Unit frame building structure

Abstract

To provide a building structure capable of economically constructing a building using a unit frame with a small amount of materials and reducing the labor of construction.SOLUTION: Provided is a building structure that fixes unit frames arranged on each floor by joining pillars 11 at corner part, floor beams 12 of lower parts, and ceiling beams 13 of upper parts to form box frame-shaped unit frames 1, and joining the pillars 11 in a vertical direction. The unit frames 1 are arranged diagonally on each floor in a staggered manner. The pillar 11 located on one side of the unit frame 1 on the lower floor is joined to the pillar 11 located on the other side of the unit frame 1 on the upper floor. A floor stand 2 is placed on a foundation beam 3c or the ceiling beam 13 of the unit frame 1 on the lower floor. Thereby, the level of a floor surface on the floor beam 12 of the unit frame 1 on each floor is made to match the level of a floor surface on the floor stand 2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a building structure combined with box-frame-shaped unit frames.

Background Art

[0002] The applicant has proposed a unit building as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 in the following Patent Document 1. This unit building is manufactured by joining a container-type unit 51 and a frame formed by joining columns 52 and beams 53, stacking a plurality of units 51, installing them adjacent to each other, connecting the units 51 to each other, and constructing a building.

[0003] In this unit building, the column 52 of the unit 51 is made of a square steel pipe, and a connecting shaft 54 made of PC steel bars or PC steel wires is inserted through the column 52 from the top floor to the bottom floor unit 51. After locking the tip of the connecting shaft 54 below the building, the upper and lower units 51 are connected by tightening a nut 55 to the connecting shaft 54 at the upper part of the building.

[0004] Also, the head of the column 52 of the lower unit 51 and the leg of the column 52 of the upper unit 51 are connected via a joint tool 56, and the adjacent columns 52 of a plurality of units 51 are also connected via joint tools 56 of corresponding shapes.

[0005] Furthermore, the applicant has proposed a technique in the following Patent Document 2 to fill the gap at the connection part of the upper and lower columns 52 so that the axial force is transmitted as designed, as shown in FIG. 9.

[0006] In this construction method, joint bags 57 containing a solidifying agent that is fluid and hardens over time are manufactured in advance. A joint frame material 58 is attached to the top of the column 52 on the lower floor, and the joint bags 57 with the solidifying agent still fluid are laid on the end plates 59 of the top of the column 52 on the lower floor. The column 52 on the upper floor is then placed on the joint bags 57, and the solidifying agent inside the joint bags 57 hardens as the joint bags 57 deform under the load from the upper floor.

[0007] The modular buildings shown in Figures 7 and 8, which utilize this technology, allow for the construction of taller buildings stably by stacking units 51 placed on each floor adjacent to each other without gaps, enabling construction in a short period of time and easy relocation. Therefore, they are suitable for constructing temporary buildings in recovery bases after large-scale disasters and in long-term development projects. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 5707418 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 6501666 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0009] However, in the unit building described above, where units 51 are adjacent to each other, two columns 52 are adjacent in either of the two orthogonal directions in the plane (the X and Y directions shown in Figure 7), resulting in numerous connection points between the columns 52 of the lower and upper floors. Furthermore, the beams 53 connecting the columns 52 on the ceiling side of the lower floor unit 51 and the beams 53 connecting the columns 52 on the floor side of the upper floor are double-layered. This presents problems in terms of being uneconomical and requiring more effort to construct.

[0010] Therefore, the objective of this invention is to provide a building structure that allows for the economical construction of a unit frame building with fewer materials and reduces the labor involved in construction. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] To solve the above problems, this invention provides a building structure in which a box-shaped unit frame is formed by joining corner columns, lower floor beams, and upper ceiling beams, and the columns are joined vertically to fix the unit frames arranged on each floor, The aforementioned unit frames are arranged in a staggered pattern, offset diagonally on each floor, and the columns located on one side of the unit frames on the lower floor are joined to the columns located on the other side of the unit frames on the upper floor. A leveling platform is placed on the foundation beam in the ground or on the ceiling beam of the unit frame on the floor below, so that the level of the floor surface on the floor beam of the unit frame on each floor matches the level of the floor surface on the platform.

[0012] Furthermore, the column is a steel pipe with a closed cross-section, and a connecting shaft consisting of a steel rod or PC steel wire extending vertically is inserted through the inside of the column. The lower floor unit frame and the upper floor unit frame are fixed together in a connected state by applying prestress through the connecting shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, the connecting shafts inserted through the columns of the unit frames on the upper and lower floors were made discontinuous for each floor and connected via couplers.

