Polarizing plate with phase difference layer and image display device

Abstract

The present invention provides a polarizing plate with a retardation layer, the polarizing plate being capable of contributing to the improvement of durability of an image display device in a high-temperature high-humidity environment. A polarizing plate with a retardation layer according to the present invention sequentially comprises, in the following order: a polarizing plate that has a first main surface and a second main surface, which are opposite to each other, while comprising a polarizer from the first main surface toward the second main surface; a first adhesive layer; a first retardation layer; a bonding agent layer; a second retardation layer; and a second adhesive layer. This polarizing plate with a retardation layer also comprises an adhesive layer that contains an antistatic agent. With respect to this polarizing plate with a retardation layer, the tensile elastic modulus at 110°C of an adjacent layer that is adjacent to the second main surface side of the first retardation layer is 1 MPa or more; the addition amount of the antistatic agent in the adhesive layer that contains the antistatic agent is 5 phr or less; and if this polarizing plate with a retardation layer is bonded to a multilayer body, which comprises a polyethylene terephthalate resin film having a thickness of 50 µm and an aluminum layer that is provided on one surface of the polyethylene terephthalate resin film and has a thickness of 0.05 µm, in such a manner that the second adhesive layer is bonded to the surface of the aluminum layer, the resistivity change of the aluminum layer after being maintained in the bonded state at 110°C and 85% RH for 36 hours is 2 or less.

Description

[Technical Field] 【0001】 The present invention relates to a polarizing plate with a phase difference layer and an image display device. [Background technology] 【0002】 In recent years, image display devices, such as liquid crystal displays and electroluminescent (EL) displays (e.g., organic EL displays and inorganic EL displays), have become widespread. These image display devices generally utilize polarizing plates with a phase difference layer, which integrate a polarizing plate and a phase difference layer, for purposes such as optical compensation and prevention of external light reflection (Patent Document 1, etc.). For example, in organic EL displays, external light reflection caused by electrodes on the panel is prevented by placing a polarizing plate with a phase difference layer (circular polarizing plate) on the viewing side of the organic EL panel. 【0003】 Furthermore, in polarizing plates with a phase difference layer that are placed on the viewing side of image display panels such as organic EL panels and liquid crystal panels, an antistatic agent is incorporated into at least one of the constituent materials to prevent malfunctions of the image display device caused by static electricity. 【0004】 On the other hand, with the increasing diversification of usage environments, image display devices are required to have improved durability under high temperature and high humidity conditions. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents] 【0005】 [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2022-013705 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve] 【0006】 Regarding the durability of an image display device in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment, the inventors have investigated and found that, under high temperature and high humidity, cracks may occur in the retardation layer and iodine contained in the polarizer may flow out to the image display panel, or the antistatic agent may flow out to the image display panel. As a result, it has been found that corrosion may occur in the electrodes provided on the image display panel. Further, as the retardation layer, mainly, a retardation film composed of a stretched film of a resin film or a retardation film composed of an alignment and curing layer of a liquid crystal compound is used. Such a problem is likely to occur when a retardation film composed of a stretched film of a resin film having excellent reflection characteristics is used, and it has also been found that it tends not to occur when a retardation film composed of an alignment and curing layer of a liquid crystal compound is used. 【0007】 The present invention has been made based on the above findings, and its main object is to provide a polarizing plate with a retardation layer that can contribute to improving the durability of an image display device under high temperature and high humidity. 【Means for Solving the Problems】 【0008】 According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a polarizing plate with a retardation layer or an image display device as described in the following [1] to

[10] . [1] A polarizing plate with a retardation layer having a first main surface and a second main surface facing each other, and including a polarizer, a first adhesive layer, a first retardation layer, an adhesive layer, a second retardation layer, and a second adhesive layer in this order from the first main surface toward the second main surface, and including an adhesive layer containing an antistatic agent, wherein the tensile elastic modulus at 110°C of an adjacent layer adjacent to the second main surface side of the first retardation layer is 1 MPa or more, the addition amount of the antistatic agent in the adhesive layer containing the antistatic agent is 5 phr or less, and when the polarizing plate with a retardation layer is bonded via the second adhesive layer to the surface of an aluminum layer of a laminate including a polyethylene terephthalate resin film having a thickness of 50 μm and an aluminum layer having a thickness of 0.05 μm provided on one surface thereof, the resistivity change of the aluminum layer after being held at 110°C and 85% RH for 36 hours is 2 or less. [2] The polarizing plate with a phase difference layer according to [1], wherein the first phase difference layer is a stretched film of a resin film, the Re(550) of the first phase difference layer is 100 nm to 190 nm, the Re(450) / Re(550) is 0.8 or more and less than 1, and the angle between the slow axis of the first phase difference layer and the absorption axis of the polarizer is 40° to 50°. [3] A polarizing plate with a phase difference layer according to [1] or [2], wherein the thickness of the first phase difference layer is 10 μm or more. [4] A polarizing plate with a phase difference layer as described in [2], wherein the second phase difference layer exhibits refractive index characteristics of nz>nx=ny. [5] The surface resistivity of the first adhesive layer and / or the second adhesive layer is 9 × 10 11 A polarizing plate with a phase difference layer as described in any of [1] to [4], wherein the Ω / □ is less than or equal to [4]. [6] The above antistatic agent is bistrifluoromethanesulfonylimide (N(SO2CF3)2 - A polarizing plate with a phase difference layer according to any one of [1] to [5], comprising an ionic compound containing ) as an anion. [7] A polarizing plate with a phase difference layer according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the adjacent layer is the adhesive layer. [8] A polarizing plate with a phase difference layer according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the adjacent layer is a hard coat layer directly formed on the second main surface side of the first phase difference layer. [9] An image display device having an image display panel and a polarizing plate with a phase difference layer according to any one of [1] to [8] arranged on the viewing side of the image display panel.

[10] The image display device according to [9], wherein the image display panel includes an electrode, and the change in resistivity of the electrode after being held at 110°C and 85%RH for 36 hours is 2 or less. [Effects of the Invention] 【0009】 According to embodiments of the present invention, by providing a highly elastic layer adjacent to the first phase difference layer, thermal shrinkage of the first phase difference layer and the occurrence of cracks caused by said thermal shrinkage are suppressed, and the amount of antistatic agent added is kept within a range that provides a practically sufficient antistatic function without significantly plasticizing the adhesive layer. This suppresses the outflow of iodine or the antistatic agent to the image display panel, preventing problems caused by them, and as a result, the durability of the image display device under high temperature and high humidity conditions can be improved. [Brief explanation of the drawing] 【0010】 [Figure 1] This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a polarizing plate with a phase difference layer according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a polarizing plate with a phase difference layer according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] This is a schematic diagram illustrating the usage of a polarizing plate with a phase difference layer in one embodiment of the present invention. [Modes for carrying out the invention] 【0011】 The embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. The drawings may schematically represent the width, thickness, shape, etc., of each part compared to the embodiments in order to clarify the explanation, but these are merely examples and do not limit the interpretation of the present invention. Furthermore, in this specification, (meth)acrylic means acrylic and / or methacrylic. 【0012】 (Definitions of terms and symbols) The definitions of terms and symbols used in this specification are as follows: (1) Refractive index (nx, ny, nz) "nx" is the refractive index in the direction where the refractive index is maximum in the plane (i.e., the slow phase axis direction), "ny" is the refractive index in the direction perpendicular to the slow phase axis in the plane (i.e., the fast phase axis direction), and "nz" is the refractive index in the thickness direction. (2) In-plane phase difference (Re) "Re(λ)" is the in-plane phase difference measured with light of wavelength λnm at 23°C. For example, "Re(550)" is the in-plane phase difference measured with light of wavelength 550nm at 23°C. Re(λ) can be calculated using the formula: Re(λ) = (nx - ny) × d, where d (nm) is the thickness of the layer (film). (3) Phase difference in the thickness direction (Rth) "Rth(λ)" is the phase difference in the thickness direction measured with light of wavelength λnm at 23°C. For example, "Rth(550)" is the phase difference in the thickness direction measured with light of wavelength 550nm at 23°C. Rth(λ) can be calculated using the formula: Rth(λ) = (nx - nz) × d, where d (nm) is the thickness of the layer (film). (4) Nz coefficient The Nz coefficient is calculated using the formula Nz = Rth / Re. (5)Angle In this specification, when an angle is referred to, it encompasses both clockwise and counterclockwise directions with respect to the reference direction. Therefore, for example, "45°" means 45° clockwise and 45° counterclockwise. 【0013】 A. Polarizing plate with retardation layer A polarizing plate with a phase difference layer according to an embodiment of the present invention has a first main surface and a second main surface facing each other, and comprises, in this order from the first main surface toward the second main surface, a polarizing plate containing a polarizer, a first adhesive layer, a first phase difference layer, an adhesive layer, a second phase difference layer, and a second adhesive layer, wherein the tensile modulus of the adjacent layer adjacent to the second main surface side of the first phase difference layer is 1 MPa or more at 110°C, and includes an adhesive layer containing an antistatic agent, and the amount of the antistatic agent added to the adhesive layer containing the antistatic agent is 5 phr or less. In this invention, the adjacent layer adjacent to the second main surface side of the first phase difference layer is a layer adjacent so as to be in direct contact with the first phase difference layer. 【0014】 The polarizing plate with a phase difference layer according to an embodiment of the present invention is a laminate comprising a PET resin film with a thickness of 50 μm and an aluminum layer with a thickness of 0.05 μm provided on one side thereof. When the aluminum layer is bonded to the surface of the aluminum layer via a second adhesive layer, the change in resistivity of the aluminum layer (resistivity after holding / resistivity before holding) after holding for 36 hours under 110°C and 85% RH conditions is typically 2 or less, preferably 1.8 or less, more preferably 1.5 or less, and even more preferably 1.2 or less. The change in resistivity of the aluminum layer can be determined by the method described in the examples. 