Method for manufacturing antibacterial and antiviral materials

Abstract

To further enhance antibacterial and antiviral performance by avoiding performance deterioration of an antibacterial and antiviral material due to insufficient binding between an active ingredient and a base material.SOLUTION: An antibacterial and antiviral material having antibacterial and antiviral activity that is at least one of antibacterial activity and antiviral activity includes: porous silica having mesopores; and a surfactant having the antibacterial and antiviral activity. The surfactant is bonded to the porous silica in a micelle state in the mesopores of the porous silica.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This disclosure relates to antibacterial and antiviral materials. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, various substances possessing antibacterial and antiviral properties have been known, and various antibacterial and antiviral materials have been proposed, such as those in which active ingredients with antibacterial or antiviral activity are supported on a carrier. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which a metal complex salt, which is an antibacterial material, is supported on a porous particle carrier such as silica gel. Patent Document 2 discloses a powdered antibacterial and antifungal agent obtained by mixing a quaternary ammonium superstrong acid with an inorganic fine powder such as silicon dioxide (silica). Patent Document 3 discloses a configuration in which mesoporous silica composed of silicon dioxide (silica) is used as an antiviral agent. Furthermore, Non-Patent Document 1 describes an antiviral coating obtained by fabricating an alumina (Al2O3) nanoporous film and impregnating it with the disinfectant chlorhexidine (CHX). [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 5-155725 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2009-126807 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2019-151592 [Non-patent literature]

[0004] [Non-Patent Document 1] National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), “Development of a coating technology that can inactivate viruses in a short time” [online], March 22, 2021, [Retrieved March 1, 2022], Internet<URL:https: / / www.aist.go.jp / aist_j / press_release / pr2021 / pr20210322 / pr20210322.html> [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0005] However, in configurations such as those described in Patent Document 1 above, where an active ingredient having antibacterial properties is supported on a carrier; those described in Patent Document 2, where an active ingredient having antibacterial properties is mixed with fine particles; or those described in Non-Patent Document 1, where an active ingredient is impregnated into a nanoporous film, the bonding between the substrate, such as the carrier, fine particles, or nanoporous film, and the active ingredient having antibacterial properties was sometimes insufficient. Insufficient bonding between the active ingredient and the substrate could lead to problems such as the slow release of the active ingredient, which could easily degrade the performance of the antibacterial / antiviral material. Furthermore, there was a desire for further performance improvement in antibacterial / antiviral materials. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] This disclosure can be implemented in the following forms: (1) According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, an antibacterial and antiviral material is provided that exhibits antibacterial and antiviral activity, which is at least one of antibacterial and antiviral properties. The antibacterial and antiviral material comprises porous silica having mesopores and a surfactant exhibiting the antibacterial and antiviral activity, wherein the surfactant is bonded to the porous silica in a micelle state within the mesopores of the porous silica. According to this form of antibacterial and antiviral material, the surfactant exhibiting antibacterial and antiviral properties is multi Within the mesopores of the porous silica, the surfactant is bonded to the mesoporous silica in a micelle state. Therefore, the bonding strength between the antibacterial and antiviral surfactant and the porous silica substrate is increased, stabilizing the bond and suppressing performance degradation caused by surfactant dissociation in antibacterial and antiviral materials. Furthermore, by increasing the amount of surfactant bonded to the porous silica, it becomes possible to bond more surfactant to the porous silica, thereby improving the performance of the antibacterial and antiviral material. (2) In the above-described antibacterial and antiviral material, the surfactant may be a cationic surfactant. With this configuration, an antibacterial and antiviral material can be made that utilizes the antibacterial and antiviral activity of the cationic surfactant. (3) In the above-described form of antibacterial and antiviral material, the surfactant may be a quaternary ammonium salt. With this configuration, an antibacterial and antiviral material can be made that utilizes the antibacterial and antiviral activity of the quaternary ammonium salt. (4) In the above-described antibacterial and antiviral material, the surfactant may be an alkyltrimethylammonium salt having 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group. With such a configuration, an antibacterial and antiviral material can be made that utilizes the antibacterial and antiviral activity of alkyltrimethylammonium salt having 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group. (5) In the above-described antibacterial and antiviral material, the amount of surfactant may be 0.5 mmol or more per gram of porous silica. With such a configuration, the antibacterial and antiviral activity of the antibacterial and antiviral material can be enhanced. (6) In the above-described antibacterial and antiviral material, the amount of surfactant may be 1.0 mmol or more per gram of porous silica. With such a configuration, the antibacterial and antiviral activity of the antibacterial and antiviral material can be further enhanced. (7) According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, an antimicrobial and antiviral material is provided that exhibits antimicrobial and antiviral activity, which is at least one of antimicrobial and antiviral properties. This antimicrobial and antiviral material comprises porous silica having mesopores and a surfactant supported in the mesopores of the porous silica, which is an alkyltrimethylammonium salt having an alkyl group with 10 to 18 carbon atoms, wherein the content of the surfactant is 0.5 mmol or more per gram of the porous silica. In this form of antibacterial and antiviral material, surfactants, which are alkyltrimethylammonium salts with 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, are bonded in a micelle state within the mesopores of porous silica. Therefore, the bond between the antibacterial and antiviral surfactant and the porous silica substrate is stabilized and the bonding strength is enhanced, suppressing performance degradation caused by dissociation of the surfactant in the antibacterial and antiviral material. Furthermore, by increasing the amount of surfactant bonded to the porous silica, it becomes possible to bond more surfactant to the porous silica, thereby improving the performance of the antibacterial and antiviral material. (8) In the above-described antibacterial and antiviral material, the amount of surfactant may be 1.0 mmol or more per gram of porous silica. With such a configuration, the antibacterial and antiviral activity of the antibacterial and antiviral material can be further enhanced. (9) In the above-described antibacterial and antiviral material, the porous silica may be mesoporous silica. With this configuration, it becomes possible to bind more surfactants to the porous silica, thereby improving the performance of the antibacterial and antiviral material. This disclosure can be implemented in various forms other than those described above, for example, in the form of a method for manufacturing antibacterial and antiviral materials, or a method for inactivating bacteria and viruses. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0007] [Figure 1] A schematic diagram illustrating the composition of antibacterial and antiviral materials. [Figure 2]Explanatory diagram showing the amount of residual virus for each contact time of each sample. [Figure 3] Explanatory diagram showing the amount of virus inactivated for each contact time of each sample. [Figure 4] Explanatory diagram showing the amount of residual virus for each contact time of each sample. [Figure 5] Explanatory diagram showing the amount of virus inactivated for each contact time of each sample. [Figure 6] Explanatory diagram showing the amount of residual virus for each number of washing times. [Figure 7] Diagram showing photographs of plaques for each number of washing times. [Figure 8] Explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the equilibrium concentration of the surfactant and the relative adsorption amount. [Figure 9] Diagram collectively showing the name, alkyl chain length, and CMC of the surfactant. [Figure 10] Explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the alkyl chain length of the surfactant and the relative adsorption amount. [Figure 11] Explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the immersion time and the amount of surfactant supported. [Figure 12] Explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the immersion time and the amount of surfactant supported. [Figure 13] Explanatory diagram collectively showing the measurement results, etc. of each complex.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0008] A. Composition of antibacterial and antiviral material: FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing the schematic configuration of the antibacterial and antiviral material 10 of the present embodiment. The antibacterial and antiviral material 10 of the present embodiment includes a mesoporous silica 20 that is a mesoporous body, and a surfactant part 30 disposed in the mesopores of the mesoporous silica 20. The surfactant part 30 is composed of a surfactant in a micelle state. That is, the antibacterial and antiviral material 10 of the present embodiment uses the mesoporous silica 20 as a base material, and holds a surfactant showing antibacterial and antiviral activity, which is at least one of antibacterial and antiviral properties, in a micelle state in the mesopores of the mesoporous silica 2_.

