Variable angle button-suture fixation assembly and related methods

Abstract

Variable angle button-suture fixation assemblies that enable suture assemblies to be deployed at more extreme angles, which are sometimes necessitated by the affected patient anatomy. The devices disclosed herein allow for the user to adjust the tension in a tensionable fixation member (e.g., surgical suture) at a more extreme angle than allowed by other systems (and also to adjust the angle of repair if needed during use), and then lock the construct with the tensionable fixation member under tension at the adjusted angle. Although described herein in the context of a knotless repair technique, the variable angle button-suture fixation assemblies described herein may be configured for use in a knotted fixation technique, or an interlocking suture fixation technique.

Description

[0001]- uner..e.resen a- ecaons annernaona acaon camneene oror ,e comeescosruorme o. w.crovssoerneancocaono. ,,e onr, as seorueren. rorae reerencenosscosure arcuaroeerevsceenscosure reaesenerao sossue rear reconsrucon, an moreenson memersose wxec a w var aaowe aonr seos resasuvee,oonee, axoaroan,eevncoe.n, anorra nures woe wnooun, seeam mene, acna aoenn coans.ueanrnoures accounorercen o oroec annua wc resusn enormous amoun nnures aone accounor moneoenvua ane econom.osevces u osenoanrc reaa arn oscaurenooe noessxaonor securn sossueoone oro esenures reureno-n orserorme,orracures or sossue rea neoone.raona, wen axaon maeroueoneo asss wxaonr w oro anneoone rearncaons, aooes eooe essenaenneane oxao ann ocror anevce,exaons unanar. racure rear or sossue reareooe can o ae or wasers useo asssn evceo comee s wneae.s mamnee srrenen o a s renaereacnaeu oe ensancesn wc aensone rears neee a more exreme anes. seere ma erormxaeonre wsen ors wcosouure aesacrnes s as veamra.e c aanexaon assem a cane useo anes. e user o e ass n aowe sureonsor a varae asse em can s erormeocn xaon an varae anes. s xamon. aoew assseomrwo a cnon mrueeno ar oc rueaanr ssucroascees werc w erm varae aneensonaexaon memerse en uzes auonevce aon w ee .., surca suure a can asss w erormn s rear. a cavocnes.scoeseevceerens mcoasee uesreeno mra vareou uss so ssueoone an oneoone o e exames o a caonsncue snesmosse re aasr a,n au rencaro,rrac ruerearx,aon. reoamr,e uaracures, ec. o rearsnc soosmee emereon amoenwss,ore m vuaraaen aanrxeauono.n-suurexaon assem an meo o rearsnc soosme emomens,e varae aneuon-suurexaon assem an meo can s sa use onereen aonoew wsorerrnn.n eren anesrou aae or a waser wc o rearsnc soosmee emereon cmreeaness, aeow va-rraoee anxaeoun oon-osun.urexaon assem an meo o rearsnc soosmee emereon rmeeunces,see v rasra oe re avnseonsu reoan-esuuorearxawaorne asrsoemmnenc aen. meo o rearsnc soosmee emereonmneenrasc,s we var ana are acnuaenu sounr-ascueu ore axaxaoonn asseame. an meo o rearsnc soosmee em ceoreo anc mm eaens vee, oceer v noarr omaee en an co aeuon-suurexaon assem an meo eevceconsru nsnrouce.ss manner usn eocnnerace o o rearsn some emomens,e varae aneuon-suurexaon assem an meo esn”o accoseeveeorcenn ma oee ceornosrrmuce. usn annerwoven suureaerne.., “nerra o rearsnc soosmee emereon mmaense,eer voarrmaee us anne aunoo-n-sunur meexoaoon a acsseemv an meo consruc. eocn oe assemores “cvrareaee arnene areu seovner aass emomens o a varae aneuon-suurexaon suure assemesoe em” or “ensonaexaon assem”a enae e ae eoe a more exreme anes, wc are somemes necessaeensoncne aeanseonna anaeomxa.on meemevecrese.s.c, sousrecaer seunu areo aw ao mroree u esero ause aowe oer ssemsan asoo ause ane o rear ne xreme aneanoce consruc weensonaexaon memer u eeurn use, anen ouescreerenne conex o anoesnerenson ae ause ane. uon-suurexaon assemeses s rearecnue,e varae ane xaonecnue, or anne creeren mae conureor usen anoe uon-suur rocn suurexaonecnue. wa o exame,enoess com exaonecnue reerreoerensenera sown anescren rmooenc-owne.aeno.,,,ssueeemer, , an ene “noessncororaea rezaonsem”“e ‘ aen”,e enre conens o wcs surc erence as seorueren. ou sown anescreeren as a exae e suemureen, c saoaue oe uennersoocoe uanereeennssoonn,anceuxanonu m neomemr meaoe s anorm o suures,aes,amens,reas, wres, ec. urca eemen,n some emomens,e varae aneuon assemncues auon, aocn rou- aone an recee rveecre.ver, w wac o eoxra emxame,ee mauone asn r oerceovee wcxna aonn oeanen, an or uon, or arosess, aneocn eemens receve wn an oen oer euon.ns exame emomen,e oennne receve n orrou-oen conureo receveeuonerenn su rncues annner recess e recever.n some emome c a waaeuonoes no move reaveo or ane surace aesa rmn os,ee o receenvnerour menrmnczeuees s ar cesasm oneree,e ronusnonea, semoo, uxranon u msee,m were een.a., sunr mcaore su exurreem aesxaasosens anroeus. anoena conacse recever an sae cnom someem eemnaormoenes, szee anuo snaaes o an oueenrn cerrc ruecmesesreonaac suaraeceea nvn a sze enaemeneweeneuon an recever.n some emomens on-movn annner crcumerena surace conureoner ,euonurerncues eocn eemen.n some emom ace we ouer crcumerena surace o concave ane ouer c ens,enner crcumerena surace oeuonsocn eeme rcumerena surace oeocn eemens convex, sucaener ns anuar moveae wen seae wneuon.oreover,ecause oe wnaceeeuweoenn a vesaera comexmaenonar an cuersv we suer macaens,anenoc connac eemeewnee mnaee ou secure crcumerena surace oeocn eemen anenner crcumerena er uon, wc ensures aowerroe oeuon even wenxaon o surace oe n some emomens,euon maave ane uoner o ccurs a exreme anes. reuce or emnaeromnence oeuon reroroxxmmaa su surracaece oase c reacmeveerre.o one or moren sroanmseve ermseo oemnennss,eocn eemenurerncues asarorusonavn xaon memerer conureo receve one or moreoos o aensonae roxma su erou.n some emomens,eocn eemen maave an uer or eonerraocxemaa susr cacaem oeree roec reevuecre. or emnaeromnence oeocn eemen oronssn a usaec, aeoor oorn co ou aeen wsona aessuxeaon memere.., one or moresaoo oron oeensonaexaon me ,one, or oer eemen we aeas one oerransverse oenn.ne or mo mere..,roxmaoooronsooeroue uon aneocn eereree ens oeensonaexaon memerasseweene crcumeren men wn one or moreaeranenaonsorme wne ouer xaon anea o surace oeocn eemen.rorona enn oe consruc,e anor auseoeocn eemen reaveoeuonan recever mae esase memer.n s aesre or omaereeo mananensonneensonaexaonenso ome emomens,e consruc caneneoce weesreensonneennaexaon memer exern aroxmaorcee..,un oneree ens oe xasoonna meemxearoenw meeemnere.uosn cr aenaesoc “nnc eeomnens” w wcn caeuareera annoecnaeonesn wsoneae m emananne esase anor ausexaon ane oeocn eemen.n some xaomens,e consruc caneoce we mananne esase anor ausenerwoena avnne oereeeo ecnsnn e aemnener-rane onees orn m.orenos weree ens or eemen, ann s ao rmecee evmer.ome wnas, oe ex vaamraee aneuon assemncues auon, aocn rou-oene recever, wcor exa,euons receve wn an oenn orocn eemens receve wn a recesme mae an oroecxaonae, ane exame emomen,e oennnesormen aroxma surace oeuon.ns euoneren receverncues annner recess conureo receve weneuonn suc a waaeuons anuar moveae reaveoe recever comrses a concasv seea cercu wmerennae snunrerac reec ceosns.nur seomeo enmeroacmee wns, a cenner recess crcumerena surace oeuon sucaeuons anuar monvex ouer wne recess.oreover,ecause oeneracee oveae wen seae suraces,euon mae secure wne r weenese commenar curve manann conaceweene ouer crcuecess a varaexaon anes we oe recever, wc ens merena surace oeuon anenner recess anes ures aowerroe oeuon even wenxaon occurs a exreme ane. sunr saocmee a emeosmae rnms, oe reec oevenernuroe mrnncmuzees ae c saremsse orne, reouenne, smoo, or memere.., surca suure asassesrou anoena c sonaexaon use, we enan more exremexaon anes. onacse receverurnoneracen w somee em ouoer cmrecnums,ereenuao snurnaccue oes anenoncern cr ecuemmeenren sua surace conure eemenoes no anuar move reaveoeuon.n some emomcaeocn crcumerena surace oeuons conca ane ouer cr ens,ennerocn eemens aso conca w a soea macesecumerena surace oe surace, sucaeocn eemens anuar soe oenner crcumerena emomens,enner crcumerena sac wen seae wneuon.n some eocn eemen ma surace oeuon an ouer crcumerena surace o acae aee enaemaevne ceomweenmenearoc sunra eceem sreunc aunresue.o.,n.ronr aunso env aenn, receessuona saas aen onneer c ourceurm crecruemnaere snuraac seuraavcen o a sezeo an sae comemenaroe sze an enaemeneweeneuon ano cn eemenoacaee non-movn eemenurerncues as cn eemen.n some emomens,eocno receve one or moreoos oa areonsruosnoaneavxnao onne m oerm moerrerearnesvreorsue o.enns conure an sze ann so comne emureoom reences,vee aueaosn ancoruoens o a ceneras oaennorme wne recess revenn anuar movemen oeocn ee rorusonererou we e cenra oenn.n some e men weesarorusonsnsereno ooseoneens wonanexea reocens ms oenm m eo ererm e sen rees o,e roue. cuenno srnan om ocu ee ene mns o o anne o me cr no m snore ,uraeerao a ooewnnasssae maeormeerencuaro aaneene esae..,o e cenra oenn surace oe recever. ne orssue enano aanene sonmee emoemens,e cenra oenn maeorme a an oue ane reave exame,s mancue esmaoe.m.,enosnen o wrscsue n eenaerne suuroance no oree roeccenver e.eme wa o anuar moveae reaveo eac oer ore recever.us, m ns mae aceve rovn auon we oue aneore exremexaon anes eemen w a commenar oue aneroru cenra oenn an aocn er se, a surca maerove son. e no a varae ane consruc xaonv anuaes s,u er. wuons anocn eemensavn severaeren en e.,on aº,eº,meº, o sºurºe,r.