Management systems, management methods, and programs

Abstract

Provided is, for example, a management system that is capable of assisting a determination of whether or not to create carbon credit.　A management system 10 according to one aspect of the present disclosure comprises: a summary information reception unit 111 that receives summary information pertaining to a sink for carbon dioxide; an estimation unit 112 that calculates, from the summary information, the estimated amount of income of the sink from the sale of carbon credit; and an estimated amount presentation unit 113 that presents the calculated estimated amount of the income.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a technology for management.

Background Art

[0002] In recent years, reducing emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide has been an important issue. Canceling the emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide with the amount of carbon dioxide absorption is also regarded as a kind of reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Based on such an idea, trading the amount of carbon dioxide absorption by forest protection etc. as credits (hereinafter also referred to as carbon credits) has come to be frequently done. When creating credits, generally, the creator etc. plans a project for reducing carbon dioxide emissions, creates a description of the project, and applies for registration of the project based on the description. In the following description, the description of the carbon credit project is also referred to as the project description. Also, the description of the carbon credit project is also simply referred to as the description. The review of the project based on the description is carried out by a credit certification organization. When the project description is certified by the certification organization, credits corresponding to the reduction amount of carbon dioxide emissions as the result of the implementation of the project are issued.

[0003] Credits include credits for reduction amounts due to avoidance and reduction of carbon dioxide emissions, and credits for amounts fixed by carbon dioxide absorption and storage. Fixation by carbon dioxide absorption and storage includes, for example, carbon dioxide absorption by plants such as forests, grasslands, and cultivated lands. The carbon dioxide absorbed here is fixed as a plant.

[0004] Patent Document 1 discloses an example of a system for managing carbon credits. In the example shown in Patent Document 1, the system distributes carbon credits to consumers using lottery tickets.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Special Publication No. 2011-521314 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0006] To create carbon credits, it is necessary to create a project description for carbon credits using various information about carbon dioxide sinks (such as forests). Information about the benefits that can be obtained from creating carbon credits is useful for the rights holders of the sinks to decide whether or not to create carbon credits.

[0007] However, the amount of carbon credits issued upon certification of the project description depends on the amount of carbon dioxide reduction achieved through absorption as stated in the description. To determine the amount of carbon credits to be issued, it is necessary to calculate the amount of carbon dioxide reduction achieved by the absorption sources. Knowledge of information about the absorption sources used to calculate the amount of carbon dioxide reduction, as well as the calculation methods using that information, is required.

[0008] It is not easy for owners of carbon sinks, who are not familiar with calculating carbon dioxide absorption amounts and the value of carbon credits, to obtain information on the benefits that can be obtained from creating carbon credits and decide whether or not to create them.

[0009] While the technology described in Patent Document 1 can reduce the burden of carbon credit distribution, it cannot support the decision of whether or not to create carbon credits.

[0010] One of the purposes of this disclosure is to provide a management system that can help in deciding whether or not to create carbon credits. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] A management system according to one aspect of this disclosure includes: an overview information receiving means for receiving overview information of carbon dioxide sinks; an estimation means for calculating an estimated amount of revenue from the sale of carbon credits of the sinks from the overview information; and an estimated amount presenting means for presenting the calculated estimated amount of revenue.

[0012] A management method relating to one aspect of this disclosure involves receiving summary information of a carbon dioxide sink, calculating an estimated amount of revenue from the sale of carbon credits of the sink from the summary information, and presenting the estimated amount of revenue.

[0013] A program according to one aspect of this disclosure causes a computer to perform the following: an overview information receiving process to receive overview information of a carbon dioxide sink; an estimation process to calculate an estimated amount of revenue from the sale of carbon credits of the sink from the overview information; and an estimated amount presentation process to present the calculated estimated amount of revenue. One aspect of this disclosure can also be realized by a storage medium that stores the above-described program. [Effects of the Invention]

[0014] This disclosure has the effect of supporting decisions on whether or not to create carbon credits. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0015] [Figure 1] Figure 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a management system according to the first embodiment of this disclosure. [Figure 2] Figure 2 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of the management system according to the first embodiment of this disclosure. [Figure 3] Figure 3 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a management system according to the second embodiment of this disclosure. [Figure 4] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing a communication network to which a management system according to the second embodiment of this disclosure is connected, and a device connected to the communication network. [Figure 5]FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of an application processing unit and an absorption source information processing unit of a management system according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of an estimation unit of a management system according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a generation unit of a management system according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an example of the overall operation of a management system according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the application process of a management system according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the estimation process of a management system according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the absorption source information reception process of a management system according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the document creation process of a management system according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the authentication process of a management system according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the document verification process of a management system according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the content authentication process of a management system according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the issuance process of a management system according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 17] FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the transaction process of a management system according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 18]Figure 18 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of the matching process of a management system according to the second embodiment of this disclosure. [Figure 19] Figure 19 is a diagram showing an example of a computer hardware configuration that can realize the management system according to the embodiment of this disclosure. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0016] Embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0017] <First Embodiment> First, a first embodiment of this disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0018] <Structure> Figure 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a management system according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. The example shown in Figure 1 includes an overview information receiving unit 111, an estimation unit 112, and an estimated amount presentation unit 113 according to the present embodiment. The overview information receiving unit 111 receives overview information of a carbon dioxide sink. The estimation unit 112 calculates an estimated amount of revenue from the sale of carbon credits of the sink from the overview information. The estimated amount presentation unit 113 presents the estimated amount of revenue. The overview information is less information than the sink information, which is information about the sink used to generate the project description of the carbon credits.

[0019] In this disclosure, a carbon sink refers to an object that absorbs carbon dioxide, such as a forest, cultivated land, or grassland. The following description mainly focuses on the case where the carbon sink is a forest. If the carbon sink is something other than a forest, "trees" below may be read as "vegetation." A carbon sink may also be a facility (for example, an educational institution such as a university, a hotel, a wedding hall, or a house with a garden) where areas where plants exist (for example, a garden, a rooftop garden, a wall with plantings, etc.) exist. A carbon sink may also be a body of water where organisms that absorb carbon dioxide, such as aquatic plants and plankton, live. A carbon sink may also be a facility that produces artificial substances in which carbon dioxide is fixed.

[0020] In the following explanation, substances that absorb carbon dioxide at a carbon sink are referred to as absorbers. If the carbon sink is a forest, the absorbers are, for example, trees. If the carbon sink is farmland, the absorbers are, for example, crops. If the carbon sink is a grassland, the absorbers are, for example, grass. If the carbon sink is a facility where plants are planted, the absorbers are the planted plants (for example, trees and flowers). If the carbon sink is a body of water where organisms that absorb carbon dioxide live, the absorbers are the organisms that absorb carbon dioxide living in the body of water. If the carbon sink is a facility that produces artificial substances in which carbon dioxide is fixed, the absorbers are, for example, the artificial substances in which carbon dioxide is fixed.

[0021] As will be explained later, summary information is information about carbon sinks. As mentioned above, the project description includes the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the carbon sinks. To calculate this amount of carbon dioxide absorbed, information about the carbon sinks (i.e., carbon sink information) is used. Summary information contains less information than the carbon sink information used to calculate the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the carbon sinks described in the project description. Carbon sink information is information about carbon sinks that includes the information necessary to generate the project description. Carbon sink information will be explained in detail later. The fact that summary information contains less information than carbon sink information will be explained in detail later.

[0022] Furthermore, the sink source information is information about sink sources, including information necessary for generating the project description. The sink source information includes, for example, information for calculating the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed to be described in the project description (i.e., the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed with accuracy based on the description in the project description). The sink source information necessary for generating the project description includes information about the sink source and the substances that absorb carbon dioxide (i.e., the absorbers mentioned above) for calculating the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed, based on the specifications of the project description (in other words, described with the accuracy required by the body that certifies the project description). In this case, the information about the sink source and absorbers would include, for example, if the sink source is a forest and the absorbers are trees, the exact area of ​​the sink source, detailed information about the trees present in the sink source, and the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the trees, based on the specifications of the project description. Specific examples of sink source information will be explained in detail later. The project description is a document in which predetermined information is described in a predetermined format. In this disclosure, the project description is also referred to as the project description.

[0023] The summary information is for the purpose of easily calculating the approximate amount of carbon credits (for example, information for easily calculating the approximate amount of carbon dioxide absorbed, which is necessary for calculating the approximate amount of carbon credits). This approximate amount of absorbed carbon dioxide is not as precise as the amount of absorbed carbon dioxide stated in the project description.

[0024] The estimated amount of revenue from the sale of carbon credits of a carbon sink may be, for example, an estimated value of the carbon credits calculated from the estimated amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the carbon sink estimated from the summary information. The estimated amount of revenue from the sale of carbon credits of a carbon sink may also be, for example, an estimated amount of money that the rights holder of the carbon sink will receive from the sale of the carbon credits. The estimated amount of money that the rights holder of the carbon sink will receive from the sale of the carbon credits is, for example, the estimated value of the carbon credits minus expenses (including fees, etc.) necessary from the acquisition to the sale of the carbon credits. These necessary expenses are an estimated amount of necessary expenses. The estimated amount presentation unit 113 may present information including an estimated value of the carbon credits and an estimated amount of money that the rights holder of the carbon sink will receive from the sale of the carbon credits as information on the estimated amount of revenue from the sale of carbon credits of a carbon sink.

[0025] <Operation> Figure 2 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of a management system according to the first embodiment of this disclosure. In the example shown in Figure 2, first, the summary information receiving unit 111 receives summary information of carbon dioxide sinks (step S11). Next, the estimation unit 112 calculates an estimated amount of revenue from the sale of carbon credits of the sinks from the summary information (step S12). Then, the estimated amount presentation unit 113 presents the calculated estimated amount of revenue (step S13).

[0026] <Effects> The embodiment described above has the effect of supporting the decision of whether or not to create carbon credits.

