MACHINE-ORIENTED POLYMERIC FILM, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING MACHINE-ORIENTED POLYMERIC FILM

Abstract

Machine-oriented polymer films consist of a polyolefin and a nucleating agent. Procedures for forming polymer films and manufactured articles prepared from them are described.

Description

MACHINE-ORIENTED POLYMERIC FILM, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING MACHINE-ORIENTED POLYMERIC FILM Related requests This application claims the benefit of U.S. provisional application no. Q62 / 797,595, filed on January 28, 2019, and U.S. provisional patent application no. θ62 / 745,089, filed on October 12, 2018. The full content of both priority documents has been incorporated by reference herein, except in the case of any disclosure or definition inconsistent with this specification, the disclosure or definition herein shall be deemed to prevail. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This disclosure relates to polymeric materials and, in particular, to polymeric films. More specifically, this disclosure relates to polymeric films formed from polymeric material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION According to this disclosure, a machine-oriented polymer film is manufactured using a manufacturing process. The manufacturing process comprises the step of stretching a preheated multilayer film to form the machine-oriented polymer film. In illustrative embodiments, the machine-direction oriented polymer film has a machine-direction breaking strength of less than approximately 300%, a 45-degree brightness greater of approximately 30%, and a haze of less than approximately 30%. In illustrative embodiments, the machine-oriented polymer film comprises a first skin layer comprising polyethylene and a nucleating agent, a core layer comprising polyethylene, and a second ΜΛ / t / ZUZ I / UO I004 skin layer comprising polyethylene. In other illustrative embodiments, the machine-oriented polymer film comprises a first skin layer comprising polyethylene, a core layer comprising an oxygen barrier polymer, and a second skin layer comprising polyethylene. In illustrative embodiments, a packaging article comprises a machine-oriented polymer film and a sealing strip laminated thereon. In other illustrative embodiments, a packaging article comprises a machine-oriented polymer film and a barrier film laminated thereon. The additional features of this disclosure will become evident to experts in the field after consideration of the illustrative realizations that illustrate the best way to carry out disclosure as it is currently perceived. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The detailed description refers in particular to the attached figures, in which: Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a representative embodiment of a machine-oriented polymer film comprising three layers; Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an illustrative procedure for stretching a polymer film in the machine direction (MD); Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a representative embodiment of a machine-oriented polymer film comprising five layers; Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a representative embodiment of a machine-oriented polymer film comprising five layers and having oxygen barrier properties; Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a representative embodiment of a machine-oriented polymer film comprising nine layers and having oxygen barrier properties; and Fig. 6 is a schematic view of an illustrative procedure for preheating, stretching, annealing, and stretching a precursor film. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In illustrative embodiments, this disclosure provides a formulation for preparing a precursor film, which can be stretched by machine-direction orientation (MDO) to provide a polymer film that has low gauge, high stiffness, low elongation, low haze, and / or high gloss. In illustrative embodiments, the machine-direction oriented polymer film thus produced can be used as a printing web.In illustrative embodiments, the formulation for preparing the precursor film includes a minimum of (a) a first skin layer containing high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and / or medium-density polyethylene (MDPE) and / or linear medium-density polymer (LMDPE) and / or linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) and / or any polyethylene configured to provide the required degree of thermal resistance for a given application, (b) a core layer containing polyethylene, and (c) a second skin layer containing high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and / or medium-density polyethylene (MDPE) and / or linear medium-density polymer (LMDPE) and / or linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) configured to provide the required degree of thermal resistance for a given application.In other illustrative embodiments, the formulation for preparing the precursor film includes a minimum of a first skin layer containing high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and / or medium-density polyethylene (MDPE) and / or linear medium-density polyethylene (LMDPE) and / or linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), a first coextrusion adhesive layer containing a first coextrusion adhesive resin, a core layer containing an oxygen barrier polymer, a second coextrusion adhesive layer containing a second coextrusion adhesive resin, and a second skin layer containing polyethylene. Using a stretch ratio greater than approximately 5:1 in an MDO process—in illustrative embodiments, between approximately 5:1 and approximately 12:1—allows the thickness of the polymer film to be reduced to less than 38.1 micrometers and, in illustrative embodiments, to less than 25.4 micrometers. In illustrative embodiments, an MD oriented polymer film according to this disclosure has one or more of the following properties: a machine-direction yield strength at break (i.e., elongation) of less than approximately 300% (in some embodiments, less than approximately 100%, and in other embodiments, less than approximately 60%), a haze of less than approximately 30%, a brightness at 45 degrees greater than approximately 30%, a machine-direction tensile strength at break greater than approximately 69 MPa, good heat resistance to allow the formation of a strong seal in packaging applications, or a combination thereof. The low extensibility (elongation) of the resulting polymer film facilitates high-precision printing on it (e.g., by maintaining more stable repeats, minimizing stretching during printing, and the like).Furthermore, the low extensibility of the resulting polymer film facilitates layering of the film onto other surfaces (e.g., facilitating a flat film configuration, minimizing undesirable ripples, minimizing structural defects caused by adhesive rubbing, and the like). In illustrative embodiments, a polyethylene-containing polymer film according to this disclosure can be advantageously used in packaging with recyclable materials. A first embodiment of a multilayer machine-oriented polymer film 2 according to the present disclosure is shown, for example, in Fig. 1. The machine-oriented polymer film 2 has at least a three-layer structure comprising a first skin layer 4, a second skin layer 8, and a core layer 6 sandwiched between the first skin layer 4 and the second skin layer 8. Each of the first skin layer 4, the second skin layer 8, and the core layer 6 may comprise a thermoplastic polymer (or combination of thermoplastic polymers), which, in illustrative embodiments, includes polyethylene. The selection of the thermoplastic polymer or combination of thermoplastic polymers in each of the first skin layer 4, the second layer 8, and the core layer 6 is independent of the other layers. MA / t / ZUZ I / UO I004 However, in some embodiments, the first skin layer 4 includes high-density polyethylene, medium-density polyethylene, linear medium-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, or a combination thereof. In illustrative embodiments, the first skin layer 4 includes high-density polyethylene. In some embodiments, the second skin layer 8 also includes high-density polyethylene. In further embodiments, each of the first skin layer 4, the second skin layer 8, and the core layer 6 includes high-density polyethylene. In illustrative embodiments, as shown in Fig. 1, the first skin layer 4 optionally includes a nucleating agent 10 dispersed within it. In some embodiments, one or both of the second skin layer 8 and the core layer 6 also contain a nucleating agent (not shown) dispersed within it. As used herein, the term nucleating agent refers to clarifying agents routinely used in semicrystalline polymer systems to increase the crystallization index. These agents can be added to increase the degree of crystallinity and lamella thickness, and also to improve optical properties. All types of nucleating agents are contemplated for use in this disclosure, including, but not limited to, polyethylene clarifying agents marketed under the trade name HYPERFORM HPN-20E by Milliken Chemical (Spartanburg, SC).In illustrative embodiments, the nucleating agent includes a compound having a formula I. ML / t / ZUZ I / UD I004 ®® Ca Yo The amount of nucleating agent can vary depending on the desired end use (e.g., the desired optical properties of the machine-oriented polymer film 2). In illustrative embodiments, a nucleating agent can be provided in an amount ranging from approximately 0.1% to approximately 7% by weight of the layer containing it. For example, as shown in Fig. 1, the nucleating agent 10 can be provided in an amount of approximately 0.1% to approximately 7% by weight of the first skin layer 4. A precursor substrate film (i.e., a film before MDO) containing one or a combination of thermoplastic polymers and, optionally, a nucleating agent dispersed in one or more layers of the film can be produced by either a cast film process or a blown film process. In one example, a precursor substrate film to be stretched by MDO to form a machine-direction-oriented polymer film 2, as described herein, is formed by a blown film process. In another example, the precursor substrate film is formed by a cast film process. The cast film process involves extruding molten polymers through an extrusion die to form a thin film, which is then immobilized on the surface of a cooling roll. In one example, a machine-oriented polymer film according to this disclosure can be manufactured by co-extrusion of feed blocks. In another example, a machine-oriented polymer film according to this disclosure can be prepared by co-extrusion of blown (tubular) film. The processes for feeding blocks and blown film extrusion are described in The Wey Encyclopedia of Packaging Technology, pp. 233-238 (Aaron L. Brody et al., eds., 2nd ed., 1997), which is incorporated herein by reference, except in the case of any disclosure or definition inconsistent with this specification, the disclosure or definition herein shall be deemed to prevail. The processes for film extrusion are also described in U.S. Patent No. 6,265,055, the content of which MA / t / ZUZ I / UO I004 is incorporated by reference in this document analogously, except in the case of any disclosure or definition inconsistent with this descriptive memorandum, the disclosure or definition in this document shall be deemed to prevail. The precursor substrate film thus produced can then be drawn in a machine-direction (MD) orientation by a procedure analogous to that shown in the simplified schematic of Fig. 2 to form a machine-direction oriented polymer film in accordance with this disclosure. For example, the film 12 shown in Fig. 2 can be passed between at least two pairs of rollers in the direction of an arrow 14. In this example, the first roller 16 and a first contact line 20 operate at a lower speed (Vi) than the speed (V2) of a second roller 18 and a second contact line 22. The ratio V2 / V1 determines the degree to which the film 14 is drawn. Since there is sufficient drag on the roller surfaces to prevent slippage, the procedure can, alternatively, be carried out with the contact line open. Therefore, in the procedure shown in Fig.2, the first contact line 20 and the second contact line 22 are optional. A precursor substrate film containing one or more thermoplastic polymers (in illustrative embodiments, one or more types of polyethylene) and, optionally, a nucleating agent dispersed in one or more layers of the precursor substrate film, which is subsequently stretched to form a machine-direction oriented polymeric film 2 according to this disclosure, can be prepared by any suitable film-forming process known in the art or developed in the future. For example, the precursor substrate film can be manufactured by casting or extrusion using blown film, coextrusion, or monolayer extrusion techniques and / or similar methods. In one example, the precursor substrate film can be wound onto a winding reel for subsequent stretching according to this disclosure. In another example, the precursor substrate film can be manufactured in-line using a film-stretching apparatus.Before stretching, the precursor substrate film may have an initial thickness of approximately 50.8. ML / t / ZUZ I / UD I004 micrometers and approximately 381 micrometers. In one example, the precursor substrate film has an initial thickness of approximately 178 micrometers. Although the representative example of a machine-oriented polymer film 2 shown in Fig. 1 includes three layers, it should be understood that the total number of layers in a polymer film according to this disclosure is not restricted. Depending on the extrusion equipment available, one or more additional layers may be provided analogously between the first skin layer 4 and the core layer 6 and / or between the second skin layer 8 and the core layer 6 of the structure 2 shown in Fig. 1. In some embodiments, from 1 to 4 additional layers may be provided between the first skin layer 4 and the core layer 6 and / or between the second skin layer 8 and the core layer 6 of the structure 2 shown in Fig. 1. In some embodiments, a machine-oriented polymer film according to this disclosure may contain three, five, seven, nine, eleven, or more total layers.An example of a representative five-layer structure is provided below. A second embodiment of a machine-oriented polymer film 24 according to the present disclosure is shown in Fig. 3. The machine-oriented polymer film 24 has a five-layer structure and includes a first skin layer 26, a core layer 28, a second skin layer 30, a first sub-skin layer 32 sandwiched between the first skin layer 26 and the core layer 28, and a second sub-skin layer 34 sandwiched between the second skin layer 30 and the core layer 28. Each of the first skin layer 26, the second skin layer 30, the core layer 28, the first sub-skin layer 32, and the second sub-skin layer 34 may include a thermoplastic polymer (or combination of thermoplastic polymers) which, in illustrative embodiments, includes polyethylene.The selection of the thermoplastic polymer or combination of thermoplastic polymers in each of the first skin layer 26, the second skin layer 30, the core layer 28, the first sub-skin layer 32, and the second sub-skin layer 34 is independent of the other layers. However, in some embodiments, the first skin layer 26 includes high-density polyethylene, medium-density polyethylene, and linear medium-density polyethylene. ML / t / ZUZ I / UD I004 linear low-density polyethylene, or a combination thereof. In illustrative embodiments, the first skin layer 26 includes high-density polyethylene. In some embodiments, the second skin layer 30 also includes high-density polyethylene. In further embodiments, each of the first skin layer 26, the second skin layer 30, and the core layer 28 includes high-density polyethylene. In illustrative embodiments, each of the first underskin layer 32 and the second underskin layer 34 includes low-density polyethylene and / or medium-density polyethylene. In illustrative embodiments, each of the first underskin layer 32 and the second underskin layer 34 includes linear low-density polyethylene and / or linear medium-density polyethylene. In illustrative embodiments, each of the first underskin layer 32 and the second underskin layer 34 includes linear medium-density metallocene polyethylene. In some embodiments of the five-layer machine-oriented polymer film 24, each of the first skin layer 26 and the second skin layer 30 independently includes from approximately 5% to approximately 45% by weight of the machine-oriented polymer film; in other embodiments, from approximately 10% to approximately 40%. In some embodiments of the five-layer machine-oriented polymer film 24, each of the first underskin layer 32 and the second underskin layer 34 independently includes from approximately 3% to approximately 25% by weight of the machine-oriented polymer film; in other embodiments, from approximately 5% to approximately 20%.In some embodiments of the five-layer machine-oriented polymer film 24, the core layer 28 comprises from approximately 10% to approximately 80% by weight of the machine-oriented polymer film; in other embodiments, from approximately 10% to approximately 60%. In some embodiments of the five-layer machine-oriented polymer film 24, the first skin layer 26, the first underskin layer 32, the core layer 28, the second underskin layer 34, and the second skin layer 30 are provided, respectively, in amounts of 15 / 15 / 40 / 15 / 15 by weight of the machine-oriented polymer film.In other embodiments, the first skin layer 26, the first underskin layer 32, the core layer 28, the second underskin layer 34, and the second skin layer 30 are provided, respectively, in quantities of 33 / 10 / 14 / 10 / 33 by weight of the machine-oriented polymer film. In further embodiments of the five-layer machine-oriented polymer film 24, the first skin layer 26, the first underskin layer 32, the core layer 28, the second underskin layer 34, and the second skin layer 30 are provided, respectively, in quantities of 15 / 30 / 10 / 30 / 15 by weight of the machine-oriented polymer film.In other additional embodiments of the five-layer machine-oriented polymer film 24, the first skin layer 26, the first underskin layer 32, the core layer 28, the second underskin layer 34, and the second skin layer 30 are provided, respectively, in an amount of 15 / 20 / 30 / 20 / 15 by weight of the machine-oriented polymer film. In illustrative embodiments, as shown in Fig. 3, the first skin layer 26 optionally includes a nucleating agent 36 dispersed therein. In some embodiments, one or both of the second skin layer 30 and the core layer 28 also contain a nucleating agent dispersed therein, which may be the same as or different from the nucleating agent dispersed in the first skin layer 26. For example, as shown in Fig. 3, a second nucleating agent 38 is dispersed in the second skin layer 30. The second nucleating agent 38 may be the same as or different from the nucleating agent 36 dispersed in the first skin layer 26. In some embodiments, a machine-oriented multilayer polymer film according to this disclosure is configured to have oxygen barrier properties (for example, it contains at least one layer—including, but not limited to, a core layer—that includes an oxygen barrier polymer). Representative examples of machine-oriented oxygen barrier polymer films are described below with reference to Figs. 4 and 5. A first realization of a polymer film 56 oriented in the direction A multilayer machine film ML / t / ZUZ I / UD I004 with oxygen barrier properties according to the present disclosure is shown, for example, in Fig. 4. The machine-direction oriented polymer film 56 has at least a five-layer structure comprising a first skin layer 58, a second skin layer 60, a core layer 62, a first coextrusion adhesive layer 64 sandwiched between the first skin layer 58 and the core layer 62, and a second coextrusion adhesive layer 66 sandwiched between the second skin layer 60 and the core layer 62. Each of the first skin layer 58 and the second skin layer 60 may include a thermoplastic polymer (or combination of thermoplastic polymers) which, in illustrative embodiments, includes polyethylene.The selection of the thermoplastic polymer or combination of thermoplastic polymers in each of the first skin layer 58 and the second skin layer 60 is independent of the other layers. However, in some embodiments, the first skin layer 58 includes high-density polyethylene, medium-density polyethylene, linear medium-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), or a combination thereof. In illustrative embodiments, the first skin layer 58 includes high-density polyethylene. In some embodiments, the second skin layer 60 also includes high-density polyethylene. The core layer 62 may include an oxygen barrier polymer, including ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), a polyamide, a polyester, or poly(vinylidene chloride). In illustrative embodiments, the core layer 62 includes ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH). Multilayer films containing adjacent layers of different materials (e.g., polyethylene and EVOH) are prone to delamination and, as a result, may exhibit poor physical properties. To minimize or prevent this tendency, a coextrusion adhesive layer containing a coextrusion adhesive resin can be sandwiched between adjacent layers of different materials. For example, to improve adhesion between a polyethylene-containing layer (e.g., the first skin layer 58 and / or the second skin layer 60 in Fig. 4) and an adjacent oxygen barrier polymer-containing layer (e.g., the core layer 62 in Fig. 4), a coextrusion adhesive layer can be used. ML / t / ZUZ I / UO I004 of interleaved coextrusion adhesive containing an adhesive polymer or coextrusion adhesive resin. In illustrative embodiments, as shown in Fig. 4, the first coextrusion adhesive