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By integrating vibration damping devices into recesses on stair treads with off-center positioning, the design and vibration suppression issues of protruding damping devices are addressed, enhancing both aesthetics and functionality.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- JP · JP
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- TAKENAKA CORP
- Filing Date
- 2022-01-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-13
AI Technical Summary
Existing vibration damping devices on stair treads protrude downward, affecting the design aesthetics and potentially causing visibility issues.
The vibration damping devices are integrated into recesses formed on the lower surface of the tread portion of the staircase, with their centers positioned outside the radial center of the tread, effectively suppressing vibrations while minimizing protrusion.
This configuration reduces the downward protrusion of the damping devices, maintaining design aesthetics and effectively damping vibrations, particularly in spiral staircases.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to stairs.
Background Art
[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a technique related to stairs. In this prior art, an additional vibration type vibration damping device is attached to the stair body in a posture where the vibration direction of its vibrator is vertical.
[0003] Patent Document 2 discloses a technique related to stairs for reducing vibrations generated in the stair body. In this prior art, the stairs include a stair body having a stair beam with an inclined portion provided inclined and a plurality of treads supported by the inclined portion, a vibration damping device including a rod-shaped elastic member extending from the inclined portion, a mass movable along the elastic member, and fixing means for fixing the mass to the elastic member.
Prior Art Documents
Patent Documents
[0004]
Patent Document 1
Patent Document 2
Summary of the Invention
Problems to be Solved by the Invention
[0005] When an additional vibration type vibration damping device is provided on the lower surface of the tread portion of the stair body, when the stairs are viewed from the side, the vibration damping device protruding downward can be seen, and there is a risk of deterioration in design.
[0006] In view of the above facts, an object of the present invention is to reduce the amount of protrusion downward of the vibration damping device provided on the lower surface of the tread portion of the stairs.
Means for Solving the Problems
[0007] The first embodiment is a staircase comprising a recess formed on the lower surface of the tread portion of the staircase body, and an additional vibration damping device of the type provided in the recess.
[0008] In the first embodiment of the staircase, an additional vibration damping device is provided on the underside of the tread portion of the staircase body, thereby suppressing vibrations of the staircase body caused by walking. Furthermore, since the vibration damping device is provided in a recess in the tread portion, the amount of downward protrusion of the vibration damping device is smaller compared to a staircase without a recess.
[0009] The second embodiment is the staircase according to the first embodiment, wherein the staircase body is spiral-shaped, and the center of the vibration damping device in a plan view is located outside the radial center of the tread.
[0010] In the second embodiment of the staircase, the center of the vibration damping device is located outside the center in the width direction of the staircase on the tread of the spiral staircase body. Therefore, vibrations of the staircase body caused by walking are effectively suppressed.
[0011] This is because the center of the vibration damping device is located outside the center of the stair width direction on the tread of the spiral staircase, allowing for appropriate placement in areas with high vibration. [Effects of the Invention]
[0012] According to the present invention, the amount of downward protrusion of the vibration damping device provided on the underside of the stair tread can be reduced. [Brief explanation of the drawing]
[0013] [Figure 1] This is a perspective view of a staircase according to one embodiment. [Figure 2] This is a side view of the spiral staircase body of one embodiment of a staircase, seen from the radially inner side. [Figure 3] This is a side view of the spiral staircase body of one embodiment of a staircase, viewed from the radially outer side. [Figure 4] This is a plan view of the main part of the spiral staircase body of one embodiment of a staircase. [Figure 5]It is a side view of the main part of the spiral staircase body of a staircase according to an embodiment. [Figure 6] It is a primary mode diagram of a staircase of a numerical analysis model. [Figure 7] It is a graph showing the relationship between the frequency and acceleration of a numerical analysis model. [Figure 8] It is an exploded perspective view of a vibration damping device. [Figure 9] It is a longitudinal sectional view of a vibration damping device.
