next burst or frame. It can be controlled based on the predicted peak power for the signal, or dynamically adjusted during transmission. It can also be adjusted. By controlling the adjusted voltage in this manner, the selected voltage can be adjusted. Reduce the step size to allow for fine-grained voltage tracking in the power amplifier. It is possible.

[0036] For example, before transmission begins, the peak-to-average and average power are known, so this knowledge allows This makes it possible to calculate the desired maximum and minimum voltages. In a given implementation example, MLSDC A decoupling capacitor that holds the charge for each regulated voltage of the DC converter is used in relation to It can be pre-charged to the corresponding voltage.

[0037] By implementing the envelope tracking system in this manner, the accuracy of envelope tracking can be improved. Over a wide range of signal power, including during off-peak or operation at high or low peak versus average values. It can be achieved.

[0038] In a given implementation example, the envelope tracking system amplifies power via a baseband filter. It operates as a power source that can switch between multiple voltages supplied to the device. The power source is static or fixed compared to the modulation bandwidth of the amplitude of the RF signal waveform passing through the power amplifier. It is controlled to generate a certain number of different voltages. Additionally, the regulated voltage increases power. It is adapted to the power demand of the widening unit (e.g., average power).

[0039] In a given implementation example, the regulated voltage from the MLSDC / DC converter is 2 or more power The power amplifier supply voltage for the amplifier is processed by two or more MLS modulators. For example, carrier aggregation systems, multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems, and / or other communication systems may also operate using a shared MLSDC / DC converter. In the implementation example, the switching point adaptation circuit is amplified by the power amplifier to achieve maximum signal strength. The adjusted voltage is controlled based on the power level.

[0040] For example, MIMO or carrier aggregation where multiple power amplifier paths operate simultaneously. In this case, the envelope tracking system uses the appropriate voltage for the power amplifier to carry most of the power. You can choose the kale. This is advantageous because it allows you to initially select the highest power consumption brand. A reduction in power consumption by adapting the voltage to the specified application is permissible. In this system, by using a single modulator switch position for a single power amplifier, , and allowing other voltages to be used by the modulator for the second power amplifier. Therefore, it may be advantageous to set a fixed supply for a single power amplifier.

[0041] In a given implementation example, the digital predistortion (DPD) system increases power consumption. Knowledge of calibration of width filter supply voltage (Vcc) filter characteristics and power amplifier response Based on this, the voltage settings are pre-calculated and pre-distortion is applied to the RF.

[0042] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a portable device 70 according to one embodiment. The portable device 70 is Primary antenna 1, diversity antenna 2, primary antenna tuning circuit 3, diver Diversity antenna tuning circuit 4, bipolar double-throw (DPDT) antenna diversity Switch 5, Primary Front-End Module 6, Diversity Front-End Module 7, Battery 8, Multilevel Supply (MLS) Envelope Tracker 9, Transceiver 10, Baseband Includes a modem 11 and an application processor 12.

[0043] Although one embodiment of a mobile device is shown, the teachings herein cover a wide variety of forms. It is applicable to mobile devices implemented in various ways. Therefore, other implementation examples are also possible.

[0044] In the illustrated embodiment, the primary front-end module 6 includes the first power amplifier 21, Second power amplifier 22, third power amplifier 23, fourth power amplifier 24, first low-noise amplifier 31 , second low-noise amplifier 32, third low-noise amplifier 33, diplexer 42, transmit / receive bandwidth Switch 41, transmit filter 43, first duplexer 45, second duplexer 46, third Replexer 47, first receiving filter 51, second receiving filter 52, third receiving filter 53 It includes a first directional coupler 59 and a second directional coupler 60. Additionally, diversity The front-end module 7 includes a first low-noise amplifier 35, a second low-noise amplifier 36, and a first receiver Signal filter 55, second receiving filter 56, first receiving band selection switch 61, and second receiving Includes a band selection switch 62.

[0045] Although one embodiment of the front-end circuit is shown, other front-end circuits are also shown. Implementation examples are also possible. For example, the front-end circuit transmits from one or more antennas and / or power amplifiers (PAs) and low-noise amplifiers (LNAs) for processing received RF signals. , including filters, switches, phase shifters, duplexers, and / or other suitable circuits Good. Examples of front-end functions include signal amplification for transmission, signal amplification for reception, and signal filtering. Switching, switching between different bandwidths, switching between different power modes, transmission mode Switching between D and D modes, signal duplexing, signal multiplexing (e.g., diplexing or triplexing), or any combination thereof This includes, but is not limited to, these items.

[0046] Therefore, the primary front-end module, diversity receiving front-end module Other implementation examples of routes, antenna selection, and / or antenna tuning may also be used.

[0047] As shown in Figure 1, the MLS envelope tracker 9 amplifies power in the portable device 70. The device generates one or more power amplifier supply voltages for amplifying RF signals for wireless transmission purposes. It is used for the purpose of... In the illustrated embodiment, the MLS envelope tracker 9 is powered by battery 8. Pressure V BATT The first power amplifier supply voltage V for the first power amplifier 21 is then received. PA1 , and The supply voltage V for the second power amplifier for the first power amplifier 22 PA2 Generates MLS envelope. Although an example is shown in which the line tracer 9 generates two power amplifier supply voltages, ML The S envelope tracker 9 may generate a power amplifier supply voltage that is greater or less than this.

[0048] The MLS envelope tracker 9 tracks the envelope of the first RF signal amplified by the first power amplifier 21. The supply voltage V of the first power amplifier is to be used to achieve this. PA1 It controls the MLS envelope tracker 9. The second power amplifier 22 tracks the envelope of the second RF signal amplified by the second power amplifier 22. Supply voltage V PA2 Controls the base. In a given implementation example, the MLS envelope tracker 9 controls the base The MLS envelope tracker 9 receives one or more envelope signals from the bandwidth modem 11. For example, the MLS envelope tracker 9 receives one or more envelope signals from the bandwidth modem 11. The first envelope signal shows the envelope of the first RF signal, and the second envelope shows the envelope of the second RF signal. It can receive signals. The envelope signal may be analog or digital.

