Heat-shielding exterior materials and heat-shielding exterior structures

Abstract

This invention provides a heat-shielding exterior material that can improve the indoor environment of a building and save energy by utilizing the low radiance properties of materials with high reflectivity to radiant heat, such as aluminum foil. [Solution] The heat-shielding exterior material 1 is used on the exterior of a building and is movable. It comprises an outer exterior material 2 on which a material 4 with high reflectivity to radiant heat, such as aluminum foil, is attached to the back surface of a steel plate 2A having an uneven surface, and an inner exterior material 3 positioned inside the outer exterior material 2. The outer exterior material 2 and the inner exterior material 3 are integrated with an adhesive 5, so that a space 7 is formed between the outer exterior material 2 and the inner exterior material 3, and the material 4 with high reflectivity to radiant heat, such as aluminum foil, is exposed in the space 7.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a heat-insulating exterior material used for the exterior of a building and a heat-insulating exterior structure constructed by this heat-insulating exterior material.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, when laying a roofing material for a building such as a house, a heat-insulating material has been used between the roofing material and the roof base material in order to improve heat insulation (Patent Document 1). In recent years, for the purpose of energy conservation, a construction method has been carried out in which a corrugated metal roofing material with unevenness is made into a double structure and a heat-insulating material is constructed between the metal roofing materials. Also, there is a construction method in which a corrugated metal roofing material is constructed outside an exterior material such as a tile slate that deteriorates severely, for the purpose of improving the durability of the roof and preventing the scattering of asbestos.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] For the purpose of energy conservation, a construction method has been carried out in which a corrugated metal roofing material with unevenness is made into a double structure and a heat-insulating material is constructed between the metal roofing materials. The currently widely used construction method is mainly a folded plate roof, and mainly includes a heat-insulating material such as an inorganic heat-insulating material like glass wool or a heat-insulating material such as a foamed plastic having innumerable bubbles between the folded plate roofs of the same shape. In order to maintain the strength of the roof, the heat-insulating material and the like hardly contribute, so the upper and lower roofing materials must each bear the load. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the roofing material, and the combined weight of both is large, and there is a big problem with the seismic resistance of the building. Furthermore, the heat-insulating material is a heat storage material and is effective against the cold in winter, but is not suitable for countermeasures against the heat in summer.

[0005] Another construction method involves installing a textured metal roofing material on the outside of severely deteriorated exterior materials such as corrugated slate, improving roof durability and preventing asbestos dispersion. This method prevents asbestos dispersion and leaks by installing a textured metal sheet roofing material on the exterior side of roofs where replacement is difficult due to the presence of asbestos in the corrugated slate. There are economic advantages, such as the ability to install a new roof without demolishing the existing roofing material and the elimination of waste disposal. However, many buildings with slate roofs are old and do not meet current seismic standards, and adding new roofing material further increases the weight, often leading to seismic safety issues. In addition, although the double-layer structure provides some shade, the inside of the double-layer structure is used in a state of still air, resulting in high heat retention and making it ineffective as a countermeasure against summer heat.

[0006] This invention was made to solve these problems, and aims to provide a heat-shielding exterior material and a heat-shielding exterior structure using this heat-shielding exterior material that can improve the indoor environment of a building and save energy by utilizing the low radiance performance of a material with high reflectivity to radiant heat, such as aluminum foil. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The heat-shielding exterior material according to the present invention is a movable heat-shielding exterior material used on the exterior of a building, comprising an outer exterior material having a material with high reflectivity to radiant heat, such as aluminum foil, attached to the back surface of a steel plate having an uneven surface, and an inner exterior material disposed inside the outer exterior material, wherein the outer exterior material and the inner exterior material are integrated by a fixing member, thereby creating a space between the outer exterior material and the inner exterior material, and the material with high reflectivity to radiant heat, such as aluminum foil, is exposed in the space.

[0008] The heat-shielding exterior material according to the present invention is characterized by having an outer exterior material made of metal, and an inner exterior material made of metal, non-metal, or resin, possessing at least one of fire resistance, earthquake resistance, or corrosion resistance, and enabling energy saving in buildings. When this heat-shielding exterior material is used in a building, energy savings of 50% or more are possible.