[0014] Furthermore, by enclosing the outer circumference of the unit frames on the upper and lower floors with band plates, spanning the top of the column of the lower floor unit frame and the base of the column of the upper floor unit frame, lateral displacement of the upper and lower floor unit frames due to horizontal forces is suppressed. A filler material is interposed between the columns of the upper and lower floors that are joined together, so that vertical axial force is transmitted from the upper floor column to the lower floor column. [Effects of the Invention]

[0015] In the building structure using the unit frame according to this invention, by arranging the unit frames staggeredly by shifting them diagonally for each floor, columns located on one side of the unit frame on the lower floor are joined to columns located on the other side of the unit frame on the upper floor. As a result, the columns are arranged at intervals of one column each in any direction of the building plane, and the connection parts of the columns between the lower and upper floors are reduced compared to the conventional structure.

[0016] Also, the ceiling beam of the unit frame on the lower floor and the floor beam of the unit frame on the upper floor do not overlap, and the ceiling surface and the floor slab surface can be made single-layer, so the necessary locations for secondary beams and horizontal braces are reduced.

[0017] Therefore, the excessive duplication of the structural materials of the unit frame is eliminated, and a building using the unit frame can be economically constructed with less materials, and the construction labor is also reduced.

[0018] Also, there is a level difference between the floor beam that supports the floor material inside the unit frame and the foundation beam or the ceiling beam on the lower floor that supports the floor material in the space sandwiched by the unit frame. However, by placing a floor base for level adjustment on the foundation beam or the ceiling beam on the lower floor, the floor levels are made to match, so there is no influence on the floor surface of the living room.

Brief Explanation of Drawings

[0019] [Figure 1] Axonometric view showing the structural framework in the bay direction of a building to which the building structure using the unit frame according to this invention is applied [Figure 2] Axonometric view showing the structural framework in the span direction of the above [Figure 3] Perspective views showing the above (a) unit frame and (b) floor base respectively [Figure 4] Partial perspective view showing the structural framework by the above unit frame and floor base [Figure 5]Figures respectively showing (a) the longitudinal section and A-A cross-section of the connection part of the columns in the middle floor, (b) the longitudinal section of the connection part between the bottom of the column and the column base and the top of the column in the top floor, and (c) a similar longitudinal section to (b) at the part where the unit frames are adjacent [Figure 6] Figures respectively showing (a) the structural framework in the purlin row direction and (b) the structural framework in the span direction of the roof as described above [Figure 7] Perspective view showing the unit building described in Patent Document 1 [Figure 8] Axonometric drawing showing the structural framework in the X direction as described above [Figure 9] Perspective view showing the connection part of the column using the joint bag described in Patent Document 2

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0020] Hereinafter, embodiments of this invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings.

[0021] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in this embodiment, in the structural framework of a building formed by three-dimensionally combining box-shaped unit frames 1, the unit frames are arranged in a staggered pattern with each floor shifted in the diagonal direction, and the floor level of the unit frame 1 and the floor level of the space sandwiched between the unit frames 1 on each floor are made the same using the floor base 2.

[0022] As shown in FIG. 3, the unit frame 1 is formed by joining corner columns 11 at the corners, lower floor beams 12, and upper ceiling beams 13. This joint is a rigid joint.

[0023] The column 11 is made of a square steel pipe whose cross-sectional shape forms a closed cross-section, with its legs protruding downward from the floor beam 12 and its head protruding upward from the ceiling beam 13. End plates with holes in the center are attached to the upper and lower ends of the column 11.

[0024] The floor beams 12 and ceiling beams 13 are made of H-shaped steel, and consist of main beams 12a and 13a extending in the length and width directions, and secondary beams 12b and 13b placed across the middle of the main beams in the length direction. Bracing 14 is placed in each section partitioned by the secondary beams 12b and 13b.

[0025] The floor base 2 is constructed by joining angle steel base legs 22 downwards to the corners of a floor support frame 21, which is made by joining angle steel edge members 21a in a rectangular shape, and providing a screw-type leveling device 23 at the lower end of the base legs 22. The dimensions of the floor base 2 in plan correspond to the dimensions of each section demarcated by the small beams 12b and 13b of the unit frame 1.

[0026] When constructing a building using such a unit frame 1 and floor base 2, as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 4, the lowest floor unit frame 1 is placed on the column base 3b rising from the base plate 3a of the foundation leg 3, and the column base 3b is joined to the column 11. Then, the unit frames 1 of each floor are stacked upwards in sequence, and the column 11 located on one side of the lower floor unit frame 1 is joined to the column 11 located on the other side of the upper floor unit frame 1.

