POLYOL COMPONENT AND USE THEREOF TO PRODUCE RIGID POLYURETHANE FOAMS.

Abstract

The invention relates to a polyol component P) comprising at least three different polyether polyols A) to C), to a method for producing rigid polyurethane foams using the polyol component P) and to rigid polyurethane foams produced therefrom.

Description

POLYOL COMPONENT AND ITS USE IN PRODUCING RIGID POLYURETHANE FOAMS Description The invention relates to a polyol component P), a method for producing rigid polyurethane foams using the polyol component P), and rigid polyurethane foams produced with the polyol component P). Rigid polyurethane (PU) foams can be produced in a known manner by reacting organic polyisocyanates with one or more compounds having at least two isocyanate-reactive groups, preferably polyether, polyester and / or polyether ester alcohols (polyols), in the presence of blowing agents, catalysts and optionally auxiliaries and / or adjuvants. Rigid PU foams are frequently used in the production of refrigeration equipment. In this case, the refrigeration unit casings are typically filled with the polyisocyanate mixture, and the rigid PU foam forms in situ between the two layers that constitute the inner and outer linings of the refrigeration unit. To ensure the stability of the resulting composite structure, the rigid PU foams must exhibit good adhesion to the inner and outer lining materials (e.g., metal, high-impact polystyrene, etc.). Important for high performance during the foaming stage, and therefore for high productivity in refrigerator production, good demolding behavior is a fundamental property of the rigid PU foams used.This behavior is evident, for example, from the minimal subsequent expansion of the freshly cured rigid PU foam. Furthermore, the rigid PU foam is required to exhibit good thermal insulation. There is a need for rigid PU foams whose properties in this combination are further improved compared to those known in the prior art. WO 2018 / 177941 A1 describes a polyol component for producing rigid PU foams, comprising a polyether polyol having a functionality of 5.7 to 6.4 and a hydroxyl number of 300 to 500 mg KOH / g, a polyether polyol having a functionality of 3.0 to 5.0 and a hydroxyl number of 300 to 500 mg KOH / g, and a polyether polyol having a functionality of 2.8 to 5.0 and a hydroxyl number of 100 to 290 mg KOH / g. It is an object of the present invention to provide a polyol component that, in relation to known polyol components in the prior art, leads to further improvements in rigid PU foams produced therefrom. The objective was to combine improved demolding times with good adhesion and thermal insulation properties of rigid PU foams prepared according to the present invention. This object is achieved by means of a polyol component P) comprising: a) one or more polyether polyols A) having a number of OH in the range of 300 to 520 mg of ci ci ι η / ι ζηζ / E / γ KOH / g, selected from reaction products of monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, polyhydric alcohols, alkoxylation products of the aforementioned compounds or mixtures thereof with alkylene oxides; b) one or more polyether polyols B) with a number of OH in the range of 320 to 500 mg KOH / g, selected from reaction products of aromatic diamines with alkylene oxides; c) one or more polyether polyols C) having a number of OH in the range of 15 to 60 mg KOH / g, selected from reaction products of monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, polyhydric alcohols, water or mixtures thereof with alkylene oxides; d) optionally one or more polyols D) that are different from polyether polyols A), B) and C); e) optionally one or more catalysts E); f) optionally one or more additional components F) selected from auxiliaries and adjuvants; and g) optionally one or more blowing agents G) selected from chemical blowing agents G1) and physical blowing agents G2). The object is also achieved through a method for producing rigid polyurethane foams by means of the reaction of I) diisocyanates or polyisocyanates Pl) or mixtures of these with II) a polyol component P). The object is also achieved by means of a rigid polyurethane foam that can be obtained by the method of the invention and also by using the polyol component P) of the invention to produce rigid polyurethane foams. The object is also achieved by using polyurethane foam produced by the method of the invention for insulation and cooling applications. Surprisingly, the presence of polyether polyol C) in the polyol component P) of the invention results in a significant improvement in the adhesion properties of the rigid PU foams produced with it, accompanied by good to improved demolding times and good to improved thermal insulation. Polyether polyols along the lines of polyether polyol C) could be conveniently obtained as recycled products from flexible foam applications, such as, for example, from used mattresses. The invention is described in more detail below. The number of OH groups (hydroxyl number) can be determined using common methods. For example, the number of OH groups can be determined according to DIN 53240 (1971-12). In the context of the present invention, the functionality of a polyol, especially that of polyether polyols A), B), C), and D), for use according to the invention, indicates the number of hydrogen atoms per mole of initiator compound or per mole of mixture of initiator compounds that are reactive with alkylene oxide before the alkylene oxide is fed. This feeding of the alkylene oxide marks the beginning of the addition of the Cl Cl I n / l 7P7 / B / Y alkylene oxide component to the initiating compounds. The calculation takes into account all the hydrogen atoms reactive with alkylene oxide that are present in the initiating mixture and that are the atoms of the initiating compounds. Functionality F within the meaning of the present invention is calculated using the following Formula (I): Cl Cl I n / l 7Π7 / Β / Υ = mole of initiator i fí = functionality of initiator im = amount of initiators in the initiator mixture F = functionality The functionality F of a polyol prepared from a mixture of two starter compounds (m = 2) is calculated as follows: F = (mol of initiator compound A * functionality of initiator compound A + mol of initiator compound B * functionality of initiator compound B) / (mol of initiator A + mol of initiator B). In the case of additional starter molecules, the formula is supplemented accordingly. Thus, for example, a polyether polyol has a functionality of 5.12 if 626.48 mol of glycerol (functionality 3), 559.74 mol of sucrose (functionality 8), and 67.31 mol of dimethylethanolamine (functionality 1) are used. The functionality F determined by the formula presented above is also called equivalent functionality and is known to the person of the middle level of the trade as an easily accessible method for determining the functionality of polyols; see M. Ionescu Chemistry and Technology of Polyols for Polyurethanes, 2005 Rapra Technology Limited, pages 34 to 39. The functionality defined above according to the invention for polyether polyols A), B), C), and D) may differ from the functionality after the start of the addition of at least one alkylene oxide, i.e., during the reaction of the at least one alkylene oxide with an initiator compound, or from the reaction product, due to the formation during the reaction of byproducts such as glycols and unsaturated monofunctional constituents. Such side reactions are known in the literature. The functionality of polyether polyols A), B), C), and D) may therefore also be referred to as the functionality of the initiator or initiator mixture used to prepare the polyol in question. According to the definition of functionality given above, for example, a polyether polyol having a functionality in the range of 4.6 to 6.5, selected from reaction products of monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, polyhydric alcohols, alkoxylation products of the aforementioned compounds, or mixtures thereof with alkylene oxides, means that the monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, polyhydric alcohols, alkoxylation products of the aforementioned compounds, or mixtures thereof used for reaction with the alkylene oxides have an equivalent functionality of 4.6 to 6.5 according to Formula (I). A polyether polyol according to the present invention is an organic compound having at least ether groups and OH groups as functional groups. The polyether polyol typically has from 2 to 20 OH groups, preferably from 2 to 10 OH groups, and more preferably from 2 to 8 OH groups. Within the scope of the present invention, the limits of the specified ranges are preferably included. Therefore, for example, the range from 5.2 to 6.4 includes the values ​​5.2 and 6.4. The respective polyether polyols A), B), C) and polyol D) are different from each other according to the present invention. Polyether polyols A), B), C), and D) are