[0009] The heat-shielding exterior structure according to the present invention is a heat-shielding exterior structure constructed by attaching the above-mentioned heat-shielding exterior material as the exterior of a building, characterized in that it can dissipate heat from the building by ventilating the space and can retain heat from the building by sealing the space. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] The heat-shielding exterior material according to the present invention can be installed on the roofs and walls of buildings, and by utilizing the low radiance properties of materials with high reflectivity to radiant heat, such as aluminum foil, it can improve the indoor environment of buildings and save energy. By using the heat-shielding exterior material according to the present invention, the weight can be significantly reduced compared to conventional double-layered exterior structures. Furthermore, the heat-shielding steel plate exterior material of the present invention is structured by fixing the outer exterior material to the inner exterior material with fixing members, and can be moved. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0011] [Figure 1] This is a cross-sectional view of a heat-shielding exterior material according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which an outer exterior material having an uneven surface with a material having high reflectivity to radiant heat, such as aluminum foil, attached to the inside, is directly attached to an inner exterior material with an adhesive (fixing member). [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0012] The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below.

[0013] With rising temperatures in recent years, there is a growing demand for improved indoor environments and energy conservation. As a countermeasure, exterior cladding with a double-layered roof structure is being installed, consisting of two layers of corrugated metal sheets with insulation in between. Since the insulation itself has no rigidity, in this structure, the upper and lower layers of corrugated metal sheets each support their own weight. Consequently, the weight of the roofing material is roughly doubled, significantly impacting the seismic resistance of the building. While it is possible to install this structure in new buildings by increasing the strength of the frame, installing it on existing roofs often requires extensive seismic reinforcement, making it difficult to popularize the double-layered roof structure with insulation between corrugated metal sheets. Furthermore, although insulation is used between the cladding of the double-layered roof structure, the insulation is a heat storage material and has little effect on combating summer heat, making it difficult to change the indoor environment. The same applies to roof covering methods, where the strength of the roofing material must be borne by the contractor, resulting in thicker roofing material and thus poor seismic resistance.

[0014] While double-layered roofs can contribute to preventing slate scattering, preventing leaks, and improving the appearance, they still suffer from weight issues and fail to address energy conservation in summer or improve indoor environment. In the future, it is highly likely that solar panels will need to be installed on roofs, making the reduction of roofing material weight a crucial issue.

[0015] As shown in Figure 1, the heat-shielding exterior material 1 of the present invention comprises an outer exterior material 2, on which a material 4 with high reflectivity to radiant heat, such as aluminum foil, is attached to the back surface of a steel plate 2A having an uneven surface, and a flat inner exterior material 3 positioned inside the outer exterior material 2. In this heat-shielding exterior material 1, the outer exterior material 2 and the inner exterior material 3 are integrated by a fixing member 5, thereby forming a space 7 between the outer exterior material 2 and the inner exterior material 3. The material 4 with high reflectivity to radiant heat, such as aluminum foil, is attached to the outer exterior material 2 via an adhesive layer 6 and is exposed in the space 7. The fixing member 5 can be an adhesive or a screw. This heat-shielding exterior material 1 is movable because the outer exterior material 2 and the inner exterior material 3 are integrated by a fixing member 5, and it is used for the exterior of buildings such as roofs and walls. In addition, the heat-shielding exterior material 1 does not have insulation material (heat storage material) in the above-mentioned space 7. However, in cold regions, it is preferable to use the above-mentioned insulation material as it helps prevent condensation.

[0016] The first key point of this invention is that by making the double-layered structure of the outer exterior material 2 and the inner exterior material 3 rigid, the strength can be increased, thereby reducing the thickness of the outer exterior material 2 and the inner exterior material 3, and consequently reducing the overall weight. Furthermore, by using a flat inner exterior material 3, a lightweight and inexpensive heat-shielding exterior material 1 can be constructed, and by adhering a material 4 with high reflectivity to radiant heat, such as aluminum foil, to the interior side of the outer exterior material 2 with an adhesive layer 6, the strength of the exterior material is increased. The material 4 with high reflectivity to radiant heat, such as aluminum foil, is provided along the shape of the inside of the outer exterior material 2.

