White light lighting fixture for everyday activities that regenerates the retina of the eye damaged by blue light in real time.

Abstract

A white light illuminator for daily activities that regenerates in real time the retina of the eye damaged by blue light comprises at least one blue chip covered by a luminophore having a maximum of radiant energy at a wavelength λ=670 nm-680 nm, and the ratio of the blue spectral component in the wavelength range 400-490 nm to the green spectral component in the wavelength range 490-570 nm is at most 1:1.6, or the ratio of the green spectral component in the wavelength range 490-570 nm to the red spectral component in the wavelength range 570-780 nm is at most 1:3.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This relates to lighting fixtures for daily use that have a retinal repair effect. [Background technology]

[0002] As shown in numerous scientific reviews and publications, the use of red light for general treatment is well known. Red light is used to treat psychological conditions such as seasonal affective disorder, as well as for treating injuries or brain conditions. The treatment of the retina with red light is the subject of many papers, for example, Non-Patent Document 1, "Is light with lack of red spectral components a risk factor for age-related macular degeneration (AND)?". This paper summarizes the harmful effects of blue light and its association with age-related macular degeneration, as well as the potential for treating it with red light. The paper itself concludes, in particular, by stating the following: Despite numerous studies describing the harmful effects of blue light and the healing effects of red light, even individual studies present contradictory results, making it impossible to take a clear stance on this issue. - The ideal "healthy" ratio between the intensities of blue and red light when combined is unknown. The paper primarily examines the effects of each color region separately or sequentially, rather than in combination. -It is not yet possible to utilize knowledge about blue and red light in everyday life- This statement perfectly illustrates the current state of the technology.

[0003] Other papers include, for example, Non-Patent Document 2, which outlines photobiomodulation for the treatment of retinal diseases, or Non-Patent Document 3, which describes how red light in the visual spectrum attenuates cell death in culture and retinal ganglion cell death in situ, or Non-Patent Document 4, which describes mitochondrial signaling in accelerated wound and retinal healing by near-infrared light therapy.

[0004] Most grow lights, including LEDmeGROW, Kindle Grow Lights, or Vova, extend the light spectrum and increase the intensity of the red region. These light sources attempt to simulate the natural radiation of plants and are typically richer in stronger blue and red regions.

[0005] As far as patent documents are concerned, it is already known that combining a white LED light source and a red LED light source either increases the CRI or changes the chromaticity temperature. A representative document is, for example, Patent Document 1, which describes a light source that increases the CRI of a light source obtained by combining a white LED light source and a red LED light source. This patent constitutes the general state of the art in the sense that it combines a white light source and a red light source to increase the CRI.

[0006] Another document, for example, is Patent Document 2, which describes a warm white light source that combines a white LED light source and a red LED. Similar to Patent Document 1, it constitutes the state of the art in the sense that it combines a white light source and a red light source, but its purpose is different: to produce warm white light.

[0007] Furthermore, the most recent document is Patent Document 3, which describes a light source having an adjustable chromaticity temperature, including a white LED light source, a blue LED light source, and a red LED light source, and a light phosphor that converts at least a white LED light source into a lime light source. Similar to the referenced document, this document describes light for purposes other than retinal repair. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] International Publication No. 2011 / 143907 [Patent Document 2] Chinese Patent Application Publication No. 101540362 Specification [Patent Document 3] International Publication No. 2014 / 013462 [Non-patent literature]

[0009] [Non-Patent Document 1] SCHIERZ, Christoph. CIE x046: 2019 Proceedings of the 29th CIE SESSION Washington DC, USA, June 14-22, 2019. 2019 [Non-Patent Document 2] GENEVA, Ivayla I. International journal of Ophthalmology, 2016, 9.1:145 [Non-Patent Document 3] DEL OLMO-AGUADO, Susana; NUNEZ-ALVAREZ, Claudia; OSBORNE, Neville N. Acta Ophthalmologica, 2016, 94.6: e481-e491 [Non-Patent Document 4] A EELLS, Janis T., et al. Mitochondrion, 2004, 4.5-6: 559-567 [Summary of the Invention] [Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

[0010] An illuminating device has been made that provides an immediate repair function to the retina of the eye that is exposed to the danger of dangerous blue light in daily life. [Means for Solving the Problems]

[0011] The repair self is provided by the red component of light in the range of 660 nm to 680 nm. However, when added to a conventional white LED chip having a color temperature of 4000 K and a CRI of 80 - 90, a pinkish hue appears in the emission, which is undesirable in terms of the user experience for most applications. Therefore, models of lighting fixtures with repair components were initially rejected by the applicant. However, one of the inventors accidentally combined a repair red LED chip with a white LED chip having a color temperature of 2700 K and a CRI of 98, and surprisingly, there was no pink coloring in the emission. Instead, warm white light was enhanced, inducing a relaxing atmosphere. This discovery prompted the applicant to investigate why light with a very high proportion of the red spectral component is not affected by the further addition of the repair red chip and does not shift to a pink color. As a result, it was found that when the proportion of the green spectral component in the range of 490 - 570 nm exceeds a certain threshold, the emitted light cannot buffer the addition of any further color spectral component. Instead, it causes the decomposition of the emitted white light into its individual components according to their respective advantages. For example, for a lighting fixture assembled from a white LED chip with a CCT of 4000 K and a CRI of 98, when a red LED chip having 0.48% of the lux is added to the white chip, the emission was found to turn pink because the proportion of the green component of the spectrum exceeded a threshold of 1.6 with respect to the proportion of the blue component (see Spectrum A).

