Mechanism for handling sensing collision
By exchanging information on sensing area authorization and UE states, the proposed mechanism addresses sensing collisions in ISAC systems, enhancing their efficiency and effectiveness.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2023/133000
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-11-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-19
AI Technical Summary
Existing wireless communication systems face challenges in handling collisions between sensing authorization statuses for areas and objects, leading to inefficiencies in Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) systems.
Implement a mechanism where user equipment (UE) and base stations (BS) exchange information on sensing area authorization and UE states, allowing them to perform specific operations based on whether an area is authorized as a sensing area and the UE's state is sensible or non-sensible, thereby resolving potential collisions.
This approach enhances the efficiency and effectiveness of ISAC systems by enabling dynamic and coordinated handling of sensing collisions, ensuring authorized sensing operations and reducing conflicts.
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Figure CN2023133000_19022026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
MECHANISM FOR HANDLING SENSING COLLISIONTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications, and more specifically to a user equipment (UE) , a base station (BS) , methods, apparatuses, and computer readable medium for a mechanism for handling sensing collision.BACKGROUND
[0002] A wireless communications system may include one or multiple network communication devices, such as base stations, which may be otherwise known as an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. Each network communication devices, such as a base station may support wireless communications for one or multiple user communication devices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE) , or other suitable terminology. The wireless communications system may support wireless communications with one or multiple user communication devices by utilizing resources of the wireless communication system (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) . Additionally, the wireless communications system may support wireless communications across various radio access technologies including third generation (3G) radio access technology, fourth generation (4G) radio access technology, fifth generation (5G) radio access technology, among other suitable radio access technologies beyond 5G (e.g., sixth generation (6G) ) .
[0003] Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) is a key technology of 5G advanced (5G-A) and 6G. It involves the integration of communication and sensing functions in a single system.SUMMARY
[0004] The present disclosure relates to a base station, user equipment, methods, apparatuses, processors, and computer readable medium for handling sensing collision. According to the proposed solution, enhancements for sensing in ISAC are proposed.
[0005] In some implementations, there is provided a UE. The UE comprises at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the UE to: receive, from a base station, first information indicating whether an area in which the UE located is authorized as a sensing area; and in accordance with a determination that the area is a sensing area and a state of the UE is a non-sensible state, perform a first set of operations; or in accordance with a determination that the area is a non-sensing area and the state of the UE is a sensible state, perform a second set of operations.
[0006] In some implementations, there is provided a base station. The base station comprises at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the base station to: transmit, to a UE, first information indicating whether an area in which the UE located is authorized as a sensing area; receive, from the UE, second information indicating a state of the UE, wherein the state is a sensible state or a non-sensible state; and in accordance with a determination that the area is a sensing area and the state of the UE is the non-sensible state, perform a third set of operations; or in accordance with a determination that the area is a non-sensing area and the state of the UE is the sensible state, perform a fourth set of operations.
[0007] In some implementations, there is provided a method performed by the UE. The method comprises: receiving, from a base station, first information indicating whether an area in which the UE located is authorized as a sensing area; and in accordance with a determination that the area is a sensing area and a state of the UE is a non-sensible state, performing a first set of operations; or in accordance with a determination that the area is a non-sensing area and the state of the UE is a sensible state, performing a second set of operations.
[0008] In some implementations, there is provided a method performed by the base station. The method comprises: transmitting, to a UE, first information indicating whether an area in which the UE located is authorized as a sensing area; receiving, from the UE, second information indicating a state of the UE, wherein the state is a sensible state or a non-sensible state; and in accordance with a determination that the area is a sensing area and the state of the UE is the non-sensible state, performing a third set of operations; or in accordance with a determination that the area is a non-sensing area and the state of the UE is the sensible state, performing a fourth set of operations.
[0009] In some implementations, there is provided a processor for wireless communication. The processor comprises at least one controller coupled with at least one memory and configured to cause the processor to: receive, from a base station, first information indicating whether an area in which the UE located is authorized as a sensing area; and in accordance with a determination that the area is a sensing area and a state of the UE is a non-sensible state, perform a first set of operations; or in accordance with a determination that the area is a non-sensing area and the state of the UE is a sensible state, perform a second set of operations.
[0010] In some implementations, there is provided a processor for wireless communication. The processor comprises at least one controller coupled with at least one memory and configured to cause the processor to: transmit, to a UE, first information indicating whether an area in which the UE located is authorized as a sensing area; receive, from the UE, second information indicating a state of the UE, wherein the state is a sensible state or a non-sensible state; and in accordance with a determination that the area is a sensing area and the state of the UE is the non-sensible state, perform a third set of operations; or in accordance with a determination that the area is a non-sensing area and the state of the UE is the sensible state, perform a fourth set of operations.
[0011] In some implementations of the methods and the UE described herein, further comprising: transmitting, to the base station, second information indicating the state of the UE, wherein the state is the sensible state or the non-sensible state.
[0012] In some implementations of the methods and the UE described herein, further comprising: transmitting, to the base station, updated information indicating that the state of the UE has been changed to the sensible state.
[0013] In some implementations of the methods and the UE described herein, the first set of operations comprises: changing the state of the UE to be the sensible state.
[0014] In some implementations of the methods and the UE described herein, the first set of operations comprises: receiving, from the base station, a request for changing the state of the UE; and changing, based on the request, the state of the UE to be the sensible state.
[0015] In some implementations of the methods and the UE described herein, the first set of operations comprises: receiving, from the base station, third information indicating that a subarea of the area has been set as a non-sensing subarea, wherein the UE is located in the subarea.
[0016] In some implementations of the methods and the UE described herein, the first set of operations comprises: transmitting, to the base station, a report indicating an importance level of the UE; and receiving, from the base station, fourth information indicating that the area has been set to be a non-sensing area.
[0017] In some implementations of the methods and the UE described herein, the second set of operations comprises: receiving, from the base station, fourth information indicating that a subarea of the area has been set as a sensing subarea, wherein the UE is located in the subarea.