[0049] Battery 8 includes, for example, a lithium-ion battery for use in a portable device 70. Any suitable battery can be used. Battery voltage V BATT This is the DC / D of the MLS envelope tracker 9. It is regulated by a C converter and used for multilevel envelope tracing related to the teaching here. A regulated voltage is generated.

[0050] The transceiver 10 generates an RF signal for transmission and controls the primary antenna 1 and diversity It processes the incoming RF signal received from antenna 2. It is understood that this is related to the transmission of the RF signal. The various functions associated with reception are collectively represented as the transceiver 10 in Figure 1. This can be achieved by one or more components. In one example, a predetermined type A separate component (e.g., a separate circuit or die) is provided to handle the RF signal of the device. That's fine.

[0051] The baseband modem 11 transmits and receives signals to the transceiver 10 in order to generate RF signals for transmission. The transmitter 10 provides a digital representation of the transmission signal it processes. The baseband modem 11 also transmits The digital representation of the received signal provided by receiver 10 is processed.

[0052] As shown in Figure 1, the baseband modem 11 is the primary application in the mobile device 70. It is coupled to an application processor 12, which is responsible for providing application processing. The application processor 12 performs memory management, graph processing, and / or multimedia processing. Suitable for supporting applications that include, but are not limited to, Adecing. It is possible to provide a variety of functions, such as providing system capabilities that are not present.

[0053] Although the mobile device 70 shows an example of an RF system of a multilevel envelope tracker, one or more multilevel envelope trackers implemented in accordance with the teachings herein can be included in a variety of RF systems.

[0054] Figures 2 to 3B depict schematic diagrams of envelope tracking systems for power amplifiers in various embodiments. However, the teachings herein are applicable to envelope trackers implemented in a variety of ways. Therefore, other implementation examples are also possible.

[0055] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an envelope tracking system 100 for a power amplifier 71 in one embodiment. The envelope tracking system 100 includes an MLSDC / DC converter 72, a switching port compatible circuit 75, an MLS modulator 81, and a modulator output filter 91. The MLSD C / DC converter 72 is also referred to as a switching regulator.

[0056] The power amplifier 71 amplifies the RF input signal RF IN to generate an RF output signal RF OUT . The MLS modulator 81 receives an envelope signal (ENVELOPE) that varies in relation to the envelope of the RF input signal RF IN . (ENVELOPE) is received.

[0057] In the illustrated embodiment, the MLSDC / DC converter 72 receives the battery voltage V BATT and outputs various regulated voltages V at different voltage levels, such as V MLSa , V MLSb , V MLSc , … V M LSnIt provides a DC / DC converter that generates [something]. For example, even if four MLS voltages are drawn... However, the MLSDC / DC converter 72 is more than this, as indicated by the abbreviated symbols. A small or large MLS voltage may be generated.

[0058] The MLS modulator 81 has a regulated voltage V MLSa , V MLSb , V MLSc , ...V MLS n The system receives the envelope signal and the modulator output voltage, which is then supplied to the modulator output filter 91. In the implementation example, the MLS modulator 81 selects an appropriate adjustment voltage over time based on the envelope signal. The output voltage is controlled based on the selection. For example, the MLS modulator 81 controls the envelope signal. Based on the value, the adjusted voltage V MLSa , V MLSb , V MLSc , ...V MLSn among It may include a bank of switches that selectively connect one regulated voltage to the output of a modulator.

[0059] The modulator output filter 91 filters the output of the MLS modulator 81. Therefore, the power amplifier supply voltage V for power amplifier 71 PA Generates.

[0060] As shown in Figure 2, the envelope tracking system 100 also performs switching point adaptation. This also includes circuit 75. The switching point matching circuit 75 is for RF signals. IN Power level Adjusted voltage V MLSa , V MLSb , V MLSc , ...V MLSn one of Controls the voltage level of the above adjusted voltage. In a given implementation example, the switching point The compatible circuit 75 is used for adjustment (see, for example, Figure 11) MLSDC / DC converter By controlling the pulse width of the converter 72, the switching point of the adjustment and the corresponding adjustment Controls the saved voltage level.

[0061] RF signal RF IN Adjusted voltage V based on the power level MLSa , V MLSb , V M LSc , ...V MLSn By controlling the voltage level, improved efficiency can be achieved. This is possible. For example, the switching point of the MLSDC / DC converter 72 can be set to the RF signal. Since it can be adapted based on the power level, predictive adjustment of the regulated voltage is permitted. This allows for increased efficiency across a wide range of signal power.

[0062] In a given implementation example, the switching point adaptation circuit 75 transmits the frame or slot Adjusted voltage V based on the amount of transmitted power shown in the box. MLSa , V MLSb , V MLS c , ...V MLSn Controls the voltage level. For example, switching point matching circuit 75 It receives data indicating the amount of transmitted power from a baseband modem or other suitable source. It is possible.

[0063] The envelope tracking system 100 is a symbol tracking system that can be suitable for high-bandwidth modulation. It is well suitable for applications that use symbol tracking. When using a voltage, program two MLS voltages to set the symbol rate (e.g., 5 It can be used continuously at G (16 μs). That is, the MLS modulator 81 is electric The voltage used to generate the power amplifier supply voltage is transferred to a new voltage-holding capacitor. It can be changed by itching.

[0064] Figure 3A shows an envelope tracking system 1 for a power amplifier module 101 of another embodiment. 50 schematic diagrams. The envelope tracking system 150 is an envelope tracking integrated circuit (IC) 1 02, Modulator output filter 104, Envelope shaping circuit 105, Envelope signal conditioning G circuit 106, switching point adjustment circuit 109, first decoupling capacitor 1 This includes each of the 11th to 4th decoupling capacitors 114, and the inductor 117.

[0065] Although an envelope tracking system of one embodiment is shown in Figure 3A, the teachings herein are It is applicable to envelope tracking systems implemented in a wide variety of ways. Therefore, other Implementation examples are also possible.