[0012] For a lighting fixture assembled from a white LED chip with CT 4000K and CRI 98, when a blue chip having a peak at 475 nm and a lux contribution of 3.9% to the white chip, a turquoise LED chip having a peak at 495 nm and a lux contribution of 9.54% to the white chip, and a lime chip with a main emission wavelength of 490 - 570 nm are added, the emission was strong in green (see Spectrum D).

[0013] However, when a blue component was added so that the ratio of blue to green was 1:1.6, the emission became white again. Therefore, by adjusting the blue-to-green ratio to a maximum value of 1:1.6, as soon as the proportion of green increases beyond this limit (see spectrum D2), adding any color compared to white light will visually change the hue.

[0014] Another observed phenomenon was found in a luminaire assembled from warm white LED chips with a CCT of 2700K and a CRI of 98, which, by themselves, emitted relatively warm white light, and therefore, it was expected that the emission would be pink. However, quite surprisingly, this did not happen. A remarkably relaxed warm white radiant luminaire was constructed that did not give any impression of pink at all. Subsequently, it was found that the ratio of the green spectral component to the red spectral component also plays an important role. More precisely, the ratio of green to red is 1:3 or greater. Thus, for example, the green component is 1 part and the red component is at least 3 parts. Then, the addition of a restorative red LED chip provides so-called buffering, ensuring that the light source remains warm white.

[0015] Furthermore, these findings confirm the difference between the spectrum of D) and the spectrum of D2). Spectrum D) represents a prototype luminaire assembled from a white LED chip with CCT 4000K and CRI 98, a cognitive-enhancing blue LED chip, a cognitive-enhancing turquoise LED chip, a green LED chip, and a red rejuvenation chip. Subjective testing revealed that this spectrum was significantly green by all evaluators. However, the moment an additional blue LED chip (represented here by the D2 spectrum) is added to this prototype luminaire, the ratio of the green spectral component to the blue spectral component drops to less than 1.6, precisely 1.4, and the emission is no longer affected by the high proportion of green, and the luminaire emits white light.

[0016] The lighting fixtures configured in this way were subjected to in vitro tests to examine their effects on retinal cells of the eye, specifically cell viability, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, and oxygen radical generation upon irradiation of R28 tissue cultures. Lighting fixtures CH), D2), single blue LED chips, and white LED chips with 4000K and CRI 98 prototypes were tested.

[0017] Blue LED chips alone were found to significantly damage these cells, reducing their viability by up to 64% compared to controls in the dark. White LED chips did not damage the cells as much, and while viability decreased to 82% compared to control cells cultured in the dark, it was still very strong considering that users of LED lighting are constantly exposed to this light emission. Prototype lighting fixture D2) had a cognitive-enhancing effect, i.e., it contained a relatively high percentage of blue spectral components and showed very favorable results, with no damage to retinal cells during its application, and these samples were only slightly, exactly 13%, better in condition compared to control cells. Even better results were obtained when prototype lighting fixture CH) containing a lower percentage of blue spectral components not only did not damage retinal cells, but their vitality was 32% higher than that of control cells cultured in the dark.

[0018] Similarly, mitochondrial membrane depolarization was also measured and compared by observing the effect of light on mitochondrial damage. Mitochondrial vitality was significantly increased by the novel real-time regenerative lighting fixtures, with vitality being exactly 28% higher under the influence of prototype lighting fixture D2 and 100% higher under the influence of prototype lighting fixture CH compared to control cells cultured in the dark. In contrast, the amount of healthy, viable mitochondria was 48% and 22% lower under the influence of blue and white LED chips compared to the control.

[0019] This leads to the surprising conclusion that CCT, with its high color rendering fidelity of CRI 95.6, can also repair previously damaged retinal cells under comfortable warm white lighting of 2486K.

[0020] In Example 6A, the effects of blue and red light were further found and demonstrated to be significant in the growth or division of retinal system R28 cells. Quantitative differences in viable cells were monitored over time under the influence of illumination from blue, white, D2, and CH illuminators. Blue light induced rapid apoptosis, while the red light component neutralized the effect of blue light, ensuring increased cell viability, which resulted in significant cell proliferation in a relatively short time. The state of cells was monitored under blue light until the sample set disintegrated, i.e., 600 minutes. Under CH illuminators, i.e., warm white light with regenerative components, cells exhibited high vitality, and their number was 1 * 10 5 from 1.8 * 10 6 The levels increased, and then nutrient depletion occurred because the experiment was conducted in a seeding manner. Another finding is that the cognitive enhancement lighting device D2 never causes damage to the retina of the eye, despite a high proportion of blue components and added red spectral components from the 670-680 nm region. On the contrary, the effects are still regenerative.