[0027] The reason is that the estimation unit 112 calculates an estimated amount of revenue from the sale of carbon credits of a carbon sink based on the general information of the carbon sink, and the estimated amount presentation unit 113 presents the calculated estimated amount of revenue. Generally, the amount of carbon credits of a carbon sink is calculated using the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed, which is calculated using a calculation formula selected according to the sink. Calculating the amount of carbon credits of a carbon sink requires specialized knowledge. Therefore, it is difficult for a person without specialized knowledge to calculate the amount of carbon credits of a carbon sink or to estimate a rough amount. Consequently, it was difficult for a person without specialized knowledge to decide whether or not to create carbon credits of a carbon sink based on a comparison of the amount of revenue from the operation of the sink and the expected amount of revenue from the sale of carbon credits of the sink. According to this embodiment, information on the estimated amount of revenue calculated from the sale of carbon credits of a carbon sink can be obtained. Therefore, according to this embodiment, even a person without specialized knowledge can determine whether or not to create carbon credits from a carbon sink based on a comparison of the amount of revenue from the operation of the carbon sink and the estimated amount of revenue from the sale of carbon credits from the carbon sink. Thus, this embodiment has the effect of supporting the decision of whether or not to create carbon credits.

[0028] <Second Embodiment> Next, a second embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0029] <Structure> Figure 3 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a management system according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure. In the example shown in Figure 3, the management system 100 of the present disclosure includes an application processing unit 110, an absorption source information processing unit 120, a document creation unit 130, a document presentation unit 131, a verification application unit 140, a verification result presentation unit 141, an authentication application unit 150, an authentication result presentation unit 151, an issuance application unit 160, a transaction intermediary unit 170, and an information management unit 180. The management system 100 is communicably connected to a communication network.

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing a communication network to which a management system according to a second embodiment of this disclosure is connected, and devices connected to the communication network. In the example shown in Figure 4, the management system 100 is communicatively connected to the communication network 300. The communication network 300 is further communicatively connected to an applicant terminal 200, a verification device 400, an authentication device 500, and a purchaser terminal 700. The management system 100 can communicate with each of the applicant terminal 200, the verification device 400, the authentication device 500, and the purchaser terminal 700 via the communication network 300. The applicant terminal 200, the verification device 400, and the authentication device 500 may also be able to communicate with each other.

[0031] <Applicant terminal 200> Applicant terminal 200 is a terminal device used by the applicant. The applicant is a person who applies to create carbon credits. The applicant is, for example, a rights holder of a carbon sink.

[0032] The applicant inputs information into the applicant terminal 200 using the keyboard and mouse, or an input device such as a touch panel. The applicant terminal 200 transmits the input information to the management system 100 via the communication network 300. The applicant terminal 200 also receives information from the management system 100 via the communication network 300. The applicant terminal 200 presents the information received from the management system 100 to the applicant by displaying it on the applicant terminal 200's display or touch panel. In other words, the management system 100 transmits information to the applicant terminal 200 and presents the information to the applicant by displaying the received information on the applicant terminal 200's display device.

[0033] <Verification device 400> The verification device 400 is an information processing device managed by the verification body. The verification body is an organization (for example, a company or other entity) that verifies the carbon credit project description. Specifically, the verification of the carbon credit project description involves verifying the format of the carbon credit project description, that is, verifying whether the carbon credit project description meets the format standards.

[0034] The verification device 400 receives the carbon credit project description and the application for verification of the description (specifically, information requesting verification of the description) from the management system 100. The verification device 400 displays the received description on its display or touch panel or other display device.

[0035] The verification officer of the verification body verifies the received documents and inputs the verification results into the verification device 400 via the keyboard and mouse, or an input device such as a touch panel.

[0036] The verification device 400 notifies the management system 100 of the authentication result. The verification device 400 transmits information indicating the verification result (i.e., information indicating that the verification result is a pass, or information indicating that the verification result is a fail) to the management system 100 via the communication network 300. The verification device 400 may also transmit information indicating that the verification has been completed to the management system 100. When the management system 100 receives the information indicating that the verification has been completed, it may obtain information indicating the verification result from the verification device 400.

[0037] <Authentication device 500> The authentication device 500 is an information processing device managed by the authentication body. The authentication body is an organization (for example, a company or other entity) that authenticates carbon credit statements. Authentication of carbon credit statements is the authentication of the contents of the carbon credit statements. That is, the authentication body (specifically, a person in charge at the authentication body) determines whether the contents of the carbon credit statements are valid, for example, through visits and investigations by the person in charge at the locations described in the statements. If the contents of the carbon credit statements are valid, the authentication body generates information that certifies the contents of the carbon credit statements.

[0038] In this embodiment, the verification device 400 receives a carbon credit description and an application for authentication of the carbon credit description (specifically, information requesting authentication of the description) from the management system 100. In this embodiment, the authentication device 500 receives the description and the application for authentication of the description from the management system 100. The application for authentication of the carbon credit description may include information indicating that the verification result of the description is satisfactory. The authentication device 500 displays the received description on a display device such as a display or touch panel of the authentication device 500.

[0039] The certification officer of the certification body processes the certification of the received document and inputs the certification result into the certification device 500 via the keyboard and mouse, or an input device such as a touch panel.

[0040] The authentication device 500 notifies the management system 100 of the authentication result. The authentication device 500 transmits information indicating the authentication result (i.e., information indicating that the authentication result is pass or fail) to the management system 100 via the communication network 300. The authentication device 500 may also transmit information indicating that the authentication has been completed to the management system 100. When the management system 100 receives the information indicating that the authentication has been completed, it may obtain information indicating the authentication result from the authentication device 500.

[0041] <Purchaser's device 700> The buyer terminal 700 is a terminal device used by prospective buyers of carbon credits. The buyer terminal 700 transmits the conditions of the carbon credits it wishes to purchase to the transaction intermediary unit 170 of the management system 100, according to the instructions of the prospective buyer entered using the input device of the buyer terminal 700. The buyer terminal 700 receives information on carbon credits that match the conditions from the transaction intermediary unit 170 and displays the received carbon credit information on the display device of the buyer terminal 700. The buyer terminal 700 transmits information to the transaction intermediary unit 170 representing the offer to purchase the carbon credits selected by the prospective buyer using the input device from the received carbon credits.

[0042] <Management System 100> The application processing unit 110 of the management system 100 receives applications for the creation of carbon credits from the applicant terminal 200 (specifically, the applicant operating the applicant terminal 200).

[0043] The absorption source information processing unit 120 of the management system 100 receives information about absorption sources that are the target of carbon credit creation from the applicant terminal 200 (specifically, the applicant operating the applicant terminal 200).

[0044] Figure 5 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the application processing unit 110 and the absorption source information processing unit 120 of the management system 100 according to the second embodiment of this disclosure. The application processing unit 110 of this embodiment includes an outline information receiving unit 111, an estimation unit 112, an estimated amount presentation unit 113, and an application acceptance unit 114. The absorption source information processing unit 120 of this embodiment includes a request information presentation unit 121, an absorption source information receiving unit 122, an absorption source information storage unit 123, a necessary information identification unit 124, and an information generation unit 125.

[0045] <Summary Information Receiving Section 111> The summary information receiving unit 111 receives summary information of the carbon sinks that are the targets for carbon credit creation. The summary information receiving unit 111 receives summary information from the applicant terminal 200, for example, which is entered by the operator of the applicant terminal 200. In the following description, the operator of the applicant terminal 200 who enters the summary information will be referred to as the applicant for carbon credit creation. The applicant for carbon credit creation will also be referred to simply as the applicant.

[0046] Summary information is information about carbon sinks. As mentioned above, the project description includes the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the carbon sinks. To calculate this amount of carbon dioxide absorbed, information about the carbon sinks (i.e., carbon sink information), such as the example described later, is used. Summary information is less detailed than the carbon sink information used to calculate the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the carbon sinks described in the project description.

[0047] As mentioned above, the absorption source information is information about absorption sources, including the information necessary for generating the project description. Absorption source information includes, for example, several types of information about absorption sources (e.g., location of absorption source, total area, tree species, area for each tree species, current status, future operation plans, etc.). Specific examples of absorption source information will be explained in detail later. The project description is a document that contains predetermined information in a predetermined format. In this disclosure, the project description is also referred to as the project description.

[0048] In other words, the summary information is information for easily calculating the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by a sink, in order to calculate the estimated amount of carbon credits for the sink. The amount of carbon dioxide absorbed calculated from the summary information (i.e., the estimated value of the absorbed amount calculated by the absorption amount estimation unit 1122 described later) does not depend on the accuracy of the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed described in the project description (in other words, the accuracy of the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed required by the certification body). The accuracy of the estimated value of the absorbed amount calculated from the summary information by the absorption amount estimation unit 1122 described later may be lower than the accuracy of the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed required by the certification body. The summary information includes, for example, a part of the sink information, an estimated value of the numerical information contained in the sink information, and information on the group of absorbents contained in the sink information. The information on the group of absorbents is, for example, information indicating the group. If the absorbent is a tree, and the source information includes information on the type of tree (i.e., tree species) among the absorbents at the source, the summary information may include information indicating one of the groups of tree species (e.g., conifers and broad-leaved trees) as information indicating a group of absorbents. The summary information may also include information on groups of non-absorbent items, the information of which is used to calculate the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed.

[0049] The summary information may include, for example, one or more types of information about the sink. Specifically, the summary information may include, for example, information representing the location, area, tree species category, current status, and future operational plans of the sink.

[0050] The location of a saturation source is information that identifies the municipality where the saturation source is located. If the location of a saturation source spans multiple municipalities, the location of the saturation source is, for example, the municipality that includes the largest portion of the saturation source.

[0051] The area of ​​the absorption source is the area of ​​the absorption source expressed in a predetermined unit. The area of ​​the absorption source does not necessarily have to be precisely accurate.

[0052] The tree species category represents, for example, the category of the most dominant tree species among the trees growing in the carbon sink. The most dominant tree species among the trees growing in the carbon sink may also be the species with the largest number of individuals growing in the carbon sink. The most dominant tree species among the trees growing in the carbon sink may also be the species with the widest distribution area among the trees growing in the carbon sink. The tree species category may also be a classification of trees, such as conifers and broad-leaved trees. The classification of trees is not limited to this example. The tree species category may also be a species, which is the basic biological unit of trees. The tree species is not limited to the examples above.