[0018] In some implementations of the methods and the UE described herein, the second set of operations comprises: changing the state of the UE to be the non-sensible state; and transmitting, to the base station, updated information indicating that the state of the UE has been changed to the non-sensible state.
[0019] In some implementations of the methods and the UE described herein, the second set of operations comprises: receiving, from the base station, a request for leaving the area.
[0020] In some implementations of the methods and the base station described herein, the third set of operations comprises: receiving, from the UE, updated information indicating that the state of the UE has been changed to the sensible state.
[0021] In some implementations of the methods and the base station described herein, the third set of operations comprises: transmitting, to the UE, a request for changing the state of the UE; and receiving, from the UE, updated information indicating that the state of the UE has been changed to the sensible state.
[0022] In some implementations of the methods and the base station described herein, the third set of operations comprises: setting a subarea of the area to be a non-sensing subarea, wherein the UE is located in the subarea; and transmitting, to a plurality of devices comprising the UE, third information indicating that the subarea of the area has been set as the non-sensing area.
[0023] In some implementations of the methods and the base station described herein, the third set of operations comprises: receiving, from the UE, a report indicating an importance level of the UE; and in accordance with a determination that the importance level of the UE exceeds a level threshold, setting the area to be the non-sensing area; and transmitting, to a plurality of devices comprising the UE, fourth information indicating that the area has been set to be the non-sensing area.
[0024] In some implementations of the methods and the base station described herein, the fourth set of operations comprises: setting a subarea of the area has been set as a sensing subarea, wherein the UE is located in the subarea; and transmitting, to a plurality of devices comprising the UE, fourth information indicating that the subarea of the area has been set to be the sensing subarea.
[0025] In some implementations of the methods and the base station described herein, the fourth set of operations comprises: receiving, from the UE, updated information indicating that the state of the UE has been changed to the non-sensible state.
[0026] In some implementations of the methods and the base station described herein, the fourth set of operations comprises: transmitting, to the UE, a request for leaving the area.
[0027] In some implementations of the methods and the base station described herein, the fourth set of operations further comprises: in accordance with a determination a predefined time period elapses and the UE is still in the area, taking the UE as a non-sensing UE.
[0028] In some implementations of the methods, the UE, and the base station described herein, the subarea is a round region with a predefined radius around the UE.
[0029] In some implementations of the methods, the UE, and the base station described herein, the first information indicates that the area is authorized as the sensing area, and the first information further indicates a valid time period for the sensing area.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0030] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system in which some embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;
[0031] FIG. 2A illustrates a schematic diagram of usage scenarios which include the ISAC;
[0032] FIG. 2B illustrates a schematic diagram of an example communication network in which some embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;
[0033] FIG. 3 illustrates a signalling chart illustrating communication process in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0034] FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a device that is suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0035] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a processor that is suitable for implementing some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0036] FIG. 6 illustrates a flowchart of an example method implemented at a UE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure; and
[0037] FIG. 7 illustrates a flowchart of an example method implemented at a BS in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0038] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar element.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0039] Principles of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. The disclosure described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below. In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0040] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “some embodiments, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment (s) described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment (s) . Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0041] It shall be understood that although the terms “first” and “second” or the like may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, a first element could also be termed as a second element, and similarly, a second element could also be termed as a first element, without departing from the scope of embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms. In some examples, values, procedures, or apparatuses are referred to as “best, ” “lowest, ” “highest, ” “minimum, ” “maximum, ” or the like. It will be appreciated that such descriptions are intended to indicate that a selection among many used functional alternatives can be made, and such selections need not be better, smaller, higher, or otherwise preferable to other selections.
[0042] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a, ” “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises, ” “comprising, ” “has, ” “having, ” “includes” and / or “including, ” when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, components and / or the like, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof. For example, the term “includes” and its variants are to be read as open terms that mean “includes, but is not limited to. ” The term “based on” is to be read as “based at least in part on. ” The term “one embodiment” and “an embodiment” are to be read as “at least one embodiment. ” The term “another embodiment” is to be read as “at least one other embodiment. ” The use of an expression such as “A and / or B” can mean either “only A” or “only B” or “both A and B. ” Other definitions, explicit and implicit, may be included below.
[0043] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system 100 in which some embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more network entities 102 (also referred to as network equipment (NE) ) , one or more UEs 104, a core network 106, and a packet data network 108. The wireless communications system 100 may support various radio access technologies. In some implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 4G network, such as a long term evolution (LTE) network or an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network. In some other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 5G network, such as a new radio (NR) network. In other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a combination of a 4G network and a 5G network, or other suitable radio access technology including Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20. The wireless communications system 100 may support radio access technologies beyond 5G. Additionally, the wireless communications system 100 may support technologies, such as time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , or code division multiple access (CDMA) , etc.
[0044] The one or more network entities 102 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region to form the wireless communications system 100. One or more of the network entities 102 described herein may be or include or may be referred to as a network node, a base station, a network element, a radio access network (RAN) , a base transceiver station, an access point, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. A network entity 102 and a UE 104 may communicate via a communication link 110, which may be a wireless or wired connection. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may perform wireless communication (e.g., receive signaling, transmit signaling) over a Uu interface.
[0045] A network entity 102 may provide a geographic coverage area 112 for which the network entity 102 may support services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, message, broadcast, etc. ) for one or more UEs 104 within the geographic coverage area 112. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may support wireless communication of signals related to services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) according to one or multiple radio access technologies. In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be moveable, for example, a satellite associated with a non-terrestrial network. In some implementations, different geographic coverage areas 112 associated with the same or different radio access technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas 112 may be associated with different network entities 102. Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0046] The one or more UEs 104 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region of the wireless communications system 100. A UE 104 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a remote unit, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology. In some implementations, the UE 104 may be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 104 may be referred to as an Internet-of-Things (IoT) device, an Internet-of-Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, among other examples. In some implementations, a UE 104 may be stationary in the wireless communications system 100. In some other implementations, a UE 104 may be mobile in the wireless communications system 100.