【0015】 A-1. Overall configuration of a polarizing plate with a phase difference layer Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a polarizing plate with a phase difference layer according to one embodiment of the present invention. The polarizing plate with a phase difference layer 100A has a first main surface 100a and a second main surface 100b, and includes, in this order from the first main surface 100a to the second main surface 100b, a polarizing plate 10, a first adhesive layer 20, a first phase difference layer 30, an adhesive layer 40, a second phase difference layer 50, and a second adhesive layer 60. The polarizing plate 10 has a polarizer 12, a first protective layer 14a located on the opposite side of the polarizer 12 from where the first phase difference layer 30 is located, and a second protective layer 14b located on the side where the first phase difference layer 30 is located. The polarizing plate 10 and the first phase difference layer 30 are bonded together via the first adhesive layer 20. The first phase difference layer 30 and the second phase difference layer 50 are bonded together via the adhesive layer 40. In this embodiment, the adjacent layer adjacent to the second main surface 100b side of the first phase difference layer 30 is an adhesive layer 40. 【0016】 Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a polarizing plate with a phase difference layer according to one embodiment of the present invention. The polarizing plate with a phase difference layer 100B has a first main surface 100a and a second main surface 100b, and includes, in this order from the first main surface 100a to the second main surface 100b, a polarizing plate 10, a first adhesive layer 20, a first phase difference layer 30, a hard coat layer 70, an adhesive layer 40, a second phase difference layer 50, and a second adhesive layer 60. The polarizing plate 10 has a polarizer 12, a first protective layer 14a located on the opposite side of the polarizer 12 from where the first phase difference layer 30 is located, and a second protective layer 14b located on the side where the first phase difference layer 30 is located. The polarizing plate 10 and the first phase difference layer 30 are bonded together via the first adhesive layer 20. Furthermore, the hard coat layer 70 is formed directly on the second main surface 100b side surface of the first phase difference layer 30, and the second phase difference layer 50 is bonded to the second main surface side via the adhesive layer 40. In this embodiment, the adjacent layer adjacent to the second main surface 100b side of the first phase difference layer 30 is the hard coat layer 70. 【0017】 A polarizing plate with a phase difference layer according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an adhesive layer containing an antistatic agent. Typically, at least one selected from a first adhesive layer and a second adhesive layer contains an antistatic agent. For example, in an organic EL display device incorporating a touch panel, unintended light emission may occur when a finger touches the display area. This light emission is mainly due to the accumulation of static electricity generated by contact. In addition, in liquid crystal display devices, static electricity may induce misalignment of liquid crystal compounds. In contrast, by using an adhesive layer containing an antistatic agent, such adverse effects on the image display device due to static electricity can be prevented. When the second adhesive layer located near the image display panel contains an antistatic agent, such adverse effects on the image display device due to static electricity can be suitably prevented. On the other hand, when the first adhesive layer located far from the image display panel contains an antistatic agent, in addition to preventing such adverse effects, it may be advantageous in that it can suppress corrosion of touch sensor electrodes such as aluminum layers caused by the antistatic agent. 【0018】 In the polarizing plate with a phase difference layer according to an embodiment of the present invention, the surface resistivity of the surface on the second adhesive layer side is preferably 9.0 × 10 11 Ω / □ or less, more preferably 1.0 × 10 8 Ω / □~8.0×10 11 Ω / □, more preferably 5.0 × 10 8 Ω / □~6.0×10 11 It is Ω / □. 【0019】 The configuration of the polarizing plate with a phase difference layer according to embodiments of the present invention is not limited to the illustrated example. Specifically, either the first protective layer 14a or the second protective layer 14b, for example, the second protective layer 14b, may be omitted depending on the purpose. Also, a release liner (not shown) may be temporarily attached to the surface of the polarizing plate with a phase difference layer 100A, 100B on the side facing the second adhesive layer 60. The release liner can protect the second adhesive layer 60 until the polarizing plate with a phase difference layer 100A, 100B is put into use. In practice, as shown in Figure 3, the polarizing plate with a phase difference layer 100 is attached to the viewing side of an image display panel 200 such as an organic EL panel or a liquid crystal panel via the second adhesive layer, with the second main surface 100b side attached, to constitute an image display device 300. The image display panel 200 typically includes electrodes (such as a conductive layer including a laminated structure of an Al layer and a Ti layer) on its surface and / or inside for driving display elements or for touch sensors. 【0020】 A polarizing plate with a phase difference layer may be elongated or in sheet form. Here, "elongated" refers to a slender shape in which the length is sufficiently longer than the width, for example, a slender shape in which the length is 10 times or more, preferably 20 times or more, than the width. An elongated polarizing plate with a phase difference layer can be wound into a roll. 【0021】 The thickness of the polarizing plate with a phase difference layer, excluding the second adhesive layer (thickness from the polarizing plate to the second phase difference layer), is, for example, 50 μm to 120 μm, preferably 70 μm to 100 μm, and more preferably 80 μm to 90 μm. 【0022】 A-2. Polarizing plate The polarizing plate 10 typically includes a polarizer and a protective layer disposed on one or both sides thereof. Preferably, the polarizing plate 10 includes a polarizer 12 and a first protective layer 14a disposed on the opposite side of the polarizer 12 from the side where the first phase difference layer 30 is located. A second protective layer 14b disposed on the side of the polarizer 12 with the first phase difference layer 30 may be omitted depending on the purpose. In one embodiment, the polarizer and the protective layer are bonded together via an adhesive layer (typically an adhesive layer). For example, the polarizer and the protective layer are bonded together using an active energy ray curable adhesive. In another embodiment, the polarizer and the protective layer are laminated in close contact without an adhesive layer. 【0023】 A-2-1. Polarizer Polarizers are typically resin films containing a dichroic substance (e.g., iodine). Examples of resin films include hydrophilic polymer films such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films, partially formalized PVA films, and partially saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer films. 【0024】 The thickness of the polarizer is preferably 18 μm or less, more preferably 15 μm or less, and even more preferably 12 μm or less. On the other hand, the thickness of the polarizer is preferably 1 μm or more. 【0025】 The polarizer preferably exhibits absorption dichroism at any wavelength between 380 nm and 780 nm. The transmittance of the polarizer is, for example, 41.5% to 46.0%, preferably 42.0% to 46.0%, and more preferably 44.5% to 46.0%. The degree of polarization of the polarizer is preferably 97.0% or higher, more preferably 99.0% or higher, and even more preferably 99.9% or higher. 【0026】 Polarizers can be fabricated by any suitable method. Specifically, polarizers may be fabricated from a single layer of resin film, or from a laminate of two or more layers. 【0027】 The method for producing polarizers from the above-mentioned single-layer resin film typically involves dyeing the resin film with a dichroic substance such as iodine or a dichroic dye, and then stretching it. Examples of hydrophilic polymer films used as resin films include polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films, partially formalized PVA films, and partially saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer films. This method may further include insolubilization, swelling, and crosslinking treatments. Since such manufacturing methods are well-known and commonly used in this industry, a detailed explanation is omitted. 【0028】 A polarizer obtained using the above laminate can be manufactured, for example, using a laminate of a resin substrate and a resin film or resin layer (typically a PVA-based resin layer). Specifically, it can be manufactured by applying a PVA-based resin solution to a resin substrate, drying it to form a PVA-based resin layer on the resin substrate, thereby obtaining a laminate of a resin substrate and a PVA-based resin layer; and stretching and dyeing the laminate to make the PVA-based resin layer a polarizer. In this embodiment, preferably, a PVA-based resin layer containing a halide and a PVA-based resin is formed on one side of the resin substrate. Stretching typically includes immersing the laminate in an aqueous boric acid solution and stretching it. Furthermore, stretching may, if necessary, further include air-stretching the laminate at a high temperature (e.g., 95°C or higher) before stretching in the aqueous boric acid solution. In addition, in this embodiment, preferably, the laminate is subjected to a drying shrinkage treatment in which it shrinks by 2% or more in the width direction by heating while being transported in the longitudinal direction. Typically, the manufacturing method of this embodiment involves subjecting the laminate to an air-assisted stretching treatment, a dyeing treatment, a water-assisted stretching treatment, and a drying shrinkage treatment in that order. By introducing auxiliary stretching, it is possible to increase the crystallinity of PVA even when PVA is coated on a thermoplastic resin, thereby achieving high optical properties. At the same time, by increasing the orientation of PVA in advance, it is possible to prevent problems such as a decrease in the orientation of PVA and dissolution when immersed in water in the subsequent dyeing and stretching processes, thereby achieving high optical properties. Furthermore, when the PVA-based resin layer is immersed in a liquid, compared to when the PVA-based resin layer does not contain halides, disorder in the orientation of PVA molecules and a decrease in orientation can be suppressed, thereby achieving high optical properties. Furthermore, by shrinking the laminate in the width direction through the drying shrinkage treatment, high optical properties can be achieved. A polarizing plate can be obtained by laminating a protective layer on the peeled surface obtained by peeling the resin substrate from the obtained resin substrate / polarizer laminate, or on the surface opposite to the peeled surface. Details of the manufacturing method of such polarizers are described, for example, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2012-73580 and Japanese Patent No. 6470455. The entire contents of these publications are incorporated herein by reference. 【0029】 A-2-2. 1st protective layer The first protective layer may be formed from any suitable resin film that can be used, for example, as a protective layer for a polarizer. Specific examples of resins that are the main components of the resin film include cellulosic resins such as triacetylcellulose (TAC), polyester resins, polyvinyl alcohol resins, polycarbonate resins, polyamide resins, polyimide resins, polyethersulfone resins, polysulfone resins, polystyrene resins, cycloolefin resins such as polynorbornene, polyolefin resins, (meth)acrylic resins, acetate resins, and the like. 【0030】 A polarizing plate with a phase difference layer is typically placed on the viewing side of an image display device (e.g., an organic EL display device), and the first protective layer is also placed on the viewing side. Therefore, the first protective layer may be subjected to surface treatments such as hard coat (HC) treatment, anti-reflective treatment, anti-sticking treatment, or anti-glare treatment, as needed. 【0031】 The thickness of the first protective layer is preferably 5 μm to 80 μm, more preferably 10 μm to 40 μm, and even more preferably 15 μm to 35 μm. If the above surface treatment is applied, the thickness of the first protective layer includes the thickness of the surface treatment layer. 