Exterior wall panels

Abstract

We provide exterior wall panel technology that can reduce manufacturing costs while improving drainage. [Solution] The exterior wall panel 20 comprises a pair of chord members, each formed from a single plated steel sheet, the upper chord being a Z-shaped steel and the lower chord being a lower chord being a web WB having an inclined portion 23 that is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane and having drainage holes DH that penetrate the web WB in the inclined portion 23; a rectangular frame member 22 having a pair of column members 12X each formed from a single plated steel sheet and a joining member 24 that mechanically joins the chord members and the column members 12X; an adhesive layer disposed on the plate surface of the flange FL opposite to the side where each joining member 24 of the pair of chord members is located and on the plate surface of the flange FL opposite to the side where each joining member 24 of the pair of column members 12X is located; and a face material 16 that is placed on the adhesive layer and joined to the frame member 22.

Description

Technical Field

[0005] ,

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an outer wall panel.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, as in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, an outer wall panel including a steel frame member and interior and exterior facing materials joined to a plate surface portion of the frame member is known as a building member such as a wall material. In some cases, a functional material such as a heat insulating material is further integrated with the plate surface portion of the steel frame member of the outer wall panel. The manufactured outer wall panel is carried into a building construction site and attached to the building frame at the construction site.

[0003] The frame member can be assembled, for example, by joining longitudinal end portions of a plurality of channel steels as column members extending in the vertical direction and a plurality of channel steels as chord members extending in the horizontal direction. In the frame member of Patent Document 1, the joint portion between the column member and the chord member is formed by welding. Further, the frame member assembled by joining a pair of chord members and a pair of column members is joined to the facing material with an adhesive.

[0004] In addition, the outer wall panel of Patent Document 2 is provided with a water drainage piece extending from a lower chord member of the outer wall panel toward the outside of the facing material so as to cover a joint between the outer wall panel and a lower outer wall panel. In Patent Document 2, it is said that the water drainage piece can suppress the intrusion of water from the outside of the outer wall panel.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005] [[ID=二十九]]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0006] When a pair of chord members and a pair of column members are made of steel plates without a plating layer on the surface for rust prevention, although the plating layer is not removed by welding, a separate rust prevention treatment process is required for the assembled rectangular frame members. For this reason, when steel frame members are assembled by welding as in Patent Document 1, there is room for improvement in the technology to reduce the manufacturing burden of the exterior wall panels including the frame members.

[0007] Furthermore, when rectangular frame members are assembled by welding using a pair of chord members and a pair of column members, each formed from a pre-plated steel sheet with a plating layer already placed on the surface of the base material (so-called pre-plated steel sheet), the plating layer on the chord members and column members is removed from the surface of the base material by welding. Therefore, after welding, a separate repair operation is required in the manufacturing process of the exterior wall panel to reposition the plating on the parts of the frame member where the plating layer has been removed.

[0008] In addition, in Patent Document 1, in order to join the facing material and the frame member, it is necessary to apply adhesive to all four sides of the rectangularly assembled frame member. Since the length of each of the four sides is relatively long, the frame member is bulky as an object to be coated. For this reason, it is necessary to prepare a large placement space and workspace for the assembled frame member for the adhesive application and inversion work. As a result, when joining a rectangular frame member and facing material as in Patent Document 1, there is room for improvement in the technology to reduce the manufacturing burden of the exterior wall panel from the perspective of the burden of adhesive application work.

[0009] Furthermore, in the case of the exterior wall panel described in Patent Document 2, while the water drainage piece can prevent water from entering the exterior wall panel from the outside, it cannot prevent water that has entered the inside of the exterior wall panel from accumulating on the web surface of the lower chord member. If water continues to stagnate on the web surface of the lower chord member, there is a concern that the frame member may corrode due to the stagnant water. In other words, Patent Document 2 has room for improvement regarding the drainage performance of the exterior wall panel.

[0010] This disclosure is made in view of the above, and provides a technology for exterior wall panels that can reduce manufacturing burden and improve drainage. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] The exterior wall panel according to this disclosure comprises a rectangular frame member having a pair of elongated Z-shaped steel members, each formed from a single plated steel sheet and having a web and a pair of flanges, arranged parallel to each other with a gap between them; a pair of elongated channel steel members, each formed from a single plated steel sheet and having a web and a pair of flanges; a joining member that mechanically joins the overlapping flanges of the respective longitudinal ends of the chord members and the column members; an adhesive layer disposed on the plate surface of the flange of each of the pair of chord members on the side opposite to where the joining member is located and on the plate surface of the flange of each of the pair of column members on the side opposite to where the joining member is located; and a face material that is joined to the frame member by being disposed on the adhesive layer. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] According to the exterior wall panel described herein, manufacturing costs can be reduced and drainage can be improved. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0013] [Figure 1] This is a front view illustrating an exterior wall panel according to the first embodiment of this disclosure. [Figure 2] This is a side view illustrating an exterior wall panel according to the first embodiment. [Figure 3] This is a plan view illustrating an exterior wall panel according to the first embodiment. [Figure 4] This is a magnified view of part 4 of Figure 1. [Figure 5] This is a magnified view of part 5 of Figure 1. [Figure 6] This is a cross-sectional view taken along line 6-6 in Figure 1. [Figure 7] This is a cross-sectional view taken along line 7-7 in Figure 1. [Figure 8] It is a cross-sectional view taken along line 8-8 in FIG. 1. [Figure 9] FIG. 9(A) is a side view for explaining a method of manufacturing an outer wall panel according to the first embodiment. FIG. 9(B) is a side view for explaining a method of manufacturing an outer wall panel according to the first embodiment following FIG. 9(A). [Figure 10] It is a front view for explaining an outer wall panel according to a modification (first modification) of the first embodiment. [Figure 11] It is an enlarged view of part 11 in FIG. 10. [Figure 12] It is a perspective view for explaining an outer wall panel according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure with a part cut away. [Figure 13] It is a cross-sectional view for explaining an outer wall panel according to the second embodiment, cut along a vertical plane perpendicular to the plate surface of the facing material at the position of the column member. [Figure 14] It is a perspective view for explaining an outer wall panel according to a modification (second modification) of the second embodiment with a part cut away. [Figure 15] It is a cross-sectional view for explaining an outer wall panel according to a modification (second modification) of the second embodiment, cut along a vertical plane perpendicular to the plate surface of the facing material at the position of the column member. [Figure 16] It is a perspective view for explaining a state before a column member and a lower chord member are joined in an outer wall panel according to a modification (second modification) of the second embodiment, with a part cut away.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0014] The first embodiment and the second embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below. In the description of the following drawings, the same parts and similar parts are denoted by the same reference numerals or similar reference numerals. However, the relationship between the thickness and the planar dimensions in the drawings, the ratio of the thicknesses of each device and each member, etc. are different from the actual ones. Therefore, specific thicknesses and dimensions should be determined in consideration of the following description. Also, there are parts where the dimensional relationships and ratios are different between the drawings. Further, unless otherwise specified in the specification, the number of each component of the present disclosure is not limited to one, and a plurality may exist.

