Marine Horse

Abstract

To provide a marine hose capable of securing sufficient impact absorbing performance while reducing a load on a reinforcement layer for absorbing an impact when a main reinforcement layer group is broken.SOLUTION: An auxiliary reinforcement layer group 7 for assisting a main reinforcement layer group 4 is laminated in at least one position of the inside of a buoyancy layer 6 and an outer peripheral side from the buoyancy layer 6 in a floating-type marine hose 1 in which the main reinforcement layer group 4 and the buoyancy layer 6 are laminated sequentially from an inner peripheral side between an inner surface rubber layer 3 and a cover layer 8. With this, when the main reinforcement layer group 4 is broken, impact force generated by a flowing body L flowing in a flow channel 1a is absorbed and softened by the buoyancy layer 6 interposed between the main reinforcement layer group 4 and the auxiliary reinforcement layer group 7, and impact force acting on the auxiliary reinforcement layer group 7 is reduced, and sufficient impact absorbing performance is secured.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a marine hose, and more particularly to a marine hose capable of ensuring sufficient shock absorption performance while reducing the burden on a reinforcing layer for absorbing shock when a main reinforcing layer group is damaged.

Background Art

[0002] As a structure of a marine hose for connecting a tanker at sea and a land facility or the like to transport a fluid such as crude oil, a so-called double carcass type is known. In a double carcass type marine hose, a main reinforcing layer group (inner carcass layer group) and an outer carcass layer group are sequentially laminated between an inner rubber layer and a cover layer. Even if the main reinforcing layer group is damaged, if the outer carcass layer group is sound, it is possible to prevent the fluid flowing out from the main reinforcing layer group from leaking to the outside of the hose by the outer carcass layer group.

[0003] When the main reinforcing layer group is damaged, the internal pressure acting on the outer carcass layer group may rapidly increase. Therefore, the outer carcass layer group must be designed to withstand the impact at that time. For this reason, the outer carcass layer group is composed of a considerable number of carcass layers laminated, and it is difficult to reduce the number of laminated layers. Along with this, it is also disadvantageous for weight reduction of the marine hose.

[0004] Therefore, a double carcass type marine hose has been proposed that aims to improve the shock absorption performance of the outer carcass layer group while reducing the weight and cost of the marine hose (see Patent Document 1). In the marine hose proposed in Patent Document 1, the above problems are solved by devising the specifications of the carcass cords used for the outer carcass layer group. However, in a double carcass type marine hose, since high shock absorption performance is required for the outer carcass layer group, there is a limit to ensuring sufficient shock absorption performance only by devising the specifications of the carcass cords. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the number of carcass layers of the outer carcass layer group to some extent.