【0032】 A-2-3.Second protective layer The second protective layer may be formed from any suitable resin film that can be used as a protective layer for the polarizer, for example. The same description as for the first protective layer applies to the second protective layer when it is formed from a resin film. Alternatively, for example, the second protective layer may be a solidified or cured layer of a coating film of an organic solvent solution containing the resin. The fact that the second protective layer is a solidified or cured layer of a coating film of an organic solvent solution containing the resin may improve adhesion to the polarizer. 【0033】 In one embodiment, the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin (base polymer) forming the solidified or cured layer may be 85°C or higher, and the weight-average molecular weight Mw may be 25,000 or higher. Having the Tg and Mw of the resin within this range allows for excellent durability in high-temperature and high-humidity environments despite the extremely thin thickness. The Tg of the resin is preferably 90°C or higher, more preferably 100°C or higher, even more preferably 110°C or higher, and particularly preferably 120°C or higher. The Tg may be, for example, 200°C or lower. Furthermore, the Mw of the resin is preferably 30,000 or higher, more preferably 35,000 or higher, and even more preferably 40,000 or higher. The Mw may be, for example, 150,000 or lower. 【0034】 As the resin, any suitable resin can be used as long as it can form a solidified or cured product (e.g., a thermosetting product) of the coated film of the organic solvent solution. Thermoplastic resins or thermosetting resins having the above-mentioned Tg and Mw are preferred, and thermoplastic resins are more preferred. Only one type of resin may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination. 【0035】 Examples of thermoplastic resins include acrylic resins and epoxy resins. Acrylic resins and epoxy resins may also be used in combination. 【0036】 Acrylic resins typically contain repeating units derived from (meth)acrylic acid ester monomers having a linear or branched structure as their main component. Acrylic resins may contain repeating units derived from any appropriate copolymer monomer depending on the purpose. Examples of copolymer monomers include carboxyl group-containing monomers, hydroxyl group-containing monomers, amide group-containing monomers, aromatic ring-containing (meth)acrylates, and heterocyclic vinyl monomers. By appropriately setting the type, number, combination, and copolymerization ratio of monomer units, an acrylic resin having the above-mentioned predetermined Tg and Mw can be obtained. Specific examples of acrylic resins include the boron-containing acrylic resin and lactone ring-containing acrylic resin described in sections

[0034] to

[0056] of Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2021-117484. 【0037】 Preferably, an epoxy resin having an aromatic ring is used as the epoxy resin. By using an epoxy resin having an aromatic ring as the epoxy resin, the adhesion between the protective layer and the polarizer can be improved. Furthermore, when the adhesive layer is placed adjacent to the protective layer, the anchoring force of the adhesive layer can be improved. Examples of epoxy resins having an aromatic ring include bisphenol type epoxy resins such as bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol F type epoxy resin, and bisphenol S type epoxy resin; novolac type epoxy resins such as phenol novolac epoxy resin, cresol novolac epoxy resin, and hydroxybenzaldehyde phenol novolac epoxy resin; polyfunctional epoxy resins such as glycidyl ether of tetrahydroxyphenylmethane, glycidyl ether of tetrahydroxybenzophenone, and epoxidized polyvinylphenol; naphthol type epoxy resin, naphthalene type epoxy resin, and biphenyl type epoxy resin. Preferably, bisphenol A type epoxy resin, biphenyl type epoxy resin, and bisphenol F type epoxy resin are used. Only one type of epoxy resin may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination. 【0038】 The second protective layer can be formed by applying an organic solvent solution of the above-mentioned resin to form a coating film, and then solidifying or thermally curing the coating film. As the organic solvent, any suitable organic solvent capable of dissolving or uniformly dispersing the acrylic resin or epoxy resin can be used. Specific examples of organic solvents include ethyl acetate, toluene, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), cyclopentanone, and cyclohexanone. The resin concentration in the solution is preferably 3 to 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of solvent. With such a resin concentration, a uniform coating film can be formed. 【0039】 The solution may be applied to any suitable substrate or to the polarizer. When the solution is applied to a substrate, the solidified or cured product (resin layer) of the coating film formed on the substrate is transferred to the polarizer. When the solution is applied to the polarizer, a protective layer is directly formed on the polarizer by drying (solidifying) or curing the coating film. Preferably, the solution is applied to the polarizer and a protective layer is directly formed on the polarizer. With this configuration, the adhesive layer or tack layer required for transfer can be omitted, so the polarizer can be made even thinner. Any suitable method can be used to apply the solution. Specific examples include the roll coating method, spin coating method, wire bar coating method, dip coating method, die coating method, curtain coating method, spray coating method, and knife coating method (comma coating method, etc.). 【0040】 A protective layer can be formed by solidifying or heat-curing the coated film of the solution. The heating temperature for solidification or heat-curing is preferably 100°C or lower, and more preferably 50°C to 70°C. Within this heating temperature range, adverse effects on the polarizer can be prevented. The heating time can vary depending on the heating temperature. The heating time may be, for example, 1 to 10 minutes. 【0041】 The second protective layer (essentially, an organic solvent solution of the above resin) may contain any suitable additives depending on the purpose. Specific examples of additives include: UV absorbers; leveling agents; antioxidants such as hindered phenols, phosphorus, and sulfur; stabilizers such as light stabilizers, weather stabilizers, and heat stabilizers; reinforcing materials such as glass fibers and carbon fibers; near-infrared absorbers; flame retardants such as tris(dibromopropyl) phosphate, triallyl phosphate, and antimony oxide; antistatic agents such as anionic, cationic, and nonionic surfactants; colorants such as inorganic pigments, organic pigments, and dyes; organic or inorganic fillers; resin modifiers; organic or inorganic fillers; plasticizers; lubricants; and flame retardants. The type, number, combination, and amount of additives can be appropriately determined depending on the purpose. 【0042】 When the second protective layer is the solidified or cured layer of a coating film of an organic solvent solution containing a resin, the thickness of the second protective layer is preferably 0.05 μm to 10 μm, more preferably 0.08 μm to 5 μm, even more preferably 0.1 μm to 1 μm, and particularly preferably 0.2 μm to 0.7 μm. 【0043】 A-3.First retardation layer The first phase difference layer 30 may have any suitable optical and / or mechanical properties depending on the purpose. The first phase difference layer typically has a slow axis. In one embodiment, the angle θ between the slow axis of the first phase difference layer 30 and the absorption axis of the polarizer 12 is, for example, 40° to 50°, preferably 42° to 48°, and more preferably about 45°. If the angle θ is within this range, by making the first phase difference layer a λ / 4 plate, a polarizer with a phase difference layer having very good circular polarization properties (and consequently very good anti-reflective properties) can be obtained. 【0044】 The first retardation layer preferably exhibits a refractive index characteristic of nx > ny ≧ nz. In one embodiment, the first retardation layer can function as a λ / 4 plate. In this case, the in-plane retardation Re(550) of the first retardation layer is, for example, 100 nm to 190 nm, preferably 110 nm to 170 nm, and more preferably 130 nm to 160 nm. Here, "ny = nz" includes not only the case where ny and nz are exactly equal but also the case where they are substantially equal. Therefore, within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention, ny < nz may occur. 【0045】 The Nz coefficient of the first retardation layer is preferably 0.9 to 3, more preferably 0.9 to 2.5, still more preferably 0.9 to 1.5, and particularly preferably 0.9 to 1.3. By satisfying such a relationship, when the polarizing plate with a retardation layer is used in an image display device, a very excellent reflected hue can be achieved. 【0046】 The first retardation layer may exhibit an inverse dispersion wavelength characteristic in which the retardation value increases with the wavelength of the measurement light, a positive wavelength dispersion characteristic in which the retardation value decreases with the wavelength of the measurement light, or a flat wavelength dispersion characteristic in which the retardation value hardly changes with the wavelength of the measurement light. In one embodiment, the first retardation layer exhibits an inverse dispersion wavelength characteristic. In this case, Re(450) / Re(550) of the retardation layer is, for example, 0.8 or more and less than 1, preferably 0.8 or more and 0.95 or less. With such a configuration, very excellent antireflection characteristics can be realized. 【0047】 The absolute value of the photoelastic coefficient of the first retardation layer is preferably 2 × 10 -11 m 2 / N or less, more preferably 2.0 × 10 -13 m 2 / N to 1.5 × 10 -11 m 2 / N, still more preferably 1.0 × 10 -12 m 2 / N to 1.2 × 10 -11 m 2It contains a resin with a density of / N. If the absolute value of the photoelastic coefficient is within this range, a phase difference change is less likely to occur when shrinkage stress occurs during heating. As a result, thermal unevenness in the resulting image display device can be effectively prevented. 【0048】 The first phase difference layer is typically composed of a stretched resin film. The thickness of the first phase difference layer is, for example, 10 μm or more, preferably 10 μm to 70 μm, more preferably 10 μm to 50 μm, and even more preferably 20 μm to 40 μm. When the thickness of the first phase difference layer is within this range, curling during heating can be well suppressed while curling during lamination can be well controlled. 【0049】 The first phase difference layer can be composed of any suitable resin film that satisfies the above characteristics. Typical examples of such resins include polycarbonate resins, polyester carbonate resins, polyester resins, polyvinyl acetal resins, polyarylate resins, cyclic olefin resins, cellulose resins, polyvinyl alcohol resins, polyamide resins, polyimide resins, polyether resins, polystyrene resins, and acrylic resins. These resins may be used individually or in combination (e.g., blended, copolymerized). When the first phase difference layer is composed of a resin film exhibiting inverse dispersion wavelength characteristics, polycarbonate resins or polyester carbonate resins (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as polycarbonate resins) can be suitably used. 【0050】 As the polycarbonate resin described above, any suitable polycarbonate resin can be used as long as the effects of the present invention are obtained. For example, the polycarbonate resin includes structural units derived from fluorene-based dihydroxy compounds, structural units derived from isosorbide-based dihydroxy compounds, and structural units derived from at least one dihydroxy compound selected from the group consisting of alicyclic diols, alicyclic dimethanol, di, tri, or polyethylene glycol, and alkylene glycol or spiroglycol. Preferably, the polycarbonate resin includes structural units derived from fluorene-based dihydroxy compounds, structural units derived from isosorbide-based dihydroxy compounds, structural units derived from alicyclic dimethanol, and / or structural units derived from di, tri, or polyethylene glycol; more preferably, it includes structural units derived from fluorene-based dihydroxy compounds, structural units derived from isosorbide-based dihydroxy compounds, and structural units derived from di, tri, or polyethylene glycol. The polycarbonate resin may optionally include structural units derived from other dihydroxy compounds. Further details regarding polycarbonate resins suitably used for the first phase difference layer and methods for forming the first phase difference layer are described, for example, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2014-10291, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2014-26266, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2015-212816, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2015-212817, and Japanese Patent Publication No. 2015-212818, and the descriptions in these publications are incorporated herein by reference. 