layer 64 is interleaved between the first skin layer 58 containing HDPE and the core layer 62 containing EVOH, and the second coextrusion adhesive layer 66 is interleaved between the second skin layer 60 containing polyethylene (in some embodiments, the second skin layer 60 containing polyethylene) and the core layer 62 containing EVOH. Each of the first coextrusion adhesive layer 64 and the second coextrusion adhesive layer 66 independently includes a coextrusion adhesive resin, which may be the same or different, and which may be selected based on the specific oxygen barrier polymer contained in the core layer 62.Representative coextrusion adhesive resins for use in accordance with this disclosure include, but are not limited to, ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), ethylene-methyl acrylate (EMA), ethylene-acrylic acid (EAA), ethylene-methacrylic acid (EMAA), ethylene-grafted maleic anhydride (AMP), and the like. In illustrative embodiments, the core layer 62 contains ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), and each of the first coextrusion adhesive layer 64 and the second coextrusion adhesive layer 66 includes an anhydride-modified polyethylene or a copolymer thereof. In addition to a coextrusion adhesive resin, each of the first coextrusion adhesive layer 64 and the second coextrusion adhesive layer 66 may further include a thermoplastic polymer (for example, a polyethylene) which, in illustrative embodiments, includes linear low-density metallocene polyethylene (mlLDPE). Although the representative example of a machine-oriented polymer film 56 having oxygen barrier properties shown in Fig. 4 includes a minimum of five layers, it should be understood that the total number of layers in a polymer film having oxygen barrier properties according to this disclosure is not restricted. Depending on the equipment available for extrusion, one or more additional layers may be provided analogously between the first skin layer 58 and the core layer 62 and / or between the second skin layer 60 and the core layer 62 of the ML / I / UO I004 structure 56 shown in Fig. 4. In some embodiments, 1 to 4 additional layers may be provided between the first skin layer 58 and the core layer 62 and / or between the second skin layer 60 and the core layer 62 of the structure 56 shown in Fig. 4. In some embodiments, a machine-oriented polymer film having oxygen barrier properties according to this disclosure may contain seven, nine, eleven, or more total layers. Similarly, although the representative example of a machine-oriented polymer film 56 having oxygen barrier properties shown in Fig.4 includes a minimum of five layers, a three-layer version of the polymer film 56 is contemplated in which the first coextrusion adhesive layer 64 and the second coextrusion adhesive layer 64 have been omitted from the structure and a coextrusion adhesive resin (for example, approximately 15% by weight) is incorporated directly within each of the first skin layer 58 and the second skin layer 60. In illustrative embodiments, as indicated above, a polymeric film containing polyethylene, as described herein, can be advantageously used in packaging with recyclable materials. However, when two or more polymers (e.g., polyethylene and EVOH) are combined, either as recycle streams or in other blends and alloys, the polymers may not be compatible with each other, resulting in combinations with properties and characteristics unsuitable for recycling. To address this problem, functional additives known as compatibilizers can be used to improve the compatibility of the different polymeric materials.Without wishing to be bound by any particular theory or intending to limit in any way the scope of the appended claims or their equivalents, it is currently believed that the use of a compatibilizing resin acts to reduce the interfacial energy between two different polymers to increase adhesion and / or improve the dispersion of the polar polymers in the polyolefin matrix, so that the turbidity of the resulting structure is minimized. The use of a compatibilizing resin can result in a finer dispersion, as well as more regular and stable morphologies. ML / t / ZUZ I / UD I004 To make a polymer film containing an oxygen barrier film (e.g., EVOH) recyclable, as described herein, a compatibilizer resin is used to facilitate secondary processing and break down the oxygen barrier polymer. Therefore, in illustrative embodiments, the machine-direction-oriented polymer film 56 shown in Fig. 4 may further include one or more compatibilizer layers in its structure, each of these layers containing a compatibilizer resin. An example of a representative nine-layer structure containing compatibilizer layers is described below with reference to Fig. 5. A machine-oriented polymer film 68 having oxygen barrier properties according to the present disclosure is shown, for example, in Fig. 5. The machine-oriented polymer film 68 has a nine-layer structure including a first skin layer 70, a second skin layer 72, a core layer 74, a first coextrusion adhesive layer 76 sandwiched between the first skin layer 70 and the core layer 74, a second coextrusion adhesive layer 78 sandwiched between the second skin layer 72 and the core layer 74, a first compatibilizer layer 80 sandwiched between the first skin layer 70 and the first coextrusion adhesive layer 76, and a second compatibilizer layer 82 sandwiched between the second skin layer 72 and the second coextrusion adhesive layer 78.Each of the first compatibilizing layer 80 and the second compatibilizing layer 82 independently includes a compatibilizing resin, which may be the same or different, and which may be selected based on the specific oxygen barrier polymer contained in the core layer 74. Representative compatibilizing resins for use in accordance with this disclosure include, but are not limited to, maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene. In illustrative embodiments, the compatibilizing resin for use in accordance with this disclosure includes the maleic anhydride-grafted polymer material marketed under the trade name RETAIN 3000 by The Dow Chemical Company (Midlands, Michigan). In illustrative embodiments, each of the first compatibilizing layer 80 and the second compatibilizing layer 82 includes one material. ML / t / ZUZ I / UO I004 polymer grafted with maleic anhydride (for example, RETAIN 3000) as a compatibilizing resin. In addition to a compatibilizing resin, each of the first compatibilizing layer 80 and the second compatibilizing layer 82 may further include a thermoplastic polymer (for example, a polyethylene) which, in illustrative embodiments, includes linear low-density metallocene polyethylene (mlLDPE), a high-density polyethylene, or a combination thereof. At a minimum, the seven layers described above of the machine-oriented polymer film 68 shown in Fig. 5—specifically, the first skin layer 70, the first compatibilizer layer 80, the first coextrusion adhesive layer 76, the core layer 74, the second coextrusion adhesive layer 78, the second compatibilizer layer 82, and the second skin layer 72—can be used to form a recyclable version of a machine-oriented polymer film 68 having oxygen barrier properties according to this disclosure. In some embodiments, however, one or more additional layers may be included. For example, as further shown in Fig.5, the machine-oriented polymer film 68 having oxygen barrier properties according to this disclosure may further include a first underskin layer 84 sandwiched between the first skin layer 70 and the first compatibilizing layer 80 and a second underskin layer 86 sandwiched between the second skin layer 72 and the second compatibilizing layer 82. In illustrative embodiments, each of the first underskin layer 84 and the second underskin layer 86 independently includes a thermoplastic polymer which, in some embodiments, is selected from the group consisting of linear low-density metallocene polyethylene (mlLDPE), high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, ultra-low-density polyethylene, and a combination thereof.In some embodiments, each of the first sub-skin layer 84 and the second sub-skin layer 86 independently includes a thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting of linear low-density metallocene polyethylene (mlLDPE), high-density polyethylene, and a combination thereof. In illustrative embodiments, each of the first sub-skin layer 84 and the second. ML / t / ZUZ I / UO I004 sub-skin layer 86 includes high-density polyethylene. In addition, in illustrative embodiments, each of the first sub-skin layer 84 and the second sub-skin layer 86 further includes a compatibilizing resin, which may be the same as or different from the compatibilizing resins contained, respectively, in the first compatibilizing layer 80 and / or the second compatibilizing layer 82. In illustrative embodiments, each of the first sub-skin layer 84 and the second sub-skin layer 86 includes high-density polyethylene and a polymeric material grafted with maleic anhydride (for example, RETAIN 3000). In some embodiments (not shown), the first skin layer 58 and / or the second skin layer 60 of the machine-oriented polymer film 56 shown in Fig. 4, and the first skin layer 70 and / or the second skin layer 72 of the machine-oriented polymer film 68 shown in Fig. 5, optionally also include a nucleating agent dispersed therein analogously to the structures shown in Figs. 1 and 3 and described above. In some embodiments of the nine-layer machine-oriented polymer film 68 shown in Fig. 5, each of the first skin layer 70 and the second skin layer 72 independently includes from approximately 5% to approximately 45% by weight of the machine-oriented polymer film; in other embodiments, from approximately 10% to approximately 30%. In some embodiments of the nine-layer machine-oriented polymer film 68 shown in Fig. 5, each of the first underskin layer 84 and the second underskin layer 86 independently includes from approximately 5% to approximately 40% by weight of the machine-oriented polymer film; in other embodiments, from approximately 5% to approximately 20%. In some embodiments of the nine-layer machine-oriented polymer film 68 shown in Fig.In some embodiments of the nine-layer machine-oriented polymer film 68 shown in Fig. 5, the core layer 74 includes from approximately 2% to approximately 80% by weight of the machine-oriented polymer film, in other embodiments from approximately 2% to approximately 20%. In some embodiments of the nine-layer machine-oriented polymer film 68 shown in Fig. 5, each of the first compatibilizing layer 80 and the second compatibilizing layer 82 independently includes from approximately 3% to approximately 40% by weight of the machine-oriented polymer film, in other embodiments from approximately 3% to approximately 25%. In some embodiments of the nine-layer machine-oriented polymer film 68 shown in Fig.5, each of the first coextrusion adhesive layer 76 and the second coextrusion adhesive layer 78 independently includes from approximately 3% to approximately 25% by weight of machine-direction oriented polymer film, in other embodiments from approximately 3% to approximately 15%. In some embodiments of the nine-layer machine-oriented polymer film 68 shown in Fig. 5, the first skin layer 70, the first underskin layer 84, the first compatibilizer layer 80, the first coextrusion adhesive layer 76, the core layer 74, the second coextrusion adhesive layer 78, the second compatibilizer layer 82, the second underskin layer 86, and the second skin layer 72 are provided, respectively, in an amount of 16.5 / 14.0 / 10.0 / 7.0 / 5.0 / 7.0 / 10.0 / 14.0 / 16.5 by weight of the machine-oriented polymer film. According to this disclosure, the thermoplastic polymer (or combination of thermoplastic polymers) used to prepare the first skin layer 4, the second skin layer 8, and the core layer 6 of the machine-oriented polymer film 2 shown in Fig. 1, the first skin layer 26, the second skin layer 30, the core layer 28, the first underskin layer 32, and the second underskin layer 34 of the machine-oriented polymer film 24 shown in Fig. 3, the first skin layer 58, the second skin layer 60, the first coextrusion adhesive layer 64, and the second coextrusion adhesive layer 66 of the machine-oriented polymer film 56 shown in Fig. 4, and the thermoplastic polymer (or combination of thermoplastic polymers) used to prepare the first skin layer 70, the The second skin layer 72, the first sub-skin layer 84, the second sub-skin layer 86, the first compatibilizer layer 80, the second compatibilizer layer 82, the first co-extrusion adhesive layer 76, and the second co-extrusion adhesive layer 78 of the machine-direction oriented polymer film 68 shown in Fig. 5 are not restricted and may include all types of thermoplastic polymers. In illustrative embodiments, the thermoplastic polymer is a polyolefin, including, but not limited to, homopolymers, copolymers, terpolymers, and / or combinations thereof. Representative polyolefins that may be used in accordance with this disclosure include, but are not limited to, low-density polyethylene (LDPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), medium-density polyethylene (MDPE), linear medium-density polyethylene (LMDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), metallocene polyethylene (mPE), very low-density polyethylene (VLDPE), linear ultra-low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, polymers prepared using a single-site catalyst, ethylene-maleic anhydride (EMA) copolymers, ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymers, polymers prepared using Zeigler-Natta catalysts, styrene-containing block copolymers, and / or the like, and combinations thereof. Processes for manufacturing LDPE are described in The Wiley Encyclopedia of Packaging Technology, pp. 753-754 (Aaron L. Brody et al., eds., 2nd ed.).1997) and in U.S. Patent No. Q5,399,426, both of which are incorporated herein by reference, except in the case of any disclosure or definition inconsistent with this specification, the disclosure or definition herein shall be deemed to prevail. ULDPE can be produced by a variety of processes, including, but not limited to, gas-phase, solution, and suspension polymerization, as described in The Wiley Encyclopedia of Packaging Technology, pp. 748-50 (Aaron L. Brody et al., eds., 2nd ed., 1997), incorporated herein by reference, except in the case of any disclosure or definition inconsistent with this specification, the disclosure or definition herein shall be deemed to prevail. ULDPE can be manufactured using a Ziegler-Natta catalyst, although many other catalysts may also be used.For example, ULDPE can be manufactured using a metallocene catalyst. Alternatively, ULDPE can be manufactured using a catalyst that is a hybrid of a metallocene catalyst and a Ziegler-Natta catalyst. Processes for manufacturing ULDPE are also described in U.S. Patent No. 5,399,426, U.S. Patent No. 4,668,752, U.S. Patent No. 3,058,963, U.S. Patent No. 2,905,645, U.S. Patent No. 2,862,917, and U.S. Patent No. 2,699,457, each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, except that in the case of any disclosure or definition inconsistent with this specification, the disclosure or definition herein shall be deemed to prevail. The density of ULDPE is achieved by copolymerizing ethylene with a sufficient amount of one or more monomers.In illustrative embodiments, the monomers are selected from 1-butene, 1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1-octene, and combinations thereof. Processes for manufacturing propylene are described in Kirk-Othmer Concise Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, pp. 1420-1421 (Jacqueline I. Kroschwitz et al., eds., 4th ed., 1999), which is incorporated herein by reference, except in the case of any disclosure or definition inconsistent with this specification, the disclosure or definition herein shall be deemed to prevail. In illustrative embodiments, a polyolefin for use in accordance with this disclosure includes polyethylene. In one example, the polyethylene includes a combination of low-density polyethylene and high-density polyethylene. In another example, the polyethylene includes a combination of low-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, and metallocene polyethylene. In another example, the polyolefin includes a combination of linear low-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, and low-density polyethylene. In a further example, the polyolefin includes a combination of linear low-density polyethylene and low-density polyethylene. In a further example, the polyolefin includes a combination of linear low-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, and low-density polyethylene. ML / t / ZUZ I / UD I004 In addition to containing one or more thermoplastic polymers and an optional nucleating agent, one or more of the first skin layer 4, the second skin layer 8 and the core layer 6 of the machine-direction oriented polymer film 2 shown in Fig. 1, one or more of the first skin layer 26, the second skin layer 30, the core layer 28, the first sub-skin layer 32 and the second sub-skin layer 34 of the machine-direction oriented polymer film 24 shown in Fig. 3, one or more of the first skin layer 58, the second skin layer 60, the first co-extrusion adhesive layer 64, and the second co-extrusion adhesive layer 66 shown in Fig.4, and one or more of the first skin layer 70, the second skin layer 72, the first underskin layer 84, the second underskin layer 86, the first compatibilizer layer 80, the second compatibilizer layer 82, the first coextrusion adhesive layer 76, the second coextrusion adhesive layer 78, and the core layer 74 shown in Fig. 5 may optionally contain one or more additional components to improve the film properties or the processing of the machine-oriented polymer film or of the unstretched substrate films that are precursors to the machine-oriented polymer films. Representative optional components include, but are not limited to, antioxidants (e.g., added to reduce the tendency of the film to discolor over time) and processing aids (e.g., added to facilitate the extrusion of the precursor film).In one example, the amount of one or more antioxidants in the precursor film is less than approximately 1% by weight of the film, and the amount of one or more processing aids is less than approximately 5% by weight of the film. Additional optional additives include, but are not limited to, antistatic agents, UV agents (e.g., UV blockers, UV stabilizers, UV adsorbents, and / or the like), antiblocking agents (e.g., diatomaceous earth), and slip agents (e.g., erucamide), which may be added to allow the film to wind or unwind properly and to facilitate secondary processing. In one example, the amount of one or more antiblocking agents and / or one or more slip agents is less than approximately ML / t / ZUZ I / UO I004 5% by weight of the film. Other optional additives include, but are not limited to, aromas, deodorants, pigments, noise-reducing agents and / or similar substances, and combinations thereof. In one example, the amount of one or more aromas, deodorants, pigments other than white, and / or noise-reducing agents is less than approximately 10% by weight of the film. In illustrative embodiments, a process for preparing a machine-oriented polymer film according to this disclosure (e.g., films 2, 24, 56, and 68) includes (a) preheating a precursor film of a type described herein (e.g., an unstretched multilayer film) to or below the melting temperature of a polymer contained in the precursor film to form a preheated precursor film, (b) stretching the preheated precursor film in the machine direction at a stretch ratio greater than or equal to approximately 5:1 at a temperature below the melting temperature of the polymer to form a machine-oriented stretched film, (c) annealing the machine-oriented stretched film to form the machine-oriented polymer film,and (d) cooling the machine-oriented polymer film after annealing. An example of a process for preparing a machine-oriented polymer film according to this disclosure (e.g., films 2, 24, 56, and 68) is shown in simplified form in Fig. 6. For example, a precursor film 40 prepared by an extrusion process (not shown) advancing in a direction 42 enters a preheating section 44 before stretching. In some embodiments, preheating can be achieved by advancing the film over 2-3 heated rollers. The objective of the preheating stage is to uniformly raise the temperature of the film 40 to the orientation temperature. In illustrative embodiments, the roller and film temperature for HDPE-type films is between approximately 76.6°C (170°F) and approximately 126.6°C (260°F) (in other embodiments between approximately 76.6°C (200°F) and approximately 126.6°C (260°F)).In illustrative embodiments, the preheating rollers are heated at the upper end of this range to improve optical properties such as brightness and haze. As a general rule, the precursor film can be preheated to a temperature that is approximately 10 to approximately 20 degrees lower than the polymer's melt temperature, thereby facilitating stretching at higher stretch ratios and preventing sticking to the rollers. The preheated precursor film exits the preheating section 44 and enters the stretching section 46, as shown in Fig. 6. In the stretching section 46, the preheated precursor film is stretched in the machine direction at a ratio greater than or equal to approximately 3:1 at a temperature below the melting temperature of the polymer to form a machine-stretched film.In illustrative embodiments, the stretch ratio is greater than or equal to approximately 3.5:1, in some embodiments greater than or equal to 4:1, in some embodiments greater than or equal to approximately 5:1, in some embodiments greater than or equal to approximately 6:1, in some embodiments greater than or equal to approximately 7:1, in some embodiments greater than or equal to approximately 