[0015] This specification first describes an exterior wall panel according to the first embodiment and its first modification, and then describes an exterior wall panel according to the second embodiment and its second modification that can improve drainage. The exterior wall panel according to the first embodiment and its first modification is basically the same as the exterior wall panel according to the second embodiment and its second modification in that it can reduce manufacturing burden. On the other hand, the configuration that can improve drainage is disclosed in the exterior wall panel according to the second embodiment and its second modification.

[0016] Therefore, as an embodiment of an exterior wall panel that can reduce manufacturing burden and improve drainage, we will specifically describe using the exterior wall panel according to the second embodiment and the second modified example. However, the components included in the exterior wall panel according to the first embodiment and the first modified example can be combined with the components of the exterior wall panel according to the second embodiment and the second modified example to constitute this disclosure. For example, as will be explained later, in the first embodiment the channel steel of the column member is an externally folded channel steel having an outer layer, but in the second embodiment the channel steel of the column member is a general channel steel without an outer layer. In this disclosure, externally folded channel steel columns can be used in an exterior wall panel that improves drainage, such as in the second embodiment.

[0017] [First Embodiment] <Exterior wall panels> First, the exterior wall panel 10 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 8. As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the exterior wall panel 10 comprises a frame member 12, a joining member 14, a facing material 16, and an adhesive layer. Note that the adhesive layer is not shown in this specification.

[0018] (Frame component) As shown in Figure 1, the frame member 12 has a pair of chord members 12Y and a pair of column members 12X.

[0019] (string material) Each pair of chord members 12Y is formed from a single plated steel sheet. The plated steel sheet is a steel sheet in which the surface of the base material steel sheet has been pre-plated, i.e., a pre-plated steel sheet. Each pair of chord members 12Y is a long Z-shaped steel having a web WB and a pair of flanges FL. The Z-shaped steel has a Z-shaped cross-section in cross-sectional view. As shown in Figure 7, a lip extending horizontally is formed at the upper end of the upper flange FL of the Z-shaped steel of the chord member 12Y of the first embodiment.

[0020] In the first embodiment, the chord member 12Y has a length of approximately 1 m along the left-right direction (i.e., the horizontal direction) in Figure 3. In this disclosure, the length of the chord member is arbitrary. The pair of chord members 12Y are arranged parallel to each other with space between them in the vertical direction in Figure 1, and are arranged symmetrically vertically. The flanges on the sides to which the facing material is not attached face each other.

[0021] (pillar material) Each of the pair of column members 12X is formed from a single plated steel sheet. The plated steel sheet is a steel sheet in which a plating has been applied to the surface of the base material steel sheet in advance, i.e., a pre-plated steel sheet. The pair of column members 12X are elongated channel steels having a web WB and a pair of flanges FL.

[0022] In the first embodiment, the column member 12X has a length of approximately 3 m along the vertical direction (i.e., the vertical direction) in Figure 2. In this disclosure, the length of the column member is arbitrary. A pair of column members 12X are arranged parallel to each other with space between them in the left-right direction in Figure 1.

[0023] Specifically, one of the pair of column members 12X (for example, the left column member 12X in Figure 1) is positioned at one end of the chord member 12Y in the direction of extension (the left end in Figure 1), intersecting each of the chord members 12Y. The other of the pair of column members 12X (for example, the right column member 12X in Figure 1) is positioned at the other end of the chord member 12Y in the direction of extension (the right end in Figure 1), intersecting each of the chord members 12Y. As shown in Figure 4, the flanges FL of the pair of chord members 12Y and the pair of column members 12X, which overlap at their respective longitudinal ends, are mechanically joined only by the joining member 14, without welding.

[0024] In the first embodiment, an example is shown in which a column member 12X separate from the pair of column members 12X is positioned in the center in the left-right direction in Figure 1. In this disclosure, the presence or absence of a column member 12X separate from the pair of column members 12X is optional. Also, in this disclosure, the number of column members 12X separate from the pair of column members 12X is optional. As shown in Figure 5, the other column member 12X is not welded, similar to the joining of the pair of column members 12X and the pair of chord members 12Y, but rather the overlapping flanges FL at their respective longitudinal ends are mechanically joined only by the joining member 14.

[0025] (outward bent channel steel) As shown in Figure 6, in the first embodiment, the channel steel of the column member 12X is an outward-folded channel steel. The flange FL of the outward-folded channel steel of the column member 12X has a base BP, a folded portion FP, and an outer layer OP. The base BP is a strip that is continuous with the web WB of the channel steel. The folded portion FP is located at the end of the base BP opposite to the web WB. The outer layer OP is located on the outer surface side of the base BP in the flange FL width direction and is a strip that extends parallel to the base BP from the folded portion FP toward the web WB.