selected from reaction products of various initiators with alkylene oxides. Suitable alkylene oxides are selected, for example, from C2-C4 alkylene oxides. These include ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, 1,2- and 2,3-butylene oxide, and mixtures thereof. Propylene oxide, ethylene oxide, and mixtures thereof are particularly preferred. The alkylene oxides can be used individually, alternately in succession, and / or as mixtures. Polyether polyol A) The polyol component P) comprises one or more polyether polyols A) having a number of OH in the range of 300 to 520 mg KOH / g, preferably in the range of 390 to 520 mg KOH / g. Polyether polyols (A) are selected from reaction products of monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, polyhydric alcohols, alkoxylation products of the aforementioned compounds, or mixtures thereof with alkylene oxides. The monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, polyhydric alcohols, and alkoxylation products of the aforementioned compounds used according to the invention comprise at least two OH groups reactive with alkylene oxide and, in the context of the present invention, are also referred to as initiator compound (SA) or initiator (SA). The term initiator compound encompasses the concepts of initiator compound and initiating compounds. In the reaction with alkylene oxides, the alkylene oxides are added to the initiator compounds, generally with the use of a catalyst. This reaction is known per se to a person of intermediate skill. The polyhydric alcohols used as starter compounds (SA) for polyether polyols (A) are preferably organic compounds having 2 to 20 OH groups, with a higher preference for 2 to 10 OH groups and a very particular preference for 3 to 8 OH groups. They are preferably selected from monomers, dimers, and trimers. The molecular weight is preferably up to 400 g / mol, with a higher preference for up to 300 g / mol and a very particular preference for up to 200 g / mol. Examples of polyhydric alcohols used as starter compounds are sugar alcohols such as sorbitol and mannitol, the monomeric polyhydric alcohols ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane and pentaerythritol, the dimeric polyhydric alcohols diethylene glycol and dipropylene glycol, and also the trimeric polyhydric alcohol triethylene glycol. Examples of monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides used according to the Cl Cl I n / l 7Π7 / Β / Y invention are glucose and sucrose. As starter compounds (SA), alkoxylation products of the monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, polyhydric alcohols mentioned, or mixtures thereof, may also be used. The expression "mixtures thereof" in this context indicates mixtures of at least two different starter compounds selected from the indicated monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, and polyhydric alcohols. Examples of such mixtures are mixtures of two different polyhydric alcohols such as glycerol and sorbitol, mixtures of a polyhydric alcohol and a monosaccharide such as glycerol and sucrose, and mixtures of glycerol, ethylene glycol, and sucrose. Monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, polyhydric alcohols, or mixtures thereof are reacted as described above with alkylene oxides to obtain alkoxylation products, wherein the alkoxylation products are typically prepared with C2-C4 alkylene oxides, preferably ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide. In this case, the alkoxylation products are further reacted as SA initiator compounds in the preparation of polyether polyols (A) with alkylene oxides. The use of alkoxylation products as SA initiator compounds is particularly advantageous if additional SA initiator compounds are used that are initially present in solid form or have high viscosity, as described below. Preference is given to the use of sorbitol, mannitol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, sucrose, and mixtures thereof as starter compounds (SA), and also mixtures of one or more compounds selected from sorbitol, mannitol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, and sucrose and one or more additional polyhydric alcohols selected from ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and triethylene glycol. Within the meaning of the present invention, dipropylene glycol comprises 2,2'-oxydi-1-propanol, 1,1'-oxydi-2-propanol, and 2-(2-hydroxypropoxy)-1-propanol. The starter compounds for polyether polyols A) are preferably selected so that the functionality of component SA) is from 4.6 to 6.5, with greater preference from 4.8 to 6.5, with very particular preference from 5.2 to 6.5 and with special preference from 5.7 to 6.5. Mixtures of sucrose and at least one compound selected from glycerol, diethylene glycol, and dipropylene glycol are particularly preferred for use as SA initiator compounds. A mixture of sucrose and glycerol is especially preferred. Polyether polyols A) are preferably selected from the reaction products of 60% by weight of at least one initiator compound SA> and 90% by weight of at least one alkylene oxide, depending on the total weight of the polyether polyol A) plus any catalyst used. The fraction of the initiator compounds SA) in the polyether polyols A) used according to the invention is preferably 20 to 45% by weight, more preferably 25 to 42% by weight, with a very particular preference of 30 to 40% by weight, with a special preference of 33% to 38% by weight, depending on the weight of the polyether polyol A). With particular preference, polyether polyols A) are selected from the reaction products Cl OI I n / l 7P7 / B / Y of ai) 5 to 55% by weight of at least one starter compound SA) selected from glucose, mannitol, sucrose, pentaerythritol, trimethylolpropane and sorbitol, aii) 5 to 55% by weight of at least one starter compound SA) other than ai), preferably selected from glycerol, monopropylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, alkoxylation products of the aforementioned compounds and alkoxylation products of glucose, mannitol, sucrose, pentaerythritol, trimethylolpropane and / or sorbitol or mixtures thereof, aiii) 40 to 90% by weight of at least one alkylene oxide, preferably selected from propylene oxide and ethylene oxide, wherein the sum of ai), aii) and / or aiii) is 100% in weight, plus any catalyst used such as imidazole. The catalyst is used optionally in addition to components ai), aii), aiii). The catalysts used for the reaction of initiating compounds (SA) with alkylene oxides are generally basic compounds. In industrial methods, the compounds in question are usually alkali metal hydroxides, such as sodium, cesium, or, in particular, potassium hydroxide, for example. Alkali metal alkoxides, such as sodium methoxide, sodium or potassium ethoxide, or potassium isopropoxide, for example, are also known catalysts. The preparation can also take place with amine catalysis. The amine catalysts are preferably selected from the group containing trialkylamines such as, for example, trimethylamine, triethylamine, tripropylamine, and tributylamine; dimethylalkylamines such as, for example, dimethylethanolamine, dimethylcyclohexylamine, dimethylethylamine, and dimethylbutylamine; aromatic amines such as, for example, dimethylaniline, dimethylaminopyridine, dimethylbenzylamine, and pyridine; imidazoles such as, for example, imidazole, 4(5)-methylimidazole, 3-methylimidazole, and 1-hydroxypropylimidazole; and guanidines and amidines such as, for example, 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene and 1,5-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene. Preferably, the catalyst is dimethylethanolamine. With particular preference, the catalyst is an imidazole. The alkylene oxide addition reaction is preferably carried out at a temperature between 90 and 150°C and a pressure between 0.1 and 8 bar. The feeding of the alkylene oxides is generally followed by a post-reaction stage in which the alkylene oxide is consumed by the reaction. This may be followed, if necessary, by a further post-reaction stage. Distillation normally follows to remove volatile components, preferably under reduced pressure. Particularly when solid initiator compounds, such as sucrose, are used to prepare the polyether polyol A) of the invention, the feed rates at the start of the operation are necessarily slow, since the alkylene oxide dissolves poorly in the reaction mixture, leading to slow reaction rates. Furthermore, the high viscosity developed in the initiator mixture when solid initiator compounds are used means that heat removal is relatively inefficient. This can result in localized instances of overheating, which is detrimental to product quality. Additionally, the high viscosity accelerates pump wear. Cl Cl I n / l 7P7 / B / Y and heat exchangers. Adding at least one additional polyol to the starter mixture reduces adverse effects. For example, this is described in EP 2542612. Therefore, in some