Prior Art Documents

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2013-249932 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a marine hose that can ensure sufficient shock absorption performance while reducing the burden on the reinforcing layers to absorb impact when the main reinforcing layer group is damaged. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] To achieve the above objective, the marine hose of the present invention has a group of main reinforcing layers and a buoyancy layer laminated in order from the inner circumference between an inner rubber layer and a cover layer, and has connecting ends arranged at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the hose, each of which has a nipple extending in the longitudinal direction of the hose and a flange joined to the longitudinal end of the nipple, and one end of the group of main reinforcing layers is The nipple wire at one end and One of the nipples Using a fixing ring protruding from the outer surface One of the nipples is fixed, and the other end of the main reinforcing layer group is The nipple wire at the other end and The other nipple Using a fixing ring protruding from the outer surface In the floating-type marine hose fixed to the other nipple, the thickness of the buoyancy layer in parts other than both ends in the longitudinal direction of the hose is 60 mm to 300 mm. Between the buoyancy layer and the cover layer A group of auxiliary reinforcing layers is stacked on top of the group of main reinforcing layers, and one end of the group of auxiliary reinforcing layers is The nipple wire at one end and One of the nipples Using a fixing ring protruding from the outer surface One end of the auxiliary reinforcing layer group is fixed to the nipple, and the other end of the auxiliary reinforcing layer group is The nipple wire at the other end and The other nipple Using a fixing ring protruding from the outer surface The other nipple is fixed to Furthermore, the other group of auxiliary reinforcing layers is located inside the buoyancy layer, and its arrangement is at a position half the thickness of the buoyancy layer or further outward. It is characterized by the following: [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] According to the present invention, since the auxiliary reinforcing layers that reinforce the main reinforcing layer group are laminated inside the buoyancy layer or on the outer periphery of the buoyancy layer, a buoyancy layer is interposed between the main reinforcing layer group and the auxiliary reinforcing layer group. Therefore, if the main reinforcing layer group is damaged, the impact force generated by the fluid flowing through the channel is absorbed and mitigated to some extent by the buoyancy layer. As a result, it becomes possible to ensure sufficient impact absorption performance while reducing the impact force acting on the auxiliary reinforcing layer group. Consequently, there is no need to make the auxiliary reinforcing layer group excessively strong, which makes it possible to reduce the number of layers of auxiliary reinforcing layers constituting the auxiliary reinforcing layer group and to lighten the marine hose. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0009] [Figure 1] This is an explanatory diagram illustrating the marine hose of the present invention. [Figure 2] This is an explanatory diagram illustrating a magnified, longitudinal cross-sectional view of a portion of the marine hose shown in Figure 1. [Figure 3] Figure 2, section AA, is an explanatory diagram illustrating the cross-sectional structure of a marine hose. [Figure 4] This is an explanatory diagram illustrating an auxiliary reinforcement layer by cutting out a portion of the marine hose shown in Figure 1. [Figure 5] This is an explanatory diagram showing a modified example of the auxiliary reinforcement layer in Figure 4. [Figure 6] This is an explanatory diagram illustrating another embodiment of a marine hose, shown in a partially enlarged cross-sectional view. [Figure 7] This is an explanatory diagram illustrating yet another embodiment of the marine hose, shown in a partially enlarged cross-sectional view. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0010] The marine hose of the present invention will be described below based on the embodiment shown in the figure.

[0011] The embodiments of the marine hose 1 illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3 are provided with connecting end portions 2 at both longitudinal ends thereof for connecting another marine hose 1. The connecting end portion 2 has a nipple 2b extending in the longitudinal direction of the marine hose 1 and a flange 2a joined to one longitudinal end of the nipple 2b. Generally, about 8 to 10 marine hoses 1 are connected and used. The one-dot chain line CL in the figure is a center line passing through the center of the cross-section of the marine hose 1 and extending in the hose longitudinal direction. In FIGS. 3, 6, and 7, a range of 1 / 4 of the cross-section of the marine hose 1 is shown, but the other ranges (3 / 4 range) not shown have the same structure.

[0012] Between the nipples 2b at both ends of the marine hose 1, an inner rubber layer 3, a main reinforcing layer group 4, a body wire layer 5, a buoyancy layer 6, an auxiliary reinforcing layer group 7, and a cover layer 8 are coaxially laminated in this order on the outer peripheral side around the cylindrical flow path 1a (that is, around the center line CL). The main reinforcing layer group 4, the body wire layer 5, and the auxiliary reinforcing layer group 7 are fixed to the nipple 2b by the nipple wires 4w, 5w, 7w at one end of each and fixed rings 2c protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the nipple 2b.

[0013] The inner peripheral surface of the inner rubber layer 3 becomes the flow path 1a for the fluid L. Examples of the fluid L include crude oil, gasoline, LPG, etc. The inner rubber layer 3 is made of an appropriate material depending on the type of the fluid L. When the fluid L is crude oil or the like, the inner rubber layer 3 is formed of nitrile rubber or the like having excellent oil resistance. [[ID=九]]

[0014] The main reinforcing layer group 4 is composed of a plurality of main reinforcing layers 4A to 4H laminated. The main reinforcing layers 4A to 4H are not limited to 8 layers, and the appropriate number of layers is set as needed, for example, set to about 4 to 30 layers. That is, the main reinforcing layer group 4 has a multi-layer structure formed by a plurality of main reinforcing layers 4A to 4F. Each of the main reinforcing layers 4A to 4H is formed by arranging a number of rubber-coated reinforcing cords in parallel.