[0026] The outer-folded channel steel of column member 12X is a channel steel in which the flange FL is folded back by approximately 180 degrees on the opposite side of the web WB (right side in Figure 6). Specifically, the outer-folded channel steel can be formed by bending a single steel plate using a roll forming device or a bending device. The specifications of the outer-folded channel steel are similar to those of the channel steel having an outer layer disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2023-110433.

[0027] In this disclosure, it is not essential that the channel steel used for the column members be externally folded channel steel. The column members in this disclosure may be general channel steel without an outer layer.

[0028] (Intersection of chord members and column members) In the first embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, an example was given of the intersection state of the chord member 12Y and the column member 12X where the intersection angle between the chord member 12Y and the column member 12X is 90 degrees and perpendicular. However, in this disclosure, "perpendicular" is not limited to cases where the intersection angle is strictly 90 degrees. If the intersection angle between the flat web WB surface of the chord member 12Y and the flat web WB surface of the column member 12X is 85 degrees or more and 95 degrees or less, it can be considered "perpendicular".

[0029] (Jointing member) As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the joining member 14 mechanically joins the overlapping flanges of the chord member 12Y and the column member 12X at their respective longitudinal ends. In other words, the joining member 14 mechanically joins the chord member 12Y and the column member 12X in the area where the face material 16 is not joined.

[0030] The joining member 14 in the first embodiment is, for example, a screw. In the first embodiment, the number of screws as joining members 14 is exemplified as two for one of the four corners of the rectangle. In this disclosure, the number of joining members is not limited to this. In this disclosure, the number of joining members for one corner may be one, three or more, etc., and can be changed as appropriate.

[0031] Furthermore, while the first embodiment exemplified the use of screws as the joining member 14 for a mechanical joint structure, this disclosure is not limited to this. In this disclosure, other joining members other than screws, such as bolts and nuts, may be used for the mechanical joint structure. Also, in this disclosure, the mechanical joint structure may be formed by "crimping".

[0032] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 6 to 8, the joining member 14 mechanically joins the chord member 12Y and the column member 12X to the face material 16. However, in this disclosure, the joining member 14 that mechanically joins the chord member 12Y and the column member 12X to the face material 16 is not essential. Also, in Figures 6 and 8, an example is shown in which a hole TH is formed in the flange FL of one of the column members 12X (the lower side in Figures 6 and 8). The hole TH is used, for example, to pass through an installation tool for installing a screw as part of the joining member 14 that joins the column member 12X to the face material 16 via the flange FL of the other side (the upper side in Figures 6 and 8).

[0033] (Adhesive layer and facing material) The adhesive layer is positioned between the plate surface of the flange FL of the chord member 12Y and the column member 12X and the face material 16. The adhesive layer is positioned on the plate surface of the flange FL on the opposite side of the pair of chord members 12Y from the side where the joining member 14 used for joining the pair of column members 12X is located. The adhesive layer is also positioned on the plate surface of the flange FL on the opposite side of the pair of column members 12X from the side where the joining member 14 used for joining the pair of chord members 12Y is located.

[0034] For example, although not shown in the illustration, in Figure 7, the adhesive layer on the plate surface of flange FL of chord member 12Y is located on the left side of the plate surface of flange FL on the opposite side, upper side, rather than on the lower flange FL where the joining member 14 used for joining with the lower column member 12X is located. Also, although not shown in the illustration, in Figure 7, the adhesive layer on the plate surface of flange FL of column member 12X is located on the left side of the plate surface of the outer layer OP of flange FL on the opposite side, left side, rather than on the right flange FL where the joining member 14 used for joining with the upper chord member 12Y is located.

[0035] The adhesive layer is formed by the adhesive used in the manufacturing process of the exterior wall panel 10. The type of adhesive used for the adhesive layer can be any type, such as epoxy resin or acrylic resin. The facing material 16 is joined to the frame member 12 via the adhesive layer by being placed on top of it.

[0036] <Manufacturing method for exterior wall panels> Next, a method for manufacturing the exterior wall panel 10 according to the first embodiment will be described. First, the manufacturer of the exterior wall panel 10 prepares the chord members 12Y and column members 12X that constitute the frame member 12 of the first embodiment. Next, the manufacturer prepares the face material 16 which is the object to be joined to the frame member 12. The face material 16 is placed on the floor surface, for example, so that the joining surface is located on the upper side.

[0037] Next, the manufacturer applies adhesive to the flange FL of the joint surface of the prepared chord member 12Y and column member 12X. In the first embodiment, the adhesive is applied to the chord member 12Y and column member 12X while they are still separate and not joined together. Next, the manufacturer places the adhesive-coated chord member 12Y and column member 12X in predetermined positions on the joint surface of the face material 16.

[0038] Specifically, the manufacturer first attaches the flange on one side of each of the pair of channel steel columns 12X to the facing material 16, where the adhesive 18 is applied (the lower side of the column 12X in Figure 9(A)), as shown in Figure 9(A). Similarly, the central column 12X in the left-right direction in Figure 1 is also attached to the facing material 16 between the pair of column 12X.

[0039] Next, the manufacturer attaches the flange on one side of each of the pair of Z-shaped chord members 12Y (the lower side of the chord member 12Y in Figure 9(A)), to the face material 16, while simultaneously placing the flange on the other side (the upper side of the chord member 12Y in Figure 9(A)) over the end of the column member 12X attached to the face material 16 from above. As a result, as shown in Figure 9(B), the pair of channel steel column members 12X and the pair of Z-shaped chord members 12Y overlap. Four corner sections are formed by the overlapping portions of both ends of the pair of chord members 12Y and both ends of the pair of channel steel column members 12X.

