Method, forward packet, user equipment, and computer software

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method including: obtaining a first set of radio resources available for forward packet transmission from a first user equipment; obtaining a second set of radio resources available for performing operations related to forward packets; selecting a first radio resource having a first time from among the first set of radio resources, such that at least one second radio resource from the second set is included within a time window having a lower limit after the first time and an upper limit defined according to at least one of the forward packets; and transmitting the forward packet using the first radio resource by the first user equipment.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of wireless communication systems.

[0002] More specifically, this disclosure relates to the field of wireless resource selection. [Background technology]

[0003] Wireless communication systems enable devices to communicate wirelessly. To allow devices from many different manufacturers to interact seamlessly, wireless communication typically conforms to wireless communication standards, such as standards established by the IEEE (e.g., IEEE 802.11 for Wi-Fi communication) or 3GPP® (e.g., 3G, 4G, or 5G standards for cellular network communication).

[0004] Most wireless communication standards rely on the selection of wireless resources for wireless communication. To prevent wireless resources from being used by multiple devices and thus prevent interference in wireless communication, each wireless resource can be assigned to a single wireless device.

[0005] In existing systems, wireless devices request wireless resources when they need to send a message. However, this only provides the wireless resources for sending the message. In certain situations, some further actions are required after the message has been sent. For example: -If the initial transmission fails, you may need to resend the message. - You may need to perform several measurements within a time limit after the message is sent. - You may need to receive a response message within a time limit after the initial message is sent.

[0006] In each of these exemplary scenarios, compliance with time limits depends on the future availability of wireless resources, which is not guaranteed by existing methods of selecting wireless resources.

[0007] For example, some applications used in closed-loop control, such as operational control, are based on operating modes that require the round-trip exchange of information. A round trip is characterized by the transmission of a response or reverse packet, the transmission time and / or content of which are entirely determined by the arrival time and content of the request or forward packet. The performance of such applications then depends on the time of this round trip, i.e., the round-trip time (RTT).

[0008] RTT is an application metric that is not typically recognized at lower layers, such as the access layer. In 5G NR, only the remaining packet delay budget (PDB) for sending data packets or transport blocks is recognized by the physical layer. The PDB is the upper limit of the time a transmitter has to send a packet. Due to radio conditions, some transmissions may fail and require some retransmission. Therefore, it is difficult to know with very high precision the exact time when a packet was successfully received. As a result, the experimentally observed round-trip time may be significantly shorter than the sum of the PDBs from one forward-reverse packet pair to another. Such time-varying RTT, or jitter, is detrimental to the performance of applications.

[0009] Existing solutions cannot guarantee that the Round-Trip Time (RTT) will be met after the initial message is sent. More broadly, existing solutions rely on wireless communication and cannot guarantee that any time constraints associated with the transmission of the initial message will be observed.

[0010] Therefore, a wireless resource selection method is needed that can ensure that the time constraints related to the actions resulting from the transmission of the initial message are met. [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0011] This disclosure aims to improve this situation. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] A method is proposed that includes obtaining a first set of radio resources available for transmitting forward packets from a first user device; obtaining a second set of radio resources available for performing operations related to forward packets; obtaining at least one first radio resource from the first set of radio resources associated with at least one first time so that at least one second radio resource from the second set falls within a time window having a lower limit after the at least one first time; and transmitting the forward packets using the at least one first radio resource by the first user device.

[0013] The radio resources available for transmitting forward packets from the first user device refer to radio resources that the first user device has determined to be suitable for transmitting forward packets. This determination may be performed, for example, by determining whether each radio resource is suitable for transmitting packets by the first user device, or conversely, by excluding resources that have been determined to be unsuitable for transmitting packets. This may be performed, for example, by the first user device screening its environment and / or by the procedures specified in standard TS38.214 / 8.1.4. The screening of the environment may be, for example, a sensing procedure.

[0014] "Forward packet-related operations" refers to operations whose execution is triggered by a forward packet, is expected as a result of transmitting a forward packet, and requires the use of radio resources. For example, such operations may include receiving a backward packet in response to a forward packet, taking measurements on the radio network after the forward packet has been transmitted, or transmitting further forward packets related to the forward packet, such as another packet transmitted by the same application.

[0015] "Wireless resources available to perform the operation" refers to wireless resources that have been determined to be suitable for use by the operation.

[0016] "At least one first radio resource associated with at least one first time" means that at least one first time is associated with at least one first radio resource. Each first radio resource is associated with a first time that corresponds to the time when the first radio resource is available.

[0017] A single first radio resource, or multiple radio resources, can be acquired simultaneously. For example, multiple first radio resources can be acquired simultaneously, and the plan is to use these multiple radio resources to send multiple forward packets. In another example, multiple first radio resources can be acquired simultaneously, and the plan is to use these multiple radio resources to successively retransmit the same forward packet.

[0018] This ensures that a second wireless resource can be selected that complies with the time limits associated with forward packets.

[0019] In another embodiment, a method is proposed for D2D communication using a first radio resource having a first time, comprising: receiving a forward packet from a first user's device by a second user's device of a second user; selecting a second radio resource available to the second user's device for transmitting a reverse packet related to the forward packet, which falls within a time window having a lower limit after the first time and an upper limit defined according to at least one of the forward packet and the first time; and the second user's device transmitting the reverse packet to the first user's device using the second radio resource.

[0020] In another embodiment, a forward packet is proposed which is transmitted by a first user device using a first radio resource having a first time, wherein the first radio resource is selected from a first set of radio resources available for transmitting the forward packet from the first user device, and at least one second resource from a second set of radio resources available for performing operations related to the forward packet is included in a time window having a lower limit after the first time.

[0021] In another embodiment, a user device is proposed that includes at least one processor configured to perform a method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] In another embodiment, computer software is proposed which, when executed by a processor, includes instructions for performing at least a part of a method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] In another embodiment, when the software is executed by a processor, a computer-readable non-temporary recording medium is proposed on which the software is registered to carry out a method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] In another embodiment, a user device is proposed that includes at least one processor configured to perform at least a portion of the methods defined herein when the software is executed by the processor.

[0025] In another embodiment, computer software is proposed, which, when executed by a processor, includes instructions that perform at least a part of a method as defined herein.

[0026] In another embodiment, when the software is executed by a processor, a computer-readable non-temporary recording medium is proposed on which the software is registered to carry out a method as defined herein.