of the experiments described, the starter mixtures were blended with polyetherols to reduce the viscosity of the starter mixture and to allow for improved operating conditions. In the preparation of polyetherols (A), it is preferred, to decrease viscosity, to add alkoxylation products of monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, polyhydric alcohols, or mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred are a propoxide prepared from sucrose / glycerol having a molar mass of 488 g / mol, an OH number of 490 mg KOH / g, and a functionality of 4.3, and also a propoxide prepared from sucrose / glycerol having a molar mass of 639 g / mol and a functionality of 5.1. The main purpose of using the alkoxylation products as an additional starting compound (SA) is to simplify the operating procedure. When calculating the functionality of the polyether polyol A) of the invention, the alkoxylation products mentioned above are therefore considered. Polyether polyols A) preferentially have functionalities in the range of 4.6 to 6.5, with a greater preference for 4.8 to 6.5, a very particular preference for 5.2 to 6.5, and a special preference for 5.7 to 6.5. The use of polyether polyols A) with relatively high functionalities improves demolding during the production of rigid PU foams. In another preferred embodiment, the polyether polyol A) has a functionality in the range of 4.8 to 6.5 and an OH number in the range of 300 to 520 mg KOH / g, more particularly a functionality in the range of 5.2 to 6.5 and an OH number in the range of 390 to 520 mg KOH / g. In general terms, the fraction of polyether polyols A) is 35 to 70% by weight, preferably 37 to 55% by weight, with greater preference 40 to 60% by weight, depending on the total amount of components A) to G1) of the polyol component P). Polyether polyols B) The polyol component P) comprises one or more polyether polyols B) having a number of OH in the range of 320 to 500 mg KOH / g, preferably in the range of 380 to 450 mg KOH / g. Polyether polyol B) preferably has a functionality in the range of 3.0 to 4.0, with greater preference a functionality in the range of 3.5 to 4.0, with a very particular preference a functionality in the range of 3.8 to 4.0. Polyether polyols (B) are selected from the reaction products of aromatic diamines with alkylene oxides. Aromatic diamines are also referred to as initiator compounds (SB). Examples of aromatic diamines used as starter compounds (SB) are tolylenediamines (TDA) and methylenedianilins (MDA). The preferred starter compounds (SB) are tolylenediamines (TDA). Tolylenediamines include 2,3-, 3,4-, 2,4-, 2,5-, and 2,6-tolylenediamine. 2,3- and 3,4-tolylenediamine are also referred to as vicinal TDA. Tolylenediamine isomers can be used individually or in mixtures, for example, as mixtures of 2,4-TDA and 2,6-TDA, as mixtures of 3,4-TDA and 2,3-TDA, or as mixtures of 2,4-TDA, 2,6-TDA, 3,4-TDA, and 2,3-TDA. Particularly preferred are Cl Cl I n / l 7P7 / B / Y mixtures of tolylenediamines having a vicinal tolylenediamine content of at least 75% by weight, preferably at least 80% by weight, more preferably at least 85% by weight and more particularly at least 90% by weight, for use, in each case depending on the total weight of the mixtures. The aromatic diamines used as starter compounds SB> for the polyether polyols B) used according to the invention are preferably selected so that their functionality is from 3.0 to 4.0, more preferably from 3.5 to 4.0 and with a very particular preference from 3.8 to 4.0. Optionally, a mixture of suitable starter molecules is used. Polyether polyols B) are preferably selected from the reaction products of 2,3-, 3,4-, 2,4-, 2,5-, 2,6-tolylenediamine or mixtures thereof with C2-C4 alkylene oxides, wherein polyether polyols B) selected from the reaction products of tolylenediamine mixtures containing at least 75 wt%, more preferably at least 80 wt%, with very particular preference at least 85 wt% and more particularly at least 90 wt%, of vicinal TDA, depending on the tolylenediamine mixture, with C2-C3 alkylene oxides are especially preferred. In general, the fraction of polyether polyols B) is 5 to 50% by weight, preferably 8 to 45% by weight, with greater preference 10 to 40% by weight, depending on the total amount of components A) to G1) of the polyol component P). Polyether polyols C) The polyol component P) comprises one or more polyether polyols C) having a number of OH in the range of 15 to 75 mg KOH / g, preferably 25 to 65 mg KOH / g, more preferably 30 to 60 mg KOH / g. Polyether polyol C) preferably has a functionality in the range of 1.9 to 5.5, with greater preference from 2.0 to 5.0, even more preferentially a functionality in the range of 2.3 to 5.0, with greater preference from 2.5 to 4.5 and with special preference a functionality of 2.8 to 4.0. Polyether polyol C) may also have a functionality in the range of 2.3 to 5.5. The polyether polyol C) is selected from reaction products of monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, polyhydric alcohols, water or mixtures thereof with alkylene oxides, preferably C2-C4 alkylene oxides and with greater preference from reaction products with ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and / or mixtures thereof, with a very particular preference for reaction products with ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. The monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, polyhydric alcohols, water, and mixtures thereof used as starter compounds (SC) for the polyether polyols (C) used according to the invention are generally selected so that their functionality is preferably from 1.9 to 5.5, more preferably from 2.0 to 5.0, even more preferably from 2.3 to 5.0, very preferably from 2.5 to 4.5, and especially preferably from 2.8 to 4.0. The functionality of the starter compounds (SC) for the polyether polyols (C) may also be in the range of 2.3 to 5.5. A mixture of suitable starter molecules is optionally used. The Sc^ initiator compounds considered for polyether polyols C) include the Cl Cl I n / l 7P7 / B / Y monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, polyhydric alcohols and also water and mixtures thereof, as described for polyether polyols A). Preferably, the initiating compounds Sc) are selected from glycerol, trimethylolpropane, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, sucrose, water and mixtures thereof. According to a further embodiment, the polyether polyol C) comprises one or more polyhydric alcohol reaction products selected from glycerol, trimethylolpropane, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, sucrose, water and mixtures thereof with alkylene oxides, preferably with C2-C4 alkylene oxides, more preferably the reaction products with ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and / or mixtures thereof and more preferably the polyether polyol C) is selected from the above-mentioned reaction products. The alkylene oxides used to prepare the polyether polyols (C) correspond to the alkylene oxides described above. These alkylene oxides are preferably selected from C2-C4 alkylene oxides, most preferably ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and mixtures thereof. The reaction can be carried out in each case with a single alkylene oxide or with a mixture of alkylene oxides; it is also possible to use different alkylene oxides or mixtures of alkylene oxides successively, so that the polyether polyol comprises alkylene oxide chains composed of blocks of alkylene oxides with different compositions.The initiator compounds SC) are preferably reacted in succession in various orders with propylene oxide, ethylene oxide, and / or mixtures of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, such that the ethylene oxide and propylene oxide units form blocks of pure ethylene oxide, blocks of pure propylene oxide, and / or mixed blocks of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. In this case, it is particularly preferred that the initiator compound SC) be reacted first with propylene oxide and subsequently with ethylene oxide or with a mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, such that the polyether polyol C) is composed of initiator compound SC) and alkylene oxide chains formed by at least one propylene oxide block and one ethylene oxide terminal block or one propylene-co-ethylene oxide block. According to one embodiment, the polyether polyol C) comprises 5 to 35 wt% of ethylene oxide units, preferably 10 to 25 wt% of ethylene oxide units, and more preferably 11 to 18 wt% of ethylene oxide units, based on the total weight of the polyether polyol C). The presence of such ethylene oxide units generally helps to improve the overall miscibility and / or compatibility of the polyol component P). In this case, it is particularly preferred that the polyether polyols C) be selected from reaction products of the initiator compounds SC) with ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and