º,º,º,º, ec.,o accommoaee nees o camereno s roemuec eem oro emmennas,euon maave an uer orroxma suraceas recever.n some emomense,reomocnennce e oemeen muaonaeveo ann ueerr oorxmroax smuraa scuer oes camereo reuce or emnaeromnence oeocn eem acea surace oe recever. eneoneroxma oronssn a usaec, aeoor oorn co ou aeen wsona aessuxea,oonn me,e omr oerere. e.e,m oenne o wr moere aesaas oonoe oer orrouone.e.,r oannsev oerrs meo oreenronx.maneo oor moorreornese e onse oenseoennasoenaxaeon memersooe eweeneuon aneocn eemen wn one or moreaer xaon memerass wne ouer crcumerena surace oeocn eemen.ranenaonsorme consruc,e ane oeuon reaveoe recever mae esorona enn oe esre or omaereeo mananensonneensonaease anor auseo a emomens,e consruc caneneoce weesrexaon memer.n some xaon memer exern aroxmaorcee..,un oneensonneensonae creaes “ncons” wc caure anoceensona ree ens oe suure.s uon anocn eemen wneaeranenaons weex maon memereweene anor ausexaon ane oeuon reaveoe recever.ananne esase consruc caneoce we mananne esase anor an some emomens,e uon n one or morenos weree ens ornerweavunsexaon ane oeraeesn. eree ensn aner-ocn eemne snom we em aoromruesnosn,, we vacra aoew ansoer euon assemoes noncue a searaeocn oeensonaexaon meme ven more exremexaon anes.nsea, recever, as we exaneeo r occurs vaneraceeweeneuon anencues auon an a re w.n some emomens,e varae aneuon assem rou-oene recever. wa o exame,euons receve wn an oenn or exame emomen,ceveer, wcor exame mae an oroecxaonae.ns euo oennne receverncues annner recess conureo receve wennerenn suc a waaeuons anuar moveae reaveoe recever comrsees au coonncasv seea cercu wmerennae snunrerac reec ceosns.nur seomeo enmeroacmee wns, aenner recess crcumerena surace oeuon sucaeuons anuar m convex ouer wne recess.oreover,ecause oeneraceew oveae wen seae suraces,euon mae secure wne rec eenese commenar curve manann conaceweene ouer crcumeress a varaexaon anes we oe recever, wc ensures ena surace oeuon anenner recess anes.n some aowerroe oeuon even wenxaon occurs a exreme ane surace a emeosmae rnms, oe reec oevenernuroe mrnncmuzees ae c saremsse orne, reouennseon,a smeooxa, oorn m useem, weree. en.a, surnc mao srue euxrere amsexaasseosn anroues. anoena conacse receverurn eomerc sna soemea em aoowmseonrs v,areaue aonnes roxuanonn s anaencour oevsa a, ear ocaa,e orra an osone on eer se o a cenra crossar an aar o oosn oenns wne ouer crcumerena surace.e c aeranenaonsorme oron oeensonaex enra crossar anaera oenns enae a sowneren aon memeroeooe overe crossarurn use. ouessanwo aaseraav one annasr w oaoeurae oaernnns,romeue socno mea oee conscousreure w. more or aaceon or u csoe,u aeor won o a asseunes,oonnae,e orx oaeorn e mememener we.e., a aeassa onoeo ooerons aroxmaoooron oeensonaexaon memerso rorone.., wa oeaera oenns.ne or mor oe aroune cenra crossar eweeneuon ane r eree ens oeensonaexaon memerass ouer cr ecever wne one or moreaeranenaonsorme wne ane ocuemeureonna re saurvaeceo oe reeceuvoenr. marore eosanasee annnor o aues ceonsruc,exaon omaereeo mananensonneensonaexaon me o aesre or e consruc caneneoce weesreen mer.n some emomens, exern aroxmaorcee..,u sonneensonaexaon memer s creaes “ncon n oneree ens oeensonaexaon memer. uon an s” wc caure anoceensonaexaon memereweene aus recever wneaeranenaons we mananne esase anor caneeocxeao wn ane mea onaennuone r eesaaveseo aen reocre averu.sen somxae eomnomens,e consruc n one or morenos weree ens ornerweavner ane oeuon esn. ee ensn aner-rae recever.n s woame o em exaommee,ns,eue voanras re aneuon assemncues auon an a recever, wcor exame m eceve wn an oenn orrou-oene e oennne receverncauese a ann onrnero reececss cxoanonureaeo. rencevse exaemueo enmeoremnenn, s sueace a w wanaeenneur roencesss a.nnu saorme m emoveoamee renas,veeonneer r reecceesvse cr weneuons crcumerena surace conureonerace w omrses a concave uon sucaeuons anu a convex ouer crcumerena surace oe ecause oener ar moveae wen seae wne recess.oreover, secur aceeweenese commenar curve suraces,euon mae crcumee wrenna suer reaccees os a vearuaoen anxaone annneres re wcesse o mane raecnenv conaceweene ouer roe oeuon even wenxaon occurs a e er, wc ensures aower receverurerncues a cam xreme anes.n some emomens,e oenno mnmze ere, roune, smoo, or ane surace aesa rm oe ass e sress oneensonaexaon memere.., surca suure as xaeosn arnoues. anoena conacse receverurn use, we enan more exreme eomerc sna soemea em aoowmseonrs v,areaue aonnes roxuanonn s anaencour oevsa, eca, or an osone on eer se o a cenra crossar an aar aar oaera oenns wne ouer crcumerena surace. o oosnaeranenaonsorme oron oeensonaexa e cenra crossar anaera oenns enae a sowneren asa on memeroeooe overe crossarurn use. ouessanwoavn aar oaera oenns,euon mae conure w more or emomenera oenns wouearnrome scoe oescosure.n some mnmzs,eroxma se oeuon mancue ane suraces or camerso eo oer orro exmmana suer aance ooroen r oeceveer,u wonenae muao onesr owrseenero aru ane aneoen reaeane o recever. veoe aaceon or u csoe,u aeor won o a asseunes,oonnae,e orx oaeorn e mememener we.e., asaoooronsensonaexaon memere.., aroxmaoo aeas one oeroron oe wa oeaera oenns.ne or oronsooe aroune cenra crossar eweeneuon ane r moreree ens oeensonaexaon memerass ouer crcu ecever wne one or moreaeranenaonsorme wne ane oemeureonna re saurvaeceo oe reeceuvoenr. marore eosanasee annnor o aues ceonsor auce,sree oxraon oe cmoansreucre ceano meanneanoceneso wnneeeenssroenaenesoxnanone meemnsoern.an some emomens, exern aroxmaorcee..,un oneree ens oe s exaon memer ons” wc caure anoceensonaexaon meuure.s creaes “nc wneaeranenaons we manann mereweeneuon an recever euon reaveoe recever.n s e esase anor ausexaon ane o mananne esase anoome emomens,e consruc caneoce we nos weree ens ornerrw aeauvsnexearoene e annsen o aeneur-ornaenes onen. or more eemen, ann s ao rmecee evmer.ome wns,e varae aneuon assemncues auon, aocn rou-oene recevea o exame,euons receve wn an oenn orocn eemens recer, wcor exame mae an oroecxaonae, ane emomen,e oennve wn an oenn orrou-oeneuon.ns exame e ne receverncues annner recess conureo receveeuon emreonmne snucs, ae w raecevaeruerueronncoueses no a c maomvee rreea, rvoeunoee, s remcoeover.n some esa rm oe oenno mnmzee sress oneenso , or ane surace a surca suure asassesrou anoena c naexaon memere.., enan more exremexaon anes. onacse receverurn use, we an sae cnom someem eemnaormoenes, szee anuo snaaes o an oueenrn cerrc ruecmesesreona suraceavn a sze enaemeneweeneuon an recever.n some acaee non-movn annner crcumerena surace emomens,euonurerncues eocn eeme conureonerace we ouer crcumerena surace o concave ane onu.ern c srcoumme eemrenoam suernasc,e oenneero ccrcnum eeermenenas su cronace oeuonsocn eemens anuar moveae wen seae wneuon.vex, sucaeneraceeweenese commenar curve s oreover,ecause oe wneuon a varaexaon an uraces,eocn eemen mae secure crcumerena surace oeo es we manann conaceweene ouer uon, wc ensures aowerrcone o eemeenu anon eveenn wnere cnrcxuamoenre onccaur ssu ara ecxer oemee anes. rne suocmee or em emonmaeensro,meneunceon o maeuaveon ane uoner oreroroxxmmaa su surracaece oase c reacmeveerre.o eomerc sna soemea em aoomens,eocn eemens rounn saeor ova, eca, or an osone on eer sew os ao cren varraa creos asnare anxa aoanr a on oncousnes aaearar onaeera oenns wne ouer crcumerena surace.e cenra naonsorme oron oeensonaexaon crossar anaera oenns enae a sowneren memeroeooe overe crossarurn use. ou m asavn aar oaera oenns,eocn eemen mae conure w soomree o ermeossmaennsw,oeaeorca one enenmsen w maouaevea arnn ureorme scoe oescosure.n camereo reuce or emnaeromne orroxma suraceas surace oe recever. nce oeocn eemeneoneroxma aaceon or u csoe,u aeor won o a asseunes,oonnae,e orx oaeorn e mememener we.e., a aeassaooorons aroxmaoooron oeensonaexaon one oerorone.., wa oeaera oenn memersooe aroune cenra crossar eweeneuon