[0027] The following features can be implemented separately or in combination, at the discretion of the user.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first wireless resources are selected such that the number of second wireless resources from a second set within a time window is at least equal to a threshold for the number of wireless resources.

[0029] This ensures that the number of wireless resources in the second set available for performing the operation is at least equal to a threshold, so that there is a sufficient probability that at least one of the resources in the second set within the time window is actually available when the second resource is requested.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present invention, a first set of wireless resources and a second set of wireless resources are acquired within a global time window having a global upper limit.

[0031] This ensures that the last possible time to select a wireless resource from the second set is such that the wireless resource is selected in a way that complies with operational constraints.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, the time window has an upper limit defined according to at least one of the forward packet and the first time.

[0033] "An upper limit defined according to at least one of the forward packet and the first time" refers to a time that depends on the forward packet and / or the first time. For example, the forward packet may relate to a time threshold for performing an action that may be applied after the first time, a maximum time for performing an action, etc.

[0034] This ensures that radio resources are available to perform the operation within a time frame that complies with the time limits defined according to the forward packet and its associated first time. In particular, if the operation is the reception of a reverse packet, this ensures that the time constraints of the communication are met.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present invention, the above upper limit is defined as the maximum threshold after the first time interval.

[0036] This ensures that radio resources are available to perform the operation within a time frame that adheres to the time limit after the forward packet was transmitted. In particular, if the operation is the reception of a reverse packet, this ensures that the time constraints of the communication are met.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present invention, the method includes iteratively changing one or more parameters for one or more of the steps of acquiring a first set of wireless resources, acquiring a second set of wireless resources, and selecting the first wireless resources, while at least one selection criterion is not being observed.

[0038] This allows for the selection of the optimal first wireless resource by changing the parameter selection until a suitable wireless resource can be chosen.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present invention, the method includes associating a forward packet with at least one piece of data relating to instructions for performing an action related to the forward packet.

[0040] "At least one piece of data relating to instructions for performing an action related to a forward packet" refers to relevant data for performing an action related to a forward packet. This could be, for example, constraints on the action, such as a time limit, or instructions for radio resources that can be selected to send a reverse packet back in response to a forward packet.

[0041] This allows the recipient of a forward packet to benefit from all relevant information necessary to perform actions associated with the forward packet.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present invention, the operation includes transmitting a reverse packet related to the forward packet to the first device (S51).

[0043] "A reverse packet related to the forward packet" refers to a reverse packet whose transmission is triggered by the transmission of a forward packet and is expected as a result of the transmission of the forward packet. For example, a reverse packet may contain a response to the contents of the forward packet. The response may be generated by the application receiving the reverse packet.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present invention, the second set of wireless resources includes wireless resources available for receiving reverse packets by the first user device.

[0045] "Radio resources available for receiving reverse packets by the first user device" refers to radio resources that have been determined to be suitable for receiving reverse packets by the first user device.

[0046] This ensures that the resources in the second set actually enable the first user's equipment to receive the reverse packets.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first user device transmits forward packets to the second user device, which is communicating with the first user device via D2D, and reverse packets are transmitted to the first user device by the second user device.

[0048] This allows us to comply with the time constraints of D2D communication.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present invention, the second set of wireless resources is obtained based on at least one piece of data relating to the ability of the second user device to transmit the reverse packets to the first user device.

[0050] "Data relating to the ability of a second user device to transmit the above data packets to the above user device" means any type of data that provides instructions about the ability of a second user device to transmit data packets using wireless resources.

[0051] This ensures that the wireless resources in the second set enable both the transmission of reverse packets by the second user device and their reception by the first user device.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present invention, the method includes associating a forward packet with at least one piece of data relating to the selection of a wireless resource by a second user device.

[0053] "At least one piece of data relating to the selection of wireless resources by the second user device" means at least one piece of data that provides the second user device with insights into which wireless resources should be selected, or insights into selection constraints for complying with communication time requirements.

[0054] This increases the likelihood that the second user device will select from among the available radio resources for transmitting reverse packets that can be received by the first user device during the time window and / or that can comply with operational constraints.

[0055] Other features, details, and advantages are described in the following detailed explanation and diagrams. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0056] [Figure 1] This figure shows an example of a first user device in some embodiments of the present invention. [Figure 2] This figure shows an example of two user devices in inter-device communication in some embodiments of the present invention. [Figure 3] This figure shows a first example of a method in several embodiments of the present invention. [Figure 4] This figure shows a second example of a method in some embodiments of the present invention, which involves iterative modification of parameters. [Figure 5] This figure shows a third example of the method in some embodiments of the present invention. [Figure 6] This figure shows a fourth example of a method in some embodiments of the present invention, which includes the step of adding information to a forward packet. [Figure 7] This figure shows a fifth example of a method in some embodiments of the present invention, which is performed by a second user device. [Figure 8] This figure shows a first example of the selection of a first wireless resource in some embodiments of the present invention. [Figure 9] This figure shows a second example of the selection of a first wireless resource in some embodiments of the present invention. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0057] Refer to Figure 1 here.

[0058] Figure 1 shows a first user device, user UE1, that transmits a radio signal. The requesting user device 1 may be within the coverage of base station 3. Communication via radio signals may be, for example, OFDM-based transmission. The requesting user device 1 is a mobile device involved in communication, such as communication with base station 3, or vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication in the context of the LTE or NR standards. More generally, the requesting user device 1 may be any type of mobile user device, such as a vehicle communication system, personal communication equipment (e.g., user equipment), etc.

[0059] Communication takes place in the context of a forward packet (FWP) that requests an action related to the forward packet. The action related to the forward packet may be of a different type. This action may be, for example, the reception of a reverse packet related to the forward packet by a first user device UE1, the execution of a measurement related to wireless communication, for example, the execution of a measurement by a base station 3, or the transmission of a second forward packet by a first device.

[0060] The first user device 1 includes one communication module (COM) 1.1, one computing module (PROC) 1.2, and a memory unit (MEMO) 1.3. MEMO 1.3 includes a non-volatile unit for retrieving a computer program and a volatile unit for retrieving parameters that may be performed for operations related to forward packets. For example, it may be configured to calculate the time delay between the transmission of a forward packet and the execution of an operation, or to calculate the execution time of an operation.