[0015] In each of the main reinforcing layers 4A to 4H, a large number of reinforcing cords extend obliquely at a predetermined angle with respect to the center line CL. Between the main reinforcing layers laminated adjacent to each other vertically, the inclination directions of the reinforcing cords are arranged to intersect in opposite directions. As the reinforcing cords, resin fiber cords made of polyester, polyketone, aramid, vinylon, nylon, etc., which are usually used in marine hoses, or steel cords are used.

[0016] Each of the main reinforcing layers 4A to 4H is covered with a thin rubber layer for adhesion, and the adjacent main reinforcing layers are adhered through this thin rubber layer. Also, the inner peripheral surface of the main reinforcing layer group 4 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner rubber layer 3 are in contact and adhered.

[0017] The main body wire layer 5 is formed by spirally winding reinforcing wires 5r at a predetermined interval around the outer rubber of the main reinforcing layer group 4. The main body wire layer 5 is also covered with a rubber layer for adhesion. The main body wire layer 5 can be provided optionally. Also, the main body wire layer 5 can be arranged inside the main reinforcing layer group 4.

[0018] The buoyancy layer 6 is formed of a material that exhibits buoyancy to float the marine hose 1 such as sponge rubber or foamed polyurethane on the sea. Therefore, this marine hose 1 is a floating hose used in a floating state in water and is not a submarine hose used in a submerged state. The layer thickness of the buoyancy layer 6 (parts other than both longitudinal ends) varies depending on the size of the marine hose 1, the required buoyancy, etc., but is, for example, about 60 mm to 300 mm.

[0019] The cover layer 8 is formed of a non-permeable material such as rubber, and a line pattern or the like with excellent visibility is attached to its surface. An appropriate material with excellent weather resistance and abrasion resistance is adopted for the cover layer 8.

[0020] The auxiliary reinforcement layer group 7 is a reinforcing layer that assists the main reinforcement layer group 4 and counteracts the impact force (internal pressure) generated in the marine hose 1 when the main reinforcement layer group 4 is damaged. The auxiliary reinforcement layer group 7 is formed by laminating multiple auxiliary reinforcement layers 7A to 7D. The auxiliary reinforcement layers 7A to 7D are not limited to four layers, but the number of layers (multiple layers) required as appropriate can be set, for example, to about two to six layers. In other words, the auxiliary reinforcement layer group 7 has a multi-layered structure made up of auxiliary reinforcement layers 7A to 7D. Each of the auxiliary reinforcement layers 7A to 7D is formed by arranging many rubber-coated reinforcing cords 7r in parallel.

[0021] As illustrated in Figure 4, in each of the auxiliary reinforcement layers 7A to 7D, numerous reinforcing cords 47r extend at a predetermined angle inclined with respect to the center line CL. In the case of auxiliary reinforcement layers stacked adjacent to each other vertically, the inclination direction of the reinforcing cords 7r is opposite, and they intersect. In other words, the auxiliary reinforcement layers 7A to 7D and the main reinforcement layers 4A to 4H have substantially the same multi-layer structure. As for the reinforcing cords 7r, resin fiber cords made of polyester, polyketone, aramid, vinylon, nylon, etc., which are commonly used in marine hoses, or steel cords are used.

[0022] Each of the auxiliary reinforcing layers 7A to 7D is covered with a thin rubber layer for adhesion, and adjacent auxiliary reinforcing layers are bonded to each other via this thin rubber layer. In addition, the inner circumferential surface of the auxiliary reinforcing layer group 7 is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the buoyancy layer 6 and is bonded to it, and the outer circumferential surface of the auxiliary reinforcing layer group 7 is in contact with the inner circumferential surface of the cover layer 8 and is bonded to it.

[0023] As illustrated in Figure 5, the auxiliary reinforcing layers 7A to 7D can also be a blind-like structure in which transverse cords 7t that cross over a large number of parallel reinforcing cords 7r, sewing them together vertically, are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the reinforcing cords 7r.