aneosc.nne e oerm meonre wreen en onse o or meoreensaoenraaneexnaaoonn memerass wne ouer crcumerena surace oeocn eemen. sorme consruc,exaon ane oeocn eemen re rorona enn oe esase anor auseo aesre aveoeuonan recever mae xaon memer.n or omaereeo mananensonneensonaeensonneenson saomee exmaoon mmeemnsere co enxserrunc c aanroxenmaeoocrceee w..,uenesre ens oeensonaexaon memer.s creaes “nco onereeensonaexaon memereweeneuo ns” wc caure anocenenaons we manannexaon an anocn eemen wneaera e consruc caneo ne oeocn eemen.n some emomens, one or moren ce we manannexaon ane oeocn eemen n esn. os weree ens ornerweavneree ensn aner-rae eem n some emomens,e varae aneuon assemncues auon, aocn rouen, an a recever. wa o exame,euons receve wn an oenn orocn- eoeene recever, wcor exame mae an oroecxaonae, ane exam mens receve wn a recessormen aroxma surace oeuon.ns eueon emeorenmenn s,uce a o weannanee rueceonvesr anncuuaers a mnonvneear reec reessa cvoenouree reco receve weneuons seae wnenner recess.n some emomens,enne ever comrses a concave crcumerena surace conureoner r recess crcumerena surace oeuon sucaeuons anace w a convex ouer wne recess.oreover,ecause oenerac uar moveae wen seae suraces,euon mae secure wne reeweenese commenar curve manann conaceweene ouer crcumeecess a varaexaon anes we oe recever, wc ensures rena surace oeuon anenner recess anes.n some e aowerroe oeuon even wenxaon occurs a exreme an momens,e receverurerncues a camere, roune, smoo, or meme surace aesa rm oe oenno mnmzee sress oneensonaexaon use, weree. en.a, surnc mao srue euxrere amsexaasseosn anroues. anoena conacse receverurnoneracen w somee em ouoermens,euonncues annner crcumerena surace conure eemenoes no anua crcumerena surace oeocn eemen sucaeocn crcumerena surr move reaveoeuon.n some emomens,ennerocn eemenace oeuons conca ane ouer crcumerena surace oe surace, s aso conca w a soea macese soe oenner crcumerena emom suencsaeocn eemens anuar sac wen seae wneuon.n some eocn e,emeennn mear cracvuem coemrenmae snurarace su oracee suruconur aense o.u.e,r crorcruumerena surace o acae aee enaemeneweeneocn eemen anuon.nson an recessa as annner crcumerena suraceavn a sze an sae c an even,euon sae oe ouer crcumerena surace oeocn eeomemenaroe sze an enaemeneweeneuon anocn eemen.n sommenoacaee non-movn ave an uer orroxma suraceas camereo ree emomens,euon ma uoneoneroxma surace oe recever. uce or emnaeromnence oe eomerc sna soemea em aoowmseonrs v,areaoec anne eexmaenons a rnounncnu sesa aeaorr o ova, eca, or an osone on eer se o a cenra crossar an aar o o aera oenns wne ouer crcumerena surace. osnaeranenaonsorme oron oeensonae e cenra crossar anaera oenns enae a sownere xaon memeroeooe overe crossarurn use. ou more oressn aasnawvona aeraar o oenanersa w oeonunse,arenocronm eeem secno me oaee cosncosuurere w some emomens,eocn eemen maave an uer orroxma su .n camereo reuce or emnaeromnence oeocn eeme raceas surace oe recever. neoneroxma aaceon or u csoe,u aeor won o a asseunsonaexaon memere.., asaooorons aroxmaoooron oeenes,onoane,e orx oaeorn e meemmener wsoeo aeea asro ounne oee crenorrao cnroe.., wa oeaera oenns.ne or moreree ens oeensonaex ssar eweeneuon aneocn eemen wn one or morea aon memerass wne ouer crcumerena surace oeocn eranenaonsorme consruc,exaon ane oeuon reav eemen.rorona enn oe auseo aesre or omaereeo eoe recever mae esase anor n some emomens, mananensonneensonaexaon memer.ensonaes cxraeaoens me consruc caneneoce weesreensonne suure. “emnceron esx”e wrnc a caroxurmea anorocece.e.,enusonna oenxearoene m enems oere eeweeneuon anocn eemen wneaeranenaons we mananne esmaosmeen asn,oer c aonussruec cxanaoeno ancee o wee muaonna rneanveeo esae resceeve arn.no some xaon ane oeuon n one or morenos weree ens ornre ause ree ensn aner-raeesn. rweavne eemen, ann s ao rmecee evmomens,e varae aneuon assemncues auon, aocn rou-oene rer. wa o exame,euons receve wn an oenn orocn eemens reecceevveer, w wcn ao rerc eexsasmormee man ae arnox ormao seurcacex oaoneuaeo,n a.nnes exeamueon emeorenmenn s,uce a o weannanee rueceonvesr anncuuaers a mnonvneear reec reessa conureo receve weneuons seae wnenner recess.n some emom veoe recever comrses a concave crcumerena surace ens,enner recess crcumerena surace oeuon conureonerace w a convex ouer wne recess.oreover,e sucaeuons anuar moveae wen seae suraces,euon cause oeneraceeweenese commenar curve manann conac meae secure wne recess a varaexaon anes we oe recever, wc ewnseuernes aeo owueerr crrocume oereneau suorna ecvee on weenuxoan aonn occeurnner recess anes.n some emomens,e receverurerncues a ca s a exreme ane surace aesa rm oe oenno mnmzeemere, roune, smoo, or memere.., surca suure asaasseosn anr sress oneensonaexaon use, we enan more exremex oues. anoena conacse receverurn an sze ann so comne emureoom eennas,eeasusaoen oncueeesns ao cneanrae oxaenonn moermme wne recess xaon memerererou.n some emomens,euonnc er or oerexe oennsosone wne recess on eer se oe ce ues one or moreaera aowassae oeensonaexaon memererernra oenn an conureo avn aar oaera oenns,euon mae conouure. wou sowneren as oenns wouearnrome scoe oescosure. more oressanwoaeraoneracen w somee em ouoer cmrecnums,ereenuao snurnaccue oes anenoncern cr ecuemmeenren sua surace conure eemenoes no anuar move reaveoeuon.n some emomecaeocn crcumerena surace oeuons conca ane ouer crc ns,ennerocn eemens aso conca w a soea macese soumerena surace oe surace, sucaeocn eemens anuar sac e oenner crcumerena emomens,enner crcumerena sura wen seae wneuon.n some eocn eemen maave co ce oeuon an ouer crcumerena surace o acae ae mmenar surace srucurese..,roruson an recessa as annner crecu emnearenemaen sureawceeenavneo ac szne a enem seane a cnomueomne.nnar ano eveen s,ze aenuon s enaaee omene ouewere cenrcumeeureonna an suroaccen o eeemoecn.nn e soemmeen eoacaee non-movn ave an uer orroxma suraceas o came reer momens,euon ma uon eoneroxma surace ceeveor. reuce or emnaeromnence oe eomerc sna soemea em aoowmseonrs v,areaoec anne eexmaenons rounn saeor ova, eca, or an osone on eer se o a cenra cr anncues aar oaera oenns wne ouer crcum ossar an aar o oosnaeranenaonsorme oron oeensonaeerenxaao snur maecme.eroe ceenorao cero ossvearr ane croasesraar ouernnns enae a sowneren asavn aar oaera oenns,eocn eeme use. ou more oressanwoaera oenns wouearnro n mae conure w some emomens,eocn eemen maa me scoe oescosure.n camereo reuce or emnaer ve an uer orroxma suraceas surace oe recever. omnence oeocn eemeneoneroxma aaceon or u csoe,u aeor won o a asseunes,oonnae,e orx oaeorn e mememener we.e., a aeassa onooorons aroxmaoooron oeensonaexaon meme e oerorone.., wa oeaera oenns oeocn rsooe aroune cenra crossar or moreree ens oeens eemen ane cenra oenn oeuon.ne anenasse onaexaon memerassrouaera oenns oeuon o weeneuon aneocn eemen wn one or moreaeranenaons ormee co wnsrunc,e oeuexra corcnu amneree onae suruacoen o reaeveocone e reecmeevner.rorona enn auseo aesre or omaereeo mananenso mae esase anor n some emomens,e consruc c nneensonaexaon memer.ensonaexaon memer exeraneneoce weesreensonne suure.s creaes “ n aroxmaorcee..,un oneree ens oe eweeneu ncons” wc caure anoceensonaexaon memer esase anon anocn eemen wneaeranenaons we mananne emomens,oer c aonussruec cxanaoeno ancee o wee muaonna rneanveeo esae resceeve arn.nor so ameuse rxeea eonns ann ae oneer-ruaoneesnn o.ne or morenos weree ens ornerweavne e receverseosucr seowenr anescreeren as axaonae, soue unersooa receveeuon en mae anevceas caae ororaseen aaeo oreover,e receveerre mna,ncncuune muu noe omenenos aorx uaseo wna meu,ueon v,arrosess, ec. uons anor non varae aneuons anorone screw ae ane emomens,eevce cane use wou so acevexaon.n some recevero anne wuoo a recever memer, or sae anoer wa,e one un m aaxaeonnercaean ore oaeer enemeremnes saurcevace.eevce maeacerec auseo an w aan oe exame,euons anorocn eemensescreeren maeonuna axs oee. o.,en “anu osrareou an-e”o oer o “xae roence anvere a”n me aasounreuenwaee anx a uon uo a maxmum aneas aowae esca consrans oe rs oe wa o exame, weneuons seaene recevern an ecever.onuna axs oeuon aneonuna ax anuar neuraoson,e o anuaoneweenem.s us s oe recever aren anmen, wº euconrorona eeren,eerm “anuar moveae” meansae r enn ma movee..,vo, roae, ec. wnenner recess oe ee revceervoer an an auesoen anuen oar axxas oon aenue wonesre nonez aenreeweeneonuna axs o e crcumerena man surace oeuon anenneor w receses m oanea rnecnev ceorn.aceween oson,emonaru, wnaen aeocn eemens seaeneuon, a an anuar neuran anmen, wº xs oeuon aneonuna axs oeocn eemen are movea o anuaoneweenem.s useeren,eerm “anuar