【0051】 The first phase difference layer may contain any suitable additives depending on the purpose. Specific examples of additives include ultraviolet absorbers, leveling agents, antioxidants, stabilizers such as light stabilizers, weather stabilizers, and heat stabilizers, etc. In one embodiment, the first phase difference layer contains an ultraviolet absorber. The ultraviolet absorption capacity usually increases in proportion to the thickness of the material. Therefore, by adding an ultraviolet absorber to a first phase difference layer composed of a resin film and having a predetermined thickness, the additive concentration can be reduced, and as a result, excessive addition can be avoided, ensuring compatibility and preventing precipitation problems. The type, number, combination, and amount of additives can be appropriately set depending on the purpose. 【0052】 In one embodiment, an organic solvent is brought into contact with the second main surface of the first phase difference layer, and then an adhesive layer is provided on the contact surface, thereby forming a compatible region on the second main surface of the first phase difference layer in which the composition changes continuously from the first phase difference layer side toward the adhesive layer side. By forming a compatible region in which the components of the first phase difference layer and the components of the adhesive layer are compatible, the adhesion between the first phase difference layer and the second phase difference layer can be improved. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of strictly suppressing the penetration of moisture into the first phase difference layer (resulting in swelling of the first phase difference layer), it is preferable not to form a compatible region. Therefore, it is preferable to form the compatible region as needed, taking into consideration the adhesion force between the first phase difference layer and the second phase difference layer, the application or usage environment of the polarizing plate with the phase difference layer, etc. Details of the method for forming the compatible region are described in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2019-56820, which is incorporated herein by reference. 【0053】 A-4.Second retardation layer The second phase difference layer 50 can typically be a so-called positive C plate whose refractive index characteristics exhibit the relationship nz > nx = ny. By using a positive C plate as the second phase difference layer, reflections in oblique directions can be effectively prevented, enabling a wider viewing angle for the anti-reflective function. 【0054】 The phase difference Rth(550) in the thickness direction of the second phase difference layer is preferably -50nm to -300nm, more preferably -70nm to -250nm, even more preferably -90nm to -200nm, and particularly preferably -100nm to -180nm. Here, "nx=ny" includes not only the case where nx and ny are exactly equal, but also the case where nx and ny are substantially equal. That is, the in-plane phase difference Re(550) of the second phase difference layer may be less than 10nm. 【0055】 A second phase difference layer having the refractive index characteristic nz>nx=ny can be formed from any suitable material. Preferably, the second phase difference layer consists of a film containing a liquid crystal material fixed to a homeotropic orientation. The liquid crystal material (liquid crystal compound) that can be homeotropically oriented may be a liquid crystal monomer or a liquid crystal polymer. Specific examples of the liquid crystal compound and the method for forming the phase difference layer are described in paragraphs

[0020] to

[0028] of Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2002-333642. In this case, the thickness of the second phase difference layer is preferably 0.5 μm to 10 μm, more preferably 0.5 μm to 8 μm, and even more preferably 0.5 μm to 5 μm. 【0056】 A-5.Adhesive layer The first adhesive layer 20 and the second adhesive layer 60 (hereinafter, the first and second adhesive layers may be collectively referred to as the adhesive layer) each have a storage modulus at 110°C, preferably 0.01 MPa or more, more preferably 0.01 MPa to 1 MPa, and more preferably 0.02 MPa to 0.5 MPa. Furthermore, the first adhesive layer 20 and the second adhesive layer 60 each have a storage modulus at 23°C, preferably 0.05 MPa or more, more preferably 0.05 MPa to 1 MPa, and more preferably 0.07 MPa to 0.5 MPa. By using adhesive layers having such storage moduli, thermal shrinkage of the first phase difference layer under high temperature and high humidity conditions can be suppressed, and as a result, the effects of the present invention can be more favorably obtained. 【0057】 The adhesive constituting the adhesive layer typically contains a (meth)acrylic polymer, a urethane polymer, a silicone polymer, or a rubber polymer as a base polymer, and preferably contains a (meth)acrylic polymer. When a (meth)acrylic polymer is used as the base polymer, the adhesive layer is formed from an adhesive containing, for example, a (meth)acrylic polymer. 【0058】 A-5-1. (Meth)acrylic polymer (Meth)acrylic polymers preferably have structural units derived from alkyl (meth)acrylates having an alkyl group with 1 to 30 carbon atoms in the side chain. The alkyl group may be linear or branched. Examples of alkyl (meth)acrylates include methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, n-butyl (meth)acrylate, s-butyl (meth)acrylate, t-butyl (meth)acrylate, isobutyl (meth)acrylate, n-pentyl (meth)acrylate, isopentyl (meth)acrylate, n-hexyl (meth)acrylate, isohexyl (meth)acrylate, isoheptyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, n-octyl (meth)acrylate, isooctyl (meth)acrylate, n-nonyl (meth)acrylate, isononyl (meth)acrylate, n-decyl (meth)acrylate, isodecyl (meth)acrylate, n-dodecyl (meth)acrylate (lauryl (meth)acrylate), n-tridecyl (meth)acrylate, and n-tetradecyl (meth)acrylate. Furthermore, alkyl(meth)acrylates having long-chain alkyl groups (e.g., alkyl groups with 6 to 30 carbon atoms) such as n-dodecyl(meth)acrylate (lauryl(meth)acrylate) as side chains can also be used. One or more alkyl(meth)acrylates may be used. 【0059】 The content of alkyl (meth)acrylate in the total monomers constituting the (meth)acrylic polymer is, for example, 50% by weight or more, preferably 60% by weight or more, more preferably 70% by weight or more, and even more preferably 80% by weight or more. The upper limit of this content may be, for example, 99.9% by weight or less. 【0060】 (Meth)acrylic polymers may have structural units other than those derived from alkyl (meth)acrylate. These structural units are derived from monomers copolymerizable with alkyl (meth)acrylate (copolymer monomers). (Meth)acrylic polymers may have one or more structural units derived from copolymer monomers. 【0061】 Examples of copolymer monomers include aromatic ring-containing monomers. Aromatic ring-containing monomers may also be aromatic ring-containing (meth)acrylic monomers. Specific examples of aromatic ring-containing monomers include phenyl (meth)acrylate, phenoxyethyl (meth)acrylate, benzyl (meth)acrylate, phenoxydiethylene glycol (meth)acrylate, ethylene oxide-modified nonylphenol (meth)acrylate, hydroxyethylated β-naphthol (meth)acrylate, and biphenyl (meth)acrylate. The content of aromatic ring-containing monomers in the total monomers constituting the (meth)acrylic polymer may be, for example, 0% to 50% by weight, and may also be 1% to 30% by weight, 5% to 25% by weight, or 8% to 20% by weight. 【0062】 Another example of copolymer monomers is the (meth)acrylate shown in the following chemical formula (1). R in formula (1) 1 R is an alkyl group. The alkyl group may be linear or branched. 1 R is preferably a linear alkyl group. 1 Examples include the methyl group and the ethyl group. In formula (1), n ​​is an integer from 1 to 15. 【0063】 [ka] 【0064】 Specific examples of the (meth)acrylate shown in formula (1) include 2-methoxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethoxyethyl (meth)acrylate, and methoxytriethylene glycol (meth)acrylate. By using the (meth)acrylate of formula (1), when an antistatic agent is incorporated into the adhesive layer, an adhesive layer with low surface resistivity can be achieved with a small amount of antistatic agent. The content of the (meth)acrylate of formula (1) in the total monomers constituting the (meth)acrylic polymer is, for example, 5% to 95% by weight, and may be 10% to 90% by weight, 20% to 80% by weight, or 25% to 75% by weight. 【0065】 The copolymer monomer may be a polar group-containing monomer selected from carboxyl group-containing monomers, amino group-containing monomers, hydroxyl group-containing monomers, and amide group-containing monomers. A base polymer having a polar group allows for more favorable suppression of the leakage of an antistatic agent when one is incorporated. Specific examples of carboxyl group-containing monomers include (meth)acrylic acid, carboxyethyl (meth)acrylate, carboxypentyl (meth)acrylate, itaconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, and crotonic acid. Specific examples of amino group-containing monomers include N,N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate and N,N-dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate. Specific examples of hydroxyl group-containing monomers include hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylates such as 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate, 6-hydroxyhexyl (meth)acrylate, 8-hydroxyoctyl (meth)acrylate, 10-hydroxydecyl (meth)acrylate, and 12-hydroxylauryl (meth)acrylate, as well as (4-hydroxymethylcyclohexyl)-methyl acrylate. Specific examples of amide group-containing monomers include acrylamide monomers such as (meth)acrylamide, N,N-dimethyl(meth)acrylamide, N,N-diethyl(meth)acrylamide, N-isopropylacrylamide, N-methyl(meth)acrylamide, N-butyl(meth)acrylamide, N-hexyl(meth)acrylamide, N-methylol(meth)acrylamide, N-methylol-N-propane(meth)acrylamide, aminomethyl(meth)acrylamide, aminoethyl(meth)acrylamide, mercaptomethyl(meth)acrylamide, and mercaptoethyl(meth)acrylamide; N-acryloyl heterocyclic monomers such as N-(meth)acryloylmorpholine, N-(meth)acryloylpiperidine, and N-(meth)acryloylpyrrolidine; and N-vinyl group-containing lactam monomers such as N-vinylpyrrolidone and N-vinyl-ε-caprolactam. 【0066】 The total content of the polar group-containing monomers in all monomers constituting the (meth)acrylic polymer is, for example, 15% by weight or less, preferably 0.1% to 10% by weight, and more preferably 0.1% to 5% by weight. When the (meth)acrylic polymer is used in combination with an antistatic agent, the total content of the polar group-containing monomers in all monomers constituting the (meth)acrylic polymer is, for example, 0.1% by weight or more, preferably 0.5% to 10% by weight, and more preferably 0.5% to 8% by weight. 【0067】 The copolymer monomer may be a polyfunctional monomer. Examples of polyfunctional monomers include polyfunctional acrylates such as hexanediol di(meth)acrylate (1,6-hexanediol di(meth)acrylate), butanediol di(meth)acrylate, (poly)ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, (poly)propylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, neopentyl glycol di(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol di(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tri(meth)acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa(meth)acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate, tetramethylolmethane tri(meth)acrylate, allyl(meth)acrylate, vinyl(meth)acrylate, epoxy acrylate, polyester acrylate, and urethane acrylate; as well as divinylbenzene. The polyfunctional acrylates preferably include 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate and dipentaerythritol hexa(meth)acrylate. 【0068】 The content of polyfunctional monomers in the total monomers constituting the (meth)acrylic polymer is preferably 1% by weight or less, more preferably 0.9% by weight or less, and even more preferably 0.8% by weight or less. The lower limit of this total content may be, for example, 0.01% by weight or more, 0.015% by weight or more, or 0.02% by weight or more. The (meth)acrylic polymer does not have to contain constituent units derived from polyfunctional monomers. 