[0047] The one or more UEs 104 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some examples of UEs 104 are illustrated in FIG. 1. A UE 104 may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as the network entities 102, other UEs 104, or network equipment (e.g., the core network 106, the packet data network 108, a relay device, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, or another network equipment) , as shown in FIG. 1. Additionally, or alternatively, a UE 104 may support communication with other network entities 102 or UEs 104, which may act as relays in the wireless communications system 100.
[0048] A UE 104 may also be able to support wireless communication directly with other UEs 104 over a communication link 114. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) deployments, or cellular-V2X deployments, the communication link 114 may be referred to as a sidelink (SL) . For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a PC5 interface.
[0049] A network entity 102 may support communications with the core network 106, or with another network entity 102, or both. For example, a network entity 102 may interface with the core network 106 through one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N3, or another network interface) . The network entities 102 may communicate with each other over the backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an X2, Xn, or another network interface) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., between the network entities 102) . In some other implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 106) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 may include subcomponents, such as an access network entity, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC) . An ANC may communicate with the one or more UEs 104 through one or more other access network transmission entities, which may be referred to as a radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission-reception points (TRPs) .
[0050] In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be configured in a disaggregated architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically distributed among two or more network entities 102, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) , or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN) ) . For example, a network entity 102 may include one or more of a central unit (CU) , a distributed unit (DU) , a radio unit (RU) , a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) (e.g., a Near-Real Time RIC (Near-RT RIC) , a Non-Real Time RIC (Non-RT RIC) ) , a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) system, or any combination thereof.
[0051] An RU may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , or a transmission reception point (TRP) . One or more components of the network entities 102 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 102 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU) , a virtual DU (VDU) , a virtual RU (VRU) ) .
[0052] Split of functionality between a CU, a DU, and an RU may be flexible and may support different functionalities depending upon which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, radio frequency functions, and any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU, a DU, or an RU. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU and a DU such that the CU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some implementations, the CU may host upper protocol layer (e.g., a layer 3 (L3) , a layer 2 (L2) ) functionality and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) , service data adaption protocol (SDAP) , Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) ) . The CU may be connected to one or more DUs or RUs, and the one or more DUs or RUs may host lower protocol layers, such as a layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or an L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU.
[0053] Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU and an RU such that the DU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs) . In some implementations, a functional split between a CU and a DU, or between a DU and an RU may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU, a DU, or an RU, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU, the DU, or the RU) .
[0054] A CU may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU may be connected to one or more DUs via a midhaul communication link (e.g., F1, F1-C, F1-U) , and a DU may be connected to one or more RUs via a fronthaul communication link (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface) . In some implementations, a midhaul communication link or a fronthaul communication link may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities 102 that are in communication via such communication links.
[0055] The core network 106 may support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 106 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) , or a 5G core (5GC) , which may include a control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management functions (AMF) ) and a user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . In some implementations, the control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management (e.g., data bearers, signal bearers, etc. ) for the one or more UEs 104 served by the one or more network entities 102 associated with the core network 106.
[0056] The core network 106 may communicate with the packet data network 108 over one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N3, or another network interface) . The packet data network 108 may include an application server 118. In some implementations, one or more UEs 104 may communicate with the application server 118. A UE 104 may establish a session (e.g., a protocol data unit (PDU) session, or the like) with the core network 106 via a network entity 102. The core network 106 may route traffic (e.g., control information, data, and the like) between the UE 104 and the application server 118 using the established session (e.g., the established PDU session) . The PDU session may be an example of a logical connection between the UE 104 and the core network 106 (e.g., one or more network functions of the core network 106) .
[0057] In the wireless communications system 100, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may use resources of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) ) to perform various operations (e.g., wireless communications) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different resource structures. For example, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different frame structures. In some implementations, such as in 4G, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support a single frame structure. In some other implementations, such as in 5G and among other suitable radio access technologies, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures (i.e., multiple frame structures) . The network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures based on one or more numerologies.
[0058] One or more numerologies may be supported in the wireless communications system 100, and a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing and a cyclic prefix. A first numerology (e.g., μ=0) may be associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. In some implementations, the first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with the first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may utilize one slot per subframe. A second numerology (e.g., μ=1) may be associated with a second subcarrier spacing (e.g., 30 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A third numerology (e.g., μ=2) may be associated with a third subcarrier spacing (e.g., 60 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix or an extended cyclic prefix. A fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) may be associated with a fourth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 120 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A fifth numerology (e.g., μ=4) may be associated with a fifth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 240 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix.
[0059] A time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to frames (also referred to as radio frames) . Each frame may have a duration, for example, a 10 millisecond (ms) duration. In some implementations, each frame may include multiple subframes. For example, each frame may include 10 subframes, and each subframe may have a duration, for example, a 1 ms duration. In some implementations, each frame may have the same duration. In some implementations, each subframe of a frame may have the same duration.
[0060] Additionally or alternatively, a time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to slots. For example, a subframe may include a number (e.g., quantity) of slots. The number of slots in each subframe may also depend on the one or more numerologies supported in the wireless communications system 100. For instance, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth numerologies (i.e., μ=0, μ=1, μ=2, μ=3, μ=4) associated with respective subcarrier spacings of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, and 240 kHz may utilize a single slot per subframe, two slots per subframe, four slots per subframe, eight slots per subframe, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. Each slot may include a number (e.g., quantity) of symbols (e.g., OFDM symbols) . In some implementations, the number (e.g., quantity) of slots for a subframe may depend on a numerology. For a normal cyclic prefix, a slot may include 14 symbols. For an extended cyclic prefix (e.g., applicable for 60 kHz subcarrier spacing) , a slot may include 12 symbols. The relationship between the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per subframe, and the number of slots per frame for a normal cyclic prefix and an extended cyclic prefix may depend on a numerology. It should be understood that reference to a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may be used interchangeably between subframes and slots.