r e” meansaeocn eemenrorona enn ma movee..,vo, aonaee, eecw.e wenenonenunern raec aexsss o oeeuuoonno an an aeounseu annae orxaon ane werees nonzero we manann conaceweene axs oeocn eemen recevn surace oeuon. man surace oeocn eemen ane wc resusnn s aomoea em anouamre rnans,e oeexaweoenn anº aen maºe r wn a raneeweenºoº, sa surace oe recever.n some eaveoeaneene e eweenº anº, emomens,exaon ane mae wn a rane emomens,ex waocn a rnesues man aeo wa annu aa rran raneeeweeweneenº anº anº, wº.n someoa anuar rane o-º. c resusn a manuacurn some emomens,euon,ocn eemen, anor recever mae anum,easrcosme a.n., suae, s ourr ocear mraaeer maas.era,ncunu nomeo meae.., escreses aoowonna emescormoennso.e emomensescreeow,eresenscosure ssue,one,m oro omeren memse ar,e cnosmonrasne:x aauono ans cseommrs cnon aurroexmoaxacsnsue oroneo saacn surace, a crcumerena ouer m surace, a ererou,eu an surace, an aeas one oenn exenn avn an oenn exoennennnere arrosu en an o anenennesro rneaceses sxaon assem a recever recessenn a recevn su urrounne oenn,enner anuar race conureonerace weuon sucaeuons varae mxaovoena ane reesa wveeo maen reacnevner c aonna cconureoe secure wne recess a r reecceevvenr. surace an aeas oneensonaexaoenw meeenmeer onueerra mcann w suracee aunone aneas oneenmsoonameenxason meeemnseornaase axraon assem o emomen, werene a uon an arsooor oxma enoron exennroxmarome ssu on exennsarome recever an conureo mae w xaeo,no anssee,m or o.er memer,ersoooronenn a secon en oeensonae eensonameoxmaeonn asssemeen csomonarsees axarson s aasseemenn o e amrosmseannsce oerw,e wenereenrs ane s seeccoonn ensasn acne seencones ssaeaneennrs a sescaonnce.sanceeweeners an secon ens, , werenme aoemasen onesenseoennasoenaxaeonxa meomn asesremasses or aonu o emeouomne anns recerovuer. , werenme aoemasen onesenseoennsonaexaon assem o an o emomensrou assneweene recevn suraacee oxaeo rnec meevmere arnassees maronu suraeceu oone anu reocne.ver , werenmeoroxmmena ensoereonnso onaeeenxsaonoan aessemxaon o m an o emomensrou ueauneroxmarecon weners en emers conureoe mae w arsssue orone ane oeensonaexaon assems mae w a seconssue,one, or oe sre mcoenm eenr, oereee cnrseaonnaeensxaononn asesemensos xaon memer wc causeseensonaexaon assemo naeoe secon sae, weree secon sa ransonromers sae anrcon aeoeensonaexeason m maenmaneerenw aeennoees rse mceanvnner v suar caocmresson recever ane man surace oeuon we manannex e oe reaveoe recever. aon ane oeuon werenemrooxmmaen eseensonaexaon assem o an o emomensrouaune noron oeensonaexaon memers conureoeue w arsrossxume oarornece aonn wee snecoenr esn en o oeeensenosnaonaeexaxoanon assems mae a seconssue,one, or oer memer,e assems mae w memer wc causes re creanensonneensonaexaon secon sae, weree seecoennso snaaees mxaanoann aessemno ornanes oro mnorreomners saeoe enoron oeensonaexaon memer we ma osneroxma reaveoe recever. nannexaon ane oeuon , werenmeoroxmmena ensoereonnso onaeeenxsaonoan aessemxaon o m aenm oer esm coonmuernesoerou muaee wau anresrossxume oarorneec aonn wee snecoenr esn en o oeeensenosnaonaeexaxoaon assems mae w a seconssue,one, or oer memer,ere c n assems xaon memer wc causeseenson reanensonneensonaeoe secon sae, wer aexaon assemoransonromers sae oron oeen ee secon saes manane nerweavneroxma en reaveoe recseovnear.exaon memer we manannexaon ane oeuon , werenmeonemrweenavns coemenrssoesna aenexraroan asessemn. o an o emomensrou , werenme roecemveenr comsrseese anns oornaoeexcaxoan aosnsemae, a o se acnon o eumoon, omre ansroserosus. , werenmeoumoenn comsrseese anseoansa onee cxaamoner aessemroxm oa a snur oace e.momensrou ssue,one,m oro omeren memesr a, ceonmsornsane: ax sausoenn asssoenmev conureoxssue oroneo comrsn auon an aocn eemen searaeroceenn ars en an roxmaacn surace, asaacn surac meuon,euonavn a roxma recessnc e, a crcumerena ouer man surace, a aeas one oennu exnen an receevrenr souurac,e ceonocurne eoem meane wavne a mocann s euermacen, an conureonerace we recevn surace oeuon a recever e exennererou an annner recess surroun avn an oenn recevn surace conureo ne oenn,enner recessenn a moveae reaveoe recnerace weuon sucaeuons anuar xaon anes we manaenvenr a cnon caocneuwreeenoee s oeucuerre ma wn snureac reec aenss ae v raercaee surace aeas oneensonaexaon memerneracn we su vneas oneensonaexaon memeravn aro sensonevce,e a e susensonevce,e aeas xma enoron exennroxmarom susensonevce an oneensonaexaon memerassnroue ersoooroneornmnn a a secrosno eon coornonu erxeeno mnae wsasrsoume,oen seu,s ore onsoenrevce, meemweeenr,ee r aeceeavsn on seureancsonaexaon memerassnroue susensonevce wereneensonaexaeo on asseemuon c aonmrsee ms aanrs s suraaecee onne aocn eemen eweeners an secon ens an secon s rssance an secon ens aeenn a seconsanceeweeners oron oeen,soen saecoenxasoann mceemenerses csonanurerssance wereneroxma en recon weners en oeenso eoeueauneroxma one ane se naexaon assems mae w arsssue or one, or oer mceomne ern, oeree cernesaonnaeensxoanonn assems mae w a seconssue, eensonaexaon assemoransonromeeenrsso snaaeeoxae soenco mnem saer wc causes secon saes manane va comresson a e, weree memereweene rec nrcon aeoeensonaexaon we manannexeavonn a snureac oe oeeuuono rne aanveeo mae rnece suvrera.ce oeocnn man suramceo omeenocns eeemeennso annaee rxeaceovnn ass sem o emomen, werenenerace w eac oer sucaeocn eemenouersa ncoe o anuearuo mno avree r ceoanveuroeeo uon. e recevnm suoramceen oesueonenss coonnacae, axaon assem o emomen or, weren conca. ne man surace oeocn eemens rou ,m womenseensonaexaon assem o an o emomens ane ouer mearenn suerancneer o receessu oone c roemcervesers co am conrvseexs a ou coenrc cavrceu cmrceuremnearen suraa scuer.ace rou ,m woeremnene recesveer ceonmsornsaesexaon assem o an o emomens rosess. an oroecxaonae, a seconuon, or a rou ,m woeremnenexasone aennseonsa wenxaeon ra ansseem oe owe aenn oº a enmoº.mens rou ,m woeremnenexasone aennseonsa wenxaeon ra ansseem oe owe aenn oº a enmoº.mens rou ,m woeremnenexasone aennseonsa wenxaeon ra ansseem oe owe aenn oº a enmoº.mens ssue,one,m oro omeren memesr a, ceonmsornsanexaon assem conureoxssue oroneo comrsn auon an aocn : a susensonevceenn ars en an roxmaacn surace, asaa ecenme sunr saecea,r aa cercurmomereneau ooun,er meaunon suraavcne a roxma recessncun a recevn surace conureo mae , a aeas one oenn exennererou,eocn weocn eemen, an conureo mae we recevn sur eemenavn a man surace anuar moveae reaveoe ace oeuon sucaeocn eemens recess a varaex uon an conureoe secure wneroxmaocn aon anes we manann conaceweene man surace oe erero eueme ann a annnnee rre rceecvesns su srurrouacne onee oueonn a receveravn an oenn exenn eren sucaeuons no anuar n an conureo receveeuon seae wnenner r moveae reaveoe recever weneuons susensonevce,e aeceeasss o aneeaesns onoenaenesoxnaaoen mxeamoner meamvner aneroracn we exennroxmarome susensonevce,e aea xma enoron assnroue susensonevce s oneensonaexaon memer e susensonevce, anormn arsoooron exennsarom ssue,one, ersoooronenn a secon en conureo mae w susensone ovr oceeer mweemenere, reece avenas s ounreaceen osonaeeuoxna anon memerassnroueocn eemen wereneensonaexaon as e man surace oe sanceeweeners an sec sem comrses ars saeenn ars ers an secon ens,e secoonn ensasn acnee sencones ssaeaneennrs a sescaonnce wsaenrceeneeween rrooxxmmaa enrecoorno wn oe eensonaexaon memers conureoeueaune ssue orone an e snecone erns e on oeeensensonaexaon assem s mae w ars ssue,one, or oer memer,ere creanonaenseoxaon assem s mae w a secon causeseensonaexaon assem oransonnronmeeenrsonaexaon memer wc weree secon saes manane va comresson anrcons a saeeooee secon sae, xaon memereweene recevn ensonaeocn surace o euon an e man surace o e uon. eemen we manann exaon ane o eocn eemen reaveoe nner recessm ooemuenon cosmerseenss ao cnoancaevex carcoun assem o emomen , werene surace o eocn eemen comrses a convex omueerre cnrcaum suerreancea an suraec oeu.er man werenemuoonm ceonmrsess aeeeanss oonnea ceamxaereon arsosxemma s our eamce.omens or , rou ,m woeremnene recesveer ceonmsornsaese anx oaroone asscemxa oon ana oe, a em secoomens rosess. n uon, or a rou ,m woeremnenexasone aennseonsa wenxaeon ra ansseem oe owe aenn oº a enmoº.mens rou ,m woeremnenexasone aennseonsa wenxaeon ra ansseem oe owe aenn oº a enmoº.mens rou ,m woeremnenexasone aennseonsa wenxaeon ra ansseem oe owe aenn oº a enmoº.mens w a reanan o avsan saecesc o eresen scosure w e aarenoose s ene ar reerence numeras are a eaoonne c eoenmuenncso ann w wereen a:ace rawns, weren e assem , acc.orsn aoer ssomece evme voewm oen asn exame o a varae