[0040] In the first embodiment, as described above, the assembly was carried out in the order that the column member 12X was bonded to the facing material 16, and then the Z-shaped steel of the chord member 12Y was placed over the end of the column member 12X and bonded to the facing material 16. However, the order of assembly is not limited to this in this disclosure. For example, the assembly may be carried out in the order that one flange of the chord member 12Y of the Z-shaped steel is first bonded to the facing material 16, and then the end of the column member 12X is inserted into the space formed between the other flange of the chord member 12Y and the facing material 16. In other words, a method is not excluded in which the overlapping portion is formed by sliding the column member 12X after the chord member 12Y has been bonded to the facing material 16.

[0041] However, before the end of the column member 12X is fully inserted into the space formed between the flange of the chord member 12Y and the face material 16, the adhesive 18 of the column member 12X comes into contact with the face material 16. As a result, as the column member 12X slides, the adhesive 18 that was previously applied to the insertion end of the column member 12X may not be able to keep up with the sliding, or it may adhere to the face material 16 and move from the column member 12X to the face material 16.

[0042] Next, the manufacturer joins the chord member 12Y and the column member 12X using the joining member 14. The manufacturer also joins the chord member 12Y and the column member 12X to the facing material 16 using the joining member 14. The above series of steps constitutes the manufacturing method of the exterior wall panel 10 according to the first embodiment.

[0043] Furthermore, the order in which the joining work between the chord member 12Y and the column member 12X using the joining member 14, and the joining work between the chord member 12Y and the column member 12X, respectively, and the facing material 16 using the joining member 14, may be performed. Alternatively, the two works may be performed in parallel. That is, after the joining work between the chord member 12Y and the column member 12X using the joining member 14 at one corner is completed, the joining work using the joining member 14 to connect the chord member 12Y or column member 12X to the facing material 16 in a continuous section of that corner may be performed.

[0044] For example, the manufacturer may perform the joining work using the joining members 14 while sequentially moving the position of the joining members 14 along the four sides of the rectangular frame member 12 in a circular motion (in other words, like drawing in a single continuous line). By performing the joining work using the joining members 14 while moving in a circular motion, the manufacturer's travel distance can be minimized.

[0045] (Effects and Benefits) In the first embodiment, the chord members 12Y and column members 12X, both made of plated steel sheets, are mechanically joined using the joining member 14. Therefore, it is possible to assemble the rust-proofed frame members 12 without using welding to join the chord members 12Y and column members 12X. As a result, the burden of frame assembly work on the steel frame members 12 can be reduced compared to the case where welding is used to join the chord members 12Y and column members 12X. In addition, when welding pre-plated steel materials, plating repair is required at the welded areas, which increases the labor involved in construction, but in the first embodiment, plating repair is not required, thus reducing the labor involved in construction.

[0046] Furthermore, in the first embodiment, adhesive can be applied to the chord member 12Y and the column member 12X individually. Therefore, compared to the case where the object to be applied is the frame member 12, the placement space and work space required for adhesive application can be kept compact. As a result, the burden of adhesive application work can be reduced.

[0047] In this regard, when joining a rectangular frame member 12 and a facing material 16 with adhesive, for example, first, the frame member 12 is placed on the floor so that the adhesive-coated surface is facing upwards. Then, after adhesive has been applied to all four sides of the board surface, the frame member 12 is lifted by a crane or the like and moved to the vicinity of the facing material 16, which is to be joined. The facing material 16 is placed on the floor so that, for example, the joining surface is facing upwards.

[0048] Then, the frame member 12 is lowered from above the panel 16 toward the panel 16 with the adhesive-coated surface facing downwards. In this way, the burden of inverting the frame member 12, which is assembled in a rectangular shape, can be incurred. On the other hand, in the first embodiment, since adhesive can be applied to both the chord member 12Y and the column member 12X, the burden of inverting the frame member 12, which is assembled in a rectangular shape, is not incurred. Therefore, the manufacturing burden of the exterior wall panel 10 can be reduced.

[0049] Furthermore, in the first embodiment, since the chord members 12Y and column members 12X can each be bonded to the facing material 16 in their individual state, the assembly work of the frame members 12 and the joining work of the frame members 12 and the facing material 16 can be carried out in parallel in terms of time on only one side of the facing material 16. In other words, when bonding the chord members 12Y and column members 12X to the joining surface of the facing material 16, they can be arranged so that a rectangle is formed on the joining surface of the facing material 16. This reduces the manufacturing time of the exterior wall panel 10.

[0050] Furthermore, in the first embodiment, during the manufacturing process of the exterior wall panel 10, at the corner between the Z-shaped steel chord 12Y and the channel steel column 12X, the end of the column 12X is inserted into the space between one flange FL of the Z-shaped steel and the facing material 16. Here, for example, if the chord 12Y is a channel steel, and at the corner, the end of the channel steel of the column 12X is inserted inside the pair of flanges FL of the channel steel of the chord 12Y, then, as is, the joint surface between the flange FL of the channel steel of the chord 12Y and the facing material 16 of the channel steel of the column 12X will be misaligned in the thickness direction by the thickness of the flange FL of the channel steel of the chord 12Y. In other words, unevenness will occur.

[0051] To avoid unevenness, for example, it is necessary to reduce the diameter of the end of the channel steel of the column member 12X by the thickness of the flange FL of the channel steel of the chord member 12Y by drawing. In this respect, in the first embodiment, since the end of the column member 12X is inserted between one flange FL and the face material 16 of the Z-shaped steel, it is easy to align the joint surface on the face material 16 side of the channel steel of the column member 12X on one flange FL side with the joint surface on the face material 16 side of the other flange FL, with the web WB of the Z-shaped steel of the chord member 12Y in between. For this reason, compared to the case where the chord member 12Y is a channel steel and the end of the channel steel of the column member 12X is inserted inside the pair of flanges FL of the channel steel of the chord member 12Y at the corner, drawing of the end of the column member 12X is unnecessary, thus reducing the manufacturing burden.