[0061] COM1.1 is configured to send forward packets and eventually retransmit them.

[0062] COM1.1 may also be configured in some embodiments of the present invention to receive information about operation, for example, to receive reverse packets for forward packets.

[0063] Figure 1 also shows base station 3 (BS). UE1 may optionally communicate with BS3 and therefore may receive data from BS3 via its communication module (COM1.1).

[0064] The example in Figure 1 shows only one user device. However, the present invention is not limited to this configuration and also includes cases where two or more user devices exist, particularly when the first user device UE1 is communicating with other user devices or devices via D2D.

[0065] Refer to Figure 2 here.

[0066] Figure 2 illustrates a case where two user devices are communicating via D2D. The first (requesting) user device 1 (UE1) transmits a radio signal, which is received by the second (responding) user device 2 (UE2). The first user device 1 and / or the second user device 2 may be within the coverage area of ​​base station 3, or only one of the two devices may be within the base station's coverage area, or both devices may be outside the base station's coverage area. This D2D communication may be, for example, OFDM-based transmission. The requesting user device 1 and the responding user device 2 are mobile devices, meaning these user devices are involved in D2D communication, for example, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication in the context of the LTE or NR standards. More generally, the requesting user device 1 and / or the responding user device 2 may be any type of mobile user device, e.g., a vehicle communication system, personal communication equipment (e.g., user equipment), etc. D2D communication takes place in the context of a forward packet (FWP) requesting specific data from UE2, and the requested data is sent back to UE1 by UE2 in a reverse packet (BWP). This particular exchange between UE1 and UE2 is called a round-trip transmission.

[0067] The requesting user device 1 is similar to the user device UE1 shown in Figure 1, and therefore includes one communication module (COM) 1.1, one processing module (PROC) 1.2, and a memory unit (MEMO) 1.3. MEMO 1.3 includes a non-volatile unit for retrieving a computer program and a volatile unit for retrieving parameters that may be performed for round-trip transmission. For example, the volatile unit may include PDB (PDB1), target RTT, measured RTT, estimated propagation delay between UE1 and UE2, content of the request packet, and TD. E (Duration between generation and transmission of forward packets by user device UE1 (TD E )), TD R (Remaining duration, i.e., duration from target RTT (TD) E You may also extract the duration corresponding to the value obtained by subtracting the following: the priority set of wireless resources, the retransmission resources for a specific packet, etc.

[0068] PROC1.2 is configured to configure COM1.1 to generate forward packets (FWPs) and send them to the responding user device 2. PROC1.2 is also configured to TD E , TD R PROC1.2 is configured to calculate, determine a preferred set of radio resources, or determine retransmission resources for a particular packet. PROC1.2 is configured to decode the BWP and obtain the information requested by the FWP.

[0069] COM1.1 is configured to send FWPs and ultimately retransmit packets.

[0070] COM1.1 is also configured to receive BWP.

[0071] The user equipment 2 on the response side includes one communication module (COM) 2.1, one computing module (PROC) 2.2, and a memory unit (MEMO) 2.3. MEMO 2.3 includes a non-volatile unit for retrieving computer programs and a volatile unit for retrieving parameters that can be implemented for round-trip transmission. For example, the volatile unit may retrieve PDB (PDB2), target RTT, duration, an estimated value of the propagation delay between UE1 and UE2, the content of the request packet (content of FWP), the content of the response packet, TD E TD R , TD

[0072] PROC 2.2 is configured to configure COM 2.1 to receive and decode FWP from UE1. PROC 2.2 is configured to configure COM 2.1 to generate a reverse packet (BWP) in response to FWP and transmit it to UE1. PROC 2.2 is also configured to calculate the duration (e.g., TD E TD R ) and / or PDB2'. PROC 2.2 is also configured to select radio resources from a set of prioritized radio resources or based on the retransmission radio resources indicated for FWP. PROC 2.2 is configured to decode BWP and obtain the information requested by FWP.

[0073] COM 2.1 is configured to transmit BWP and finally retransmit the packet.

[0074] COM 1.1 is also configured to receive BWP.

[0075] Figure 1 also shows base station 3 (BS). UE1 and / or UE2 may communicate with BS3 and therefore may receive data from BS3 via their communication modules (COM1.1 and COM2.1). For example, UE1 and / or UE2 may receive the target RTT if the target RTT has not yet been configured on UE1 and / or UE2.

[0076] The example in Figure 1 shows only two user devices. However, the present invention is not limited to such one-to-one D2D communication, but also includes cases where two or more user devices are intended to receive and respond to the FWP.

[0077] Refer to Figure 3 here.

[0078] Figure 3 shows a first example of method P3 according to several embodiments of the present invention.

[0079] All or part of the steps of method P3 can be performed by a user device, for example, the first user device UE1 shown in Figures 1 and 2.

[0080] Method P3 includes a first step S31 of obtaining a first set of radio resources available for transmitting forward packets from a first user device.

[0081] This makes it possible to obtain a first set of radio resources that can be used to transmit forward packets.

[0082] As mentioned above, this can be done, for example, by having the first user equipment screen its environment and / or by the procedure specified in standard TS38.214 / 8.1.4.

[0083] Method P3 further includes a second step S32 of obtaining a second set of radio resources available to perform operations related to forward packets.

[0084] As mentioned above, the behavior associated with forward packets is the behavior that is triggered by and expected as a result of the transmission of forward packets. The behavior may also depend on the application that triggers the transmission of reverse packets, for example, the following: - Reception of a reverse packet by the first user device in response to the transmission of a forward packet. - Transmission by the first user device of further forward packets related to the forward packet, for example, another packet sent by the same application. - Performing post-transmission measurements of forward packets, for example, future packets that should be sent to the same application as the forward packet. -others.

[0085] Performing operations related to forward packets requires the use of at least one wireless resource. For example, wireless resources are needed for sending and receiving further packets, performing wireless measurements, etc.