aneuon-suurexaon , accorno. sosm ae s eemcoonam venews o e varae aneuon-suurexaon assem o . assem o..s, a ancc eoxroneo seormseec emveo vemwen ose varae aneuon-suurexaon xaon assem. s, a acceorrsnecvoe s vomewe e om aonomeern exsame o a varae aneuon-suure , accorno. sosm ae s eemcoonam venews o e varae aneuon-suurexaon assem o . assem o..s, a ancc eoxroneo seormseec emveo vemwen ose varae aneuon-suurexaon xaon assem. s, a acceorrsnecvoe s vomewe e om aonomeern exsame o a varae aneuon-suure , accorno. sosm ae s eemcoonam venews o e varae aneuon-suurexaon assem o . assem o..s, a ancc eoxroneo seormseec emveo vemwen ose varae aneuon-suurexaon xaon assem. ,s ac acoerrsnecov seo vmeew em oo anomeenrs exame o a varae aneuon-suure , accorn.o sosm ae s eemcoonam venews o e varae aneuon-suurexaon assem o . assem o..s, a ancc eoxroneo seormseec emveo vemwen ose varae aneuon-suurexaon xaon assem. ,s ac acoerrsnecov seo vmeew em oo anomeenrs exame o a varae aneuon-suure , accorn.o sosm ae s eemcoonam venews o e varae aneuon-suurexaon assem o . assem o..s, a ancc eoxroneo seormseec emveo vemwen ose varae aneuon-suurexaon xaon assem. ,s ac acoerrsnecov seo vmeew em oo anomeenrs exame o a varae aneuon-suure , accorn.o sosm ae s eemcoonam venews o e varae aneuon-suurexaon assem o . assem o..s, a ancc eoxroneo seormseec emveo vemwen ose varae aneuon-suurexaon xaon assem. ,s ac acoerrsnecov seo vmeew em oo anomeenrs exame o a varae aneuon-suure , accorn.o sosm ae s eemcoonam venews o e varae aneuon-suurexaon assem o . assem o..s, a ancc eoxroneo seormseec emveo vemwen os aen varae aneuon-suurexaon suurexaons. asse-m are, seucsroanan v veawrso ous a rxeaceovne arnorem rannear o a varae aneuon- aneuon-suure assem , accorno some emomens.s acevae e varae car, no auseraauvrees em o aon amceunas omeemennveanoonn a arreeeessccrreeneow.neneres o coursee arecaeaneeveomen o an su s seccaon. w omemenaon-seccecsons m c acua emomen, numerous as comance w ssem-reae anusues mneasse-reoa acee cvoensreanesv,e woecrs’ w se vcacoas, sucmemenaono anoer.oreover, we arecaea rrom one m e comex anme-consumn,u wou ne suc aeveomen eor ose o ornar sne aravn vereesse a roune uneranor suurexaon ass eene osscosure.e varae aneuon- eaures an comeomnens ana r weaarrean meaeonsroscecosoen,eorennoavssu aa var aen on conmvennaveon. assemores “cvrareaee arnene areu seovner aasse emomens o a varae aneuon-suurexaon suure assemesoeeoe a morem exr”em ore “ anenseso,n waecx araeo sonm aessemmes n”ecessaa enae e aeceaen anaom.eevcesscoseeren aowore use eensonn aensonaexaon memere.., surca s ro ause aowe oer ssemsan asoo uure a a more exreme aneanoce consruc wee ause ane o rear neeeurn use, anen ouescreerennnseon caoneexx oa aonn moemesse rre unarerecennsoune a,ee v aarausee an anee. uxaono-nsueucrenxuae,o onr a anssenmeroecsnesc sruuereexreano mnaece conureor usen anoe uon-suurexaonecnue re nue. wa o exame,enoess common-owne. erreoerensenera sown anescren roecazaonaeno.,,,ssueeemer, , an ene “noessncororae reeresem”“e ‘ aen”,e enre conens o wcs surca suure, sounce aes un seersoorouaeereenns.onaoeuxa soonw mne amnere mscareeeren as a exe eemen caae oenoce unerenson,ncunu anorm o suures,aes,amens,reas, wres, ec. nomeo surca emomen os.-esucsorsauere a.n enx saommee em o ao vamreanse, ane vearuaoen a ansseemuo accorno onencues auon, aocn eemen, an a recever. wa o en assems receve wn an oenn orrou-oene recever, xame,euon an oroecxaonae, anoeruon, or aros wcor exame mae receve wn an oenn orrou-oeneuesos, aneocn eemens e oenn ne receverncues annner r n.ns exame emomen, erenn suc a waaeuonoes necess conureo receveeuon emomens,e recever o move reaveoe recever.n some aes urerncues a camere, roune, smoo, or ane surace e.., surcaa su rmure oe a osenanssesoro munm anzeoeen sraess o cnonaecesnseon reaceevexaon memer we enan more exremexaon anes. rurn use, sze ann some emomens,euonas an ouer crcumerena suraceavn a movn e snaaee cmoemneemweneeanreoue sonze an an s raecee overe.nnner s roemcees esmoomaceaee non- urerncues annner crcumerena surace con ns,euon crcumerena surace oeocn eemen ureonerace we ouer crcumerena surace oeuons .n some emomens,enner eocn eemens c concave ane ouer crcumerena surace o seae wneuono.nveoxr,e souvcer,eacaueseo ocne eneemraecneewse aennuaerse c momoveameen waren c aunrvees w suraec mesa,neanocnn con eaecmenewee mnae oeu seecru crercu wmerneneauon a varaexaon eemen anenner crcumerena surace oe surace oeocn roe oeuon even wenxaon occur uon, wc ensures aower uon maaveu ano uner oer s a exreme anes.n some emomens,e romnence oe ornoxmear souxrmacae suarasce c oameer reeceov reeruc.e or emnae avn onen or so mmoere emraomens,eocn eemenurerncues asarorusonensonaexaon menmsveerrse oeenrensrou co.nn suormee eom recoevmee onnes, ore moorceono ese om aen maeocaven an e uemeenr orroexomna suerarcoexmaa ssu craacme oereeo re rceeuvceer or e.mnaeromnence o oronsn uss ae,a acoeroon o or c aouenseon wae axsasuoen, moneme, oerr oere. ee., one or moresaoo oeroron oeensonaexaon memere.., men we aeas one roueransverse oenn.ne or morer roxmaoooronsooe asseweeneuon aneocn eee ens oeensonaexaon memer orme wne ouer crcum emen wn one or moreaeranenaons enn oe consruc, erena surace oeocn eemen.rorona an recever mae esexaon ane oeocn eemen reaveoeuonensonneens ase anor auseo aesre or omaereeo manano onaexaon memer.n some emomens,e consruc canene ocrceee w..,uenes oreneensreoen ennsee onsoneaenesoxnaaoen mxeamoner meme erxer.n as crroexma “ncons” wc caure anoceensonaexaon memerewee aes anocn eemen wneaeranenaons we mananne esnaesuon ausexaon ane oeocn eemen.n some emomens,e co e oroce we manannexaon ane oeocn eemen n onnseruc cane weree ens ornerweavneree ensn aner-raees onr. morenos one emomes.n- oeusrsaceo asnur eex.amn soem oe a em varoamee anns,eeu vaorna assee am accorno ncues auon, aocn eemen, an a recever.n weuon assem uon s receve wn an oenn orrou-oe ne receva o exame,e exame mae an oroecxaonae, aneocn eemenesr r, wcor recess ormen aroxma surace oeuon.ns ex eceve wn a oenn ne recever ncues annner recess c ame emomen,e erenn suc a waaeuon s anuar moveonureo receveeuon euon s seae wnenner recess. ae reaveoe recever wen comrses a concave crc n some emomens,enner recess crcu umerena surace conureonerace w a convex ouer wenm seeareen wa sunracee reces ose.uoorneover, sucecausae oeeunoneracese anweueanre mseoveae coxmaonm aennaers w curvee m saunraacnesn, ceonuaconewe menaee o sueceurr ce wne recess a varae uon anenner recess oe receve rcumerena surace oe uon even wenxaon occurs r, wc ensures aowerroe oe urerncue a exreme anes.n some emomens,e recever oe s a camere, roune, smoo, or ane surace aesa rm oe asnnassesroo mun amnzeoeen sraess o cnonaecsenseo rneaceeverxaonu mrenm uesre.., surca suure exremexaon anes. e, we enan more conureno sonmeer eamomens,euon ncues annner crcumerena surace sucaeocce we ouer crcumerena surace oeocn eemen emome n eemen oes no anuar move reaveoeuon.n some crcumerenns,a seurnanceer crcu omeerenocan sur eaecmeen ose asuo coonnca ws con ac sao anee ouer e soe oenner crcumerena surace, sucaeocn a maces sac wen seae wneuon.n some emomens, eemen s anuar surace oeuon an ouer crcumere enner crcumerena maave commenar surace sruc na surace oeocn eemen enaemenewe urese..,roruson an recessaacae aee annner crcueneocn eemen anuon.n an even,euon as s moaven o enea omuemeerre en cnrcauem su weer erneance ea suura oav ncen a s an oze a oceno s nca ene c em eo eem nmenemenar .n soomao ece ema sezee an non- eocn eemen urerncues asaroruson avn one o omens, oenns conureo receve one or more r moreransverse ererou. oos o aensonaexaon memer e recessn so amne s emzeo anme cnos,euon ncues a cenra oenn orme wn ererou were nureo receve aeas aoron oesaroruson roruson snsvenn anuar movemen oeocn eemen weesancues one erenoe cenra oenn .n some emomens,euon cenra oenn or more anae croan oeunrenso aowosasosanee o wenenes roencaesse onx eaoenr m seme oere meareero cuon.ureo wu m soorwen oreersesn aasnawvona aeraa or oenanersa oe wnnosue,aeuon scoe oescosure.n some emomens,e cenr rnrome erencuaro aaneene esae..,onea o oenn maeorme recever. rssue enan surace oe reaveo an soamnee eemnoemens,e cenra oenn maeorme a an oue ane . wa esae..,one orssue enan surace oe receverocn o exame,s mancue emomensn wc neereuon nore exreme eexmaeonn aness a mnauare ac moevveeae reraovveno e aacu ooner ore recever.us, more cenra oenn an aocn eemen w a commenar we oue ane . e no a varae ane consrucer se, a oue aneroruson anocn eemensccommavona seeveera neese surca maerove wuons º,º,º, ec.,o a orenexnavonu ana seusr, ee.on., aº,eºm,e oº, surºerº,.