[0052] Furthermore, in the first embodiment, each flange FL of each channel steel of a pair of column members 12X has a strip-shaped base BP continuous with the web WB, a folded portion FP, and a strip-shaped outer layer OP. The folded portion FP and the outer layer OP concentrate the steel material at the outer edge of the cross-section, which is effective in resisting bending. As a result, the bending performance per unit weight is enhanced, and as a result, it becomes possible to compensate for the bending performance that decreases due to the miniaturization of the cross-section. In other words, the depth of the column member 12X (in other words, the length along the flange FL width) can be reduced, making it possible to reduce the thickness of the exterior wall panel 10.

[0053] In this specification, "bending performance" refers to the performance of a member, including its rigidity and strength against bending. The meaning of "bending performance" in this specification is the same as the meaning of "bending resistance" disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2023-110433, which was referenced for the specifications of the externally folded channel steel.

[0054] Furthermore, when subjected to bending, the folded outer layer OP of the compression-side flange deforms so as to be pressed against the inner base BP (in other words, it is contact-restrained), thereby suppressing local buckling of the bent flange FL. As a result, structural performance can be ensured without integrating the outer layer OP and the base BP by welding or other means.

[0055] (First variation) As shown in the first modified example of the exterior wall panel 10A in Figure 10, in this disclosure, a horizontal member 12H extending parallel to the chord member 12Y may be arranged inside the rectangular frame member 12A. As shown in Figure 11, notches C are formed at each of the left and right ends of the horizontal member 12H. Specifically, the notches C are formed in the web WB and the lower flange FL, except for the upper flange FL. In the first modified example, the horizontal member 12H and the column member 12X are mechanically joined by arranging a joining member 14 inside the upper flange FL, which does not have a notch C.

[0056] Although not shown in the illustration, an adhesive layer is placed between the outer surface of the lower flange FL of the horizontal member 12H on the side of the facing material 16 and the outer surface of the facing material 16 on the side of the horizontal member 12H in Figure 10. The other components of the exterior wall panel 10A according to the first modification are the same as those of the exterior wall panel 10 according to the first embodiment, so a redundant explanation is omitted. Also, the effects and benefits of the exterior wall panel 10A according to the first modification are the same as those of the exterior wall panel 10 according to the first embodiment, so a redundant explanation is omitted.

[0057] [Second Embodiment] <Exterior wall panels> Next, an exterior wall panel 20 according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 12 to 13. As shown in Figures 12 to 13, the exterior wall panel 20 comprises a frame member 22, a joining member 24, a facing material 16, and an adhesive layer. In this specification, the illustration of the adhesive layer is omitted.

[0058] As shown in Figure 12, the exterior wall panel 20 according to the second embodiment differs from the exterior wall panel 10 according to the first embodiment mainly in that the lower chord member 22Y of the frame member 22 has a first inclined surface IL1, a second inclined surface IL2, and a drainage hole DH. The other components of the exterior wall panel 20 according to the second embodiment are the same as those of the exterior wall panel 10 according to the first embodiment, so below we will mainly describe the differences and omit redundant explanations of the common components.

[0059] (Frame component) In the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the frame member 22 has a pair of chord members and a pair of column members 12X. In the second embodiment, as can be seen from Figure 13, within one frame member 22, one upper chord member 21Y and one lower chord member 22Y constitute a pair of chord members.

[0060] (Top chord) As shown in Figure 13, the upper chord member 21Y is a long Z-shaped steel having a web WB and a pair of flanges FL. A lip extending horizontally is formed at the upper end of the upper flange FL of the upper chord member 21Y.

[0061] (Lower chord) As shown in Figures 12 and 13, in the second embodiment, the lower chord member 22Y is a Z-shaped steel. In this disclosure, it is not essential that the lower chord member is a Z-shaped steel. As will be explained later in the second modification, the lower chord member may be a steel other than a Z-shaped steel, such as a channel steel.

[0062] However, by using steel materials of the same specifications for both the upper and lower chord members, the number of parts can be reduced, and as a result, manufacturability can be improved. For example, in the first embodiment, as will be described later, an example is given in which a Z-shaped steel having an inclined portion and drainage holes is used only for the lower chord member, but this disclosure is not limited to this. In this disclosure, a Z-shaped steel having an inclined portion and drainage holes can be used for both the upper and lower chord members.

[0063] (slanted part) The lower chord member 22Y has an inclined portion 23 in which the web WB is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane. Specifically, in the second embodiment, the inclined portion 23 of the Z-shaped steel of the lower chord member 22Y has a pair of inclined surfaces composed of a first inclined surface IL1 and a second inclined surface IL2. In this disclosure, it is not essential that the inclined portion 23 has a pair of inclined surfaces. The number of inclined surfaces may be one, or there may be three or more inclined surfaces.

[0064] In the second embodiment, the inclined portion 23 is exemplified as being formed over the entire web width direction (left-right direction in Figure 13) of the web WB of the lower chord member 22Y, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In the disclosure, the inclined portion may be formed on a portion of the web of the lower chord member in the web width direction. In the disclosure, both an inclined surface and a horizontal surface may be formed on the web of a single lower chord member.

[0065] As shown in Figure 13, the first inclined surface IL1 is inclined so that as you move from the top to the bottom, it approaches the opposite side of the facing material 16 (right side in Figure 13) from the side of the facing material 16 (right side in Figure 13). Similarly, as shown in Figure 13, the second inclined surface IL2 is inclined so that as you move from the top to the bottom, it approaches the side of the facing material 16 (left side in Figure 13) from the opposite side of the facing material 16 (right side in Figure 13) from the side of the facing material 16 (left side in Figure 13). The heights of the upper ends of the first inclined surface IL1 and the second inclined surface IL2 are approximately the same. As shown in Figures 12 and 13, in the second embodiment, the lower ends of the first inclined surface IL1 and the second inclined surface IL2 abut against each other, forming a groove G that extends along the material axis direction of the lower chord member 22Y.