[0009] Mesoporous silica 20 is composed of silicon dioxide (SiO2: silica) and is a mesoporous material with uniform and regular pores (mesopores). The pore diameter of the mesopores in mesoporous silica 20 is 0.5 nm to 50 nm. Here, "pore diameter" refers to the pore diameter that shows the maximum peak in the pore diameter distribution curve, and is also called the "central pore diameter." The pore diameter distribution curve can be determined by performing nitrogen adsorption measurements using liquid nitrogen to obtain a nitrogen adsorption isotherm curve, and then calculating it from the obtained nitrogen adsorption isotherm curve using, for example, the Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) method formula. As described later, when forming mesoporous silica 20 using a surfactant that will become the surfactant portion 30 as a template, the pore diameter of mesoporous silica 20 can be adjusted by changing the type of surfactant used (e.g., molecular length). From the viewpoint of pore distribution and pore uniformity, it is desirable that mesoporous silica 20 has a so-called hexagonal structure in which the pores are regularly arranged in a hexagonal pattern, as shown in Figure 1.

[0010] Furthermore, mesoporous silica 20 may contain materials other than silicon dioxide, provided that the effect on its bonding properties with surfactants is within an acceptable range. For example, the silicate base structure constituting mesoporous silica 20 may further contain elements such as aluminum, titanium, magnesium, zirconium, tantalum, niobium, molybdenum, cobalt, nickel, gallium, beryllium, yttrium, lanthanum, hafnium, tin, lead, vanadium, and boron.

[0011] As shown in Figure 1, the surfactant constituting the surfactant portion 30 is bonded to the mesoporous silica 20 in a micelle state within the mesopores of the mesoporous silica 20. The surfactant constituting the surfactant portion 30 is a surfactant that exhibits antibacterial and antiviral activity, which is at least one of antibacterial and antiviral properties, and only needs to be able to form micelles in a solvent. Various surfactants that are cationic, anionic, amphoteric, or nonionic can be used. Among these, cationic surfactants are preferred, and among cationic surfactants, quaternary ammonium salts are preferred. Quaternary ammonium salts are widely known to have antibacterial properties. Furthermore, among such quaternary ammonium salts, for example, benzalkonium chloride and dialkyldimethylammonium chloride such as didecyldimethylammonium chloride are even more It is known to possess antiviral properties. Furthermore, the inventors of this application have obtained new findings that cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (hereinafter also referred to as CTAC), a type of quaternary ammonium salt, possesses antiviral properties in addition to antibacterial properties. Among these quaternary ammonium salts, alkyltrimethylammonium salts with 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group are particularly preferred. By constructing the surfactant portion 30 using these quaternary ammonium salts, an antibacterial and antiviral material 10 possessing antibacterial and antiviral properties can be obtained.

[0012] Whether the surfactant constituting the surfactant portion 30 of the antibacterial / antiviral material 10 is in a micelle structure within the mesopores of the mesoporous silica 20 can be determined, for example, by the amount of surfactant per unit mass of mesoporous silica 20. For example, when an alkyltrimethylammonium salt with 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, such as cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC), is used as the surfactant, it can be determined that the surfactant is arranged in a micelle state within the mesopores of the mesoporous silica 20 when the surfactant content in the antibacterial / antiviral material 10 is 0.5 mmol or more per gram of mesoporous silica. When an alkyltrimethylammonium salt with 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group is used as the surfactant, it is more desirable that the surfactant content be 0.7 mmol or more per gram of mesoporous silica, and even more desirable that be 1.0 mmol or more. When the surfactant does not take the form of a micelle structure, it is not possible to achieve the high surfactant content described above. The surfactant content described above is a value that can be achieved by filling the mesopores of the mesoporous silica 20 with the surfactant in a micelle state.

[0013] To determine the surfactant content in the antibacterial / antiviral material 10, the mass of the antibacterial / antiviral material 10 is measured, and then the surfactant bound to the mesoporous silica 20 is removed by firing the antibacterial / antiviral material 10 at a temperature of, for example, 550°C or higher, and the mass of the mesoporous silica 20 is measured. The surfactant content can then be determined by calculating the difference between the mass of the antibacterial / antiviral material 10 and the mass of the mesoporous silica 20. Specifically, it can be determined, for example, by measuring the weight loss when thermogravimetric analysis (TG) is performed on the antibacterial / antiviral material 10.

[0014] B. Method for manufacturing antibacterial and antiviral materials: One method for producing the antibacterial / antiviral material 10 is to obtain the antibacterial / antiviral material 10 from the intermediate products in the conventionally known mesoporous silica manufacturing process. Another method for producing the antibacterial / antiviral material 10 is to bond a surfactant to pre-prepared mesoporous silica 20 in a micelle state. When obtaining the antibacterial / antiviral material 10 from the intermediate products in the conventionally known mesoporous silica manufacturing process, conventionally known methods for producing mesoporous silica include the so-called interlayer crosslinking method and the molecular template method.