º, c n some emomens,euon maave an uer orroxma suraceas eam receerevero re.ucne s oorm eem emnaoemroemnsn,enceeo ocne euemon eoneroxma surace o suraceas camcee oreeo r reeceuvc en maave an uer orroxma eroxma sura eer or e.mnaeromnence oeocn eemen eon oronsn uss ae,a acoeroon o or c aouenseon wae axsaon memere.., one or moresaoo oerorone.., one or moreroxmaoosoure,onosne, or o oeer eenesmoenna weexa aoenas me omneer xasoono meemeroruasesraenwsveeernse oeeunnon. anne oer mocorenre eee emnens oeensonaeaeranenaons orme wne ouer crcum wn one or more eemen.rorona enn oe consruerena surace oeocn reaveoe recever mae esase ac,exaon ane oeuon mananensonneenso nor auseo aesre or omaereeo eneoce weesrenaenesoxnanon meeemnseorna.enx saomoen e mmemoemrens, eexe cronnsru ac can wroxcm caaourrcee ane..o,cuneen osnoneareee exnason m oemeer suuree.weens creaes “ncons” eemen wneaeranenaons we mananneexauoon anocn reaveoe recever.n some emomens,e co n ane oeuon manannexaon ane oeuon n oense on nrs . mruc caneoce we ornerweavneree ensn aner-rae orenos weree ens one emomes.n- oeusrsaceo asnur eex.am wea o o a v eaxraamee a,nee vauraone as asnem accornos smaroeuon assemes, escre aove exc euon assemncue a searaeocn eemen w aroruso eae assem oes no xaon anes.nsea,ocn n, wc aowor even more exreme eweeneuo oeensonaexaon memer occurs vanerace e v n ane recever, as we exaneeow.n some emomens, exarae aneuon assem ncues auon an a recever. wa o wamceo,r exeamuoen mase r aence orveo wecnx ana oonennae o.rnrous ex-amoee emnoem reencever, oenn ne recever ncues annner recess conureo ,e erenn suc a waaeuon s anuar moveae re receveeuon euon s seae wnenner recess.n s aveoe recever wen comrses a concave crc ome emomens,enner recess cr umerena surace conureonerace w a convex ouer wcumerena surace oeuon sucaeuon s anuar moveae comen smeaeena wr cunrvee s ruerceascses,.euoroeonver, mecaausee o secureeneraceeweenese xaon anes we manann conacewee wne recess a varae uon anenner recess ne ouer crcumerena surace oe uon even wenxaon occur os a eex rerceemvee arnes,. wnc som enesu emreso aomweenrs,roee re oceve urerncues a camere, roune, smoo, or ane surac er oenn o mnmzee sress oneensonaexaon me aesa rm oe asassesrou anoena conacs emere.., surca suure exremexaon anes. e recever urn use, we enan more eomerc sna soemea em aoowmseonrs v,areaue aonnexas roounn ann sncaueeosr a ovaar, o eaeca, or an osone on eer se o a cenra crossar an aar o o ra oenns orme wne ouer crcumerena surace osnaeranenaons oenns enae aoron oeenso .e cenra crossar anaera crossar urn use. ou sownaexaon memeroeooe overe uon mae conureur we. moneren asavn aar oaera oenns,e rome scoe oescos re oressanwoaera oenns wouearn aaceon or u csoe,u aeor won o a asseunes,oonnae,e orx oaeorn e mememener wee a.., asaooorons aroxmaoooron oeensonaexa eas one oerorone.., crossar wa oeaera oenn on memersooe aroune cenra xaon memerassewe s.ne or moreree ens oeensonaeaeranenaons oreneuon ane recever wne one or more rorona ennme wne ouer crcumerena surace oeuon. recever mae e oe consruc,exaon ane oeuon reaveoeensonneensonasaesxaeon an meomr aeruse.no s aomees ermeo or omenmsa,ee croenesoru mca cnananoce weesreensonneensonaexaon memer exern ene orcee..,un oneree ens oeensonaexaon mem aroxma “ncons” wc caure anoceensonaexaon er.s creaes an recever wneaeranenaons we m maemereweeneuon euon reaveoe recever.n some emo nannexaon ane o we manannexaon ane oeuon mens,e consruc caneoce ens ornerweavneree ensn aner-rane onees orn m.orenos weree one emomes.n o-eusscraoseu aren. exam wae o o a ex vaamrae,e ane veuon assem accornos smaroeuon assemes, escre aovarae aneuon assemncue a searaeocn eemen w aro e exceae assem oes no xaon anes.nsea, ruson, wc aowor even more exreme eweeneuon anocne re oceveerenso,n asa wexea exon manemeereow o.ccnur ssom vea enmeroacmeens, e wxeam varea,ee anueonuon ass rseecmeve wnnc aune os aenuno onrrou an- ao reeceverne. rece wvaer o, oencnor examnee r mecaeveer an ornocueesc anxannoenr reacees.sn cson examuree eom reocevmeen,e erenn suc a waaeuon s anuar moveae reaveoe reeuon euon s seae wnenner recess.n some emomen cever wen comrses a concave crcumerena sura s,enner recess crcumerena surac ce conureonerace w a convex ouer wen seae wnee reces oeuon sucaeuon s anuar moveae commenar cu s.oreover,ecause oeneraceeweenese xaon anes wrvee m saunraacnesn, ceonuaconewe menaee o sueceurr cerc wumenrenea re scuerssa a varae uon anenner recess oe recever, wc ensures ao ce oe uon even wenxaon occurs a exreme anes.n s werroe oe urerncues a camere, roune, ome emomens,e recever oenn o mnmzee sress on smoo, or ane surace aesa rm oe asaessesxaroonu eensonaexaon memere.., surca suure exrem an anes.oena conacse recever urn use, we enan more eomerc sna soemea em aoowmseonrs v,areaue aonnexas roounn ann sncaueeor ova, eca, or an osone on eer se o a cenra crossar a s aar oaera oenns orme wne ouer crcumerena s n aar o oosnaeranenaons oenns enae aoron oee urace.e cenra crossar anaera urn use. ou s nsonaexaon memeroeooe overe crossar mae conure w mowneren asavn aar oaera oenns,euon scoe oescos ore oressanwoaera oenns wouearnrome ane sur ure.n some emomens,eroxma se oeuon mancue oeraces or camers o mnmze or emnae anoron oeuon a ma euwosenrorus oereenoen a aen ananee o reaeveoo orer roexcemvaer sura.ce oe recever, wen aaceon or u csoe,u aeor won o a asseunes,oonnae,e orx oaeorn e mememener wee a..,e aas osnae oooeroorroonn ose cernosssonaarexa woan m oemeeraerae. o.,e annrosxma.oone oorr moonrerees eooe aroune cenra xaon memerasseweeneuon ane recevns oeensonaeaeranenaons orme wne ouer crcum er wne one or more rorona enn oe consruc,exaoerena surace oeuon. recever mae esase anor auseon a ane oeuon reaveoeensonneensonaexaon mem esre or omaereeo mananoce weesreen er.n some emomens,e consruc canene aorcee..,un onesreoen ennsee onsonea sueurex.aons m creemaeesr “nc exoernsn” w arcox cmaaureaneraocneenaenosnosnae wxaeo mna mneamnenreeweexnaoen aunoen oe anu reocnever rea wveonee r aenceev oere.uno snome emonme onnes, ore m coornesrnuocs c waneeocreee e wnse m oarnannnexaon ree ensn aner-raeesn. erweavne one emomes.n o-eusscraoe an exame o a varae aneuon assem accorno ncues sure.n some emomens,e varae aneuon assem uon s auon, aocn eemen, an a recever. wa o exame,e exam receve wn an oenn orrou-oe ne recever, wcor o e mae an oroecxaonae, aneocn eemen s receve wn an een rencev oerrrounc-uoees annnnere recuesosn c.onnurse exaom recee evmeoemuenon,e oeenrn n a waaeuon oes no move reaveoe recever.n s enn suc recever urerncues a camere, roune ome emomens,e rm oe oenn o mnmzee sres , smoo, or ane surace aesa suure asasse s oneensonaexaon memere.., surca enan more exremseroxuaon an anoese.na conacse recever urn use, we a sze an sna soem ceo emmeomemneanrs,oeeu son as an ouer crcumerena surace avn non-movn enaemene ze an sae oenner recess oacaee uon urerncues awnenennere crcuumoneren aan su rercaecever co.nn suormee eomnoeramceen ws,ee o curceurm crecruemnaere snuraac seurace oe ouoenocns c eoenmcaevne an.en o suomere emomens,enner oeocn eemen s convex, sucaeocn crcumerena surace moveae wen seae wneuon.oreover,ecau eemen s anuar commenar curve suraces,eoc se oeneraceeweenese varaexaon anes we manannn eemen mae secure wneuon a oeocn eemen a conaceweene ouer crcumerena surace ensures aowerr nenner crcumerena surace oeuon, wc emomens,eoueo one muaonave an ev uen wer oernrxoaxmona o scucruarsce a eaxresm cea amneeres.on some or emnaeromnence oeuon eoneroxma surace oe recever re.uce aneomenrc so smae eemao amoewnss,ore vaorcane a enemeenxaons a rnounncn saeor ova, eca, or oenns osone on eer se o a cenra crossar aues aar oaeranenaons orme wne ouer crcumerena su n aar o oosnaera anaera oenns enae aoron oeens race.e cenra crossar overe crossar urn use. ou sowonaexaon memeroeooe ,eocn eemen mae conure wneren asavn aar oaera oenns wouearnrome scoe oesco more oressanwoaera oenns maave an uer orroxm sure.n some emomens,eocn eemen oeocn eemen eona suerarocexmaa ssu craacme oereeo re rceeuvceer or e.mnaeromnence aaceon or u csoe,u aeor won o a asensonaexaon memere.., asaooorons aroxm sue,one, or oer eemen we aeas one oerorone.., cr aoooron oeensonaexaon memersooe aroune cenra xossar wa oeaera oenns.ne or moreree ens oeensonaeaearaonn meenmaeornsassoremweee wnenueo onuer c arncumeeroecnan su ereamceen o wenoc onen or more eem reenave.oreoruoonnaanenn rece overe cons mruc,exaon ane oeocn eemen o ae esase or auseo aesre or emmoameenrse,eoe