[0027] The connection between the column base 3b and the column 11 on the lowest floor, and the connection between the columns 11 on the upper and lower floors above it, are pin joints that do not transmit bending moments.

[0028] At the outermost ends of floors above the second floor, where there is no support structure provided by the unit frame 1, an upper floor support frame 4 is provided to support the upper floor. The upper floor support frame 4 comprises columns 11 located at the outermost end of the floor, and floor beams 12 and ceiling beams 13 connecting them.

[0029] The column base 3b, the column 11 on the lowest floor, and the columns 11 on each floor stacked above it are connected and fixed in a prestressed state by connecting shafts 5 made of PC steel bars or PC steel wires inserted through holes in their end plates.

[0030] In the space on the lowest floor where there is no unit frame 1, the base legs 22 of the floor platform 2 are placed on the underground foundation beam 3c that spans between the column bases 3b of adjacent foundation legs 3. In the space on each floor from the second floor upwards where there is no unit frame 1, the base legs 22 of the floor platform 2 are placed on the ceiling beam 13 of the unit frame 1 on the floor below, thereby fixing the floor platform 2 to the unit frame 1.

[0031] At this time, the leveling device 23 of the floor base 2 is rotated as appropriate to match the level of the upper surface of the floor beam 12 of the unit frame 1 on each floor with the level of the upper surface of the floor support frame 21 of the floor base 2. This makes it possible to match the level of the flooring material 6 laid on the upper surface of the floor beam 12 of the unit frame 1 and the upper surface of the floor base 2.

[0032] Furthermore, when using CLT panels (cross-laminated timber) as the flooring material 6, the bracing 14 of the unit frame 1 can be omitted by fastening the floor beams 12 and the flooring material 6 together using connecting shafts and adhesive.

[0033] In the construction of the above-described structural frame, in order to connect the columns 11 of the upper and lower floor unit frames 1 to each other, as shown in Figure 5(a), the top of the column 11 that protrudes above the ceiling beam 13 of the lower floor and the base of the column 11 that protrudes below the floor beam 12 of the upper floor are surrounded by a band plate 7 around their outer circumference, thereby suppressing lateral displacement of the upper and lower floor unit frames 1 against horizontal forces.

[0034] At the contact surfaces of the lower floor column 11 and the end plates of the upper floor column 11, a sealing material 8 such as a sponge is attached around the hole through which the connecting shaft 5 is inserted to prevent leakage of the filler. In addition, the sealing material 8 is interposed in the gaps between the outer circumference of the top of the lower floor column 11 and the base of the upper floor column 11 and the inner circumference of the band plate 7 to prevent leakage of the filler.

[0035] Then, a filler material such as high-strength mortar, epoxy resin, or viscous mortar that hardens over time is injected between the upper and lower floor columns 11 that are joined together, so that vertical axial force is transmitted from the upper floor column 11 to the lower floor column 11. Alternatively, a bag containing a hardening agent, as shown in the joint bag 57 in Figure 9, may be inserted as the filler material.

[0036] Furthermore, if the gap between the end plates of the columns 11 on the upper and lower floors at any of the corners of the unit frame 1 is large, it is advisable to prepare several steel plates of different thicknesses and insert the appropriate steel plate between the end plates of the columns 11 on the upper and lower floors as needed.

[0037] This column 11 connection structure is also applied to the connection between the column 11 on the lowest floor (1st floor) and the column base 3b of the foundation leg 3, as shown in Figure 5(b). Furthermore, while Figures 5(a) and (b) illustrate the case where the unit frames 1 are not adjacent on the same floor, as shown in Figure 5(c), it is also applied to the case where the unit frames 1 are adjacent on the same floor. In this case, the foundation leg 3 and band plate 7 used correspond to the two columns 11.

[0038] When connecting and fixing the upper and lower unit frames 1, the connecting shaft 5, which is inserted into the column base 3b of the foundation leg 3 fixed to the ground with anchor bolts, is secured to the diaphragm of the column base 3b with a double nut 10, and the double nut 10 is screwed into the portion that protrudes upward from the hole in the bearing plate 11b placed over the upper end of the column 11 at the top of the building and tightened.

[0039] The connecting shafts 5, which are inserted through the column bases 3b and the columns 11 of the unit frames 1 on each floor, are discontinuous for ease of work, and are inserted into the sheaths 11a inside the columns 11 and connected via couplers 9 that are screwed into each end.