[0066] (Angle of inclination) In the second embodiment, the inclination angles of the first inclined surface IL1 and the second inclined surface IL2 of the inclined portion 23 with respect to the horizontal plane are greater than 1.5 degrees and 10 degrees or less. In this disclosure, a state in which the surface of the web WB is inclined and an inclined portion is formed is defined as a state in which the surface of the web WB is inclined and an inclined portion is formed when the intersection angle between the surface of the web WB and the horizontal plane is greater than 1.5 degrees. In addition, in this disclosure, the inclination angle is not limited to 10 degrees or less, but may be greater than 10 degrees.

[0067] (Inclination direction) In the second embodiment, an example was given in which the inclined portion 23 is inclined along the web width direction, but this disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, drainage can also be improved if the inclined portion is inclined along the material axis direction. When the inclined portion 23 is inclined along the web width direction, as in the second embodiment, the inclined portion 23 can be manufactured more easily than when the inclined portion 23 is inclined along the material axis direction.

[0068] (Drainage hole) As shown in Figure 12, a drainage hole DH is provided in the inclined portion 23, penetrating the web WB. In the second embodiment, the shape of the drainage hole DH is circular, but in this disclosure, the shape of the drainage hole can be arbitrary, such as triangular or rectangular. In the second embodiment, the drainage hole DH is provided in the vicinity of the column member 12X.

[0069] In this disclosure, "a state in which drainage holes are located near a column member" means a state in which two or more drainage holes are provided between two column members, and the distance between the drainage hole closest to each column member and that column member is shorter than the distance between the two drainage holes closest to each column member. In the second modified example described later, two drainage holes DH are exemplified as the drainage holes closest to each column member 12X. In this disclosure, it is not essential that the drainage holes are located near the column members. The number of drainage holes in this disclosure may be one or more.

[0070] In Figure 12, the trajectories of water moving from the boundary side between the web WB and the flange FL towards the groove G are illustrated with solid and dashed lines on the first inclined surface IL1 and the second inclined surface IL2 of the web WB in the lower chord member 22Y. As shown in Figure 12, in the second embodiment, the drain hole DH is located at the lowest position of the inclined portion 23 in the vertical direction. The lowest position of the inclined portion 23 coincides with the position of the groove G. In this disclosure, it is not essential that the drain hole is located at the lowest position of the inclined portion in the vertical direction. In this disclosure, the position of the drain hole in the inclined portion can be set arbitrarily.

[0071] As shown in Figure 12, in the second embodiment, the lower chord member 22Y is provided with a hole TH and a through hole PH through which the bolt 24A of the joining member 24 passes, in addition to the drainage hole DH.

[0072] (Jointing member) As shown in Figure 13, the joining member 24 of the second embodiment has a bolt 24A and a nut 24B corresponding to the bolt 24A. The other components of the joining member 24 of the second embodiment are the same as those of the joining member 24 of the first embodiment.

[0073] Furthermore, the column member 12X, adhesive layer, and facing material 16 of the second embodiment are the same as those of the column member 12X, adhesive layer, and facing material 16 of the first embodiment.

[0074] As shown in Figure 13, the exterior wall panel 20 is joined to a fastener 42, which is attached to a base 40 of the building material, by a connecting member 24. The base 40 is a building material such as an H-beam. The fastener 42 is a T-shaped building material. The fastener 42 has a pilot hole through which the shaft of the bolt 24A of the connecting member 24 can pass. As shown in Figure 13, the two exterior wall panels 20 are arranged vertically side by side by the fastener 42 such that their respective outer surfaces on the left side are flush.

[0075] (Effects of the second embodiment) The exterior wall panel 20 according to the second embodiment can obtain the same effects and advantages as the exterior wall panel 10 according to the first embodiment.

[0076] Furthermore, similar to the first embodiment, in the second embodiment as well, during the manufacturing process of the exterior wall panel 20, at the corner portion between the upper chord member 21Y of the Z-shaped steel and the column member 12X of the channel steel, the end of the column member 12X is inserted into the space between one flange FL of the Z-shaped steel and the facing material 16. Here, for example, if the upper chord member 21Y is a channel steel, and at the corner portion the end of the channel steel of the column member 12X is inserted inside the pair of flanges FL of the channel steel of the upper chord member 21Y, then, as is, the joint surface between the flange FL of the upper chord member 21Y and the facing material 16 and the joint surface between the channel steel of the column member 12X will be misaligned in the thickness direction by the thickness of the flange FL of the channel steel of the upper chord member 21Y. In other words, unevenness will occur.

[0077] To avoid unevenness, for example, it becomes necessary to reduce the diameter of the end of the channel steel of the column member 12X by the thickness of the flange FL of the channel steel of the upper chord member 21Y by drawing. In this respect, as in the first embodiment, in the second embodiment, the end of the column member 12X is inserted between one flange FL of the Z-shaped steel of the upper chord member 21Y and the face material 16, so it is easy to align the joint surface on the face material 16 side of the channel steel of the column member 12X on one flange FL side with the joint surface on the face material 16 side of the other flange FL, with the web WB of the Z-shaped steel of the upper chord member 21Y in between. For this reason, compared to the case where the upper chord member 21Y is a channel steel and the end of the channel steel of the column member 12X is inserted inside the pair of flanges FL of the channel steel of the upper chord member 21Y at the corner, the manufacturing burden can be reduced because drawing is not required on the end of the column member 12X.

[0078] Furthermore, in the second embodiment, the web WB of the lower chord member 22Y of the frame member 22 has an inclined portion 23. The inclined portion 23 promotes the dripping of water from the surface of the web WB. In addition, since drainage holes DH are provided in the inclined portion 23, the dripping of water from the surface of the web WB is further promoted by the drainage holes DH. As a result, the drainage performance of the exterior wall panel can be improved.

[0079] Furthermore, in the second embodiment, since the drainage hole DH is located near the column member 12X, it is easy to drain water that flows from above over the surface of the column member 12X and reaches the lower chord member 22Y.