[0061] In the wireless communications system 100, an electromagnetic (EM) spectrum may be split, based on frequency or wavelength, into various classes, frequency bands, frequency channels, etc. By way of example, the wireless communications system 100 may support one or multiple operating frequency bands, such as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz –7.125 GHz) , FR2 (24.25 GHz –52.6 GHz) , FR3 (7.125 GHz –24.25 GHz) , FR4 (52.6 GHz –114.25 GHz) , FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz –71 GHz) , and FR5 (114.25 GHz –300 GHz) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may perform wireless communications over one or more of the operating frequency bands. In some implementations, FR1 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for cellular communications traffic (e.g., control information, data) . In some implementations, FR2 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for short-range, high data rate capabilities.
[0062] FR1 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least three numerologies) . For example, FR1 may be associated with a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) , which includes 15 kHz subcarrier spacing; a second numerology (e.g., μ=1) , which includes 30 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing. FR2 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least 2 numerologies) . For example, FR2 may be associated with a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) , which includes 120 kHz subcarrier spacing.
[0063] FIG. 2A illustrates a schematic diagram of usage scenarios and overarching aspects of IMT-2030. Six major usage scenarios are defined for IMT-2030 (6G) , as illustrated in FIG. 2A by the hexagon, extending from the triangle featuring IMT-2020. On the circle around the hexagon are the four overarching aspects, i.e. sustainability, ubiquitous intelligence, security / privacy / resilience, and connecting the unconnected, that act as essential design principles applicable to all usage scenarios. According to the radio communication division of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU-R) IMT framework, ISAC (201 in FIG. 2A) is one of the six usage scenarios.
[0064] In past years, radar system and communication system are independent systems, and they are working on different frequency spectrum. Since they are all working based on electromagnetic wave and the difference on frequency spectrum and system architecture is decreasing, in recent years, the research is focused on the Dual-functional radar and communication (DFRC) to further improve the intelligence of communication system. Such technology, in the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) , is becoming one of most important technologies for next generation communication system, e.g. 6G system, called Integrated Sensing and Communication. By such technology and by sensing the physical characteristics of nearby environment on the frequency spectrum of communication, sensing and communication can be improved by each other.
[0065] Sensing the nearby environment may associate with a user location and status detection, which are privacy sensing results and need to be authorized by the specific user or area. According to the current authorization requirement for 5G network, subject to regulation and operator’s policies, the 5G network shall be able to configure and / or authorize or revoke authorization of sensing service, sensing transmitter (s) and sensing receiver (s) for 5G wireless sensing service. And such configuration and authorization can be based on sensing transmitter or sensing receiver location, specific time, sensing duration, sensing accuracy, target sensing geographical area, establishing of communication to transfer sensing data, etc.
[0066] Currently, there are two main methods for sensing authorization: Method 1: Per-Area Sensing Authorization; and Method 2: Per-Object Sensing Authorization. Method 1 is to authorize the network to sensing a certain area, and the network can sense the state of objects in this area. Method 2 is that a terminal authorizes the network to sense its position and posture.
[0067] In some cases, both area based and object based sensing authorizations may be applied. However, the authorization statuses of area and object may be different in some cases, that is, a collision may occur for sensing. In this event, how to handle the collision needs to be addressed.
[0068] For ease of description, some terms used in the present disclosure are presented below.
[0069] In the present disclosure, a state of a UE may be a sensing state of the UE, which may be a sensible state or a non-sensible state. The UE with / in a sensible state may be a sensed UE, a sensible UE, an authorized-sensed UE, an authorized sensible UE, a UE permitted for sensing, or the like. The UE with / in a non-sensible state may be a non-sensed UE, a non-sensible UE, a non-authorized-sensed UE, a non-authorized-sensible UE, a UE not permitted for sensing, or the like.
[0070] In the present disclosure, an area may be authorized as a sensing area or a non-sensing area. The area may be configured or set by a BS as a sensing area or a non-sensing area. The sensing area may be a sensing authorized area, an area authorized for sensing, an area allowed for sensing, or the like. The non-sensing area may be a sensing non-authorized area, an area not authorized for sensing, an area not allowed for sensing, or the like.
[0071] FIG. 2B illustrates a schematic diagram of an example communication network 200 in which some embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. As shown in FIG. 2B, the communication network 200 may include a BS 210 and a UE 220, which may communicate with each other. For example, the UE 220 may be located with an area 250 which is provided (or controlled) by the BS 210. With reference to FIG. 1, the BS 210 may be a network entity 102 in FIG. 1, and the UE 220 may be a UE 104 in FIG. 1.
[0072] The communication network 200 may be an ISAC system, which includes a sensing transmitter 260 and a sensing receiver 270. In some implementations, the sensing transmitter 260 may be implemented as an access network device, or a terminal device. For example, the sensing transmitter 260 may be integrated in the BS 210. In some implementations, the sensing receiver 270 may be implemented as an access network device, or a terminal device. For example, the sensing receiver 270 may be integrated in the BS 210. In some implementations, the sensing transmitter 260 and the sensing receiver 270 may be implemented as a same device.
[0073] The sensing transmitter 260 and the sensing receiver 270 may be used for sensing one or more targets, e.g., in a sensing area. For example, if the area 250 is authorized as a sensing area, the sensing transmitter 260 and the sensing receiver 270 may be used for sensing one or more targets in the area 250, for example, the one or more targets may include the UE 220.
[0074] In the communication network 200, the BS 210 may be a serving BS (such as a gNB) of the UE 220. In some implementations, the BS 210 may be configured to control sensing operations of the sensing transmitter 260 and the sensing receiver 270. For example, the BS 210 may refer to a controller for sensing. In some implementations, the area 250 may be authorized by the BS 210 as a sensing area, and the sensing transmitter 260 and the sensing receiver 270 may be used for sensing one or more targets in the area 250.
[0075] It is to be understood that the numbers of sensing transmitters, sensing receivers, UEs, shown in FIG. 2B are only for the purpose of illustration only. The network 200 may include any suitable numbers of sensing transmitters, sensing receivers, and UEs.