[0021] The surprising and astonishing conclusion is that simply using the lighting fixture according to the present invention, at least with a white LED chip together with a red chip, may result in the regeneration of retinal cells in the eye.

[0022] In addition to the lighting fixtures according to the present invention, Example 6B also investigates the effects of the most commonly used cognitive-enhancing lighting fixtures currently available, which also attempts to balance the emission spectrum. The following parameters: Power density (λ=480nm)=240μW / cm 2 , power density (λ=670nm)=98μW / cm 2 , I = 40~60mA Nasri LED: LED 6500K CRI93 (Primary energy λ≈450nm) Sunlight: LED 4000K CRI95 (Primary energy λ≈420nm) LED 480: 4000K CRI80 (Primary energy λ≈450nm) D2 LED 4900K CRI 95670nm (Primary energy λ ≈ multiplier) Test lighting fixtures having the following characteristics: The commercially available lighting fixture closest to the present invention, the cognitive-enhancing lighting fixture D2, was compared to the present invention. Both of these lighting fixtures induced cell apoptosis after approximately 200 minutes of irradiation. In contrast, the D2 lighting fixture ensured that the number of viable cells increased again to the original value after decreasing to half the amount of seeded cells. The subsequent decrease was already expected and appears to be due to a decrease in nutrients in the sample.

[0023] Terms used: Blue spectral component: The light source emits light energy in the wavelength range of 400-490 nm. Green spectral component: The light source emits light energy in the wavelength range of 490-570 nm. Red spectral component: The light source emits light energy in the wavelength range of 570-780 nm. Cognitive-enhancing blue LED chip: An LED chip that emits light energy in the range of 470-480nm. Cognitive Enhancement Turquoise LED Chip: An LED chip that emits light energy in the range of 490-500nm. Blue LED chip: An LED chip that emits light energy in the range of at least 420-460nm. Red repair LED chip: An LED chip that emits maximum light energy at a wavelength of λ=670~680nm. Green LED chip: An LED chip that emits light energy in the range of at least 500nm to 660nm, with a maximum at λ = 500 to 580nm.

[0024] Configuration of the assembled prototype lighting fixture: A) A light source illuminator with a CCT of 3797 and a CRI of 97.1 was assembled from a white LED chip having a CCT of 4110K and a CRI of 97.5, with an illuminance ratio at 95.32% relative input power and 99.52% lux, and a red restoration LED chip having a relative input power of 4.68% and a lux ratio of 0.48%.

[0025] B) The light source illuminator with a CCT of 3741 and a CRI of 88.4 was assembled from a white LED chip having a CCT of 4021K and a CRI of 85.2, with a relative input power of 89.61% and an illuminance ratio of 99.16% lux, and a red restoration LED chip having a relative input power of 10.39% and a lux ratio of 0.84%.

[0026] The light source illuminator C)4681 having a CCT and a CRI of 86.5 was assembled from a white LED chip having a CCT of 4108K and a CRI of 97.7, with a relative input power of 72.13% and an illuminance ratio of 86.15% lux; a cognitive-enhancing blue LED chip having a relative input power of 12.12% and an illuminance ratio of 3.9% lux; a cognitive-enhancing turquoise LED chip having a relative input power of 12.37% and an illuminance ratio of 9.54% lux; and a red-restorative LED chip having a relative input power of 3.37% and a lux ratio of 0.40%.

[0027] D) The light source illuminator having a CCT of 4583 and a CRI of 92.6 was assembled from a white LED chip having a CCT of 4116K and a CRI of 97.6, with a relative input power of 69.29% and an illuminance ratio of 70.28% lux; a cognitive-enhancing blue LED chip having a relative input power of 7.58% and an illuminance ratio of 2.14% lux; a cognitive-enhancing turquoise LED chip having a relative input power of 6.15% and an illuminance ratio of 4.05% lux; a green LED PC lime chip having a relative input power of 12.51% and an illuminance ratio of 23.04% lux; and a red rejuvenation LED chip having a relative input power of 4.68% and a lux ratio of 0.48%.

[0028] The D2) Light source luminaire with a CCT of 4865 and a CRI of 96 was assembled from a white LED chip having a CCT of 4116K and a CRI of 97.6, with an illuminance ratio at 66.25% relative input power and 69.83% lux; a blue 440nm LED chip with a relative input power of 2.93% and a lux ratio of 0.22%; a cognitive-enhancing blue 475nm LED chip with a relative input power of 8.7% and a lux ratio of 2.55%; a cognitive-enhancing turquoise 495nm LED chip with a relative input power of 5.88% and a lux ratio of 4.02%; a green PC lime LED chip with a relative input power of 11.96% and a lux ratio of 22.9%; and a red rejuvenation LED chip with a relative input power of 4.28% and a lux ratio of 0.48%.