[0066] In the illustrated embodiment, the envelope tracking IC 102 is connected to the MLS switching circuit 121. The digital control circuit 122, the baseband MLS modulator 123, and the modulator control circuit 124 Includes. The envelope tracing IC102 in Figure 3A is the battery voltage (V BATT ) Reception, switching Reception of switching point matching data from point matching circuit 109, serial peripheral Communication via SPI (Spiral Interface), reception of envelope signals, Connection to decoupling capacitors 111-114 and connection to inductor 117 It is drawn with various pins or pads that provide various functions. Envelope tracking ICs are Here, it is also referred to as an envelope-tracking semiconductor die or chip.

[0067] The MLS switching circuit 121 provides voltage regulation by passing the current through the inductor 117 It controls the switch. For example, the MLS switching circuit 121 includes a switch and a controller. This controller allows for any appropriate adjustment (including, but not limited to, pulse width modulation). A key is used to turn this switch on and off to provide DC / DC conversion. In this configuration, the MLS switching circuit 121 has four regulated voltage levels of different voltage levels. It outputs an MLS voltage. However, the MLS switching circuit 121 is more than this It may also be implemented to output a small or regulated voltage.

[0068] As shown in Figure 3A, the MLS switching circuit 121 is connected to the digital control circuit 122 It is controlled by the digital control circuit 122, which provides programmability to the MLS switch. This can be applied to the tuning circuit 121, the MLS modulator 123, and / or the modulator control circuit 124. As shown in Figure 3A, the digital control circuit 122 is coupled to the SPI bus. In this example, the digital control circuit 122 is connected to the SPI bus and / or other chip interfaces. Based on the data received via the chair, the MLS switching circuit 121 and MLS modulation It controls the device 123 and / or the modulator control circuit 124.

[0069] The baseband MLS modulator 123 supplies power to the power amplifier via the modulator output filter 104. Voltage V PA Includes an output section coupled to a baseband MLS modulator. In a given implementation example, the baseband MLS modulator 123 is a switch coupled between each adjusted MLS voltage and the modulator output filter 104. This includes the modulator switch. Additionally, the modulator controller 1 switches based on the envelope signal. It is selectively opened and closed by 24.

[0070] In the illustrated embodiment, the modulator output filter 104 includes a first series inductor 127, The second series inductor 128, the first shunt capacitor 125, and the second shunt capacitor This includes Ta126. Although one implementation example of the modulator output filter is shown in Figure 3A, The teachings presented here are also applicable to modulator output filters implemented in a wide variety of ways. Therefore, filters from other implementation examples can also be used according to the instructions here.

[0071] In a given implementation example, one or more components of the filter are flexible and / or controllable. It is controllable to enhance performance (e.g., digitally programmable and / or (Analog tuning is performed). For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the first shunt capacitor The lower capacitor 125 and the second shunt capacitor 126 have controllable capacitance values. Although two examples of controllable filter components are shown, other filters Components may be implemented additionally or alternatively to enable control over them.

[0072] In the illustrated embodiment, the power amplifier module 101 includes a power amplifier 107 and a power supply module. Includes a voltage filter 108. The supply voltage filter 108 includes a series inductor 133, and a first shade Includes a first capacitor 131 and a second shunt capacitor 132. Power amplifier module Although one implementation example is shown, the teachings here can be implemented in a wide variety of ways. It can also be applied to power amplifier modules. Therefore, other implementation examples are also possible.

[0073] As shown in Figure 3A, the switching point adaptation circuit 109 is connected to the power estimation circuit 14 1. Includes a voltage estimation circuit 142 and an MLS programming circuit 143. Power estimation circuit 1 41 is an RF signal RF IN It operates to estimate the signal power. In a given implementation example, The power estimation circuit 141 digitally determines the signal power associated with a specific transmission frame or slot. Receive data.

[0074] The voltage estimation circuit 142 uses the multiple adjusted output voltages of the MLS switching circuit 121. The system is configured to estimate the desired voltage level of one or more adjusted output voltages based on the estimated power. The MLS programming circuit 143 performs the MLS switching cycle based on the estimated voltage. It operates to program path 121. In the illustrated embodiment, the MLS switch The programming circuit 121 is programmed via an interface separate from the SPI bus. In another embodiment, the switching point adaptation circuit 109 uses the SPI bus. Therefore, and / or via other common interfaces with envelope tracking IC102, MLS Program the switching circuit 121.

[0075] Although one embodiment of a switching point adapting circuit is shown, the teachings herein This can also be applied to switching point-adapted circuits implemented in a wide variety of ways.

[0076] Figure 3B is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the envelope tracking system 160. Stem 160 consists of envelope tracking IC 152, first modulator output filter 104a, and second modulator Output filter 104b, first envelope shaping circuit 105a, second envelope shaping circuit 105b, 1. Envelope signal conditioning circuit 106a, 2. Envelope signal conditioning circuit 106b, switching point adjustment circuit 109, first decoupling capacitor 111 ~Includes each of the fourth decoupling capacitors 114 and the inductor 117. Envelope The line tracking system 160 is for the first power amplifier module 101a. Supply voltage V PA1 , and the power supply power for the second power amplifier module 101b Pressure V PA2 Generates.

[0077] In the illustrated embodiment, the envelope tracking IC 152 is connected to the MLS switching circuit 121. Digital control circuit 122, first baseband MLS modulator 123a, second baseband MLS Includes modulator 123b, first modulator control circuit 124a, and second modulator control circuit 124b .

[0078] The envelope tracking system 160 in Figure 3B is similar to the envelope tracking system 150 in Figure 3A. However, the envelope tracking system 160 generates numerous modulations in order to generate numerous power amplifier supply voltages. One implementation uses a common or shared MLSDC / DC converter used in combination with the device. It differs in that it includes examples.