[0015] The "interlayer crosslinking manufacturing method" is a method that uses surfactant micelles and layered silicates as materials. Specifically, it is a method for producing mesoporous silica by using surfactant micelles as a template, forming a three-dimensional silicate skeleton around the micelles (in the gaps between micelles) through interlayer crosslinking of layered silicates, and then removing the surfactant micelles. The intermediate product before removing the surfactant micelles can be used as the antibacterial / antiviral material 10 of this embodiment.

[0016] Kanemite is preferred as the layered silicate that can be used in the interlayer crosslinking manufacturing method. Other layered silicates include, for example, sodium disilicate crystals (α,β,γ,δ-NaSiO5), macathite (Na2Si4O9·5H2O), and iaara. Ito(Na2Si8O) 17 (xH2O), magadiite (Na2Si 14 O 29 (xH2O), Kenyaite (Na2Si 20 O 41 Examples include (xH2O). In addition, other layered silicates may be used, such as clay minerals like sepiolite, montmorillonite, vermiculite, mica, kaolinite, and smectite, which have been treated with an acidic aqueous solution to remove elements other than silica. Below, the method for producing the antibacterial and antiviral material 10 using the interlayer crosslinking method will be described in more detail.

[0017] In the production of the antibacterial and antiviral material 10 by the interlayer crosslinking method, layered silicate and surfactant are mixed in a solvent, and a condensation reaction is carried out under alkaline conditions while heating. This forms a crosslinked structure between the layered silicate layers, using the surfactant micelles as templates. As a result, a three-dimensional silicate skeleton is formed by the interlayer crosslinking of the layered silicate, and mesoporous silica 20 is obtained. At this time, the concentration of the surfactant in the mixture of layered silicate and surfactant should be equal to or greater than the critical micelle concentration (hereinafter referred to as CMC). The critical micelle concentration is the minimum concentration of surfactant in the solution required to form micelles. The pores of the mesoporous silica 20 obtained as described above are filled with surfactant micelles used as templates, constituting the surfactant portion 30. The antibacterial and antiviral material 10 is produced as a composite material of such mesoporous silica 20 and surfactant.

[0018] The solvent used when mixing the layered silicate and the surfactant can be any solvent that can micellize the surfactant, such as water or a water-alcohol mixture. The condensation reaction can be carried out, for example, by heating the mixture of the layered silicate and the surfactant at 30-100°C, preferably 70-80°C, for a reaction time of 2-24 hours. It is preferable to stir the mixture during the heating reaction. The pH of the mixture during the heating reaction should preferably be 10 or higher at least in the initial stages of the reaction (for example, 1-5 hours from the start of the reaction), and then preferably reduced to 10 or lower for 1 hour or more. This yields mesoporous silica in which the pores are filled with micelles of the surfactant. As described above, it is desirable that the mesoporous silica obtained by this method has a hexagonal structure. After the condensation reaction is complete, the solid product (mesoporous silica in which the micelles of the surfactant used as a template are filled) is filtered and recovered from the mixture. At this time, it is preferable to repeatedly wash the obtained solid product with deionized water. After washing, the antibacterial and antiviral material 10 is obtained by drying the solid product.

[0019] The pore diameter of the mesoporous silica 20 constituting the antibacterial / antiviral material 10 can be adjusted, for example, by changing the molecular length of the surfactant used as a template. For example, by changing the surfactant used to one with a shorter alkyl chain, micelles with a smaller diameter are formed, and by using such micelles as a template, the pore diameter of the formed mesoporous material can be made smaller. For example, when the pore diameter of the mesoporous silica 20 is 0.5 nm to 10 nm, the surfactant used is preferably one with 2 to 18 carbon atoms, and more preferably one with 8 to 18 carbon atoms.

[0020] The "molecular template method" is a method for synthesizing mesoporous silica by the sol-gel method using micelles, which are molecular aggregates of surfactants, as a template. In particular, it is preferable to use a hexagonal structure, which is an aggregate of rod-shaped micelles, as the molecular template. By using such a molecular template and proceeding with the hydrolysis and condensation polymerization reactions of alkoxysilane, which is a raw material for silica, silica is formed on the surface of the molecular template, and mesoporous silica is obtained.

[0021] Examples of silica raw materials used in the above method include alkoxysilanes such as tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, tetrapropoxysilane, and methyltrimethoxysilane, as well as water glass. One or more of these can be combined. It can also be used. Even when using the molecular template method, the pore diameter of the mesoporous silica 20 can be adjusted by changing the molecular length of the surfactant used as a template. For example, when the pore diameter of the mesoporous silica 20 is 0.5 nm to 10 nm, the surfactant used is preferably one with 2 to 18 carbon atoms, and more preferably one with 8 to 18 carbon atoms.

[0022] In the molecular template method, when mixing the above-mentioned alkoxysilane and surfactant in a solvent, the concentration of the surfactant should be equal to or greater than the critical micelle concentration (CMC), preferably 20-30 wt%. Furthermore, in order to obtain mesoporous silica having a hexagonal structure, the molar ratio of surfactant to silicon in the reaction raw materials should preferably be less than 1, and more preferably 0.1-0.6.

[0023] The temperature during the polymerization condensation reaction should be in the range of 0 to 100°C. The polymerization condensation reaction time should be adjusted appropriately depending on the type of silica raw material, for example, 12 to 48 hours or longer. It is preferable to repeat stirring for several hours and standing for several hours. After the polymerization condensation reaction, the resulting precipitate or gel-like composite is filtered, washed if necessary, and then dried, pulverized, sieved, etc., to obtain a granular or powdery solid product. This solid product is mesoporous silica filled with micelles of the surfactant used as a template. In this way, the antibacterial / antiviral material 10 is obtained.

