Method and apparatus for monitoring sparking of RF filter in transmitter circuit
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2023/089085
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-04-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-12
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Figure CN2023089085_12062025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MONITORING SPARKING OF RF FILTER IN TRANSMITTER CIRCUITFIELD
[0001] Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of communication technology, and more particularly, to a method and an apparatus for monitoring sparking of an RF filter in a transmitter circuit.BACKGROUND
[0002] Radiofrequency (RF) filters are widely used in transmitter circuits of a wireless communication system to perform filtering on signals to be transmitted by antennas of the transmitter circuits. During an operation of an RF filter of a transmitter circuit, sparking may undesirably occur in the RF filter in some cases. The sparking phenomenon of the RF filter is generally triggered by an electromagnetic field resonance at a high-power level. Such an electromagnetic field resonance can cause an ionization effect accompanied with explosive electron emission which will generate a visible light in the RF filter. If the sparking phenomenon persists in the RF filter for a period of time, breakdown may occur in the filter, such that an inner surface of the filter is damaged, and the interior of the filter is contaminated with impurities. In this case, a power handling capability of the RF filter will be decreased, and an insertion loss of the filter will be increased. In addition, the breakdown not only cause permanent damage to hardware components of the RF filter, but also dramatically impact RF characteristics of the filter, such as waveform and impedance. Therefore, the breakdown of the RF filter is a destructive event, such that the filter will need to be replaced.
[0003] Accordingly, there is a need for a solution for protecting the RF filter from the sparking phenomenon.
[0004] SUMMARY
[0005] Example embodiments of the present disclosure provide solutions for monitoring sparking of an RF filter in a transmitter circuit so as to protect the RF filter from the sparking phenomenon.
[0006] In a first aspect of the present disclosure, it is provided a method for monitoring sparking of an RF filter in a transmitter circuit. The method comprises: determining a first power of a first signal associated with an input signal of the RF filter and a second power of a second signal associated with an output signal of the RF filter; comparing a difference between the first power and the second power with a predetermined offset; and generating, in response to the difference exceeding the predetermined offset, a triggering signal configured to trigger transmit power backoff of the transmitter circuit.
[0007] In some embodiments, the first signal is coupled with the input signal of the RF filter via a first coupler; and the second signal is coupled with the output signal of the RF filter via a second coupler.
[0008] In some embodiments, the first signal is a coupling feedback signal of the input signal of the RF filter, and the second signal is a coupling feedback signal of the output signal of the RF filter.
[0009] In some embodiments, the transmitter circuit comprises: a feedback circuit configured to provide a feedback signal to a digital predistortion unit of the transmitter circuit based on an output signal of a power amplifier of the transmitter circuit, wherein the output signal of the power amplifier is used as the input signal of the RF filter, and wherein the first coupler is a part of the feedback circuit, and the feedback signal is generated by the feedback circuit based on the first signal.
[0010] In some embodiments, the transmitter circuit comprises: a measuring circuit configured to measure Voltage Standing Wave Ratio, VSWR, of an antenna of the transmitter circuit, wherein the output signal of the RF filter is used as an input signal of the antenna, and wherein the second coupler is a part of the measuring circuit, and the VSWR is determined by the measuring circuit based on the second signal.
[0011] In some embodiments, the first power and the second power are determined by: measuring, by a dual channel power detector, the first power and the second power in the analog domain.
[0012] In some embodiments, the difference is compared with the predetermined offset by a comparison unit, and the triggering signal is generated by a control unit, and wherein the dual channel power detector, the comparison unit, and the control unit are implemented in a microcontroller unit of the transmitter circuit.
[0013] In some embodiments, the first power and the second power are determined by: down converting, by a dual channel RF receiver, the first signal and the second signal; converting, by a dual channel analog-digital converter, the down-converted first signal to a first digital signal and the down-converted second signal to a second digital signal; and determining, by a digital signal processor, the first power based on the first digital signal and the second power based on the second digital signal in the digital domain.
[0014] In some embodiments, the transmitter circuit comprises: a feedback circuit configured to provide a feedback signal to a digital predistortion unit of the transmitter circuit based on an output signal of a power amplifier of the transmitter circuit, wherein the output signal of the power amplifier is used as the input signal of the RF filter; and a measuring circuit configured to measure Voltage Standing Wave Ratio, VSWR, of an antenna of the transmitter circuit, wherein the output signal of the RF filter is used as an input signal of the antenna, wherein the dual channel RF receiver is shared by the feedback circuit and the measuring circuit, the feedback signal is generated by the feedback circuit based on the first signal, and the VSWR is determined by the measuring circuit based on the second signal.
[0015] In some embodiments, the difference is compared with the predetermined offset by a comparison unit, and the triggering signal is generated by a control unit, and wherein the digital signal processor, the comparison unit, and the control unit are implemented in a microcontroller unit of the transmitter circuit.
[0016] In some embodiments, the predetermined offset is 5dB.