【0069】 Other copolymer monomers include epoxy group-containing monomers such as glycidyl (meth)acrylate and methylglycidyl (meth)acrylate; sulfonic acid group-containing monomers such as sodium vinyl sulfonate; phosphate group-containing monomers; (meth)acrylate esters having alicyclic hydrocarbon groups such as cyclopentyl (meth)acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, and isobornyl (meth)acrylate; vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate; aromatic vinyl compounds such as styrene and vinyltoluene; olefins or dienes such as ethylene, propylene, butadiene, isoprene, and isobutylene; vinyl ethers such as vinyl alkyl ethers; and vinyl chloride. 【0070】 The total content of the above-mentioned other copolymer monomers in the total monomers constituting the (meth)acrylic polymer is, for example, 30% by weight or less, preferably 10% by weight or less, and may be 0% by weight. 【0071】 (Meth)acrylic polymers can be formed by polymerizing one or more of the above-mentioned monomers by known methods. A monomer may be polymerized with a partially polymerized monomer (oligomer). By using monomers with high glass transition temperatures (Tg) (e.g., methyl (meth)acrylate, phenoxyethyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, etc.) and / or oligomers with high Tg, and by combining the obtained (meth)acrylic polymer with an additive with a high Tg (e.g., a crosslinking agent), a highly elastic adhesive layer can be obtained. Polymerization can be carried out, for example, by solution polymerization, emulsion polymerization, bulk polymerization, thermal polymerization, or active energy ray polymerization (e.g., UV polymerization). From the viewpoint of forming an adhesive layer with excellent optical transparency, solution polymerization or active energy ray polymerization is preferred. 【0072】 The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of the (meth)acrylic polymer is, for example, 1 million to 2.8 million, and is preferably 1.2 million or more, more preferably 1.4 million or more, from the viewpoint of durability and heat resistance of the adhesive layer. The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) is determined as a value (polystyrene equivalent) based on GPC (gel permeation chromatography) measurement. 【0073】 The content of (meth)acrylic polymer in the adhesive is, for example, 50% by weight or more, preferably 60% by weight or more, more preferably 70% by weight or more, and even more preferably 80% by weight or more, in terms of solid content. The upper limit of the content may be, for example, 99.9% by weight or less, preferably 99.8% by weight or less. 【0074】 A-5-2. Antistatic agent As described above, at least one of the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer contains an antistatic agent. The surface resistivity of the adhesive layer containing the antistatic agent is preferably 9.0 × 10⁻⁶. 11 Ω / □ or less, more preferably 1.0 × 10 8 Ω / □~8.0×10 11 Ω / □, more preferably 5.0 × 10 8 Ω / □~6.0×10 11 It is Ω / □. 【0075】 Examples of antistatic agents include ionic compounds such as salts and conductive polymers. A single antistatic agent may be used alone, or two or more may be used in combination. 【0076】 Examples of ionic compounds include ionic liquids that are liquid at room temperature (25°C). When incorporated into an adhesive layer, ionic compounds exhibit high compatibility with the base polymer (typically (meth)acrylic polymers) and can maintain optical transparency. 【0077】 Examples of cations constituting ionic compounds include metal ions and onium ions. Examples of metal ions include alkali metal ions and alkaline earth metal ions. Alkali metal ions include, for example, lithium ions, sodium ions, and potassium ions, and may also be lithium ions. Examples of alkaline earth metal ions include magnesium ions and calcium ions. 【0078】 Examples of onium ions include ions in which at least one atom selected from nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur atoms is positively charged (+). Onium ions may also be organic ions, in which case they may be ions of cyclic organic compounds or chain-like organic compounds. Cyclic organic compounds may be aromatic or non-aromatic, such as aliphatic compounds. Specific examples of onium ions include quaternary ammonium ions such as N-ethyl-N,N-dimethyl-N-(2-methoxyethyl)ammonium ion, N,N-diethyl-N-methyl-N-(2-methoxyethyl)ammonium ion, N-ethyl-N,N-dimethyl-N-propylammonium ion, N-methyl-N,N,N-trioctylammonium ion, N,N,N-trimethyl-N-propylammonium ion, tetrabutylammonium ion, tetramethylammonium ion, tetrahexylammonium ion, and N-methyl-N,N,N-tributylammonium ion. Examples include pyridinium ions such as N-alkylpyridinium ions substituted with C4-C16 alkyl groups; imidazolium ions such as 1,3-alkylmethylimidazolium ions substituted with C2-C10 alkyl groups (e.g., ethyl groups) and 1,2-dimethyl-3-alkylimidazolium ions substituted with C2-C10 alkyl groups; phosphonium ions, pyrrolidinium ions, pyridazinium ions, pyrimidinium ions, pyrazinium ions, pyrazorium ions, thiazolium ions, oxazolium ions, triazolium ions, and piperidinium ions. 【0079】 Specific examples of anions that make up ionic compounds include fluorides, chlorides, bromides, iodides, and perchlorates (ClO4). - ), hydroxyl (OH - ), carbonate (CO3 2- ), nitrate (NO3 - ), sulfonate (SO4 - ), methylbenzenesulfonate (CH3(C6H4)SO3 - ), p-toluenesulfonate (CH3C6H4SO3 - ), carboxybenzenesulfonate (COOH(C6H4)SO3 - ), trifluoromethanesulfonate (CF3SO2 - ), benzoate (C6H5COO - ), acetate (CH3COO - ), trifluoroacetate (CF3COO - ), tetrafluoroborate (BF4 - ), Tetrabenzylborate (B(C6H5)4 - ), hexafluorophosphate (PF6 - ), trispentafluoroethyl trifluorophosphate (P(C2F5)3F3 - ), bisfluorosulfonyliimide (N(SO2F)2 - ), bistrifluoromethanesulfonylimide (N(SO2CF3)2 - ), bispentafluoroethanesulfonylimide (N(SOC2F5)2 - ), bispentafluoroethanecarbonylimide (N(COC2F5)2 - ), Bisperfluorobutanesulfonylimide (N(SO2C4F9)2 - ), Bisperfluorobutanecarbonylimide (N(COC4F9)2 - ), Tristrifluoromethanesulfonylmethide (C(SO2CF3)3 - ), and tristrifluoromethanecarbonylmethide (C(SO2CF3)3 - ) are some examples. 【0080】 Ionic compounds may contain anions that include a sulfur atom. A specific example of an anion containing a sulfur atom is bisfluorosulfonylimide (N(SO2F)2 - ) and bistrifluoromethanesulfonylimide (N(SO2CF3)2 - ) are some examples. 【0081】 The ionic compound may be an organic salt. Alternatively, the ionic compound may be a lithium salt, and may be a lithium organic salt containing a lithium ion and an organic ion as the cation and anion, respectively. 【0082】 Specific examples of ionic compounds include 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bisfluorosulfonylimide, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSi), ethylmethylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (EMP-TFSi), and tributylmethylammonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TBMA-TFSi). 【0083】 Ionic compounds do not necessarily need to contain phosphorus atoms. Ionic compounds containing phosphorus atoms tend to corrode touch panels (more specifically, the conductive layer of the touch panel). 【0084】 Examples of conductive polymers include polythiophene, polyaniline, polypyrrole, polyquinoxaline, polyacetylene, polyphenylenevinylene, polynaphthalene, and derivatives thereof. The conductive polymer is preferably polythiophene, polyaniline, and derivatives thereof, and more preferably a polythiophene derivative. 【0085】 Conductive polymers may have hydrophilic functional groups. Examples of hydrophilic functional groups include sulfone groups, amino groups, amide groups, imino groups, hydroxyl groups, mercapto groups, hydrazino groups, carboxyl groups, sulfate ester groups, phosphate ester groups, and salts thereof (e.g., quaternary ammonium bases). 【0086】 From the viewpoint of conductivity and chemical stability, the conductive polymer is preferably poly(3,4-disubstituted thiophene). Examples of poly(3,4-disubstituted thiophene) include poly(3,4-alkylenedioxythiophene) and poly(3,4-dialkoxythiophene), with poly(3,4-alkylenedioxythiophene) being preferred. Poly(3,4-alkylenedioxythiophene) has, for example, a structural unit represented by the following formula (2). 【0087】 [ka] 【0088】 R in equation (2) 2 For example, the alkylene group has 1 to 4 carbon atoms. The alkylene group may be linear or branched. Examples of the alkylene group are a methylene group, a 1,2-ethylene group, a 1,3-propylene group, a 1,4-butylene group, a 1-methyl-1,2-ethylene group, a 1-ethyl-1,2-ethylene group, a 1-methyl-1,3-propylene group, and a 2-methyl-1,3-propylene group, preferably a methylene group, a 1,2-ethylene group, or a 1,3-propylene group, and more preferably a 1,2-ethylene group. The conductive polymer may be poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). 【0089】 Polyanions can be used as dopants. When the conductive polymer is polythiophene (or a derivative thereof), the polyanion can form an ion pair with polythiophene (or a derivative thereof). The polyanion is not particularly limited and includes, for example, carboxylic acid polymers such as polyacrylic acid, polymaleic acid, and polymethacrylic acid; and sulfonic acid polymers such as polystyrene sulfonic acid, polyvinyl sulfonic acid, and polyisoprene sulfonic acid. The polyanion may also be a copolymer of vinyl carboxylic acids or vinyl sulfonic acids with other monomers. Other monomers include (meth)acrylate compounds; and aromatic vinyl compounds such as styrene and vinylnaphthalene. The polyanion is preferably polystyrene sulfonic acid (PSS). The conductive polymer that is a complex with the dopant may be, for example, a complex of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and polystyrene sulfonic acid (PEDOT / PSS). 【0090】 The amount of antistatic agent in the adhesive layer is typically 5 phr (per hundred resin) or less. Specifically, the amount of antistatic agent in the adhesive layer is typically 5 parts by weight or less, preferably 0.05 to 4 parts by weight, and more preferably 0.1 to 3 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the base polymer. If the amount of antistatic agent exceeds 5 phr, the antistatic agent may leach into the image display panel, potentially causing adverse effects. Furthermore, the adhesive layer may become plasticized, reducing its effectiveness in suppressing thermal shrinkage or swelling due to moisture absorption of the first phase difference layer. In one embodiment, the amount of antistatic agent containing phosphorus atoms in the adhesive layer is preferably 2.5 parts by weight or less, more preferably 2 parts by weight or less, and even more preferably 1.5 parts by weight or less, per 100 parts by weight of the base polymer, and may be, for example, 0 parts by weight. 【0091】 A-5-3. Additives The adhesive may further contain additives other than antistatic agents. Specific examples of additives include silane coupling agents, crosslinking agents, antioxidants, colorants, pigments and other powders, dyes, surfactants, plasticizers, tackifiers, surface lubricants, leveling agents, softeners, anti-aging agents, light stabilizers, UV absorbers, polymerization inhibitors, inorganic or organic fillers, metal powders, particulate matter, and foil-like materials. Furthermore, a redox system with a reducing agent may be adopted within a controllable range. The type, number, combination, and content of additives can be set to any appropriate value depending on the purpose. 【0092】 Examples of crosslinking agents include organic crosslinking agents and polyfunctional metal chelates. Examples of organic crosslinking agents include isocyanate crosslinking agents, peroxide crosslinking agents, epoxy crosslinking agents, and imine crosslinking agents. The crosslinking agent is preferably a peroxide crosslinking agent or an isocyanate crosslinking agent. One type of crosslinking agent may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination. For example, a peroxide crosslinking agent and an isocyanate crosslinking agent can be used in combination. 【0093】 The amount of crosslinking agent in the adhesive is, for example, 0.01 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, and more preferably 0.1 to 3 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of (meth)acrylic polymer. 【0094】 Typical examples of silane coupling agents include functional group-containing silane coupling agents. Examples of functional groups include epoxy groups, mercapto groups, amino groups, isocyanate groups, isocyanurate groups, vinyl groups, styryl groups, acetoacetyl groups, ureido groups, thiourea groups, (meth)acrylic groups, heterocyclic groups, acid anhydride groups, and combinations thereof. A single silane coupling agent may be used, or two or more may be used in combination. 