[0024] Unlike the interlayer crosslinking method and molecular template method described above, in the method of bonding a surfactant to mesoporous silica 20 in a micelle state, first, mesoporous silica 20 is prepared. Such mesoporous silica 20 can be obtained, for example, by using a substance similar to the antibacterial / antiviral material 10 of this embodiment, which is produced by the interlayer crosslinking method or molecular template method described above, as an intermediate product, and then firing this intermediate product at a temperature of, for example, 550°C or higher to remove the surfactant from within the pores of the intermediate product. Examples of conventionally known mesoporous silica produced by the interlayer crosslinking method include FSM-16 (T. Yanagisawa et al., Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 63, 988 (1990), S. Inagaki et al., J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 680 (1993)). Furthermore, an example of conventionally known mesoporous silica produced by molecular template methods is MCM-41 (CTKresge et al., Nature, 359, 710 (1992)).

[0025] Then, such mesoporous silica is added to a solution containing a surfactant at a concentration equal to or greater than the critical micelle concentration, causing the surfactant in micelle form to adsorb onto the mesoporous silica. In this method, the amount of surfactant adsorbed onto the mesoporous silica substrate and the strength of the bond between the mesoporous silica and the surfactant can be adjusted by the relationship between the pore diameter of the mesoporous silica and the diameter of the surfactant micelles. The closer the diameter of the surfactant micelles is to the pore diameter of the mesoporous silica, the greater the amount of surfactant adsorbed onto the mesoporous silica, and the stronger the bond between the mesoporous silica and the surfactant.

[0026] As described above, in the antibacterial and antiviral material 10 of this embodiment, the surfactant constituting the surfactant portion 30 and exhibiting antibacterial and antiviral activity is bound to the mesoporous silica 20 in a micelle state within the mesopores of the mesoporous silica 20. Therefore, the bonding strength between the surfactant exhibiting antibacterial and antiviral activity and the mesoporous silica 20, which is the base material, is increased and the bond is stabilized, thereby suppressing performance degradation in the antibacterial and antiviral material 10 caused by the dissociation of the surfactant. Furthermore, by increasing the bonding strength between the mesoporous silica 20 and the surfactant arranged within the pores of the mesoporous silica 20, even when external forces such as abrasion or washing are applied to the antibacterial and antiviral material 10, performance degradation of the antibacterial and antiviral material caused by the detachment of the surfactant can be suppressed. Yes, it is possible. Furthermore, the antibacterial and antiviral material 10 of this embodiment can increase the binding strength between the mesoporous silica 20 and the surfactant, making it possible to bind more surfactant to the mesoporous silica 20 and thus improving the performance of the antibacterial and antiviral material 10. In particular, when mesoporous silica is used as the base material as in this embodiment, it becomes possible to bind more surfactant compared to when other types of porous silica are used as the base material, as will be described later, thereby improving the antibacterial and antiviral performance.

[0027] In this type of antibacterial / antiviral material 10, a surfactant is used as the active ingredient that possesses antibacterial and antiviral activity. Therefore, unlike when a photocatalyst is used as the active ingredient, special treatments such as light irradiation are not required. Furthermore, unlike when a metal is used as the active ingredient, it is less likely that the activity will decrease due to oxidation that progresses over time.

[0028] Furthermore, since the antibacterial and antiviral material 10 of this embodiment uses mesoporous silica as a base material, it has good processability with resins, and antibacterial and antiviral properties can be imparted to the surface of a desired component by kneading it into the resin or by surface treatment such as coating. In particular, when used by kneading it into the resin, it is possible to create a finish that is highly resistant to abrasion and where the antibacterial and antiviral material is less likely to peel off.

[0029] C. Other embodiments: In the embodiments described above, mesoporous silica, a type of porous silica, was used as the substrate for supporting the surfactant, which is an active ingredient having antibacterial and antiviral activity. However, different configurations are also possible. For example, other types of porous silica having mesopores (here, pore diameters of 0.5 nm to 50 nm), such as silica gel, may be used as the substrate. By binding the surfactant in a micelle state within the mesopores of the porous silica, it becomes possible to increase the bonding strength between the substrate and the surfactant, as well as to secure a larger amount of supported surfactant, similar to the case where mesoporous silica is used. [Examples]

[0030] The present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to examples, but the present disclosure is not limited to the description of these examples.

[0031] <Preparation of each sample> [Sample S1] The antibacterial and antiviral material in sample S1 is cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (C), a surfactant with antibacterial and antiviral activity, which is present within the mesopores of mesoporous silica. 16 H 33N(CH3)3Cl:CTAC) is held in a micelle state. The antibacterial and antiviral material of sample S1 was prepared as an intermediate product of mesoporous silica conventionally known as FSM-16, according to the method described in S. Inagaki et al., Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 69, 1449-1457 (1996). This antibacterial and antiviral material of sample S1 was prepared by the interlayer crosslinking method described above. Specifically, 3 g of Kanemite, a layered silicate, was added to 300 mL of a 0.1 N aqueous solution of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC), a surfactant as a type of quaternary ammonium salt, and heated in a Teflon® autoclave at 70°C for 3 hours with shaking at a pH of 11.5 or higher. The product was then filtered, washed with water, and dried to obtain an interlayer compound in which the surfactant was introduced between the Kanemite layers. Next, the sample was resuspended in 400 mL of deionized water adjusted to pH 8.5 with hydrochloric acid (HCl) at room temperature for 3 hours, filtered, washed with water, and then air-dried. Afterward, it was dried at 70°C for 48 hours to obtain the antibacterial and antiviral material of sample S1. The manufacturing conditions in this method are established as those for obtaining mesoporous silica, as described in S. Inagaki et al., Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 69, 1449-1457 (1996). .

[0032] [Sample S2] Sample S2 is a comparative example and is composed of mesoporous silica without surfactants. Sample S2 was prepared in the same manner as mesoporous silica conventionally known as FSM-16, according to the method described in S. Inagaki et al., Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 69, 1449-1457 (1996). Specifically, it was prepared by calcining the above-mentioned Sample S1 at 550°C for 6 hours to remove the CTAC bound to the mesoporous silica.

[0033] [Sample S3] As sample S3, commercially available silicon dioxide (SiO2) particles (manufactured by Kojun Chemical Laboratory Co., Ltd., average particle size approximately 4 μm) were prepared.