[0076] Reference is further made to FIG. 3, which illustrates a signalling chart illustrating communication process 300 in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The process 300 may involve the BS 210 and the UE 220 as show in FIG. 2B. It would be appreciated that the process 300 may be applied to other communication scenarios, which will not be described in detail.
[0077] In the process 300, the BS 210 transmits first information to the UE 220 at 310. The first information may indicate whether an area is authorized as a sensing area or a non-sensing area. For example, the area may be an area which the BS 210 provides and the UE 220 locates in. For example, the area may be a serving area of the BS 210. For example, the area may be a cell, or may be a specific area.
[0078] In some implementations, the first information may be transmitted in a broadcast manner. In some examples, the first information may be transmitted periodically. In some examples, the first information may be transmitted trigger-based. For example, upon detecting the UE 220 moved into the area, the BS 210 may transmit the first information.
[0079] In some implementations, the first information may be carried in a layer 3 message, e.g., RRC signalling. In some examples, the first information may be location based information. For example, the UE 220 may determine its location, and determine whether an area of the location locates is authorized as a sensing area based on the first information.
[0080] In some implementations, the first information may be carried in system information, such as SIB 1.
[0081] In some implementations, the first information may be implemented as at least one bit. In some examples, one bit may be used as the first information. For example, the bit “1” indicates that the area is authorized as a sensing area, while the bit “0” indicates that the area is not authorized as a sensing area (i.e., non-sensing area) . For example, the bit “0” indicates that the area is authorized as a sensing area, while the bit “1” indicates that the area is not authorized as a sensing area (i.e., non-sensing area) .
[0082] In addition or alternatively, the UE 220 may transmit second information to the BS 210 at 320. The second information may indicate a state of the UE, for example, the state may be a sensible state or a non-sensible state.
[0083] In some implementations, the second information may be carried in assistance information. In some implementations, the second information may be implemented as at least one bit. In some examples, one bit may be used as the second information. For example, the bit “1” indicates a sensible state of the UE 220, while the bit “0” indicates a non-sensible state of the UE 220. For example, the bit “0” indicates a sensible state of the UE 220, while the bit “1” indicates a non-sensible state of the UE 220.
[0084] It is to be understood that although the procedure 320 is illustrated in FIG. 3, in some cases, the procedure 320 may be omitted. For example, the UE 220 may receive first information at 310, change its state at 330, then the UE 220 may transmit information to the BS 210 indicating a new state.
[0085] As discussed above, the area may be authorized as a sensing area or may not be authorized as a sensing area (i.e., non-sensing area) , and a state of the UE 220 may be a sensible state or a non-sensible state. In the present disclosure, two different cases are considered and various solutions are provided below.
[0086] Case 1: the area is authorized as a sensing area and a state of the UE 220 is a non-sensible state. In some example embodiments, the UE 220 may perform a first set of operations at 330, and the BS 210 may perform a third set of operations at 340.
[0087] In some implementations, the area is authorized as a sensing area, the authorization for the sensing area may be permanent. For example, as long as the area is authorized for sensing, the authorization status will not be changed unless further reconfiguration signaling for non-sensing area is received. In some implementations, the area is authorized as a sensing area, the authorization for the sensing area may be valid for a specific time period. In some implementations, the first information may further indicate a valid time period of the sensing area. For example, an ending timestamp for the sensing area may be included in the first information. For example, a start timestamp and a time duration of the valid time period for the sensing area may be included in the first information. In this event, the area is authorized for sensing during the valid time period. In some examples, the sensing area will become a non-sensing area and needs to be re-authorized after the valid time period.
[0088] In some example embodiments, the first information indicates that the area is authorized as a sensing area, e.g., the first information is received by the UE 220 at 310. In some examples, the UE 220 may be aware of that the area is authorized as a sensing area upon receiving the first information, in addition, the UE 220 may set its state to be a sensible state based on the first information. For example, the procedure 320 may be omitted. For example, if the state of the UE 220 is a non-sensible state, the UE 220 may change the state to be a sensible state. In some examples, the UE 220 may further transmit information to the BS 210, where the information may indicate that the state of the UE 220 has been set as a sensible state. On the other side of communication, the BS 210 may receive the information from the UE 220, where the information may indicate a sensible state of the UE 220. In this event, the non-authorized-sensed UE may autonomously authorized for being sensed after entering an area which is a sensing area (i.e. a sensing authorized area) . That is, upon entering a sensing area, the non-authorized-sensed UE may be changed to be allowed to be sensed by other nodes (such as the sensing receiver 270) .
[0089] In some example embodiments, the procedure 320 is performed, that is, the second information indicating that the state of the UE 220 is a non-sensible state is received by the BS 210 at 320. In some examples, the BS 210 may transmit a request for changing the state to the UE 220. For example, the BS 210 may request the UE 220 to authorize being sensed. For example, the request may be carried in dedicated RRC signalling.
[0090] In some examples, the UE 220 may change its state, e.g., from the non-sensible state to the sensible state, based on the request. In some examples, the UE 220 may further transmit information to the BS 210, where the information may indicate that the state of the UE 220 has been changed to be a sensible state. On the other side of communication, the BS 210 may receive the information from the UE 220, where the information may indicate a sensible state of the UE 220.
[0091] In some other examples, the UE 220 may not change its state, even the request is received. In some examples, the BS 210 may start a timer while transmitting the request. If the information indicating a sensible state of the UE 220 is received, the timer may be stopped. If the information is not received when the timer expires, the BS 210 may determine to sense the UE 220. For example, the BS 210 may regard the UE 220 as allowed to be sensed. For example, a sensing indication may be transmitted from the BS 210 to the sensing transmitter 260 and the sensing receiver 270, where the sensing indication may indicate to the sensing transmitter 260 and the sensing receiver 270 to sense the UE 220.