【0095】 The amount of silane coupling agent in the adhesive is, for example, 0.01 to 5 parts by weight, preferably 0.01 to 3 parts by weight, and more preferably 0.01 to 1 part by weight, per 100 parts by weight of (meth)acrylic polymer. 【0096】 The thickness of the first adhesive layer is typically 1 μm to 25 μm, preferably 2 μm to 20 μm, and more preferably 3 μm to 18 μm. 【0097】 The thickness of the second adhesive layer is typically 5 μm to 50 μm, preferably 7 μm to 40 μm, and more preferably 10 μm to 30 μm. 【0098】 A-6.Adhesive layer Any suitable adhesive can be used as the adhesive constituting the adhesive layer 40. Typical adhesives include active energy ray curing adhesives. Examples of active energy ray curing adhesives include ultraviolet curing adhesives and electron beam curing adhesives. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of curing mechanism, examples of active energy ray curing adhesives include radical curing type, cationic curing type, anionic curing type, and hybrids of radical curing type and cationic curing type. Typically, a radical curing ultraviolet curing adhesive can be used because it is highly versatile and its properties can be easily adjusted. 【0099】 Adhesives typically contain a curing component and a photopolymerization initiator. Typical curing components include monomers and / or oligomers having functional groups such as (meth)acrylate groups and (meth)acrylamide groups. Specific examples of curing components include tripropylene glycol diacrylate, 1,9-nonanediol diacrylate, tricyclodecanedimethanol diacrylate, phenoxydiethylene glycol acrylate, cyclic trimethylolpropane formal acrylate, dioxane glycol diacrylate, EO-modified diglycerin tetraacrylate, γ-butyrolactone acrylate, acryloylmorpholine, unsaturated fatty acid hydroxyalkyl ester-modified ε-caprolactone, N-methylpyrrolidone, hydroxyethylacrylamide, N-methylolacrylamide, N-methoxymethylacrylamide, and N-ethoxymethylacrylamide. These curing components may be used alone or in combination of two or more. 【0100】 The adhesive may contain a curing component having a heterocyclic ring. Examples of curing components having a heterocyclic ring include acryloylmorpholine, γ-butyrolactone acrylate, unsaturated fatty acid hydroxyalkyl ester-modified ε-caprolactone, and N-methylpyrrolidone. 【0101】 The adhesive may further contain oligomer components in addition to the curing components mentioned above. By using oligomer components, the viscosity of the adhesive before curing can be reduced, improving its handling properties. Typical examples of oligomer components include (meth)acrylic oligomers. Examples of (meth)acrylic monomers constituting (meth)acrylic oligomers include (meth)acrylic acid (C1-C20) alkyl esters, cycloalkyl (meth)acrylates (e.g., cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, cyclopentyl (meth)acrylate, etc.), aralkyl (meth)acrylates (e.g., benzyl (meth)acrylate, etc.), polycyclic (meth)acrylates (e.g., 2-isobornyl (meth)acrylate, 2-norbornylmethyl (meth)acrylate, 5-norbornen-2-yl-methyl (meth)acrylate, 3-methyl-2-norbornylmethyl (meth)acrylate, etc.), hydroxyl group-containing (meth)acrylic acid esters (e.g., hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 2,3-dihydroxypropylmethyl-butyl (meth)methacrylate, etc.), and alkoxy group or phenoxy group-containing (meth) Examples include acrylic acid esters (2-methoxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethoxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-methoxymethoxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 3-methoxybutyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl carbitol (meth)acrylate, phenoxyethyl (meth)acrylate, etc.), epoxy group-containing (meth)acrylic acid esters (e.g., glycidyl (meth)acrylate, etc.), halogen-containing (meth)acrylic acid esters (e.g., 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl (meth)acrylate, 2,2,2-trifluoroethylethyl (meth)acrylate, tetrafluoropropyl (meth)acrylate, hexafluoropropyl (meth)acrylate, octafluoropentyl (meth)acrylate, heptadecafluorodecyl (meth)acrylate, etc.), and alkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylates (e.g., dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, etc.).Specific examples of alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid (with 1 to 20 carbon atoms) include methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, n-propyl (meth)acrylate, isopropyl (meth)acrylate, 2-methyl-2-nitropropyl (meth)acrylate, n-butyl (meth)acrylate, isobutyl (meth)acrylate, s-butyl (meth)acrylate, t-butyl (meth)acrylate, n-pentyl (meth)acrylate, t-pentyl (meth)acrylate, 3-pentyl (meth)acrylate, 2,2-dimethylbutyl (meth)acrylate, n-hexyl (meth)acrylate, cetyl (meth)acrylate, n-octyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, 4-methyl-2-propylpentyl (meth)acrylate, and n-octadecyl (meth)acrylate. These (meth)acrylates may be used individually or in combination of two or more types. 【0102】 Since the photopolymerization initiator can be a well-known one in the industry and used in a well-known proportion, a detailed explanation will be omitted. 【0103】 The tensile modulus of the adhesive layer can be adjusted to a desired value by adjusting the type and amount of curing components and photopolymerization initiators. 【0104】 The thickness of the adhesive layer (after curing) is typically 0.1 μm to 5 μm, preferably 0.2 μm to 4 μm, and more preferably 0.3 μm to 3 μm. 【0105】 A-7. Hard coat layer The hard coat layer 70 can typically be formed by applying a hard coat layer-forming composition containing a curing component and a photopolymerization initiator to the second main surface of the first phase difference layer and curing it. 【0106】 Typical examples of curing components include active energy ray-curable (meth)acrylates. Examples of active energy ray-curable (meth)acrylates include ultraviolet-curable (meth)acrylates and electron beam-curable (meth)acrylates. Preferably, ultraviolet-curable (meth)acrylates are used because they allow for efficient formation of a hard coat layer with simple processing operations. 【0107】 UV-curable (meth)acrylates include UV-curable monomers, oligomers, polymers, etc. UV-curable (meth)acrylates include monomer and oligomer components having preferably two or more, more preferably three to six, UV polymerization functional groups. Specific examples of UV-curable (meth)acrylates include urethane acrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, ethoxylated glycerin triacrylate, and polyether urethane diacrylate. In addition to these, curing components of active energy ray-curable adhesives described in section A-6 may be used. Curing components may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The curing method may be radical polymerization or cationic polymerization. In one embodiment, an organic-inorganic hybrid material may be used, which is a compound of (meth)acrylate with silica particles or polysilsesquioxane compounds. The constituent materials and methods for forming the hard coat layer are described, for example, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2011-237789, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2020-064236, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2010-152331, etc. The descriptions in these publications are incorporated herein by reference. 【0108】 Since the photopolymerization initiator can be a well-known one in the industry and used in a well-known proportion, a detailed explanation will be omitted. 【0109】 The tensile modulus of the hard coat layer can be adjusted to a desired value by adjusting the type and amount of curing components and photopolymerization initiators. 【0110】 The thickness of the hard coat layer is, for example, 0.1 μm to 5 μm, preferably 0.2 μm to 4 μm, and more preferably 0.3 μm to 3 μm. 【0111】 A-8. Adjacent Layer As described above, the adjacent layer is a layer adjacent to the second main surface 100b side of the first phase difference layer 30 so as to be in direct contact with it. In one embodiment, the adjacent layer is an adhesive layer 40 provided for bonding the first phase difference layer 30 and the second phase difference layer 50. In another embodiment, the adjacent layer is a hard coat layer formed on the second main surface 100b side surface of the first phase difference layer 30. 【0112】 The tensile modulus of the adjacent layer at 110°C is 1 MPa or more, typically 10 MPa or more, preferably 20 MPa or more, more preferably 20 MPa to 100 GPa, and even more preferably 20 MPa to 10 GPa. By providing a layer having such a tensile modulus in close contact with the first phase difference layer, it is possible to contribute to suppressing thermal shrinkage of the first phase difference layer under high temperature and high humidity conditions. As a result, the occurrence of cracks in the first phase difference layer is suppressed, and the outflow of iodine and antistatic agents to the image display panel can also be suppressed. 【0113】 The tensile modulus of the adjacent layer at 23°C is preferably 10 MPa or higher, more preferably 20 MPa or higher, and even more preferably 20 MPa to 100 GPa. By providing a layer having such a tensile modulus in close contact with the first phase difference layer, it is possible to suppress thermal shrinkage of the first phase difference layer under high temperature and high humidity conditions. As a result, the occurrence of cracks in the first phase difference layer is suppressed, and the outflow of iodine and antistatic agents to the image display panel can also be suppressed. 【0114】 A-9. Peel-off liner Examples of the release liner include a flexible plastic film. Examples of such plastic films include polyethylene terephthalate film, polyethylene film, polypropylene film, and polyester film. The thickness of the release liner is, for example, 3 μm or more, and for example, 200 μm or less. The surface of the release liner is coated with a release agent. Specific examples of release agents include silicone-based release agents, fluorine-based release agents, and long-chain alkyl acrylate-based release agents. 【0115】 B. Method for manufacturing a polarizing plate with a phase difference layer The polarizing plate with a phase difference layer described in Section A can be manufactured by a manufacturing method that includes (Step 1) bonding the polarizing plate and the first phase difference layer via a first adhesive layer, (Step 2) bonding the first phase difference layer and the second phase difference layer via an adhesive layer, and (Step 3) providing the second adhesive layer on the side of the second phase difference layer opposite to the side on which the first phase difference layer is provided. The order of Steps 1 to 3 is not particularly limited. For example, a laminate can be made by bonding the first phase difference layer and the second phase difference layer via an adhesive layer (Step 2), bonding the laminate to the polarizing plate via the first adhesive layer (Step 1), and then laminating the second adhesive layer onto the resulting polarizing plate with a phase difference layer (Step 3). The adhesive layer can be formed by coating one of the adherends with adhesive, laminating the other adherend on the coated layer, and then irradiating it with active energy rays. The irradiation conditions can be appropriately set according to the composition of the adhesive, the purpose, etc. 【0116】 C. Image display device The polarizing plate with a phase difference layer described in Section A can be applied to an image display device. Therefore, embodiments of the present invention also include image display devices having such a polarizing plate with a phase difference layer. Typical examples of image display devices include liquid crystal displays and organic EL displays. An image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises, for example, an image display panel 200 such as a liquid crystal panel or an organic EL panel, and a polarizing plate with a phase difference layer 100 described in Section A, which is positioned on the viewing side of the image display panel 200, as shown in Figure 3. In this case, the polarizing plate with a phase difference layer 100 is bonded to the image display panel 200 via a second adhesive layer such that the second main surface 100b faces the image display panel 200. The image display panel 200 typically includes electrodes (such as a conductive layer including a laminated structure of an Al layer and a Ti layer) on its surface and / or inside for driving display elements or for use as a touch sensor. In one embodiment, the change in resistivity of the electrode (resistivity after holding / resistivity before holding) after holding the image display device at 110°C and 85%RH for 36 hours is 2 or less, preferably 1.8 or less, more preferably 1.5 or less, and even more preferably 1.2 or less. [Examples] 【0117】 The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. Unless otherwise specified, "parts" and "%" in the examples and comparative examples are based on weight. 