8:1, in some embodiments greater than or equal to approximately 9:1, in some embodiments greater than or equal to approximately 10:1, in some embodiments greater than or equal to approximately 11:1 and in some embodiments greater than or equal to approximately 12:1. In illustrative embodiments, the stretch ratio is between approximately 5.5:1 and approximately 6.5:1. The preheated precursor film is drawn through a pair of heated draw rollers in a corrugated S-configuration to the desired stretch ratio and final film thickness. In illustrative embodiments, the temperature of the heated roller and the film is similar to that of the preheated rollers in the preheating section 44. For example, in illustrative embodiments, the temperature of the heated roller and the film is approximately 10 to approximately 20 degrees lower than the melting temperature of a skin layer (e.g., a skin layer containing HDPE, a skin layer containing [unspecified material], or a skin layer containing LMDPE). In some In MA / t / ZUZ I / UO I004 embodiments, the preheated precursor film is stretched to a 10:1 ratio or higher, depending on the application. In some embodiments, the preheated precursor film is stretched at a stretch ratio of approximately 3:1 to approximately 10:1. In illustrative embodiments, the preheated precursor film is stretched at a stretch ratio of approximately 4:1 to approximately 8:1, and in further illustrative embodiments, at a stretch ratio of at least approximately 6:1. By way of example, for a stretch ratio of 6:1, a preheated precursor film having an initial thickness of 146 micrometers would be stretched to provide a machine-direction oriented stretched film having a thickness of 24.4 micrometers.In the stretching section 46, the gap between the two draw rollers should be as narrow as possible to prevent excessive narrowing during film stretching. In illustrative embodiments, the draw roller temperatures in the stretching section may range from approximately 76.6°C (170°F) to approximately 126.6°C (260°F) for preheated HDPE-based precursor films. The machine-oriented drawn film exits the drawing section 46 and enters the annealing section 48 shown in Fig. 6. In the annealing section 48, the machine-oriented drawn film is heat-treated to lock in the film's final properties. The first annealing roll after the drawing section 46 typically rotates at a reduced speed to allow for some relaxation, which helps minimize waviness and shortening when the film is subsequently exposed to heat in downstream converting stages. The annealing rolls are typically set to the same temperature as the draw rolls.In illustrative embodiments, the roll temperatures in annealing section 48 are in the range of approximately 51.6°C (125°F) to approximately 126.6°C (260°F) (in some embodiments, from approximately 93.3°C (200°F) to approximately 126.6°C (260°F)). In some embodiments, multiple rolls of larger outside diameter may be provided in annealing section 48 for augmentation. ML / t / ZUZ I / UD I004 the contact time between the film and the roller, which improves the efficiency of the annealing. The machine-oriented polymer film exits the annealing section 48 and enters the cooling section 50 shown in Fig. 6. In the cooling section 50, the machine-oriented polymer film is cooled to room temperature for rewinding onto a reel. Since the film shortens during this stage, cooling is achieved in a stepwise process using 3 to 4 rollers to minimize the possibility of wrinkles or surface defects. In illustrative embodiments, the roller temperature in the cooling section 50 decreases from approximately 121.1°C (250 °F) to approximately 60.0°C (140 °F), and in other embodiments, from approximately 121.1°C (250 °F) to approximately 21.1°C (70 °F). In illustrative embodiments, a process for preparing a machine-oriented polymer film 2 according to this disclosure further includes (e) coextruding at least a first composition, a second composition, and a third composition to form the precursor film, the first composition forming the first skin layer, the second composition forming the core layer, and the third composition forming the second skin layer, wherein the first and third compositions are either identical or different. In some embodiments, the coextrusion is achieved by a blown film process, and in other embodiments, by a cast film process. In some embodiments, the coextrusion, preheating, stretching, and annealing are achieved sequentially in an in-line process.In other embodiments, coextrusion is carried out in a single process, and preheating, stretching, and annealing are carried out in a separate process. In illustrative embodiments, a process for preparing a machine-oriented polymer film 2 according to this disclosure further includes (f) treating the machine-oriented polymer film (for example, to improve a printing surface and / or a lamination surface on the). ML / t / ZUZ I / UD I004 same). Representative types of treatments include, but are not limited to, corona, flame, and plasma treatments. In illustrative embodiments, as indicated above, a machine-direction oriented polymer film prepared in accordance with the present disclosure (e.g., films 2, 24, 56, and 68) may have a reduced machine-direction yield strength at break (i.e., elongation), a 1% increase in the machine-direction secant modulus (i.e., stiffness), reduced haze, increased gloss, increased machine-direction tensile strength at break, reduced thickness, or a combination of one or more of these physical properties, as compared to polymeric. In illustrative embodiments, a machine-oriented polymer film according to this disclosure exhibits a reduced machine-direction yield strength (i.e., elongation) compared to conventional polymer films of similar thickness. In one example, a machine-oriented polymer film according to this disclosure has a machine-direction yield strength of less than approximately 300%. In another example, a machine-oriented polymer film according to this disclosure has a machine-direction yield strength of less than approximately 200%. In yet another example, a machine-oriented polymer film according to this disclosure has a machine-direction yield strength of less than approximately 100%.In another example, a machine-oriented polymer film according to this disclosure has a machine-direction yield strength at break of less than approximately 50%. In a further example, a machine-oriented polymer film according to this disclosure has a machine-direction yield strength at break of less than approximately 30%. In a further example, a machine-oriented polymer film according to this disclosure has a machine-direction yield strength at break of less than approximately 25%. In a further example, a... MA / t / ZUZ I / UO I004 machine-oriented polymer film according to the present disclosure has a yield strength at break in the machine direction of less than approximately 20%. The yield strength at break in the machine direction of a machine-oriented polymer film, as described herein, may have one of several different values ​​or fall within one of several different ranges. For example, for a machine-oriented polymer film ML / t / ZUZ I / UD I004 machine direction having a thickness of less than approximately 50.8 micrometers - in some embodiments, less than approximately 48.3 micrometers, 45.7 micrometers, 43.2 micrometers, 40.6 micrometers, 38.1 micrometers, 35.6 micrometers, 33.0 micrometers, 30.5 micrometers, 27.9 micrometers, 25.4 micrometers, 22.9 micrometers, 20.3 micrometers, 17.8 micrometers, 15.2 micrometers, 12.7 micrometers or 10.2 micrometers - is Within the scope of this disclosure, select a yield strength at break in the machine direction that is less than or equal to one of the following values: approximately 300%, 299%, 298%, 297%, 296%, 295%, 294%, 293%, 292%, 291%, 290%, 289%, 288%, 287%, 286%, 285%, 284%, 283% 282%, 281%, 280%, 279%, 278%, 277%, 276%, 275%, 274%, 273%, 272% 271%, 270%, 269%, 268%, 267%, 266%, 265%, 264%, 263%, 262%, 261% 260%, 259%, 258%, 257%, 256%, 255%, 254%, 253%, 252%, 251%, 250% 249%, 248%, 247%, 246%, 245%, 244%, 243%, 242%, 241%, 240%, 239% 238%, 227%, 216%, 205%, 194%, 183%, 172%, 161%, 150%, 139% 237%, 236%, 226%, 225%, 215%, 214%, 204%, 203%, 193%, 192%, 182%, 181%, 171%, 170%, 160%, 159%, 149%, 148%, 138%, 137% 235 %, 234 %, 224 %, 223 %, 213 %, 212 %, 202 %, 201 %, 191 %, 190%, 180 %, 179 %, 169 %, 168 %, 158%, 157%, 147%, 146%, 136%, 135%, 233 %, 232 %, 222 %, 221 %, 211 %, 210 %, 200 %, 199 %, 189%, 188%, 178%, 177%, 167%, 166%, 156%, 155%, 145%, 144%, 134%, 133%, 231 %, 230 %, 220 %, 219 %, 209 %, 208 %, 198 %, 197 %, 187 %, 186 %, 176 %, 175 %, 165 %, 164 %, 154 %, 153 %, 143 %, 142 %, 132 %, 131 %, 229 %, 228 %, 218%, 217%, 207 %, 206 %, 196 %, 195 %, 185%, 184%, 174 %, 173 %, 163 %, 162 %, 152%, 151 %, 141 %, 140 %, 130 %, 129 %, 128 %, 127 %, 126 %, 125 %, 124 %, 123 %, 122 %, 121 %, 120 %, 119 %, 118 % 117%, 116%, 115%, 114%, 113%, 112%, 111 %, 110%, 109%, 108%, 107%, 106 %, 105 %, 104 %, 103 %, 102 %, 101 %, 100 %, 99 %, 98 %, 97 %, 96 %, 95 %, ΜΛ / t / ZUZ I / UD I004%, 93%, 92%, 91%, 90%, 89%, 88%, 87%, 86%, 85%, 84%, 83%, 82%, 80%, 79%, 78%, 77%, 76%, 75%, 74%, 73%, 72%, 71%, 70%, 69%, 67%, 66%, 65%, 64%, 63%, 62%, 61%, 60%, 59%, 58%, 57%, 56%, 54%, 53%, 52%, 51%, 50%, 49%, 48%, 47%, 46%, 45%, 44%, 43%, 41%, 40%, 39%, 38%, 37% 36%, 35% 34%, 33%, 32%, 31%, 30%, 28%, 27%, 26%, 25%, 24%, 23%, 22%, 21%, 20%, 19%, 18%, 17%, % OR 15%. It is also within the scope of this disclosure that the machine-direction tensile strength of machine-oriented polymer film lies within one of several different ranges. In a first set of ranges, the machine-direction tensile strength for a machine-oriented polymer film having a thickness of less than approximately 50.8 micrometers—in Some realizations, less than approximately 48.3 micrometers, 45.7 micrometers, 43.2 micrometers, 40.6 micrometers, 38.1 micrometers, 35.6 micrometers, 33.0 micrometers, 30.5 micrometers, 27.9 micrometers, 25.4 micrometers, 22.9 micrometers, 20.3 micrometers, 17.8 micrometers, 15.2 micrometers, 12.7 micrometers, or 10.2 micrometers—is in one of the following ranges: from approximately 10% to 300%, from 11% to 299%, from 12% to 298%, from 13% to 297%, from 14% to 296%, from 15% to 295%, from 16% to 294%, from 17% to 293%, from 18% to 292%, from 19% to 291%, from 20% to 290%, from 21% to 289%, from 22% to 288%, from 23% to 287%, from 24% to 286%, from 25% to 285%, from 26% to 284%, from 27% to 283%, from 28% to 282%, from 29% to 281%, from 30% to 280%, from 31% to 279%, from 32% to 278%, from 33% to 277%, from 34% to 276%, from 35% to 275%, from 36% to 274%, from 37% to 273%, from 38% to 272%, from 39% to 271% %, from 40% to 270%, from 41% to 269%, from 42% to 268%, from 43% to 267%, from 44% to 266%, from 45% to 265%, from 46% to 264%, from 47% to 263%, from 48% to 262%, from 49% to 261%, from 50% to 260%, from 51% to 259%, from 52% to 258%, from 53% to 257%, from 54% to 256%, from 55% to 255%, from 56% to 254%, from 57% to 253%, from % to 252%, from 59% to 251%, from 60% to 250%, from 61% to 249%, from 62% to 248%, from 63% to 247%, from 64% to 246%, from 65% to 245%, from 66% to 244%, from 67% to 243%, from 68% to 242%, from 69% to 241%, from 70% to 240%, from 71% to 239%, from 72% to 238%, from 73 % of 237 %, of 74% to 236%, 75% to 235%, 76% to 234%, 77% to 233%, 78% to 232%, 79% to 231%, 80% to 230%, 81% to 229%, 82% to 228%, 83% to 227 %, from 84% to 226%, from ΜΛ / t / ZUZ I / UO I004 % of 225 %, of 86 % of 224 %, of 87 % of 223 %, of 88 % of 222 %, of 89 % of 221%, from 90% to 220%, from 91% to 219%, from 92% to 218%, from 93% to 217%, from 94% to 216%, from 95% to 215%, from 96% to 214%, from 97% to 213%, from 98% to 212%, from 99% to 211%, from 100% to 210%, from 101% to 209%, from 102% to 208%, from 103% to 207%, from 104% to 206%, from 105% to 205%, from 106% to 204%, from 107% to 203%, from 108% to 202%, from 109% to 201%, from 110% to 200%, from 111% to 199%, from 112% to 198%, from 113% to 197%, from 114% to 196%, from 115% to 195%, from 116% to 194%, from 117% to 193%, from 118% to 192%, from 119% to 191%, from 120% to 190%, from 121% to 189%, from 122% to 188%, from 123% to 187%, from 124% to 186%, from 125% to 185%, from 126% to 184%, from 127% to 183%, from 128% to 182%, from 129% to 181%, from 130% to 180%, from 131% to 179%, from 132% to 178%, from 133% to 177%, from 134% to 176%, from 135% to 175%, from 136% to 174%, from 137% to 173%, from 138% to 172%, from 139% to 171%, from 140% to 170%, from 141% to 169%, from 142% to 168%, from 143% to 167%, from 144% to 166%, from 145% to 165%, from 146% to 164%, from 147% to 163%, from 148% to 162%, from 149% to 161%, from 150% to 160%, from 151% to 159%, from 152% to 158%, from 153% to 157% or from 154% to 156%. In a second set of intervals, the yield strength at break in the machine direction for a machine-oriented polymer film having a thickness of less than approximately 50.8 micrometers—in some embodiments, less than approximately 48.3 micrometers, 45.7 micrometers, 43.2 micrometers, 40.6 micrometers, 38.1 micrometers, 35.6 micrometers, 33.0 micrometers, 30.5 micrometers, 27.9 micrometers, 25.4 micrometers, 22.9 micrometers, 20.3 micrometers, 17.8 micrometers, 15.2 micrometers, 12.7 micrometers, or 10.2 micrometers—is in one of the following intervals: from approximately 11% to 300%, from 12% to 300%, from 13% to 300%, from 14% to 300%, from 15% to 300%, from 16% to 300%, from 17% to 300%, from 18% to 300%, from 19% to 300%, from 20% to 300%, from 21% to 300%, from 22% to 300%, from 23% to 300%, from 24% to 300%, from 25% to 300%, from 26% to 300%, from 27% to 300%, from 28% to 300%from 29% to 300%, from 30% to 300%, from 31% to 300%, from 32% to 300%, from 33% to 300%, from 34% to 300%, from 35% to 300%, from 36% to 300%, from 37% to 300%, from 38% to 300%, from 39% to 300%, from 40% to 300%, from 41% to 300%, from 42% to 300%, from 43% to 300%, from 44% to 300%, from 45% to 300%, from 46% to 300%, from 47% to 300%, from 48% to 300%, from 49% to 300%, from 50% to 300%, from 51 % to 300%, from 52% to 300%, from 53% to 300%, from 54% to 300%, from 55% to 300%, from 56% to 300%, from 57% to 300%, from 58% to 300%, from 59% to 300%, from 60% to 300%, from 61% to 300%, from 62% to 300%, from 63% to 300%, from 64% to 300%, from 65% to 300%, from 66% to 300%, from 67% to 300%, from 68% to 300%, from 69% to 300%, from 70% to 300%, from 71% to 300%, from 72% to 300%, from 73% to 300%, from 74% to 300%, from 75% to 300%, from 76% to 300%, from 77% to 300%, from 78% to 300%, from 79% to 300%, from 80% to 300%, from 81% to 300%, from 82% to 300%, from 83% to 300%, from 84% to 300%, from 85% to 300%, from 86% to 300%from 87% to 300%, from 88% to 300%, from 89% to 300%, from 90% to 300%, from 91% to 300%, from 92% to 300%, from 93% to 300%, from 94% to 300%, from 95% to 300%, from 96% to 300%, from 97% to 300%, from 98% to 300%, from 99% to 300%, from 100% to 300%, from 101% to 300%, from 102% to 300%, from 103% to 300%, from 104% to 300%, from 105% to, 300%, from 106% to 300%, from 107% to 300%, from 108% to 300%, from 109% to 300%, from 110% to 300%, from 111% to 300%, from 112% to 300%, from 113% to 300%, from 114% to 300%, from 115% to 300%, from 116% to 300%, from 117% to 300%, from 118% to 300%, from 119% to 300%, from 120% to 300%, from 121% to 300%, from 122% to 300%, from 123% to 300%, from 124% to 300%, from 125% to 300%, from 126% to 300%, from 127% to 300%, from 128% to 300%, from 129% to 300%, from 130% to 300%, from 131% to 300%, from 132% to 300%, from 133% to 300%, from 134% to 300%, from 135% to 300%, from 136% to 300%, from 137% to 300%, from 138% to 300%, from 139% to 300%, from 140% to 300%, from 141% to MA / I / UD I004 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 142% to 300%, from 146% to 300%, from 150% to 300%, from 154% to 300%, from 158% to 300%, from 162% to 300%, from 166% to 300%, from 170% to 300%, from 174% to 300%, from 178% to 300%, from 182% to 300%, from 186% to 300%, from 190% to 300%, from 194% to 300%, from 198% to 300%, from 202% to 300%, from 206% to 300%, from 210% to 300%, from 214% to 300%, of 218% to 300%, from 222% to 300%, from 226% to 300%, from 230% to 300%, from 234% to 300%, from 238% to 300%, from 242% to 300%, from 246% to 300%, from 250% to 300%, from 254% to 300%, from 258% to 300%, from 262% to 300%, of 143% to 300%, from 147% to 300%, from 151% to 300%, from 155% to 300%, from 159% to 300%, from 163% to 300%, from 167% to 300%, from 171% to 300%, from 175% to 300%, from 179% to 300%, from 183% to 300%, from 187% to 300%, from 191% to 300%, from 195% to 300%, from 199% to 300%, from 203% to 300%, from 207% to 300%, from 211% to 300%, from 215% to 300%, from 219% to 300%, of 223% to 300%, from 227% to 300%, from 231% to 300%, from 235% to 300%, from 239% to 300%, from 243% to 300%, from 247% to 300%, from 251% to 300%, from 255% to 300%, from 259% to 300%, from 263% to 300%, of 144% to 300%, from 148% to 300%, from 152% to 300%, from 156% to 300%, from 160% to 300%, from 164% to 300%, from 168% to 300%, from 172% to 300%, from 176% to 300%, from 180% to 300%, from 184% to 300%, from 188% to 300%, from 192% to 300%, from 196% to 300%, from 200% to 300%, from 204% to 300%, from 208% to 300%, from 212% to 300%, from 216% to 300%, from 220 % to 300%, from 224% to 300%, from 228% to 300%, from 232% to 300%, from 236% to 300%, from 240% to 300%, from 244% to 300%, from 248% to 300%, from 252% to 300%, from 256% to 300%, from 260% to 300%, from 264% to 300%, of 145 149 153 157 161 165 169 173 177 181 185 189 193 197 201 205 209 213 217 221 225 229 233 237 241 245 249 253 257 261 265 % a % a % a % a % a % a % a % a % a % a % a % a % a % a % a % a % a % a % a % a % a % a % a % a % a % a % a % a % a % a 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300% of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 266% a 270% to 274% to 278% to 282% a 286% a 290% to 294% to 300% of 300% of 300%, of 300%, of 300% of 300% of 300% of 300%, of 267% to 271% to 275% to 279% to 283% a 287% to 291% to 295% to 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 300%, of 268% 272% 276 % 280 % 284 % 288 % 292 % 296% to 300%, to 300%, to 300%, to 300%, to 300%, to 300%, to 300%, to 300%, from 269% to from 273% to from 29% to 25% to 81% to 29% a of 293% a of 297% a ΜΛ / t / ZUZ I / UO I004 300%, 298% to 300% or 299% to 300%. In a third set of intervals, the yield strength at break in the machine direction for a machine-oriented polymer film having a thickness of less than approximately 50.8 micrometers—in some embodiments, less than approximately 48.3 micrometers, 45.7 micrometers, 43.2 micrometers, 40.6 micrometers, 38.1 micrometers, 35.6 micrometers, 33.0 micrometers, 30.5 micrometers, 27.9 micrometers, 25.4 micrometers, 22.9 micrometers, 20.3 micrometers, 17.8 micrometers, 15.2 micrometers, 12.7 micrometers, or 10.2 micrometers—is in one of the following intervals: from approximately 10% to 299%, from 10% to 298%, from 10% to 297%, from 10% to 296%, from 10% to 295%, from 10% to 294%, from 10% to 293%, from 10% to 292%, from 10% to 291%, from 10% to 290%, from 10% to 289%, from 10% to 288%, from 10% to 287%, from 10% to 286%, from 10% to 285%, from 10% to 284%, from 10% to 283%, from 10% to 282%, from 10% to 281%from 10% to 280%, from 10% to 279%, from 10% to 278%, from 10% to 277%, from 10% to 276%, from 10% to 275%, from 10% to 274%, from 10% to 273%, from 10% to, 272%, from 10% to 271%, from 10% to 270%, from 10% to 269%, from 10% to 268%, from 10% to 267%, from 10% to 266%, from 10% to 265%, from 10% to 264%, from 10% to 263%, from 10% to 262%, from 10% to 261%, from 10% to 260%, from 10% to 259%, from 10% to 258%, from 10% to 257%, from 10% to 256%, from 10% to 255%, from 10% to 254%, from 10% to 253%, from 10% to 252%, from 10% to 251%, from 10% to 250% %, from 10% to 249%, from 10% to 248%, from 10% to 247%, from 10% to 246%, from 10% to 245%, from 10% to 244%, from 10% to 243%, from 10% to 242%, from 10% to 241%, from 10% to 240%, from 10% to 239%, from 10% to 238%, from 10% to 237%, from 10% to 236%, from 10% to 235%, from 10% to 234%, from 10% to 233%, from 10% to 232%, from 10% to 231%, from 10% to 230%, from 10% to 229%, from 10% to 228%, from 10% to 227%, from 10% to 226%, from 10% to 225%, from 10% to 224%, from 10% to 223%, from 10% to 222%, from 10% to 221%, from 10% to 220%, from 10% to 219%, from 10% to 218%, from 10% to 217%, from 10% to 216%, from 10% to 215%, from 10% to 214%, from 10% to 213%, from 10% to 212%, from 10% to 211%, from 10% to 210%, from 10% to 209%, from 10% to 208%, from 10% to 207%, from 10% to 206%, from 10% to 205%, from 10% to 204%, from 10% to 203%, from 10% to 202%, from 10% to 201%, from 10% to 200%, from 10% to 199%, from 10% to 198%, from 10% to 197%, from 10% to 196%, from 10% to 195%, from 10% to 194%, from 10% to 193%, from 10% to 192%, from 10% to 191%, from 10% to 190%, from 10% to 189%, from 10% to 188%, from 10% to 187%, from 10% to 186%, from 10% to 185%, from 10% to 184%, from 10% to 183%, from 10% to 182%, from 10% to 181%, from 10% to 180%, from 10% to 179%, from 10% to 178%from 10% to 177%, from 10% to 176%, from 10% to 175%, from 10% to 174%, from 10% to 173%, from 10% to 172%, from 10% to 171%, from 10% to 170%, from 10% to 169%, from 10% to 168%, from 10% to 167%, from 10% to 166%, from 10% to 165%, from 10% to 164%, from 10% to 163%, from 10% to 162%, from 10% to 161%, from 10% to 160%, from 10% to 159%, from 10% to 158%, from 10% to 157%, from 10% to 156%, from 10 % to 155%, from 10% to 154%, from 10% to 153%, from 10% to 152%, from 10% to 151%, from 10% to 150%, from 10% to 149%, from 10% to 148%, from 10% to 147%, from 10% to 146%, from 10% to 145%, from 10% to 144%, from 10% to 143%, from 10% to 142%, from 10% to 141%, from 10% to 140%, from 10% to 139%, from 10% to 138%, from 10% to 137%, from 10% to 136%, from 10% to 135%, from 10% to 134%, from 10% to 133%, from 10% to 132%, from 10% to 131%, from 10% to 130%, from 10% to 129%, from 10% to 128%, from 