[0079] In a given implementation example, the regulated voltage from the MLSDC / DC converter is 2 or more power The power amplifier supply voltage for the amplifier is processed by two or more MLS modulators. In a given implementation example, the switching point matching circuit is amplified by a power amplifier. The adjusted voltage is controlled based on the maximum signal power.

[0080] Figure 4 shows voltage-to-time graphs for five examples of signal waveforms at different power levels. The examples shown are , 5 levels of MCS0 with a 30MHz power supply filter bandwidth and 20MHzW It is drawn on the LAN waveform.

[0081] As shown in Figure 4, the five voltage levels in this example are the minimum and maximum voltage levels. The large value is set based on the signal amplitude so that it matches the minimum and maximum values ​​of the time-varying waveform. For example Figure 4 shows five different amplitude-versus-time pulses for five different average powers. Draw a voltage scale.

[0082] Figure 5A is a graph of an example of power amplifier supply voltage versus input power. This example is adapted. The voltage table does not show a voltage scale for 24 dBm power. Multiple voltage steps are shown. It exists between 0.7V and 5.5V, with 5.5V corresponding to a maximum peak power of 35dBm. It meets the average output power requirement of 30.5 dBm for a typical LTE waveform.

[0083] Figure 5B shows an example of power added efficiency (PAE) versus output power for various signal waveforms. It's rough.

[0084] A single voltage is selected for each power on the x-axis, and as a result, a given voltage at each power is selected. The efficiency curve selected is obtained. The combination of single voltages selected for each power is , a jagged overlay efficiency curve representing the achievable power amplifier efficiency for the system Draw a line.

[0085] This example shows the results for various waveforms, with approximately 35% power amplification at 24 dBm. This represents the efficiency average.

[0086] Figure 6A is a graph of another example of power amplifier supply voltage versus input power. This example is adapted. The voltage scale for a 24 dBm power is shown using an example of voltage steps. The peak power is between 1.7V and 2.7V, with 2.7V being the maximum peak power of 28.5dBm. It supports this and meets an average output power of 24 dBm for a typical LTE waveform.

[0087] Figure 6B is a graph of other examples of PAE versus output power for various signal waveforms. The example shows results for various waveforms, with a power amplifier efficiency of approximately 42% at 24 dBm. This is the average. This represents a significant improvement over the 35% efficiency number associated with Figure 5B. This is achieved by selecting a low voltage precisely matched to an average transmit power of 24 dBm. The power amplifier efficiency is significantly improved.

[0088] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a portable device 800 according to another embodiment. Portable device 80 0 is the baseband system 801, transceiver 802, front-end system 803, A Tanker 804, power management system 805, memory 806, user interface 807, and includes battery 808.

[0089] Mobile device 800 supports 2G, 3G, 4G (LTE, LTE Advanced, and LTE). (Including Advanced Pro), 5G, WLAN (e.g., Wi-Fi), WPAN (e.g., B Bluetooth® and ZigBee®, WMAN (e.g., Wi-Fi) Using a wide variety of communication technologies, including but not limited to Max, and / or GPS technology. It can be used to communicate.

[0090] The transceiver 802 generates an RF signal for transmission and receives incoming signals from the antenna 804. It processes RF signals. It is understood that this is related to the transmission and reception of RF signals. Various functions are represented collectively as one or more components, such as the transceiver 802, in Figure 7. This can be achieved by handling a predetermined type of RF signal. A separate component (e.g., a separate circuit or die) may be provided.

[0091] The front-end system 803 transmits to and / or to antenna 804 It assists in conditioning the signals received from. In the illustrated embodiment, front The end system 803 includes a power amplifier (PA) 811, a low-noise amplifier (LNA) 812, This includes a filter 813, a switch 814, and a duplexer 815. However, other Implementation examples are also possible.

[0092] For example, the front-end system 803 amplifies the transmitted signal, amplifies the received signal, and signals Filtering, switching between different bandwidths, switching between different power modes, transmission Switching between transmit mode and receive mode, signal duplexing (redundancy), signal Multiplexing (e.g., diplexing or triplexing), It can provide a certain number of functions, including but not limited to any combination of these. can.

[0093] In a given implementation example, the mobile device 800 supports carrier aggregation. Therefore, flexibility is gained to increase the peak data rate. The technologies used are frequency-division duplexing (FDD) and time-division duplexing (TDD). It can be used for both, so it can aggregate multiple carriers or channels. Carrier aggregation can be used to perform the following actions within the same operating frequency band. This includes continuous aggregation where successive carriers are combined. Carrier aggregation is non-contiguous. It may also include carriers whose frequencies are separated within a common band or in different bands.

[0094] The multiple antennas 804 include antennas used for a wide variety of communication types. For example, antenna 804 receives signals associated with a wide variety of frequencies and communication standards. This may include an antenna associated with the transmission and / or reception of [the signal].

[0095] In a given implementation example, antenna 804 is used for MIMO communication and / or switched diverter - Supports city communication. For example, MIMO communication uses a single radio frequency channel. Therefore, multiple antennas are used to communicate multiple data streams. MIMO communication is wireless Due to spatial multiplexing of the environment, a high signal-to-noise ratio and improved coding Benefit from ding and / or signal interference reduction. Switched diversity is This refers to communications in which a specific antenna is selected to operate at a specific time. For example, observation bits Identifying from a group of antennas based on various factors such as error rate and / or signal strength index. A switch can be used to select the antenna.

[0096] The portable device 800 can operate with beamforming in a given implementation example. For example, the front-end system 803 has a variable phase controlled by the transceiver 802. It may include a phase shifter having . Additionally, the phase shifter uses antenna 804 It is controlled to give beam formation and directionality for transmission and / or reception of signals. For example, in the context of signal transmission, the phase of the transmitted signal given to antenna 804 is... The signals emitted from Na804 are combined using constructive and destructive interference. Aggregated transmission exhibiting beam-like quality with controlled, strong signal intensity propagating in a given direction. A signal is generated. In the context of signal reception, phase refers to the direction from which the signal is received by the antenna. It is controlled so that a large amount of signal energy is received when it reaches 804. In this example, antenna 804 has one or more arrays to enhance beamforming Includes antenna elements.