[0017] The heat-shielding exterior material 1 of the present invention is constructed by bonding an outer exterior material 2, composed of a galvalume steel sheet (registered trademark) 2A, an adhesive layer 6, and a material 4 with high reflectivity to radiant heat such as aluminum foil, to an inner exterior material 3 using fixing members 5 (adhesive, screws, etc.) to form a single unit. The outer exterior material 2 has an uneven shape, and a space 7 is formed between the outer exterior material 2 and the inner exterior material 3, and this space 7 functions as a ventilation layer 7 through which air flows. The heat-shielding exterior material 1 can be constructed simply by bonding the outer exterior material 2 and the inner exterior material 3 to a fixing member 5 such as adhesive or screws, thus forming a simple and lightweight double-layer structure. The space of the ventilation layer 7 described above functions as a still air layer when the intake and exhaust ports of the ventilation layer 7 are closed.

[0018] The outer exterior material 2 of the heat-shielding exterior material 1 according to the present invention is made of metal, and the thickness of the outer exterior material 2 is 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm. However, when considering weight reduction, the thickness of the outer exterior material 2 is preferably 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm. In addition, for the outer exterior material 2, for example, galvalume steel sheet (registered trademark), zincalume steel sheet, corrugated iron sheet, copper sheet, stainless steel sheet, titanium sheet, etc. can be used. On the one hand, the inner exterior material 3 is made of either metal, non-metal or resin, and the thickness of the inner exterior material 3 is from 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm. The heat-insulating exterior material 1 has at least one of fire resistance, earthquake resistance, and corrosion resistance according to the purpose. For example, when the inner exterior material 3 is made of metal, fire resistance can be obtained and it can be used for the exterior of various locations. Also, when the inner exterior material 3 is made of various thin materials such as a steel plate of 0.03 mm or a resin plate of 0.5 mm, it can be lightweight and has excellent earthquake-resistant performance. Furthermore, when the inner exterior material 3 is made of a resin plate, it can be used as a long-term durable material in places such as livestock barns where acid and alkali resistance (corrosion resistance) are required.

[0019] The second point of the present invention is to utilize the low-radiation performance of the material 4 with a high reflectivity to radiant heat such as aluminum foil to dramatically change the indoor environment of a building and further achieve significant energy savings. In the heat-insulating exterior material 1 of the present invention, the outer exterior material 2 has an uneven shape, and the space formed by the uneven shape can be used as the ventilation layer 7.

[0020] Also, a material 4 with a high reflectivity to radiant heat such as aluminum foil is installed on the indoor side of the outer exterior material 2, and further, the ventilation layer 7 is formed on the indoor side thereof. Most of the radiant heat from the outside is blocked by the material 4 with a high reflectivity to radiant heat such as aluminum foil, and very little is radiated to the indoor side. However, if this little heat is left as it is, the radiation amount will rapidly increase, the temperature in the ventilation layer 7 will rise, and the heat-insulating effect will be significantly reduced. In the heat-insulating exterior material 1 of the present invention, the heat radiated to the indoor side is constantly discharged to the outside by the air flowing through the ventilation layer 7, there is almost no temperature rise in the ventilation layer 7, and it is possible to dramatically change the indoor environment of the building.

[0021] The heat-insulating exterior material 1 can form a heat-insulating exterior structure constructed by being attached as the exterior of a building. In this heat-insulating exterior structure, the exhaust heat of the building can be discharged by ventilating the ventilation layer (space) 7, and the building can be insulated by sealing the ventilation layer 7.

[0022] The heat-insulating exterior material 1 and the heat-insulating exterior structure of the present invention will be described in detail. In the heat-insulating exterior material 1 of the present invention, assuming the installation of a solar power generation panel, the durability is set to 30 years, and the material of the outer exterior material 2 is a galvanized steel sheet (registered trademark). Of course, there is no problem in changing the material according to the purpose.

[0023] As an example of the present invention, when a thin galvanized steel sheet is directly pasted flat on a concavo-convex material, the weight per 1 m 2 can be significantly reduced to within 3 kg. Generally used is a 0.27 mm thick galvanized steel sheet (registered trademark), and it is also possible to make it about 2.1 kg per 1 m 2 At this weight, it can be constructed on any roof, and the seismic problem can be surely solved.