Mode for Carrying Out the Invention
[0014] <Embodiment> A staircase according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. [Structure] First, the structure of a staircase according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[0015] As shown in FIG. 1, the staircase 50 of the present embodiment includes a staircase body 100 and a vibration damping device 300 (see FIGS. 4 and 5). The staircase of the present embodiment has a spiral staircase as the staircase body 100. Further, the staircase body 100 connects the upper floor 10 and the lower floor 12 in about one turn and is used when a person ascends and descends between the upper floor 10 and the lower floor 12. Note that, in the staircase body 100 of the present embodiment, a dance floor 102 is provided at one place in the middle, but it is not limited thereto. Two or more dance floors may be provided, or no dance floor may be provided.
[0016] The spiral staircase body 100 is a steel frame staircase in which the structure part is composed of a steel frame, but it is not limited thereto. When the spiral staircase body 100 is viewed in plan, the direction orthogonal to the central axis 101 of the spiral is defined as the radial direction, and the radial direction is defined as the staircase width direction. Further, the direction away from the central axis 101 is defined as the outer side. Also, the circumferential direction of the spiral in the staircase body 100 is defined as the staircase front-rear direction, and the traveling direction when a person descends the staircase 50 is defined as the front side.
[0017] The staircase body 100 of this embodiment includes a staircase section 120, sidewalls 110 (see also FIG. 2) and 112 (see also FIG. 3) provided on both radial sides of the staircase section 120, and handrails 111 and 113 provided on both radial sides of the staircase section 120. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, when viewed horizontally along the radial direction, the staircase section 120 is hidden behind the sidewalls 111 and 113 and cannot be seen. In FIGS. 2 and 3, although the staircase section 120 is hidden behind the sidewalls 110 and 112, it is illustrated with solid lines instead of hidden lines (dashed lines) for better understanding. Also, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the inner sidewall of the staircase body 100 is denoted by reference numeral 110 and the outer sidewall is denoted by reference numeral 112.
[0018] As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the staircase section 120 is composed of a tread section 130 and a kick-in plate section 122. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the tread section 130 of the staircase section 120 includes a prismatic nose section 132 provided along the radial direction at the front end, a plate section 134 whose upper surface forms a tread surface 130A, and a sheet-metal tread body 140 that supports the prismatic nose section 132 and the plate section 134. A space is formed between the tread body 140 and the plate section 134. The above-mentioned kick-in plate section 122 is formed upward from the rear end of the tread body 140. That is, the tread body 140 and the kick-in plate section 122 are formed by bending the sheet metal.
[0019] As shown in FIG. 4, since the staircase body 100 of this embodiment is spiral (see FIG. 1), the shape of the tread section 130 in plan view is a substantially fan shape that is larger in the circumferential direction on the outer side than on the inner side. Also, since the staircase body 100 is spiral (see FIG. 1) and the outer side of the tread section 130 is larger in the circumferential direction (the front-rear direction of the staircase) than the inner side, the inner side (see FIG. 2) has a steeper angle than the outer side (see FIG. 3).
[0020] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the staircase body 100 is equipped with an additional vibration damping device 300. Specifically, as shown in Figure 5, the vibration damping device 300 is installed on the lower surface 130B of the tread portion 130 of the staircase section 120. The vibration damping device 300 is also installed in a recess 142 formed by folding the tread body 140 of the tread portion 130 of the staircase section 120 upwards. Any method can be used to install the vibration damping device 300 into the recess 142, but in this embodiment, the vibration damping device 300 is installed by bolting it to the upper surface of the recess 142.
[0021] As shown in Figure 4, the vibration damping device 300 is installed such that its center position 301 in a plan view is located outside the radial center position 133 of the tread plate portion 130. In this embodiment, the center position 301 of the vibration damping device 300 is the centroid in a plan view, but is not limited to this. The center position 301 of the vibration damping device 300 may be the center of gravity in a plan view, or it may be the center of gravity of the vibrating body 309, which will be described later.
