Gear machining equipment

Abstract

To provide a gear processing device which has a high durability secured by preventing the wear of a member which supports a workpiece while suppressing the generation of burrs at a cut-out face of the workpiece.SOLUTION: A gear processing device 100 related to this invention is a gear processing device which cuts a workpiece 102 by moving a tool to process a gear, comprises a chuck 106 for holding the workpiece, when the end face where a cutting tool in a movement direction of the cutting tool 104 in the workpiece on an end face on the side of the cutting tool for releasing at the end of processing is called a release end face 124, a receiving jig 108 which supports the release end face on contact with a non-cutting position of the cutting tool of the release end face of the workpiece, and a joint-cutting metal 110 which supports the release end face and is joint-cut with the workpiece on contact with a cutting position of the cutting tool of the release end face of the workpiece, and is characterized in that a first support face 122 and a second support face 128 facing the release end face of the workpiece of the receiving jig and the joint-cutting metal are common planes.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a gear processing apparatus that processes a gear by cutting a workpiece by moving a tool.

Background Art

[0002] As a machining method for cutting gears, a method (for example, skiving or shaping) of machining a gear by relatively moving a cutting tool with respect to a workpiece, which is a machining object, to cut the workpiece is known. In such a machining method, burrs are generated on the end face (removal end face) on the side where the cutting tool exits at the end of machining in the tooth groove direction (the moving direction of the cutting tool) of the workpiece.

[0003] Patent Document 1 describes a gear machining method in which a workpiece is gear-cut by a tool while rotating the workpiece and the tool and giving a feed in the axial direction of the workpiece to the tool.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] By the way, in the gear machining method of Patent Document 1, a workpiece is coaxially sandwiched and fixed from both axial sides by a pair of upper and lower jigs, and the downstream end face in the feed direction of the workpiece (that is, the removal end face of the workpiece) is brought into surface contact with the lower jig. Further, the lower jig has the same size as the inner diameter of the workpiece. And in the gear machining method, burr generation on the downstream end face in the feed direction of the workpiece is suppressed by gear-cutting (co-cutting) both the workpiece and the lower jig with a tool.

[0006] Furthermore, Patent Document 1 states that even when the workpiece is replaced, the lower jig continues to be used while maintaining its fixed state (rotational phase). However, in Patent Document 1, the only component supporting the workpiece is the lower jig. The lower jig has a hardness that allows it to be cut, just like the workpiece. Therefore, it may wear down during work when the workpiece is replaced, potentially creating gaps that allow for burrs or reducing the positioning accuracy of the workpiece. If the hardness of the receiving jig is increased to prevent wear, the tool may wear down faster or become damaged.

[0007] In view of these problems, the present invention aims to provide a gear machining apparatus that suppresses the generation of burrs on the exit face of the workpiece, prevents wear of the workpiece support member, and ensures high durability. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] To solve the above problems, a typical configuration of the gear machining apparatus according to the present invention is a gear machining apparatus that machines gears by cutting a workpiece by moving a tool, wherein the end face on the workpiece on the side where the tool exits at the end of machining in the direction of tool movement is called the exit end face, the apparatus comprises a chuck that holds the workpiece, a support jig that contacts the non-cutting position of the exit end face of the workpiece to support the exit end face, and a co-cutting metal that contacts the cutting position of the exit end face of the workpiece to support the exit end face and is co-cut together with the workpiece by the tool, wherein the surfaces of the support jig and the co-cutting metal facing the exit end face of the workpiece are a common plane.

[0009] It is desirable that the machined surface of the workpiece and the machined surface of the metal to be machined are on the same plane.

[0010] The above-mentioned receiving jig is preferably fixed to the chuck in a replaceable manner, and the cutting material is preferably fixed to the receiving jig in a replaceable manner. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a gear machining apparatus that suppresses the generation of burrs on the exit face of the workpiece, prevents wear of the member supporting the workpiece, and ensures high durability. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0012] [Figure 1] This is a cross-sectional view illustrating the main parts of a gear machining apparatus in an embodiment of the present invention, together with the workpiece. [Figure 2] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the process of machining a gear by cutting the workpiece with a cutting tool. [Figure 3] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the state after the workpiece has been subsequently cut and the gear machining has been completed. [Figure 4] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the workpiece with the gear machining process completed and removed. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0013] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings. The dimensions, materials, and other specific numerical values ​​shown in these embodiments are merely examples to facilitate understanding of the invention and do not limit the present invention unless otherwise specified. In this specification and drawings, elements having substantially the same function and configuration are denoted by the same reference numerals to avoid redundant explanations, and elements not directly related to the present invention are omitted from the illustrations.