[0086] Therefore, step S32 makes it possible to obtain a second set of wireless resources available to perform the operation. Naturally, the determination of the wireless resources available to perform the operation depends on the operation itself. For example, the following points are relevant: - If the operation is to receive a forward packet by a first user device in response to the transmission of a forward packet, the determination of radio resource availability may be performed according to the availability of the first user device receiving the packet and / or the availability of the second user device transmitting the packet to the first user device. -If the operation is for the first user device to transmit further forward packets, the determination of availability for performing the operation may include determining the availability of radio resources for the first user device to transmit further forward packets. -If the operation is the execution of a wireless measurement by a first user device, the determination of availability for performing the operation may include determining the availability of wireless resources for performing the measurement. -If the operation is the execution of a wireless measurement by a second user device, the determination of availability for performing the operation may include determining the availability of wireless resources for performing the measurement by the second device. -others.

[0087] The second set of wireless resources may be at least partially, and possibly entirely, different from the first set of wireless resources. The first set of wireless resources may contain at least one wireless resource that is not included in the second set. For example, for each wireless resource in the first set of wireless resources, there may be an associated time window that includes at least one, possibly a group of, associated wireless resources in the second set of wireless resources. The associated wireless resources in the second set may be after the wireless resources in the first set. In this case, a minimum and / or maximum time gap may be required between the resources in the first set and the associated resources in the second set. In other words, at least a resource in the first set of resources may be before any other resource in the second set, or the earliest resource in the second set. In another interpretation, at least a resource in the second set of resources may be after any other resource in the first set, or after the latest resource in the first set. The first and second resource sets may be completely pragmatic sets. For example, the first resource set may contain only resources available for transmission, the second resource set may contain resources available for reception, and vice versa. In the case of a half-duplex terminal, the two sets have no resources in common. In yet another example, one resource set (e.g., the first resource set) contains resources available for communication (e.g., transmission and / or reception), and the other set (e.g., the second resource set) contains resources available for measurement. Availability can be viewed from the perspective of a user device transmitting forward packets, or from the perspective of another user device (e.g., a user device performing measurements, or a user device where the transmission of reverse packets is expected).

[0088] Method P3 is a first set of the above wireless resources, at a first time t iThe third step S33 further includes obtaining at least one first radio resource associated with the first radio resource so that at least one second radio resource from the second set falls within a time window having a lower limit after the first time and an upper limit optionally defined according to at least one of the forward packets and the first time.

[0089] In other words, the first time t i A first radio resource having a first radio resource, at least one second radio resource from a second set, at first time t i It can be selected so as to fall within a specified time window thereafter, and the time window is defined according to the forward packet and / or first time, for example, to comply with the time constraints arising from the transmission of the first packet.

[0090] Therefore, - Belonging to the second set, and therefore usable for performing actions, -It has time within the time window, and therefore has time to comply with the time constraints imposed by the transmission of the first packet. A second wireless resource can then be selected.

[0091] According to various embodiments of the present invention, the third step S33 may include obtaining the following: - A single first wireless resource associated with a single time window. - Multiple first radio resources, each associated with a different time window, meaning that each of the above multiple first radio resources is associated with a corresponding time window.

[0092] Multiple first radio resources acquired simultaneously may, for example, correspond to multiple forward messages to be transmitted by the same application, or to the continuous retransmission of the same forward packet.

[0093] Therefore, during the execution of step S33, a list of candidate first radio resources belonging to the first set can be obtained that satisfies the condition that a time window is associated with which at least one second radio resource from the second set is included.

[0094] The time window may be defined, for example, by the following: - Minimum time t i +t min And it is min is the minimum time threshold, and / or -maximum time t i +t max And it is max This is the maximum time threshold.

[0095] Therefore, the window is [t i +t min ;t i +t max It may be defined as ].

[0096] Minimum time threshold t min This may be defined according to various rules. For example, the minimum time threshold t min This may be stipulated to give the device that should be sending the forward packet sufficient time to receive and process the forward packet before it needs to use a second radio resource to send the reverse packet.

[0097] Maximum time threshold t max This may be defined according to various rules. For example, the maximum time threshold t max This may be stipulated to ensure that the second wireless resource is used within a time frame that complies with time requirements, such as communication time requirements.

[0098] For example, if a second wireless resource should be used to transmit a reverse packet, the maximum time threshold t max to, maximum time t maxThis may be specified to ensure that a maximum time t occurs between the transmission of forward packets and the transmission of reverse packets, and therefore one or more target communication metrics are observed. For example, a maximum time t max This can be defined according to one or more of the following: - Target round-trip time (RTT) for communications. - Packet delay budget (PDB) for forward and / or reverse packets. -others.

[0099] Minimum time threshold t min and maximum time threshold t max This can be fixed or it can change over time. Therefore, the minimum time threshold t min and maximum time threshold t max This refers to the change over time (t min (t i ), t max (t i )) may be, or for example, time t i It may vary each time. For readability, the time index will be omitted in the following explanation. For example, the minimum time threshold t min and maximum time threshold t max The value of t may be defined according to the needs of the application requesting the transmission of forward packets, and / or may be changed iteratively during the course of the application. For example, the minimum time threshold t min and maximum time threshold t max The values ​​may be iteratively changed depending on criteria such as the time since the first attempt to send the first forward packet, the number of retransmissions for the forward packet, the number of previous retransmissions for the previous packet, information about channel quality, and information related to the characteristics of the first and / or second terminals (e.g., processing time, functionality, etc.).

[0100] In some embodiments of the present invention, a first set of radio resources and a second set of radio resources are selected within a global time window having an upper limit RTTboundmax_1. The upper limit RTTboundmax_1 can be defined, for example, according to the maximum time that an operation will be performed. For example, if the second set of radio resources is used to transmit reverse packets, the upper limit RTTboundmax_1 of the global time window may be set to ensure that the last possible time for receiving reverse packets by the first user equipment adheres to the last expected reception time.

[0101] The upper limit of the global time window may be, for example, the following: -It is fixed. - Provided by the application that initiates the communication. - Provided by the higher tier. - and / or adjusted by a central server to obtain the best trade-off between RTT and resource utilization. - This is defined according to the TCP transport layer used by applications that initiate communication and whose communication rate depends on RTT. - This is specified to ensure the stability of automatic control related to applications that trigger communication, and the stability of automatic control is calculated from the Round-Trip Time (RTT). -others.

[0102] When a global time window with an upper limit is used, the time window may be limited by the upper limit of the global time window. For example, the time t of the candidate first wireless resource. i However, t i +t max >If RTTboundmax_1 is the maximum value of the global time window, then the time window associated with the resource is [t i +t min ;t i +t max [t i +t min;RTTboundmax_1]. i +t min >RTTboundmax_1, In the case of RTTboundmax_1, the first candidate radio resource simply cannot be selected because, within the global time window after this first candidate radio resource, the second radio resource cannot be selected.