[0053] The current status represents the current state of forest management. Specifically, the current status may represent the state of forest management over a predetermined period in the past. This predetermined period is, for example, set to be longer than the typical interval between tree fellings (e.g., several decades) when using trees as timber. The current status may represent, for example, that trees are being felled regularly, or that nothing is being done. In this case, thinning of trees does not need to be included in felling. If the carbon sink includes areas where regular felling is carried out and areas where no felling is carried out, the current status may represent the situation in the larger of these two areas. If felling has been carried out at least once in the predetermined period in the past, not necessarily regularly, information indicating that trees are being felled regularly may be entered as the current status.

[0054] The future operational plan is the plan for felling trees at carbon sinks, provided that carbon credits for the carbon sinks are approved. Specifically, the plan for felling trees at carbon sinks may mean, for example, felling trees at carbon sinks or protecting trees at carbon sinks without felling them. The future operational plan may be the plan entered by the applicant, reflecting the applicant's current intentions.

[0055] The summary information is not limited to the examples above.

[0056] The following explains the comparison between source information and summary information. Summary information contains less information than source information in terms of at least one of the following: the types of information it contains, and the level of detail of at least one of the types of information it contains. In other words, summary information contains less information than source information, meaning that at least one of the types of information it contains, and the level of detail of at least one of the types of information it contains, is less than that of source information.

[0057] Specifically, when summary information contains less information than sink information, it means, for example, that the number of parameters included in the summary information is less than the number of parameters included in the sink information. For example, the summary information may include parameters such as the location of the sink, the area of ​​the sink, the category of the tree species of the sink, the current operational status of the sink, and the future operational plan of the sink. The sink information may include parameters such as the location of the sink, the area of ​​the sink, the distribution of the tree species of the sink, the current operational status of the sink, the future operational plan of the sink, the soil distribution, and other information. In such a case, the number of parameters included in the summary information is less than the number of parameters included in the sink information.

[0058] Summary information being less information than source information means, for example, that the number of possible values ​​for a parameter included in the summary information is less than the number of possible values ​​for the corresponding parameter included in the source information. The category of tree species of the source, which is included as a parameter in the summary information, can be set to take two values, for example, a value representing conifers and a value representing broad-leaved trees. The tree species corresponding to the category of tree species of the source, which is included as a parameter in the source information, can be set to take various values, each representing different biological species and subspecies of trees.

[0059] Summary information containing less information than sink source information means, for example, that the number of parameters representing a certain item in the summary information is less than the number of parameters representing the same item in the sink source information. For example, in the summary information, the distribution of vegetation in a sink source may be represented by tree species categories. As mentioned above, possible values ​​for tree species categories are, for example, a value representing coniferous trees and a value representing broad-leaved trees. In this case, the value representing coniferous trees indicates that the vegetation throughout the sink source is coniferous. The value representing broad-leaved trees indicates that the vegetation throughout the sink source is broad-leaved. Furthermore, in the sink source information, the distribution of vegetation may be represented by tree species and a two-dimensional distribution of tree species.

[0060] Similarly, the parameter representing the current operational status of the absorption source in the summary information may be set to a value indicating that regular logging is being carried out throughout the entire absorption source, or a value indicating that no logging is being carried out throughout the entire absorption source. Furthermore, the parameter representing the current operational status of the absorption source in the absorption source information may be represented by a two-dimensional distribution of the area for each current operational status of the absorption source (i.e., a two-dimensional distribution of the area where regular logging is being carried out, and a two-dimensional distribution of the area where logging is not being carried out). The same applies to the future operational plan of the absorption source.

[0061] Furthermore, the summary information may be configured to include a parameter that integrates multiple parameters of the absorption source information, instead of the multiple parameters of the absorption source information. For example, the absorption source information may include the total area of ​​the absorption source and the area of ​​each tree species of absorption source as parameters, while the summary information may include the area of ​​the absorption source as a parameter.

[0062] The statement that the summary information contains less information than the source information may refer to a combination of at least one of the examples above.

[0063] Thus, summary information includes at least one of the following: a portion of the parameters of the absorption source information (corresponding to the types of information described above), and parameters whose number of possible values ​​is reduced compared to the parameters of the absorption source information. Parameters whose number of possible values ​​is reduced compared to the parameters of the absorption source information refer to parameters of the same type as the parameters of the absorption source information, which can take on any of several values ​​less than N, when the value of the parameter of the absorption source information is one of N values. Note that summary information may be the same as absorption source information.

[0064] The summary information receiving unit 111 may display a user interface for inputting summary information on the display device of the applicant terminal 200. In that case, the summary information receiving unit 111 receives the summary information entered using the user interface for inputting summary information displayed on the display device of the applicant terminal 200 from the applicant terminal 200.

[0065] <Estimation part 112> The estimation unit 112 calculates an estimated amount of carbon credits for the absorption source from the summary information received by the summary information receiving unit 111. The estimated amount of carbon credits for the absorption source is an estimated amount of carbon credits for the absorption source calculated using the summary information. The estimation unit 112 may calculate at least one of the following as the estimated amount of carbon credits for the absorption source: an estimated value of the sale price of the carbon credits and an estimated amount of income that the applicant will receive from the sale of the carbon credits (for example, the estimated sale price minus the estimated expenses).

[0066] Figure 6 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the estimation unit 112 of the management system 100 according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure. In the example shown in Figure 6, the estimation unit 112 includes an estimation formula selection unit 1121, an absorption amount estimation unit 1122, and an amount estimation unit 1123.

[0067] <Rough calculation formula selection section 1121> The estimation formula selection unit 1121 selects an estimation formula from a plurality of estimation formulas, using summary information, to calculate the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed per unit area by the absorption source during a predetermined period.

[0068] Each of the multiple estimation formulas is determined according to at least some of the values ​​in the summary information. Each of the multiple estimation formulas is associated, for example, with a condition for the value of at least some of the types of summary information. Each estimation formula is an expression that represents the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed per unit area by the sink over a given period, given that the value of the sink's summary information satisfies the condition associated with that estimation formula. Each of these conditions is represented by a combination of values ​​(or ranges of values) of at least some of the types of summary information. The condition is satisfied when all the values ​​of the types of summary information representing the condition in the sink's summary information are the values ​​representing the condition (or the values ​​fall within the range of values ​​representing the condition). The conditions associated with each of the multiple estimation formulas are set so that no two conditions are satisfied at the same time.

[0069] The approximate formula selection unit 1121 selects an approximate formula associated with the conditions that the received summary information satisfies. Specifically, the approximate formula selection unit 1121 extracts values ​​from the summary information for selecting an approximate formula, and selects an approximate formula associated with the conditions that the extracted values ​​satisfy.

[0070] The conditions associated with the estimation formula are represented, for example, by a combination of values ​​representing the climate of the location of the absorption source, the tree species of the absorption source, the current status of operation, and the planned future operation. The condition is satisfied when the values ​​representing the climate of the location of the absorption source, the tree species of the absorption source, the current status of operation, and the planned future operation included in the received summary information match the values ​​included in the condition. In this case, the estimation formula selection unit 1121 identifies the value representing the climate of the location of the absorption source included in the received summary information. At that time, the estimation formula selection unit 1121 has, for example, information representing the geographical distribution of the climate in advance. Then, the estimation formula selection unit 1121 identifies the climate at the location (i.e., the value representing the climate) from the information representing the geographical distribution of the climate. The value representing the climate may be, for example, at least one of the following: a value representing the average temperature, a value representing the average elevation, a value representing the combination of latitude and longitude of a representative point, or a value representing the trend of the average temperature for each predetermined period (e.g., month). The representative point is, for example, a point determined by a predetermined rule for the range of the absorption source (e.g., the centroid or the center of the circumscribed circle). The value representing the climate may include at least one of the annual precipitation and the trend of average precipitation for each predetermined period (e.g., month). The value representing the climate is not limited to the above examples. The approximate formula selection unit 1121 selects an approximate formula associated with a combination of the value representing the climate of the location of the absorption source and the value representing the tree species of the absorption source, the value representing the current status of operation, and the value representing the future operation plan, which are included in the received summary information.

[0071] Furthermore, at least some of the multiple estimation formulas may be of the same form, expressed by one or more coefficients and one or more variables. For example, at least some of the multiple estimation formulas may be formulas that calculate the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by a sink by multiplying a value representing the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed per unit area (as a coefficient) by a value representing the area of ​​the sink (as a variable). In this case, the coefficient is a value representing the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed per unit area, determined by the climate and tree species category of the sink's location. In this example, estimation formulas with different coefficients are considered different estimation formulas.

[0072] <Absorption amount estimation unit 1122> The absorption amount estimation unit 1122 uses a selected estimation formula to calculate an estimated value of the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the absorption source from the summary information of the absorption source. The calculated estimated value of the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the absorption source is, for example, an estimated value of the weight of carbon dioxide absorbed by the absorption source during a period from the present to a predetermined future time (in other words, a predetermined future period).

[0073] The amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by a sink is used to calculate the value of carbon credits. The amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by a sink used to calculate the value of carbon credits is calculated as an estimate of the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed over a predetermined period. This predetermined future period is the same as the predetermined period.

[0074] The absorption amount estimation unit 1122 may calculate an estimated weight of carbon dioxide absorbed by the absorption source over several predetermined future periods (for example, the period from the present to one year from now, and the period from the present to 30 years from now, etc.). Note that the number of predetermined future periods is not limited to the example above. In this case, one of the predetermined future periods is one of the predetermined periods described above.

[0075] <Amount estimation part 1123> The amount estimation unit 1123 calculates an estimated amount of revenue from the sale of carbon credits from the carbon sink, based on the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the carbon sink, which has been estimated by the absorption amount estimation unit 1122.

[0076] The estimated amount of revenue from the sale of carbon credits of a carbon sink may be, for example, an estimated value of the carbon credits calculated from the estimated amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the sink, which is estimated from the summary information. The amount estimation unit 1123 calculates, for example, the product of the amount per unit of carbon dioxide absorbed at the time of calculating the estimated amount of revenue (i.e., the market value) and the estimated amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the sink, as the estimated value of the carbon credits. The estimated amount of revenue from the sale of carbon credits of a carbon sink may also be, for example, an estimated amount of money that the rights holder of the carbon sink will receive from the sale of the carbon credits. The estimated amount of money that the rights holder of the carbon sink will receive from the sale of the carbon credits is, for example, the estimated value of the carbon credits minus expenses (including fees, etc.) necessary from the acquisition to the sale of the carbon credits. These necessary expenses are an estimated amount of necessary expenses. The estimated amount of necessary expenses is, for example, an amount predetermined as the amount of generally necessary expenses.