[0017] In a second aspect of the present disclosure, it is provided an apparatus for monitoring sparking of an RF filter in a transmitter circuit. The apparatus comprises: a power determination unit configured to determine a first power of a first signal associated with an input signal of the RF filter and a second power of a second signal associated with an output signal of the RF filter; a comparison unit configured to compare a difference between the first power and the second power with a predetermined offset; and a control unit configured to generate, in response to the difference exceeding the predetermined offset, a triggering signal configured to trigger transmit power backoff of the transmitter circuit.
[0018] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises: a first coupler configured to generate the first signal through coupling with the input signal of the RF filter; and a second coupler configured to generate the second signal through coupling with the output signal of the RF filter.
[0019] In some embodiments, the first signal is a coupling feedback signal of the input signal of the RF filter, and the second signal is a coupling feedback signal of the output signal of the RF filter.
[0020] In some embodiments, the transmitter circuit comprises: a feedback circuit configured to provide a feedback signal to a digital predistortion unit of the transmitter circuit based on an output signal of a power amplifier of the transmitter circuit, wherein the output signal of the power amplifier is used as the input signal of the RF filter, and wherein the first coupler is a part of the feedback circuit, and the feedback signal is generated by the feedback circuit based on the first signal.
[0021] In some embodiments, the transmitter circuit comprises: a measuring circuit configured to measure Voltage Standing Wave Ratio, VSWR, of an antenna of the transmitter circuit, wherein the output signal of the RF filter is used as an input signal of the antenna, and wherein the second coupler is a part of the measuring circuit, and the VSWR is determined by the measuring circuit based on the second signal.
[0022] In some embodiments, the power determination unit comprises: a dual channel power detector configured to measure the first power and the second power in the analog domain.
[0023] In some embodiments, the dual channel power detector, the comparison unit, and the control unit are implemented in a microcontroller unit of the transmitter circuit.
[0024] In some embodiments, the power determination unit comprises: a dual channel RF receiver configured to down convert the first signal and the second signal; a dual channel analog-digital converter configured to convert the down-converted first signal to a first digital signal and the down-converted second signal to a second digital signal; and a digital signal processor configured to determine the first power based on the first digital signal and the second power based on the second digital signal in the digital domain.
[0025] In some embodiments, the transmitter circuit comprises: a feedback circuit configured to provide a feedback signal to a digital predistortion unit of the transmitter circuit based on an output signal of a power amplifier of the transmitter circuit, wherein the output signal of the power amplifier is used as the input signal of the RF filter; and a measuring circuit configured to measure Voltage Standing Wave Ratio, VSWR, of an antenna of the transmitter circuit, wherein the output signal of the RF filter is used as an input signal of the antenna, wherein the dual channel RF receiver is shared by the feedback circuit and the measuring circuit, the feedback signal is generated by the feedback circuit based on the first signal, and the VSWR is determined by the measuring circuit based on the second signal.
[0026] In some embodiments, the digital signal processor, the comparison unit, and the control unit are implemented in a microcontroller unit of the transmitter circuit.
[0027] In some embodiments, the predetermined offset is 5dB.
[0028] In a third aspect of the present disclosure, it is provided a transmitter circuit. The transmitter circuit comprises the apparatus according to the second aspect of the present disclosure.
[0029] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, some components of the feedback circuit and the measuring circuit of the transmitter circuit are reused in the apparatus for monitoring the sparking. Thus, the monitoring of the sparking can be achieved in a cost-effective manner. In addition, through monitoring the sparking based on the filter input power and the filter output power, the sparking occurring in the RF filter can be quickly and reliably detected, and the transmit power backoff triggered upon detecting the sparking will prevent the RF filter from the breakdown.DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0030] Through the following detailed descriptions with reference to the accompanying drawings, the above and other objectives, features and advantages of the example embodiments disclosed herein will become more comprehensible. In the drawings, several example embodiments disclosed herein will be illustrated in an example and in a non-limiting manner, wherein:
[0031] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a transmitter circuit in which embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;
[0032] Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of another transmitter circuit in which embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;
[0033] Fig. 3 is a flow diagram of a method for monitoring sparking of an RF filter in a transmitter circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0034] Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for monitoring sparking of an RF filter in a transmitter circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0035] Fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for monitoring sparking of an RF filter in a transmitter circuit according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; and
[0036] Fig. 6 is a graph illustrating an amplitude of an output power of an RF filter when the sparking occurs in the RF filter.
[0037] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference symbols are used to indicate the same or similar elements.
[0038] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMETNS
[0039] Principles of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to several example embodiments shown in the drawings. Though example embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated in the drawings, it is to be understood that the embodiments are described only to facilitate those skilled in the art in better understanding and thereby achieving the present disclosure, rather than to limit the scope of the disclosure in any manner.