10% to 127%, from 10% to 126%, from 10% to 125%, from 10% to 124%, from 10% to 123%, from 10% to 122%, from 10% to 121%, from 10% to 120%from 10% to 119%, from 10% to 118%, from 10% to 117%, from 10% to 116%, from 10% to 115%, from 10% to 114%, from 10% to 113%, from 10% to 112%, from 10% to 111%, from 10% to 110%, from 10% to 109%, from 10% to 108%, from 10% to 107%, from 10% to 106%, from 10% to 105%, from 10% to 104%, from 10% to 103%, from 10% to 102%, from 10% to 101%, from 10% to 100%, from 10% to 99%, from 10% to 98% %, from 10% to 97%, of, ΜΛ / I / UO I004 % to 96 %, 10 % to 95 %, 10 % to 94 %, 10 % to 93 %, 10 % to 92 %, % to 91 %, 10 % to 90 %, 10 % to 89 %, 10 % to 88 %, 10 % to 87 %, % to 86 %, 10 % to 85 %, 10 % to 84 %, 10 % to 83 %, 10 % to 82 %, % to 81 %, 10 % to 80 %, 10 % to 79 %, 10 % to 78 %, 10 % to 77 %, % to 76 %, 10 % to 75 %, 10 % to 74 %, from 10% to 73%, from 10% to 72%, from % to 71%, from 10% to 70%, from 10% to 69%, from 10% to 68%, from 10% to 67%, from % to 66%, from 10% to 65%, from 10% to 64%, from 10% to 63%, from 10% to 62%, from % to 61%, from 10% to 60%, from 10% to 59%, from 10% to 58%, from 10% to 57%, from % to 56%, from 10% to 55%, from 10% to 54%, from 10% to 53%, from 10% to 52%, from % a 51%, of 10% a 50%, from 10% to 49%, from 10% to 48%, from 10% to 47%, from % to 46%, from 10% to 45%, from 10% to 44%, from 10% to 43%, from 10% to 42%, from % to 41%, from 10% to 40%, from 10% to 39%, from 10% to 38%, from 10% to 37%, from % to 36%, from 10% to 35%, from 10% to 34%, from 10% to 33%, from 10% to 32%,from % to 31%, from 10% to 30%, from 10% to 29%, from 10% to 28%, from 10% to 27%, from % to 26%, from 10% to 25%, from 10% to 24%, from 10% to 23%, from 10% to 22%, from % to 21%, from 10% to 20%, from 10% to 19%, from 10% to 18%, from 10% to 17%, from 10% to 16%, from 10% to 15%, from 10% to 14%, from 10% to 13% or from 10% to 12%. In illustrative embodiments, the yield strength at break in the machine direction for a machine-oriented polymer film having a thickness of less than approximately 50.8 micrometers—in some embodiments, less than approximately 48.3 micrometers, 45.7 micrometers, 43.2 micrometers, 40.6 micrometers, 38.1 micrometers, 35.6 micrometers, 33.0 micrometers, 30.5 micrometers, 27.9 micrometers, 25.4 micrometers, 22.9 micrometers, 20.3 micrometers, 17.8 micrometers, 15.2 micrometers, 12.7 micrometers, or 10.2 micrometers—is between approximately 20% and approximately 60%. The 1% machine-direction secant modulus of a machine-direction-oriented polymer film according to this disclosure may have one of several different values ​​or fall within one of several different ranges. For example, for a machine-direction-oriented polymer film having a thickness of less than approximately 51 micrometers—in some embodiments, less than approximately 48 micrometers, ML / t / ZUZ I / UD I004 micrometers, 43 micrometers, 41 micrometers, 38 micrometers, 36 micrometers, micrometers, 30 micrometers, 28 micrometers, 25 micrometers, 23 micrometers, micrometers, 18 micrometers, 15 micrometers, 13 micrometers or 10 micrometers ML / t / ZUZ I / UO 1004 is included within the scope of this disclosure. Select a 1% secant modulus in the machine direction that is greater than or equal to one of the following values: approximately 10.350 MPa; 10.419 MPa; 10.488 MPa; 10.557MPa; 10.626 MPa; 10.695 MPa; 10.764 MPa; 10.833 MPa; 10.902 MPa; 10.971 MPa; 11.040 MPa; 11.109 MPa; 11.178 MPa; 11.247 MPa; 11.316 MPa; 11.385 MPa; 11.454 MPa; 11.523 MPa; 11.592 MPa; 11.661 MPa; 11.730 MPa; 11.799 MPa; 11.868 MPa; 11.937 MPa; 12.006 MPa; 12.075 MPa; 12.144 MPa; 12.213 MPa; 12.282 MPa; 12.351 MPa; 12.420 MPa; 12.489 MPa; 12.558 MPa; 12.627 MPa; 12.696 MPa; 12.765 MPa; 12.834 MPa; 12.903 MPa; 12.972 MPa; 13.041 MPa; 13.110 MPa; 13.179 MPa; 13.248 MPa; 13.317 MPa; 13.386 MPa; 13.455 MPa; 13.524 MPa; 13.593 MPa; 13.662 MPa; 13.731 MPa; 13.800 MPa; 13.869 MPa; 13.938 MPa; 14.007 MPa; 14.076 MPa; 14.145 MPa; 14.214 MPa; 14.283 MPa; 14.352 MPa; 14.421 MPa; 14.490 MPa; 14.559 MPa; 14.628 MPa; 14.697 MPa; 14.766 MPa; 14.835 MPa; 14.904 MPa; 14.973 MPa; 15.042 MPa; 15.111 MPa; 15.180 MPa; 15.249 MPa; 15.318 MPa; 15.387 MPa; 15.456 MPa; 15.525 MPa; 15.594 MPa; 15.663 MPa; 15.732 MPa; 15.801 MPa; 15.870 MPa; 15.939 MPa; 16.008 MPa; 16.077 MPa; 16.146 MPa; 16.215 MPa; 16.284 MPa; 16.353 MPa; 16.422 MPa; 16.491 MPa; 16.560 MPa; 16.629 MPa; 16.698 MPa; 16.767 MPa; 16.836 MPa; 16.905 MPa; 16.974 MPa; 17.043 MPa; 17.112 MPa; 17.181 MPa; 17.250 MPa; 17.319 MPa; 17.388 MPa; 17.457 MPa; 17.526 MPa; 17.595 MPa; 17.664 MPa; 17.733 MPa; 17.802 MPa; 17.871 MPa; 17.940 MPa; 18.009 MPa; 18.078 MPa; 18.147 MPa; 18.216 MPa; 18.285 MPa; 18.354 MPa; 18.423 MPa; 18.492 MPa; 18.561 MPa; 18.630 MPa; 18.699 MPa; 18.768 MPa; 18.837 MPa; 18.906 MPa; 18.975 MPa; 19.044 MPa; 19.113 MPa; 19.182 MPa; 19.251 MPa; 19.320 MPa; 19.389 MPa; 19.458 MPa; 19.527 MPa; 19.596 MPa; 19.665 MPa; 19.734 MPa; 19.803 MPa; 19.872 MPa; 19.941 MPa; 20.010 MPa; 20.079 MPa; 20.148 MPa; 20.217 MPa; 20.286 MPa; 20.355 MPa; 20.424 MPa; 20.493 MPa; 20.562 MPa; 20.631 MPa; 20.700 MPa; 20.769 MPa; 20.838 MPa; 20.907. MPa; 20.976 MPa; 21.390 MPa; 21.804 MPa; 22.218 MPa; 22.632 MPa; 23.046 MPa; 23.460 MPa; 23.874 MPa; 24.288 MPa; 24.702 MPa; 25.116 MPa; 25.530 MPa; 25.944 MPa; 26.358 MPa; 26.772 MPa; 27.186 MPa; 27.600 MPa; 28.014 MPa; 28.428 MPa; 28.842 MPa; 29.256 MPa; 29.670 MPa; 30.084 MPa; 30.498 MPa; 30.912 MPa; 31.326 MPa; 31.740 MPa; 32.154 MPa; 32.568 MPa; 32.982 MPa; 33.396 MPa; 21.045 MPa; 21.459 MPa; 21.873 MPa; 22.287 MPa; 22.701 MPa; 23.115 MPa; 23.529 MPa; 23.943 MPa; 24.357 MPa; 24.771 MPa; 25.185 MPa; 25.599 MPa; 26.013 MPa; 26.427 MPa; 26.841 MPa; 27.255 MPa; 27.669 MPa; 28.083 MPa; 28.497 MPa; 28.911 MPa; 29.325 MPa; 29.739 MPa; 30.153 MPa; 30.567 MPa; 30.981 MPa; 31.395 MPa; 31.809 MPa; 32.223 MPa; 32.637 MPa; 33.051 MPa; 33.465 MPa; 21.114 MPa; 21.528 MPa; 21.942 MPa; 22.356 MPa; 22.770 MPa; 23.184 MPa; 23.598 MPa; 24.012 MPa; 24.426 MPa; 24.840 MPa; 25.254 MPa; 25.668 MPa; 26.082 MPa; 26.496 MPa; 26.910 MPa; 27.324 MPa; 27.738 MPa; 28.152 MPa; 28.566 MPa; 28.980 MPa; 29.394 MPa; 29.808 MPa; 30.222 MPa; 30.636 MPa; 31.050 MPa; 31.464 MPa; 31.878 MPa; 32.292 MPa; 32.706 MPa; 33.120 MPa; 33.534 MPa; 21.183 MPa; 21.597 MPa; 22.011 MPa; 22.425 MPa; 22.839 MPa; 23.253 MPa; 23.667 MPa; 24.081 MPa; 24.495 MPa; 24.909 MPa; 25.323 MPa; 25.737 MPa; 26.151 MPa; 26.565 MPa; 26.979 MPa; 27.393 MPa; 27.807 MPa; 28.221 MPa; 28.635 MPa; 29.049 MPa; 29.463 MPa; 29.877 MPa; 30.291 MPa; 30.705 MPa; 31.119 MPa; 31.533 MPa; 31.947 MPa; 32.361 MPa; 32.775 MPa; 33.189 MPa; 33.603 MPa; 21.252 MPa; 21.666 MPa; 22.080 MPa; 22.494 MPa; 22.908 MPa; 23.322 MPa; 23.736 MPa; 24.150 MPa; 24.564 MPa; 24.978 MPa; 25.392 MPa; 25.806 MPa; 26.220 MPa; 26.634 MPa; 27.048 MPa; 27.462 MPa; 27.876 MPa; 28.290 MPa; 28.704 MPa; 29.118 MPa; 29.532 MPa; 29.946 MPa; 30.360 MPa; 30.774 MPa; 31.188 MPa; 31.602 MPa; 32.016 MPa; 32.430 MPa; 32.844 MPa; 33.258 MPa; 33.672 MPa; 21.321 MPa; 21.735 MPa; 22.149 MPa; 22.563 MPa; 22.977 MPa; 23.391 MPa; 23.805 MPa; 24.219 MPa; 24.633 MPa; 25.047 MPa; 25.461 MPa; 25.875 MPa; 26.289 MPa; 26.703 MPa; 27.117 MPa; 27.531 MPa; 27.945 MPa; 28.359 MPa; 28.773 MPa; 29.187 MPa; 29.601 MPa; 30.015 MPa; 30.429 MPa; 30.843 MPa; 31.257 MPa; 31.671 MPa; 32.085 MPa; 32.499 MPa; 32.913 MPa; 33.327 MPa; 33.741 ΜΛ / I / UO I004 MPa; 33.810 MPa; 33.879 MPa; 33.948 MPa; 34.017 MPa; 34.086 MPa; 34.155 MPa; 34.224 MPa; 34.293 MPa; 34.362 MPa; 34.431 MPa; o 34.500 MPa. ΜΛ / t / ZUZ I / UO 1004 The brightness at 45 degrees of a polymer film oriented in the machine direction according to this disclosure may have one of several different values ​​or be contained within one of several different ranges. For example, it is within the scope of this disclosure to select a brightness at 45 degrees that is greater than or equal to one of the following values: approximately 1%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58% %, %, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, %80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, %93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, % or 99%.In some embodiments (for example, a machine-oriented polymer film having a high-density, non-nucleated skin layer), the 45-degree brightness of the film can be approximately 20% greater. In other embodiments (for example, a machine-oriented polymer film having a high-density skin layer), the 45-degree brightness of the film can be approximately 65% ​​greater. It is also within the scope of this disclosure that the brightness at 45 degrees in the machine direction of the machine-oriented polymer film is contained within one of many different ranges. In a first set of intervals, the 45-degree brightness of a machine-oriented polymer film according to this disclosure is comprised in one of the following intervals: approximately 20% to 99%, 21% to 98%, 22% to 97%, 23% to 96%, 24% to 95%, 25% to 94%, 26% to 93%, 27% to 92%, 28% to 91%, 29% to 90%, 30% to 89%, 31% to 88%, 32% to 87%, 33% to 86%, 34% to 85%, 35% to 84%, 36% to 83%, 37% to 82%, 38% to 81%, 39% to 80%, 40% to 79%, 41% to 78%, 42% to 77%, 43% to 76%, 44% to 75%, 45% to 74%, 46% to 73%, 47% to 72%, 48% to 71%, 49% to 70%, 50% to 69%, 51% to 68%, 52% to 67%from 53% to 66%, from 54% to 65%, from 55% to 64%, from 56% to 63%, from 57% to 62%, from 58% to 61% or from 59% to 60%. In a second set of ranges, the 45-degree brightness of a machine-oriented polymer film according to this disclosure is comprised within one of the following ranges: approximately 19% to 99%, 20% to 99%, 21% to 99%, 22% to 99%, 23% to 99%, 24% to 99%, 25% to 99%, 26% to 99%, 27% to 99%, 28% to 99%, 29% to 99%, 30% to 99%, 31% to 99%, 32% to 99%, 33% to 99%, 34% to 99%, 35% to 99%, 36% to 99%, 37% to 99%, 38% to 99%, of 39% to 99%, 40% to 99%, 41% to 99%, 42% to 99%, 43% to 99%, 44% to 99%, 45% to 99%, 46% to 99%, 47% to 99%, 48% to 99%, 49% to 99%, 50% to 99%, 51% to 99%, 52% to 99%, 53% to 99%, 54% to 99%, 55% to 99%, 56% to 99%, 57% to 99%, 58% to 99%from 59% to 99%, from 60% to 99%, from 61% to 99%, from 62% to 99%, from 63% to 99%, from 64% to 99%, from 65% to 99%, from 66% to 99%, from 67% to 99%, from 68% to 99%, from 69% to 99%, from 70% to 99%, from 71% to 99%, from 72% to 99%, from 73% to 99%, from 74% to 99%, from 75% to 99%, from 76% to 99%, from 77% to 99%, from 78% to 99%, from 79% to 99%, from 80% to 99%, from 81% to 99%, from 82% to 99%, from 83% to 99%, 84% to 99%, 85% to 99%, 86% to 99%, 87% to 99%, 88% to 99%, 89% to 99% or 90% to 99%. In a third set of ranges, the 45-degree brightness of a machine-direction oriented polymer film according to this disclosure is comprised within one of the following ranges: approximately 20% to 98%, 20% to 97%, 20% to 96%, 20% to 95%, 20% to 94%, 20% to 93%, 20% to 92%, 20% to 91%, 20% to 90%, 20% to 89%, 20% to 88%, 20% to 87%, 20% to 86%, 20% to 85%, 20% to 84%,from 20% to 83%, from 20% to 82%, from 20% to 81%, from 20% to 80%, from 20% to 79%, from 20% to 78%, from 20% to 77%, from 20% to 76%, from 20% to 75%, from 20% to 74%, from 20% to 73%, from 20% to 72%, from 20% to 71%, from 20% to 70%, from 20% to 69%, from 20% to 68%, from 20% to 67%, from 20% to 66%, from 20% to 65%, from 20% to 64%, from 20% to 63%, from 20% to 62%, from 20% to 61%, from 20% to 60% ML / t / ZUZ I / UO 1004 from 20% to 59%, from 20% to 58%, from 20% to 57%, from 20% to 56%, from 20% to 55%, from 20% to 54%, from 20% to 53%, from 20% to 52%, from 20% to 51%, from 20% to 50%, from 20% to 49%, from 20% to 48%, from 20% to 47%, from 20% to 46%, from 20% to 45%, from 20% to 44%, from 20% to 43%, from 20% to 42%, from 20% to 41%, from 20% to 40%, from 20% to 39%, from 20% to 38%, from 20% to 37%, from 20% to 36%, from 20% to 35%, from 20% to 34%, from 20% to 33%, from 20% to 32%, from 20% to 31%, from 20% to 30%, from 20% to 29%, from 20% to 28%, from 20% to 27%, from 20% to 26%, from 20% to 25%, from 20% to 24%, from 20% to 23%, from 20% to 22%, or from 20% to 21%. In illustrative embodiments, the 45-degree gloss of a machine-oriented polymer film according to this disclosure is between approximately 60% and approximately 85%.In some embodiments, it is desirable that a machine-oriented polymer film, as described herein, have a matte finish. In such embodiments, the gloss at 45 degrees for the matte finish of the machine-oriented polymer film may be less than approximately 25%. The turbidity of a machine-oriented polymer film, as defined in this disclosure, may have one of several different values ​​or fall within one of several different ranges. For example, within the scope of this disclosure, it is acceptable to select a turbidity that is less than or equal to one of the following values: approximately 35%, 34%, 33%, 32%, 31%, 30%, 29%, 28%, 27%, 26%, 25%, 24%, 23%, 22%, 21%, 20%, 19%, 18%, 17%, 16%, 15%, 14%, 13%, 12%, 11%, 10%, 9%, 8%, 7%, 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, or 1%. It is also within the scope of this disclosure that the cloudiness of the machine-oriented polymer film falls within one of several different ranges. In a first set of ranges, the cloudiness of a machine-oriented polymer film according to this disclosure falls within one of the following ranges: approximately 1% to 35%, 2% to 34%, 3% to 33%, 4% to 32%, 5% to 31%, 6% to 30%, 7% to 29%, 8% to 28%, 9% to 27%, 10% to 26%, 11% to 25%, 12% to 24%, 13% to 23%, 14% to 22%, 15% to 21%, 16% to 20%, or 17% to 19%.In a second set of ranges, the cloudiness of a machine-oriented polymer film according to this disclosure is comprised within one of the following ranges: approximately 2% to 35%, 3% to 35%, 4% to 35%, 5% to 35%, 6% to 35%, 7% to 35%, 8% to 35%, 9% to 35%, 10% to 35%, 11% to 35%, 12% to 35%, 13% to 35%, 14% to 35%, 15% to 16%, 17% to 35%, 18% to 35%, 19% to 35%, 20% to 21%, 22% to 35%, 23% to 35%. 35%, 24% to 35%, 25% to%, 26% to 35%, 27% to 35%, 28% to 35%, 29% to 35%, 30% to%, 31% to 35%, 32% to 35%, 33% to 35% or 34% to 35%.In a third set of ranges, the haze of a machine-oriented polymer film according to this disclosure is comprised within one of the following ranges: approximately 1% to 35%, 1% to 34%, 1% to 33%, 1% to 32%, 1% to 31%, 1% to 30%, 1% to 29%, 1% to 28%, 1% to 27%, 1% to 26%, 1% to 25%, 1% to 24%, 1% to 23%, 1% to 22%, 1% to 21%, 1% to 20%, 1% to 19%, 1% to 18%, 1% to 17%, 1% to 16%, 1% to 15%, 1% to 14%, 1% to 13%, from 1% to 12%, from 1% to 11%, from 1% to 10%, from 1% to 9%, from 1% to 8%, from 1% to 7%, from 1% to 6%, from 1% to 5%, from 1% to 4%, from 1% to 3% or from 1% to 2%.In illustrative embodiments, the haze of a machine-oriented polymer film according to this disclosure is between approximately 3% and approximately 21%, and in some embodiments, between approximately 3% and approximately 6%. In some embodiments, it is desirable for a machine-oriented polymer film according to this disclosure to have a matte finish. In such embodiments, the haze for the matte finish of the machine-oriented polymer film may be less than approximately 50%. The tensile strength at break in the machine direction of a machine-oriented polymer film, as described herein, may have one of several different values ​​or fall within one of several different ranges. For example, for a machine-oriented polymer film... MA / E / ZuZu / UO 1004 machine having a thickness of less than approximately 51 micrometers - in some embodiments, less than approximately 48 micrometers, 46 micrometers, 43 micrometers, 41 micrometers, 38 micrometers, 36 micrometers, 33 micrometers, 30 micrometers, 28 micrometers, 25 micrometers, 23 micrometers, 20 micrometers, 18 micrometers, 15 micrometers, 13 micrometers or 10 micrometers - is included within the scope of this disclosure to select a tensile strength in the machine direction that is greater than or equal to one of the following values: approximately 690 MPa; 759 MPa; 828 MPa; 897 MPa; 966 MPa; 1,035 MPa; 1,104 MPa; 1.173 MPa; 1,242 MPa; 1,311 MPa; 1,380 MPa; 1,449 MPa; 1,518 MPa; 1,587 MPa; 1,656 MPa; 1,725 ​​MPa; 1,794 MPa; 1,863 MPa; 1,932 MPa;2,001 MPa; 2,070 MPa; 2,139 MPa; 2,208 MPa; 2,277 MPa; 2,346 MPa; 2,415 MPa;2,484 MPa; 2,553 MPa; 2,622 MPa; 2,691 MPa; 2,760 MPa; 2,829 MPa; 2,898 MPa;2,967 MPa; 3.036 MPa; 3.105 MPa; 3.174 MPa; 3.243 MPa; 3.312 MPa; 3.381 MPa; or 3.450 MPa. It is also within the scope of this disclosure that the machine-direction tensile strength of machine-direction oriented polymer film is contained within one of many different ranges. In a first set of intervals, the machine-direction tensile strength for a machine-direction oriented polymer film having a thickness of less than approximately 51 micrometers - in some embodiments, less than approximately 48 micrometers, 46 micrometers, 43 micrometers, 41 micrometers, 38 micrometers, 36 micrometers, 33 micrometers, 30 micrometers, 28 micrometers, 25 micrometers, 23 micrometers, 20 micrometers, 18 micrometers, 15 micrometers, 13 micrometers or 10 micrometers - is in one of the following intervals: from approximately 690 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 759 MPa to approximately 4,071 MPa; from 828 MPa to approximately 4,002 MPa; from 897 MPa to approximately 3.933 MPa; from 966 MPa to approximately 3,864 MPa; from 1,035 MPa to approximately 3,795 MPa; from 1,104 MPa to approximately 3,726 MPa; from 1,173 MPa to approximately 3,657 MPa; from 1,242 MPa to approximately 3,588 MPa; from 1,311 MPa to approximately 3,519 MPa; from 1,380 MPa to approximately 3,450 MPa; from 1,449 MPa to... ML / t / ZUZ I / UD 1004 approximately 3,381 MPa; from 1,518 MPa to approximately 3,312 MPa; from 1,587 MPa to approximately 3,243 MPa; from 1,656 MPa to approximately 3,174 MPa; from 1,725 ​​MPa to approximately 3,105 MPa; from 1,794 MPa to approximately 3,036 MPa; from 1,863 MPa to approximately 2,967 MPa; from 1,932 MPa to approximately 3,036 MPa; from 2,001 MPa to approximately 3,036 MPa; from 2,070 MPa to approximately 3,036 MPa; from 2,139 MPa to approximately 3,036 MPa; from 2,208 MPa to approximately 3,036 MPa; from 2,277 MPa to approximately 3,036 MPa; from 2,346 MPa to approximately 3,036 MPa; from 2,415 MPa to approximately 3,036 MPa; from 2,484 MPa to approximately 3,036 MPa; from 2,553 MPa to approximately 3,036 MPa; from 2,622 MPa to approximately 3,036 MPa; from 2,691 MPa to approximately 3,036 MPa; from 2,760 MPa to approximately 3,036 MPa; from 2,829 MPa to approximately 3,036 MPa; from 2,898 MPa to approximately 3,036 MPa; and from 2,967 MPa to approximately 3,036 MPa.In a second set of intervals, the machine-direction tensile strength for a machine-direction oriented polymer film having a thickness of less than approximately 51 micrometers - in some embodiments, less than approximately 48 micrometers, 46 micrometers, 43 micrometers, 41 micrometers, 38 micrometers, 36 micrometers, 33 micrometers, 30 micrometers, 28 micrometers, 25 micrometers, 23 micrometers, 20 micrometers, 18 micrometers, 15 micrometers, 13 micrometers or 10 micrometers - is in one of the following intervals: from approximately 690 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 759 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 828 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 897 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 966 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 1,035 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 1,104 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 1,173 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 1,242 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 1,311 MPa to approximately 4.140 MPa; from 1,380 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 1,449 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 1,518 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 1,587 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 1,656 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 1,725 ​​MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 1,794 MPa to approximately 4,140. MΛ / t / ZU¿ I / UO I004 MPa; from 1,863 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 1,932 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 2,001 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 2,070 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 2,139 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 2,208 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 2,277 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 2,346 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 2,415 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 2,484 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 2,553 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 2,622 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 2,691 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 2,760 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 2,829 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 2,898 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 2,967 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 3,036 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 3,105 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 3,174 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 3,243 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 3,312 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 3,381 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 3.450 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 3,519 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 3,588 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 3,657 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 3,726 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 3,795 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 3,864 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 3,933 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; from 4,002 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa; and from 4,071 MPa to approximately 4,140 MPa.In a third set of intervals, the machine-direction tensile strength