[0097] The baseband system 801 handles various user input / output (I / O) such as voice and data. It is coupled to a user interface 807 that facilitates processing. Baseband system 80 1 provides a digital representation of the transmission signal to the transceiver 802, which then processes it. A RF signal for transmission is generated. The baseband system 801 also transmits to the transceiver 802. Furthermore, it also processes the digital representation of the received signal. As shown in Figure 7, the mobile device To facilitate the operation of the S800, the baseband system 801 is coupled to the memory 806. .

[0098] Memory 806 is intended to facilitate the operation of the portable device 800 and / or to store user information. To provide storage, it is used for a wide variety of purposes, such as storing data and / or instructions. It is possible.

[0099] The power management system 805 provides a certain number of power management functions for the mobile device 800. The force management system 805 is an MLS envelope tracker implemented according to one or more features of the present disclosure. It may include 860.

[0100] As shown in Figure 7, the power management system 805 receives the battery voltage from the battery 808. Battery 808 is a lithium-ion battery, for example, for use in the portable device 800. Any suitable battery containing [specific components / features] may be used.

[0101] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a communication system 950 that transmits RF signals. The signal system 950 includes a battery 901, an MLS envelope tracker 902, a power amplifier 903, and a direction indicator. Sex coupler 904, duplexing switching circuit 905, antenna 906, base Bandwidth processor 907, signal delay circuit 908, digital pre-distortion (DPD) Circuit 909, I / Q modulator 910, observation receiver 911, intermodulation detection circuit 912, envelope Delay circuit 921, coordinate rotation digital calculation (CORDIC) circuit 922, shaping circuit 923, Includes a digital-to-analog converter 924 and a reconfiguration filter 925.

[0102] The communication system 950 in Figure 8 is an envelope tracking system implemented according to one or more features of the present disclosure. An example of an RF system that may include a stem is shown. However, the teachings here are diverse. It is applicable to RF systems implemented in such a manner.

[0103] The baseband processor 907 processes a sine wave or sinusoidal signal of desired amplitude, frequency, and phase. It operates to generate in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) signals corresponding to the signal components. For example, the I signal and the Q signal provide equivalent representations of sine waves. In a given implementation example, the I signal The 1 and 2 signals are output in digital format. The baseband processor 907 is a baseband processor. Any suitable processor for processing signals may be used. For example, a baseband processor 90 7 is a digital signal processor, microprocessor, programmable core, or This may include any combination of these.

[0104] The signal delay circuit 908 provides an adjustable delay to the I signal and the Q signal, and the envelope tracer 902 The differential envelope signals ENV_p and ENV_n are given to the power amplifier 903 and R is given to the power amplifier 903. F signal RF IN It assists in controlling the relative consistency with the signal delay circuit 908. The amount is controlled based on the amount of intermodulation in adjacent bands detected by the intermodulation detection circuit 912.

[0105] The DPD circuit 909 digitally processes the delayed I and Q signals from the signal delay circuit 908. This process applies shape to generate digitally pre-distorted (DPD) I and Q signals. It operates in such a way. In the illustrated embodiment, the DPD provided by the DPD circuit 909 is phase The DPD circuit 909 is controlled based on the amount of intermodulation detected by the intermodulation detection circuit 912. , reducing distortion of power amplifier 903 and / or increasing the efficiency of power amplifier 903 It plays the role of adding something.

[0106] The I / Q modulator 910 receives the digitally pre-distorted I and Q signals. These signals are RF signals. IN It is processed to generate, for example, an I / Q modulator. The 910 converts the digitally pre-distorted I and Q signals into analog format. A DAC configured to transmit analog I and Q signals to radio frequency (RF) A mixer that performs upconversion combines the upconverted I and Q signals to form an RF signal. No. RF IN It may include a signal coupler. In a given implementation example, the I / Q modulator 910 This is one or more filters configured to filter the frequency components of the signal being processed. It may include.

[0107] The envelope delay circuit 921 delays the I and Q signals from the baseband processor 907. Additionally, the CORDIC circuit 922 processes the delayed I and Q signals. RF signal RF IN A digital envelope signal representing the envelope is generated. Figure 8 shows CORDI Although one implementation example using circuit C 922 is shown, the envelope signal can be acquired in other ways. It is also possible to do so.

[0108] The shaping circuit 923 shapes the digital envelope signal to improve the performance of the communication system 950. It operates in such a way. In a given implementation example, the shaping circuit 923 shapes the digital envelope signal. Includes a shaping table that maps each level to the corresponding shaped envelope signal level. Shaping helps control the linearity, distortion, and / or efficiency of the power amplifier 903. obtain.

[0109] In the illustrated embodiment, the shaped envelope signal is differentially analogously converted by the DAC924. It is a digital signal converted to an envelope signal. Additionally, a differential analog envelope signal is, The differential envelope of the MLS envelope tracker 902 is filtered by the reconstruction filter 925. The entangled amplifier generates differential envelope signals ENV_p and ENV_n suitable for use. In a given implementation example, the reconfiguration filter 925 includes a differential low-pass filter.

[0110] Although an example of envelope signal transmission is shown, the teachings herein are applicable to envelope signal transmission implemented in a variety of manners. For example, in another example, priority is given to providing digital envelope data to the MLS envelope tracker 902 so that the DAC 924 and the reconstruction filter 925 are omitted. Continuing to refer to FIG. 8, the MLS envelope tracker 902 receives an envelope signal from the reconstruction filter 925 and also receives the battery voltage V from the battery 901, and uses the differential envelope signals ENV_p and ENV_n to generate a power amplifier supply voltage V for the power amplifier 903. The power amplifier supply voltage V varies in relation to the envelope of the RF signal RF. The power amplifier 903 receives the RF signal RF from the I / Q modulator 910 and provides the amplified RF signal RF to the antenna 906 via the duplexing switching circuit 905 in this example. By arranging the directional coupler 904 between the output of the power amplifier 903 and the input of the duplexing switching circuit 905, measurement of the output power of the power amplifier 903 without including the insertion loss of the duplexing switching circuit 905 is allowed. The detected output signal of the directional coupler 904 is provided to the observation receiver 911. The observation receiver 911 provides downconversion to generate downconverted I and Q signals, and generates I observation signals and Q observation signals from the downconverted I and Q signals.