[0034] <Evaluation of antiviral activity against enveloped viruses> The antiviral activity against enveloped viruses was evaluated using bacteriophage Φ6 (NBRC105899) as a model for enveloped viruses. For each of the 25 mg samples S1 to S3, bacteriophage Φ6, whose concentration was adjusted in 1 / 500 NB medium (NB medium diluted 500-fold with sterile purified water and adjusted to a pH of 7.0 ± 0.2), was administered at a concentration of 1.0 × 10⁶ per 1.0 mg of sample. 5 500 μL of the solution was added to each sample to create a pfu (polyunsaturated fibrillation) suspension. After adding each suspension to a 96-well deep plate, the plate was shaken at 25°C and 300 rpm to allow each sample to come into contact with the virus. Three different contact times were set for each sample: 5 minutes, 10 minutes, and 35 minutes. A control experiment was conducted in which only the virus solution was contacted for 35 minutes, without any of the samples mentioned above.

[0035] After the shaking procedure described above for contact with the virus, 1,000 μL of SCDLP medium was added to each solution and pipetted. After centrifugation at 25°C and 5000 rpm for 3 minutes, the supernatant was diluted as needed and added to the host bacterium, Pseudomonas syringae (NBRC14084). After infection treatment at 25°C for 5 minutes, each treated solution was mixed with Top Agar culture medium and seeded onto Ca-supplemented LB agar medium. Each seeded plate was cultured at 25°C for 40 hours under static conditions. After the culture period, the number of plaques observed on the plate was counted. Based on the dilution ratio, the number of viruses per unit mass (mg) (PFU) of each sample, i.e., the number of residual viruses after contact with each sample, was calculated and referred to as the "residual virus amount".

[0036] The calcium-supplemented LB culture medium used in the experiment was prepared by adding calcium chloride (manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) to LB culture medium purchased from Formedium to a final concentration of 2 mM. The calcium-supplemented LB agar medium was prepared by adding microbial agar powder (manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) to the calcium-supplemented LB culture medium to a concentration of 1.5% (wt. / vol.). The NB medium was purchased from Nippon Becton Dickinson Corporation, and the SCDLP medium was purchased from Nippon Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

[0037] Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the residual viral load (PFU / mg) for each sample at different contact times. Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the viral inactivation rate (%) for each sample at different contact times. The viral inactivation rate (%) was calculated based on the following formula (1).

[0038] Virus inactivation (%) = ( (Remaining virus amount in control experiment) - (Remaining virus amount after contact with sample) ) ÷ (Remaining virus amount in control experiment) × 100 …(1)

[0039] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, Sample S1 (mesoporous silica-CTAC composite) After the sample and the virus were allowed to contact for 5 minutes, no residual virus was detected, and it was observed that the virus inactivation rate (%) was 99.99% or more after 5 minutes of contact. In sample S2 (mesoporous silica FSM-16), when the sample and the virus were contacted, the amount of residual virus decreased over time after 5 minutes and 10 minutes of contact, and no residual virus was detected after 35 minutes of contact, and it was observed that the virus inactivation rate (%) was 99.99% or more after 35 minutes of contact. In sample S3 (SiO2 particles), when the contact time between the sample and the virus was 5 minutes and 10 minutes, no decrease in the amount of residual virus was observed compared to the control experiment without the sample, and it was observed that the virus inactivation rate (%) was 67.16% after 35 minutes of contact. From the above results, with respect to bacteriophage Φ6, which is an enveloped virus model, antiviral effects were observed in sample S1 and sample S2, and it was confirmed that sample S1 can inactivate the virus in a shorter time than sample S2 and has high antiviral properties.

[0040] <Evaluation of Antiviral Activity against Non-Enveloped Viruses> The evaluation of antiviral activity against non-enveloped viruses was performed using bacteriophage Qβ (NBRC20012) as a model of non-enveloped viruses. For each 25 mg of samples S1 to S3, bacteriophage Qβ adjusted in concentration with 1 / 500 NB medium (NB medium diluted 500-fold with sterile purified water and adjusted to a pH of 7.0 ± 0.2) was added at 1.0 × 10 5 pfu per 1.0 mg of the sample to prepare a suspension for each sample. After adding each suspension to a 96-well deep plate, it was shaken at 25°C and 300 rpm to contact each sample with the virus. Three types of contact times between each sample and the virus were set: 5 minutes, 10 minutes, and 35 minutes. A control experiment was conducted in which only the above virus solution was contacted for 35 minutes without including any of the above samples.

[0041] After the shaking procedure described above for contact with the virus, 1,000 μL of SCDLP medium was added to each solution and pipetted. After centrifugation at 25°C and 5000 rpm for 3 minutes, the supernatant was diluted as needed and added to the host bacterium, Escherichia coli (NBRC106373). After infection treatment at 37°C for 5 minutes, each treated solution was mixed with Top Agar culture medium and seeded onto Ca-supplemented LB agar medium. Each seeded plate was cultured at 37°C for 16 hours under static conditions. After the culture was completed, the number of plaques observed on the plate was counted. Based on the dilution ratio, the number of viruses per unit mass (mg) (PFU) of each sample, i.e., the number of residual viruses after contact with each sample, was calculated and referred to as the "residual virus amount".

[0042] The Ca-supplemented LB culture medium, Ca-supplemented LB agar medium, NB medium, and SCDLP medium used in the test were prepared in the same manner as described in the <Evaluation of Antiviral Activity against Enveloped Viruses> section.

[0043] Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the residual viral load (PFU / mg) for each sample at different contact times. Figure 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the viral inactivation rate (%) for each sample at different contact times. The viral inactivation rate (%) was calculated based on formula (1) described above.

[0044] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, with sample S1 (mesoporous silica-CTAC complex), 99.99% of the virus was inactivated after 5 minutes of contact with the sample, and over 99.99% of the virus was inactivated after 10 minutes of contact. With sample S2 (mesoporous silica FSM-16), the amount of remaining virus decreased over time after 5, 10, and 35 minutes of contact with the sample, and 99.74% of the virus was inactivated after 35 minutes of contact. No decrease in the amount of remaining virus over time was observed with sample S3 (SiO2 particles). Based on these results, antiviral effects were observed in both sample S1 and sample S2 regarding bacteriophage Qβ, a non-enveloped virus model. Sample S1 was able to inactivate the virus in a shorter time than sample S2, confirming its high antiviral activity.