[0103] This method may lead to the generation of multiple candidate first radio resources, each associated with a time window. For example, the time window associated with each candidate first radio resource is time t after the candidate radio resource. min The lower limit and the time t of the candidate wireless resource after a certain period of time. max If defined by the upper limit in, -The first candidate radio resource at time t1 is found in the time window [t1+t] where n1 radio resources from the second set are found. min t1+t max It is associated with ]. - The second candidate radio resource at time t2 is found in the time window [t2+t] where n2 radio resources from the second set are found. min t² + t max It is associated with ]. - The third candidate radio resource at time t3 is found in the time window [t3+t] where n3 radio resources from the second set are found. min ;t3+t max It is associated with ]. -others.

[0104] Then, at least one first wireless resource can be acquired, for example, selected from the candidate first wireless resources.

[0105] In general, obtaining a first radio resource associated with a time window containing a number of radio resources from a second set equal to at least the threshold increases the probability, or even guarantees, that the radio resource is actually available to perform the operation.

[0106] In fact, in some specific cases, a first user device may detect that a second wireless resource from a second set is available to perform an operation, but it may turn out that the second wireless resource is not available to perform an operation at that time. For example, this could occur in the following cases: -Meanwhile, the second wireless resource may not be available when the operation needs to be performed because it is being requested by a higher-priority application. - The operation involves a second user device sending a packet to a first user device, and the second radio resource is detected as available for reception by the first user device, but is found not to be available for transmission by the second user device. - If the availability of wireless resources changes due to a change in the device's location. -others.

[0107] Therefore, having more resources from the second set within the time window associated with the first resource increases the probability of having available wireless resources from the second set when the operation needs to be performed.

[0108] Therefore, selecting a first wireless resource from among the candidate first wireless resources can be done in various ways. For example, - You can select a candidate associated with the time window that contains the most wireless resources from the second set. - Candidates can be selected that are associated with a time window containing the most uniform distribution of wireless resources from the second set across the time window. - Candidates can be selected, for example, randomly from among candidates that meet the following requirements: Candidates can be selected that are associated with a time window containing at least a number of radio resources from a second set equal to threshold Mi. In such a case, threshold Mi corresponds to the minimum number of radio resources that guarantee that at least one second radio resource will eventually be available. Candidate o is associated with a time window in which the uniformity of the time distribution of wireless resources belonging to the second set is satisfactory. o Other. -others.

[0109] The threshold Mi may be equal to or greater than 1 if the requirement must be met that the first candidate radio resource is associated with a time window containing radio resources from a second set of at least a number equal to threshold Mi. The threshold Mi may also be fixed or variable and may depend, for example, on: - Remaining RTT value, or instructions related to QoS for bidirectional applications. - The expected priority of the reverse packet in response to the forward packet. - The number of times a forward packet has already been sent / retransmitted. - Metrics related to channel load (CBR, CR, etc.). -others.

[0110] More generally, the threshold Mi can be defined according to any information regarding the likelihood of an operation succeeding, particularly information regarding the likelihood of successfully sending or receiving packets.

[0111] Method P3 further includes a fourth step S34 in which a first user device transmits the forward packet using the first wireless resource.

[0112] Refer to Figure 4 here.

[0113] Method P4 includes all the steps of Method P3 shown in Figure 3.

[0114] In addition, method P4 includes step S41 of verifying that at least one selection criterion is being met before step S34 of transmitting a forward packet.

[0115] At least one selection criterion may include one or more criteria relating to the effectiveness of the selection of the first wireless resource.

[0116] For example, at least one selection criterion may include at least one criterion relating to the following: - The possibility of selecting at least one first wireless resource in step S33. - In step S33, the number of second wireless resources within the time window associated with the first wireless resource is compared with a threshold (the number of the second set of wireless resources within the time window must be greater than the threshold for the criterion to be verified). -others.

[0117] If at least one selection criterion is met, step S34 can be performed to transmit forward packets using the first radio resource selected in step S33.

[0118] Otherwise, i.e., if at least one selection criterion is not met, method P4 includes step S42, which modifies one or more parameters for one or more of steps S31, S32, and S33 before returning to the first step in which at least one parameter was modified.

[0119] The parameters that can be changed may include, for example, the following: -In the case of steps S31 and S32, Priority for adding and / or removing wireless resources in the first set in step S31, and wireless resources in the second set in step S32. RSRP thresholds for adding and / or removing radio resources in the first set in step S31, and radio resources in the second set in step S32. o Other. -In the case of step S33, o The minimum number of second resources within the time window associated with the first resource required to select the first resource (Mi). o Maximum time threshold t to define the upper limit of the time window associated with the first resource max . o Other.

[0120] In general, method P4 may start with strict parameters (i.e., parameters that lead to acquiring fewer resources in steps S31 and S32 and selecting fewer resources in step S33), and may change the parameters to looser values ​​to acquire / select more wireless resources until at least one selection criterion is met.

[0121] For example, suppose in step S33, the minimum number of resources Mi within the time window is required to select the first resource, and Mi is initially set to 4. If the first wireless resource cannot be selected using this parameter, the value of Mi can be set to 2 before repeating step S33, and if the first resource still cannot be selected, Mi can be set to 1.

[0122] Therefore, the first resource is selected, if possible, with a large Mi value (meaning there are many second resources within the time window), and initially selected with a smaller Mi value. Naturally, the same reasoning is possible for other parameters of the method. Two or more parameters can be changed simultaneously, and after the change, if the parameters of these steps have been changed, the method can return to step S31 or S32.

[0123] In steps S31 and S32, looser parameters result in parameters that lead to selecting / acquiring more radio resources. For example, if step S32 involves selecting radio resources with an RSRP higher than the RSRP threshold available for receiving reverse packets, setting the RSRP threshold to a lower value will lead to adding more resources to the second set of resources, and thus increase the probability that at least one selection criterion will be met in step S41.

[0124] Therefore, method P4 generally selects wireless resources using the most stringent parameters, and allows for broadening the selection rules to select wireless resources anyway, even if this is not possible with the most stringent parameters.