m coannsraunce cnansonenneeoceneso wnaeexaesonre meemnseornn.ne soenmseonae exnasoonna meemxearon me emxeerrn. arosx cmreaaeosr “cenec..,ouns”n w onc ceareuere en as oeensonaexaon memereweeneuon anocn eemenno wceaeranenaons we manannexaon ane oeocn eemenn.ne soocmen em eeomemnens,e connsr ounce c oarn moereocnoes w we mearneea ennnse orxaonne arnwe oe ensn aner-raeesn. eavneree one emomes.n o-eusscraoseu arn exame o a varae aneuon assem accorno ncues auo e.n some emomens,e varae aneuon assem uon s recn, aocn eemen, an a recever. wa o exame,e exame maeve wn an oenn orrou-oe ne recever, wcor reces e an oroecxaonae, aneocn eemen s receve wn a oensnornmee rnec aevroerxma snucruacees o anneneur reocness.n cons euxraemoe r eemcevomen,e erenn suc a waaeuon s anuar moveae reaveoeeeuon euon s seae wnenner recess.n some emo recever wen comrses a concave crcumeren mens,enner recess crcumere a surace conureonerace w a convex ouer woen seaena surace oeuon sucaeuon s anuar moveae c wne recess.oreover,ecause oeneraceeweenese xmaonm aennaers w curvee m saunraacnesn, ceonuaconewe menaee o sueceurr cer wne recess a varae uon anenner recess oe receve cumerena surace oe uon even wenxaon occurs r, wc ensures aowerroe oe urerncues a camere, roune, a sm exoorem,e or an anese. snur soamcee em aomeenss,a rem re oceveer o asennassesroo mun amnzeoeen sraess o cnonaecsenseo rneaceeverxaonu mremere.., surca suure exremexaon anes. n use, we enan more conureno some emomens,euon ncues annner crcumerena surace sucaeoncernac eee wmene oueore cs nrcoum aneruenara m suorvaec reeave ooeeocunon eem.enn some e cmrcuommereenns,a seurnanceer crcu omeerenocan sur eaecmeen ose asuo coonnca ws con aca ane ouer e soe oenner crcumerena surace, sucaeo soea maces sac wen seae wneuon.n some emomenscn eemen s anuar surace oeuon an ouer crcumeren ,enner crcumerena maave commenar surace srucur a surace oeocn eemen enaemeneweene ese..,roruson an recessaacae aee annner crcumere ocn eemen anuon.n an even,euon as sae oe o na surace avn a sze an sae comemenaroe sze an mov uer crcumerena surace oeocn eemen oacaee non- euno ennae mmaenaevew aenen ueer ourornoxma an suroaccena eesm cenamer.eno so remeuc eem oromens, romnence oeuon eoneroxma surace oe recever. emnae aneomenrc so smae eemao amoewnss,ore vaorcane a enemeenxaons a rnounncnu sesa aeaorr ova, eca, or oenns osone on eer se o a cenra crossar an aar o o oaeranenaons orme wne ouer crcumerena surace. osnaera anaera oenns enae aoron oeensonae e cenra crossar overe crossar urn use. ou sownere xaon memeroeooe ,eocn eemen mae conure w monr asavn aar oaera oenns wouearnrome scoe oescosur e oressanwoaera oenns maave an uer orroxma s e.n some emomens,eocn eemen oeocn eemen eonuerarocexmaa ssu craacme oereeo re rceeuvceer or e.mnaeromnence aaceon or u csoe,u aeor won o a asseunsonaexaon memere.., asaooorons aroxma e,one, or oer eemen we aeas one oerorone.., cro oooron oeensonaexaon memersooe aroune cenra xssar wa oeaera oenns.ne or moreree ens oeensonaeaearaonn meenmaeornsassoremweee wnenueo onuer c arncumeeroecnan su ereamceen o wenoc one or more eemevneo.e rercoerveorna maenen esa osee con n rea ansruocr, aeusexaoon a anesree o ore oumoanereeo maennaenoceneso wnneeeenssroenaenesoxnanon meeemnseorna.enx saomoe emomens,e consruc can roxmaorcee..,un oneree ens oe suun memer exern a wc caure anoceensonaexaon m re.s creaes “ncons” eemen wneaeranenaons weme meraeweeneuon anocn reaveoe recever.n some emom nannexaon ane oeuon manannexaon ane oeuon ens -ran,e consruc caneoce we ornerweavneree ensn aner e oense onr. morenos weree ens one emomes.n o-eusscraoseu aren. exnam somee o em a voarmaenes a,nee vuon assem accorno ncues auon, aocn eemen, an a recarae aneuon assem uon s receve wn an oenn orrou-oeever. wa o exame,e exame mae an oroecxaonae, aneoc ne recever, wcor recess ormen aroxma surace oe n eemen s receve wn a oenn ne recever ncues annnuon.ns exame emomen,e erenn suc a waaeuon ser recess conureo receveeuon euon s seae wnen anuar moveae reaveoe recever wen comrses ner recess.n some emomens,enner recess crcumere an caon scuarveac cercum oereneau suornace c souncuraeoenueronace ws a an counvex ouer wen seae wne recess.oreover,ecause oe ar moveae commenar curve suraces,euon ma neraceeweenese xaon anes we manann con e secure wne recess a varae uon anenner re aceweene ouer crcumerena surace oe uon even wenxacoesns occur os a eex rerceemvee arnes,. wnc som enesu emreso aomweenrs,roee re oce urerncues a camere, roune, smoo, or ane sura ever oenn o mnmzee sress oneensonaexaon mcee aesa rm oe asassesrou anoena conacse r mere.., surca suure exremexaon anes. ecever urn use, we enan more e recessn so amne s emzeo anme cnons,uereuoon enaencasusaese a o ceneraen oseonnanexaoromne me wmern o orne o ore mroerexaeeraxa ooenn mnesmeroesreonreou w.nn some ree ecmessom oens,euon ncues oenn an conureo aowassae oeens n eer se oe cenra ererou. ou sowneren asavn aar oonaaexaon memer mae conure w more oressanwoaer era oenns,euon scoe oescosure. a oenns wouearnrome conureno sonmeer eamceo wmenes o,ueer curcounmerenncau suersa acnenner o crcuemoecrenna ee sumreace sucaeocn eemen oes no anuar move reaveoeuon.n emomens,enner crcumerena surace oeuon s n some crcumerena surace oeocn eemen s conca ane ouer e soe oenner crcumerena s aso conca w a soea maces sac wen seae wneu urace, sucaeocn eemen s anuar surace oeu on.n some emomens,enner crcumerena maave commenaorn sura acne s ouruecru crerscume.e.,renroaru ssuorna acne rec oesseocn eemen enaemeneweeneocn eemen anuon.n an eaacae aee annner crcumerena surace avn a sze a ven,euon as sae oe ouer crcumerena n sae comemenaroe sze an movn enaemenewe surace oeocn eemen oacaee non- eomuneonnce o maeuavoeeneuon anocn eemen.n some emomens, r n an ueero onrroexmroax smuara scueracae os caem receerevero re.uce or emnae a n some emomens,eocn eemen s rounn saeor ova, eca, or onenenomserc sosaeonea o ano ewsero sr vear oa ae ce annrae crxoassoanr an anncu aes aar oaeranenaons orme wne ouer crcumerena ar o oosnaera anaera oenns enae aoron surace.e cenra crossar overe crossar urn u oeensonaexaon memeroeooe ,eocn eeme se. ou sowneren asavn aar oaera oenns wouearnromne sco mae oe ceonscuoresur we.n m soomree o ermesosmanenws,oaeeroac onen enemsen o meaocanve e anem uener orreoxomna suerarocexmaa ssu craacme oereeo re rceeuvceer or e.mnaeromnence aaceon or u csoe,u aeor won o a asseunes,oonnaeexaon memere.., asaooorons aroxmaoooron oeenson,a ore oxear eoenm meenm were aseoaso oene a orouenrore coenner.., crossar wa oeaera oenns oeocn eemen ane cenra oenn oeuon.ne or moreree ens oeensonaexaona assrouaera oenns oeuon anenasseween memerocn eemen wn one or moreaeranenaons o euon ane crcumerena surace oeocn eemen. rme wne ouer exaon ane oeuon reaveo rorona enn oe consruc, auseo aesre or omaer e recever mae esase anor .n some e eeo mananensonneensonaexaon memerensonaexmaoon mmeemns,ere cons exruecr cnan aeronxmeaocoerce we..,euesnre onensonne e suure.s creaes “ncons” wc caure a eree ens o eweeneuon anocn eeme noceensonaexaon memer manannexaon ane oeuonn r wneaeranenaons we emomens,e consruc can eaveoe recever.n some n one or m.oreno eoce we manannexaon ane oeuonraeesn s weree ens ornerweavneree ensn aner- e receverso,u s,ow,n an,esc,re,erenes acsr aexaeorenn maae,e s aonuevec uenearsoso ca ororaseen aaeo receveeuon,,,,,, eren,aae u nomeo axaonae,uon,rosess, ec.oreove ncun mue oennsor use w mue varae r,e recever mancue anorone screw aneuons anor non varae aneuons use wou a recesvoer ac meemveer,x oaro sna.en a snoomee erm wao,meen resc,eveevce,, canenercaneae eemens sucaeevce maea er anuon mae xaonae or oernermearevce. cerec oneone wou a escre waere on m exaamee a,ueseuoon asn an,e,e..,, “au,sae an anore”o ocr “n eemens, 1 m,easu,re oeweeen re aceovneru,na a,xs,1o,e o,enn, or xaon ane” anrou ao-noeu,,,, uon,,,, uo a maxmum aneas aowaenea axssc oe consrans oe recever. wa o exame, weneuon, a seaene recever,,,, n an anuar neuraos,,, s axs oeuon,,,, aneonuna axs oon,e reeonuna ,1,, aren anmen, wº o anuaoneween2cever,erm “anuar moveae” meansae em.s useeren,e enn ma movee..,vo, roae, ecuon,,,, rorona e recever,,,, o an a.u wnenner recess,,,, o eweeneonuna ax se ane orxaon ane weree ane1oeuon,,s,1o,e recsever,,,, aneonuna axs c2rcumeren nonzero we manann conaceweene ,,a, ma on seur reacceever,,,,,,,, o.euon anenner recess, anuar neumraaro,s woenn,eeooncnu eneam aexns, os seaeneuon,, a an oeocn eemen, aren anme1euon, aneonuna axs e2ren,eerm “an n, wº o anuaoneweenem.s use enn ma moveuaer.., movvoea, roe”a me,e eancs. waneoecnnner e reemceesns,, oroerona o an ause ane orxaon ane weree aneeween uon, oeuon, aneonuna axs oeoc1n eemeonuna axs1we manann conaceweene. man su2en, s nonzero recevn surace, oeuon race oeocn eemen, ane º, wc resnu sosmne a emoao anmeunasr, raneexa oon aenweeen1mºa ane wºn a raneeweenºo ene esa surace oe recever2, as reaveoeane1n some emomens,exaon usrae wa o exame onn.. resusn aoa anuar rane2e anweeen1 mºa ane wº, ans a s roawnnee wwaeen o eºx aanmeº o,n wcn w.c r.esun ssomne a emoao anmuenars, raneexa2oon an-eº,1a ms saowen w wna a r oan exeamewee oennºn an.º,. manuacurne sormome e amno sumaenes s,ureuon,ocn eemen, anor recever mae anum,ascse.., , or ocear mraaeer maas.era,ncunu nomeo meae.., emomenrso,mse asoore aoanrenscaos vuare aneaeescron o ceranreerre emomens ar rous mocaons, aons, an oer aernave emomensseosse wouearnromerue scoe an sr.e r cusse were cosen anescreoroveeesusraon oe orncnares s onerees aernon uvenzeon aennvesnroancnca va arousc eamonoomeenre enae one o mocaons as are sueoearcuar use c s an w varous varaons are wne scoe oe onemae. suc mocaons an cams wennerreen resennvenon aseermne e aeneeua eaccorance weeneo wce arear,ea, an^ne.^