mixtures thereof. The preferred polyether polyols C) are those with the following structure: Cl Cl I n / l 7Π7 / Β / Υs-w„ where S is selected from monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, water, and polyhydric alcohols, as described above; n is from 2 to 10, preferably from 2 to 8; and B in each case, independently of each other in each case, is a chain composed of ethylene oxide units and propylene oxide, where the ethylene oxide and propylene oxide units form blocks of pure ethylene oxide, blocks of pure propylene oxide and / or mixed blocks of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide and the terminal block comprises from 10 to 100% by weight of ethylene oxide units, preferably from 15 to 100% by weight and more preferably from 20 to 100% by weight of ethylene oxide units, depending on the total weight of the terminal block. The term terminal block usually refers to the terminal alkylene oxide sequence that was formed in the last alkoxylation step during the preparation of the polyether polyol; in other words, the sequence formed by the last addition of an alkylene oxide or a mixture of alkylene oxides. The concentration of polyether polyol C) is preferably at least 1.5% by weight, depending on the total amount of components A) to G1) of polyol component P). Typically, polyol component P) comprises no more than 30% by weight of polyether polyol C), and preferably polyol component P) comprises from 2 to 25% by weight, more preferably from 2.5 to 20% by weight, of polyether polyol C), depending on the total amount of components A) to G1) of polyol component P). Palioles D) The polyol component P) may further comprise one or more polyols D) that are different from the polyether polyols A), B), and C). These polyols D) are usually selected from polyols known to a person of average skill in the preparation of polyurethanes. The additional polyol D) is preferably selected from polyether polyols D1) having a number of OH in the range of 100 to 240 mg KOH / g, preferably 120 to 220 mg KOH / g, more preferably 140 to 200 mg KOH / g, which are selected from reaction products of amines, polyhydric alcohols or mixtures thereof with alkylene oxides. The at least one polyether polyol D1) preferably has a functionality in the range of 2.8 to 5.0, with greater preference a functionality in the range of 3.1 to 5.0, even more preferably from 3.5 to 4.5 and with very particular preference a functionality of 3.5 to 4.0. According to one embodiment of the invention, the functionality is in the range of 3.0 to 5.0 or 3.1 to 5.0. According to a further embodiment of the invention, the functionality is therefore in the range of 2.8 to 3.0 or from 2.8 to less than 3.0. The polyether polyol D1) is selected from reaction products of amines, polyhydric alcohols, or mixtures of these with alkylene oxides. Amines, polyhydric alcohols, and mixtures thereof are used as initiating compounds Cl Cl I n / l 7Π7 / Β / YILI SD1) for the polyether polyols D1) used according to the invention are generally selected so that their functionality is from 2.8 to 5.0, preferably from 3.1 to 5.0, more preferably from 3.5 to 4.5 and with a very particular preference from 3.5 to 4.0. A mixture of suitable initiator molecules is optionally used. Examples of SD1> starter compounds considered for D1 polyether polyols include aliphatic and aromatic diamines such as ethylenediamine, 1,3-propylenediamine, 1,3- and / or 1,4-butylenediamine, 1,2-, 1,3-, 1,4-, 1,5- and 1,6-hexamethylenediamine, phenylenediamines, 2,3-, 3,4-, 2,4-, 2,5- and 2,6-tolylenediamine and 4,4'-, 2,4'- and 2,2'-diaminodiphenylmethane. The primary diamines mentioned above are particularly preferred, especially mixtures of the primary amines mentioned above comprising vicinal TDA (vic-TDA). Polyhydric alcohols, as described above for polyether polyol A, are also considered as starting compounds SD1> for polyether polyol D1). The polyhydric alcohols are preferably selected from the group consisting of glycerol, trimethylolpropane, monopropylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and mixtures thereof. Glycerol is especially preferred. According to one embodiment, the polyether polyol D1) comprises one or more reaction products of amines selected from ethylenediamine, 1,3-propylenediamine, 1,3-, 1,4-butylenediamine, 1,2-, 1,3-, 1,4-, 1,5-, 1,6-hexamethylenediamine, phenylenediamines, 2,3-, 3,4-, 2,4-, 2,5-, 2,6-tolylenediamine and 4,4'-, 2,4'-, 2,2'-diaminodiphenylmethane and mixtures thereof with alkylene oxides, wherein the polyether polyol D1) is preferably selected from the aforementioned reaction products. According to another embodiment, the polyether polyol D1) comprises one or more polyhydric alcohol reaction products selected from glycerol, trimethylolpropane, monopropylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol and mixtures thereof with alkylene oxides, and preferably the polyether polyol D1) is selected from the aforementioned reaction products. The alkylene oxides used to prepare the polyetherols D1) correspond to the alkylene oxides described above. Polyether polyols D1) preferably comprise ethylene oxide and propylene oxide units, and more preferably polyethers D1) are selected from reaction products of amines, polyhydric alcohols or mixtures thereof with ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, and especially preferably polyethers D1) are selected from the reaction products of ethylenediamine, 1,3-propylenediamine, 1,3-, 1,4-butylenediamine, 1,2-, 1,3-, 1,4-, 1,5-, 1,6-hexamethylenediamine, phenylenediamines, 2,3-, 3,4-, 2,4-, 2,5-, 2,6-tolylenediamine and 4,4'-, 2,4'-, 2,2-diaminodiphenylmethane, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, monopropylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol or mixtures of these with ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. The polyether polyols B) and D1) used according to the invention can be prepared by known methods, such as, for example, by anionic polymerization with alkali metal hydroxides, such as sodium or potassium hydroxide, or alkali metal alkoxides, such as Sodium methoxide, sodium or potassium ethoxide, or potassium isopropoxide, for example, can be used as catalysts, or cationic polymerization can be carried out using Lewis acids such as antimony pentachloride, boron fluoride etherate, etc., or bleaching earth, as catalysts composed of one or more alkylene oxides having 2 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkylene radical. Preparation can also take place with imidazole catalysis or by using trimethylamine or N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine. The fraction of polyols D) in polyol component P) is usually from 0 to 40% by weight, depending on the total amount of components A) to G1) of polyol component P), preferably > from 0 to 40% by weight, with greater preference from 1 to 30% by weight, with a very particular preference from 2 to 25% by weight, depending on the total amount of components A) to G1) of polyol component P). If the polyol component P) comprises one or more polyether polyols D1), the total concentration of the polyether polyols C) and D1) is preferably at least 5% by weight, based on the total amount of components A) to G1) of the polyol component P). Catalysts E) The polyol component P) of the invention may comprise at least one catalyst E). The catalysts E) used are, in particular, compounds that strongly accelerate the reaction of the polyether polyols A), B) and C) and also, optionally, D) present in the polyol component P) with the organic diisocyanates and / or polyisocyanates Pl, optionally modified, according to the method of the invention below. Useful as catalysts , Dimetylpiperazine, N-Dimethylaminoetilpiperidine, 1,2-Dimethylimidazol, 1-azabiciclo[2.2.0]octano, 1,4diazabiciclo[2.2.2]octano (Dabco), 1,8-diazabiciclo[5.4.0]undec-7-eno y compuestos de alkanolamina, tales como trietanolamina, triisopropanolamina, N-methyl- y N-ethylidetanolamina, dimethylaminoetanol, 2(N,N-dimet·lam·noetox·)etanol, N,N',N”-tris(d·alqu·lam·noalqu·l)hexah·drotr·az·nas, for example, Ν,Ν',Ν”tr¡s(d¡met¡lam¡noprop¡l)-s-hexah¡drotr¡az¡na y trietilendiamina.However, metal salts such as iron(II) chloride, zinc chloride, lead octoate, and preferably tin salts such as tin dioctoate, tin diethylhexoate, and dibutyltin dilaurate are also suitable. The following catalysts are also considered E): amidines, such as 2,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine, tetraalkylammonium hydroxides, such as tetramethylammonium hydroxide, alkali metal hydroxides, such as sodium hydroxide, and alkali metal alkoxides, such as sodium methoxide and potassium isopropoxide, and also salts of alkali metal acids, especially long-chain fatty acids having 10 to 20 carbon atoms and optionally dangling OH groups. Cl Cl I n / l 7Π7 / Β / Y Preference is given to the use of a mixture of two or more of the catalysts E) mentioned above. Particular