[0125] However, the parameter values ​​may be limited. For example, the lowest possible value of parameter Mi for the minimum number of second wireless resources must be at least equal to 1, and may be higher depending on the application. If at least one selection criterion is still not met when all parameters have their loosest values, method P4 may generate an error indicating that the selection of the first resources is not possible at this stage.

[0126] Refer to Figure 5 here.

[0127] Figure 5 shows a third example of the method in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0128] In the example shown in Figure 5, method P5 includes all the steps of method P3, plus an additional step S51 of transmitting a reverse packet related to the forward packet to the first device.

[0129] Reverse packets may be transmitted, for example, by a second user device UE2, by another user device, or by a base station.

[0130] The reverse packet may then be received by the first user device UE1.

[0131] For example, a reverse packet may contain a response to the contents of a forward packet in the context of a given application.

[0132] In this case, the acquisition of the second set of radio resources in step S32 may be intended to ensure that the radio resources are available for sending and receiving reverse packets.

[0133] For example, the radio resources in the second set may be selected such that the second set of radio resources includes radio resources available for the first user device to receive reverse packets.

[0134] This determination of the radio resources available for receiving reverse packets by the first user device may be performed, for example, by determining whether each radio resource is suitable for receiving packets by the first user device, or conversely, by excluding resources that are determined to be unsuitable for receiving packets. - Resources that are being interfered with may be excluded. - Resources declared as unavailable may be excluded. - Resources with a recognized RSRP higher than the threshold may be excluded. - Resources that are interfered with by messages with a priority higher than the threshold may be excluded. -others.

[0135] Therefore, in this example, the first radio resource is ultimately selected such that sufficient radio resources are available to receive reverse packets within a time window after the first resource is used.

[0136] Method P5 can be used in particular in an example of D2D communication between a first user device and a second user device, for example, user device UE2 shown in Figure 2, where the first user device sends forward packets to the second user device UE2 which is communicating with the first user device via D2D, and reverse packets are sent to the first user device by the second user device.

[0137] In this case, the time constraints in D2D communication can be complied with by following the steps of method P5, in particular by selecting the first radio resources such that sufficient radio resources of the second set exist within the time window after the first radio resources. This is because sufficient radio resources of the second set are available to receive reverse packets within the time window that complies with the time constraints of D2D communication.

[0138] In some embodiments of the present invention, the wireless resources in the second set may be obtained based on at least one piece of data relating to the ability of the second user device to transmit the reverse packets to the first user device.

[0139] As described above, at least one piece of data relating to the ability of the second user device to transmit the reverse packet to the first user device may be any kind of data that provides instructions about the ability of the second user device to transmit data packets using radio resources.

[0140] Examples of such selections of wireless resources may include one or more of the following: - Radio resources available for the second device to transmit packets. Such radio resources may be obtained by screening by the second device. - A wireless resource whose estimated Radio Resource Management (RRM) value, timer, or metric is greater than or less than a predetermined threshold. - Uninterfered wireless resources. - Radio resources interfered with at a lower priority than the reverse packet priority. "Lower priority" means that the radio resource is interfered with at a lower priority than the reverse packet, which means that the radio resource's resource request may be invalidated by the reverse packet. However, note that the priority index can also be reversed. For example, in the 3GPP specification, the highest priority is associated with index 0, and the lowest priority is associated with index 7. -others.

[0141] Therefore, such a selection may take into account the data received from the second user device. According to various embodiments of the present invention, the selection of the radio resource in step S32 may take into account the ability of the first user device to receive reverse packets, the ability of the second user device to transmit reverse packets, or a combination thereof.

[0142] Refer to Figure 6 here.

[0143] Figure 6 shows an example of method P6 in several embodiments of the present invention.

[0144] Method P6 includes all the steps of Method P3.

[0145] Method P6 further includes step S61, prior to step S34, sending a forward packet, associating the forward packet with at least one piece of data relating to instructions for performing an action associated with the forward packet.

[0146] Associating at least one piece of data with a forward packet may include, for example, inserting data into the forward packet itself, or transmitting at least one piece of data along the forward packet, or signaling at least one piece of data implicitly. The at least one piece of data may or may not be transmitted simultaneously with the forward packet, but must be sent and received by the same receiver as the forward packet. The at least one piece of data may be transported using the same channel as the forward packet or a different channel. Furthermore, the at least one piece of data may be transmitted before, after, or simultaneously with the forward packet. Signaling at least one piece of data implicitly may be done, for example, by using a specific format for transmitting the data packet, by the presence / absence of a specific field, by an associated timer, or by any other means that allows the receiver of the forward packet to infer the at least one piece of data.

[0147] Therefore, by performing step S61 before step S34, the receiver of the forward packet can benefit from the relevant data to perform the actions associated with the forward packet.

[0148] At least one data point may contain one or more of the following, for example: - Data relating to constraints or purposes of operation. Such data may include, for example, the minimum time required to send a reverse message or perform an operation. -Data relating to the selection of radio resources for transmitting a reverse message upon receiving a forward message. Such data may include any kind of data that enables the receiver of the forward message to select the most relevant radio resources for sending the reverse message back to the first user device. - An instruction that, presumably, within a given time frame, a forward packet is expected to trigger a specific measurement. - An instruction that a forward packet requires a response (i.e., a reverse packet). - An instruction that triggers resource selection on the receiver side. -others.

[0149] For example, in some embodiments of the present invention in which a first user device is communicating with a second user device via D2D communication, step S61 may include associating at least one piece of data relating to the selection of a wireless resource by the second user device with a forward packet.

[0150] At least one piece of data relating to the selection of wireless resources by the second user device may include, for example, one or more of the following: - Metrics related to IND. - A descriptor or index relating to at least one radio resource. For example, such index or descriptor may be a descriptor of a radio resource for a time window associated with a first radio resource that has been detected as available for reception by a first user device. - Indicators related to the remaining RTT budget. - An indicator of the time budget consumed since the initial transmission attempt. -others.

[0151] Therefore, this allows the second user device to more accurately select the second radio resource to send a reverse message to the first user device.

[0152] for example, - If at least one piece of data relating to the selection of a radio resource by a second user device includes an indicator of the remaining RTT budget, the second user device may use this information to select a second radio resource that complies with the remaining RTT budget for transmission in the reverse direction. - If at least one piece of data includes a descriptor of a radio resource for a time window associated with a first radio resource that has been detected as available for reception by a first user device, the second user device may select one of the radio resources defined by the descriptor for sending a reverse packet in order to maximize the likelihood that the first user device will be able to receive the reverse packet.