[0080] Furthermore, in the second embodiment, setting the inclination angle of the inclined portion 23 to 1.5 degrees or more makes it easier to ensure drainage. Also, in the second embodiment, setting the inclination angle of the inclined portion 23 to 10 degrees or less makes it possible to suppress the collision of the bolt 24A of the joining member 24 provided on the lower outer wall panel 20 with the lower chord member 22Y of the upper outer wall panel 20 when rocking, for example as shown in Figure 13. In addition, compared to the case where the inclination angle is greater than 10 degrees, the processing of the shaped steel of the lower chord member 22Y becomes easier, and as a result, manufacturability is easier to ensure.

[0081] Furthermore, in the second embodiment, the drain hole DH is positioned at the furthest point from the upper chord member 21Y in the inclined section 23, that is, at the lowest position when the exterior wall panel is in use. This prevents water from accumulating below the drain hole DH in the inclined section 23.

[0082] Furthermore, in the second embodiment, compared to the case where the lower chord member 22Y is, for example, a channel steel, the manufacturability of the frame member 22 is improved on the lower chord member 22Y side as well, similar to the upper chord member 21Y. In addition, the exterior wall panel 20 becomes easier to assemble on site.

[0083] Furthermore, in the second embodiment, water can be efficiently drained by the groove G formed by the pair of inclined surfaces, which consist of the first inclined surface IL1 and the second inclined surface IL2.

[0084] (Second variation) In the second embodiment, the lower chord member was a Z-shaped steel, but in the second modified example, the lower chord member is a channel steel. The other components of the exterior wall panel 30 according to the second modified example are the same as those of the exterior wall panel 20 according to the second embodiment, so the differences will be explained below mainly with reference to Figures 14 to 16, and the common components will not be explained again.

[0085] As shown in Figure 14, in the frame member 32 of the exterior wall panel 30 of the second modified example, the lower chord member 32Y has an inclined portion 33 in which the web WB is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane. The inclined portion 33 has a first inclined surface IL1. As shown in Figure 15, the first inclined surface IL1 is inclined so that as you move from the top to the bottom, it moves from the side of the facing material 16 (left side in Figure 15) towards the opposite side of the facing material 16 (right side in Figure 15). In addition, a drainage hole DH that penetrates the web WB is provided in the inclined portion 33.

[0086] As shown in Figure 14, the frame member 32 of the exterior wall panel 30 in the second modified example is provided with a protrusion. The exterior wall panel 30 according to the second modified example includes a first protrusion P1 and a second protrusion P2 as protrusions. The flange FL of the lower chord member 32Y extends outward from the web WB of the lower chord member 32Y in the material axis direction of the lower chord member 32Y, and overlaps with the flange FL of the corresponding column member 12X.

[0087] Specifically, as shown in Figure 14, the first projection P1 is formed on the flange FL of the lower chord member 32Y on the side opposite to the facing material 16. The first projection P1 has an inner surface that overlaps with the outer surface of the flange FL of the column member 12X on the side opposite to the facing material 16. In the second embodiment, the first projection P1 is rectangular, but in this disclosure, the shape of the first projection can be changed as appropriate.

[0088] As shown in Figure 15, the second projection P2 is formed on the flange FL on the face material 16 side of the lower chord member 32Y. As shown in Figure 15, the upper end of the second projection P2 is located between the upper and lower ends of the flange FL on the face material 16 side (left side in Figure 15) of the lower chord member 32Y. That is, the width of the second projection P2 measured along the vertical direction in Figure 15 is narrower than the flange width of the flange FL on the face material 16 side of the lower chord member 32Y.

[0089] Therefore, as shown in Figure 16, a notch is formed between the upper end of the second projection P2 on the lower chord member 32Y and the web WB. The second projection P2 has an upper end surface that overlaps with the lower end surface of the flange FL on the face material 16 side of the column member 12X. In the state before joining the lower chord member 32Y and the column member 12X, the upper end surface of the second projection P2 is exposed at the position of the notch.

[0090] As shown in Figure 16, when joining the lower chord member 32Y and the column member 12X, the pair of flanges of the channel steel of the column member 12X approach the first projection P1 and the second projection P2 of the lower chord member 32Y from above. The inner surface of the first projection P1 overlaps with the outer surface of the flange FL of the column member 12X on the side opposite to the face material 16, and the upper end surface of the second projection P2 overlaps with the lower end surface of the flange FL of the column member 12X on the face material 16 side. In Figure 16, the upper end surface of the second projection P2 is a surface from which the width of the plate thickness can be read. The lower end surface of the flange FL of the column member 12X rests on the upper end surface of the second projection P2. The upper end surface of the second projection P2 and the lower end surface of the flange FL of the column member 12X overlap. With the first protrusion P1 and the second protrusion P2 overlapping with the flanges of the corresponding column members 12X, the lower chord member 32Y and the column member 12X are joined by the joining member 24, thereby forming the corner portion of the frame member 32.

[0091] In this disclosure, it is not mandatory for the flange of the lower chord member to have a projection. In this disclosure, a projection may not be provided. In this disclosure, it is not mandatory for the projection to consist of a first projection and a second projection. The number of projections may be one. The projection may be provided on only one of the pair of flanges.

[0092] (Effects of the second modification) In the exterior wall panel 3 according to the second modified example, drainage is improved by the inclined portion 33 and the drainage holes DH, similar to the exterior wall panel 20 according to the second embodiment.

[0093] Furthermore, in the second modified example, the flange FL of the lower chord member 32Y of the channel steel has a first projection P1 and a second projection P2, so that the channel steel of the column member 12X and the channel steel of the lower chord member 32Y can be joined without any additional processing on the column member 12X side.

[0094] Furthermore, in the second modified example, the column member 12X and the lower chord member 32Y can be joined using both the first protrusion P1 and the second protrusion P2, which simplifies the joining process and improves the integrity after joining. Other effects of the second modified example are the same as those of the second embodiment, so a redundant explanation is omitted.