[0024] In the present invention, a material 4 with a high reflectivity to radiant heat, such as an aluminum foil, is adhered to the inside of the outer exterior material 2 and used. The first purpose is to block the radiant heat from the outside. The radiant heat from the roof accounts for 93% of the total transferred heat and is a major factor in raising the room temperature. This is blocked by a material 4 with a high reflectivity to radiant heat, such as an aluminum foil, and the reflectivity has a very high performance of 95% to 98%. In a material 4 with a high reflectivity to radiant heat, such as an aluminum foil, reflection + radiation = 1 is defined. It can be seen that if the reflectivity is high, the radiation to the room is less. That is, if the reflectivity is 95%, only 5% is radiated to the indoor side.

[0025] However, this is conditional on the very good environment on the radiation side. Actually, since it is used sandwiched between the outer exterior material 2 and the inner exterior material 3, there is no escape for the radiant heat, and the temperature of the space on the radiation side rises significantly. This is because, as can be inferred from the Stefan-Boltzmann law that the radiation amount is proportional to the fourth power of the absolute temperature, the temperature rises due to the rapid increase in the radiation amount to this space, resulting in a decrease in the reflectivity.

[0026] In the heat-shielding exterior material 1 of the present invention, in order to solve this problem, a ventilation layer 7 is provided on the indoor side, or so-called radiating side, of a material 4 with high reflectivity to radiant heat, such as aluminum foil, and heat is constantly prevented from accumulating in this ventilation layer 7, so that the emissivity is always in a stable state.

[0027] The second objective is to improve the strength of the heat-shielding exterior structure. The strength of the exterior cladding material 2 is significantly improved by bonding it to a material 4 with high reflectivity to radiant heat, such as aluminum foil. For example, bonding a 0.27mm thick exterior cladding material 2 to a material 4 with high reflectivity to radiant heat, such as aluminum foil, results in a strength roughly equivalent to that of a 0.35mm thick steel plate. The bonding method between the exterior cladding material 2 and the material 4 with high reflectivity to radiant heat, such as aluminum foil, is generally done with adhesive, but double-sided tape can also be used.

[0028] The material 4, which has a high reflectivity to radiant heat, such as aluminum foil, is generally made of high-purity aluminum foil with a purity of 99.5% or higher. Since the material 4, which has a high reflectivity to radiant heat, such as aluminum foil, constitutes part of the ventilation layer 7, the surface of the high-reflectivity material 4 needs to be highly resistant to acids and alkalis, and in this invention, a material with a highly permeable resin coating on the surface is used. Furthermore, a thicker material is preferable due to the possibility of abrasion, but generally, a thickness of about 50 μm is used.

[0029] A major feature of the heat-shielding exterior material 1 according to the present invention is that it can be easily manufactured even by amateurs unfamiliar with the process, as it only requires bonding the outer exterior material 2 and the inner exterior material 3 together. Of course, it is also possible to tightly bond the outer exterior material 2 and the inner exterior material 3 using screws with rubber gaskets.

[0030] In recent years, there has been an increase in products marketed as thermal insulation materials that have a surface coated with a material 4 that has high reflectivity to radiant heat, such as aluminum foil. Since the present invention addresses the issue of radiant heat radiation from material 4 that has high reflectivity to radiant heat, such as aluminum foil, we believe that such thermal insulation materials are equivalent and included in this invention.

[0031] The main objective of this invention is to create a double-layered exterior material that can improve the indoor environment and save energy by utilizing the low radiance properties of material 4, such as aluminum foil, which has a high reflectivity against radiant heat. Furthermore, it is also to create a lightweight heat-shielding exterior material that can be installed on roofs and walls without any problems in terms of seismic resistance.