[0153] Refer to Figure 7 here.

[0154] Figure 7 shows an example of method P7 in several embodiments of the present invention.

[0155] All or part of the steps of Method P7 may be performed by a second user device communicating D2D with the first user device, for example, the second user device UE2 shown in Figure 2.

[0156] Method P7 includes a first step S71 in which a second user's second user equipment UE2 receives a forward packet from a first user equipment UE1 in D2D communication using a first radio resource having a first time.

[0157] The forward packet may be, for example, a forward packet transmitted during step S34, which belongs to one of methods P3, P4, P5, and P6.

[0158] Method P7 further includes a second step S72 of selecting a second radio resource available to a second user device for transmitting a reverse packet related to the forward packet, which falls within a time window having a lower limit after the first time and an upper limit defined according to at least one of the forward packet and the first time.

[0159] Step S72 may typically involve a second user device selecting a radio resource belonging to both a second set of radio resources acquired in step S32, which belongs to one of methods P3, P4, P5, and P6, and a time window associated with the first radio resource.

[0160] In an embodiment where, in step S61, the forward packet is associated with at least one piece of data relating to the selection of a wireless resource by a second user device, this data may be used by the second user device in step S72 to select a second wireless resource.

[0161] Method P7 further includes a third S73 in which a second user device transmits the above-mentioned reverse packet to the first user device using a second wireless resource.

[0162] Therefore, method P7 can enhance D2D communication with the first user device. In particular, the selection of the second radio resource relative to the first radio resource, and optionally at least one piece of data relating to the selection of the radio resource by the second user device, enables the selection of the second radio resource and the transmission of the reverse packet in compliance with the operating requirements of the application that caused the transmission of the forward packet.

[0163] Refer to Figures 8 and 9 here.

[0164] Figures 8 and 9 show first and second examples, respectively, of the selection of a first wireless resource in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0165] In both Figures 8 and 9, wireless resources are represented using a 2D representation. - The horizontal axis represents time. In this example, for clarity and ease of understanding, time is defined using basic time units. Each column in the 2D representation represents one time unit. Time units can be represented by symbol time (e.g., symbol OFDM in a system based on OFDM transmission), the duration of a group of symbols (e.g., minislot, slot, a portion of a slot dedicated to a given physical channel, subframe, frame, etc.), or more generally, the duration of an allocation unit. An allocation unit is generally defined as the smallest time / frequency resource that can be signaled as part of a resource allocation procedure. - The vertical axis represents the frequency domain. In the 2D representation, each row represents one frequency unit. In systems based on multicarrier transmission (e.g., OFDM-based), the frequency unit may be a subcarrier, a set of subcarriers, e.g., a resource block or resource block group, a subchannel, or more generally, the frequency span of an allocation unit. In this example, the time in the first column is equal to 1, and thereafter the time increases by one hour unit in each column.

[0166] Therefore, radio resources are defined by both time and frequency units.

[0167] In both cases, a first set of wireless resources, Set1, is acquired in step S31. In this example, the first set, Set1, includes the following in both cases: -time t 1.1 Wireless resource Res1.1 at =2. -time t 1.2 Wireless resource Res1.2 at =4. -time t 1.3 Wireless resource Res1.3 at =8. -time t 1.4 Wireless resource Res1.4 at =12. -time t 1.5 At =14, the wireless resource Res1.5. -time t 1.6At =20, the wireless resource Res1.6. -time t 1.7 Wireless resource Res1.7 at =24. -time t 1.8 At =25, the wireless resource Res1.8.

[0168] In both cases, a second set of wireless resources, Set2, is obtained in step S32. In this example, the first set, Set2, includes the following in both cases: -time t 2.1 Wireless resource Res2.1 at =1. -time t 2.2 Wireless resource Res2.2 at =2. -time t 2.3 Wireless resource Res2.3 at =8. -time t 2.4 At =8, the wireless resource Res2.4. -time t 2.5 At =10, the wireless resource Res2.5. -time t 2.6 Wireless resource Res2.6 at =14. -time t 2.7 Wireless resource Res2.7 at =23. -time t 2.8 At =27, the wireless resource Res2.8.

[0169] However, the two examples are different because they perform different steps S33 to select the first wireless resource.

[0170] In the example in Figure 8, step S33 includes associating a time window having the following with the first wireless resource of each candidate in the first set: - Minimum time threshold t after time of candidate first wireless resource min A lower bound equal to t. In this example, t min This is equivalent to a 3-hour unit. Here, min It should be noted that this has a constant value, but only a simple example is provided for non-explanatory purposes. More generally, the value t minSince it can change over time, it can be different for each first set of radio resources. - An upper limit equal to the global maximum value RTTboundmax_1 of the global time window. The global time window RTTboundmax_1 may be counted, for example, from a selection trigger (e.g., the start of the time window from Res2.1 which is the first resource shown in the figure), or from a previous predetermined time.

[0171] For example, - The time window associated with resource Res1.1 is the time window [t 1.1 + t min ; RTTboundmax_1]. - The time window associated with resource Res1.2 is the time window [t 1.2 + t min ; RTTboundmax_1]. - The time window associated with resource Res1.3 is the time window [t 1.3 + t min ; RTTboundmax_1]. - The time window associated with resource Res1.4 is the time window [t 1.4 + t min ; RTTboundmax_1]. - The time window associated with resource Res1.5 is the time window [t 1.5 + t min ; RTTboundmax_1]. - The time window associated with resource Res1.6 is the time window [t 1.6 + t min ; RTTboundmax_1]. - The time window associated with resource Res1.7 is the time window [t 1.7 + t min ; RTTboundmax_1]. - The time window associated with resource Res1.8 is the time window [t 1.8 + t minIt is [RTTboundmax_1].

[0172] Next, t 8.1 +t min Since =RTTboundmax_1, resource Res1.8 can be excluded from the first set of selectable radio resources. This means that if Res1.8 is selected for sending forward packets, it will no longer be possible to retrospectively select a resource from the second set.