[0029] The light source luminaire E)4374 with a CCT and a CRI of 89.6 was assembled from a purple LED chip with a relative input power of 24.38% and a lux illuminance ratio of 12.63%, a blue 440nm LED chip with a relative input power of 3.24% and a lux ratio of 0.23%, a cognitive-enhancing blue 475nm LED chip with a relative input power of 13.07% and a lux ratio of 3.23%, a cognitive-enhancing turquoise 495nm LED chip with a relative input power of 13.5% and a lux ratio of 7.65%, a green PC lime LED chip with a relative input power of 37.75% and a lux ratio of 71.81%, an orange PC amber LED chip with a relative input power of 3.15% and a lux ratio of 3.93%, and a red rejuvenation LED chip with a relative input power of 4.91% and a lux ratio of 0.51%.

[0030] A light source luminaire with a CCT of 5120 and a CRI of 95.1 was assembled from a white LED chip having a CCT of 5141K and a CRI of 96.8, with a relative input power of 96.92% and an illuminance ratio of 98.76% lux; a cognitive-enhancing blue LED chip having a relative input power of 0.97% and an illuminance ratio of 0.52% lux; a cognitive-enhancing turquoise LED chip having a relative input power of 0.31% and an illuminance ratio of 0.41% lux; and a red-restorative LED chip having a relative input power of 1.8% and a lux ratio of 0.32%.

[0031] The light source illuminator with a CCT of 4932 and a CRI of 98.6 was assembled from white LED chips having a CCT of 5141K and a CRI of 96.8, with an illuminance ratio at 100% relative input power and 100% lux.

[0032] The H)4169 light source illuminator with a CCT of 4169 and a CRI of 92.4 was assembled from a white LED chip having a CCT of 4110K and a CRI of 97.5, with an illuminance ratio at 89.81% relative input power and 99.10% lux, a blue LED chip having a relative input power of 4.4% and a lux ratio of 0.47%, and a red restoration LED chip having a relative input power of 4.40% and a lux ratio of 0.47%.

[0033] The light source illuminator with CH)2486 CCT and 95.6 CRI was assembled from a white LED chip having a CCT of 2653K and 96.2 CRI, with an illuminance ratio of 95.23% relative input power and 99.31% lux, and a red restoration LED chip having a relative input power of 4.77% and a lux ratio of 0.69%.

[0034] I) A light source illuminator with a CCT of 2725 and a CRI of 88.8 was assembled from a white LED chip having a CCT of 2653K and a CRI of 96.2, with an illuminance ratio of 85.31% relative input power and 98.51% lux, a blue LED chip having a relative input power of 8.25% and a lux ratio of 0.73%, and a red restoration LED chip having a relative input power of 6.44% and a lux ratio of 0.76%.

[0035] The advantage of lighting fixtures for daily activities that regenerate the retina of the eye in real time is that, under the set conditions of the ratio of blue, green, and red spectral components, such lighting fixtures immediately neutralize the dangerous adverse effects of blue light, making it possible to use light sources with a higher ratio of blue spectral components excited at lower wavelengths, i.e., 440 nm, 420 nm, or even 400 nm.

[0036] The ratio of luminosity in lux was used solely for comparison between spectra in the proposed constant measurement system.

[0037] overview: A white light illuminator for daily activities that regenerates the retina of an eye damaged by blue light in real time includes at least one white LED chip with a chromaticity temperature of 2100K to 5000K and at least one red chip having a maximum radiant energy at a wavelength λ = 670nm to 680nm. The ratio of the blue spectral component in the wavelength range of 400-490 nm to the green spectral component in the wavelength range of 490-570 nm is at most 1:1.6, or The minimum ratio of the green spectral component in the wavelength range of 490-570 nm to the red spectral component in the wavelength range of 570-780 nm is 1:3.

[0038] Preferably, the ratio of the blue spectral component in the wavelength range of 400 to 490 nm to the green spectral component in the wavelength range of 490 to 570 nm is 1:1 to 1.6.

[0039] Preferably, the ratio of the green spectral component in the wavelength range of 490 to 570 nm to the red spectral component in the wavelength range of 570 to 780 nm is 1:3 to 5.

[0040] Preferably, the blue chip covered with the light-emitting phosphodiol is a white LED chip having a chromaticity temperature of 2700-4000K and a CRI of at least 90.

[0041] Preferably, the ratio between spectral components is mW / m 2 It is represented as follows.

[0042] The white light illuminator preferably includes a blue chip having peak emission in the wavelength range λ = 420 to 450 nm.

[0043] The white light illuminator preferably includes a cognitive-enhancing blue LED chip having peak emission in the wavelength range λ=470~480nm and a cognitive-enhancing turquoise chip having peak emission in the wavelength range λ=490~500nm.