[0040] The connection of the connecting shaft 5 is performed sequentially, layer by layer, as the unit frames 1 are stacked. At this time, the coupler 9 is screwed onto the upper part of the connecting shaft 5, which is inserted and fixed through the column base 3b or the column 11 of the lower floor. With the connecting shaft 5 inserted through the column 11 of the upper floor held in place by a temporary nut, the upper floor unit frame 1 is placed on the lower floor unit frame 1, and while loosening the temporary nut, the connecting shaft 5 is screwed into the coupler 9 below from the top end with a screwdriver.

[0041] As an example, the roof to be placed on a structural frame constructed in this manner could be made of a double-folded roofing material 30, which consists of two corrugated steel plates, such as deck plates or keystone plates, layered together with insulation material in between, as shown in Figures 6(a) and (b).

[0042] Furthermore, when constructing exterior walls, it is advisable to install joint covers in the gaps between wall panels. In this case, for example, a type of joint cover should be used that expands when sand is filled in from the top floor of the building, conforming tightly to the side edges of adjacent wall panels, and allowing the sand to be removed from the bottom when the building is demolished (illustration omitted).

[0043] In the building structure described above, the unit frames 1 are offset diagonally on each floor and arranged in a staggered pattern. As a result, the columns 11 located on one side of the unit frame 1 on the lower floor are joined to the columns 11 located on the other side of the unit frame 1 on the upper floor. Consequently, the columns 11 are arranged with one space between them in any direction of the building's plane, reducing the number of connections between the columns 11 on the lower and upper floors compared to conventional structures.

[0044] Furthermore, since the ceiling beam 13 of the lower floor unit frame 1 and the floor beam 12 of the upper floor unit frame 1 do not overlap, and the ceiling surface and floor slab surface can be made into a single layer, the number of places where secondary beams and horizontal braces are needed is reduced.

[0045] Therefore, excessive duplication of structural materials in unit frame 1 is eliminated, allowing for the economical construction of a unit frame building with fewer materials, and reducing construction effort.

[0046] Furthermore, although there is a level difference between the floor beam 12 that supports the flooring material 6 inside the unit frame 1 and the foundation beam 3c or the ceiling beam 13 of the lower floor that supports the flooring material 6 in the space sandwiched between the unit frames 1, the floor level is adjusted by placing a level-adjusting floor platform 2 on the foundation beam 3c or the ceiling beam 13 of the lower floor, so that the floor surface of the living room is not affected. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0047] 1 Unit Frame 2. Bed platform 3 Basic legs 3a Base plate 3b Pillar base 3c foundation beam 4 Upper floor receiving frame 5 Connecting shaft 6. Flooring 7 Band Plate 8. Sealant 9 Couplers 10 nuts 11 pillars 11a Sheath 11b Bearing plate 12 Floor beam 12a girder 12b Small beam 13 Ceiling beams 13a girder 13b Small beam 14 Bracing 21 Floor support frame 21a Edge material 22 legs 23 Level Adjuster 30 Roofing materials 51 units 52 pillars 53 Beam 54 Connecting shaft 55 Nut 56 Joints 57 Joint Bag 58 Joint frame material 59 End plate

Claims

1. In a building structure in which a box-shaped unit frame (1) is formed by joining the corner columns (11), the lower floor beams (12), and the upper ceiling beams (13), and the columns (11) are joined vertically to fix the unit frames (1) placed on each floor, The unit frames (1) are arranged in a staggered pattern, offset diagonally on each floor, and the columns (11) located on one side of the unit frame (1) on the lower floor are joined to the columns (11) located on the other side of the unit frame (1) on the upper floor. A building structure using a unit frame, characterized in that a level-adjusting floor platform (2) is placed on the foundation beam (3c) underground or on the ceiling beam (13) of the unit frame (1) on the lower floor, so that the level of the floor surface on the floor beam (12) of the unit frame (1) on each floor matches the level of the floor surface on the floor platform (2).

2. The column (11) is a steel pipe with a closed cross-section, and a connecting shaft (5) made of a steel rod or PC steel wire extending vertically is inserted inside the column (11). The building structure using unit frames according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower floor unit frame (1) and the upper floor unit frame (1) are fixed in a connected state by applying prestress with the connecting shaft (5).

3. The building structure using a unit frame according to claim 2, characterized in that the connecting shaft (5) inserted through the columns (11) of the upper and lower unit frames (1) is discontinuous for each floor and connected via a coupler (9).

4. By spanning the top of the column (11) of the lower floor unit frame (1) and the base of the column (11) of the upper floor unit frame (1), and surrounding its outer circumference with a band plate (7), lateral displacement of the upper and lower floor unit frames (1) due to horizontal forces is suppressed. A building structure using a unit frame according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a filler material is interposed between the upper and lower floor columns (11) that are joined together, so that vertical axial force is transmitted from the upper floor column (11) to the lower floor column (11).

Images