A device for smoothing the outer surfaces of parts

Abstract

The utility model relates to a device for smoothing the external surfaces of parts. The device comprises a toolholder with a through, stepped cylindrical bore, a mandrel mounted in the toolholder bore and capable of axial movement and damping its vibrations, a tip with an indenter secured in the mandrel, a cover covering the large-diameter bore of the toolholder, an elastic element positioned between the mandrel and the cover, its deformation adjustable by an adjusting screw, and a smoothing force control indicator. The mandrel is equipped with a piston capable of axial movement within the large-diameter bore of the toolholder and dividing this bore into a rod and piston chamber. The piston contains through axial holes. The cover is connected to the toolholder via a threaded connection. The rod and piston chambers of the toolholder are filled with a hydraulic fluid with adjustable pressure.The burnishing force control indicator is mounted in the lid and is designed as a pressure gauge with a scale graduated in units of force. The hydraulic pressure adjustment screw is installed in the radial bore of the holder's piston cavity. This utility model simplifies the design and expands the technical capabilities of the device. 1 fig.

Description

[0001] The utility model relates to technological equipment for metalworking machines in mechanical engineering industries and can be used for smoothing the outer surfaces of parts by plastic deformation.

[0002] A device is known for smoothing the outer surfaces of parts, containing a holder with a through stepped cylindrical hole, made with the possibility of its installation and fastening in the support of a metalworking machine, a mandrel installed in the hole of the holder and made with the possibility of its axial movement, a tip with an indenter, fixed in the mandrel, an elastic element placed between the mandrel and an adjusting nut and made with the possibility of changing its deformation [1].

[0003] The disadvantages of the device are: insufficient damping of vibrations of the mandrel with the indenter and lack of control of the smoothing force.

[0004] A device is known for smoothing the outer surfaces of parts, containing a holder with a through stepped cylindrical hole, made with the possibility of its installation and fastening in the support of a metalworking machine, a mandrel installed in the holder and made with the possibility of axial movement and damping of its vibrations, a tip with an indenter, fixed in the mandrel, a cover closing the opening of the holder, an elastic element placed between the mandrel and the cover, a screw-nut transmission for adjusting the deformation of the elastic element [2].

[0005] The disadvantages of the device are: the complexity of the design and the lack of control over the smoothing force.

[0006] A device is known for smoothing the outer surfaces of parts, containing a holder with a through cylindrical hole, made with the possibility of its installation and fastening in the support of a metalworking machine, a mandrel installed in the hole of the holder and made with the possibility of its axial movement, a tip with an indenter, fixed in the mandrel, an elastic element placed between the mandrel and an adjusting screw, an indicator for monitoring the smoothing force [3].

[0007] The disadvantage of the device is insufficient damping of vibrations of the mandrel with the indenter.

[0008] The closest in technical essence and achieved effect to the proposed one is a device for smoothing the outer surfaces of parts, containing a holder with a through stepped cylindrical hole, made with the possibility of its installation and fastening in the support of a metalworking machine, a mandrel installed in the hole of the holder with a smaller diameter and made with the possibility of axial movement and damping of its vibrations, a tip with an indenter, fixed in the mandrel, a cover closing the hole of the holder with a larger diameter, an elastic element placed between the mandrel and the cover, made with the possibility of adjusting its deformation with an adjusting screw, an indicator for monitoring the smoothing force [4].

[0009] The disadvantage of the prototype is the complexity of the design.

[0010] The technical objective of the utility model is to simplify the design and expand the technical capabilities of the device.

[0011] The solution to the specified problem is achieved in that the mandrel is equipped with a piston made with the possibility of axial movement in the hole of the holder with a large diameter and dividing this hole into the rod and piston cavities, through axial holes are made in the piston, the cover is connected to the holder by a threaded connection, the rod and piston cavities of the holder are filled with a hydraulic plastic with the possibility of regulating its pressure, the indicator for monitoring the smoothing force is fixed in the cover and is made in the form of a pressure gauge, the scale of which is calibrated in units of force, the screw for adjusting the pressure of the hydraulic plastic is installed in the radial hole of the piston cavity of the holder.

[0012] Comparison of the declared device with the prototype shows that there are new parts and functional connections between them.

[0013] The new parts are: a piston with through axial holes; a holder cover with external thread; a hydraulic fluid; a smoothing force control indicator made in the form of a pressure gauge; an adjusting screw.

[0014] New functional connections.

[0015] A piston with through axial holes, acting on the hydraulic plastic in the rod and piston cavities of the holder, dampens the vibrations of the mandrel with the indenter during operation of the device.

[0016] The holder cover with external thread hermetically seals the piston cavity of the holder and allows you to create preliminary excess pressure of the hydraulic fluid when preparing the device for operation.

[0017] The hydroplast is an elastic element of the device and, acting with excess pressure on the piston, creates a smoothing force on the indenter.

[0018] The indicator, made in the form of a pressure gauge, allows for constant visual control of the ironing force.

[0019] The adjusting screw allows you to adjust the ironing force.