[0044] The white light illuminator preferably includes a green chip having a radiant light energy in the range of at least 500 nm to 660 nm and a maximum value at λ = 500 to 580 nm. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0045] [Figure 1-1] Individual spectral components, illuminator A) [Figure 1-2] Individual spectral components, illuminator B) [Figure 1-3] Individual spectral components, illuminating fixture C) [Figure 1-4] Individual spectral components, illuminator D) [Figure 1-5] Individual spectral components, illuminator D2) [Figure 1-6] Individual spectral components, illuminating fixture E) [Figure 1-7] Individual spectral components, illuminating fixture F) [Figure 1-8] Individual spectral components, illuminating fixture G) [Figure 1-9] Individual spectral components, illuminating fixture H) [Figure 1-10] Individual spectral components, lighting fixture CH) [Figure 1-11] Individual spectral components, illuminating fixtures I) [Figure 2] Comparison of individual light spectra and properties [Figure 3-1] The individual components of the spectrum displayed for each chip A) [Figure 3-2] The individual components of the spectrum displayed for each chip B) [Figure 3-3] The individual components of the spectrum displayed for each chip C) [Figure 3-4] The individual components of the spectrum displayed for each chip D) [Figure 3-5] The individual components of the spectrum displayed for each chip D2) [Figure 3-6] The individual components of the spectrum displayed for each chip E) [Figure 3-7] The individual components of the spectrum displayed for each chip G) [Figure 3-8] The individual components of the spectrum displayed for each chip H) [Figure 3-9] The individual components of the spectrum displayed for each chip (CH) [Figure 3-10] The individual components of the spectrum displayed for each chip I) [Figure 4-1] Individual components of the spectrum having the ratio of spectral component A) [Figure 4-2] Individual components of the spectrum having the ratio of spectral component B) [Figure 4-3] Individual components of the spectrum having a ratio of spectral components CH [Figure 4-4] Individual components of the spectrum having the ratio of spectral component D2) [Figure 5-1] Verification of the components of individual lighting fixtures A) to I) [Figure 5-2] Verification of the components of individual lighting fixtures A) to I) [Figure 6] Prototypes of lighting fixtures A) to I) and their evaluation [Figure 7] Color ratios of lighting fixtures A), B), H), CH), D2) [Figure 8] Testing of lighting fixtures A), B), CH), and D2) in tissue cultures according to Example 5B [Figure 9-1] Tests of illumination A), B), CH), and D2) in tissue cultures according to Example 5C, and the degree of mitochondrial damage after phototreatment. [Figure 9-2] Tests of illumination A), B), CH), and D2) in tissue cultures according to Example 5C, and the degree of mitochondrial damage after phototreatment. [Figure 9-3] Illumination tests A), B), CH), and D2) in tissue cultures according to Example 5C, and the degree of mitochondrial health after light treatment. [Figure 9-4]Test of illuminations A), B), CH), D2) in tissue cultures according to Example 5C, degree of mitochondrial integrity after light treatment [Figure 10] Test of illuminations A), B), CH), D2) in tissue cultures according to Example 5D [Figure 11] Light output of blue and red components of the illuminations used in the tests according to Example 5 [Figure 12A] Number of viable cells over time [Figure 12B] Quantitative change in the number of viable cells after irradiation with a light source over time [Figure 13A] Quantitative change in the number of viable cells after irradiation with a light source over time [Figure 13B] Individual spectral components

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0046] Example 1 Prototype of illumination A The prototype illumination was assembled. The PCB had 16 white LED chips with a CCT of 4110K and a CRI of 97.5. The input power per chip was 360 mW, the illuminance was 636.6 lux, λp was 455 nm, and λpV was 12.22 mW / m 2 . For these white chips, the total input power was 5760 mW, the total illuminance was 10185.6 lux, and one red repair LED chip had an input power per chip of 282.5 mW, an illuminance of 48.75 lux, λp was 677 nm, and λpV was 54.85 mW / m 2 . Thus, the total input power of the illumination was 6042.5 mW, and the total illuminance was 10234.35 lux. Thus, the white chips accounted for 95.32% of the relative input power and 99.52% of the relative illuminance, and the red repair chips accounted for 4.68% of the relative input power and 0.48% of the relative illuminance of the entire illumination.

[0047] The prototype lighting fixture constructed in this manner was subjected to subjective evaluation, and it was concluded that the fixture emitted a pleasant white light, but all evaluators perceived it as pink. Furthermore, the perceived color temperature (CCT) was rated as neutral white. Therefore, it was concluded that the light emitted by this lighting fixture has a chromatic temperature that is perceived as neutral white, neither cool nor warm. This means that the addition of the red-correcting LED chip did not make the white light warmer, but rather changed it to a pinkish color.

[0048] The ratio of blue to green spectral components is 1:1.7, which already exceeds the limits of light buffering. Therefore, the addition of a red LED chip does not mix with / blend into the existing light, but has a completely independent and separate effect on the subjective evaluation of the light shade.