[0111] BATT C C_PA CC_PA IN IN OUT

[0112] ​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​may include a DAC that achieves this.

[0113] The intermodulation detection circuit 912 determines the intermodulation products of the I observed signal and the Q observed signal with the I signal and the Q signal from the baseband processor 907 Additionally, the intermodulation detection circuit 912 controls the DPD provided by the DPD circuit 909 and / or the delay of the signal delay circuit 908 to make the difference between the dynamic envelope signals ENV_p, ENV_n and the RF signal RF IN for relative alignment control. In other embodiments, the intermodulation detection circuit 912 additionally or alternatively controls the delay of the signal delay circuit 92 1.

[0114] By including the feedback path from the output of the power amplifier 903 and the baseband, the I signal and the Q signal can be dynamically adjusted to optimize the operation of the communication system 950 . For example, by configuring the communication system 950 in this manner, power control, compensation for transmitter impairments, and / or assistance in performing DPD can be achieved. Although shown as a single stage, the power amplifier 903 may include one or more stages.

[0115] Furthermore, the teachings herein are also applicable to communication systems including multiple power amplifiers.

[0116] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an MLS modulation system 1050 according to an embodiment. The MLS modulation system 1050 includes a modulator control circuit 1020, an MLSDC / DC converter 1025, a modulator switch bank 1027, and a decoupling capacitor bank 1030.

[0117] The MLS modulation system 1050 of FIG. 9 is suitable for incorporation into a multilevel envelope tracker An example implementation of an MLS modulator circuit is shown. However, the implementation according to the instructions here is not The multilevel envelope tracker may also include implementation examples other than the MLS modulator circuit.

[0118] The MLSDC / DC converter 1025 uses a battery voltage V BATT To provide DC / DC conversion Based on the above, the first adjusted voltage V MLS1 , 2nd adjusted voltage V MLS2 , and the third adjustment Completed voltage V MLS3 It generates. Although an example with three regulated voltages is shown, Furthermore, the MLSDC / DC converter 1025 produces a regulated voltage that is greater or less than this. This may be done. In a given implementation example, at least a portion of the adjusted voltage is the battery voltage V B ATT It is boosted against. Additionally or alternatively, one or more of the regulated voltages are battery power Pressure V BATT This is a buck voltage with a lower voltage than [the specified voltage].

[0119] The decoupling capacitor bank 1030 generates the MLSDC / DC converter 1025 It assists in stabilizing the adjusted voltage. For example, the decoupling capacitor bank in Figure 9. 1030 is the first regulated voltage V MLS1 The first decoupling capacity decouples Ta1031, Second Adjustable Voltage V MLS2 The second decoupling capacity decouples T1032, and the third regulating voltage V MLS3 A third decoupling cable that decouples Includes Pasita 1033.

[0120] Continuing to refer to Figure 9, the modulator switch bank 1027 is the modulator output (MOD OUT ) and the first regulated voltage VMLS1 A first switch 1041 connected between the battery voltage V and the output of the modulator, a second switch 1042 connected between the output of the modulator and the second regulated voltage V, and a third switch 1043 connected between the output of the modulator and the third regulated voltage V are included. The modulator control unit 1020 operates to selectively open and close the switches 1041 to 1043 to control the output of the modulator. and the output of the modulator and the second regulated voltage V MLS2 A second switch 1042 connected between the output of the modulator and the second regulated voltage V, and the output of the modulator and the third regulated voltage V and the output of the modulator and the third regulated voltage V MLS3 A third switch 1043 connected between the output of the modulator and the third regulated voltage V is included. The modulator control unit 1020 operates to selectively open and close the switches 1041 to 1043 to control the output of the modulator. . The modulator control unit 1020 operates to selectively open and close the switches 1041 to 1043 to control the output of the modulator. .

[0121] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an MLSDC / DC converter 1073 according to an embodiment. The MLSDC / DC converter 1073 includes an inductor 1075, a first switch S1, a second switch S2, a third switch S3, a fourth switch S4, a fifth switch S5, and a sixth switch S6. The MLSDC / DC converter 1073 further includes a control circuit (not shown in FIG. 10) for providing regulation of the switch opening and closing. The MLSDC / DC converter 1073 includes an inductor 1075, a first switch S1, a second switch S2, a third switch S3, a fourth switch S4, a fifth switch S5, and a sixth switch S6. The MLSDC / DC converter 1073 further includes a control circuit (not shown in FIG. 10) for providing regulation of the switch opening and closing. A second switch S2, a third switch S3, a fourth switch S4, a fifth switch S5, and a sixth switch S6 are included. The MLSDC / DC converter 1073 further includes a control circuit (not shown in FIG. 10) for providing regulation of the switch opening and closing. A third switch S3, a fourth switch S4, a fifth switch S5, and a sixth switch S6 are included. The MLSDC / DC converter 1073 further includes a control circuit (not shown in FIG. 10) for providing regulation of the switch opening and closing. . The MLSDC / DC converter 1073 further includes a control circuit (not shown in FIG. 10) for providing regulation of the switch opening and closing.

[0122] The MLSDC / DC converter 1073 in FIG. 10 shows an implementation example of an MLSDC / DC converter suitable for incorporation into a multilevel envelope tracker. However, other implementation examples of the MLSDC / DC converter may also be included in the multilevel envelope tracker implemented according to the teachings herein. The MLSDC / DC converter 1073 in FIG. 10 shows an implementation example of an MLSDC / DC converter suitable for incorporation into a multilevel envelope tracker. However, other implementation examples of the MLSDC / DC converter may also be included in the multilevel envelope tracker implemented according to the teachings herein. The multilevel envelope tracker implemented according to the teachings herein may include other implementation examples of the MLSDC / DC converter. .