[0092] In some example embodiments, the procedure 320 is performed, that is, the second information indicating that the state of the UE 220 is a non-sensible state is received by the BS 210 at 320. In some examples, the BS 210 may set a subarea of the area to be a non-sensing subarea. For example, the UE 220 is located within the subarea, e.g. at a center of the subarea. For example, the subarea may be a round region with a predefined radius (or diameter) around the UE 220. For example, the radius may be 1 meter or another value. In some examples, the BS 210 may transmit third information indicating that the subarea of the area has been set as a non-sensing subarea. For example, the third information may be transmitted to the UE 220, the sensing transmitter 260, and the sensing receiver 270. For example, the third information may be transmitted in a broadcast manner, so that multiple devices in the serving area may receive it. For example, the third information may be transmitted via dedicated RRC signalling.
[0093] In some example embodiments, the first information indicates that the area is authorized as a sensing area, e.g., the first information is received by the UE 220 at 310. In some examples, the UE 220 may transmit a report to the BS 210, where the report may indicate an importance of the UE 220. For example, the procedure 320 may be omitted. For another example, in case the second information is transmitted, the report and the second information may be carried in a same message or in different messages.
[0094] In some examples, multiple importance levels may be predefined or preconfigured. For example, if sensing functionality is supported, a network configuration for importance may be used by the UE 220 to determine the importance of the UE 220.
[0095] For example, an importance of a UE may depend on one or more of the following: a type of the UE, main traffic of the UE, remaining battery of the UE, etc.
[0096] Upon receiving the report, the BS 210 may be aware of the importance of the UE 220. In some examples, if the importance level of the UE 220 exceeds a level threshold, the BS 210 may set the area to be the non-sensing area. That is, the area is no longer authorized as a sensing area, since the importance level of the UE 220 is high. In some examples, the BS 210 may transmit fourth information indicating that the area has been set to be the non-sensing area. For example, the fourth information may be transmitted to the UE 220, the sensing transmitter 260, and the sensing receiver 270. For example, the fourth information may be transmitted in a broadcast manner, so that multiple devices in the serving area may receive it. For example, the fourth information may be regarded as updated information of the first information, and the updated first information may indicate that the area is no longer authorized as a sensing area (non-sensing area) .
[0097] In this event, when a UE 220 with a high importance enters a sensing non-authorized area, the area may be stopped being authorized as a sensing area, as such, the UE 220 with a high importance will not be sensed, and a safety of the UE 220 may be guaranteed.
[0098] Case 2: the area is not authorized as a sensing area (non-sensing area) and a state of the UE 220 is a sensible state. In some example embodiments, the UE 220 may perform a second set of operations at 330, and the BS 210 may perform a fourth set of operations at 340.
[0099] In some example embodiments, the procedure 320 is performed, that is, the second information indicating that the state of the UE 220 is a sensible state is received by the BS 210 at 320. In some examples, the BS 210 may set a subarea of the area to be a sensing subarea. For example, the UE 220 is located within the subarea, e.g. at a center of the subarea. For example, the subarea may be a round region with a predefined radius (or diameter) around the UE 220. For example, the radius may be 1 meter or another value. In some examples, the BS 210 may transmit third information indicating that the subarea of the area has been set as a sensing subarea. For example, the third information may be transmitted to the UE 220, the sensing transmitter 260, and the sensing receiver 270. For example, the third information may be transmitted in a broadcast manner, so that multiple devices in the serving area may receive it. In this event, when an authorized sensed UE enters a sensing area, a subarea around the UE may be set as a non-sensing subarea autonomously.
[0100] In some example embodiments, the first information indicates that the area is not authorized as a sensing area (non-sensing area) , e.g., the first information is received by the UE 220 at 310. In some examples, the UE 220 may be aware of that the area is a non-sensing area upon receiving the first information, in addition, the UE 220 may set its state to be a non-sensible state based on the first information. For example, the procedure 320 may be omitted. For example, if the state of the UE 220 is a sensible state, the UE 220 may change the state to be a non-sensible state. In some examples, the UE 220 may further transmit information to the BS 210, where the information may indicate that the state of the UE 220 has been set as a non-sensible state. On the other side of communication, the BS 210 may receive the information from the UE 220, where the information may indicate a non-sensible state of the UE 220.
[0101] In some example embodiments, the procedure 320 is performed, that is, the second information indicating that the state of the UE 220 is a non-sensible state is received by the BS 210 at 320. In some examples, the BS 210 may transmit a request for leaving the area to the UE 220. In some examples, the procedure 320 may be performed before the procedure 310, and the first information and the request may be carried in a same message. For example, the message may include the first information and the request, the message may indicate to the UE 220 that the UE 220 has entered a sensing non-authorized area and request the UE 220 to leave the area.
[0102] In some examples, the UE 220 may leave based on the request. For example, the UE 220 may move to an outside area of the area 250, and a communication between the UE 220 and the BS 210 may be disabled.
[0103] In some other examples, the UE 220 may be still within the area 250, e.g. regardless of the request from the BS 210. In some examples, the BS 210 may start a timer while transmitting the request. If the UE 220 left, e.g. a communication between the UE 220 and the BS 210 is disabled, the timer may be stopped. If the UE 220 does not leave, e.g. a communication between the UE 220 and the BS 210 is still abled, when the timer expires, the BS 210 may determine not to sense the UE 220. For example, the BS 210 may take the UE 220 an a non-sensed UE.
[0104] According to some embodiments discussed with reference to FIG. 3, in case there is a collision of the sensing / non-sensing area and the sensed / non-sensed UE, a solution is provided for handling the collision, so that the sensing may be enabled or disabled. As such, a collision may be avoided, and a communication efficiency may be guaranteed. Therefore, both the area based sensing and the object based sensing are supported.
[0105] FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a device 400 that is suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 400 may be an example of a base station or a UE as described herein. The device 400 may support wireless communication with a BS 210, a UE 220, or any combination thereof. The device 400 may include components for bi-directional communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a processor 402, a memory 404, a transceiver 406, and, optionally, an I / O controller 408. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0106] The processor 402, the memory 404, the transceiver 406, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. For example, the processor 402, the memory 404, the transceiver 406, or various combinations or components thereof may support a method for performing one or more of the operations described herein.