Claims

as cames: . memenseornaexaon assem conureoxssue oroneossue,one, or oer crcum a, c ereuom noanr o cs uonm: errsn aroxmaacn surace, asaacn surace, a euonenn a mras enn su oracee,e annso anaeaes oxnae oone ansn exenn ererou, a receveravn an oenn exenn ererousem surrounn e oenn,enn an annner recess nerace w euon suc aer reecesusoennsn an au raercev mnove sauraece conureo recever an conureoe secure w reaveoe manann c ne recess a varaexaon anes we aeason onaeceneswoeneaneex oaueorn m maemne srurnaecrea acnn we receevnu sounr aance r aencever.. xeaeonns moenmaeerxaas aonr aosxsemma en o coramon e,x wenerenne aeas oneensonae rsoo oron exenn sa r roxma romeuon an a one, or oer memer,ersoooomrone reecenvner a an sec coonn eureo mae w ssue, xaon assem . n o eensonae. comeernsseson aares sxaaeone asnsenm ar os casmance, weewreeeneensonaexaon assem secon saeenn a sec ners an secon ens an sanceenessaneonrsssanacnece.eweeners an secon ens,e secon. xeaeonns moenmaeerxaasseosn asrsoeum e o cuaomn an, w reecreevner.e aeas oneensonae. xeaeonns moenmaeerxaasseosn asrsoem o cam, werene aeas oneensonae surace o e recever anue maenu suorna acne o receeveuron.assn eweene recevn. enesoennasoenaxeaoxna moenm asesrems con o curaemo, weeureenaeuroxma enoron oe weners en oeensonaexaon ass neroxmarecon ane secon en oeenson ems mae w arsssue orone one, or oer memer,ere craeaenxaenosno anssnemeenss moanaee wxa ao senc monemsesue, wc causeseensonaexaon assemoransonrom r secon sae, weree secon saes manan ers saeoe anrcon aeoe en anoess manner va comresson e ensonaexaon memereweene recevn surace o e reuceovne rre aanveeo maen rec seuvrearc.e oeuon we manannexaon ane o. enesoennasonaexaon assem o cam, wereneroxma enoron oe w exaon memers conureoeueauneroxmarecon anene seecorsn en en o oeeenenssoonnaaeexxaaoonn as assesmemss m mae w arsssue orone one, or oer memer,ere cre ae w a seconssue, wc causeseen anensonneensonaexaon memer secon sae, wereseon saecoenx saaoens a mssaemnaneoransnon onreom or meorersn saeoe roxma enoron oeensonaexaon memer we m osne ane oeuon reaveoe recever. anannexaon. enesoennasoenaxeaoxna moenm asesrems con o curaemo, weeureenaeurnoxmearo enoron oe weners en oeensonaexaon assems xmarecon ane secon en oeensonaex mae w arsssue orone one, or oer mem aon assems mae w a seconssue, wc er,ere creanensonneensonaexaon memer secon c sauasee,s weereenseon saecoenx saaoens a mssaemnaneoransneonromers saeoe oron oeensonaexaon memer rweavneroxma en uon reaveoe recever. we manannexaon ane oe. neerenrsaonaesen.xaon assem o cam, werenenerweavn comrses a . oreoenesocnaxaeonxaaone, a ass seemcon ou coanm, or, a wreorsenesse. recever comrses an . caemeenrseonaroxemxaa sounra acsese.m o cam, wereneuon comrses aeas one . memenseornaexaon assem conureoxssue oroneossue,one, or oer a, s cuosmenrssn: eemen searaeonromevceeueonnn, aeruso enna avnn co amrroxsnma aaucon an aocn acn surace, a crcumerena o n surace, asa rec uer man surace, aroxma recessncun a exeenvnn sureraecer cooun,ureeooc mnae e wemeneaovcn eemen, an aeas one oenn nerace w e recevn s n a man surace conureo surroun a rnecevee oreanvnn, ane our nea nnc erne o re ecxesee snu enon nner ae rercoeuvn an sur anacenn ceorn recuerseso rneceervaecre a wn coneuureono suce secauree wuonnse an reuar moveae reaveoe manann conacew cess a varaexaon anes we a eene ouer man surace an e recevn surace e aease oanse oenneseonnsaoneaxeaoxna monem meemrerneracn w e susensonevce, roxma rome susensonevce,e aaevans o aneroexnsmoana eneoxraoonn e mxeemnenr raosmsne sruosuensoen suesvecnes,oneervsceoo anoorrmn arsoo oron exenn sa mae w ssue,one, or oer memer,e aonease onnene ans seocnoane enxa coonn muermeo assn rou e susensonevceeweene recev er e man surace o eocn eemen n surace o euon ansance weerweeneneeensrson aane secxoanon assem comrses ars saeenn ars eweeners an secon ens,e e snecson an ssecaonnce seaneeessnn a secon sance wereneroxma en oron o een aners sance conureoeueaunero sonaexaon memers enesonaexaon assem s maex wma arercsonss wuee onroener asn ene o secoen en o ereens corneaanexeansoonn asnsem s mae w a secon ssue,one, or oer memer, xaon assem oransoneeronmsonaeersx saaoeno meme seer wc causeseensonae saes manane va co con sae, weree secon mem mresson anrcon a eoeensonaexaon n were mewaeneannne receevxna sounr aancee o oeeuuonon an reaeve maone s ruerceacveer o. eocn. eeensonaexaon assem o cam , werene man surace o eocn oemere snuc anae reeceocvnn s euremaceen ooees nuoo ann aurea cron mouvree reoanveeroacee wuo ena.c. ueonensso connacae, axnaone a mssaemn su ora ccae ome, wocerenn eeem reencevs cnon sucara.ce o e. comeernsseson aa coencaxvae conrc ausmsemerena o s cuaramce an, werenenner recess o e recever comrses a convex ouer crcumerena surace.e ouer man surace o euon. oreoenesocnaxaeonxaaone, a ass seemcon ou coanm, or a, wroesreenss.e recever comrses an. raneee onsoenaweeenxºa anon assºe.m o cam , werenexaon anes w ne. raneee onsoenaweeenxºa anon assºe.m o cam, werenexaon anes wne. raneee onsoenaweeenxºa anon assºe.m o cam, werenexaon anes wne. memenseornaexaon assem conureoxssue oroneossue,one, or oer eemen a, s s c euosm areanrss eonn: romevceeueonnn, aeruso enna avnn co amrroxsnma aaucnon s aunra ace,o acnsa raeccenvn sur saucrea,c ae crcumerena ouer man surace, aroxma recessncun a exennerer cooun,ureeooc mnae e wemeneaovcnn a m eeamnen s,u an aeas one oenn we recevn surace oeuo race conureo mae moveae reaveo n sucaeocn eemens anuar a varaexaon aneesu wone a mna cnonannure conoace seecuwreee wneroxma recess ocn eemen ane recevn su ne man surace oe a receveravn an oennr exaceen oneeuon surrounne oenn rerou an annner recess s an conureo receveeuoneren sucaeuon nn neor r aenuar moveae reaveoe recever weneuons seae wne e ae aces ases oanse oenneseonnsaoneaxeaoxna monem meemraervnne aracronxm we susensonevce, roxmarome susensonevc a enoron exenn assnro e,e aeas oneensonaexaon memer rome susuensoen suesvecnes,oneervsceoo anoorrmonne anrsoooron exennsa maae wssue,one, or oer memer,e aeas onene ans seocnoane enxa coonn muermeeor ess mnanro suuracee o suseenosconne evecmeeneweene recevn surace oeuon ansance weerweeneneeensrson aane secxoaon assem comrses ars saeenn ars eweeners an secon ens,ne e snecson an ssecaonnce seaneenn a secon sance wereneroxma en oron essaners sance conureoeuea o eensonaexaon memers ensonaexaon assemuns meareox wma arercsonss wuee onroener asn ene o se eensonaexaon assem s mae w a econ en o ere cr secon ssue,one, or oer memer, xaon asesaemnenosorannsnoneeronsonaexaon memer wc causeseensonae saes manane va comressomn anerrsc soane aoee soeconee sae, weree secon memer wewee menanea rnecnevne suxr nsonaexaon eemen aaocen o anee ouoeno ancne e meamenn s rueraacvee ooeeouconn.. comeernsseson aa coencaxvae conrc ausmsemerena o s cuaramce an, weere ounere mnner recess o euon eemen comrses a convex ouer crcumerena surace.an surace o eocn. caemeenrseonaroxemxaa sounra acsese.m o cam , wereneuon comrses aeas one. oreoenesocnaxaeonxaaone, a ass seemcon ou coanm, or a, wroesreenss.e recever comrses an. raneee onsoenaweeenxºa anon assºe.m o cam , werenexaon anes w ne. raneee onsoenaweeenxºa anon assºe.m o cam , werenexaon anes w ne.reensonaexaon assem o cam , werenexaon anes w ne ^ane o eweenº an º.

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