[0022] In the staircase 50 of this embodiment, vibration damping devices 300 are installed at two locations between the upper floor 10 and the lower floor 12, at approximately one-third of the height from the top and approximately one-third of the height from the bottom, but this is not the only option. The number and location of vibration damping devices 300 can be appropriately determined depending on the length and structure of the staircase body 100, or the performance of the vibration damping devices 300, etc.
[0023] The vibration damping device 300, which is shown by dashed lines (double-dotted lines) in Figures 2 and 3, will be explained later.
[0024] The additional vibration damping device 300 may have any configuration, but one example is described below.
[0025] As shown in Figures 8 and 9, the vibration damping device 300 is a passive tuned mass damper comprising a vibrating body (weight) 309, a spring 310, and an oil damper 311 (see Figure 8), which is an example of a damping mechanism.
[0026] As shown in Figure 8, the vibrating body 309 is mounted on the frame 302 in an orientation with its vibration direction being vertical. Specifically, the frame 302 is configured by arranging units 320, each equipped with two springs 310 and one oil damper 311, at intervals in the stair width direction, and mounting the vibrating body 309 between these units 320. The vibration period of the vibrating body 309 is adjusted to synchronize with the dominant vibration period of the staircase body 100 (see Figure 1, etc.). The adjustment means in this implementation is to attach an adjustment leaf spring 312 to the frame 302 and change the spring constant of the leaf spring 312 by changing the support point 309A on the vibrating body 309 side relative to the leaf spring 312 in the longitudinal direction of the leaf spring 312, but is not limited to this.
[0027] [Mechanism of Action and Effects] Next, the operation and effects of this embodiment will be described.
[0028] As shown in Figure 5, in this embodiment, the staircase 50 has a vibration damping device 300 provided in a recess 142 formed in the lower surface 130B of the tread portion 130 of the staircase body 100. Therefore, compared to the case without the recess 142, the amount of protrusion of the vibration damping device 300 from the lower end surface 131 of the tread portion 130 is small. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the lower end 300L of the vibration damping device 300 is above the lower ends 110L and 112L of the stringers 110 and 112 (see Figures 2 and 3). Therefore, when the staircase body 100 is viewed from the lateral to the radial direction, the vibration damping device 300 is hidden and not visible from the stringers 110 and 112 (see Figures 2 and 3). Consequently, there is no impact on the design of the staircase due to the provision of the vibration damping device 300, or if there is an impact, it is small.
[0029] Here, Figures 2 and 3 illustrate the vibration damping device 300 when the recess 142 is not formed on the lower surface 130B of the tread plate portion 130, with dashed lines (two-dot lines).
[0030] As mentioned above, the staircase body 100 of this embodiment is spiral-shaped (see Figure 1), as shown in Figures 2 to 4. Therefore, the shape of the tread portion 130 in plan view is roughly fan-shaped, with the outer side being larger than the inner side in the front-to-back direction of the stairs.
[0031] Therefore, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, when the width L is the same for the radially inner stringer 110 and the outer stringer 112, the portion T1 of the vibration damping device 300, shown by the dashed line in the absence of the recess 142, that protrudes from the lower end 110L of the inner stringer 110 is larger than the portion T2 that protrudes from the lower end 112L of the outer stringer 112. In other words, when the vibration damping device 300 is installed on the lower surface portion 130B of the tread portion 130, in the case of a spiral staircase, the vibration damping device 300 is likely to protrude from the inner stringer 112, and the amount of protrusion will be large.
[0032] However, as described above, in this embodiment, a recess 142 is formed in the lower surface portion 130B of the tread portion 130 of the staircase body 100, and the vibration damping device 300 is provided in this recess 142. Therefore, even in the case of a spiral staircase, the vibration damping device 300 does not protrude from the inner stringer 112, or if it does protrude, the amount of protrusion is small, which is preferable.
[0033] Furthermore, in the staircase 50 of this embodiment, an additional vibration damping device 300 is provided on the lower surface 130B of the tread portion 130 of the staircase body 100, so that vibrations of the staircase body 100 caused by walking are suppressed.