for a machine-direction oriented polymer film having a thickness of less than approximately 51 micrometers - in some embodiments, less than approximately 48 micrometers, 46 micrometers, 43 micrometers, 41 micrometers, 38 micrometers, 36 micrometers, 33 micrometers, 30 micrometers, 28 micrometers, 25 micrometers, 23 micrometers, 20 micrometers, 18 micrometers, 15 micrometers, 13 micrometers or 10 micrometers - is in one of the following intervals: from approximately 690 MPa to approximately 4,071 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 4,002 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 3,933 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 3,864 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 3,795 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 3,726 MPa; from 690 MPa to approx. MA / E / ZuZu / UO 1004 3,657 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 3,588 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 3,519 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 3,450 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 3,381 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 3,312 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 3,243 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 3,174 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 3,105 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 3,036 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 2,967 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 2,898 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 2,829 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 2,760 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 2,691 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 2,622 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 2,553 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 2,484 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 2,415 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 2,346 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 2,277 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 2,208 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 2,139 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 2,070 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 2.001 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 1,932 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 1,863 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 1,794 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 1,725 ​​MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 1,656 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 1,587 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 1,518 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 1,449 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 1,380 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 1,311 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 1,242 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 1,173 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 1,104 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 1,035 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 966 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 897 MPa; from 690 MPa to approximately 828 MPa; and from 690 MPa to approximately 759 MPa. The thickness of a machine-oriented polymer film according to this disclosure may vary depending on the intended end use (e.g., the desired properties and / or applications for the machine-oriented polymer film). In one example, the thickness ranges from approximately 5.08 micrometers to approximately 76.2 micrometers. In another example, the thickness ranges from approximately 7.62 micrometers to approximately 63.5 micrometers. In embodiments ML / t / ZUZ I / UD 1DÓ4 illustrative, its thickness is less than approximately 50.8 micrometers, in some examples less than approximately 38.1 micrometers, in some examples less than approximately 25.4 micrometers, in some examples less than ML / t / ZUZ I / UD I004 approximately 22.9 micrometers, in some examples less than approximately 20.3 micrometers, in some examples less than approximately 17.8 micrometers, in some examples less than approximately 15.2 micrometers and in some examples less than approximately 12.7 micrometers. Although thicknesses outside this range can also be used (for example, thicknesses greater than approximately 76.2 micrometers), lesser thicknesses minimize material cost. The thickness of a machine-oriented polymer film according to this disclosure may have one of several values ​​or fall within one of the following ranges. For example, within the scope of this disclosure is selecting a thickness greater than or equal to one of the following values: approximately 76.2 micrometers, 73.7 micrometers, 71.1 micrometers, 2,178 micrometers, 66.0 micrometers, 63.5 micrometers, 61.0 micrometers, 58.4 micrometers, 2,50.8 micrometers, 53.3 micrometers, 50.8 micrometers, 48.3 micrometers, 45.7 micrometers, 43.2 micrometers, 40.6 micrometers, 38.1 micrometers, 35.6 micrometers, 33.0 micrometers, 30.5 micrometers, 27.9 micrometers, 25.4 micrometers, 22.9 micrometers, 20.3 micrometers, 17.8 micrometers, 15.2 micrometers, 12.7 micrometers or 10.2 micrometers. It is also within the scope of this disclosure that the thickness of the machine-oriented polymer film is contained within one of many different ranges. In a first set of intervals, the thickness of the machine-oriented polymer film is in one of the following ranges: from approximately 5.08 micrometers to 76.2 micrometers, from 7.62 micrometers to 73.7 micrometers, from 10.2 micrometers to 71.1 micrometers, from 12.7 micrometers to 2.178 micrometers, from 15.2 micrometers to 66.0 micrometers, from 17.8 micrometers to 63.5 micrometers, from 20.3 micrometers to 61.0 micrometers, from 22.9 micrometers to 58.4 micrometers, from 25.4 micrometers to 250.8 micrometers, from 27.9 micrometers to 53.3 micrometers, from 30.5 micrometers to 50.8 micrometers, of 33.0 micrometers to 48.3 micrometers, from 35.6 micrometers to 45.7 micrometers, or of ML / t / ¿U¿ I / UO I004 38.1 micrometers to 43.2 micrometers. In a second set of intervals, the thickness of the machine-oriented polymer film is in one of the following ranges: from approximately 7.62 micrometers to 76.2 micrometers, from 10.2 micrometers, from 15.2 micrometers, from 20.3 micrometers, from 25.4 micrometers, from 30.5 micrometers, from 35.6 micrometers, from 40.6 micrometers, from 45.7 micrometers, from 50.8 micrometers to 76.2 micrometers to 76.2 micrometers to 76.2 micrometers to 76.2 micrometers to 76.2 micrometers to 76.2 micrometers to 76.2 micrometers to 76.2 micrometers to 76.2 micrometers to 76.2 micrometers to 76.2 micrometers, from 12.7 micrometers, 17.8 micrometers, 22.9 micrometers, 27.9 micrometers, 33.0 micrometers, 38.1 micrometers, 43.2 micrometers, 48.3 micrometers, 53.3 micrometers to 76.2 micrometers to 76.2 micrometers to 76.2 micrometers to 76.2 micrometers to 76.2 micrometers to 76.2 micrometers to 76.2 micrometers to 76.2 micrometers to 76.2 micrometers, 2,50.8 micrometers to 76,2 micrometers, from 58.4 micrometers to 76.2 micrometers, from 61.0 micrometers to 76.2 micrometers, from 63.5 micrometers to 76.2 micrometers, from 66.0 micrometers to 76.2 micrometers, from 2,178 micrometers to 76.2 micrometers, from 71.1 micrometers to 76.2 micrometers, or from 73.7 micrometers to 76.2 micrometers. In a third set of intervals, the thickness of the machine-oriented polymer film is in one of the following ranges: from approximately 7.62 micrometers to 73.7 micrometers, from 7.62 micrometers to 71.1 micrometers, from 7.62 micrometers to 2.178 micrometers, from 7.62 micrometers to 66.0 micrometers, from 7.62 micrometers to 63.5 micrometers, from 7.62 micrometers to 61.0 micrometers, from 7.62 micrometers to 58.4 micrometers, from 7.62 micrometers to 2.508 micrometers, from 7.62 micrometers, from 7.62 micrometers, from 7.62 micrometers, from 7.62 micrometers, from 7.62 micrometers, from 7.62 micrometers, from 7.62 micrometers to 53.3 micrometers to 48.3 micrometers to 43.2 micrometers to 38,1 micrometer to 33.0 micrometer to 27.9 micrometer to 22.9 micrometer, from 7.62 micrometers, from 7.62 micrometers, from 7.62 micrometers, from 7.62 micrometers, from 7.62 micrometers, from 7.62 micrometers, from 7.62 micrometers to 50.8 micrometers to 45.7 micrometers to 40.6 micrometers to 35.6 micrometers to 30.5 micrometers to 25.4 micrometers to 20.3 micrometers, from 7.62 micrometers to 17.8 micrometers, from 7.62 micrometers to 15.2 micrometers, from 7.62 micrometers to 12.7 micrometers, or from 7.62 micrometers to 10.2 micrometers. Machine-oriented polymer films of the type described above are not limited to any specific film structure. Other film structures can achieve the same or similar results to the three-layer ABA film shown in Fig. 1 or the five-layer ACBCA structure shown in Figs. 3 and 4. The film structure is a function of the design and equipment capabilities. For example, the number of layers in a film depends solely on the available technology and the intended end use of the film. Representative examples of film structures, according to this disclosure, that can be implemented using a blown film process include, but are not limited to, the following: ABC ABCD ABCDE ABCDEF ABCDEFG ABCDEFGH ABCDEFGHl ABCDEFGHlJ ABCDEFGHlJK ABCDEFGHlJKL ABCDEFGHlJKLM In the representative examples of blown film structures shown above, it should be understood that any two or more of the individual layers—even if designated by different letters—may actually contain identical compositions. For example, the three-layer blown film structure designated ABC in the diagram above includes both a structure in which layers A and C have identical compositions and a structure in which layers A and C have different compositions. Representative examples of film structures according to this disclosure that can be implemented in a cast film process include, but are not limited to, the following: ABA AABA ABAA AABAA ABAAA ABABA ABAAAAA AABAAAA AAABAAA ABAAABA ABAABAA ABABAAA ABABABA ABAAAAAA AABAAAAA AAABAAAA ABAAAABA ACBCA ACACBCA ACBCACA ACACBCAC ACBCACACA ACBCABCA. Additionally, array technology can be used to produce multiple layers in a multiplexed manner. For example, an ABA structure can be multiplied from approximately 10 to approximately ML / t / ZUZ I / UO 1004 1000 times. The resulting ABA structure multiplied by 10 can be expressed as follows: ABAABAABAABAABAABAABA-ABAABAABA Representative applications using a machine-oriented polymer film according to this disclosure include, but are not limited to, packaging applications (e.g., stand-up pouches, butterfly pouches, bags, container lids, and / or the like). The presence of high-density polyethylene in one or both skin layers of a machine-oriented polymer film according to this disclosure facilitates the use of higher temperatures during the sealing process of a packaging container (e.g., a flexible pouch), which in turn facilitates the formation of a strong seal on the finished package. By way of example, the sealing process may utilize temperatures up to the melting temperature of the skin layer (in illustrative embodiments, 5–10° below the melting temperature). Machine-oriented polymer films conforming to this disclosure may be laminated, bonded, or otherwise adhered to sealing strips and / or moisture barrier strips (with or without an oxygen barrier). Adhesive bonding may be used to prepare such laminated products. Adhesive bonding may be carried out with bonding agents including, but not limited to, powders, adhesive strips, liquid adhesives, hot melt adhesives, solvent-based adhesives, solvent-free adhesives, aqueous adhesives, polymeric adhesives (e.g., extrusion lamination), and the like. Additionally, these types of substrates may be used for ultrasonic bonding, thermal bonding, or thermal lamination, provided the substrate polymers are compatible with the film surface. The following representative examples and procedures illustrate features in accordance with this disclosure and are provided for illustrative purposes only. They are not intended to limit the scope of the appended claims or their equivalents. ML / t / ZUZ I / UO 1004 EXAMPLES Example 1 - Formulations for a machine-oriented polymer film In this experiment, five-layer precursor films were prepared using a blown film procedure and subsequently subjected to machine-direction (MD) orientation to form machine-oriented polymer films in accordance with this disclosure. The five-layer precursor films were prepared from formulations X16-262A shown in Table 1 and X17-045A shown in Table 2. ML / t / ZUZ I / UD 1DÓ4 Table 1 Composition of X16-262A EXTRUDER Layer % (Total) COMPONENT Amount of component (% by weight) A 25.0 M6.020SB (Lyondell Basell, ALATHON® cored with HDPE) 100.0 B 10.0 1.018HA (ExxonMobil, EXCEED® mlLDPE-C6) 100.0 C 20.0 M6.020SB (Lyondell Basell, ALATHON® HDPE) 100.0 D 10.0 1.018HA (ExxonMobil, EXCEED® mlLDPE-C6) 100.0 E 35.0 M6.020SB (Lyondell Basell, ALATHON® cored with HDPE) 100.0 The physical properties of a machine-oriented polymer film prepared from a precursor film derived from composition X16-262A and having an initial thickness of 127 micrometers before being stretched in the machine direction at a stretch ratio of 5.8 to 1 are shown in Table 3. In Table 3, Elmendorf tear results that are below the equipment's test range are indicated with an asterisk and should be considered for reference only. Puncture probes that meet the specifications of ASTM D 7192-10, published April 26, 2012, typically require less force to puncture materials than earlier versions of the probes. MA / t / ZUZ I / UO I004 Table 2 Composition of X17-045A. EXTRUDER Layer % (Total) COMPONENT Component Quantity (% by weight) A 25.0 M6.020SB (Lyondell Basell, ALATHON® cored with HDPE) 100.0 B 10.0 3.132 (ExxonMobil, EXACT® POP-C6) 100.0 C 20.0 M6.020SB (Lyondell Basell, ALATHON® HDPE) 100.0 D 10.0 3.132 (ExxonMobil, EXACT® POP-C6) 100.0 E 35.0 M6.020SB (Lyondell Basell, ALATHON® cored with HDPE) 100.0 The physical properties of a machine-oriented polymer film prepared from a precursor film derived from the composition X17-045A and having an initial thickness of 127 micrometers before being stretched in the machine direction at a stretch ratio of 6.0:1 or 6.5:1 are shown in Table 3. Table 3. Physical properties of polymer films oriented in the machine direction. Formulation (Stretching Ratio) X17-045A (6.5:1) X17-045A (6.0:1) X16-262A (5.8:1) Physical Property Units ABC Thickness micrometers 20.8 20.6 21.8 Turbidity % 4.8 5.3 9.9 Gloss - Inlet % at 45° 83.8 78.0 65.8 Gloss - Outlet % at 45° 81.7 77.6 67.2 COF, Static - In / In — 0.347 0.548 0.333 COF, Static - Salt / Salt — 0.400 0.335 0.548 COF, Kinetic - In / In — 0.360 0.418 0.343 COF, Kinetic - Salt / Salt — 0.413 0.336 0.398 WVTR 3 / 31 micrometers micrometers 19.3 20.6 24.4 WVTR 3 / 31 g / m² / day 4.40 4.32 3.22 WVTR / micrometers g / m² / day 3.01 3.13 2.76 OTR 2 / 20H micrometers micrometers ___ ___ ___ OTR 2 / 20H cc / m² / day — --- — OTR 2 / 20T micrometers micrometers 19.8 21.3 22.4 OTR 2 / 20T cc / m² / day 1.519 1.612 1.209 Nominal tensile strength MD micrometers 21.1 20.8 22.9 Maximum tensile strength MD MPa 2.794 2.644 2.185 Maximum deformation MD % 17 20 19 Tensile strength MD MPa 2.763 2.183 1.991 Deformation at break MD % 18 28 23 Yield strength MD MPa 1.608 1.469 1.223 Inflow strain MD % 7 7 7 Stress at 5% strain MD MPa 1.311 1.117 996 Stress at 10% strain MD MPa 2.163 1.872 1.637 Stress at 25% strain MD MPa 0 2.439 1.870 Stress at 50% strain MD MPa 0 0 0 Stress at 100% strain MD MPa 0 0 0 Secant modulus MD (1%) MPa 27.739 24.926 21.197 Trouser tear MD gf 155 181 195 TEAMD Kj / m2 18 29 20 Graves tear MD gf 184 147 277. Formulation (Stretch Ratio) X17-045A (6.5:1) X17-045A (6.0:1) X16-262A (5.8:1) Elmendorf MD Tear Strength Arm g 200 200 200 Elmendorf MD Tear Strength gf 37.2* 35.8* 8* Nominal Tensile Strength TD micrometers 0.80 0.84 1.05 Maximum Tensile Strength TD MPa 3,877 4,871 4,346 Maximum Strain TD % 3 3 3 Tensile Strength TD MPa 268 336 300 Strain at Tensile Strength TD % 3 3 3 Yield Strength TD MPa 0 0 0 Yield Strain TD % 0 0 0 Tensile Strength at 5% Strain TD MPa 0 0 0 Tensile Strength at 5% Strain 10%TD MPa 0 0 0 Stress at a strain of 25% TD MPa 0 0 0 Stress at a strain of 50% TD MPa 0 0 0 Stress at a strain of 100%TD MPa 0 0 0 Secant modulus TD (1%) MPa 20.288 21.037 17.549 Trouser tear TD gf 227 268 312 TEATD Kj / m2 0 0 0 Graves tear TD gf 1.175 1.098 1.102 Elmendorf tear TD Arm g 400 800 800 Elmendorf tear TD gf 187 297 355 Dart impact (26) g — --- — § Slow puncture -1 / 8 (Kraft) gf 349 322 357 ML / t / ZU¿ I / UO I004 As shown in the data in Table 3, a machine-oriented polymer film, according to the present representative disclosure, exhibits low elongation (as illustrated by MD strain at break), high stiffness (as illustrated by MD secant modulus (1%)), low haze, high gloss, and high tensile properties (as illustrated by MD tensile strength at break). However, surprisingly and unexpectedly, the moisture barrier properties of the polymer film (as illustrated by WVTR / micrometers) were higher than would have been expected based on the good barrier properties of the HDPE-containing skin layer and the fact that it has been stretched. ML / t / ZUZ I / UD 1DÓ4 Example 2 - Additional formulations for a machine-oriented polymer film In this experiment, a five-layer precursor film was prepared using a blown film procedure and subsequently subjected to MD orientation to form a machine-direction oriented polymer film in accordance with this disclosure. The five-layer precursor film was prepared from the X18-151A formulation shown in Table 4. Table 4. Composition of X18-151 A. EXTRUDER Layer % (Total) COMPONENT Amount of component (% by weight) A 25.0 L5.885 (Lyondell Basell, ALATHON® HDPE) 100.0 B 10.0 1.018HA (ExxonMobil, EXCEED® mlLDPE-C6) 100.0 C 20.0 L5.885 (Lyondell Basell, ALATHON® HDPE) 100.0 D 10.0 1,018HA (ExxonMobil, EXCEED® mlLDPE-C6) 100.0 E 35.0 L5,885 (Lyondell Basell, ALATHON® HDPE) 100.0 The physical properties of a machine-oriented polymer film prepared from a precursor film derived from composition X18-151A and having an initial thickness of 146 micrometers before being stretched in the machine direction at a stretch ratio of 6.5 to 1 are shown below in Table 5. Table 5. Physical properties of a polymer film oriented in the additional machine direction. ML / t / ZUZ I / UD 1004 Formulation (Stretch Ratio) X18-151A (6.5:1) Physical Property Units D Basis Weight (avg. 5) g / m2 25.06 Turbidity % 18 Gloss % at 45° 38 Density (avg. 10) g / cc 0.9520 Light Transmission (avg. 3) % 92.3 COF (avg. 3), Static -Seal / Seal — 0.277 COF (avg. 3), Static - Unseal / Unseal — 0.278 COF (avg. 3), Kinetic - Seal / Seal — 0.280 COF (avg. 3), Kinetic - Unseal / Unseal — 0.280 Nominal Tensile Strength MD (avg. 5) micrometers 25.1 Maximum Tensile Strength MD (avg. 5) MPa 2.322 Maximum Strain MD (avg. 5) % 24 Tensile strength MD (avg. 5) MPa 1.931 Strain at rupture MD (avg. 5) % 36 Yield strength MD (avg. 5) MPa 1.168 Strain at yield MD (avg. 5) % 8 Tensile strength at 5% strain MD (avg. 5) MPa 736.713 Tensile strength at 10% strain MD (avg. 5) MPa 1.384.071 Tensile strength at 25% strain MD (avg. 5) MPa 2.311.431 Tensile strength at 50% strain MD (avg. 5) MPa 0 Tensile strength at 100% strain MD (avg.5) MPa 0 Secant modulus MD (1%) (avg. 5) MPa 24.007 TEA MD (avg. 5) N 75.62 Elmendorf tear MD Arm g 400 Elmendorf tear MD (avg. 5) gf 106 Nominal tensile strength TD (avg. 5) micrometers 25.4 Maximum stress TD (avg. 5) MPa 362 Maximum strain TD (avg. 5) % 4 Tensile strength TD (avg. 5) MPa 362 Tensile strain TD (avg. 5) % 4 Yield strength TD (avg. 5) MPa 273. Formulation (Stretch Ratio) X18-151A (6.5:1) Yield Strain TD (avg. 5) % 3 Tensile Strength at 5% TD (avg. 5) MPa 180 Tensile Strength at 10% TD (avg. 5) MPa 0 Tensile Strength at 25% TD (avg. 5) MPa 0 Tensile Strength at 50% TD (avg. 5) MPa 0 Tensile Strength at 100% TD (avg. 5) MPa 0 Secant Modulus TD (1%) (avg. 5) MPa 20.126 TEA TD (avg. 5) N 0 Elmendorf Tear TD Arm g 400 Elmendorf Tear TD (avg. 5) gf 258 § Slow Puncture (avg. 5) - 1 / 8 (Kraft) gf 558 § Slow puncture (avg. 5) - 1 / 4 (D3) gf 732 ML / t / ZUZ I / UD 1DÓ4 Example 3 - Formulation for a machine-oriented polymer film with oxygen barrier properties In this experiment, a nine-layer precursor film was prepared using a blown film procedure and subsequently subjected to machine-direction (MD) orientation to form machine-oriented polymer films in accordance with this disclosure. The nine-layer precursor film was prepared from the X18-214A-5 5T formulations shown in Table 6. Table 6. Composition of X18-214A-5.5T. EXTRUDER Layer % (Total) COMPONENT Amount of component (% by weight) A 16.5 M6.020SB (Lyondell Basell, ALATHON® HDPE) 100.0 B 14.0 5.960G1 (Dow Chemical Company, ELITE® HDPEm) 90.0 EXTRUDER Layer % (Total) COMPONENT Component Quantity (% by weight) 3.000RTN (Dow Chemical Company, RETAIN® with MAH graft) 10.0 C 10.0 1.018HA (ExxonMobil, EXCEED® mlLDPE-C6) 89.0 3.000RTN (Dow Chemical Company, RETAIN® with MAH graft) 11.0 D 7.0 1.018HA (ExxonMobil, EXCEED® mlLDPE-C6) 85.0 41E710 (DuPont, BYNEL® linear low-density anhydride-modified polyethylene) 15.0 E 5.0 DC3.203J (Soarus LLC, SOARNOL® EVOH 32%) 100.0 F 7.0 1.018HA (ExxonMobil, EXCEED® mlLDPE-C6) 85.0 41E710 (DuPont, BYNEL® anhydride-modified linear low-density polyethylene) 15.0 G 10.0 1.018HA (ExxonMobil, EXCEED® mlLDPE-C6) 89.0 3.000RTN (Dow Chemical Company, RETAIN® with MAH graft) 11.0 H 14.0 5.960G1 (Dow Chemical Company, ELITE® HDPEm) 90.0 3.000RTN (Dow Chemical Company, RETAIN® with MAH graft) 10.0 1 16.5 M6.020SB (Lyondell Basell, ALATHON® HDPE) 100.0 ML / t / ZUZ I / UD 1004 Example 4 - Additional formulation for a machine-oriented polymer film In this experiment, a five-layer precursor film having five skin layers nucleated with HDPE was prepared using a blown film procedure and subsequently