[0107] In some implementations, the processor 402, the memory 404, the transceiver 406, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some implementations, the processor 402 and the memory 404 coupled with the processor 402 may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 402, instructions stored in the memory 404) .
[0108] For example, the processor 402 may support wireless communication at the device 400 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 402 may be configured to operable to support a means for operations discussed above.
[0109] The processor 402 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof) . In some implementations, the processor 402 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other implementations, a memory controller may be integrated into the processor 402. The processor 402 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 404) to cause the device 400 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.
[0110] The memory 404 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM) . The memory 404 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 402 cause the device 400 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some implementations, the code may not be directly executable by the processor 402 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some implementations, the memory 404 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
[0111] The I / O controller 408 may manage input and output signals for the device 400. The I / O controller 408 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device 400. In some implementations, the I / O controller 408 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some implementations, the I / O controller 408 may utilize an operating system such as or another known operating system. In some implementations, the I / O controller 408 may be implemented as part of a processor, such as the processor 402. In some implementations, a user may interact with the device 400 via the I / O controller 408 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 408.
[0112] In some implementations, the device 400 may include a single antenna 410. However, in some other implementations, the device 400 may have more than one antenna 410 (i.e., multiple antennas) , including multiple antenna panels or antenna arrays, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 406 may communicate bi-directionally, via the one or more antennas 410, wired, or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 406 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 406 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 410 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 410. The transceiver 406 may include one or more transmit chains, one or more receive chains, or a combination thereof.
[0113] A transmit chain may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) . The transmit chain may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM) , frequency modulation (FM) , or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) . The transmit chain may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmit chain may also include one or more antennas 410 for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.
[0114] A receive chain may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receive chain may include one or more antennas 410 for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receive chain may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA) ) configured to amplify the received signal. The receive chain may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receive chain may include at least one decoder for decoding the processing the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.
[0115] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a processor 500 that is suitable for implementing some embodiments of the present disclosure. The processor 500 may be an example of a processor configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 500 may include a controller 502 configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 500 may optionally include at least one memory 504, such as L1 / L2 / L3 cache. Additionally, or alternatively, the processor 500 may optionally include one or more arithmetic-logic units (ALUs) 506. One or more of these components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0116] The processor 500 may be a processor chipset and include a protocol stack (e.g., a software stack) executed by the processor chipset to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor chipset may include one or more cores, one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 500) or other memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , dynamic RAM (DRAM) , synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM) , static RAM (SRAM) , ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) , magnetic RAM (MRAM) , resistive RAM (RRAM) , flash memory, phase change memory (PCM) , and others) .
[0117] The controller 502 may be configured to manage and coordinate various operations (e.g., signaling, receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) of the processor 500 to cause the processor 500 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. For example, the controller 502 may operate as a control unit of the processor 500, generating control signals that manage the operation of various components of the processor 500. These control signals include enabling or disabling functional units, selecting data paths, initiating memory access, and coordinating timing of operations.
[0118] The controller 502 may be configured to fetch (e.g., obtain, retrieve, receive) instructions from the memory 504 and determine subsequent instruction (s) to be executed to cause the processor 500 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The controller 502 may be configured to track memory address of instructions associated with the memory 504. The controller 502 may be configured to decode instructions to determine the operation to be performed and the operands involved. For example, the controller 502 may be configured to interpret the instruction and determine control signals to be output to other components of the processor 500 to cause the processor 500 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. Additionally, or alternatively, the controller 502 may be configured to manage flow of data within the processor 500. The controller 502 may be configured to control transfer of data between registers, arithmetic logic units (ALUs) , and other functional units of the processor 500.
[0119] The memory 504 may include one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor 500 or other memory, such RAM, ROM, DRAM, SDRAM, SRAM, MRAM, flash memory, etc. In some implementations, the memory 504 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., local to the processor 500) . In some other implementations, the memory 504 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., remote to the processor 500) .
[0120] The memory 504 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 500, cause the processor 500 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. The controller 502 and / or the processor 500 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 504 to cause the processor 500 to perform various functions. For example, the processor 500 and / or the controller 502 may be coupled with or to the memory 504, the processor 500, the controller 502, and the memory 504 may be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the processor 500 may include multiple processors and the memory 504 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein.
[0121] The one or more ALUs 506 may be configured to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, the one or more ALUs 506 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., the processor 500) . In some other implementations, the one or more ALUs 506 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 500) . One or more ALUs 506 may perform one or more computations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on data. For example, one or more ALUs 506 may receive input operands and an operation code, which determines an operation to be executed. One or more ALUs 506 be configured with a variety of logical and arithmetic circuits, including adders, subtractors, shifters, and logic gates, to process and manipulate the data according to the operation. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more ALUs 506 may support logical operations such as AND, OR, exclusive-OR (XOR) , not-OR (NOR) , and not-AND (NAND) , enabling the one or more ALUs 506 to handle conditional operations, comparisons, and bitwise operations.
[0122] The processor 500 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 500 may be configured to or operable to support a means for operations described in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0123] FIG. 6 illustrates a flowchart of a method 600 performed by a UE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 600 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 600 may be performed by the UE 220 in FIG. 2B. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0124] At 610, the method may include receiving, from a base station, first information indicating whether an area in which the UE located is authorized as a sensing area. The operations of 610 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 610 may be performed by the UE 220 as described with reference to FIG. 2B.
[0125] At 620, the method may include in accordance with a determination that the area is a sensing area and a state of the UE is a non-sensible state, performing a first set of operations. The operations of 620 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 620 may be performed by the UE 220 as described with reference to FIG. 2B.
[0126] At 630, the method may include in accordance with a determination that the area is a non-sensing area and the state of the UE is a sensible state, performing a second set of operations. The operations of 630 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 630 may be performed by the UE 220 as described with reference to FIG. 2B.