[0077] <Estimated amount presentation section 113> The estimated amount display unit 113 displays an estimated amount of revenue from the sale of carbon credits of the absorption source. The estimated amount display unit 113 transmits, for example, the estimated amount of revenue from the sale of carbon credits of the absorption source to the applicant terminal 200 and displays the transmitted estimated amount of revenue on the applicant terminal 200.

[0078] The estimated amount display unit 113 may display, in addition to the estimated amount of revenue, at least a portion of the entered summary information and the information calculated in the process of calculating the estimated amount (for example, the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed). In other words, the estimated amount display unit 113 transmits, for example, the estimated amount of revenue from the sale of carbon credits of the absorption source, in addition to the entered summary information and at least a portion of the information calculated in the process of calculating the estimated amount, to the applicant terminal 200, and displays the transmitted estimated amount of revenue, the summary information, and at least a portion of the information calculated in the process of calculating the estimated amount on the applicant terminal 200.

[0079] The estimated amount presentation unit 113 may present, as information on the estimated amount of revenue from the sale of carbon credits of the absorption source, at least one of the estimated value of the carbon credits and the estimated amount of money that the rights holder of the absorption source will receive from the sale of the carbon credits. The estimated amount presentation unit 113 may present, as information on the estimated amount of revenue from the sale of carbon credits of the absorption source, information including the estimated value of the carbon credits and the estimated amount of money that the rights holder of the absorption source will receive from the sale of the carbon credits.

[0080] <Application Reception Department 114> The application reception unit 114 accepts applications for carbon credit creation after information on the estimated amount of revenue from the sale of carbon credits of the absorption source has been provided.

[0081] An application for carbon credit creation is, for example, information in which the operator of applicant terminal 200 (in other words, the person who wishes to apply for carbon credit creation) consents to the creation of carbon credits for a carbon sink. An application for carbon credit creation includes, for example, information that identifies the operator of applicant terminal 200 and information requesting the creation of carbon credits for a carbon sink, as information that consents to the creation of carbon credits.

[0082] When the application reception unit 114 receives an application for carbon credit creation, it registers the operator of the applicant terminal 200 as the applicant for carbon credit creation. Specifically, when the application reception unit 114 receives an application for carbon credit creation, it stores the operator's information as information of the applicant for carbon credit creation in, for example, the absorption source information storage unit 123.

[0083] The application reception unit 114 receives information from applicants, such as information identifying the applicant, the applicant's address, and the applicant's email address, and registers the received information. The applicant's information is not limited to these examples.

[0084] <Request information presentation section 121> The request information presentation unit 121 presents a request for information used to generate carbon credits. The request for information used to generate carbon credits is information that encourages the provision of information used to generate carbon credits. The request information presentation unit 121 may present the request for information used to generate carbon credits to the applicant (specifically, the applicant terminal 200) by, for example, transmitting the request for information used to generate carbon credits to the applicant terminal 200 and displaying the received request on the applicant terminal 200.

[0085] The information used to create carbon credits includes, for example, information proving the applicant's eligibility and information on carbon sinks.

[0086] The request information display unit 121 may display a user interface for inputting information used to create carbon credits, such as information proving the applicant's eligibility and information on carbon sinks, as exemplified below.

[0087] Furthermore, when the request information presentation unit 121 receives information indicating the type of missing information from the necessary information identification unit 124 (which will be described in detail later), it presents a request for the missing information. The request information presentation unit 121 presents the request for the missing information to the applicant (specifically, the applicant terminal 200). In other words, the request information presentation unit 121 transmits the request for the missing information to the applicant terminal 200, causing the applicant terminal 200 to display the request for the missing information.

[0088] <<Examples of information to prove the applicant's eligibility>> Information proving the applicant's eligibility includes the applicant's personal identification information and information proving that the applicant has the right to request the creation of carbon credits from the absorption source (hereinafter also referred to as "rights verification information"). Personal identification information is, for example, a copy of a document that proves the applicant is the applicant, such as a driver's license, passport, or My Number card. A copy is, for example, an image file that can verify the contents of the document, such as a photograph or scanned image. Rights verification information is, for example, a copy of a document that proves the applicant owns the absorption source. Accounting verification information may also be, for example, a copy of a document that proves the owner of the absorption source owns the absorption source, and a copy of a document that proves the applicant has been authorized by the owner of the absorption source to apply for the creation of carbon credits. If multiple owners own the absorption source, rights verification information may also be, for example, copies of documents from all owners of the absorption source that prove that each owner owns the absorption source, and copies of a document that proves the applicant has been authorized by all owners of the absorption source to apply for the creation of carbon credits. The applicant may be one of the multiple owners of the absorption source. In that case, a copy of the document proving that the applicant has been authorized by the applicant to apply for the creation of carbon credits is not required.

[0089] <<Example of source information>> As described above, carbon sink information is information about carbon sinks that includes information necessary for generating the project description. Specifically, carbon sink information includes information that identifies the extent of the carbon sink. Carbon sink information may include the area of ​​each type of vegetation (i.e., tree type) (or information showing the ratio of the area of ​​each type of vegetation to the extent of the carbon sink). The area information for each type of vegetation may also be information on the distribution of each type of vegetation within the carbon sink. Note that subspecies of trees may be treated as separate types. Carbon sink information may include information on the percentage of area where periodic logging is carried out and the percentage of area where logging is not carried out for each type of tree. The percentage of area where periodic logging is carried out and the percentage of area where logging is not carried out may also be information on the distribution of areas where periodic logging is carried out and the distribution of areas where logging is not carried out within the carbon sink. Carbon sink information may also include information indicating whether or not forest protection is being carried out after carbon credits have been created. Information indicating whether or not forest protection will occur after carbon credits are created may include information indicating that regular logging is planned throughout the entire carbon sink area, or information indicating that logging will not occur and forests will be protected throughout the entire carbon sink area. Information indicating whether or not forest protection will occur after carbon credits are created may also include information on the distribution of areas where logging will not occur and forests will be protected after carbon credits are created, and information on the distribution of areas where regular logging is planned. Carbon sink information may include information indicating the distribution of carbon sinks by soil type. Carbon sink information may include other information.

[0090] <Absorption source information receiving unit 122> The absorption source information receiving unit 122 receives information used to create carbon credits from the applicant terminal 200, for example, via the user interface described above, in response to a request for information used to create carbon credits. The absorption source information receiving unit 122 stores the received information in the absorption source information storage unit 123.

[0091] Furthermore, the Request Information Presentation Unit 121 may, in response to instructions entered by the operator of the Management System 100 using the input device of the Management System 100, present an inquiry to the applicant terminal 200 regarding the date and time the applicant can be interviewed. The Absorbent Source Information Receiving Unit 122 may then receive information from the applicant terminal 200 regarding the date and time the applicant can be interviewed, which has been entered in response to the presentation of the inquiry. The Request Information Presentation Unit 121 may display the above interface on the display device of the Management System 100. The operator of the Management System 100 may input at least a portion of the information used to create carbon credits, obtained through the interview with the applicant, into the Management System 100 using the input device of the Management System 100. In this case, the Absorbent Source Information Receiving Unit 122 receives at least a portion of the information used to create carbon credits, which has been entered by the operator of the Management System 100 using the input device of the Management System 100. The Absorbent Source Information Receiving Unit 122 stores the received information in the Absorbent Source Information Storage Unit 123.

[0092] <Absorption source information storage unit 123> The carbon sink information storage unit 123 stores the applicant's information stored by the application acceptance unit 114. The carbon sink information storage unit 123 also stores the information used to create carbon credits, which is stored by the carbon sink information receiving unit 122. Furthermore, the carbon sink information storage unit 123 stores the information generated by the information generation unit 125, which is stored by the information generation unit 125. The information generated by the information generation unit 125 will be explained later.

[0093] <Necessary information identification section 124> The required information identification unit 124 identifies information used to create carbon credits that needs to be entered by the applicant, etc. (i.e., information necessary for creating carbon credits) that is not stored in the absorption source information storage unit 123 as missing information. The required information identification unit 124 has a prior record of the types of information used to create carbon credits that need to be entered by the applicant, etc. The required information identification unit 124 sends information representing the type of missing information to the requested information presentation unit 121.

[0094] As described above, when the request information presentation unit 121 receives information indicating the type of missing information, it presents a request for the missing information.

[0095] When the request information presentation unit 121 receives information indicating the type of missing information, it presents a request for the missing information to, for example, the applicant (specifically, the applicant terminal 200). In this case, the absorption source information receiving unit 122 receives the missing information entered by the applicant using the input device of the applicant terminal 200 from the applicant terminal 200.

[0096] When the request information presentation unit 121 receives information indicating the type of missing information, it presents the request for missing information to, for example, the operator of the management system 100. Specifically, the request information presentation unit 121 displays the request for missing information on the display device of the management system 100. In this case, the operator of the management system 100 inputs the missing information obtained, for example, through an interview with the inputter, using the input device of the management system 100. The absorption source information receiving unit 122 receives the missing information input by the operator of the management system 100 using the input device of the management system 100.

[0097] <Information generation unit 125> The information generation unit 125 generates at least a portion of the information to be included in the carbon credit statement from the information of the carbon sink stored in the carbon sink information storage unit 123. The information generated by the information generation unit 125 includes information on the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the carbon sink over a predetermined period in the future. The information generation unit 125 stores the generated information in the carbon sink information storage unit 123.

[0098] Figure 7 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the information generation unit 125 of the management system 100 according to the second embodiment of this disclosure. In the example shown in Figure 7, the information generation unit 125 includes an information extraction unit 1251, a calculation formula selection unit 1252, and an absorption amount estimation unit 1253.