[0014] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the main parts of a gear machining apparatus 100 in an embodiment of the present invention, together with a workpiece 102. The figure shows how the workpiece 102, which is the object to be machined, is attached to the gear machining apparatus 100. Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing how the workpiece 102 from Figure 1 is machined into a gear by cutting with a cutting tool 104.

[0015] As shown in Figure 2, the gear machining apparatus 100 holds the workpiece 102 and moves a cutting tool 104, such as a skiving cutter, relative to the workpiece 102 in the direction that forms the tooth groove (hereinafter referred to as the tooth groove direction). In this embodiment, the gear is machined by cutting a tooth groove 131 into the inner circumferential surface 105 of the workpiece 102.

[0016] The gear machining apparatus 100 includes a chuck 106 for holding a workpiece 102, a receiving jig 108, and a cutting tool 110, as shown in Figure 1. The chuck 106 has a base 112 and two or more jaws 114, 114 attached to the base 112. The jaws 114, 114 are slidable relative to the end face 118 of the base 112 and can move closer to each other (see arrows A and B in Figure 1) or further apart (see arrows C and D in Figure 4).

[0017] The support jig 108 is a component that can be made of a high-hardness material that has been heat-treated, and as shown in Figure 1, it is fixed to the base 112 of the chuck 106 by bolts 120 in a replaceable manner. The side of the support jig 108 that faces the workpiece 102 is called the first support surface 122. Here, the end face of the workpiece 102 on the side from which the cutting tool 104 exits at the end of machining is called the "exit end face 124".

[0018] The first support surface 122 of the receiving jig 108 is a surface that abuts against the exit end surface 124 of the workpiece 102, and as shown in Figure 2, it abuts against the position (range) of the exit end surface 124 that is not cut by the cutting tool 104, i.e., the non-cutting position of the cutting tool 104, and supports the exit end surface 124.

[0019] The co-machining metal 110 is a component that is machined together with the workpiece 102 by the cutting tool 104, and is made of a material with a hardness or temper similar to that of the workpiece 102 so as not to damage the cutting tool 104. The co-machining metal 110 is also fixed to the receiving jig 108 by bolts 126 so as to be replaceable.

[0020] The surface on the side facing the workpiece 102 of the co-turning insert 110 is referred to as the second support surface 128. The second support surface 128 is a surface that abuts against the end face 124 of the workpiece 102 where it exits. As shown in FIG. 2, the second support surface 128 abuts against the position on the end face 124 to be cut by the cutting tool 104 (the range including the tooth groove 131 and its periphery), that is, the cutting position of the cutting tool 104, supports the end face 124, and is co-turned with the workpiece 102 by the cutting tool 104. Further, the first support surface 122 of the receiving jig 108 and the second support surface 128 of the co-turning insert 110 are in the same plane. As further shown in FIG. 2, the inner peripheral surface 105 that becomes the machined surface of the workpiece 102 and the co-turning surface 111 of the co-turning insert 110 are in the same plane. Note that the co-turning surface 111 is the inner peripheral surface of the co-turning insert 110.

[0021] In the gear processing apparatus 100, the workpiece 102 is approached as shown by the arrows E and F in FIG. 1 toward the first support surface 122 of the receiving jig 108 and the second support surface 128 of the co-turning insert 110 which are in the same plane, and further, as shown in FIG. 2, the end face 124 where the workpiece 102 exits is abutted against the first support surface 122 and the second support surface 128. Thereby, the end face 124 of the workpiece 102 is supported by the receiving jig 108 and the co-turning insert 110.

[0022] Then, the claw portions 114, 114 of the chuck 106 are brought closer to each other as shown by the arrows A and B in FIG. 1, and the outer peripheral surface 130 of the workpiece 102 is held as shown in FIG. 2. In this way, the workpiece 102 can be attached to the gear processing apparatus 100.

[0023] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the workpiece 102 is cut following FIG. 2 and the machining of the gear is completed. The gear processing apparatus 100 cuts the inner peripheral surface 105 of the workpiece 102 by the cutting tool 104 as shown in FIG. 2, and further, by cutting a cut 132 into a part of the co-turning insert 110 together with the tooth groove 131 of the workpiece 102 as shown in FIG. 3, the machining of the gear is completed.

[0024] Furthermore, in the gear machining apparatus 100, as described above, the first support surface 122 of the receiving jig 108, which is the surface facing the exit end face 124 of the workpiece 102, and the second support surface 128 of the jointly machined metal 110 are on the same plane, and as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the exit end face 124 of the workpiece 102 is in contact with both the first support surface 122 and the second support surface 128.

[0025] Therefore, when the gear machining device 100 cuts the workpiece 102 to machine a gear, no gap is created between the exit end face 124 of the workpiece 102 and the receiving jig 108 and the metal to be machined 110 that are opposite it, thus suppressing the generation of burrs on the exit end face 124 of the workpiece 102.