subjected to MD orientation to form machine-oriented polymer films according to the present disclosure. The five-layer precursor film was prepared from formulation X18-202A shown in Table 7. ML / t / ZUZ I / UO 1004 Table 7. Composition of X18-202A. EXTRUDER Layer % (Total) COMPONENT Component Quantity (% by weight) A 25.0 M6.020SB (Lyondell Basell, ALATHON® cored with HDPE) 100.0 B 10.0 8.656ML (ExxonMobil, EXCEED®XP LLDPE) 100.0 C 20.0 L5.885 (Lyondell Basell, ALATHON® HDPE) 100.0 D 10.0 8.656ML (ExxonMobil, EXCEED®XP LLDPE) 100.0 E 35.0 M6.020SB (Lyondell Basell, ALATHON® cored with HDPE) 100.0 The physical properties of a machine-oriented polymer film prepared from a precursor film derived from the composition X18-202A and having an initial thickness of 146 micrometers before being stretched in the machine direction at a stretch ratio of 6 to 1 are shown below in Table 8. Table 8. Physical properties of a polymer film oriented in the additional machine direction. Formulation (Stretching Ratio) X18-202A (6:1) Physical Property Units E Caliper (avg. 5) micrometers 22.6 Basis Weight (avg. 5) g / m2 21.65 Density (avg. 10) g / cc 0.9472 Transparency (avg. 3) % 95.0 Turbidity (avg. 3) % 5.0 Gloss (avg. 3) - In % at 45° 126.4 Gloss (avg. 3) - Outlet % at 45° 115.3 COF (avg. 3), Static - In / In — 0.398 COF (avg. 3), Static - Outlet / Out — 0.420 COF (avg. 3), Kinetic - In / In — 0.375 COF (avg. 3), Kinetic - Salt / Salt — 0.362 WVTR 3 / 31 micrometers (avg. 2) micrometers 25.7 WVTR 3 / 31 (avg. 2) g / 100 m2 / day 5.36 Nominal tensile strength MD (avg. 5) micrometers 22.6 Maximum tensile strength MD (avg. 5) MPa 2,508 Maximum strain MD (avg. 5) % 19 Tensile strength at break MD (avg. 5) MPa 2,496 Strain at break MD (avg. 5) % 20 Yield strength MD (avg. 5) MPa 1,421 Strain at yield MD (avg. 5) % 7 Tensile strength at 5% strain MD (avg. 5) MPa 1,086 Tensile strength at 10% strain MD (avg. 5) MPa 1,790 Formulation (Stretch Ratio) X18-202A (6:1) Tensile Strength at 25% MD (avg. 5) MPa 0 Tensile Strength at 50% MD (avg. 5) MPa 0 Tensile Strength at 100% MD (avg. 5) MPa 0 Secant Modulus MD (1%) (avg. 5) MPa 394.930 TEA MD (avg. 5) N 40 Elmendorf Tear Strength MD Arm g 200 Elmendorf Tear Strength MD (avg. 5) gf 64 Nominal Tensile Strength TD (avg. 5) micrometers 22.4 Maximum Tensile Strength TD (avg. 5) MPa 362 Maximum Strain TD (avg. 5) % 3 Tensile Strength TD (avg. 5) MPa 362 Strain at Break TD (avg. 5) % 3 Yield strength TD (avg. 5) MPa 0 Yield strain TD (avg. 5) % 0 Stress at 5% strain TD (avg. 5) MPa 0 Stress at 10% strain TD (avg. 5) MPa 0 Stress at 25% strain TD (avg. 5) MPa 0 Stress at 50% strain TD (avg. 5) MPa 0 Stress at 100% strain TD (avg. 5) MPa 0 Secant modulus TD (1%) (avg. 5) MPa 19.718 TEA TD (avg.5) N 0 Elmendorf TD Tear Arm g 800 Elmendorf TD Tear (avg. 5) gf 246 § Slow puncture (avg. 5) -1 / 8 (Kraft) gf 330 § Slow puncture (avg. 5) -1 / 4 (D3) gf 656. ML / t / ZUZ! / UO I004 As shown by the data in Table 5 and Table 8, the brightness measured for a film containing HDPE nucleated skin layers (e.g., film E shown in Table 8) is substantially higher than the brightness measured for a film containing non-nucleated skin layers (e.g., film D shown in Table 5). Example 5 - Additional formulation for a machine-oriented polymer film In this experiment, a five-layer precursor film having a nucleated skin layer with HDPE was prepared using a blown film procedure and subsequently subjected to MD orientation to form machine-oriented polymer films in accordance with this disclosure. The five-layer precursor film was prepared from the X19-126B formulation shown in Table 9. MA / t / ZUZ I / UO I004 Table 9. Composition of X19-126B. EXTRUDER Layer % (Total) COMPONENT Amount of component (wt%) A 15.0 M6.020SB (Lyondell Basell, ALATHON® nucleated with HDPE) 84.0 5.400G (DOW ELITE™ mlLDPE-C8) 15.0 AMF705HF (A. Schulman / LYB Polybatch PPA) 1.0 B 20.0 5,940ST (DOW ELITE™ mlMDPE-C8) 100.0 C 30.0 5,400G (DOW ELITE™ mlLDPE-C8) 100.0 D 20.0 5,940ST (DOW ELITE™ mlMDPE-C8) 100.0 E 15.0 5,960G1 (DOW ELITE™ HDPEm) 99.0 AMF705HF (A. Schulman / LYB Polybatch PPA) 1.0 Example 6 - Additional formulation for a machine-oriented polymer film In this experiment, a five-layer precursor film having two skin layers nucleated with HDRE was prepared using a 5-film blowing procedure and subsequently subjected to MD orientation to form machine-oriented polymer films in accordance with this disclosure. The five-layer precursor film was prepared from formulation X19-045A.1 shown in Table 10. Table 10. ML / t / ZUZ I / UO 1004 Composition of X19-045A.1. EXTRUDER Layer % (Total) COMPONENT Component Quantity (% by weight) A 15.0 M6.020SB (Lyondell Basell, ALATHON® cored with HDPE) 100.0 B 30.0 5.940ST (DOW ELITE™ mlMDPE-C8) 100.0 C 10.0 PL1.850G (DOW AFFINITY™ POP) 98.0 AMF705HF (A. Schulman / LYB Polybatch PPA) 2.0 D 30.0 5.940ST (DOW ELITE™ mlMDPE-C8) 100.0 E 15.0 M6.020SB (Lyondell Basell, ALATHON® cored with HDPE) 100.0 The physical properties of a machine-oriented polymer film prepared from a precursor film derived from composition 15 X19-045A and having an initial thickness of 133.3 micrometers before being stretched in the machine direction at a stretch ratio of 5.8 to 1 are shown below in Table 11. Table 11. Physical properties of a polymer film oriented in the additional machine direction. MA / E / ZuZu / UO 1004 Formulation (Stretch Ratio) X19-045A.1 (5.8:1) Physical Property Units F Caliper (avg. 5) micrometers 24.9 Basis Weight (avg. 5) g / m2 23.05 Transparency (avg. 3) % 98.3 Cloudiness (avg. 3) % 4.5 Gloss (avg. 3) - In % at 45° 80.6 Gloss (avg. 3) - Outlet % at 45° 79.6 COF (avg. 3), Static - In / In — 0.480 COF (avg. 3), Static - Salt / Salt — 0.403 COF (avg. 3), Kinetic - In / In — 0.395 COF (avg. 3), Kinetic - Salt / Salt — 0.374 WVTR 3 / 31 micrometers (avg. 2) micrometers 24.4 WVTR 3 / 31 (avg. 2) g / 100 m2 / day 8.12 Heat shrinkage MD (avg. 3) 100C 30 s % 3 Heat shrinkage TD (avg. 3) 100C 30 s O / / o 0 Nominal tensile strength MD (avg. 5) micrometers 24.6 Maximum stress MD (avg. 5) MPa 1.344 Maximum strain MD (avg. 5) % 44 Tensile strength at break MD (avg. 5) MPa 1.336 Strain at break MD (avg. 5) % 51 Yield strength MD (avg. 5) MPa 461 Strain at yield MD (avg. 5) % 4 Tensile strength at a strain of 5 % MD (avg.5) MPa 610 Stress at a strain of 10% MD (avg. 5) MPa 1.013 Stress at a strain of 25% MD (avg. 5) MPa 1.310 Stress at a strain of 50% MD (avg. 5) MPa 1.323. Formulation (Stretch Ratio) X19-045A.1 (5.8:1) Tensile Strength at 100% Strain MD (avg. 5) MPa 0 Secant Modulus MD (1%) (avg. 5) MPa 13.583 TEA MD (avg. 5) N 76 Elmendorf Tear Strength MD Arm g 400 Elmendorf Tear Strength MD (avg. 5) gf 116 Nominal Tensile Strength TD (avg. 5) micrometers 24.4 Maximum Tensile Strength TD (avg. 5) MPa 272 Maximum Strain TD (avg. 5) % 5 Tensile Strength TD (avg. 5) MPa 157 Strain at Tensile Strength TD (avg. 5) % 291 Yield Strength TD (avg. 5) MPa 263 Yield Strain TD (avg. 5) % 4 Tensile Strength at 5% strain TD (avg. 5) MPa 271 Stress at 10% strain TD (avg. 5) MPa 231 Stress at 25% strain TD (avg. 5) MPa 160 Stress at 50% strain TD (avg. 5) MPa 133 Stress at 100% strain TD (avg. 5) MPa 138 Secant modulus TD (1%) (avg. 5) MPa 11.758 TEA TD (avg. 5) N 53 Elmendorf tear TD Arm g 1.600 Elmendorf tear TD (avg. 5) gf 510 Puncture (avg. 5) - 1 / 16 gf 783 Puncture (avg.5) - 1 / 8 gf 880. ML / t / ¿U¿ I / UO I004 The procedural conditions for preparing film F, which has the properties shown in Table 11, are summarized below in Table 12. The extrusion rate was 500 kg / hour, the stretch ratio was 5.8:1, the stretch distance was 60 mm, and the final gauge was 22.9 micrometers. Table 12. Online MDO procedure conditions for preparing a film from formulation X19-045M ML / t / ZUZ I / UD 1004 Roller Temperature (C) Speed ​​(m / min) Tension (N) Factor Preheat 1 120 33 230 Preheat 2 120 35.2 1.07 Preheat 3 120 36.6 1.04 Preheat 4 120 38.4 1.05 Slow draw 120 40.9 1.06 Fast draw 120 175 4.3 Anneal 1 120 171.7 0.98 Anneal 2 120 195 51 Cooling 1 85 194.2 60 Cooling 2 85 192.7 50 Additional features and advantages of these teachings may be described by the realizations defined in any of the following listed clauses. It should be understood that any of the realizations described herein may be used in conjunction with any other realizations described herein to the extent that the realizations do not contradict one another. 1. A machine-oriented polymer film comprising a first skin layer comprising polyethylene and a first nucleating agent, a core layer comprising polyethylene, and a second skin layer comprising polyethylene, wherein the machine-oriented polymer film has a machine-direction breaking strength of less than approximately 300%, a brightness at 45 degrees greater than approximately 1%, and a haze of less than approximately 30%. 2. The machine-oriented polymer film of clause 1 wherein the polyethylene of the first skin layer, the polyethylene of the core layer, and the polyethylene of the second skin layer are each independently selected from the group consisting of high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, medium-density polyethylene, ultra-low-density polyethylene, and a combination thereof. 3. The machine-oriented polymer film of clause 1 or clause 2 wherein the polyethylene of the first skin layer comprises high-density polyethylene. 4. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of the preceding clauses wherein each of the polyethylene of the first skin layer and the polyethylene of the second skin layer comprises high-density polyethylene. 5. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of the preceding clauses wherein the second skin layer further comprises a second nucleating agent. 6. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of the above clauses wherein the first nucleating agent and the second nucleating agent are the same. 7. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of the above clauses wherein the first nucleating agent and the second nucleating agent are different. 8. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of the preceding clauses wherein the nucleating agent comprises from approximately 0.1% to approximately 7% by weight of the first skin layer. 9. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of the preceding clauses wherein the nucleating agent comprises a compound having formula I ML / t / ¿U¿ I / UO I004 ML / t / ZUZ I / UD 1004 10. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of the preceding clauses wherein the nucleating agent of the first skin layer comprises from approximately 0.1% to approximately 7% by weight of the first skin layer, and the nucleating agent of the second skin layer comprises from approximately 0.1% to approximately 7% by weight of the second skin layer. 11. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of the preceding clauses wherein the core layer further comprises a nucleating agent. 12. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of the above clauses wherein the yield strength at break in the machine direction is less than approximately 250%. 13. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of the above clauses wherein the yield strength at break in the machine direction is less than approximately 200%. 14. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of the above clauses wherein the yield strength at break in the machine direction is less than approximately 150%. 15. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of the above clauses wherein the yield strength at break in the machine direction is less than approximately 125%. 16. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of the above clauses wherein the yield strength at break in the machine direction is less than approximately 100%. 17. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of the above clauses wherein the yield strength at break in the machine direction is less than approximately 90%. 18. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of the above clauses wherein the yield strength at break in the machine direction is less than approximately 80%. 19. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of the above clauses wherein the yield strength at break in the machine direction is less than approximately 70%. 20. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of the above clauses wherein the yield strength at break in the machine direction is less than approximately 60%. 21. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of the above clauses wherein the yield strength at break in the machine direction is between approximately 20% and approximately 60%. 22. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of the preceding clauses wherein the machine-oriented polymer film has a brightness at 45 degrees greater than approximately 35%. 23. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of the preceding clauses wherein the machine-oriented polymer film has a brightness at 45 degrees greater than approximately 40%. 24. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of the preceding clauses wherein the machine-oriented polymer film has a brightness at 45 degrees greater than approximately 50%. 25. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of the preceding clauses wherein the machine-oriented polymer film ML / t / ZUZ I / UO 1004 machine direction has a brightness at 45 degrees greater than approximately 60%. 26. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of the preceding clauses wherein the machine-oriented polymer film has a brightness at 45 degrees greater than approximately 70%. 27. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of the preceding clauses wherein the machine-oriented polymer film has a brightness at 45 degrees greater than approximately 80%. 28. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of the preceding clauses wherein the machine-oriented polymer film has a brightness at 45 degrees of between approximately 60% and approximately 85%. 29. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of the preceding clauses wherein the machine-oriented polymer film has a brightness at 45 degrees of less than approximately 25%. 30. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of the above clauses wherein the machine-oriented polymer film has a haze of less than approximately 30%. 31. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of the above clauses in which the turbidity is less than approximately 25%. 32. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of the above clauses in which the turbidity is less than approximately 20%. 33. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of the above clauses in which the turbidity is less than approximately 15%. 34. The machine-oriented polymer film of a ML / t / ZUZ I / UO I004 any of the above clauses in which the turbidity is less than approximately 10%. 35. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of the above clauses in which the turbidity is less than approximately 8%. 36. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of the above clauses wherein the turbidity is between approximately 3% and approximately 21%. 37. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of the above clauses wherein the turbidity is between approximately 3% and approximately 6%. 38. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of the above clauses in which the turbidity is greater than approximately 50%. 39. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of the preceding clauses further comprising a first sub-skin layer sandwiched between the first skin layer and the core layer, wherein the first sub-skin layer comprises polyethylene. 40. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of the preceding clauses wherein the polyethylene of the first sub-skin layer is selected from the group consisting of low-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, ultra-low-density polyethylene, and a combination thereof. 41. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of the preceding clauses wherein the polyethylene of the first sub-skin layer comprises low-density polyethylene. 42. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of the preceding clauses wherein the polyethylene of the first sub-skin layer comprises linear low-density polyethylene. 43. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of the preceding clauses further comprising a first layer of ML / t / ZUZ I / UO I004 subskin interposed between the first skin layer and the core layer and a second subskin layer interposed between the second skin layer and the core layer, wherein each of the first subskin layer and the second subskin layer independently comprises a polyethylene. 44. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of the preceding clauses wherein the polyethylene of the first sub-skin layer and the polyethylene of the second sub-skin layer are independently selected from the group consisting of low-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, ultra-low-density polyethylene, and a combination thereof. 45. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of the preceding clauses wherein the polyethylene of the first sub-skin layer and the polyethylene of the second sub-skin layer each independently comprise a low-density polyethylene. 46. ​​The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of the preceding clauses wherein the polyethylene of the first sub-skin layer and the polyethylene of the second sub-skin layer each independently comprise a linear low-density polyethylene. 47. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of the preceding clauses wherein the polymer film has a thickness of less than approximately 50.8 micrometers. 48. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of the preceding clauses wherein the polymer film has a thickness of less than approximately 38.1 micrometers. 49. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of the preceding clauses wherein the polymer film has a thickness of less than approximately 25.4 micrometers. 50. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of the preceding clauses wherein the first skin layer has a melting point greater than or equal to approximately 115 °C. 51. A machine-oriented polymeric film that MA / t / ZUZ I / UD 1004 comprises a first skin layer comprising (a) high-density polyethylene, medium-density polyethylene, linear medium-density polyethylene, or a combination thereof, and (b) a first nucleating agent, a core layer comprising polyethylene, a first underskin layer sandwiched between the first skin layer and the core layer, the first underskin layer comprising polyethylene, the second skin layer comprising polyethylene, and a second underskin layer sandwiched between the second skin layer and the core layer, the second underskin layer comprising polyethylene, wherein the machine-direction oriented polymer film has a machine-direction breaking strength of less than approximately 300%, a brightness at 45 degrees between approximately 60% and 85%, and a haze between approximately 3% and 21%. 52. The machine-oriented polymer film of clause 51 wherein the second skin layer further comprises a second nucleating agent. 53. The machine-oriented polymer film of clause 51 or clause 52 wherein the first nucleating agent and the second nucleating agent are the same. 54. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 51-53 wherein the first nucleating agent and the second nucleating agent are different. 55. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 51-54 wherein the first nucleating agent comprises from approximately 0.1% to approximately 7% by weight of the first skin layer. 56. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 51-55 wherein the nucleating agent comprises a compound having formula I ML / t / ZUZ I / UO I004 57. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 51-56 wherein the first nucleating agent comprises from approximately 0.1% to approximately 7% by weight of the first skin layer and the second nucleating agent comprises from approximately 0.1% to approximately 7% by weight of the second skin layer. 58. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 51-57 wherein the core layer further comprises a nucleating agent. 59. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of clauses 51-58 wherein the yield strength at break in the machine direction is less than approximately 200%. 60. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of clauses 51-59 wherein the yield strength at break in the machine direction is less than approximately 150%. 61. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of clauses 51-60 wherein the yield strength at break in the machine direction is less than approximately 100%. 62. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 51-61 wherein the turbidity is between approximately 3% and approximately 6%. 63. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of clauses 51-62 wherein the first skin layer comprises high-density polyethylene. 64. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 51-63 wherein the polyethylene of the second skin layer comprises high-density polyethylene. 65. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 51-64 wherein each of the first skin layer and the second skin layer independently comprises from about 5% to about 45% by weight of the machine-oriented polymer film, wherein each of the first underskin layer and the second underskin layer independently comprises from about 3% to about 25% by weight of the machine-oriented polymer film, and wherein the core layer comprises from about 10% to about 80% by weight of the machine-oriented polymer film. 66. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 51-65 wherein each of the first skin layer and the second skin layer independently comprises from about 10% to about 40% by weight of the machine-oriented polymer film, wherein each of the first underskin layer and the second underskin layer independently comprises from about 5% to about 20% by weight of the machine-oriented polymer film, and wherein the core layer comprises from about 10% to about 60% by weight of the machine-oriented polymer film. 67. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 51-66 wherein the film has a thickness between approximately 7.62 micrometers and approximately 50.8 micrometers. 68. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 51-67 wherein the film has a thickness between approximately 10.2 micrometers and approximately 31.8 micrometers. 69. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of clauses 51-68 wherein the film has a thickness of less than ML / t / ZUZ I / UD IDO4 approximately 25.4 micrometers. 70. A machine-oriented polymer film comprising a first skin layer comprising high-density polyethylene and a first nucleating agent, a core layer comprising polyethylene, a first sub-skin layer sandwiched between the first skin layer and the core layer, the first sub-skin layer comprising linear medium-density metallocene polyethylene, comprising a second skin layer of high-density polyethylene, and a second sub-skin layer sandwiched between the second skin layer and the core layer, the second sub-skin layer comprising linear medium-density metallocene polyethylene, wherein each of the first skin layer and the second skin layer independently comprises from approximately 5% to approximately 45% by weight of the machine-oriented polymer film,wherein each of the first underskin layer and the second underskin layer independently comprises from approximately 3% to approximately 25% by weight of the machine-direction oriented polymer film, wherein the core layer comprises from approximately 10% to approximately 80% by weight of the machine-direction oriented polymer film, wherein the machine-direction oriented polymer film has a yield strength at break in the machine direction of less than approximately 150%, a brightness at 45 degrees between approximately 60% and 85%, and a haze between approximately 3% and 21%, and wherein the machine-direction oriented polymer film has a thickness of less than approximately 25.4 micrometers. 71. The machine-oriented polymer film of clause 70 wherein the second skin layer further comprises a second ML / t / ZU¿ I / UO I004 nucleating agent, and in which the first nucleating agent and the second nucleating agent are the same. 72. A packaging article comprising the machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of the preceding clauses and a sealing strip, wherein the machine-oriented polymeric film is laminated over the sealing strip. 73. The packaging article of clause 72 wherein the packaging article is selected from the group consisting of a stand-up pouch, a butterfly pouch, a bag and a container lid. 74. A packaging article comprising the machine-oriented polymer film of any one of the preceding clauses and a moisture barrier strip, wherein the machine-oriented polymer film is laminated over the moisture barrier strip. 75. The packaging article of clause 74 in which the moisture barrier band has oxygen barrier properties. 76. The packaging article of clause 74 or clause 75 in which the packaging article is selected from the group consisting of a stand-up pouch, a butterfly pouch, a bag and a container lid. 77. A process for preparing a machine-oriented polymer film comprising the steps of preheating a precursor film below the melting temperature of a polymer contained in the precursor film to form a preheated precursor film, the precursor film comprising a first skin layer comprising polyethylene, a core layer comprising polyethylene, and a second skin layer comprising polyethylene; stretching the preheated precursor film in the machine direction at a stretch ratio greater than or equal to approximately 5:1 at a temperature below the melting temperature of the polymer to form a machine-oriented stretched film; and annealing the machine-oriented stretched film to ML / t / ZUZ I / UO 1004 form the polymer film oriented in the machine direction. 78. The procedure in clause 77 in which the stretch ratio is greater than or equal to approximately 6:1. 79. The procedure of clause 77 or clause 78 in which the stretch ratio is greater than or equal to approximately 7:1. 80. The procedure of any one of clauses 77-79 in which the stretch ratio is greater than or equal to approximately 8:1. 81. The procedure of any one of clauses 77-80 wherein preheating is carried out at a temperature between approximately 200 °F and approximately 260 °F. 82. The procedure of any one of clauses 77-81 wherein the stretching in the machine direction is carried out at a temperature between approximately 180 °F and approximately 260 °F. 83. The process of any one of clauses 77-82 wherein the annealing is carried out at a temperature between approximately 200 °F and approximately 260 °F. 84. The process of any one of clauses 77-83 wherein preheating is carried out at a temperature between approximately 200 °F and approximately 260 °F, wherein machine-directed stretching is carried out at a temperature between approximately 180 °F and approximately 260 °F, and wherein annealing is carried out at a temperature between approximately 200 °F and approximately 260 °F. 85. The procedure of any one of clauses 77-84 which further comprises the step of cooling the machine-oriented polymer film after annealing. 86. The procedure of any one of clauses 77-85 in which cooling is carried out at a temperature between approximately 250 °F and approximately 70 °F. 87. The process of any one of clauses 77-86 which further comprises coextruding at least a first composition, a second composition and MA / t / ¿U¿ I / UO I004 a third composition to form a molten band, the first composition forming the first skin layer, the second composition forming the core layer and the third composition forming the second skin layer, wherein the first composition and the third composition are identical or different, and cooling the molten band to form the precursor film. 88. The process of any one of clauses 77-87 in which coextrusion, cooling, preheating, stretching and annealing are achieved sequentially in an online process. 89. The procedure of any one of clauses 77-88 in which the coextrusion and cooling are carried out separately from the heating, stretching and annealing. 90. A machine-oriented polymer film comprising a first skin layer comprising polyethylene, a core layer comprising an oxygen barrier polymer, a second skin layer comprising polyethylene, a first co-extrusion adhesive layer interposed between the first skin layer and the core layer, the first co-extrusion adhesive layer comprising a first co-extrusion adhesive resin, and a second co-extrusion adhesive layer interposed between the second skin layer and the core layer, the second co-extrusion adhesive layer comprising a second co-extrusion adhesive resin, wherein the first co-extrusion adhesive resin and the second co-extrusion adhesive resin are the same or different, wherein the machine-oriented polymer film has a yield strength at break in the machine direction of less than approximately 100%.and a secant modulus at 1% in the machine direction of approximately 225,000 pounds per square inch. 91. The machine-oriented polymer film of clause 90 wherein the first skin layer comprises medium-density polyethylene, linear medium-density polyethylene, or a combination thereof. ML / t / ZUZ I / UD 1004 92. The machine-oriented polymeric film of clause 90 or clause 91 wherein the first skin layer comprises high-density polyethylene. 93. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 90-92 wherein the oxygen barrier polymer comprises ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), a polyamide, a polyester or poly(vinylidene chloride). 94. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 90-93 wherein the oxygen barrier polymer comprises ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH). 95. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 90-94 wherein each of the first coextrusion adhesive layer and the second coextrusion adhesive layer independently comprises an anhydride-modified polyethylene or a copolymer thereof. 96. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 90-95 further comprising a first compatibilizing layer sandwiched between the first skin layer and the first coextrusion adhesive layer, the first compatibilizing layer comprising a first compatibilizing resin, and a second compatibilizing layer sandwiched between the second skin layer and the second coextrusion adhesive layer, the second compatibilizing layer comprising a second compatibilizing resin, wherein the first compatibilizing resin and the second compatibilizing resin are the same or different. 97. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 90-96 wherein each of the first compatibilizing layer and the second compatibilizing layer independently comprises a polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride. 98. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 90-97 wherein each of the first compatibilizing layer and the second compatibilizing layer independently comprises ML / t / ZU¿ I / UO I004 a polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride and a polymer selected from the group consisting of linear low-density metallocene polyethylene (mlLDPE) and high-density polyethylene. 99. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 90-98 wherein the polyethylene of the second skin layer comprises low-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, ultra-low-density polyethylene, or a combination thereof. 100. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 90-99 wherein the polyethylene of the second skin layer comprises high-density polyethylene. 101. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of clauses 90-100 wherein the first skin layer further comprises a nucleating agent. 102. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 90-101 wherein the nucleating agent comprises from approximately 0.1% to approximately 7% by weight of the first skin layer. 103. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 90-102 wherein the nucleating agent comprises a compound having formula I ΜΑ / Ε / ΖυΖΊ / UO 1004 °^=\ / ^=0\Θ Θ / oo @® Ca Yo 104. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 90-103 wherein each of the first skin layer and the second skin layer independently further comprises a nucleating agent. 105. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of clauses 90-104 wherein the nucleating agent of the first skin layer comprises from approximately 0.1% to approximately 7% by weight of the first skin layer, and the nucleating agent of the second skin layer comprises from approximately 0.1% to approximately 7% by weight of the second skin layer. 106. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of clauses 90-105 wherein the yield strength at break in the machine direction is less than approximately 50%. 107. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of clauses 90-106 wherein the yield strength at break in the machine direction is less than approximately 30%. 108. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of clauses 90-107 wherein the 1% machine-direction secant modulus is greater than approximately 250,000 pounds per square inch. 109. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of clauses 90-108 wherein the 1% machine-direction secant modulus is greater than approximately 300,000 pounds per square inch. 110. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 90-109 wherein the machine-oriented polymer film has a brightness greater than approximately 65%. 111. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 90-110 in which the brightness is greater than approximately 70%. 112. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 90-111 wherein the machine-oriented polymer film has a brightness greater than approximately 20%. 113. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 90-112 wherein the machine-oriented polymer film has a haze of less than approximately 10%. MA / t / ZUZ I / UO I004 114. The polymeric film oriented to any of clauses 90-113 by approximately 20%. 115. The polymeric film oriented to any of clauses 90-114 by approximately 15%. 116. The polymeric film oriented to any of clauses 90-115 by approximately 10%. 117. The polymeric film oriented to any of clauses 90-116 by approximately 8%. 118. The polymeric film oriented to any of clauses 90-117 by approximately 5%. 119. The machine-oriented polymeric film of one in which the turbidity is less than in the machine direction of one in which the turbidity is less than in the machine direction of one in which the turbidity is less than in the machine direction of one in which the turbidity is less than in the machine direction of one in which the turbidity is less than in the machine direction of one ML / t / ¿U¿ I / UO I004 any of clauses 90-118 wherein the first skin layer has a melting point that is greater than or equal to approximately 115 °C. 120. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 90-119 wherein the first skin layer has a melting point that is greater than or equal to approximately 127 °C. 121. The machine-direction oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 90-120 wherein the machine-direction oriented polymer film has a machine-direction tensile strength greater than approximately 25,000 pounds per square inch. 122. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 90-121 further comprising a first underskin layer sandwiched between the first skin layer and the first compatibilizer layer and a second underskin layer sandwiched between the second skin layer and the second compatibilizer layer. 123. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 90-122, wherein each of the first underskin layer and the second underskin layer independently comprises a polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride. 124. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 90-123 wherein each of the first sub-skin layer and the second sub-skin layer further comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of linear low-density metallocene polyethylene (mlLDPE), high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, ultra-low-density polyethylene, and a combination thereof. 125. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 90-124 wherein each of the first sub-skin layer and the second sub-skin layer further comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of linear low-density metallocene polyethylene (mlLDPE) and high-density polyethylene. 126. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of clauses 90-125 further comprising a first underskin layer sandwiched between the first skin layer and the first compatibilizer layer and a second underskin layer sandwiched between the second skin layer and the second compatibilizer layer, wherein each of the first underskin layer and the second underskin layer independently comprises a polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride and a high-density polyethylene. 127. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 90-126 wherein the polymer film has a thickness of less than approximately 50.8 micrometers. 128. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 90-127 wherein the polymer film has a thickness of less than approximately 38.1 micrometers. 129. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 90-128 wherein the polymer film has a thickness of less than approximately 25.4 micrometers. 130. A machine-oriented polymeric film that ML / t / ZUZ I / UO 1004 comprises a first skin layer comprising polyethylene, a core layer comprising an oxygen barrier polymer, a second skin layer comprising polyethylene, a first coextrusion adhesive layer interposed between the first skin layer and the core layer, the first coextrusion adhesive layer comprising a first coextrusion adhesive resin, the first coextrusion adhesive resin comprising an anhydride-modified polyethylene or a copolymer thereof, a second coextrusion adhesive layer interposed between the second skin layer and the core layer, the second coextrusion adhesive layer comprising a second coextrusion adhesive resin, the second coextrusion adhesive resin comprising an anhydride-modified polyethylene or a copolymer thereof, wherein the first coextrusion adhesive resin and the second coextrusion adhesive resin are the same or different,a first compatibilizer layer interposed between the first skin layer and the first coextrusion adhesive layer, the first compatibilizer layer comprising a polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride, and a second compatibilizer layer interposed between the second skin layer and the second coextrusion adhesive layer, the second compatibilizer layer comprising a polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride, wherein the machine-direction oriented polymer film has a machine-direction yield strength at break of less than approximately 100%, and a 1% machine-direction secant modulus greater than approximately 225,000 pounds per square inch. 131. The machine-oriented polymeric film of clause 130 wherein the first skin layer comprises medium-density polyethylene. 132. The machine-oriented polymeric film of clause 130 or clause 131 wherein the first skin layer comprises high-density polyethylene. ML / t / ZUZ I / UD 1004 133. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of clauses 130-132 wherein the first skin layer comprises linear medium-density polyethylene. 134. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 130-133 wherein the oxygen barrier polymer comprises ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH). 135. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 130-134 wherein each of the first co-extrusion adhesive layer and the second co-extrusion adhesive layer further comprises linear low-density metallocene polyethylene (mlLDPE). 136. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 130-135 wherein each of the first compatibilizing layer and the second compatibilizing layer further comprises polymer selected from the group consisting of linear low-density metallocene polyethylene (mlLDPE) and high-density polyethylene. 137. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 130-136 further comprising a first underskin layer sandwiched between the first skin layer and the first compatibilizer layer and a second underskin layer sandwiched between the second skin layer and the second compatibilizer layer. 138. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 130-137, wherein each of the first underskin layer and the second underskin layer independently comprises a polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride. 139. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 130-138 wherein each of the first sub-skin layer and the second sub-skin layer further comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of linear low-density metallocene polyethylene (mlLDPE) and high-density polyethylene. 140. The machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of clauses 130-139 wherein each of the first skin layer and ML / t / ZUZ I / UD 1004 the second skin layer independently comprises from approximately 5% to approximately 45% by weight of machine-oriented polymer film, wherein each of the first compatibilizer layer and the second compatibilizer layer comprises from approximately 3% to approximately 40% by weight of machine-oriented polymer film, wherein each of the first coextrusion adhesive layer and the second coextrusion adhesive layer independently comprises from approximately 3% to approximately 25% by weight of machine-oriented polymer film, and wherein the core layer comprises from approximately 2% to approximately 80% by weight of machine-oriented polymer film. 141. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 130-140 wherein each of the first skin layer and the second skin layer independently comprises from approximately 5% to approximately 45% by weight of the machine-oriented polymer film, wherein each of the first underskin layer and the second underskin layer comprises from approximately 5% to approximately 40% by weight of the machine-oriented film, wherein each of the first compatibilizer layer and the second compatibilizer layer comprises from approximately 3% to approximately 40% by weight of the machine-oriented polymer film,wherein each of the first coextrusion adhesive layer and the second coextrusion adhesive layer independently comprises from approximately 3% to approximately 25% by weight of machine-direction oriented polymer film, and wherein the core layer comprises from approximately 2% to approximately 80% by weight of machine-direction oriented polymer film. 142. The machine-oriented polymer film of any one of clauses 130-141 wherein each of the first skin layer and the second skin layer independently comprises from approximately 10% to approximately 30% by weight of the machine-oriented polymer film, wherein each of the first underskin layer and the second underskin layer independently comprises from approximately 5% to approximately 20% by weight of the machine-oriented polymer film, wherein each of the first compatibilizer layer and the second compatibilizer layer comprises from approximately 3% to approximately 25% by weight of the machine-oriented polymer film,wherein each of the first coextrusion adhesive layer and the second coextrusion adhesive layer independently comprises from approximately 3% to approximately 25% by weight of machine-direction oriented polymer film, and wherein the core layer comprises from approximately 2% to approximately 80% by weight of machine-direction oriented polymer film. 143. A packaging article comprising the machine-oriented polymeric film of any one of clauses 1-71 and 90142 and a sealing strip, wherein the machine-oriented polymeric film is laminated over the sealing strip. 144. The packaging article of clause 143 wherein the packaging article is selected from the group consisting of a stand-up pouch, a butterfly pouch, a bag and a container lid.