[0049] Example 2: Prototype of lighting fixture B) The prototype lighting fixture was assembled, and the PCB contains 16 white LED chips with CCT 4110K and CRI 85.2. The input power per chip is 352.58mW, the illuminance is 886.4 lux, the λp is 455nm, and the λpV is 16.27mW / m 2 For these white chips, the total input power was 5641.28mW and the total illuminance was 14182.4 lux. The three red restoration LED chips had an input power of 218mW per chip, an illuminance of 40.17 lux, a λp of 676nm, and a λpV of 45.45mW / m 2 Therefore, the total input power of the luminaire was 6295.28 mW, and the total illuminance was 14302.91 lux. Thus, the white chip accounted for 89.61% of the relative input power and 99.16% of the relative illuminance, while the red restoration chip accounted for 10.39% of the relative input power and 0.84% ​​of the relative illuminance of the entire luminaire.

[0050] The prototype lighting fixture constructed in this manner was subjected to subjective evaluation, and it was concluded that it emitted a pleasant, colorless white light. Furthermore, the perceived color temperature (CCT) was evaluated as neutral white. Therefore, it was concluded that the light emitted by this lighting fixture has a chromatic temperature that is perceived as neutral white, neither cool nor warm. This means that the addition of red restoration LED chips did not make the white light warmer or change it to a pinkish color.

[0051] The ratio of blue to green spectral components was 1:1.6, which is the upper limit of the light buffering capacity, and the addition of red LED chips blended in without affecting the existing light.

[0052] Example 3: Prototype of lighting fixture CH) The prototype lighting fixture was assembled, and the PCB contains 16 white LED chips with CCT 2653K and CRI 96.2. The input power per chip is 360mW, the illuminance is 511.1 lux, the λp is 635nm, and the λpV is 12.55mW / m 2 For these white LED chips, the total input power was 5760mW and the total illuminance was 8177.6 lux. The two red LED chips had an input power of 144.2mW per chip, an illuminance of 28.5 lux, a λp of 675nm, and a λpV of 33.21mW / m 2 Therefore, the total input power of the luminaire was 6048.4 mW, and the total illuminance was 8234.6 lux. Thus, the white chip accounted for 95.23% of the relative input power and 99.31% of the relative illuminance, while the red restoration chip accounted for 4.77% of the relative input power and 0.69% of the relative illuminance of the entire luminaire.

[0053] The prototype lighting fixture constructed in this manner was subjected to subjective evaluation, and it was concluded that it emitted a pleasant, colorless warm white light. Furthermore, the perceived color temperature (CCT) was evaluated as warm white. Therefore, it was concluded that the light emitted by this lighting fixture has a perceived chromaticity temperature of warm white. This means that the addition of the red-correcting LED chip in this case did not interfere with the color of the majority of the warm white LED chips, and mixed only with the white LED chips.

[0054] The ratio of blue to green spectral components is 1:2.8, which exceeds the limit of photobuffering, and therefore the second condition is met: the minimum ratio of green to red spectral components, which is at least 1:3, and in this particular case it is 1:4, and therefore the color of the light is not affected by the addition of a red LED chip.

[0055] Example 4: Prototype of lighting fixture D2) The prototype lighting fixture was assembled, and the PCB has 16 white LED chips with CCT 4116K and CRI 97.6. The power per chip is 291.06mW, the illuminance is 546.4 lux, the λp is 455nm, and the λpV is 10.64mW / m 2 Therefore, if the total power consumption of these white chips is 4656.96mW and the total illuminance is 8742.4 lux, then a single blue monochromatic LED chip with a wavelength of 440nm has an input power per chip of 205.92mW, an illuminance of 27.44 lux, a λp of 437nm, and a λpV of 67.91mW / m 2 The three blue monochromatic LED chips with a wavelength of 475nm have an input power of 203.76mW per chip, an illuminance of 106.4 lux, a λp of 474nm, and a λpV of 34.48mW / m 2 The two turquoise monochromatic LED chips with a wavelength of 495nm have a power of 206.64mW per chip, an illuminance of 251.9 lux, a λp of 498nm, and a λpV of 26.66mW / m 2The three green PC LED chips have a power of 280.17mW per chip, an illuminance of 955.5 lux, a λp of 543nm, and a λpV of 17.45mW / m 2 The two red restoration LED chips have a power of 150.48mW per chip, an illuminance of 30.13 lux, a λp of 675nm, and a λpV of 34.12mW / m 2 Therefore, the total input power of the luminaire was 7028.91 mW, and the total illuminance was 12519.6 lux. Thus, the white chip accounted for 66.25% of the relative input power and 69.83% of the relative illuminance, while the red restoration chip accounted for 60.26% of the relative input power and 0.48% of the relative illuminance of the entire luminaire.