[0099] <Information extraction section 1251> The information extraction unit 1251 extracts information to be included in the carbon credit description from the information of the carbon sink stored in the carbon sink information storage unit 123. The information extraction unit 1251 may also calculate or generate information to be included in the carbon credit description from the information of the carbon sink stored in the carbon sink information storage unit 123. The information extracted, calculated, or generated by the information extraction unit 1251 is at least a part of the information to be included in the carbon credit description. As information to be included in the carbon credit description, the information extraction unit 1251 may extract, for example, the area of ​​the region where trees of each tree species grow at the carbon sink. As information to be included in the carbon credit description, the information extraction unit 1251 may extract, for example, the area of ​​the region where soil of each soil type is distributed on the ground surface at the carbon sink. As information to be included in the carbon credit description, the information extraction unit 1251 may calculate, for example, an estimated value of the volume of trees of each tree species at the carbon sink. In this case, the information extraction unit 1251 pre-stores, for example, the value of the volume of trees per unit growing area corresponding to the time elapsed since logging. In addition, information on the planar distribution of the time elapsed since replanting after logging at the absorption source is received as absorption source information by the absorption source information receiving unit 122 and stored in the absorption source information storage unit 123. The information extraction unit 1251 calculates, for example, an estimated value of the volume of trees of each tree type at the absorption source from the value of the volume of trees per unit growing area corresponding to the time elapsed since logging, the planar distribution information of the time elapsed since logging at the absorption source, and the distribution information of each tree type at the absorption source. The information extracted, calculated, or generated by the information extraction unit 1251 is not limited to the above example.

[0100] The information extraction unit 1251 extracts, calculates, or generates information from the information of carbon sinks stored in the carbon sink information storage unit 123 and stores it in the carbon sink information storage unit 123 in a format suitable for inclusion in a carbon credit description. This format may be, for example, a table, a distribution diagram, or a graph.

[0101] The information extraction unit 1251 further extracts information used to calculate the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed from the absorption source information stored in the absorption source information storage unit 123. The information used to calculate the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed includes information used to select a calculation formula for calculating the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed and information used to calculate the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed using the calculation formula. At least a portion of the information used to select a calculation formula for calculating the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed may overlap with at least a portion of the information used to calculate the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed using the calculation formula.

[0102] Information used to select a formula for calculating absorption amounts includes, for example, values ​​representing the climate at the location of the sink, the types of trees growing at the sink, information indicating whether or not there has been regular logging in the past, and information indicating whether or not there will be future forest protection. The information used to select a formula for calculating absorption amounts is not limited to these examples. The information used to select a formula for calculating absorption amounts does not have to include at least one of these examples. Information used to calculate carbon dioxide absorption amounts using a formula includes, for example, the area of ​​the region where each type of tree growing at the sink is located, information indicating whether or not there has been regular logging in the past, and information indicating whether or not there will be future forest protection. The information used to calculate carbon dioxide absorption amounts using a formula is not limited to these examples. Information used to calculate carbon dioxide absorption amounts may include, for example, the results of remote sensing observations and information on a sink model generated by modeling using the results of those observations. Remote sensing observations are, for example, observations using measuring instruments mounted on a flying object such as a satellite, an airplane, or a drone. The results of remote sensing observations are, for example, data obtained by observing multiple observation points in a region containing a carbon sink in various wavelength ranges. The carbon sink model includes information on the state of the carbon sink (e.g., information on the quantity of each tree species growing in the carbon sink). The quantity information is, for example, at least one of the area of ​​the growing region, the weight of the trees, or the number of trees. The quantity information may be obtained at predetermined intervals since planting. The results of remote sensing observations may include results obtained from multiple observations. The modeling may include predicting changes in the state of the carbon sink. The carbon sink model may include information representing the state of the carbon sink and changes in the state of the former Shugendo site. The information used to calculate the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed using a calculation formula does not have to include at least one of these examples.

[0103] The information extraction unit 1251 may display information (for example, images, etc.) stored in the absorption source information storage unit 123 on the display device of the management system 100. The operator of the management system 100 may input information about the absorption source read from the information displayed on the display device of the management system 100 into the management system 100 using the input device of the management system 100. The information extraction unit 1251 may store the information input by the operator of the management system 100 using the input device of the management system 100 into the absorption source information storage unit 123.

[0104] The information extraction unit 1251 may transmit information (e.g., images) stored in the absorption source information storage unit 123 to another information processing device that can communicate with the management system 100. The information extraction unit 1251 may use the transmitted information to receive information generated by that information processing device from that information processing device. The management system 100 may store the information received from that information processing device in the absorption source information storage unit 123.

[0105] <Calculation formula selection section 1252> The calculation formula selection unit 1252 uses the information extracted, calculated, or generated by the information extraction unit 1251 (hereinafter referred to as "condition information") to select a calculation formula for calculating the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed from a plurality of calculation formulas. Similar to the plurality of approximate formulas described above, each of the plurality of calculation formulas may be associated with a condition for the value of the condition information. The conditions associated with each of the plurality of calculation formulas may be set so that multiple conditions are not satisfied simultaneously, that is, for the same value of the condition information.

[0106] Multiple calculation formulas may include one or more formulas that match any of the above-mentioned approximate formulas. Each of the multiple calculation formulas may be different from any of the above-mentioned approximate formulas.

[0107] <Absorption amount estimation unit 1253> The absorption amount estimation unit 1253 uses the selected calculation formula to estimate the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the absorption source over a predetermined future period, for example, for each type of tree in the case of trees, based on the information used to select the calculation formula for calculating the absorption amount described above. The absorption amount estimation unit 1253 further estimates the total amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the absorption source over a predetermined future period. The predetermined future period is, for example, a period of a predetermined length starting from the present. The predetermined future period may also be, for example, a period of a predetermined length starting from a point in the future. For a plurality of predetermined future periods, including a period of a predetermined length starting from the present and a period of a predetermined length starting from one or more points in the future, the absorption amount estimation unit 1253 may estimate, for example, the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by each type of tree by the absorption source and at least one of the total amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the absorption source, for example, for trees.

[0108] The absorption amount estimation unit 1253 stores the estimated amount of carbon dioxide absorbed (for example, the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by each type of tree at the absorption source over a predetermined period in the future, the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by artificial objects, and the total amount of carbon dioxide absorbed at the absorption source over a predetermined period in the future) in the absorption source information storage unit 123.

[0109] <Document Creation Department 130> The document creation unit 130 creates a carbon credit description using the information stored in the absorption source information storage unit 123. The document creation unit 130 may create a carbon credit description from the information stored in the absorption source information storage unit 123, for example, by using a creation model trained by machine learning to create a carbon credit description using absorption source information as input. The document creation unit 130 may, for example, embed at least a portion of the information stored in the absorption source information storage unit 123 into a carbon credit description template. The document creation unit 130 may display the description generated by embedding at least a portion of the information stored in the absorption source information storage unit 123 into the template on the display device of the management system 100. The document creation unit 130 may modify the description according to instructions for editing the description entered by an operator of the management system 100 using the input device of the management system 100. The document creation unit 130 may pass the information stored in the absorption source information storage unit 123 to an editing program running on the management system 100 or another information processing device that can communicate with the management system 100. In this case, the document creation unit 130 may pass to the information processing device the information stored in the absorption source information storage unit 123 and the template data of the description document, which are used to create the description document. The document creation unit 130 may also pass to the information processing device the data of the description document generated by embedding at least a portion of the information stored in the absorption source information storage unit 123 into the template. The document creation unit 130 may then receive the data of the description document edited by the operator of the information processing device on which the editing program is running from the information processing device. The document creation unit 130 may also have information on the template of the carbon credit description document in advance.

[0110] The document creation unit 130 sends the information of the carbon credit description that it has generated or received to the document presentation unit 131.

[0111] <Document Presentation Section 131> The document presentation unit 131 presents the carbon credit description information received from the document creation unit 130 to the applicant. Specifically, the document presentation unit 131 transmits the carbon credit description information to the applicant terminal 200, causing the applicant terminal 200 to display the carbon credit description information. The document presentation unit 131 may also send a message to the applicant terminal 200 prompting confirmation of the carbon credit description information. Furthermore, when the document presentation unit 131 receives a request for the carbon credit description sent from the applicant terminal 200 in accordance with the applicant's instructions, it may transmit the carbon credit description information to the applicant terminal 200.

[0112] The document presentation unit 131 receives information from the applicant terminal 200 indicating whether or not a carbon credit description is valid (hereinafter also referred to as description confirmation information), which has been entered by the applicant. The document presentation unit 131 transmits the received information indicating whether or not a carbon credit description is valid (i.e., description confirmation information) to the document creation unit 130. If the description confirmation information indicates that a carbon credit description is not valid, that is, that the carbon credit description needs to be corrected, the document creation unit 130 notifies the operator of the management system 100 that the carbon credit description needs to be corrected. When notified that the carbon credit description needs to be corrected, the operator of the management system 100 performs the operation to correct the description according to the information obtained from the applicant through interviews, etc. For example, the document creation unit 130 corrects the carbon credit description according to the correction instructions entered by the operator of the management system 100 using the input device of the management system 100. If the description confirmation information indicates that the carbon credit description needs to be corrected, the description confirmation information may include information indicating the corrections entered by the applicant using the input device of the applicant terminal 200. The document creation unit 130 may display the information indicating the corrections on the display device of the management system 100 and receive correction instructions entered by the operator of the management system 100 using the input device of the management system 100. In this case, the document creation unit 130, for example, corrects the carbon credit description according to the received correction instructions. If new information on absorption sources is required to correct the description, the request information presentation unit 121 may prompt the operator of the management system 100 to enter the necessary absorption source information. In this case, the absorption source information receiving unit 122 receives the new absorption source information from the applicant terminal 200. The document creation unit 130 uses at least one of the information received by the absorption source information receiving unit 122 and the information generated by the information generation unit 125 from the information received by the absorption source information receiving unit 122 to revise the carbon credit description in accordance with the instructions of the operator of the management system 100.If the carbon credit description is changed, the document preparation unit 130 transmits the information of the changed carbon credit description to the document presentation unit 131. The document presentation unit 131 then presents the received carbon credit description information to the applicant.

[0113] If the description confirmation information indicates that the carbon credit description is acceptable, that is, that no corrections to the carbon credit description are necessary, the document creation unit 130 sends the carbon credit description information to the verification application unit 140.