Claims

1. A machine-oriented polymer film comprising a first skin layer comprising polyethylene and a first nucleating agent, a core layer comprising polyethylene, and a second skin layer comprising polyethylene, wherein the machine-oriented polymer film has a machine-direction breaking strength of less than approximately 300%, a brightness at 45 degrees greater than approximately 30%, and a haze of less than approximately 30%.

2. The machine-oriented polymer film of claim 1 wherein the polyethylene of the first skin layer, the polyethylene of the core layer, and the polyethylene of the second skin layer are each independently selected from the group consisting of high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, medium-density polyethylene, ultra-low-density polyethylene, and a combination thereof.

3. The machine-oriented polymer film of claim 1 wherein the polyethylene of the first skin layer comprises high-density polyethylene.

4. The machine-oriented polymer film of claim 1 wherein each of the polyethylene of the first skin layer and the polyethylene of the second skin layer comprises high-density polyethylene.

5. The machine-oriented polymer film of claim 1 wherein the second skin layer further comprises a second nucleating agent. ML / t / ZUZ I / UO 1004 6. The machine-oriented polymer film of claim 1 wherein the nucleating agent comprises from approximately 0.1% to approximately 7% by weight of the first skin layer. ML / t / ZUZ I / UO 1004 7. The machine-oriented polymer film of claim 1 wherein the nucleating agent comprises a compound having formula I @® Ca 8. The machine-direction oriented polymer film of claim 1 wherein the yield strength at break in the machine direction is less than approximately 250%.

9. The machine-direction oriented polymer film of claim 1 wherein the yield strength at break in the machine direction is less than approximately 200%.

10. The machine-direction oriented polymer film of claim 1 wherein the yield strength at break in the machine direction is less than approximately 100%.

11. The machine-direction oriented polymer film of claim 1 wherein the yield strength at break in the machine direction is less than approximately 60%.

12. The machine-direction oriented polymer film of claim 1 wherein the machine-direction oriented polymer film has a brightness at 45 degrees greater than approximately 40%.

13. The machine-direction oriented polymer film of claim 1 wherein the machine-direction oriented polymer film has a brightness at 45 degrees between approximately 60% and approximately 85%.

14. The machine-oriented polymer film of claim 1 wherein the turbidity is less than approximately 20%.

15. The machine-oriented polymer film of claim 1 wherein the turbidity is between approximately 3% and approximately 21%.

16. The machine-oriented polymer film of claim 1 wherein the turbidity is between approximately 3% and approximately 6%.

17. The machine-oriented polymer film of claim 1 wherein the polymer film has a thickness less than approximately 50.8 micrometers.

18. A machine-oriented polymer film comprising a first skin layer comprising (a) high-density polyethylene, medium-density polyethylene, linear medium-density polyethylene, or a combination thereof, and (b) a first nucleating agent, a core layer comprising polyethylene, a first underskin layer sandwiched between the first skin layer and the core layer, the first underskin layer comprising polyethylene, the second skin layer comprising polyethylene, and a second underskin layer sandwiched between the second skin layer and the core layer, the second underskin layer comprising polyethylene, wherein the machine-oriented polymer film has a machine-direction breaking strength of less than approximately 300%, a brightness at 45 degrees between approximately 60% and 85%, and a haze between approximately 3% and 21%.

19. A machine-oriented polymer film comprising a first skin layer comprising high-density polyethylene and a first nucleating agent, a core layer comprising polyethylene, a first sub-skin layer sandwiched between the first skin layer and the core layer, the first sub-skin layer comprising linear medium-density metallocene polyethylene, comprising a second skin layer of high-density polyethylene, and a second sub-skin layer sandwiched between the second skin layer and the core layer, the second sub-skin layer comprising linear medium-density metallocene polyethylene, wherein each of the first skin layer and the second skin layer independently comprises from approximately 5% to approximately 45% by weight of the machine-oriented polymer film,wherein each of the first underskin layer and the second underskin layer independently comprises from approximately 3% to approximately 25% by weight of machine-oriented polymer film, wherein the core layer comprises from approximately 10% to approximately 80% by weight of machine-oriented polymer film, wherein the machine-oriented polymer film has a yield strength at break in the machine direction of less than approximately 150%, a gloss at 45 degrees between approximately 60% and 85%, and a haze between approximately 3% and 21%, and wherein the machine-oriented polymer film has a thickness of less than approximately 25.4 micrometers. 10 20. The machine-oriented polymer film of claim 19 wherein the second skin layer further comprises a second nucleating agent, and wherein the first nucleating agent and the second nucleating agent are the same.