[0020] The design is simplified and the technical capabilities of the device are expanded by: using a hydraulic plastic as an elastic element, damping the vibrations of the mandrel with the indenter during the movements of a piston with through axial holes in the hydraulic plastic; regulating the smoothing force over a wide range by changing the hydraulic plastic pressure, pre-setting the working pressure of the hydraulic plastic by moving the cover and adjusting this pressure with an adjusting screw, and constantly visually monitoring the smoothing force according to the readings of the indicator-pressure gauge.

[0021] The design diagram of the device for smoothing the outer surfaces of parts is shown in Fig. 1.

[0022] A device for smoothing the outer surfaces of parts comprises: a holder 1 with a through stepped cylindrical hole, made with the possibility of its installation and fastening in the support of a metalworking machine (not shown in Fig. 1); a mandrel 2, installed in the hole of the holder with a smaller diameter and made with the possibility of axial movement and damping of its vibrations; a tip 3 with an indenter 4, fixed in the mandrel; a cover 5 with an external thread, closing the hole of the holder with a larger diameter; an adjusting screw 6; an indicator 7 for monitoring the smoothing force, made in the form of a pressure gauge, the scale of which is calibrated in units of force.

[0023] The mandrel is equipped with a piston 8, capable of axial movement within a large-diameter bore of the toolholder, dividing this bore into a rod 9 and piston 10 cavity. The piston contains through axial holes 11. The cover is connected to the toolholder via a threaded connection. The rod and piston cavities of the toolholder are filled with hydraulic fluid 12, with adjustable pressure. A burnishing force indicator is secured in the cover. A hydraulic pressure adjustment screw 6 is installed in a radial bore of the toolholder's piston cavity.

[0024] The device operates as follows.

[0025] Before using the device for the first time, it is necessary to: pull the mandrel 2 out of the holder 1 until the piston 8 stops against the end of the hole of a larger diameter; fill the piston cavity 10 with heated hydraulic plastic 12 and close it with the cover 5 with the pressure gauge 7; by turning the cover in the threaded connection with the holder, create a preliminary excess pressure of the hydraulic plastic; install and fix the device motionless; by loading the indenter 4 in stages through a dynamometer (not shown in Fig. 1), record the corresponding readings of the pressure gauge; calibrate the pressure gauge scale in units of force measurement.

[0026] To machine a part, toolholder 1 is installed and secured in the support of a metalworking machine. Using the support's cross-feed mechanism, indenter 4 is pressed against the workpiece surface, which is mounted and secured in the machine's spindle (not shown in Fig. 1). At the same time, mandrel 2 with indenter 4, tip 3, and piston 8 moves to the right within the toolholder 1 bore, exerting force on the hydraulic fluid. The hydraulic fluid pressure is increased to a predetermined operating value. Part of the hydraulic fluid from the piston cavity 10 enters the rod cavity 9 through the axial holes 11 in the piston 8. The damping of the vibrations of the mandrel with the indenter, caused by the radial runout of the machine spindle and the surface of the workpiece, as well as other reasons, occurs due to the movements of the piston in the viscous medium and the flow of hydraulic fluid from the piston cavity of the holder to the rod cavity and back.The smoothing force is controlled by the readings of indicator 7 and adjusted, if necessary, with the adjusting screw 6.

[0027] Smoothing the outer surface of a cylindrical part by plastic deformation occurs during rotation of the part (main movement) and longitudinal translational movement of the device (feed movement) in one or more passes.

[0028] Sources of information taken into account

[0029] 1. Odintsov L.G. Hardening and finishing of parts by surface plastic deformation: Handbook. - M.: Mashinostroenie, 1987, p. 157, fig. 110, a.

[0030] 2. USSR Author's Certificate No. 349574, IPC B24B 39|04, prior. 02.11.1970, published 04.09.1972, Bulletin No. 26.

[0031] 3. Handbook of a mechanical engineering technologist. In 2 volumes. Vol. 2 / Ed. by A.G. Kosilova and R.K. Meshcheryakov. - 4th ed., revised and enlarged. - Moscow: Mashinostroenie, 1986, p. 411, fig. 30,a.

[0032] 4. USSR Author's Certificate No. 1207733, IPC B24B 39|04, prior. 08.02.1984, published 30.01.1986, Bulletin No. 4 (prototype).

Claims

A device for smoothing the outer surfaces of parts, comprising a holder with a through stepped cylindrical hole with a larger and smaller diameter, made with the possibility of its installation and fastening in the support of a metalworking machine, a mandrel installed in the hole of the holder with a smaller diameter and made with the possibility of axial movement and damping of its vibrations, a tip with an indenter fixed in the mandrel, a cover closing the hole of the holder with a large diameter, an elastic element placed between the mandrel and the cover, made with the possibility of adjusting its deformation with an adjusting screw, an indicator for monitoring the smoothing force, characterized in that the mandrel is provided with a piston made with the possibility of axial movement in the hole of the holder with a large diameter and dividing this hole into a rod and piston cavities, through axial holes are made in the piston, the cover is connected to the holder by a threaded connection,The rod and piston cavities of the holder are filled with a hydraulic fluid with the ability to regulate its pressure, the indicator for monitoring the smoothing force is fixed in the cover and is made in the form of a pressure gauge, the scale of which is graduated in units of force, the screw for adjusting the hydraulic pressure is installed in the radial hole of the piston cavity of the holder.

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