preference is given to the use of a mixture of catalysts E) consisting of the following: dimethylcyclohexylamine E1), pentamethyldiethylenetriamine or bis(2-dimethylaminoethyl) ether E2), tris(dimethylaminopropyl)hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine E3), and dimethylbenzylamine E4). In the aforementioned catalyst mixture, catalysts E1) to E4) are used, the fraction of catalyst E1) being preferably 20 to 60% by weight, the fraction of catalyst E2) being preferably 10 to 50% by weight, the fraction of catalyst E3) being preferably 10 to 40% by weight, and the fraction of catalyst E4) being preferably 20 to 50% by weight, wherein the sum of catalysts E1) to E4) is 100% by weight. Preference is given to the use of 1.0 to 5.5% by weight, more particularly 1.0 to 5.0% by weight, of one or more catalysts E), depending on the total amount of components A) to G1) of the polyol component P). When a relatively large excess of polyisocyanate is used in foaming, the catalysts considered for the trimerization reaction of the excess NCO groups with each other also include the following: catalysts that form isocyanurate groups, where examples are ammonium ion salts or alkali metal salts, alone or in combination with tertiary amines. Further information on the indicated catalysts can be found in technical literature, such as Kunststoffhandbuch, volume V1, Polyurethane, Cari Hanser Verlag Munich, Vienna, 1st, 2nd and 3rd editions of 1966, 1983 and 1993. Component F) The polyol component P) of the invention may comprise one or more additional components F) selected from auxiliaries and adjuvants. The auxiliaries and adjuvants F) of the polyol component P) are, for example, surfactants such as emulsifiers, foam stabilizers and cell regulators. Examples of surfactants considered include compounds that support the homogenization of starting materials and that are optionally also suitable for regulating the cell structure of plastics.Examples would include emulsifiers, such as sodium salts of castor oil sulfates or fatty acids, and also fatty acid salts with amines, for example, diethylamine oleate, diethanolamine stearate, diethanolamine ricinoleate, salts of sultanices, for example, ammonium or alkali metal salts of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid or dinaphthylmethanedisulfonic acid and ricinoleic acid; foam stabilizers, such as siloxane-oxyalkylene copolymers and other organopolysiloxanes, ethoxylated alkylphenols, ethoxylated fatty alcohols, paraffin oils, castor oil esters or ricinoleic esters, Turkey red oil, and peanut oil; and cell regulators, such as paraffins, fatty alcohols, and dimethylpolysiloxanes. Silicone stabilizers are particularly preferred. The polyol component P) preferably comprises, as an additional component F), one or more foam stabilizers, especially silicone-containing foam stabilizers such as siloxane-oxyalkylene copolymers and other organopolysiloxanes. Cl Cl I n / l 7Π7 / Β / Y The foam stabilizers mentioned above are preferably used in quantities of 0.5 to 4.5% by weight, with greater preference for 1 to 3.5% by weight, depending on the weight of the polyol component P). Further details on the auxiliaries and adjuvants mentioned above and other suitable ones can be found in the technical literature, such as, for example, in the monograph by JH Saunders and KC Frisch, High Polymers, Volume XVI, Polyurethanes, Parts 1 and 2, Interscience Publishers 1962 and 1964 or the Kunststoff-Handbuch, Polyurethane, Volume VII, Hanser-Verlag, Munich, Vienna, 1st and 2nd editions, 1966 and 1983. Blowing agents G) The polyol component P) may further comprise one or more blowing agents G) selected from chemical blowing agents G1) and physical blowing agents G2). The polyol component P) preferably comprises at least one blowing agent selected from chemical blowing agents G1) and physical blowing agents G2), and more preferably the polyol component P) comprises at least one chemical blowing agent G1) and at least one physical blowing agent G2). The polyol component P) of the invention preferably comprises from 1% to 20.0% by weight, more preferably from 1.2% to 5.0% by weight, and very particularly preferably from 1.5% to 3.0% by weight of a chemical blowing agent G1), depending on the total amount of components A) to G1). The polyol component P) of the invention preferably comprises from 1% to 40.0% by weight, more preferably from 3% to 30.0% by weight, and very preferably from 9.0% to 17.0% by weight of a physical blowing agent G2), depending on the total amount of components A) to G1). Preference is given to the use of hydrocarbons, and particularly to acyclic pentane isomers and / or cyclopentane or mixtures thereof. According to one embodiment, the polyol component P) of the invention comprises at least one chemical blowing agent G1) and at least one physical blowing agent G2) in the concentration ranges indicated above. Suitable physical blowing agents (G2) that can be used are generally all hydrocarbons known to the average person of the trade as blowing agents, where examples are non-halogenated and halogenated alkenes, preferably fluorinated. According to one embodiment, C2 to Ce fluoroalkenes are used, with C3 to Cs fluoroalkenes being the most preferred. Particularly preferred examples of suitable fluorinated alkenes according to the invention are propenes, butenes, pentenes, and hexenes having 3 to 6 fluorine substituents, where other substituents such as chlorine may be present, for example, tetrafluoropropenes, fluorochloropropenes, such as trifluoromonochloropropenes, pentafluoropropenes, fluorochlorobutenes, hexafluorobutenes, or mixtures thereof. The particularly preferred fluorinated alkenes according to the invention are selected from the group consisting of cis- or trans-1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropene, 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-chloropropene, 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropene, in cis or trans form, 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobutene, 1 Cl Cl I n / l 7Π7 / Β / Υ bromopentafluoropropene, 2-bromopentafluoropropene, 3-bromopentafluoropropene, 1,1,2,3,3,4,4heptafluoro-1 -butene, 3,3,4,4,5,5,5-heptafluoro-1 -pentene, 1 -bromo-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 2-bromo1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 3-bromo-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 2-bromo-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, E-1 bromo-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, 3,3,3-trifluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)propene, 1 -chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-butene and mixtures thereof. According to a further embodiment, halogenated hydrocarbons are not used as physical blowing agents (G2). For use as physical blowing agents (G2), acyclic pentane isomers and / or cyclopentane, especially cyclopentane, are preferred. Preference is given to the use of acyclic pentane isomers and / or cyclopentane in the range of 9 to 17% by weight, depending on the total amount of components (A) to (G1). Cyclopentane and mixtures of isopentane with cyclopentane, having a cyclopentane content of at least 70% by weight, are preferred, and cyclopentane with a purity of at least 90% by weight, and more particularly at least 95% by weight, is particularly preferred. The chemical blowing agent G1) used is preferably water. With particular preference, water is used at a concentration of 1.5 to 3% by weight, depending on the total amount of components A) to G1). The polyol component P) preferably comprises: a) 35 to 70% by weight of one or more polyether polyols A); b) 5 to 50% by weight of one or more polyether polyols B); c) 2 to 30% by weight of one or more polyether C polyols); d) from 0 to 40% by weight of one or more polyols D); e) optionally one or more catalysts E); f) optionally one or more additional components F) selected from auxiliaries and adjuvants; g) optionally one or more blowing agents G) selected from chemical blowing agents G1) and physical blowing agents G2); where the concentration figures in % by weight for A) to D) are based on the total amount of components A) to G1) of the polyol component P). The invention also relates to a method for producing rigid polyurethane foams by means of the reaction of I) diisocyanates or polyisocyanates Pl) organic or modified organic or mixtures thereof with II) a polyol component P) of the invention. The polyol component P) used for the reaction with the organic diisocyanates or polyisocyanates Pl) preferably comprises at least one blowing agent selected from chemical blowing agents G1) and physical blowing agents G2). Furthermore, preferably, the polyol component P) used for the reaction with the diisocyanates or polyisocyanates Pl) comprises one or more catalysts E), and in particular preference, the polyol component P) comprises at least one blowing agent G) selected from chemical