[0026] In the gear machining apparatus 100, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the members supporting the workpiece 102 are the support jig 108 and the co-machining metal 110. The co-machining metal 110 is made of a material with a hardness similar to that of the workpiece 102 or a tempered material so as not to damage the cutting tool 104, but the support jig 108 can be made of a high-hardness material such as one that has been heat-treated. As a result, in the gear machining apparatus 100, the load received from the cutting tool 104 when machining the workpiece 102 to process the gear can be received by the support jig 108, thereby reducing wear on the co-machining metal 110.

[0027] Therefore, the gear machining apparatus 100 can suppress the generation of burrs on the exit end face 124 of the workpiece 102, prevent wear of the member supporting the workpiece 102, prevent damage to the cutting tool 104, and ensure high durability.

[0028] Furthermore, in the gear machining apparatus 100, as shown in Figure 2, the inner circumferential surface 105 of the workpiece 102, which is the machined surface, and the co-machined surface 111 of the co-machined metal 110 are on the same plane. Therefore, in the co-machined metal 110, the second support surface 128 reliably contacts the cutting position of the exit end face 124 of the workpiece 102 that is cut by the cutting tool 104, thereby supporting the exit end face 124. In addition, the second support surface 128 and the co-machined surface 111 are reliably machined together with the workpiece 102 by the cutting tool 104.

[0029] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the workpiece 102 with the gear machining completed, removed from Figure 3. In the gear machining apparatus 100, the workpiece 102 with the gear machining completed can be removed by separating the jaws 114, 114 of the chuck 106 from each other as shown by arrows C and D.

[0030] Furthermore, when machining a gear by cutting a new workpiece (for subsequent machining operations), if the workpiece 102 is replaced but the cutting tool 104 is not replaced, the phase of the co-cut metal 110, which already has a depth of cut 132, and the phase of the cutting tool 104 will be aligned.

[0031] Therefore, when cutting the tooth groove 131 in subsequent machining operations, the cutting edge of the cutting tool 104 passes through the already formed notch 132, and the co-cutting metal 110 is not cut. However, the uncut portion of the co-cutting metal 110 becomes the backing for the tooth profile of the new workpiece. As a result, the gear machining device 100 can continuously suppress the generation of burrs on the exit end face 124 of the workpiece 102, even in subsequent machining operations.

[0032] Furthermore, in the gear machining apparatus 100, the receiving jig 108 is fixed to the chuck 106 in a replaceable manner, and the workpiece 110 is fixed to the receiving jig 108 in a replaceable manner. Therefore, even if the receiving jig 108 or workpiece 110 wears out due to machining a large number of workpieces 102 in the gear machining apparatus 100, these can be replaced individually.

[0033] The gear machining apparatus 100 described above is used to machine gears by cutting tooth grooves 131 into the inner circumferential surface 105 of the workpiece 102, but it is not limited to this and may also be applied to machine external teeth by cutting tooth grooves into the outer circumferential surface of the workpiece 102.

[0034] Preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the attached drawings, but it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to these examples. It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications or alterations can be conceived within the scope of the claims, and these will naturally also fall within the technical scope of the present invention. [Industrial applicability]

[0035] This invention can be used as a gear machining device that processes gears by cutting a workpiece through the movement of a tool. [Explanation of symbols]

[0036] 100...Gear machining device, 102...Workpiece, 104...Cutting tool, 105...Inner surface of workpiece, 106...Chuck, 108...Support jig, 110...Metal to be machined, 111...Metal to be machined surface, 112...Base, 114...Jaw part, 118...End face of base, 120, 126...Bolt, 122...First support surface of support jig, 124...Exit end face of workpiece, 128...Second support surface of metal to be machined, 130...Outer surface of workpiece, 131...Tooth groove, 132...Cut in metal to be machined

Claims

1. In a gear machining apparatus that processes gears by cutting a workpiece through the movement of a tool, When the end face on the side of the workpiece where the tool exits at the end of machining in the direction of tool movement is referred to as the exit end face, A chuck for holding the workpiece, A support jig that contacts the non-cutting position of the cut end face of the workpiece and supports the cut end face, The workpiece comprises a cut-off end face that contacts the cutting position of the tool, supports the cut-off end face, and is cut together with the workpiece by the tool, A gear machining apparatus characterized in that the receiving jig and the surface of the jointly machined metal facing the exit end face of the workpiece are a common plane.

2. The gear machining apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the machined surface of the workpiece and the machined surface of the co-machined metal are on the same plane.

3. The receiving jig is fixed to the chuck in a replaceable manner, The gear machining apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the aforementioned cut metal is fixed to the receiving jig in an interchangeable manner.

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