[0024] The longitudinal strength of the cords in the auxiliary reinforcement layer group 7 (longitudinal strength of the cords per unit width of one ply) is set to be between 250 kg / ply·cm and 900 kg / ply·cm. If this strength is less than 250 kg / ply·cm, it will be difficult to adequately absorb the impact force if the main reinforcement layer group 4 is damaged. On the other hand, if this strength exceeds 900 kg / ply·cm, the strength of the auxiliary reinforcement layer group 7 will be excessive, and the weight of the marine hose 1 will become excessive. The main reinforcement layer group 4 has a longitudinal strength of reinforcing cords equal to or greater than that of the auxiliary reinforcement layer group 7.

[0025] In so-called double-carcass type marine hoses, the outer reinforcing layers (outer carcass layers) are located on the outer periphery of the main reinforcing layer group. In double-carcass type floating hoses, the outer reinforcing layers (outer carcass layers) are located on the inner periphery of the buoyancy layer. However, this marine hose 1 does not have such a double-carcass type structure, so it falls into the category of a single-carcass type.

[0026] In this marine hose 1, a buoyancy layer 6 is interposed between the main reinforcing layer group 4 and the auxiliary reinforcing layer group 7. The buoyancy layer 6 is made of a material containing air bubbles (small air) such as sponge in order to exert a large buoyancy, and therefore has a corresponding impact absorption performance. As a result, when the main reinforcing layer group 4 is damaged, the impact force generated by the fluid L flowing through the channel 1a is absorbed and mitigated to some extent by the buoyancy layer 6. As a result, the impact force acting on the auxiliary reinforcing layer group 7 (auxiliary reinforcing layers 7A to 7D) can be reduced.

[0027] Thus, the buoyancy layer 6 is used not only to provide buoyancy but also as a cushioning material to absorb impact forces. This design makes it possible to reduce the impact force acting on the auxiliary reinforcing layer group 7 in this marine hose 1 while ensuring sufficient impact absorption performance. Consequently, it becomes unnecessary to make the auxiliary reinforcing layer group 7 excessively strong, and it is possible to reduce the number of layers of auxiliary reinforcing layers 7A to 7D. As a result, it becomes possible to make the marine hose 1 lighter.

[0028] As in the embodiment described above, the auxiliary reinforcement layer group 7 consists of the buoyancy layer 6 and the cover layer 8 Between When positioned in this manner, the impact absorption effect of the buoyancy layer 6 can be utilized to the fullest extent. In this embodiment, the auxiliary reinforcing layer group 7 is laminated on the outer surface of the buoyancy layer 6 and is positioned only between the buoyancy layer 6 and the cover layer 8, but it can also be positioned in other locations.

[0029] For example, as shown in Figure 6, the auxiliary reinforcement layer group 7 can also be placed only inside the buoyancy layer 6. When the auxiliary reinforcement layer group 7 is placed inside the buoyancy layer 6, the diameter of the cylindrical auxiliary reinforcement layers 7A to 7D becomes smaller compared to when it is placed between the buoyancy layer 6 and the cover layer 8. Consequently, the total area becomes smaller, which is advantageous for reducing the weight of the marine hose 1.

[0030] In a design where a group of auxiliary reinforcing layers 7 is placed inside the buoyancy layer 6, the group of auxiliary reinforcing layers 7 should be positioned at or near the halfway point of the buoyancy layer 6's thickness. If the group of auxiliary reinforcing layers 7 is positioned further inward than the halfway point of the buoyancy layer 6's thickness, the effect of reducing the impact force acting on the group of auxiliary reinforcing layers 7 will be reduced.