【0118】 <Thickness> Thicknesses of 10 μm or less were measured using a scanning electron microscope (JEOL Ltd., product name "JSM-7100F"). Thicknesses exceeding 10 μm were measured using a digital micrometer (Anritsu Corporation, product name "KC-351C"). <Tensile modulus> In accordance with JIS K 7127, tensile tests were performed at 23°C or 110°C, and the tensile modulus was calculated from the linear regression of the resulting stress-strain curves. For the tensile tests, a sample was prepared by cutting an adhesive layer formed to a thickness of 1 mm into a 10 mm wide strip. Each 20 mm end of the sample was clamped in the chucks of a universal tensile testing machine, and the test was performed under the conditions of a chuck distance of 60 mm and a tensile speed of 150 mm / min. <Storage modulus> Multiple adhesive layers were laminated to a thickness of approximately 1.5 mm to create a sample for measurement. Dynamic viscoelasticity measurements were performed using the "Advanced Rheometric Expansion System (ARES)" manufactured by Rheometric Scientific under the following conditions, and the storage modulus at 23°C or 110°C was read from the measurement results. (Measurement conditions) Transformation mode: Twist Measurement frequency: 1Hz Heating rate: 5°C / min Measurement temperature range: -50 to 150°C Shape: Parallel plate 8.0mmφ <Surface resistivity> Of the first and second adhesive layers used in the fabrication of the polarizing plate with a phase difference layer, the adhesive layer containing the antistatic agent was left in a room (temperature 25±5℃, relative humidity 50±10%) for 1 minute in the laminated state of [release liner / adhesive layer], and its surface resistivity was measured using a high-resistivity resistivity meter (Mitsubishi Chemical Analytec, Highresta MCP-HT450). For Comparative Example 2, the surface resistivity was measured for both the first and second adhesive layers in the same manner as above. The upper limit for surface resistivity measurement was 1 × 10⁻⁶ 14 It was Ω / □. 【0119】 [Manufacturing Example 1: Polarizing Plate] As a thermoplastic resin substrate, an amorphous isophthalic copolymer polyethylene terephthalate film (thickness: 100 μm) in a long length with a Tg of approximately 75°C was used, and one side of the resin substrate was subjected to corona treatment. A PVA aqueous solution (coating solution) was prepared by dissolving 100 parts by weight of a PVA-based resin, which was prepared by mixing polyvinyl alcohol (degree of polymerization 4200, degree of saponification 99.2 mol%) and acetoacetyl-modified PVA (manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., trade name "Gosephymer") in a 9:1 ratio, with 13 parts by weight of potassium iodide. A PVA aqueous solution was applied to the corona-treated surface of a resin substrate and dried at 60°C to form a 13 μm thick PVA-based resin layer, thereby creating a laminate. The resulting laminate was uniaxially stretched 2.4 times in the longitudinal direction (longitudinal direction) in an oven at 130°C (air-assisted stretching). Next, the laminate was immersed for 30 seconds in an insolubilization bath at a liquid temperature of 40°C (a boric acid aqueous solution obtained by mixing 4 parts by weight of boric acid with 100 parts by weight of water) (insolubilization treatment). Next, the polarizers were immersed for 60 seconds in a staining bath at a liquid temperature of 30°C (an iodine aqueous solution obtained by mixing iodine and potassium iodide in a weight ratio of 1:7 with 100 parts by weight of water) while adjusting the concentration so that the final transmittance (Ts) of the polarizers obtained would be the desired value (staining treatment). Next, the material was immersed for 30 seconds in a crosslinking bath at a liquid temperature of 40°C (a boric acid aqueous solution obtained by mixing 3 parts by weight of potassium iodide and 5 parts by weight of boric acid with 100 parts by weight of water) (crosslinking treatment). Subsequently, the laminate was immersed in a boric acid aqueous solution (boric acid concentration 4% by weight, potassium iodide concentration 5% by weight) at a liquid temperature of 70°C, and uniaxially stretched in the longitudinal direction (longitudinal direction) between rolls with different peripheral speeds to achieve a total stretch ratio of 5.5 times (underwater stretching treatment). Subsequently, the laminate was immersed in a washing bath at a liquid temperature of 20°C (an aqueous solution obtained by mixing 4 parts by weight of potassium iodide with 100 parts by weight of water) (washing treatment). Subsequently, the material was dried in an oven maintained at approximately 90°C while being brought into contact with a SUS (stainless steel) heated roll whose surface temperature was maintained at approximately 75°C (drying shrinkage treatment). In this way, a polarizer with a thickness of approximately 5 μm was formed on the resin substrate. An HC-TAC film (first protective layer) was bonded to the surface of the obtained polarizer (the side opposite to the resin substrate) via an ultraviolet-curing adhesive. Specifically, the curing adhesive was applied to a thickness of 1.0 μm and bonded using a roll press. After that, UV light was irradiated from the protective layer side to cure the adhesive. The HC-TAC film is a film in which a hard coat (HC) layer (7 μm thick) is formed on a triacetylcellulose (TAC) film (25 μm thick), and it was bonded so that the TAC film was on the polarizer side. 97.0 parts of methyl methacrylate (MMA, manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., trade name "Methyl Methacrylate Monomer"), 3.0 parts of the copolymer monomer represented by the following formula (1e), and 0.2 parts of polymerization initiator (manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., trade name "2,2'-Azobis(Isobutyronitrile)") were dissolved in 200 parts of toluene. Then, the polymerization reaction was carried out for 5.5 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere while heating at 70°C to obtain a boron-containing acrylic resin solution (solid content concentration: 33%). The obtained boron-containing acrylic polymer had a Tg of 110°C and a Mw of 80000. 20 parts of the obtained boron-containing acrylic resin were dissolved in 80 parts of methyl ethyl ketone to obtain a resin solution (20%). The resin substrate was peeled from the polarizer, and a resin solution was applied to the peeled surface using a wire bar. The coated film was then dried at 60°C for 5 minutes to form a second protective layer (400 nm thick) consisting of a solidified organic solvent solution of the resin. This resulted in a polarizing plate having the following structure: [HC layer-coated TAC film (first protective layer) / polarizer / solidified layer of boron-containing acrylic resin (second protective layer)]. [ka] 【0120】 [Manufacturing example 2: First retardation layer] A batch polymerization apparatus consisting of two vertical reactors equipped with stirring blades and reflux condensers controlled to 100°C was used to prepare the reactor. The mixture contained 29.60 parts by weight (0.046 mol) of bis[9-(2-phenoxycarbonylethyl)fluoren-9-yl]methane, 29.21 parts by weight (0.200 mol) of isosorbide (ISB), 42.28 parts by weight (0.139 mol) of spiroglycol (SPG), 63.77 parts by weight (0.298 mol) of diphenyl carbonate (DPC), and 1.19 × 10⁻¹⁶ calcium acetate monohydrate as a catalyst. -2 Weight part (6.78×10 -5 A mol (mol) of polymer was added. After purging the reactor with reduced pressure using nitrogen, the reactor was heated with a heat transfer medium, and stirring was started when the internal temperature reached 100°C. Forty minutes after the start of heating, the internal temperature was raised to 220°C, and while controlling the pressure to maintain this temperature, the pressure was reduced to 13.3 kPa 90 minutes after reaching 220°C. The phenol vapor produced as a by-product of the polymerization reaction was directed to a reflux condenser at 100°C, and the monomer components contained in the phenol vapor were returned to the reactor. The uncondensed phenol vapor was directed to a condenser at 45°C and recovered. Nitrogen was introduced into the first reactor to restore the pressure to atmospheric pressure, and then the oligomerized reaction mixture in the first reactor was transferred to the second reactor. Next, heating and depressurization in the second reactor were started, and the internal temperature reached 240°C and the pressure 0.2 kPa in 50 minutes. Polymerization was then allowed to proceed until the predetermined stirring power was reached. Once the predetermined power was reached, nitrogen was introduced into the reactor to restore pressure. 0.7 parts by mass of PMMA were melt-kneaded with 100 parts by weight of the generated polyester carbonate resin, then extruded into water, and the strands were cut to obtain pellets. The obtained polyester carbonate resin (pellets) was vacuum-dried at 80°C for 5 hours. Then, a long resin film with a thickness of 105 μm was produced using a film-making apparatus equipped with a single-screw extruder (manufactured by Toshiba Machine Co., Ltd., cylinder setting temperature: 250°C), a T-die (width 200 mm, setting temperature: 250°C), a chill roll (setting temperature: 120~130°C), and a winding machine. The obtained long resin film was stretched 2.8 times in the width direction at 138°C while adjusting to obtain a predetermined phase difference to obtain a phase difference film with a thickness of 38 μm. The Re(550) of the obtained phase difference film was 144 nm, and the Re(450) / Re(550) was 0.86. 【0121】 [Manufacturing example 3: Second retardation layer] A liquid crystal coating solution was prepared by dissolving 20 parts by weight of a side-chain liquid crystal polymer represented by the following chemical formula (3) (the numbers 65 and 35 in the formula represent the mole percent of monomer units and are conveniently represented as a block polymer: weight-average molecular weight 5000), 80 parts by weight of a polymerizable liquid crystal exhibiting a nematic liquid crystal phase (BASF: trade name Paliocolor LC242), and 5 parts by weight of a photopolymerization initiator (Ciba Specialty Chemicals: trade name Irgacure 907) in 200 parts by weight of cyclopentanone. The coating solution was then applied to a vertically aligned PET substrate using a bar coater, and the liquid crystal was aligned by heating and drying at 80°C for 4 minutes. By irradiating this liquid crystal layer with ultraviolet light to cure the liquid crystal layer, a liquid crystal alignment solidified layer (thickness 3 μm) exhibiting the refractive index characteristic nz>nx=ny was formed on the substrate. [ka] 【0122】 [Manufacturing Example 4A: Adhesive] 5 parts by weight of 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyltrimethoxysilane (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name "KBM-303"), 35 parts by weight of 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate (manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), 24 parts by weight of neopentyl glycol diacrylate (manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name "Light Acrylate NP-A"), 10 parts by weight of isocyanuric acid EO-modified triacrylate (manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd., trade name "Aronics M-315"), 5 parts by weight of pentaerythritol triacrylate (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name "A-TMM-3LM-N"), 15 parts by weight of polyurethane-based acrylic oligomer (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, trade name "UV3000B"), and 3 parts by weight of photopolymerization initiator (manufactured by IGM Resins, trade name "Omnirad") Mixing 184), 2 parts by weight of a photopolymerization initiator (manufactured by Sunapro, trade name "CPI-100P"), and 1 part by weight of boric acid (manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and stirring for 3 hours yielded an active energy ray curable adhesive 4A. 【0123】 [Manufacturing Example 4B: Adhesive] 20 parts by weight of acryloylmorpholine (manufactured by Kojinsha, trade name: ACMO), 50 parts by weight of unsaturated fatty acid hydroxyalkyl ester-modified ε-caprolactone (manufactured by Daicel Corporation, trade name: Praxel FA1DDM), 10 parts by weight of PEG400# diacrylate (manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: Light Acrylate 9EG-A), 15 parts by weight of 34 / 66 molar ratio copolymer oligomer of butyl acrylate and methacrylate (manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd., trade name: ARUFON UP-1190), 3 parts by weight of 2-methyl-1-[4-(methylthio)phenyl]-2-morpholinopropan-1-one (photopolymerization initiator) (manufactured by IGM Resins, trade name "Omnirad 907"), and 2 parts by weight of diethylthioxanthone (photopolymerization initiator) (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., trade name: KAYACURE By mixing DETX-S) and stirring for 3 hours, an active energy ray curing adhesive 4B was obtained. 