[0123] In the illustrated embodiment, the first switch S1 includes a first end electrically connected to the battery voltage V and a second end electrically connected to the first end of the second switch S2 and the first end of the inductor 1075. The second switch S2 further includes a second end electrically connected to the first supply or ground supply V. FIG. 10 uses the ground supply and the battery voltage. BATT electrically connected to A first end electrically connected to the battery voltage V and a second end electrically connected to the first end of the second switch S2 and the first end of the inductor 1075 are included. The second switch S2 further includes a second end electrically connected to the first supply or ground supply V. A second end electrically connected to the first supply or ground supply V is included. The second switch S2 further includes a second end electrically connected to the first supply or ground supply V. G ND FIG. 10 uses the ground supply and the battery voltage. Although the configuration of the DC / DC converter to which power is supplied is shown, the teachings here are for the benefit of the user. This can also be applied to DC / DC converters that are powered using an appropriate power supply. Inductor 1075 is further connected to the first terminal of each of the third switch S3 to the sixth switch S6. It includes a second terminal that is electrically connected. The third switch S3 further supplies ground V GND to This also includes the electrically connected second terminal. The fourth switch S4, the fifth switch S5 and the sixth switch Each of the S6 values ​​is the first adjusted voltage V MLS1 , 2nd adjusted voltage V MLS2 and 3 Adjusted voltage V MLS3 It includes a second terminal configured to generate each of them.

[0124] Switches S1 through S6 adjust the regulated voltage to a specific error in the target voltage level. It is selectively switched on and off to maintain within the acceptable range. An example with three regulated voltages is shown. Nevertheless, the MLSDC / DC converter 1073 is more or less than this. It may be implemented to generate a regulated voltage.

[0125] In the illustrated embodiment, the MLSDC / DC converter 1073 uses the battery voltage V BATT Yo To generate a larger regulated boost voltage, and / or battery voltage V BATT Rather It operates as a buck-boost converter capable of generating a small, regulated buck voltage. Yes. However, other implementations are also possible.

[0126] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of an example of timing for MLSDC / DC conversion. As shown in 1, the width of the adjustment cycle is the adjustment generated by the MLSDC / DC conversion. It can be used to control the voltage level of a pre-existing voltage. For example, one MLS adjustment. The first voltage is associated with period t1, while the second regulated voltage is associated with a different period t2. This is possible. Additionally, to avoid cloverling currents between different voltage levels, non-supervised You can also use periodic tovlp.

[0127] In the specified implementation example here, one or more adjustment periods (e.g., t1 and / or t2) and / or one or more non-superimposed periods (e.g., tovlop) are digitally controllable. In the example, the delay is controlled based on a digital state machine and / or other suitable circuitry. ru.

[0128] The regulated voltage generated by the MLSDC / DC conversion is selectively modified by the modulator. It can be applied to the modulator output filter. In the illustrated example, the modulator output filter is The diagram is drawn to include series capacitors C1 and C2 and series inductors L1 and L2. However, other implementation examples of modulator output filters are also possible.

[0129] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of an example of MLS envelope tracing for a continuous wave signal. The example is for a continuous wave signal with a frequency of approximately 100 MHz and a corresponding period of approximately 10 ns. An example of an appropriate MLS voltage level for the signal is shown.

[0130] In conclusion

[0131] Some of the embodiments described above have provided examples related to mobile devices. However, The principles and advantages of these embodiments are applicable to any other system or that requires envelope tracking. It can be used for the device.

[0132] Unless the context explicitly requires otherwise, throughout the entire specification and claims Therefore, terms such as "include" and "equip" have a comprehensive meaning, the opposite of an exclusive or exhaustive meaning. Therefore, it should be interpreted as meaning "including but not limited to ~". Here, generally The term "joining" as used here refers to two or more elements being directly connected or intertwined within one or more elements. It should be noted that they can be connected either via an inter-element. Similarly, here The term "connection," as it is commonly used, refers to two or more elements being directly connected, or one or more elements being connected. It should be noted that the connection may be made via an intermediate element. In addition, the present application When used in this context, the terms "here," "above," "below," and similar terms are used in this context. This refers to the entire application, and not to any specific part of it. Where permitted, the terms in the above detailed explanations that use singular or plural numbers are respectively This may include singular or plural numbers. "Or" and "if" refer to a list of two or more items. The term "kuha" has the following interpretations: any of the items in the list, This covers all items in the stock, and any combination of items in the list. .

[0133] Furthermore, unless specifically stated or understood otherwise within the context in which it is used Insofar as, "can," "maybe," "maybe," "for example" The conditional language used here, such as "like" or "like," generally refers to a given embodiment where This is intended to include specific features, elements, and / or states, but not other embodiments. In other words, such conditional language generally consists of features, elements, and / or states, and one or more implementations. It may exist in any form necessary for its shape, or one or more embodiments may be provided as the author's input. These features, elements, and / or states are included, with or without prompts. The logic for determining whether or not to do so, or whether or not to do so in any particular embodiment It is not intended to imply that it must be included.

[0134] The above description of embodiments of the present invention is not intended to be exhaustive, or the above This invention is not intended to limit the present invention to any specific form of disclosure. The forms and examples are described above for illustrative purposes, but as those skilled in the art will recognize, the present invention Within the given range, various equivalent modifications are possible. For example, if a process or block is in a given order While presented in one example, alternative embodiments execute routines having steps in a different order, and A system with blocks can be used, and some processes or blocks are They may be deleted, moved, added, subdivided, merged and / or modified. These processes or blocks Each of these may be implemented in various different ways. Also, a process or block may be directly While these processes or blocks may be indicated to run in a column, Alternatively, they may be executed in parallel or at different times.

[0135] The teachings of the present invention given herein may not necessarily be limited to the systems described above. It can be applied to the stem. The elements and functions of the various embodiments described above can be further implemented. They may be combined to give them form.