blowing agents G1) and physical blowing agents G2) and at least one catalyst E). Cl Cl I n / l 7Π7 / Β / Y Diisocyanates or polyisocyanates Pl) Suitable organic diisocyanates or polyisocyanates (PL) include the aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic, and preferably aromatic polyfunctional isocyanates known per se. Organic diisocyanates or polyisocyanates may optionally have been modified. Specific examples would include the following: alkylene diisocyanates having 4 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkylene radical, such as 1,12-dodecane diisocyanate, 2-ethyltetramethylene 1,4-diisocyanate, 2-methylpentamethylene 1,5-diisocyanate, tetramethylene 1,4-diisocyanate, and preferably hexamethylene 1,6-diisocyanate; Cycloaliphatic diisocyanates such as 1,3- and 1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate and also any desired mixtures of these isomers, 1-3,3,5-trimethyl-5-methylcyclohexane diisocyanate (IPDI), 2,4- and 2,6-hexahydrotolylene diisocyanate and also mixtures of corresponding isomers, 4,4'-, 2,2'- and 2,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate and also mixtures of corresponding isomers, and preferably aromatic diisocyanates and polyisocyanates, such as, for example, 2,4- and 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate and mixtures of corresponding isomers, 4,4'-, 2,4'- and 2,2'-Diphenylmethane diisocyanate and mixtures of the corresponding isomers, mixtures of 4,4'- and 2,2'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, polyphenylpolymethylene polyisocyanates, mixtures of 4,4'-, 2,4'- and 2,2'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and polyphenylpolymethylene polyisocyanates (crude MDI), and mixtures of crude MDI and tolylene diisocyanates. Organic diisocyanates or polyisocyanates may be used individually or in the form of mixtures thereof. Preferred polyisocyanates are tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and especially mixtures of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and polyphenylenepolymethylene polyisocyanates (polymeric MDI or PMDI). Modified polyfunctional isocyanates are also frequently used; these are products obtained through the chemical reaction of organic polyisocyanates. Examples include polyisocyanates containing ester, urea, biuret, allophanate, carbodiimide, isocyanurate, urethdione, carbamate, and / or urethane groups. The rigid polyurethane foams of the invention are produced with a very particular preference by using polymeric MDI, for example, Lupranat® M20 from BASF SE. To produce the rigid polyurethane foams of the invention, the optionally modified organic diisocyanates and / or polyisocyanates (Pl) and the polyol component (P) of the invention comprising a blowing agent are reacted in quantities such that the isocyanate index is from 70 to 300, preferably from 90 to 200, more preferably from 100 to 150. Rigid polyurethane foams are advantageously produced using a single-stage method, for example, by employing high- or low-pressure technology in open or closed molds, such as metal molds. Continuous application of the reaction mixture to suitable conveyor belt lines for panel production is also common. The starting components are mixed at a temperature of 10 to 30°C, preferably 15 to 30°C and more specifically 15 to 25°C, and the mixture is introduced into the open mold or, optionally under high pressure, into the closed mold. Mixing is usually carried out in the high-pressure mixing head. Cl Cl I n / l 7Π7 / Β / Υ pressure. The mold temperature is usefully 30 to 70°C, preferably 40 to 60°C. The invention also relates to a rigid polyurethane foam that can be obtained by the method of the invention. The invention also relates to the use of the polyol component P) of the invention to produce rigid polyurethane foams. The invention also relates to the use of rigid polyurethane foam produced by the method of the invention for insulation and refrigeration applications, especially in refrigerators, commercial refrigeration equipment, chest freezers, pipe insulation, insulating boards, hot water storage systems and boilers, and also in transport boxes. Preferably, all the above-mentioned embodiments and preferred embodiments may be freely combined with each other, unless the context unequivocally indicates otherwise. The expressions that comprise and include also preferably encompass the expressions that consist, that consist of or consists of. The invention is clarified in more detail by the examples below, without any limitation on the invention. Examples I. Measurement methods: Measurement of the hydroxyl number: Hydroxyl numbers are determined in accordance with DIN 53240 (1971-12). Determination of viscosity: The viscosity of polyols is determined, unless otherwise stated, at 25°C in accordance with DIN EN ISO 3219 (1994), using a Haake Viscotester 550 or a Brookfield CAP2000 with plate / cone measuring geometry (PK100) using the PK 1 1° cone (diameter: 28 mm; cone angle: 1°) at a shear rate of 40 l / s. Determination of demolding behavior: The demolding behavior is determined by measuring the post-expansion of the foam bodies produced using a 700 × 400 × 90 mm box mold at a mold temperature of 45 ± 2°C, according to the demolding time and the degree of overpacking (OP, corresponding to the ratio of total bulk density to minimum filling density, which describes the percentage of extra starter material actually needed to fill the mold with a rigid PU foam. The experimental examples described herein were performed with an OP of 17.5%). Post-expansion is determined by measuring the height of the foam cuboids after 24 h. Start time: The time from the start of mixing the reaction mixture until the start of foam expansion. Setting time (gel time / fiber time) The time from the start of mixing the reaction mixture until the moment at which Cl Cl I n / l 7P7 / B / Y The fibers can be extracted in contact with the foam (with a wooden rod, for example). Therefore, this point represents the transition from the liquid state to the solid state. Minimum fill density for a component part / free rise density: The minimum fill density is determined by introducing a quantity of the polyurethane reaction mixture into a mold measuring 2000 × 200 × 50 mm at a mold temperature of 45 ± 2°C, ensuring the mold is filled only with foam without contact with the mold's edge. The flow path length is measured, and the minimum fill density is calculated according to MFD = (m*L / (V*s)), where m = mass, L = mold length, s = flow path, and V = mold volume. The free rise density is determined by foaming the polyurethane reaction mixture in a plastic bag at room temperature. The density is measured using a cube taken from the center of the foam-filled plastic bag. Determination of flowability: Flowability is reported in terms of flow factor = (minimum filling density / free rise density). Accession: A test specimen is taken from the sample body. This test specimen corresponds to the first 50 cm, measured from the gating channel, of the lance mold, with an overpacking degree of 14.5%. Using a template, the aluminum foil on the top surface is cut to a width of 56 mm and a length of 200 mm, and a tab approximately 50 mm long is lifted from the foam. This tab is attached to the sample holder of the universal testing machine. When the test time has elapsed, the measurement begins. The force required to peel the aluminum foil from the foam is reported in newtons (N). Adhesion values ​​intended for comparison with other foam formulations must be measured under identical foaming and testing conditions. To evaluate the adhesion limit of the cover film to the foam, the mold temperature is reduced in 5°C increments, the samples are foamed, and the adhesion is measured on these samples.The adhesion limit is reached when the covering layer detaches from the foam and when the sample is demolded. Thermal conductivity: Thermal conductivity was determined using a Taurus TCA300 DTX instrument at a midpoint temperature of 10°C. To produce the test samples, the polyurethane reaction mixture was placed in a mold measuring 2000 × 200 × 50 mm (15% overpacking) and demolded after 5 minutes. After storage under standard conditions for 24 hours, several foam cuboids measuring 200 × 200 × 50 mm were cut from the center (at positions 10, 900, and 1700 mm, depending on the lance start). The top and bottom sides were then removed to obtain test samples measuring 200 × 200 × 30 mm. II. Preparation of polyols: Polyether polyol A1) and A2): A pressure reactor with agitator, deck heating and cooling devices The reactor, equipped with dosing systems for solid and liquid substances and alkylene oxides, as well as devices for nitrogen inerting and a vacuum system, was filled with glycerol, sucrose, solid imidazole, and, for polyol A1, with a polyether polyol based on sucrose, glycerol, and propylene oxide (with an OH number of 490 mg KOH / g, functionality: 4.3). The reactor was then repeatedly