[0045] <Evaluation of the stability of antiviral effects after repeated washing> The following describes the method and results for investigating the stability of the antibacterial and antiviral material in Sample S1 after repeated washing. 25 mg of Sample S1 (mesoporous silica-CTAC complex) was mixed with 1,000 μL of 1 / 500 NB medium, stirred using a vortex mixer, and then centrifuged at 25°C and 10,000 rpm for 1 minute. After centrifugation, the supernatant was discarded to obtain a precipitate, and this procedure was considered one washing operation. Samples were prepared using Sample S1 after 1, 5, and 10 washes.

[0046] For each 25 mg of sample with different washing cycles as described above, bacteriophage Qβ, whose concentration was adjusted in 1 / 500 NB medium, was added at a concentration of 1.0 × 10⁶ per 1.0 mg of sample. 5 500 μL of the solution was added to each sample to create a pfu (polyunsaturated fission unit), and a suspension was prepared for each sample. After adding each suspension to a 96-well deep plate, the plate was shaken at 25°C and 300 rpm for 5 minutes to allow each sample to come into contact with the virus. A control experiment was conducted using only the virus solution (without any of the samples) shaken for 5 minutes.

[0047] After the shaking procedure described above for contact with the virus, 1,000 μL of SCDLP medium was added to each solution and pipetted. After centrifugation at 25°C and 5000 rpm for 3 minutes, the supernatant was diluted as needed and added to the host bacterium, Escherichia coli (NBRC106373). After infection treatment at 37°C for 5 minutes, each treated solution was mixed with Top Agar culture medium and seeded onto Ca-supplemented LB agar medium. Each seeded plate was cultured at 37°C for 16 hours under static conditions. After the culture was completed, the number of plaques observed on the plate was counted. Based on the dilution ratio, the number of viruses per unit mass (mg) (PFU) of each sample, i.e., the number of residual viruses after contact with each sample, was calculated and referred to as the "residual virus amount".

[0048] The Ca-supplemented LB culture medium, Ca-supplemented LB agar medium, NB medium, and SCDLP medium used in the test were prepared in the same manner as described in the <Evaluation of Antiviral Activity against Enveloped Viruses> section.

[0049] Figure 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the amount of residual virus (PFU / mg) for each number of washes. Figure 7 is a photograph of plaque for each number of washes. In sample S1 (mesoporous silica-CTAC complex), no plaque was detected at all, regardless of whether the number of washes was 0 (unwashed), 1, 5, or 10. Since the added amount of virus remained in the control experiment without any of the samples, it was confirmed that sample S1 can maintain its antiviral effect even after 10 washes and has high stability to the washing procedure.

[0050] <Effect of surfactant concentration adsorbed on mesoporous silica> Sample S1 (mesoporous silica-CTAC composite) corresponds to an intermediate product in the manufacturing process for producing mesoporous silica like Sample S2. However, the antibacterial and antiviral material (mesoporous silica-CTAC composite) according to this disclosure can also be produced by adsorbing a surfactant (CTAC) onto pre-prepared mesoporous silica. Below, we show the results of investigating the relationship between the concentration of the surfactant adsorbed onto the mesoporous silica and the amount adsorbed. Here, the same mesoporous silica as in Sample S2 (FSM-16) was used as the mesoporous silica. Then, surfactants adjusted at various concentrations ( The surfactant was adsorbed onto mesoporous silica by reacting it in CTAC solution at 70°C for 5 hours.

[0051] The amount of surfactant adsorbed was determined from the weight loss obtained by thermogravimetric analysis (TG) of each mesoporous silica-CTAC composite prepared by changing the concentration of the surfactant solution used for adsorption as described above. A TG-DTA instrument (manufactured by Seiko Electronics Industries, Ltd.) was used for thermogravimetric analysis. During thermogravimetric analysis, the sample was held at 100°C for 25 minutes, and then heated to 900°C at a heating rate of 20°C / min or 40°C / min. Measurements were taken while air was flowing at 300 mL / min. The amount of surfactant adsorbed was determined as the amount of surfactant (mmol) per unit mass (g) of the mesoporous silica substrate.

[0052] The equilibrium concentration of the surfactant when adsorbing it onto mesoporous silica was determined by using the amount of surfactant adsorbed as measured above, and calculating it backward from the initial concentration of the surfactant solution used for surfactant adsorption.

[0053] Figure 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the equilibrium concentration of the surfactant (CTAC) and the relative adsorption amount. In Figure 8, the horizontal axis represents the equilibrium concentration of the surfactant, and the vertical axis represents the relative adsorption amount (%) when the maximum adsorption amount of the surfactant is set to 100%. The relative adsorption amount (%) can be expressed by the following equation (2). As shown in Figure 8, adsorption reached saturation at an equilibrium concentration of 0.1 mol / L or less of the surfactant. When adsorption of the surfactant was performed using a solution with an initial concentration of 0.01 mol / L, the equilibrium concentration was almost 0, so it is thought that adsorption occurred at low concentrations of 0.01 mol / L or less. Since the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of CTAC at 25°C is 0.0014 mol / L, the CMC of CTAC at 70°C is estimated to be 0.001-0.01 mol / L. Therefore, it is thought that the adsorption amount of CTAC reached saturation at the CMC concentration. Based on the above, it is thought that when CTAC forms micelles, it becomes easier for CTAC to adsorb onto mesoporous silica, increasing the amount of adsorption, and when the CTAC concentration is below the CMC concentration, the amount of adsorption will be even lower. Considering the CMC of CTAC as described above, when using CTAC as a surfactant, it is thought that when the amount of adsorbed CTAC per gram of mesoporous silica is 0.5 mmol or more, it can be determined from Figure 8 that CTAC is arranged in a micelle state within the mesopores of mesoporous silica. Relative adsorption amount (%) = (each adsorption amount) ÷ (maximum adsorption amount) × 100 …(2)

[0054] <Effect of surfactant chain length on adsorption to mesoporous silica> When producing mesoporous silica-surfactant complexes as intermediate products in the manufacturing process of mesoporous silica, as in Sample S1 and Sample S2, the diameter of the surfactant micelles is determined by the type of surfactant (e.g., alkyl chain length), and the pore diameter of the mesopores in the resulting mesoporous silica is determined by the diameter of the surfactant micelles used as a template. Below, we present the results of investigating the relationship between the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group constituting the surfactant adsorbed onto the mesoporous silica (alkyl chain length) and the amount of adsorption when producing a mesoporous silica-surfactant complex by adsorbing a surfactant (alkyltrimethylammonium) onto pre-prepared mesoporous silica. Here, as the mesoporous silica, we used mesoporous silica prepared using CTAC as a template, similar to Sample S2 (FSM-16). The pore diameter of the mesoporous silica prepared in this way is 2-5 nm. Then, by reacting at 70°C for 5 hours, various surfactants (alkyltrimethylammonium salts) with different alkyl chain lengths were adsorbed onto the above mesoporous silica, and the amount of adsorption was measured.