[0056] The prototype lighting fixture constructed in this manner was subjected to subjective evaluation, and it was concluded that it emitted a pleasant, colorless warm white light. Furthermore, the perceived color temperature (CCT) was evaluated as a cool white. Therefore, it was concluded that the light emitted by this lighting fixture has a perceived chromaticity temperature of cool white. This means that the addition of the red-correcting LED chip in this case did not interfere with the color of the white LED chip or other colored LED chips, but merely mixed with the light emitted by the other LED chips.

[0057] The ratio of blue to green spectral components is 1:1.4, which is within the limits of photobuffering; that is, the color of the light is not affected by the addition of a red LED chip.

[0058] Example 5A Prototype lighting fixtures manufactured according to Examples 1-4 were tested in R28 tissue cultures (retinal cell line, Kerafast).

[0059] Cells were pre-grown in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium-DMEM containing high concentrations of glucose and pyruvate, supplemented with 3.3% v / v sodium bicarbonate solution, 10% FBS, 1% MEM non-essential amino acids, 1% MEM vitamins, 1% glutamine, and 1% gentamicin, at 37°C in a 5% CO2 atmosphere.

[0060] A 0.1 ml suspension of cultured R28 cells at a concentration of 80,000 cells / ml was pipetteed into the wells of a 96-well plate, allowed to settle for 24 hours, and then the cells were exposed to different light treatments (Figure 11): - Treatment with CH-CH lighting fixtures - Warm white with added red component, 0.7 mW / m 2 The blue spectral component has an output of 2.6 mW / m². 2 Red spectral component having output - Treatment with D2-D2 lighting fixtures - Cognitive-enhancing daylight white with added red component, 1.9 mW / m 2 The blue spectral component has an output of 1.9 mW / m². 2 Red spectral component having output - Blue - Treatment with a lighting fixture emitting blue light at 440 nm, 23.5 mW / m 2 The blue spectral component has an output of 0.1 mW / m². 2 Red spectral component having output - White light - Treatment with a luminaire emitting white light CCT 4000K and CRI 98, 10.6 mW / m 2 The blue spectral component has an output of 9.3 mW / m². 2 Red spectral component having output -Dark frame processing.

[0061] During the test, the temperature was maintained at 37°C in a 5% CO2 atmosphere.

[0062] Individual lighting fixtures were measured using a spectrophotometer. Cells were subjected to the tests according to Examples 5B to 5D.

[0063] Example 5B: Cell viability Cell viability was evaluated using reduction tests. Cells in a 96-well plate were subjected to CH, D2, blue, white, and dark light treatments for 12 hours each. Dark treatment (T) was selected as the control. (4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) was then added to the wells at a final concentration of 0.5 mg / ml, and the cells were incubated at 37°C for 75 minutes. The medium was then removed, and MTT was reduced by adding 100 μl of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to each well. After stirring the plate for 10 minutes, the optical density was measured in each well at a wavelength of 570 nm. The mean absorbance of the control (T) in each experiment was defined as 100%, and all measurements of the light-treated samples were used as a baseline. The results are shown in Figure 8. It can be seen that blue and white light cause cell damage and a decrease in absorbance. On the other hand, CH and D2 show an effect that supports cell proliferation.

[0064] Example 5C Mitochondrial depolarization To evaluate mitochondrial membrane depolarization, cells were subjected to CH, D2, blue, white, and dark light treatments for 12 hours each. Dark treatment (T) was selected as the control. The culture medium was then removed, and the cells were incubated with JC-1 dye at a final concentration of 2 pg / ml for 30 minutes. Detection was then performed at 590 and 530 nm. The dye accumulated in the mitochondria of healthy cells appeared as red / orange fluorescence at 590 nm. The dye accumulated in the depolarized mitochondrial membranes of damaged cells appeared as green fluorescence at 530 nm. Image analysis was performed from fluorescence microscopy images, and the mean of the control's red and green fluorescence was set to 100%. The results are shown in Figure 9. Figures 9-1 and 9-2 show the degree of mitochondrial damage, with maximum damage caused by blue illumination. White illumination followed in terms of damage, while samples illuminated by CH and D2 illumination showed no damage. In contrast, Figures 9-3 and 9-4 show the degree of mitochondrial vitality support, with mitochondria exhibiting higher vitality after illumination with CH and D2 illuminators than after dark treatment.

[0065] Example 5D: Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactions thereto ROS generation: Cells were subjected to 12 hours of each type of light treatment: CH, D2, blue, white, and dark. Dark treatment (T) was selected as a control. The culture medium was then removed, the culture was rinsed twice with fresh medium, and incubated with dihydroethidium at a final concentration of 40 pM for 20 minutes. The solution was removed, and the cells were rinsed twice with fresh medium. Phase-contrast fluorescence / contrast microscopy images were taken immediately afterward. In the case of ROS generation, red fluorescent chromatin in the nucleus is visible in the image. The images were then subjected to image analysis, and the mean red fluorescence of the control was set to 0. The results are shown in Figure 10. ROS generation is caused by the presence of the blue component of the light spectrum. As expected, samples illuminated by blue illuminators showed the highest ROS, followed by white and D2 illuminators. CH illuminators showed the lowest ROS generation.