[0114] <Verification Application Section 140> When the Verification Application Unit 140 receives information on the carbon credit description from the Document Creation Unit 130, it sends the information on the carbon credit description and a request for verification of the carbon credit description to the Verification Device 400. The Verification Application Unit 140 may send the information on the carbon credit description and a request for verification of the carbon credit description to the Verification Device 400 in accordance with instructions from the operator of the Management System 100.

[0115] Verification of carbon credit statements involves verifying the format of the carbon credit statements. Format verification includes, for example, verifying that the format of the carbon credit statement meets predetermined standards and verifying that the carbon credit statement contains all the necessary information. However, format verification is not limited to these verifications. Format verification does not have to include at least one of these verifications.

[0116] The verification request unit 140 receives information representing the verification results from the verification device 400. The verification request unit 140 sends the received information representing the verification results to the verification result presentation unit 141.

[0117] If the received verification result is unsatisfactory, the verification application unit 140 sends information indicating that the verification result is unsatisfactory to the document creation unit 130. The document creation unit 130 modifies or regenerates the carbon credit description according to the instructions of the operator of the management system 100, for example, entered using the input device of the management system 100. In this case, the document presentation unit 131 similarly presents the modified or regenerated carbon credit description (i.e., the new carbon credit description) to the applicant. If the description confirmation information received by the document presentation unit 131 indicates that the carbon credit description is acceptable, it sends the information of the new carbon credit description and a request for verification of the carbon credit description to the verification device 400.

[0118] If the verification result is satisfactory, the verification application unit 140 sends the information of the carbon credit description for which the verification result was satisfactory to the certification application unit 150. In this case, the verification application unit 140 may also send the information of the carbon credit description for which the verification result was satisfactory, along with information indicating that the verification result was satisfactory, to the certification application unit 150.

[0119] <Verification Result Presentation Section 141> The verification result presentation unit 141 presents the applicant with information representing the received verification results. Specifically, the verification result presentation unit 141 may transmit the information representing the received verification results to the applicant terminal 200, causing the applicant terminal 200 to display the verification results. When the verification result presentation unit 141 receives the verification results, it may also transmit information to the applicant terminal 200 indicating that the verification results have been received. When the verification result presentation unit 141 receives a request for the verification results from the applicant terminal 200, it may also transmit information representing the verification results to the applicant terminal 200.

[0120] <Certification Application Section 150> The certification application unit 150 receives information from the verification application unit 140 regarding the carbon credit descriptions for which the verification was successful. The certification application unit 150 may also receive from the verification application unit 140 information regarding the carbon credit descriptions for which the verification was successful, as well as information indicating that the verification was successful.

[0121] When the certification application unit 150 receives information from the verification application unit 140 regarding carbon credit descriptions for which the verification results were successful, it sends the received information regarding carbon credit descriptions and a request for certification of the carbon credit descriptions to the certification device 500. The certification application unit 150 may also send to the certification device 500 information regarding carbon credit descriptions for which the verification results were successful, information indicating that the verification results were successful, and a request for certification of the carbon credit descriptions.

[0122] The authentication application unit 150 receives information representing the authentication result from the authentication device 500. The authentication application unit 150 sends the received information representing the authentication result to the authentication result presentation unit 151. The authentication application unit 150 notifies the operator of the management system 100 of the received information representing the authentication result. The authentication application unit 150 may, for example, display the received information representing the authentication result on the display device of the management system 100.

[0123] If the certification result is successful, the certification application unit 150 sends the information of the carbon credit description that has passed certification to the issuance application unit 160. The certification application unit 150 may also send the information of the carbon credit description that has passed certification, along with information indicating that the carbon credit description has passed certification, to the issuance application unit 160.

[0124] <Authentication Result Display Unit 151> The authentication result presentation unit 151 presents the applicant with information representing the received authentication result. Specifically, the authentication result presentation unit 151 may transmit the information representing the received authentication result to the applicant terminal 200, causing the applicant terminal 200 to display the authentication result. When the authentication result presentation unit 151 receives information representing the authentication result, it may also transmit information to the applicant terminal 200 indicating that the authentication result has been received. When the authentication result presentation unit 151 receives a request for the authentication result from the applicant terminal 200, it may also transmit information representing the authentication result to the applicant terminal 200.

[0125] <Issuance Application Section 160> The issuance application unit 160 receives information from the certification application unit 150 regarding the carbon credit description that has passed certification. Upon receiving the information regarding the carbon credit description that has passed certification, the issuance application unit 160 applies to the carbon credit issuing authority's information processing device for the issuance of carbon credits described by the carbon credit description that has passed certification. The issuance application unit 160 may also apply for the issuance of carbon credits described by the carbon credit description that has passed certification, in accordance with instructions entered by an operator of the management system 100 using the input device of the management system 100. In this embodiment, the carbon credit issuing authority is the same as the carbon credit verification authority. In this embodiment, the carbon credit issuing authority's information processing device is the verification device 400. However, the carbon credit issuing authority may be different from the carbon credit verification authority. Also, the carbon credit issuing authority's information processing device may be different from the verification device 400.

[0126] The application department 160 receives information on carbon credits issued in response to a request from the issuing organization's information processing device (e.g., verification device 400).

[0127] <Transaction Intermediation Department 170> The transaction intermediary unit 170 matches issued carbon credits with prospective buyers of carbon credits. Specifically, the transaction intermediary unit 170 receives information from the prospective buyer's information processing device (e.g., buyer terminal 700) that represents the conditions of the carbon credits they wish to purchase. The transaction intermediary unit 170 extracts carbon credits that match the conditions indicated by the received information. The transaction intermediary unit 170 transmits the extracted carbon credit information to the prospective buyer's information processing device (e.g., buyer terminal 700). When the transaction intermediary unit 170 receives an offer to purchase carbon credits from the prospective buyer's information processing device, it performs settlement and changes the ownership of the carbon credits for which an offer has been made.

[0128] <Information Management Department 180> The Information Management Unit 180 performs the amortization process for issued carbon credits. Specifically, the Information Management Unit 180 invalidates carbon credits that have reached their expiration date according to a predetermined invalidation method. In addition, if there are multiple carbon credits with the same absorption source, the Information Management Unit 180 identifies the valid carbon credit from among those multiple carbon credits. The Information Management Unit 180 then invalidates the carbon credits that were not identified as valid among those multiple carbon credits. The Information Management Unit 180 determines, for example, according to a predetermined determination method, which carbon credits among multiple carbon credits with the same absorption source have undergone legitimate certification. The Information Management Unit 180 invalidates the carbon credits that were not determined to be legitimately certified. If there are multiple carbon credits among multiple carbon credits with the same absorption source that have undergone legitimate certification, the Information Management Unit 180 selects one valid carbon credit according to a predetermined method. The Information Management Unit 180 may, for example, select the legitimately certified carbon credit with the earliest date and time of certification. The information management unit 180 performs a process to invalidate carbon credits other than the selected carbon credit among multiple carbon credits that share the same absorption source.

[0129] <Operation> Next, the operation of the management system according to the second embodiment of this disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0130] Figure 8 is a flowchart showing an example of the overall operation of the management system according to the second embodiment of this disclosure. In the example shown in Figure 8, the management system 100 first performs application processing (step S100). Next, the management system 100 performs absorption source information reception processing (step S200). Next, the management system 100 performs document creation processing (step S300). Then, the management system 100 performs authentication processing (step S400). Then, the management system 100 performs transaction processing (step S500).

[0131] The application process, absorption source information receipt process, document creation process, authentication process, and transaction process will be explained in detail below. The management system 100 may perform the application process, absorption source information receipt process, document creation process, and authentication process for new carbon credits in parallel with the transaction process for carbon credits that have already been issued.

[0132] Figure 9 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the application process of the management system according to the second embodiment of this disclosure. In the example shown in Figure 9, first, the summary information receiving unit 111 displays information prompting the input of summary information of the absorption source (step S110). The information prompting the input of summary information may be information for the user interface for inputting summary information. Next, the summary information receiving unit 111 receives the summary information of the absorption source (step S120). Then, the estimation unit 112 performs estimation processing to calculate the estimated amount of carbon credits of the absorption source (step S130). The estimation processing will be explained in detail later. Next, the estimated amount presentation unit 113 presents the estimated amount (step S140). For example, in addition to presenting the estimated amount, the estimated amount presentation unit 113 displays a prompt to apply for the creation of carbon credits of the absorption source (step S150). In step S150, the estimated amount presentation unit 113 may display a menu that allows the user to choose to recalculate the estimated amount. If the user selects to recalculate the estimated amount through an operation on that menu, the management system 100 may repeat the operations from step S110 onward. In this case, if information for a different absorption source is entered in step S120, the estimation unit 112 calculates the estimated amount of carbon credits for the different absorption source in step S130. Then, in step S140, the estimated amount presentation unit 113 presents the estimated amount of carbon credits for the different absorption source.

[0133] If the application receiving unit 114 accepts an application for the creation of carbon credits for a carbon sink (YES in step S160), the application receiving unit 114 receives applicant information, which is the applicant's information (step S170). If the application receiving unit 114 does not accept an application for the creation of carbon credits for a carbon sink (NO in step S160), the management system 100 terminates its operation.

[0134] Figure 10 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of the estimation process of the management system according to the second embodiment of this disclosure. In the example shown in Figure 10, the estimation formula selection unit 1121 uses summary information of the sink to select an estimation formula from a plurality of estimation formulas for the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed (step S131). In step S131, the estimation formula selection unit 1121 selects one estimation formula. Next, the absorption amount estimation unit 1122 uses the selected estimation formula to calculate an estimated value of the absorption amount of the sink from the summary information (step S132). Next, the amount estimation unit 1123 calculates an estimated amount of revenue from the sale of carbon credits of the sink from the calculated estimated value of the absorption amount (step S133).

[0135] Figure 11 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of the absorption source information reception process of the management system according to the second embodiment of this disclosure. In the example shown in Figure 11, the required information identification unit 124 identifies the absorption source information that needs to be received (step S210). This information that needs to be received is the information that has not yet been received, which is necessary for the creation of carbon credits from the absorption source. If there is no absorption source information that needs to be received (NO in step S220), the management system 100 terminates the operation shown in Figure 11.