[0055] Figure 9 is a diagram summarizing the names of the surfactants used, the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group (alkyl chain length), and the CMC. Figure 10 shows the alkyl chain length (n) of the surfactant and the surface activity. This is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the relative adsorption amount of the agent and the equilibrium concentration. In Figures 9 and 10, cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, shown as n=16, is the surfactant (CTAC) used as a template when manufacturing the mesoporous silica used as a substrate for adsorbing the surfactant. In Figure 10, the horizontal axis shows the alkyl chain length of the surfactant, and the vertical axis shows the relative adsorption amount (%) when the maximum adsorption amount of the surfactant is set to 100%. Here, surfactants with different alkyl chain lengths were adsorbed onto mesoporous silica at various concentrations, the adsorption amount was measured, and the equilibrium concentration was calculated. The results for the composite obtained when the equilibrium concentration was 0.1 mol / L are shown. As shown in Figure 10, in the range of 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, the adsorption amount is almost the same, and it is considered that the adsorption amount is almost saturated. In contrast, when the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is shorter, i.e., n=6 and n=8, the adsorption amount was about half of the above.

[0056] Here, it is generally known that the critical micelle concentration (CMC) decreases as the alkyl chain length increases. As shown in Figure 9, the CMC of the surfactant with n=8 is 0.14 mol / L, so in the cases of n=6 and n=8, it is considered that the surfactant does not form micelles in solution under conditions where the equilibrium concentration is 0.1 mol / L. In contrast, the CMC of n=10 is 0.068 mol / L, and it is considered that micelles were formed in solution when the number of carbon atoms n was 10 or more. Therefore, when adsorbing surfactants onto mesoporous silica, it is considered that the amount of adsorption can be increased by increasing the surfactant concentration to above the CMC and adsorbing the surfactant in a micelle state.

[0057] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 10, the amount of adsorption gradually increases as the number of carbon atoms n is greater than 10, and the amount of adsorption tends to be maximum at n=14 and n=16. Therefore, it is thought that the amount of surfactant adsorbed onto mesoporous silica can be further improved by using a surfactant with an alkyl chain length close to that of the surfactant used as a template when manufacturing mesoporous silica and performing adsorption onto mesoporous silica. In general, the smaller the alkyl chain length of a surfactant, the smaller the micelle diameter. Therefore, it is thought that by using a surfactant with a micelle diameter close to the pore diameter of mesoporous silica, or a micelle diameter slightly smaller than that of mesoporous silica, the surfactant in micelle form can be adsorbed well in a so-called snug fit within the mesopores of mesoporous silica.

[0058] <Stability comparison of silica-surfactant composites> The variation in the amount of surfactant adsorbed (the variation in the amount of surfactant eluted) after immersion in pure water was investigated using various silica-surfactant composites. The mesoporous silica-CTAC composite of sample S1 described above, that is, the composite corresponding to an intermediate of the mesoporous silica FSM-16, will hereafter be referred to as "FSM / Surf". The sample shown in Figures 9 and 10, in which CTAC (n=16) was used as the surfactant and micelle-state CTAC was adsorbed onto mesoporous silica (FSM-16), will hereafter be referred to as "FSM ad". Furthermore, the sample shown in Figures 9 and 10, in which dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DDTMA, n=12) was used as the surfactant and micelle-state DDTMA was adsorbed onto mesoporous silica (FSM-16), will be referred to as "FSM ad C12". Furthermore, the sample shown in Figures 9 and 10, in which octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (ODTMA, n=18) is used as a surfactant and micelle-state ODTMA is adsorbed onto mesoporous silica (FSM-16), is called "FSM ad C18". Also, a sample in which micelle-state CTAC is adsorbed in the same manner as "FSM ad" using silica gel AB (manufactured by Fuji Silicia Chemical Co., Ltd.), a porous silica having mesopores but a different structure from mesoporous silica, as the base material, is called "Silica AB ad". Additionally, a sample in which CTAC (n=16) is adsorbed onto mesoporous silica (FSM-16) at a concentration lower than the micelle concentration is called "FSM ad ucmc". For "FSM ad," "FSM ad C12," "FSM ad C18," and "Silica AB ad," the surfactant was adsorbed by stirring at room temperature for 1 hour using a solution with a surfactant concentration of 0.1 mol / L, which was above the critical micelle concentration. For "FSM ad ucmc," the surfactant was adsorbed by stirring at room temperature for 1 hour using a solution with a surfactant concentration of 0.001 mol / L, which was below the critical micelle concentration. More specifically, 100 mg of the adsorption substrate powder was added to a vial containing 4 mL of room temperature pure water in which each surfactant was dissolved to the above concentrations, and the mixture was stirred with a magnetic stirrer for 1 hour to adsorb the surfactant.

[0059] 40 mg of each of the above-mentioned samples was collected, and the collected powders were placed in microcentrifuge tubes containing 1 mL of pure water. After introducing the powders into the pure water, they were stirred by vortexing for approximately 1 second, and then the microcentrifuge tubes were allowed to stand to elute the surfactants from each complex. After immersing each complex in pure water for a predetermined time, the complex powders and eluates were separated, and the settled powders were freeze-dried under vacuum for 3 hours. Approximately 40 mg of the resulting dried powder was collected and subjected to thermogravimetric differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA analysis).

[0060] Thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) was performed using a differential thermal balance-photoionization mass spectrometry system (Rigaku Corporation, Thermo Mass photo). 5 mg of powder samples, each consisting of a composite of mesoporous silica (substrate) or silica gel AB with a surfactant, were taken, and the percentage change in sample weight (TG%) and heat flow (μV) were measured. The analysis was performed at 20°C min under a helium (He) atmosphere. -1 The temperature was raised to 100°C for 25 minutes to volatilize the water adsorbed on the powder sample, and then raised to 900°C. The amount of surfactant adsorbed was determined as the amount of surfactant (g or mmol) per unit mass (g) of the base material, mesoporous silica or silica gel AB.