[0032] The first point is to reduce the weight and improve the strength of the double-layered exterior cladding. Double-layered exterior cladding has been used in various ways. For example, a double-layered corrugated metal roof with insulation in between. The insulation has almost no rigidity, and the outer and inner cladding materials are constructed with a space between them using tight frames, etc., so each must be given its own rigidity. For corrugated metal roofs used on large roofs, the thickness is 0.6 mm to 0.8 mm, 1 m 2 Each tile typically weighs around 8 to 10 kg. This weight raises concerns about the building's earthquake resistance, requiring structural reinforcement, which incurs significant costs and makes widespread adoption of this method difficult. For slate roofs, metal cover roofing is commonly used due to asbestos dispersion and deterioration issues. However, even with this method, because the slate itself deteriorates and becomes fragile, the metal cover roof is installed with gaps. Furthermore, this roofing material requires a thickness of about 0.5 mm, and its uneven surface adds to its weight, reaching 1 m². 2 The load per square meter is between 7 kg and 8 kg, necessitating improvements to the seismic resistance of buildings.

[0033] When installing the heat-shielding exterior material 1 of the present invention on a roof, for example, by using a 0.27 mm thin steel plate for the outer exterior material 2 and directly attaching it to the inner exterior material 3, and then tightly bonding and integrating them, it is possible to create great rigidity in the heat-shielding exterior material 1. Moreover, a material 4 with high reflectivity against radiant heat, such as aluminum foil, is bonded and attached to the inside of the outer exterior material 2, resulting in a structure that further enhances rigidity.

[0034] Thus, while previously 0.5mm to 0.8mm thick steel plates with uneven surfaces were used, this invention uses an adhesive structure for both the outer exterior material 2 and the inner exterior material 3, allowing for the use of, for example, a flat 0.27mm thin steel plate, and reducing weight by 60% compared to previous methods. Of course, the steel plate can be thicker or thinner depending on the purpose.

[0035] The second point is improving the indoor environment of buildings and saving energy. In summer, if a material 4 with high reflectivity to radiant heat, such as aluminum foil, is attached to the indoor side of the steel plate, i.e., the side opposite the heat source, the low radiance performance of the high-reflectivity material 4 can be utilized against the radiant heat of the aluminum foil on the indoor side, and the amount of radiant heat radiated into the room will be greatly reduced. Since reflectivity + emissivity = 100%, if a high-reflectivity material 4 is used against radiant heat of aluminum foil with a reflectivity of 95%, the amount of radiant heat radiated into the room will be 5%, and the effect is immediately apparent. For radiation to occur, it is important that the radiating surface is in contact with the atmosphere; if it is in contact with other materials, conductive heat will be transferred and radiation will be zero. In other words, it is an absolute requirement that there be space on the radiating side. However, in order to attach heat-shielding steel plates to existing roofing materials, partial contact is necessary, and it is important to minimize this contact area.

[0036] From this perspective, the heat-shielding exterior material 1 of the present invention has a structure in which a material 4 with high reflectivity to radiant heat, such as aluminum foil, is attached to the inner exterior material 3 so that it is on the inside (indoor side) of the outer exterior material 2. This also reduces the contact area between the outer exterior material 2 and the inner exterior material 3, and significantly reduces heat transfer from the outside to the inside.

[0037] In winter, heat from the interior is transferred to the exterior, but if there is a ventilation layer 7, the heat from the interior will be released to the outside, so it is preferable to close the ventilation layer 7. When the ventilation layer 7 is closed, this space becomes a layer of still air, and the air insulation effect is promoted. For example, the interior side of the exterior cladding material 2 is covered with a material 4 that has a high reflectivity to radiant heat, such as aluminum foil that reflects 95% of radiant heat, so most of it is reflected to the interior, creating a warm environment inside. In other words, the material 4 that has a high reflectivity to radiant heat, such as aluminum foil, exhibits low radiation performance in the summer and high reflectivity performance in the winter, so it is possible to improve the indoor environment and achieve significant energy savings throughout the year. Furthermore, because the weight of the heat-shielding exterior cladding material 1 has been significantly reduced, it can be used in all kinds of buildings, from large buildings to ordinary houses, and is thought to make a big contribution to combating global warming.

[0038] [Test 1] A simulation was conducted to determine the energy-saving effect when an exterior exterior material 2, which is a galvalume steel sheet (registered trademark) with a material 4 that has high reflectivity against radiant heat, such as aluminum foil, attached to the interior side, is in close contact with an interior exterior material 3.