[0127] FIG. 7 illustrates a flowchart of a method 700 performed by a base station in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 700 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 700 may be performed by the BS 210 in FIG. 2B. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0128] At 710, the method may include transmitting, to a UE, first information indicating whether an area in which the UE located is authorized as a sensing area. The operations of 710 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 710 may be performed by the BS 210 as described with reference to FIG. 2B.
[0129] At 720, the method may include receiving, from the UE, second information indicating a state of the UE, wherein the state is a sensible state or a non-sensible state. The operations of 720 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 720 may be performed by the BS 210 as described with reference to FIG. 2B.
[0130] At 730, the method may include in accordance with a determination that the area is a sensing area and the state of the UE is the non-sensible state, performing a third set of operations. The operations of 730 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 730 may be performed by the BS 210 as described with reference to FIG. 2B.
[0131] At 740, the method may include in accordance with a determination that the area is a non-sensing area and the state of the UE is the sensible state, performing a fourth set of operations. The operations of 740 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 740 may be performed by the BS 210 as described with reference to FIG. 2B.
[0132] It should be noted that the methods described herein describes possible implementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.
[0133] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
[0134] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.
[0135] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor.
[0136] As used herein, including in the claims, an article “a” before an element is unrestricted and understood to refer to “at least one” of those elements or “one or more” of those elements. The terms “a, ” “at least one, ” “one or more, ” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of” or “one or both of” ) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. Further, as used herein, including in the claims, a “set” may include one or more elements.
[0137] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
A user equipment (UE) comprising:at least one memory; andat least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the UE to:receive, from a base station, first information indicating whether an area in which the UE located is authorized as a sensing area; andin accordance with a determination that the area is a sensing area and a state of the UE is a non-sensible state, perform a first set of operations; orin accordance with a determination that the area is a non-sensing area and the state of the UE is a sensible state, perform a second set of operations.The UE of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to:transmit, to the base station, second information indicating the state of the UE, wherein the state is the sensible state or the non-sensible state.The UE of claim 1, wherein the first set of operations comprises:changing the state of the UE to be the sensible state.The UE of claim 2, wherein the first set of operations comprises:receiving, from the base station, a request for changing the state of the UE; andchanging, based on the request, the state of the UE to be the sensible state.The UE of claim 3 or 4, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to:transmit, to the base station, updated information indicating that the state of the UE has been changed to the sensible state.The UE of claim 2, wherein the first set of operations comprises:receiving, from the base station, third information indicating that a subarea of the area has been set as a non-sensing subarea, wherein the UE is located in the subarea.The UE of claim 2, wherein the first set of operations comprises:transmitting, to the base station, a report indicating an importance level of the UE; andreceiving, from the base station, fourth information indicating that the area has been set to be a non-sensing area.The UE of claim 2, wherein the second set of operations comprises:receiving, from the base station, fourth information indicating that a subarea of the area has been set as a sensing subarea, wherein the UE is located in the subarea.The UE of claim 1, wherein the second set of operations comprises:changing the state of the UE to be the non-sensible state; andtransmitting, to the base station, updated information indicating that the state of the UE has been changed to the non-sensible state.The UE of claim 2, wherein the second set of operations comprises:receiving, from the base station, a request for leaving the area.The UE of claim 1, wherein the first information indicates that the area is authorized as the sensing area, and the first information further indicates a valid time period for the sensing area.A base station comprising:at least one memory; andat least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the base station to:transmit, to a user equipment (UE) , first information indicating whether an area in which the UE located is authorized as a sensing area;receive, from the UE, second information indicating a state of the UE, wherein the state is a sensible state or a non-sensible state; andin accordance with a determination that the area is a sensing area and the state of the UE is the non-sensible state, perform a third set of operations; orin accordance with a determination that the area is a non-sensing area and the state of the UE is the sensible state, perform a fourth set of operations.The base station of claim 12, wherein the third set of operations comprises:receiving, from the UE, updated information indicating that the state of the UE has been changed to the sensible state.The base station of claim 12, wherein the third set of operations comprises:transmitting, to the UE, a request for changing the state of the UE; andreceiving, from the UE, updated information indicating that the state of the UE has been changed to the sensible state.The base station of claim 12, wherein the third set of operations comprises:setting a subarea of the area to be a non-sensing subarea, wherein the UE is located in the subarea; andtransmitting, to a plurality of devices comprising the UE, third information indicating that the subarea of the area has been set as the non-sensing area.The base station of claim 12, wherein the third set of operations comprises:receiving, from the UE, a report indicating an importance level of the UE; andin accordance with a determination that the importance level of the UE exceeds a level threshold, setting the area to be the non-sensing area; andtransmitting, to a plurality of devices comprising the UE, fourth information indicating that the area has been set to be the non-sensing area.The base station of claim 12, wherein the fourth set of operations comprises:setting a subarea of the area has been set as a sensing subarea, wherein the UE is located in the subarea; andtransmitting, to a plurality of devices comprising the UE, fourth information indicating that the subarea of the area has been set to be the sensing subarea.The base station of claim 12, wherein the fourth set of operations comprises:receiving, from the UE, updated information indicating that the state of the UE has been changed to the non-sensible state, ortransmitting, to the UE, a request for leaving the area.A method performed by a user equipment (UE) , comprising:receiving, from a base station, first information indicating whether an area in which the UE located is authorized as a sensing area; andin accordance with a determination that the area is a sensing area and a state of the UE is a non-sensible state, performing a first set of operations; orin accordance with a determination that the area is a non-sensing area and the state of the UE is a sensible state, performing a second set of operations.A method performed by a base station, comprising:transmitting, to a user equipment (UE) , first information indicating whether an area in which the UE located is authorized as a sensing area;receiving, from the UE, second information indicating a state of the UE, wherein the state is a sensible state or a non-sensible state; andin accordance with a determination that the area is a sensing area and the state of the UE is the non-sensible state, performing a third set of operations; orin accordance with a determination that the area is a non-sensing area and the state of the UE is the sensible state, performing a fourth set of operations.