[0173] In addition, other resources may be removed from the first set. For example, resources that have the same duration as resources in the second set may be removed from the first set. In fact, if the first user device UE1 is half-duplex, it is not desirable to have wireless resources from both the first and second sets simultaneously, as it cannot transmit and receive signals at the same time. Therefore, the following resources may be excluded from the first set. -Res1.3. Because, t 1.3 =t 2.3= t 2.4 Because it is 8. -Res1.5. Because, t 1.5 =t 2.6 Because it equals 14.

[0174] In the example in Figure 9, time t i Each of the first set of wireless resources having time t i +t min (t min (=3 hours) has a lower limit, and time t i +t max (t max It is associated with a time window that has an upper limit of 6 hours. Here, t min and t max Note that this has a constant value, but only a simple example is provided for non-explanatory purposes. More generally, the value t min and t max This can change over time and therefore may differ for each first set of wireless resources.

[0175] Therefore, in this example, it would be as follows: -Resource Res1.1 is time window Win1.1[t 1.1 +t min ;t 1.1 +t max This is associated with [the previous set], and this time window does not include resources from the second set. -Resource Res1.2 is time window Win1.2[t 1.2 +t min ;t 1.2 +t max Associated with ], this time window includes two resources from the second set (Res2.3, Res2.4). -Resource Res1.3 is time window Win1.3[t 1.3 +t min ;t 1.3 +t max This is associated with [the previous set], and this time window does not include resources from the second set. -Resource Res1.4 is time window Win1.4[t 1.4 +t min ;t 1.4 +t max This is associated with [the previous set], and this time window does not include resources from the second set. -Resource Res1.5 is time window Win1.5[t 1.5 +t min ;t 1.5 +t max This is associated with [the previous set], and this time window does not include resources from the second set. -Resource Res1.6 is time window Win1.6[t 1.6 +t min ;t 1.6 +t max Associated with ], this time window contains one resource from the second set (Res2.7). -Resource Res1.7 is time window Win1.7[t 1.7 +t min ;t 1.7 +t maxThis time window is associated with ] and includes one resource from the second set (Res2.8). In some embodiments of the present invention, this window may be limited by RTTboundmax_1. -Resource Res1.8 is time window Win1.8[t 1.8 +t min ;t 1.8 +t max This is associated with ], and this time window does not include resources from the second set. In some embodiments of the present invention, t8+t max Because RTTboundmax_1 is enabled, this window may not even exist.

[0176] Therefore, the first candidate radio resources Res1.1, Res1.3, Res1.4, Res1.5, and Res1.8 are excluded from the list of possible candidates because the time windows associated with these resources do not include resources from the second set. This means that if one of these resources is selected, the radio resources from the second set will not be available to perform the actions related to the transmission of the first radio resource within the desired time frame.

[0177] Therefore, in the example in Figure 9, step S33 selects one of the radio resources Res1.2, Res1.6, and Res1.7 as the first radio resource for transmitting forward packets. The first radio resource may be selected from the three candidate first radio resources Res1.2, Res1.6, and Res1.7 based on different criteria. For example, - The first wireless resource may be randomly selected from the three resources Res1.2, Res1.6, and Res1.7. - It is possible to select the radio resources associated with the time window that contains the most radio resources from the second set. In this example, resource Res1.2 is selected. This is because the associated time window Win1.2 contains two radio resources from the second set, while the time windows Win1.6 and Win1.7 associated with resources Res1.6 and Res1.7 respectively contain only one radio resource from the second set. - For the first radio resource of the candidates to be selected, the threshold Mi of the radio resources from the second set within the time window associated with the first radio resource of the candidates is 2. In this case, resource Res1.2 is selected. This is because it is the only one that meets this condition. - It is possible to select the first radio resource of the candidates that has the earliest time. In this example, since t2 < t6 and t2 < t6, resource Res1.2 is selected.

[0178] The examples in FIGS. 8 and 9 are provided only as non-limiting examples of the rules for selecting the first resource in some embodiments of the present invention, and other rules for selection may be implemented within the scope of this disclosure.

[0179] This disclosure is not limited to the methods, computer software, computer-readable non-transitory media, packets, user equipment described herein, which are merely examples. The present invention encompasses all options that one of ordinary skill in the art would envision when reading this text.

[0180] For example, all non-mutually exclusive embodiments presented herein can be combined. For example, some embodiments of the methods shown in FIGS. 4, 5, and 6 can be combined.

Claims

1. A method performed by a first user device, Obtaining a first set of radio resources available for transmitting forward packets from the first user device, To obtain a second set of wireless resources available to perform the operations related to the forward packet, Selecting at least one first radio resource from the first set of radio resources, which is associated with at least one first time that is associated with a time window having a lower limit after the first time, wherein the time window includes at least one second radio resource from the second set. Transmitting the forward packet to a second user device using at least one first wireless resource, Includes, The operation also includes the operation in which the first user device receives a reverse packet related to the forward packet transmitted by the second user device. method.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first wireless resources are selected such that the number of second wireless resources from the second set within the time window is at least equal to a threshold for the number of wireless resources.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first set of wireless resources and the second set of wireless resources are acquired within a global time window having a global limit.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the time window has an upper limit defined according to at least one of the forward packet and the first time.

5. While at least one selection criterion for selecting the first wireless resource is not being observed, Steps to obtain a first set of wireless resources, The steps of acquiring a second set of the aforementioned wireless resources, and The step of selecting the first wireless resource, The method according to claim 1 or 2, comprising iteratively changing one or more parameters for one or more of the following.

6. The method according to claim 1 or 2, comprising associating the forward packet with at least one piece of data relating to an instruction for performing the operation relating to the forward packet.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the second set of wireless resources includes wireless resources available for receiving reverse packets by the first user device.

8. The first user device transmits the forward packet to the second user device, which is communicating with the first user device via D2D. The method according to claim 7, wherein the reverse packet is transmitted to the first user device by the second user device.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the second set of wireless resources is obtained based on at least one piece of data relating to the ability of the second user device to transmit the reverse packets to the first user device.

10. The method according to claim 8, comprising associating at least one piece of data relating to the selection of the second wireless resource by the second user device with the forward packet.

11. A user device comprising at least one processor configured to perform the method of the first user device as described in claim 1 or 2.

12. Computer software, which, when executed by a processor, includes instructions for carrying out the first method by the user device described in claim 1 or 2.

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