[0095] <Other Embodiments> While the embodiments described above illustrate the present disclosure, this description is not intended to limit the disclosure. Those skilled in the art should be able to see from this disclosure various alternative embodiments, examples, and operational techniques. This disclosure includes various embodiments not described above, and the technical scope of this disclosure is defined solely by the inventive features of the claims that are reasonable given the above description.

[0096] ≪Note≫ The following embodiments are conceptualized herein.

[0097] Embodiment 1 is, A pair of elongated structural steel members, each formed from a single plated steel sheet and having a web and a pair of flanges, arranged parallel to each other with a gap between them, comprising: an upper chord member which is a Z-shaped steel; and a lower chord member which has an inclined portion in which the web is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane and a drainage hole that penetrates the web in the inclined portion; a pair of column members which are elongated channel steel members, each formed from a single plated steel sheet and having a web and a pair of flanges; and a rectangular frame member which mechanically joins the overlapping flanges at the respective longitudinal ends of the chord members and the column members. An adhesive layer is provided on the plate surface of the flange opposite to the side where the connecting member of each of the pair of chord members is located, and on the plate surface of the flange opposite to the side where the connecting member of each of the pair of column members is located. A surface material joined to the frame member by being placed on the adhesive layer, Exterior wall panels equipped with these features.

[0098] Embodiment 2 is, The drainage holes are located near the column members. An exterior wall panel as described in Embodiment 1.

[0099] Embodiment 3 is, The inclination angle of the inclined portion is greater than 1.5 degrees and less than or equal to 10 degrees. An exterior wall panel as described in embodiment 1 or 2.

[0100] Appearance 4 is, The drain hole is located at the lowest position of the inclined portion in the vertical direction. An exterior wall panel as described in any of embodiments 1 to 3.

[0101] Embodiment 5 is, The lower chord member is a Z-shaped steel. An exterior wall panel as described in any of embodiments 1 to 4.

[0102] Embodiment 6 is, The inclined portion of the Z-shaped steel of the lower chord member has a pair of inclined surfaces, The lower ends of the pair of inclined surfaces abut against each other to form a groove extending along the material axis of the lower chord member. An exterior wall panel as described in Embodiment 5.

[0103] Embodiment 7 is, The lower chord member is a channel steel, The flange of the lower chord member extends outward from the web of the lower chord member in the axial direction of the lower chord member and has a projection that overlaps with the flange of the column member. An exterior wall panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

[0104] Embodiment 8 is, The aforementioned protruding portion is, A first projection is formed on the flange of the lower chord member opposite to the facing material, and has an inner surface that overlaps with the outer surface of the flange of the column member opposite to the facing material, The lower chord member comprises a second projection formed on the flange on the face material side, having an upper end surface that overlaps with the lower end surface of the flange on the face material side of the column member, An exterior wall panel as described in Embodiment 7. [Explanation of symbols]

[0105] 10,10A Exterior wall panels 12,12A Frame members 12X pillar material 12Y string material 12H Horizontal beam material 14 Joining members 16 Surface materials 18 Adhesives 20 Exterior wall panels 22 Frame members 21Y top chord material 22Y Lower chord material 23 Slope 24 Joining members 24A volts 24B Nut 30 Exterior wall panels 32 Frame members 32Y Lower string 40 base 42 zippers BP base C Notch DH drainage hole FL flange FP (Fitted Point) G groove IL1 Inclined surface IL2 Inclined surface OP outer layer P1 First protrusion P2 Second protrusion PH through hole TH hole WB Web

Claims

1. A pair of elongated structural steel members, each formed from a single plated steel sheet and having a web and a pair of flanges, arranged parallel to each other with a gap between them, comprising: an upper chord member which is a Z-shaped steel; and a lower chord member which has an inclined portion in which the web is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane and a drainage hole that penetrates the web in the inclined portion; a pair of column members which are elongated channel steel members each formed from a single plated steel sheet and having a web and a pair of flanges; and a rectangular frame member which has a joining member that mechanically joins the overlapping flanges at the respective longitudinal ends of the chord members and the column members. An adhesive layer is provided on the plate surface of the flange opposite to the side where the connecting member of each of the pair of chord members is located, and on the plate surface of the flange opposite to the side where the connecting member of each of the pair of column members is located. A surface material joined to the frame member by being placed on the adhesive layer, Equipped with, The web of the chord member is separated from the column member without contacting it. The flange of the chord member does not overlap with the flange of the column member on the side where it is attached to the surface material, and overlaps with the flange of the column member on the side opposite to the side where it is attached to the surface material. The aforementioned joining member is an exterior wall panel that mechanically joins only the overlapping flanges between the chord member and the column member.

2. The drainage holes are located near the column members. The exterior wall panel according to claim 1.

3. The inclination angle of the inclined portion is greater than 1.5 degrees and less than or equal to 10 degrees. The exterior wall panel according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The drain hole is located at the lowest position of the inclined portion in the vertical direction. The exterior wall panel according to claim 1 or 2.

5. The structural steel of the lower chord is a Z-shaped steel. The exterior wall panel according to claim 1 or 2.

6. The inclined portion of the Z-shaped steel of the lower chord member has a pair of inclined surfaces, The lower ends of the pair of inclined surfaces abut against each other to form a groove extending along the material axis of the lower chord member. The exterior wall panel according to claim 5.

7. The lower chord member is a channel steel, The flange of the lower chord member extends outward from the web of the lower chord member in the axial direction of the lower chord member and has a projection that overlaps with the flange of the column member. The exterior wall panel according to claim 1 or 2.

8. The aforementioned protruding portion is, A first projection is formed on the flange of the lower chord member opposite to the facing material, and has an inner surface that overlaps with the outer surface of the flange of the column member opposite to the facing material, The lower chord member comprises a second projection formed on the flange on the face material side, having an upper end surface that overlaps with the lower end surface of the flange on the face material side of the column member, The exterior wall panel according to claim 7.

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