【0124】 [Manufacturing example 5A-5H: Adhesive layer] 1. Synthesis of (meth)acrylic polymers A four-necked flask equipped with a stirring blade, thermometer, nitrogen gas inlet tube, and condenser was charged with monomer components to the composition shown in Table 1. Then, a polymerization initiator was added, and nitrogen gas was introduced while gently stirring to purge the flask with nitrogen. The polymerization reaction was then carried out for 7 hours while maintaining the liquid temperature in the flask at around 55°C. Next, ethyl acetate was added to the resulting reaction solution to adjust the solid content concentration to 12% by weight to obtain solutions of (meth)acrylic polymers 5A to 5H. [Table 1] 2. Preparation of the adhesive Adhesives 5A to 5H were obtained by mixing a crosslinking agent and, if necessary, a silane coupling agent and / or an antistatic agent with a solution of (meth)acrylic polymers 5A to 5H such that the amount of (meth)acrylic polymer per 100 parts by weight of solids is as shown in Table 2. In the table, LiTFSi is lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, EMP-TFSi is ethylmethylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, TBMA-TFSi is tributylmethylammonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, and MOPy-PF6 is methyloctylpyridinium hexafluorophosphate. [Table 2] 3. Formation of the adhesive layer A 38 μm thick PET film (MRF38, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Polyester Film Co., Ltd.), which is a release liner with a silicone treatment applied to its release surface, was coated with adhesives 5A to 5H. The film was then dried in an air-circulating constant-temperature oven set to a predetermined temperature to form adhesive layers 5A to 5H of a predetermined thickness. 【0125】 [Example 1] In the polarizing plate obtained in Manufacturing Example 1, the adhesive layer 5A (5 μm thick) obtained in Manufacturing Example 5A was transferred from the release liner to the surface of the second protective layer, and the first phase difference layer obtained in Manufacturing Example 2 was bonded to the polarizing plate via the adhesive layer 5A to obtain a laminate. At this time, the slow phase axis of the first phase difference layer was positioned at a 45° angle with respect to the absorption axis of the polarizer. On one side of the second phase difference layer obtained in Manufacturing Example 3, the active energy ray curable adhesive obtained in Manufacturing Example 4A was coated using an MCD coater (manufactured by Fuji Machinery Co., Ltd.) to a curing thickness of 1 μm, and then bonded to the surface of the first phase difference layer of the laminate using a roll machine. Subsequently, an active energy ray irradiation device was used to emit an integrated light of 4500 mJ / cm² from the second phase difference layer side. 2 The adhesive was cured by irradiating it with ultraviolet light, and then dried with hot air at 70°C for 3 minutes. The adhesive layer 5E (thickness 20 μm) obtained in manufacturing example 5E was transferred from the release liner to the surface of the second phase difference layer of the laminate obtained above, thereby obtaining a polarizing plate with a phase difference layer having the following configuration: [polarizing plate / first adhesive layer (adhesive layer 5A) / first phase difference layer / adhesive layer (cured layer of adhesive 4A) / second phase difference layer / second adhesive layer (adhesive layer 5E)]. 【0126】 [Examples 2-4, Comparative Examples 1-5] In Examples 2-4 and Comparative Examples 3-5, polarizing plates with phase difference layers were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the first and second adhesive layers were changed as shown in Table 3. Furthermore, in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, polarizing plates with phase difference layers were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the first adhesive layer, adhesive layer, and second adhesive layer were changed as shown in Table 3, and after bonding the first phase difference layer to the polarizing plate, the adhesive shown in Production Example 4B was applied to the surface of the first phase difference layer before bonding the second phase difference layer. Ultrathin sections were prepared from the obtained polarizing plates with phase difference layers and observed by TEM, revealing that a compatible region with a thickness of approximately 100 nm was formed on the adhesive layer side of the first phase difference layer. The compatible region can be formed by the acrylic monomer shown in the adhesive shown in Production Example 4B, particularly acryloylmorpholine (manufactured by Kojinsha, trade name: ACMO). 【0127】 The following characteristics were evaluated for the polarizing plates with phase difference layers obtained in the examples and comparative examples. 1. Resistivity of sensor electrodes in moist heat testing A test specimen was prepared for evaluating the resistivity of touch sensor electrodes intended for touch panels. Specifically, an Al-deposited film (Toray Industries, product number "DMS-X42G"), which has an aluminum vapor-deposited layer (0.05 μm thick) on one side of a PET resin film (50 μm thick), was cut to a length of 70 mm and a width of 150 mm. The PET resin film side of this film was bonded to a glass plate via an acrylic adhesive layer to prepare an Al-deposited layer-equipped glass plate with the structure [aluminum vapor-deposited layer / resin film / glass plate]. A polarizing plate with a phase difference layer, prepared in the examples and comparative examples, was cut to a length of 70 mm and a width of 150 mm and laminated to the aluminum vapor-deposited layer side of the Al-deposited layer-equipped glass plate via a second adhesive layer, aligning the ends in the length and width directions. This obtained a test specimen for resistivity evaluation. The test specimen was left in a heated and humidified atmosphere at a temperature of 110°C and a relative humidity of 85% for 36 hours. Next, the test specimen was returned to an atmosphere of 25°C and 50% relative humidity, and the surface resistivity (Ω / □) of the aluminum vapor-deposited layer was measured using a Napson EC-80 (non-contact resistance meter). The value obtained by dividing the surface resistivity after the moist heat test by the surface resistivity before the test is shown in Table 3 as the "change in sensor electrode resistivity". 【0128】 2. Cracks in moist heat tests The polarizing plates with phase difference layers obtained in the examples and comparative examples were cut to a size of 7 cm wide x 15 cm long. The cut polarizing plates with phase difference layers were bonded to a glass plate via a second adhesive layer, and a glass plate was also bonded to the polarizing plate side via an acrylic adhesive to prepare a test sample having the configuration of [glass plate / polarizing plate with phase difference layer / glass plate]. The test samples were subjected to a moist heat test, in which they were left standing for 36 hours in an atmosphere of 110°C and 85% relative humidity. The test samples were observed under a microscope after the moist heat test and evaluated according to the following criteria. The results are shown in Table 3. ○: No cracks have occurred that penetrate the first phase difference layer in the thickness direction. ×: A crack has occurred that penetrates the first phase difference layer in the thickness direction. 【0129】 [Table 3] 【0130】 As shown in Table 3, the polarizing plate with a phase difference layer in the example was able to suppress adverse effects on the image display panel under high temperature and high humidity conditions while maintaining a practically sufficient antistatic function. On the other hand, the polarizing plates with phase difference layers in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 showed a large change in the resistivity of the sensor electrode after the moist heat test. This is because the tensile modulus of the adhesive layer adjacent to the first phase difference layer at 23°C was 2.6 × 10⁻⁶. 6 As is clear from the value of Pa, the tensile modulus at 110°C is less than 1 MPa, and as a result, it is presumed that cracks in the first phase difference layer could not be sufficiently suppressed, leading to the leakage of iodine or antistatic agent. In addition, in the polarizing plates with phase difference layers of Comparative Examples 3 to 5, the change in sensor electrode resistivity after the moist heat test was greater than 2, which is presumed to be due to corrosion of the electrode layer (Al layer) caused by the antistatic agent contained in the adhesive layer. [Industrial applicability] 【0131】 The laminate according to the embodiment of the present invention can be used, for example, in the manufacture of a polarizing plate with a phase difference layer used in an image display device. Typical examples of image display devices include liquid crystal displays, organic EL displays, and inorganic EL displays. [Explanation of symbols] 【0132】 10 Polarizing plates 12 polarizers 14 Protective layer 20 1st adhesive layer 30 1st retardation layer 40 Adhesive layer 50 Second retardation layer 60 Second adhesive layer 70 Hard court layer 100 Polarizing plate with retardation layer 200 Image Display Panel 300 Image Display Devices

Claims

[Claim 1] It has a first main surface and a second main surface that are opposite to each other, A polarizing plate with a phase difference layer, comprising, in this order from the first main surface toward the second main surface, a polarizing plate containing a polarizer, a first adhesive layer, a first phase difference layer, an adhesive layer, a second phase difference layer, and a second adhesive layer, At least one adhesive layer selected from the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer contains an antistatic agent. The tensile modulus of elasticity at 110°C is 1 MPa or more for the adjacent layer that is in direct contact with the second main surface side of the first phase difference layer. The adjacent layer is either the adhesive layer or a hard coat layer directly formed on the second main surface side of the first phase difference layer. The first phase difference layer is a stretched film of a resin film, The thickness of the first phase difference layer is 20 μm to 70 μm. The amount of the antistatic agent added to the adhesive layer containing the antistatic agent is 5 phr or less. The polarizing plate with the phase difference layer is bonded to the surface of the aluminum layer of a laminate comprising a polyethylene terephthalate resin film with a thickness of 50 μm and an aluminum layer with a thickness of 0.05 μm provided on one side of the laminate, via the second adhesive layer. After holding the laminate at 110°C and 85% RH for 36 hours, the change in resistivity of the aluminum layer is 2 or less. Polarizing plate with retardation layer. [Claim 2] The Re(550) of the first phase difference layer is 100 nm to 190 nm, and the Re(450) / Re(550) is 0.8 or more and less than 1. The polarizing plate with a phase difference layer according to claim 1, wherein the angle between the slow axis of the first phase difference layer and the absorption axis of the polarizer is 40° to 50°. [Claim 3] The polarizing plate with a phase difference layer according to claim 2, wherein the second phase difference layer exhibits refractive index characteristics of nz > nx = ny. [Claim 4] The surface resistivity of the first adhesive layer and / or the second adhesive layer is 9 × 10 １１ A polarizing plate with a phase difference layer according to claim 1, wherein the Ω / □ is less than or equal to Ω. [Claim 5] The polarizing plate with a phase difference layer according to claim 1, wherein the antistatic agent comprises an ionic compound containing bistrifluoromethanesulfonylimide as an anion. [Claim 6] The polarizing plate with a phase difference layer according to claim 1, wherein the adjacent layer is the adhesive layer. [Claim 7] The polarizing plate with a phase difference layer according to claim 1, wherein the adjacent layer is the hard coat layer. [Claim 8] An image display device comprising an image display panel and a polarizing plate with a phase difference layer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, disposed on the viewing side of the image display panel. [Claim 9] The image display panel includes electrodes, The image display device according to claim 8, wherein the change in resistivity of the electrode after being held for 36 hours under conditions of 110°C and 85% RH is 2 or less.

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