[0034] Furthermore, the vibration damping device 300 is positioned such that its center position 301 in a plan view is located outside the radial center position 133 of the tread portion 130. Therefore, vibrations of the staircase body caused by walking are effectively suppressed. This is because the center position 301 of the vibration damping device 300 is located outside the center position 133 in the staircase width direction of the tread portion 130 of the spiral staircase body 100, allowing for appropriate placement in areas where vibrations are significant.
[0035] [Numerical analysis results] Next, I will explain the results of the numerical analysis.
[0036] The staircase in the numerical analysis model is created according to the specifications of the staircase 500, including the installation position and performance of the vibration damping device 300. The vibration damping device 300 is installed such that its center position 301 in plan view is located outside the radial center position 133 of the tread section 130. However, there is no landing 102.
[0037] Figure 6 shows the mode diagram of the first-order vibration (6.2 Hz) in the numerical analysis model of a staircase. Note that the denser the dots, the larger the vibration.
[0038] Figure 7 is a graph showing the relationship between frequency and acceleration when the numerical analysis model of a staircase is excited at excitation points K1, K2, and K3 (see Figure 6). The solid line J1 represents the relationship between frequency and acceleration at analysis point S (see Figure 6). The dotted line J2 represents the region where a person can feel slight vibration, and the dashed line J3 represents the region where a person can clearly feel vibration.
[0039] Excitation points K1, K2, and K3 are located approximately 1 / 4 of the stair width from the outside in the stair width direction (400 mm in this example), and are set at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Analysis point S is located radially inside of excitation point K3 (1 / 2 of the stair width in this example). In addition, the dotted line J2 and the dashed line J3 were evaluated according to the pedestrian bridge guidelines (the limit of pedestrian bridge users).
[0040] As can be seen from the solid line J1 in Figure 7, the acceleration is such that it slightly overlaps with the dotted line J2 at 6Hz to 7Hz, indicating that the vibration damping device 300 dampens the staircase body 100 and reduces vibration.
[0041] <Other> Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above.
[0042] For example, in the above embodiment, the tread plate body 140 of the tread plate portion 130 was folded up to form a recess 142, but the embodiment is not limited to this. A recess may be formed as appropriate depending on the material and structure of the tread plate portion.
[0043] Furthermore, for example, in the above embodiment, the staircase body 100 was a spiral staircase, but it is not limited to this. The staircase body may be a straight staircase, a L-shaped staircase, a U-shaped staircase, etc.
[0044] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, for example, the vibration damping device 300 is installed such that its center position 301 in a plan view is located outside the radial center position 133 of the tread portion 130, but it is not limited to this. The installation position can be set appropriately according to the shape and structure of the staircase body, etc.
[0045] Furthermore, for example, in the above embodiment, the additional vibration damping device 300 was a passive tuned mass damper, but it is not limited to this. The additional vibration damping device may also be an active-mass-damper that drives a vibrating body (weight) with an actuator.
[0046] Furthermore, the present invention can be implemented in various forms without departing from the spirit of the invention. [Explanation of Symbols]
[0047] 50 stairs 100 Stair body 130 Tread section 130B Bottom part 133 Center position of the tread 142 recess 300 Vibration damping device 301 Center position of vibration damping device
Claims
1. A recess formed on the underside of the tread of the staircase body, An additional vibration damping device of the type provided in the recess, Equipped with, The aforementioned tread portion comprises a tread body and a plate material portion that forms a tread surface, which is provided above the tread body with a space in between. The recess is formed by recessing a part of the footboard body upwards. stairs.
2. A recess formed on the lower surface of the tread portion of the staircase body, An additional vibration damping device of the type provided in the recess, Equipped with, The aforementioned staircase body is spiral in shape. In a plan view, the center of the vibration damping device is located outside the center of the stair tread in the stair width direction. stairs.