inerted (with stirring) and the temperature was raised to 120°C. The mixture was reacted with propylene oxide at 120°C. The subsequent 2-hour reaction took place at 120°C. The sample was then separated in a nitrogen stream. Example for calculating the functionality of polyether polyol A1) 12.3 kg of glycerol, 90.70 kg of sucrose, 0.34 kg of solid imidazole and 29.00 kg of the polyether polyol based on sucrose, glycerol and propylene oxide (molecular weight 488 g / mol, functionality 4.3) were reacted with 256.3 kg of propylene oxide to obtain 372 kg of product with the following parameters: Cl Cl I n / l 7Π7 / Β / Y OH number: 429 mg KOH / g Viscosity (25°C): 34600 mPas Calculation of the initiating functionality: Glycerol (functionality 3): Sucrose (functionality 8): Imidazole (functionality 1): Polyether polyol (functionality 4.3): 12300 g / 92.09 g / mol = 132.4 mol 90700 g / 342.3 g / mol = 246.97 mol 340 g / 68.08 g / mol = 5.0 mol 29000 g / 488 g / mol = 59.4 mol Initiating functionality: (132.4 mol*3 + 246.97 mol*8 + 5.0 mol*1 + 59.4 mol*4.3) / (132.4 mol + 246.97 mol + 5.0 mol + 59.40 mol) = 6.0 Composition (percentage by mass): Sucrose 23.3% Glycerol 3.2% 7.5% polyether polyol Propylene oxide 66.0% Polyether polyol B1): A pressure reactor with a stirrer, heated and cooled cover, dosing devices for solid and liquid substances and alkylene oxides, as well as devices for nitrogen inerting and a vacuum system, was heated to 80°C and repeatedly inerted. The reactor was charged with vic-toluenediamine and the stirrer was started. The reactor was then re-inerted, the temperature was raised to 130°C, and propylene oxide was dosed. After a 2-hour reaction period, the temperature was reduced to 100°C, and dimethylethanolamine was added. The intermediate was reacted with additional propylene oxide. The subsequent reaction was run for 2 hours at 130°C. The sample was then separated in a nitrogen stream. Polyether polyols C1 and C2: Polyetherol C1 A pressure reactor with agitator, deck heating and cooling, dosing devices for solid and liquid substances and alkylene oxides, as well as devices for nitrogen inerting and a vacuum system, was filled with 11.59 kg of glycerol and 1 kg of aqueous KOH (48% by mass). The reactor was then repeatedly inerted (with agitation), the temperature was raised to 120°C, and reduced pressure (15 mbar) was applied for 1 hour. Then, 106.70 kg of propylene oxide was dosed. In the next stage, a mixture of 234.81 kg of propylene oxide and 46.76 kg of ethylene oxide was dosed. The subsequent 2-hour reaction took place at 120°C. The sample was then separated into a nitrogen stream and treated with Magnesol. This yielded a product with the following parameters: Number of OH: 56 mg of KOH / g Viscosity (25°C): 480 mPas Polyetherol C2 A pressure reactor with agitator, deck heating and cooling, dosing devices for solid and liquid substances and alkylene oxides, as well as nitrogen inerting devices and a vacuum system, was filled with 9.19 kg of glycerol and 1 kg of aqueous KOH (48% by mass). The reactor was then repeatedly inerted (with agitation), the temperature was raised to 120°C, and reduced pressure (15 mbar) was applied for 1 hour. Then, 337.31 kg of propylene oxide were dosed. In the next stage, 53.15 kg of ethylene oxide were dosed. The subsequent 2-hour reaction took place at 120°C. The sample was then separated in a nitrogen stream and treated with Magnesol. This yielded a product with the following parameters: Number of OH groups: 35 mg KOH / g Viscosity (25°C): 850 mPas Polyether polyol D1): A pressure reactor with a stirrer, heating and cooling cover, dosing devices for solid and liquid substances and alkylene oxides, as well as devices for nitrogen inerting and a vacuum system, was heated to 80°C and repeatedly inerted. Vicinal toluenediamine was added, and the reactor was repeatedly inerted. The temperature was raised to 130°C, and the mixture was blended at this temperature with a mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide (EO:PO = 1:15). After a reaction period of 2 hours, a 50% (mass percent) aqueous KOH solution was added. This was followed by a 1-hour reduced-pressure phase, after which, at 130°C, a mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide (EO:PO = 1:15) was dosed. After a reaction period of 3 hours, the sample was separated into a nitrogen stream. III. Ingredients Polyols A) to D) were prepared as described above. Polyol A1): polyether polyol based on sucrose, glycerol and propylene oxide (PO) with an OH number of 427 mg KOH / g; functionality: 6.0 Polyol A2): polyether polyol based on sucrose, glycerol and PO with an OH number of 450 mg KOH / g; functionality: 5.0 Cl Cl I n / l 7Π7 / Β / ϒ Polyol B1): vic-TDA and PO-based polyether polyol with an OH number of 399 mg KOH / g; functionality: 4.0 Polyol C1): glycerol, propylene oxide and ethylene oxide (EO)-based polyether polyol, wherein the alkylene oxide chains are composed of a PO block and a mixed PO / EO terminal block, wherein the EO fraction in the polyether polyol is 11.7 wt%, based on the polyether polyol, and the EO fraction in the PO / EO terminal block is 16.6 wt%, based on the terminal block; OH number: 56 mg KOH / g; Functionality: 3.0 Polyol C2): Polyether polyol based on glycerol, propylene oxide and ethylene oxide, wherein the alkylene oxide chains are composed of a PO block and an EO block, wherein the EO fraction in the polyether polyol is 13.3% by weight, depending on the polyether polyol, and the fraction of EO in the EO end block is 100 wt%, depending on the end block; OH number: 35 mg KOH / g; functionality: 3.0 Polyol D1): polyether polyol based on vic-TDA, propylene oxide and ethylene oxide with an OH number of 160 mg of KOH / g; functionality: 4.0. Catalysts mixture E) consisting of: Cl Cl I n / l 7Π7 / Β / ϒ Catalyst E1): dimethylcyclohexylamine Catalyst E2): pentamethyldiethylenetriamine or bis(2-d¡methlaminoethyl) ether Catalyst E3): tris(d¡meth¡laminoprop¡l)hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine Catalyst E4): dimethylbenzylamine Stabilizer F): Silicone-containing foam stabilizer, Tegostab® B8474 and / or Tegostab® B8491 from Evonik Physical blowing agent G2) Cyclopentane 95 (CP 95): cyclopentane with 95% purity In addition, each polyol component was further blended with 13.5 wt% of cyclopentane 95, based on the total weight of polyol components A) to G1). Isocyanate: Polymeric MDI with an NCO content of 31.5% by weight (Lupranat® M20) IV. Rigid PU foams The ingredients mentioned above were used to produce the polyol components P), to which a physical blowing agent was added before foaming. A high-pressure Puromaten® PU 30 / 80 IQ (Elastogran GmbH) with an output rate of 250 g / s was used to mix the polyol components P), which had been blended with the physical blowing agent, with the required amount of isocyanate specified in each case, to obtain the desired isocyanate ratio. The reaction mixture was injected into molds with a temperature regulated up to 40°C and dimensions of 2000 mm × 200 mm × 50 mm or 400 mm × 700 mm × 90 mm, and allowed to foam in the molds. Overpacking was 17.5%, meaning that 17.5% more reaction mixture was used than was required to completely foam the mold. Table 1 shows the polyol P components used and the measurement results for the rigid PU foams produced from them. It is evident from the results that the rigid PU foams produced with the polyol P components of the invention exhibit an improved combination of advantageous properties with respect to demolding ability (evident in the tables of the lower figures for post-expansion), thermal insulation, and, in particular, improved adhesion. Table 1 Cl Cl I n / l 7Π7 / Β / Y Example 1 Comparison 1 Example 2 Comparison 2 Example 3 Comparison 3 Polyol Component P Polyol A1 50.2 50.7 - - 41.2 45.2 Polyol A2 - - 47.8 47.8 - - Polyol B1 30.0 30.0 35.0 35.0 41.2 45.2 Polyol C1 10 - - - 8.0 - Polyol C2 - - 3.00 - - - Polyol D1 - 9.3 5.00 8.0 - - Propylene Carbonate 2.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0 Catalyst Mixture E 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 2.1 2.1 Stabilizer F 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 Water 2.3 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.5 2.5 Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cyclopentane 95 13.5 13.5 13.5 13.5 13.5 13.5 Isocyanate 1 Isocyanate 100 100 100 100 100 100 NCO Index 120 120 120 120 120 120 Machine Data Start Time [s] 4 4 5 6 5 4 Setting Time [s] 41 39 45 42 40 38 Free Rise Density [g / L] 22.6 22.2 22.9 23.1 22.5 22.0 Minimum Filling Density [g / L] 30.3 30.0 31.9 30.8 30.3 30.8 Thermal conductivity [mW / mK] 20.0 19.8 19.8 19.9 19.5 19.7 Adhesion (mold temperature of 45°C) [N] 8.5 5.0 7.0 6.3 4.5 3.0 Adhesion (mold temperature of 40°C) [N] 8.0 4.1 6.7 5.1 2.8 1.1 Post-expansion (determined by a 90 mm box mold with 17.5% overpacking) 3 min 3.7 3.9 3.1 3.4 2.7 2.7 4 min 2.0 2.3 1.8 2.0 1.5 1.6 5 min ndnd 0.7 0.9 0.6 0.5.