[0136] Although certain embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented only as examples. This disclosure does not intend to limit the scope of this disclosure. In fact, the information described herein is Novel methods and systems may be embodied in various other forms, and furthermore, as described herein. Various omissions, substitutions, and modifications of the methods and system formats used will deviate from the gist of this disclosure. This may be done without. The attached claims and equivalents thereof are within the scope and requirements of this disclosure. It is intended to cover formats or modifications that fit within the main point.

Claims

1. An envelope tracking system, A power amplifier configured to amplify radio frequency signals and to receive power from a power amplifier supply voltage, An envelope tracker configured to generate a power amplifier supply voltage based on an envelope signal corresponding to the envelope of the aforementioned radio frequency signal, Includes, The envelope tracer described above is A DC / DC converter configured to output multiple regulated voltages, A modulator to which the plurality of adjusted voltages and the envelope signal are input, configured to output the power amplifier supply voltage controlled based on the plurality of adjusted voltages and the envelope signal, A switching point adjustment circuit configured to control the voltage level of at least one of the plurality of adjusted voltages based on the power level of the radio frequency signal, Includes, The switching point matching circuit is configured to control the voltage level by controlling the pulse width of the DC / DC converter, and is an envelope tracking system.

2. The envelope tracking system according to claim 1, wherein the switching point matching circuit is configured to control the voltage level of each of the plurality of regulated voltages based on the power level of the radio frequency signal.

3. The envelope tracking system according to claim 1, wherein the switching point matching circuit includes a power estimation circuit configured to estimate the power level of the radio frequency signal based on a signal power value for at least one of a transmit frame or a transmit symbol.

4. The envelope tracking system according to claim 3, wherein the signal power value represents the average power.

5. The envelope tracking system according to claim 3, wherein the signal power value indicates peak power.

6. The envelope tracking system of claim 3, further comprising a voltage estimation circuit configured to estimate a plurality of desired voltage levels associated with the signal power value, wherein the switching point matching circuit further includes a voltage estimation circuit.

7. The envelope tracking system of claim 6, further comprising a programming circuit configured to control the DC / DC converter to output the plurality of regulated voltages, each having a corresponding desired voltage level among the plurality of desired voltage levels.

8. It further includes two or more power amplifiers configured to amplify two or more radio frequency signals, The envelope tracking system according to claim 1, wherein the envelope tracker includes two or more modulators, each configured to receive the plurality of regulated voltages and provide modulation to generate a supply voltage for one of the two or more power amplifiers corresponding to that power amplifier.

9. The envelope tracking system according to claim 8, wherein the switching point matching circuit is configured to control the voltage level based on the maximum power levels of the two or more radio frequency signals.

10. The envelope tracking system according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of regulated voltages has a different voltage level.

11. The envelope tracking system according to claim 1, wherein the modulator includes a plurality of switches, each coupled between the output of the modulator and a corresponding regulated voltage among the plurality of regulated voltages.

12. The system further includes a modulator output filter connected between the output of the modulator and the power amplifier supply voltage, The envelope tracking system according to claim 1, wherein the modulator output filter includes at least one series inductor and at least one shunt capacitor.

13. It is a mobile device, A transceiver configured to generate a radio frequency transmission signal, A front-end circuit including a power amplifier configured to amplify the aforementioned radio frequency transmission signal and to receive power from the power amplifier supply voltage, A power management circuit including an envelope tracker configured to generate a power amplifier supply voltage based on an envelope signal corresponding to the envelope of the aforementioned radio frequency transmission signal, Includes, The envelope tracer described above is A DC / DC converter configured to output multiple regulated voltages, A modulator to which the plurality of adjusted voltages and the envelope signal are input, configured to output the power amplifier supply voltage controlled based on the plurality of adjusted voltages and the envelope signal, A switching point adjustment circuit configured to control the voltage level of at least one of the plurality of adjusted voltages based on the power level of the radio frequency transmission signal, Includes, The switching point matching circuit is configured to control the voltage level by controlling the pulse width of the DC / DC converter in a portable device.

14. The portable device according to claim 13, wherein the switching point adaptation circuit includes a power estimation circuit configured to estimate the power level of the radio frequency transmission signal based on a signal power value for at least one of a transmission frame or a transmission symbol.

15. The portable device of claim 14, wherein the switching point matching circuit further includes a voltage estimation circuit configured to estimate a plurality of desired voltage levels associated with the signal power value.

16. The portable device of claim 15, wherein the switching point adapting circuit further includes a programming circuit configured to control the DC / DC converter to output the plurality of regulated voltages, each having a corresponding desired voltage level among the plurality of desired voltage levels.

17. It includes two or more power amplifiers configured to amplify two or more radio frequency transmission signals, The portable device of claim 13, wherein the envelope tracker includes two or more modulators, each configured to receive the plurality of regulated voltages and provide modulation to generate a supply voltage for one of the two or more power amplifiers corresponding to that power amplifier.

18. The portable device according to claim 17, wherein the switching point matching circuit is configured to control the voltage level based on the maximum power levels of the two or more radio frequency transmission signals.

19. A method of envelope tracing, Amplifying radio frequency signals using a power amplifier, Power is supplied to the power amplifier using the power amplifier supply voltage, Outputting multiple regulated voltages from a DC / DC converter, The plurality of adjusted voltage and envelope signals are input to the modulator, wherein the envelope signals correspond to the envelope of the radio frequency signal. The modulator outputs the power amplifier supply voltage, which is controlled based on the plurality of adjusted voltages and the envelope signal. Controlling the voltage level of at least one of the plurality of regulated voltages based on the power level of the radio frequency signal. Includes, A method for controlling the voltage level, which includes controlling the pulse width of the DC / DC converter.

20. Estimating the power level of the radio frequency signal based on the signal power value for at least one of the transmitted frame or transmitted symbol, To estimate multiple desired voltage levels associated with the aforementioned signal power value. The method of claim 19, further comprising the following:

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