[0066] Example 6 R28 tissue culture cells (retinal cell line, Kerafast) were thawed at laboratory temperature for 15 minutes. The cells were then pipetted into 5 ml of DMEM+ medium and centrifuged for 5 minutes. The cell pellet was vortexed in 10 ml of DMEM+ medium, and the suspension was incubated at 37°C in a 5% CO2 incubator for 2 days.

[0067] After 2 days of incubation, the cells were subcultured. The cells were rinsed with 1 ml of EDTA. Then, 1 ml of EDTA and 1 ml of trypsin were added, and the culture bottles thus prepared were incubated at laboratory temperature for 5 minutes. Next, 5 ml of fresh DMEM+ medium was added, and the solution was stirred using a vortex mixer. Half of the suspension was pipetted into a new culture bottle, and fresh DMEM+ medium was added to both bottles until they reached a final volume of 20 ml. The culture bottles thus prepared were placed back into the incubator and incubated at 37°C and 5% CO2 for 3 days. The initial cell concentration after culturing was approximately 519,000–579,000 cells / ml.

[0068] Next, the cells were pipetteed into individual wells of a 12-well plate. Cell proliferation was observed daily under a microscope. Three days later, the cells were placed in a 37°C, 5% CO2 incubator and exposed to various light sources, as specified below, from a light source distance of 400 mm from the well plate. Cells exposed to the light sources were sampled sequentially at different time points. At each time point, cells were collected from one well, processed, and their concentration or number of viable cells was measured. The results were plotted in tables and graphs, shown in Figures 12A, 12B and 13A, 13B.

[0069] Part A) Light source according to the present invention, Figures 12A and 12B: -Blue, 440nm according to the present invention - White, CCT 4000K and CRI 98 according to the present invention -Daylight white, -D2 according to the present invention -Warm white, -CH according to the present invention.

[0070] Part B) Light source according to the present invention, comparison with the State of the Art, Figures 13A and 13B: - Nasri LED, -Sunlight 4000K, -LED 4000 K, CRI 80, -Warm white according to the present invention-CH.

[0071] The specific power of all light sources is the point of maximum sensitivity of melanopic receptors in the non-visual system involved in the body's day / night synchronization, λ 480nm = 240 μW / cm 2 It was normalized to this.

[0072] Industrial applicability Lighting has a reparative effect on the retina of the eye.

Claims

1. A white light illuminator for daily activities that regenerates the retina of the eye damaged by blue light in real time, It is characterized by comprising at least one white LED chip having a chromaticity temperature of 2100K to 5000K, and at least one red chip having a maximum radiant energy at a wavelength λ = 670nm to 680nm. The ratio of the blue spectral component in the wavelength range of 400-490 nm to the green spectral component in the wavelength range of 490-570 nm is at most 1:1.6, or The minimum ratio of the green spectral component in the wavelength range of 490–570 nm to the red spectral component in the wavelength range of 570–780 nm is 1:

3. White light luminaire.

2. A white light illumination device for daily activities that regenerates the retina of an eye damaged by blue light in real time, as described in claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the blue spectral component in the wavelength range of 400 to 490 nm to the green spectral component in the wavelength range of 490 to 570 nm is 1:1 to 1.

6.

3. A white light illuminator for daily activities that regenerates the retina of an eye damaged by blue light in real time, as described in claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the green spectral component in the wavelength range of 490 to 570 nm to the red spectral component in the wavelength range of 570 to 780 nm is 1:3 to 5.

4. A white light illuminator for daily activities that regenerates the retina of an eye damaged by blue light in real time, according to claim 2, characterized in that the white LED chip is a blue chip covered with a light luminescent phosphate having a chromaticity temperature of 2700 to 4000 K and a CRI of at least 90.

5. The ratio between the spectral components is mW / m ２ A white light lighting device for daily activities that regenerates the retina of an eye damaged by blue light in real time, as described in claim 1, characterized by being represented as follows.

6. A white light illumination device for daily activities that regenerates the retina of an eye damaged by blue light in real time, as described in claim 1, characterized by including a blue LED chip having an emission peak in the wavelength range λ = 420 to 450 nm.

7. A white light illumination device for daily activities that regenerates the retina of an eye damaged by blue light in real time, as described in claim 1, characterized by comprising a blue LED chip having an emission peak in the wavelength range λ = 470 to 480 nm and a turquoise LED chip having an emission peak in the wavelength range λ = 490 to 500 nm.

8. A white light illuminator for daily activities that regenerates the retina of an eye damaged by blue light in real time, according to claim 1, characterized by including a green chip having synchrotron radiation energy in the wavelength range of at least 500 nm to 660 nm and having a maximum value at λ = 500 to 580 nm.

Images