[0136] If information about absorption sources that need to be received exists (YES in step S220), the request information presentation unit 121 presents information indicating the absorption source information that needs to be received, that is, the absorption source information that the applicant needs to input (step S230). The absorption source information receiving unit 122 receives the input absorption source information (step S240). The absorption source information receiving unit 122 stores the received information (step S250). In step S250, the absorption source information receiving unit 122 stores the received information in the absorption source information storage unit 123. Next, the management system 100 repeats the operations from step S210 onward.

[0137] Figure 12 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of the document creation process of a management system according to a second embodiment of this disclosure. In the example shown in Figure 12, first, the information extraction unit 1251 extracts information used to create a carbon credit statement from the information of the absorption source (step S310). Next, the calculation formula selection unit 1252 selects a calculation formula from a plurality of calculation formulas for absorption amount using the information of the absorption source (step S320). Next, the absorption amount estimation unit 1253 calculates the absorption amount of the absorption source from the information of the absorption source using the selected calculation formula (step S330). The absorption amount of the absorption source is the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the absorption source over a predetermined period in the future, as described above. Next, the document creation unit 130 generates a statement using the extracted information and the calculated absorption amount, for example, according to the instructions of an operator of the management system 100 (step S340).

[0138] Figure 13 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of the authentication process of the management system according to the second embodiment of this disclosure. In the example shown in Figure 13, the management system 100 of this embodiment first performs document verification processing (step S410). Next, the management system 100 performs content authentication processing (step S420). Then, the management system 100 performs issuance processing (step S430). The document verification processing, content authentication processing, and issuance processing will be described in detail later.

[0139] Figure 14 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of the document verification process of the management system according to the second embodiment of this disclosure. In the example shown in Figure 14, first, the verification application unit 140 transmits the carbon credit description and the verification request to the verification device 400 of the verification body (step S411). The verification application unit 140 receives the verification result from the verification device 400 (step S412). The verification result presentation unit 141 presents the verification result (step S413). If the verification result is not satisfactory (NO in step S414), in the example of Figure 14, the management system 100 terminates its entire operation. In this case, the management system 100 may repeat the operation from the document creation process in step S300 of Figure 8. At that time, the document creation unit 130 modifies or regenerates the description according to the instructions of the operator of the management system 100. If the verification result is satisfactory (YES in step S414), the management system 100 terminates the operation shown in Figure 14.

[0140] Figure 15 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the content authentication process of the management system according to the second embodiment of this disclosure. In the example shown in Figure 15, the authentication application unit 150 transmits the carbon credit description, the verification result, and the authentication request to the authentication device 500 of the authentication body (step S421). The authentication application unit 150 receives the authentication result from the authentication device 500 (step S422). Next, the authentication result presentation unit 151 presents the authentication result (step S423). If the authentication result is not successful (NO in step S424), the management system 100 terminates its entire operation. In this case, the management system 100 may repeat the operation from the document creation process in step S300 of Figure 8. If the authentication result is successful (YES in step S424), the management system 100 terminates the operation shown in Figure 15.

[0141] Figure 16 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of the issuance process of a management system according to a second embodiment of this disclosure. In the example shown in Figure 16, the issuance application unit 160 transmits the carbon credit description, the authentication result, and the request for credit issuance to the issuing device of the issuing body. In this embodiment, the issuing body is the same as the verification body, and the issuing device is the verification body's information processing device, which is the verification device 400. The issuance application unit 160 receives information on the issued credits (i.e., carbon credits) from the issuing device (step S432).

[0142] Figure 17 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of a transaction processing system according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. In the example shown in Figure 17, the information management unit 180 detects an invalid credit (step S510). In Figure 17, the credit is a carbon credit. If no invalid credit is detected (NO in step S520), the management system 100 then performs the operation in step S540.

[0143] If an invalid credit is detected (YES in step S520), the information management unit 180 invalidates the invalid credit (step S530).

[0144] In step S540, the management system 100 performs a matching process (step S540). The matching process will be explained in detail later. Then, the management system 100 completes the operation shown in Figure 17. The management system 100 may repeatedly perform the operation shown in Figure 17 in parallel with the operation from step S100 to step S400 in Figure 8.

[0145] Figure 18 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of the matching process of the management system according to the second embodiment of this disclosure. In the example shown in Figure 18, the transaction intermediary unit 170 receives conditions for credits from, for example, the buyer terminal 700 (step S561). The transaction intermediary unit 170 extracts credits that satisfy the received conditions (step S562). The transaction intermediary unit 170 presents the information of the extracted credits, i.e., the information of credits that satisfy the conditions, to the buyer terminal 700 that sent the conditions (step S563). The transaction intermediary unit 170 accepts an offer to purchase the selected credits from the buyer terminal 700 (step S564). If no offer to purchase is received (NO in step S565), the management system 100 terminates the operation shown in Figure 18.

[0146] If an offer to purchase is received (YES in step S565), the transaction intermediary 170 executes the sale process for the credit for which an offer to purchase has been received (step S566). The sale process includes, for example, the settlement process associated with the sale and the process of changing the name on the credit being sold to the buyer.

[0147] <Effects> This embodiment has the same effects as the first embodiment. The reason for this is the same as the reason for the effects of the first embodiment.

[0148] <First modified example of the second embodiment> The management system 100 does not have to include at least one of the transaction intermediation unit 170 and the information management unit 180. If the management system 100 does not include the information management unit 180, the management system 100 does not perform amortization processing of issued carbon credits. If the management system 100 does not include the transaction intermediation unit 170, the management system 100 does not mediate transactions of issued carbon credits. If the management system 100 includes the information management unit 180 but does not include the transaction intermediation unit 170, the information management unit 180 receives information on issued carbon credits, for example, from the issuance application unit 160.

[0149] <Second modified example of the second embodiment> Furthermore, the application for certification of the project description may be made by a verification body. In that case, the certification application unit 150 does not apply for certification of the project description. The verification body may be instructed to apply for certification of the project description without receiving a certification instruction from the management system 100 if the verification of the project description is satisfactory. In that case, the certification application unit 150 does not need to send a certification instruction for the project description. The verification body may be instructed to apply for certification of the project description upon receiving a certification instruction from the management system 100 if the verification of the project description is satisfactory. In that case, the certification application unit 150 sends a certification instruction for the project description to the verification body if it has received a verification of the project description from the verification body.

[0150] In these cases, the certification application unit 150 receives the certification result of the project description from the verification body.

[0151] <Third modified example of the second embodiment> Carbon credit information may be implemented using existing blockchain technology.

[0152] In that case, the document creation unit 130 registers the hash information of the project description on the blockchain.

[0153] The verification application unit 140 uses the hash information from the previous step to verify that the project information being submitted has not been tampered with, and performs internal verification. The verification application unit 140 also registers the hash of the verification result on the blockchain.

[0154] The authentication request unit 150 uses the hash of the project information from the previous step and the hash of the verification result to verify that the data has not been tampered with, and then performs the authentication process. The authentication request unit 150 also registers the hash of the authentication result on the blockchain.

[0155] The application processing unit 160 verifies that the data has not been tampered with using the hash of the project information from the previous step, the hash of the verification result, and the hash of the authentication result, and then processes the application.

[0156] Transaction intermediary unit 170 adds a new block containing transaction information to the blockchain of carbon credits for which a buy and sell contract has been concluded. The transaction information may be defined as appropriate.

[0157] Information Management Unit 180 issues a new transaction containing information indicating that the carbon credit has expired is invalid on the blockchain. Information Management Unit 180 verifies the validity of the data using the hash registered on the blockchain. If the hashes do not match, Information Management Unit 180 determines that the data is fraudulent.

[0158] In this modified example, for instance, the management system 100, the verification device 400, and the authentication device 500 operate as nodes that store blockchain data. The applicant terminal 200 and the purchaser terminal may also operate as nodes that store blockchain data.

[0159] <Other Embodiments> A management system according to the embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented by a computer including a memory on which a program read from a storage medium is loaded, and a processor that executes the program. A management system according to the embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented by dedicated hardware. A management system according to the embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented by a combination of the aforementioned computer and dedicated hardware.

[0160] Figure 19 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a computer 1000 that can implement a management system according to the embodiment of this disclosure. In the example shown in Figure 19, the computer 1000 includes a processor 1001, memory 1002, storage device 1003, and an I / O (Input / Output) interface 1004. The computer 1000 can also access a storage medium 1005. Memory 1002 and storage device 1003 are, for example, storage devices such as RAM (Random Access Memory) and hard disks. Storage medium 1005 is, for example, a storage device such as RAM and hard disks, ROM (Read Only Memory), and a portable storage medium. Storage device 1003 may also be storage medium 1005. The processor 1001 can read and write data and programs to and from memory 1002 and storage device 1003. The processor 1001 can access other information processing devices, etc., connected to a communication network 300, for example, via the I / O interface 1004. The processor 1001 can access the storage medium 1005. The storage medium 1005 stores a program that causes the computer 1000 to operate as a management system according to the embodiment of this disclosure.

[0161] The processor 1001 loads into the memory 1002 a program stored in the storage medium 1005 that causes the computer 1000 to operate as a management system according to the embodiment of this disclosure. The processor 1001 then executes the program loaded into the memory 1002, causing the computer 1000 to operate as a management system according to the embodiment of this disclosure.

[0162] The application processing unit 110, absorption source information processing unit 120, document creation unit 130, document presentation unit 131, verification application unit 140, verification result presentation unit 141, authentication application unit 150, authentication result presentation unit 151, issuance application unit 160, transaction intermediation unit 170, and information management unit 180 can be implemented, for example, by a processor 1001 that executes a program loaded into memory 1002. The summary information receiving unit 111, estimation unit 112, estimated amount presentation unit 113, application acceptance unit 114, request information presentation unit 121, absorption source information receiving unit 122, necessary information identification unit 124, and information generation unit 125 can be implemented, for example, by a processor 1001 that executes a program loaded into memory 1002. The approximate formula selection unit 1121, the absorption amount estimation unit 1122, the amount estimation unit 1123, the information extraction unit 1251, the calculation formula selection unit 1252, and the absorption amount estimation unit 1253 can be implemented, for example, by a processor 1001 that executes a program loaded into memory 1002.

[0163] The absorption source information storage unit 123 can be realized by a memory 1002 included in the computer 1000 or a storage device 1003 such as a hard disk drive.