Claims

1. A polyol component P) comprising: a) 35 to 70% by weight, based on the total of components A) to G1) of the polyol component P), one or more polyether polyols A) having an OH number in the range of 300 to 520 mg KOH / g and a functionality in the range of 4.6 to 6.5, selected from reaction products of monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, polyhydric alcohols, alkoxylation products of the aforementioned compounds, or mixtures thereof with alkylene oxides; b) one or more polyether polyols B) having an OH number in the range of 320 to 500 mg KOH / g, selected from reaction products of aromatic diamines with alkylene oxides; c) one or more polyether polyols C) having a number of OH in the range of 15 to 75 mg KOH / g, selected from reaction products of monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, polyhydric alcohols, water or mixtures thereof with alkylene oxides;d) optionally one or more polyols D) that are different from polyether polyols A), B) and C); e) optionally one or more catalysts E); f) optionally one or more additional components F) selected from auxiliaries and adjuvants; and g) optionally one or more blowing agents selected from chemical blowing agents G1) and physical blowing agents G2).; 2. The polyol component P) according to claim 1, wherein the polyether polyol B) has a functionality in the range of 3.0 to 4.

0.

3. The polyol component P) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polyether polyol B) is selected from the reaction products of 2,3-, 3,4-, 2,4-, 2,5-, 2,6-tolylenediamine or mixtures thereof with C2-C4 alkylene oxides.

4. The polyol component P) according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the polyether polyol C) has a functionality in the range of 2.3 to 5.

5.

5. The polyol component P) according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the polyether polyol C) has a functionality in the range of 2.5 to 4.

5.

6. The polyol component P) according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the polyether polyol C) has a functionality in the range of 2.3 to 5.5 and the polyether polyol B) has an OH number in the range of 380 to 450 mg KOH / g.

7. The polyol component P) according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the polyether polyol C) has a functionality in the range of 2.3 to 5.5 and is selected from reaction products of monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, polyhydric alcohols, water, or mixtures thereof with ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.

8. The polyol component P) according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the polyether polyol C) is selected from reaction products of monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, polyhydric alcohols or mixtures thereof with ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.

9. The polyol component P) according to any of claims 1 to 8, wherein the polyether polyol C) is selected from reaction products of glycerol, trimethylolpropane, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, sucrose, water, or mixtures thereof with C2-C4 alkylene oxides.

10. The polyol component P) according to any of claims 1 to 9, wherein the polyether polyol C) comprises from 5 to 35% by weight of ethylene oxide units, depending on the total weight of the polyether polyol C).

11. The polyol component P) according to any of claims 1 to 10, wherein the polyether polyol C) has the following structure: sH Cl Cl I n / l 7P7 / B / Y where S is selected from monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, water, and polyhydric alcohols, n is from 2 to 10, B in each case, independently of each other in each case, is a chain composed of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide units, wherein the ethylene oxide and propylene oxide units form pure ethylene oxide blocks, pure propylene oxide blocks, and / or mixed ethylene oxide and propylene oxide blocks, and the terminal block comprises from 10 to 100% by weight of ethylene oxide units, depending on the total weight of the terminal block.

12. The polyol component P) according to any of claims 1 to 11, wherein the concentration of the polyether polyol C) is at least 2% by weight, based on the total amount of components A) to G1) of the polyol component P).

13. The polyol component P) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, comprising a) 35 to 70% by weight of one or more polyether polyols A; b) 5 to 50% by weight of one or more polyether polyols B; c) 2 to 30% by weight of one or more polyether polyols C; d) 0 to 40% by weight of one or more polyols D); e) optionally one or more catalysts E); f) optionally one or more additional components F) selected from auxiliaries and adjuvants; g) optionally one or more blowing agents selected from chemical blowing agents G1) and physical blowing agents G2); wherein the weight % concentration figures for A) to D) are based on the total amount of components A) to G1) of the polyol component P).

14. The polyol component P) according to any of claims 1 to 13, wherein the polyol component P) comprises at least one additional polyol D) selected from polyether polyols D1) having a number of OH in the range of 100 to 240 mg KOH / g, selected from reaction products of amines, polyhydric alcohols, or mixtures thereof with alkylene oxides.

15. The polyol component P) according to any of claims 1 to 14, wherein the polyol component P) comprises at least one additional polyol D1) selected from polyether polyols having a number of OH groups in the range of 100 to 240 mg KOH / g, selected from reaction products of amines, polyhydric alcohols, or mixtures thereof with alkylene oxides, wherein the total concentration of the polyether polyols C) and D1) is at least 5% by weight, based on the total amount of components A) to G1) of the polyol component P).

16. A method for producing rigid polyurethane foams by reacting: I) duocyanates or polyisocyanates Pl) or mixtures thereof with II) a polyol component P) according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

17. A rigid polyurethane foam obtainable by the method according to claim 16.

18. The use of the polyol component P) according to any of claims 1 to 15 to produce rigid polyurethane foams.

19. The use of rigid polyurethane foam produced by the method according to claim 16 for insulation and cooling applications. Cl Cl I n / l 7Π7 / Β / Y