[0039] [Result 1] The test results are shown in Table 1. The notation in Table 1 is as follows: Existing: Existing factory in Utsunomiya City (does not have a double-layered roof) Double layer: A double-layered corrugated metal roof with insulation material placed (packed) between the outer and inner exterior cladding. Heat-insulating and sealing: A double-layered corrugated metal roof with a thin heat-insulating material placed between the outer and inner exterior cladding. Switching: In the double-layered heat-shielding structure of this invention, the ventilation layer closes (still air layer) when the temperature reaches 18°C, ventilation occurs at higher temperatures, and the ventilation layer fully opens at 28°C.

[0040] [Table 1]

[0041] [Consideration] (i) In a double-layered exterior structure with insulation material placed between the outer and inner exterior materials, it is found that there is almost no effect in the summer compared to existing factories. However, since the insulation material is a heat storage material, it is also found that it is very effective in the winter. (b) Even with a double-layered exterior structure incorporating heat-shielding material, it is clear that the effect in summer is small compared to existing factories. In this case as well, similar to the exterior structure incorporating insulation material, the effect in winter is large. (h) The heat-shielding steel plate structure of the present invention is very effective in summer, with a reduction of 50% or more. Furthermore, in winter, stopping the ventilation of the space formed between the outer and inner exterior materials is also highly effective, making it possible to reduce heat by more than 50% throughout the year.

[0042] Next, the effects and benefits of the heat-shielding exterior material 1 according to the present invention will be explained.

[0043] The heat-shielding exterior material 1 of the present invention reduces the weight by more than 60% compared to conventional double-layered exterior structures, and is only 1 m 2 It weighs less than 3 kg per unit and can be applied to any surface.

[0044] The heat-shielding exterior material 1 of the present invention uses a thin galvalume steel sheet (registered trademark) and is attached to the exterior material 2 or interior exterior material 3 by adhesive or other means. Therefore, while exterior construction has generally required skilled craftsmen until now, in the future, even complete amateurs can perform the work, significantly reducing labor costs.

[0045] The steel plates used are mainly flat plates, and the use of thin steel plates significantly reduces material costs. Furthermore, because thin steel plates are used, transportation costs are drastically reduced, which helps address the shortage of drivers.

[0046] By using the heat-shielding exterior material 1 of the present invention on the exterior of a building, the indoor environment of the building is dramatically improved, significantly reducing heatstroke cases, and also reducing factory production costs through improved work performance.

[0047] Although this embodiment has been described above, it is possible to select or omit the configurations listed in the above embodiment, or to change them to other configurations as appropriate, as long as they do not deviate from the spirit of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0048] 1. Heat-reflective exterior material 2 Outer cladding material 2A Galvalume Steel Sheet (Registered Trademark) 3. Interior exterior material 4. Materials with high reflectivity against radiant heat, such as aluminum foil (high reflectivity materials) 5 Fixing members 6 Adhesive layer 7. Ventilation layer (space) X vertical direction

Claims

1. A heat-shielding exterior material used on the exterior of a building, which is movable, A material with high reflectivity against radiant heat, such as aluminum foil, is attached to the back of a steel plate with an uneven surface. The exterior cladding material has a thickness of 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm, The thickness is 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm, and the exterior material comprises an interior exterior material integrated with the exterior material on the inside of the exterior exterior material. The outer exterior material and the inner exterior material are integrated by a fixing member, so the outer exterior A space is formed between the material and the inner exterior material, and the aluminum foil or the like is placed in the space to protect against radiant heat. This exposes the highly reflective material. It is less than 3 kg per 1 m². A heat-shielding exterior material characterized by the following features.

2. The aforementioned exterior cladding is made of metal. The aforementioned interior exterior material is made of metal, non-metal, or resin, and is at least fire-resistant and earthquake-resistant. Having either water resistance or corrosion resistance, Enabling energy saving in the aforementioned building, The heat-shielding exterior material according to feature 1.

3. A heat-shielding exterior structure is constructed by attaching the heat-shielding exterior material described in claim 1 or claim 2 as the exterior of the building. By ventilating the aforementioned space, the heat from the building can be dissipated, and by sealing the aforementioned space, the building It can keep it warm. A method for constructing a heat-shielding exterior structure characterized by the following features.

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