[0031] As illustrated in Figure 7, the auxiliary reinforcement layer group 7 can also be placed between the buoyancy layer 6 and the cover layer 8, and inside the buoyancy layer 6. In this configuration, the auxiliary reinforcement layer group 7 placed between the buoyancy layer 6 and the cover layer 8 can have lower reinforcement strength than the auxiliary reinforcement layer group 7 placed inside the buoyancy layer 6 (by reducing the number of layers, lowering the strength of the reinforcing cords, etc.). [Examples]

[0032] Tests were conducted to confirm the shock absorption performance of marine hoses when internal pressure was applied to the flow path to damage the main reinforcing layer group. These tests were performed using marine hoses with a structure similar to that illustrated in Figures 1 to 4 (Examples 1 and 2), and double-carcass type marine hoses (Comparative Examples 1 and 2) in which the auxiliary reinforcing layer group of the marine hose was omitted and the outer carcass layer group was placed between the main wire layer and the buoyancy layer. The internal pressure at the time of damage was approximately 60 to 65 bar. The specifications and test results for each marine hose are shown in Table 1. Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are substantially the same in other specifications, differing only in the presence or absence of the auxiliary reinforcing layer group and the outer carcass layer group, and the specifications of the reinforcing layers (carcass layers) that constitute these layers, as shown in Table 1. The strength of the reinforcing (carcass layer) group in Table 1 is the strength in the longitudinal direction of the cord. The shock absorption performance was evaluated by observing the damaged state of the marine hose, and ○ indicates that it had sufficient shock absorption performance, and × indicates that it did not.

[0033] [Table 1]

[0034] From the results in Table 1, it can be seen that Examples 1 and 2 have high impact absorption performance compared to Comparative Examples 1 and 2, while having fewer layers of reinforcing layers in the auxiliary reinforcing layer group than the number of layers of reinforcing layers (carcass layers) constituting the outer carcass layer group. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0035] 1 Marine Hose 1a Flow channel 2 Connecting end 2a Flange 2b Nipple 2c fixing ring 3. Inner rubber layer 4. Main reinforcement layers 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D, 4E, 4F, 4G, 4H Main reinforcement layer 4w nipple wire 5. Main wire layer 5r reinforcing wire 5W Nipple Wire 6 Buoyancy layer 7. Group of auxiliary reinforcement layers 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D Auxiliary reinforcement layer 7r reinforcement cord 7t Crossing Code 7w nipple wire 8. Cover layer L fluid

Claims

1. Between the inner rubber layer and the cover layer, there are a group of main reinforcing layers and a buoyancy layer laminated sequentially from the inner circumference, and connecting ends are provided at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the hose. Each of the aforementioned connecting ends has a nipple extending in the longitudinal direction of the hose and a flange joined to the longitudinal end of this nipple. In a floating-type marine hose, one end of the main reinforcing layer group is fixed to one nipple using a nipple wire at that end and a fixing ring protruding from the outer surface of one nipple, and the other end of the main reinforcing layer group is fixed to the other nipple using a nipple wire at that other end and a fixing ring protruding from the outer surface of the other nipple, A marine hose characterized in that the thickness of the buoyancy layer is 60 mm to 300 mm in portions other than the longitudinal ends of the hose, an auxiliary reinforcing layer group is laminated between the buoyancy layer and the cover layer to support the main reinforcing layer group, one end of the auxiliary reinforcing layer group is fixed to one nipple using a nipple wire at that end and a fixing ring protruding from the outer surface of one nipple, the other end of the auxiliary reinforcing layer group is fixed to the other nipple using a nipple wire at that other end and a fixing ring protruding from the outer surface of the other nipple, and another auxiliary reinforcing layer group is arranged inside the buoyancy layer, and its arrangement is at a position half the thickness of the buoyancy layer or further outward.

2. The marine hose according to claim 1, wherein each of the auxiliary reinforcing layer groups is a multi-layer structure of auxiliary reinforcing layers formed by aligning a large number of rubber-coated reinforcing cords in parallel, the longitudinal strength of the cords of the auxiliary reinforcing layer group is 250 kg / ply·cm or more and 900 kg / ply·cm or less, and the auxiliary reinforcing layer group laminated between the buoyancy layer and the cover layer has a lower reinforcing strength than the auxiliary reinforcing layer group arranged inside the buoyancy layer.

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