[0164] Some or all of the application processing unit 110, absorption source information processing unit 120, document creation unit 130, document presentation unit 131, verification application unit 140, verification result presentation unit 141, authentication application unit 150, authentication result presentation unit 151, issuance application unit 160, transaction intermediation unit 170, and information management unit 180 can be implemented by dedicated circuits that realize the functions of each unit. Some or all of the summary information receiving unit 111, estimation unit 112, estimated amount presentation unit 113, application acceptance unit 114, requested information presentation unit 121, absorption source information receiving unit 122, absorption source information storage unit 123, necessary information identification unit 124, and information generation unit 125 can be implemented by dedicated circuits that realize the functions of each unit. The approximate formula selection unit 1121, the absorption amount estimation unit 1122, the amount estimation unit 1123, the information extraction unit 1251, the calculation formula selection unit 1252, and the absorption amount estimation unit 1253 can be partially or entirely implemented by dedicated circuits that realize the functions of each unit.

[0165] Furthermore, some or all of the above embodiments may also be described as follows, but are not limited to the following.

[0166] (Note 1) A means for receiving summary information about carbon dioxide sinks, A means for calculating an estimated amount of revenue from the sale of carbon credits of the absorption source based on the above summary information, An estimated amount presentation means for presenting an estimated amount of the calculated income, A management system equipped with the following features.

[0167] (Note 2) Application acceptance means that, upon acceptance of an application in response to the presentation of an estimated amount of the aforementioned revenue, registers the provider of the summary information as the applicant for the carbon credits of the absorption source. The management system described in Appendix 1, which includes the following:

[0168] (Note 3) The aforementioned estimation means is, An absorption amount estimation means for estimating the approximate amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the absorption source over a predetermined future period using the summary information, An amount estimation means for calculating the estimated amount of revenue using the estimated absorption amount, A management system as described in Appendix 1 or 2, comprising:

[0169] (Note 4) The aforementioned estimation means is, A formula selection means for selecting at least one formula for calculating the approximate amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the absorption source from a plurality of formulas for calculating the approximate amount of carbon dioxide absorbed, using the summary information, Equipped with, The absorption amount estimation means estimates the approximate absorption amount using the selected estimation formula and the summary information. The management system described in Appendix 3.

[0170] (Note 5) The aforementioned estimation formulas are not identical to several formulas that are used, at least in part, to calculate carbon dioxide absorption amounts included in project descriptions containing information on carbon credits. The management system described in Appendix 4.

[0171] (Note 6) The summary information includes at least one of the following: information indicating the main vegetation group in the carbon sink; information indicating whether or not logging is planned if the carbon credits are issued; and information indicating whether or not there is a history of regular logging. The management system described in Appendix 1 or 2.

[0172] (Note 7) We receive an overview of carbon dioxide sinks. Based on the above summary information, we calculate the estimated amount of revenue from the sale of carbon credits of the aforementioned absorption source. A management method that presents an estimated amount of the calculated income.

[0173] (Note 8) If an application is accepted in response to the presentation of an estimated amount of the aforementioned revenue, the provider of the summary information will be registered as the applicant for the carbon credits of the aforementioned absorption source. Management method as described in Appendix 7.

[0174] (Note 9) Using the above summary information, estimate the approximate amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the absorption source over a predetermined future period. Using the estimated absorption amount, the estimated amount of the revenue is calculated. The management method described in Appendix 7 or 8.

[0175] (Note 10) From among several estimation formulas for calculating an approximate amount of carbon dioxide absorbed, at least one estimation formula for calculating the approximate amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the absorption source is selected using the summary information. The estimated absorption amount is estimated using the selected approximate formula and the summary information. Management method as described in Appendix 9.

[0176] (Note 11) The aforementioned estimation formulas are not identical to several formulas that are used, at least in part, to calculate carbon dioxide absorption amounts included in project descriptions containing information on carbon credits. Management method as described in Appendix 10.

[0177] (Note 12) The summary information includes at least one of the following: information indicating the main vegetation group in the carbon sink; information indicating whether or not logging is planned if the carbon credits are issued; and information indicating whether or not there is a history of regular logging. The management method described in Appendix 7 or 8.

[0178] (Note 13) Summary information receiving process to receive summary information about carbon dioxide absorption sources, Based on the above summary information, an estimation process is performed to calculate the approximate amount of revenue from the sale of carbon credits of the absorption source. A process for presenting an estimated amount of the calculated revenue, A program that causes a computer to execute something.

[0179] (Note 14) When an application is accepted in response to the presentation of an estimated amount of the aforementioned revenue, the application acceptance process registers the provider of the summary information as the applicant for the carbon credits of the absorption source. The program described in Appendix 13 that causes a computer to execute.

[0180] (Note 15) The aforementioned estimation process is, Using the summary information, an absorption estimation process is performed to estimate the approximate amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the absorption source over a predetermined future period. Using the estimated absorption amount, the estimated amount of revenue is calculated using the estimated absorption amount, The programs described in Appendix 13 or 14, including the program described in Appendix 13 or 14.

[0181] (Note 16) The aforementioned estimation process is, A formula selection process that selects, using the summary information, at least one formula for calculating the approximate amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the absorption source from among several formulas for calculating the approximate amount of carbon dioxide absorbed, Includes, The absorption amount estimation process estimates the approximate absorption amount using the selected estimation formula and the summary information. The program described in Appendix 15.

[0182] (Note 17) The aforementioned estimation formulas are not identical to several formulas that are used, at least in part, to calculate carbon dioxide absorption amounts included in project descriptions containing information on carbon credits. The program described in Appendix 16.

[0183] (Note 18) The summary information includes at least one of the following: information indicating the main vegetation group in the carbon sink; information indicating whether or not logging is planned if the carbon credits are issued; and information indicating whether or not there is a history of regular logging. The program described in Appendix 13 or 14.

[0184] Although the present disclosure has been described above with reference to embodiments, the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described above. Various modifications to the structure and details of the present disclosure can be understood by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0185] This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2022-190457, filed on 29 November 2022, and incorporates all of its disclosures herein. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0186] 10 Management Systems 100 Management Systems 110 Application Processing Section 111 Overview Information Receiving Department 112 Estimation section 113 Estimated amount presentation section 114 Application Reception Department 120 Absorption source information processing unit 121 Request information presentation section 122 Absorption source information receiving unit 123 Absorption source information storage unit 124 Necessary information identification department 125 Information generation section 130 Document Creation Department 131 Document Presentation Section 140 Verification Application Department 141 Verification Result Presentation Section 150 Certification Application Department 151 Authentication Result Presentation Section 160 Issuance Application Department 170 Trading Intermediation Department 180 Information Management Department 200 Applicant terminals 300 Communication Networks 400 Verification Equipment 500 Authentication Devices 700 Purchaser terminals 1000 computers 1001 Processor 1002 memory 1003 Storage device 1004 I / O Interface 1005 Storage medium 1121 Selection of approximate formula 1122 Absorption amount estimation section 1123 Amount Estimation Department 1251 Information extraction part 1252 Calculation formula selection section 1253 Absorption amount estimation unit

Claims

1. A means for receiving summary information about carbon dioxide sinks, A means for calculating an estimated amount of revenue from the sale of carbon credits of the absorption source based on the above summary information, An estimated amount presentation means for presenting an estimated amount of the calculated income, Absorption source information receiving means for receiving absorption source information indicating information about the absorption source, An absorption amount estimation means that estimates the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the absorption source over a predetermined period in the future, using the absorption source information, A document creation means for creating a project description document that records information regarding the carbon credits of the absorption source, using the absorption source information and the absorption amount. Equipped with, The aforementioned summary information is less information than the aforementioned absorption source information. Management system.

2. Application acceptance means that, upon acceptance of an application in response to the presentation of an estimated amount of the aforementioned revenue, registers the provider of the summary information as the applicant for the carbon credits of the absorption source. The management system according to claim 1, comprising:

3. The aforementioned estimation means is, An absorption amount estimation means for estimating the approximate amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the absorption source over a predetermined future period using the summary information, An amount estimation means for calculating the estimated amount of revenue using the estimated absorption amount, The management system according to claim 1 or 2, comprising:

4. The aforementioned estimation means is, A formula selection means for selecting at least one formula for calculating the approximate amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the absorption source from a plurality of formulas for calculating the approximate amount of carbon dioxide absorbed, using the summary information, Equipped with, The absorption amount estimation means estimates the approximate absorption amount using the selected estimation formula and the summary information. The management system according to claim 3.

5. The aforementioned estimation formulas are not identical to several formulas that are used, at least in part, to calculate carbon dioxide absorption amounts included in project descriptions containing information on carbon credits. The management system according to claim 4.

6. The summary information includes at least one of the following: information indicating the main vegetation group in the carbon sink; information indicating whether or not logging is planned if the carbon credits are issued; and information indicating whether or not there is a history of regular logging. The management system according to claim 1 or 2.

7. A computer, We receive an overview of carbon dioxide sinks. Based on the above summary information, we calculate the estimated amount of revenue from the sale of carbon credits of the aforementioned absorption source. The estimated amount of the aforementioned income calculated is presented, The absorption source information, which indicates information about the absorption source, Using the aforementioned absorption source information, the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the absorption source over a predetermined future period is estimated. Using the aforementioned absorption source information and the amount of absorption, a project description document is prepared that contains information regarding the carbon credits of the absorption source. The aforementioned summary information is less information than the aforementioned absorption source information. Management method.

8. The computer If an application is accepted in response to the presentation of an estimated amount of the aforementioned revenue, the provider of the summary information will be registered as the applicant for the carbon credits of the aforementioned absorption source. The management method described in claim 7.

9. Summary information receiving process to receive summary information about carbon dioxide absorption sources, Based on the above summary information, an estimation process is performed to calculate the estimated amount of revenue from the sale of carbon credits of the absorption source, A process for presenting an estimated amount of the calculated revenue, A process for receiving absorption source information that indicates information about the absorption source, Using the aforementioned absorption source information, an absorption amount estimation process is performed to estimate the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the absorption source over a predetermined future period. A document creation process that uses the aforementioned absorption source information and the amount of absorption to create a project description document that records information regarding the carbon credits of the absorption source, Have the computer run it, The aforementioned summary information is less information than the aforementioned absorption source information. program.

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