[0061] Figure 11 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the immersion time of the composite in pure water and the amount of surfactant supported in the composite. In Figure 11, the horizontal axis represents the immersion time of the composite in pure water. The vertical axis represents the amount of surfactant supported in the composite, more specifically, the amount of surfactant supported on the substrate (g) per gram of substrate such as mesoporous silica or silica gel. surfactant / g adsorbent ) indicates.

[0062] Figure 12 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the time the composite was immersed in pure water and the amount of surfactant supported in the composite. However, unlike Figure 11, the vertical axis represents the amount of surfactant supported by the substrate before immersion in pure water (g surfactant / g adsorbent This shows the relative value when () is set to 1.

[0063] Figure 13 is an explanatory diagram summarizing the measurement results for each composite. In Figure 13, the amount of surfactant loaded before immersion in pure water is expressed as the amount of surfactant loaded per gram of the substrate as described above, expressed in "g" (g surfactant / g adsorbent (as indicated above) and the amount of surfactant supported per gram of the above-mentioned base material, expressed in "mmol" (mmol surfactant / g adsorbent It is expressed as follows: (notation) and . In addition, the amount of surfactant carried after immersion in pure water is expressed as the amount of surfactant carried per gram of the above-mentioned substrate in "mmol" (mmol surfactant / g adsorbent This is expressed as follows: The amount of surfactant carried after immersion in pure water is represented by the counterion (Cl - YaBr - The number of moles was calculated assuming that the material was adsorbed onto mesoporous silica in the form from which the residue was removed. Figure 13 shows the immersion time in pure water (maximum 260 hours), and the "surfactant retention rate (%)" is shown as the ratio of the amount of surfactant loaded after the above pure water immersion time to the amount of surfactant loaded before the start of immersion.

[0064] As shown in Figure 13, "FSM / Surf," a composite equivalent to an intermediate of the mesoporous silica FSM-16, and "FSM ad," which has CTAC, a surfactant with n=16 optimally suited to the pore size of mesoporous silica (FSM-16) at a concentration above the critical micelle concentration, retained more than 90% of the surfactant even after 260 hours of immersion in pure water.

[0065] In contrast, "FSM ad ucmc," which had the surfactant (CTAC) bound at a concentration lower than the critical micelle concentration, showed a 100% surfactant retention rate after 5 hours of immersion in pure water, but the amount of surfactant supported in the initial stages of complex formation was low. Thus, it was confirmed that when supporting surfactants on mesoporous silica, it is difficult to support an amount of surfactant sufficient to obtain adequate antibacterial and antiviral activity if the surfactant is not in a micelle state.

[0066] Furthermore, "Silica" uses silica gel AB, a porous silica having mesopores, as a base material. In "AB ad," the amount of surfactant supported per gram of porous silica in the initial stages of composite formation was lower than that of "FSM / Surf" and "FSM ad," but higher than that of "FSM ad ucmc," exceeding 0.5 mmol / g. The surfactant retention rate of "Silica AB ad" after 260 hours of immersion in pure water was 66%. Thus, it was confirmed that even when using porous silica different from mesoporous silica as the substrate, it is possible to support a sufficient amount of surfactant and ensure a good surfactant retention rate by adsorbing the surfactant in a micelle state within the mesopores of the porous silica.

[0067] In "FSM ad C12" and "FSM ad C18," which were loaded with surfactants having a different alkyl chain length than the one used as a template during the synthesis of mesoporous silica (FSM-16) used as the base material, the amount of surfactant loaded per gram of porous silica in the initial stages of composite formation was less than that of "FSM / Surf" and "FSM ad," but more than that of "FSM ad ucmc" and "Silica AB ad," exceeding 1.0 mmol / g. In "FSM ad C12," the surfactant retention rate after 10 hours of immersion in pure water was 48% or less, while in "FSM ad C18," the surfactant retention rate after 5 hours of immersion in pure water was 86%. Thus, it was confirmed that even when adsorbing surfactants with a different alkyl chain length than the one used as a template during the synthesis of mesoporous silica onto mesoporous silica, it is possible to load a sufficient amount of surfactant and ensure a sufficient surfactant retention rate by adsorbing the surfactant in a micelle state within the mesopores of the mesoporous silica.

[0068] This disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described above, and can be implemented in various configurations without departing from its spirit. For example, the technical features in the embodiments corresponding to the technical features in each form described in the summary of the invention can be replaced or combined as appropriate in order to solve some or all of the above-mentioned problems, or to achieve some or all of the above-mentioned effects. Furthermore, if a technical feature is not described as essential in this specification, it can be deleted as appropriate. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0069] 10…Antibacterial and antiviral materials 20…Mesoporous Silica 30…Surfactant part

Claims

1. A method for producing an antibacterial and antiviral material that exhibits antibacterial and antiviral activity, which is at least one of antibacterial and antiviral properties, A porous silica having mesopores is prepared, The porous silica is added to a liquid containing a surfactant that exhibits antibacterial and antiviral activity and is an alkyltrimethylammonium salt having 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, at a concentration equal to or greater than the critical micelle concentration. The surfactant is then bonded to the porous silica in a micelle state within the mesopores of the porous silica to obtain the antibacterial and antiviral material. A method for manufacturing antibacterial and antiviral materials.

2. A method for producing an antibacterial and antiviral material that exhibits antibacterial and antiviral activity, which is at least one of antibacterial and antiviral properties, A porous silica having mesopores is prepared, The porous silica is added to a liquid containing a surfactant that exhibits antibacterial and antiviral activity and is an alkyltrimethylammonium salt having 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, at a concentration equal to or greater than the critical micelle concentration. The surfactant is then bonded to the porous silica in a micelle state within the mesopores of the porous silica to obtain the antibacterial and antiviral material having a surfactant content of 0.5 mmol or more per gram of porous silica. A method for manufacturing antibacterial and antiviral materials.

3. A method for producing an antibacterial and antiviral material according to claim 2, The surfactant is bonded to the porous silica in a micelle state to obtain the antibacterial and antiviral material in which the surfactant content is 1.0 mmol or more per gram of porous silica. A method for manufacturing antibacterial and antiviral materials.

4. A method for producing an antibacterial / antiviral material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The porous silica is mesoporous silica. A method for manufacturing antibacterial and antiviral materials.

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