[0040] The term “comprises” or “includes” and its variants are to be read as open terms that mean “includes, but is not limited to. ” The term “or” is to be read as “and / or” unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term “based on” is to be read as “based at least in part on. ” The term “being operable to” is to mean a function, an action, a motion or a state can be achieved by an operation induced by a user or an external mechanism. The term “one embodiment” and “an embodiment” are to be read as “at least one embodiment. ” The term “another embodiment” is to be read as “at least one other embodiment. ” The terms “first, ” “second, ” and the like may refer to different or same objects. Other definitions, explicit and implicit, may be included below. A definition of a term is consistent throughout the description unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
[0041] As described above, during an operation of the RF filter, sparking may undesirably occur in the filter in some cases. Generally, power, temperature and air pressure are main factors causing the breakdown of the RF filter. The higher is the RF power, the higher is the temperature, and the lower is the air pressure, the easier it is to trigger the sparking phenomenon of the RF filter.
[0042] To prevent the sparking phenomenon of the RF filter, an approach is to increase the power handling capacity of the filter, which will, however, inevitably lead to increase of weight, volume, and cost of the filter.
[0043] 5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology (5G) network, marked with high capacity, high throughput, and low latency, is currently rolling out in the world. An increasing demand of bandwidth and power in the 5G network has given stringent requirements on the RF filter design. For example, a cavity filter will need to limit its power capacity for the reason of filter size, cost and performance. However, the increased radio TX power pushes the power capacity of the filter to a boundary of filter breakdown. Thus, it is necessary to detect the sparking phenomenon of the filter and protect the filter from the breakdown.
[0044] To detect the sparking phenomenon of the filter, an approach is to arrange a plurality of sensors, such as a temperature sensor and an air pressure sensor, in the transmitter circuit to detect operating conditions of the RF filter. However, the use of the sensors will significantly increase the hardware cost of the transmitter circuit. Moreover, in addition to the power, temperature and air pressure, there may be some other factors which potentially have an impact on the sparking phenomenon of the RF filter. For example, high humidity around the RF filter will probably result in the sparking of the filter. If a humidity sensor is not provided to sense the humidity around the RF filter, the sparking of the RF filter will probably not be detected. In addition, a return loss may be measured so as to be used as a determination criterion of the sparking. However, a latency introduced by the return loss measurement is generally in the range of several seconds. The sparking persisting for several seconds can make permanent damage on the RF filter. In some cases, the sparking light may be detected by using optical devices. However, the optical devices are complex in structure and expensive.
[0045] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution for monitoring sparking of an RF filter in a transmitter circuit so as to protect the RF filter from the sparking phenomenon. In this solution, a first power related to a filter input port is compared with a second power related to a filter output port, and if the second power is significantly lower than the first power, the transmit power backoff of the transmitter circuit will be triggered. In this way, the sparking occurring in the RF filter can be quickly and reliably detected, and the transmit power backoff triggered upon detecting the sparking will prevent the RF filter from the breakdown.
[0046] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a transmitter circuit in which embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. As shown, the transmitter circuit generally includes a transceiver integrated circuit (IC) 50, a power amplifier 53, a circulator 55, an RF filter 100, and an antenna 54. A transmit signal to be transmitted by the transmitter circuit is provided to the power amplifier 53 from the transceiver IC 50. After being amplified by the power amplifier 53, the transmit signal is provided to the RF filter 100 via the circulator 55. The RF filter 100 then performs filtering on the transmit signal and provides the filtered signal to the antenna 54 for transmission.
[0047] The power amplifier 53 is not a perfect linear amplifier and thus will introduce inter-modulation distortion. To compensate for the non-linearity of the power amplifier 53, a digital predistortion (DPD) unit is integrated in the transceiver IC 50. The DPD unit applies predistortion opposite to the non-linear distortion of the power amplifier 53, such that the transmit signal of the power amplifier 53 may be deemed as being linearly amplified.
[0048] Since the non-linearity of the power amplifier 53 is changed with its temperature and signal power level, a real-time feedback from the power amplifier 53 is needed so as to adjust the DPD algorithm. In an embodiment, the transmitter circuit may include a feedback circuit configured to provide a feedback signal to the DPD unit based on an output signal of the power amplifier 53. As shown in Fig. 1, the feedback circuit includes a first coupler 51 coupled to an output port of the power amplifier 53 and configured to generate a coupling signal Tor based on the output signal of the power amplifier 53. The feedback circuit further includes a receiver and an analog-to-digital convertor (ADC) so as to convert the coupling signal Tor into a digital signal. The receiver and the ADC can be integrated in the transceiver IC 50. The DPD unit compares the feedbacked digital signal with the transmit signal and makes adjustments to the DPD algorithm based on the comparison so as to better fit for the operating condition of the power amplifier 53. Depending on the type of the power amplifier 53, the update rate for the DPD algorithm is normally in a range of 1~10 milliseconds.
[0049] In an embodiment, the transmitter circuit further includes a measuring circuit configured to measure Voltage Standing Wave Ratio, VSWR, of the antenna 54 in the digital domain. As shown in Fig. 1, the measuring circuit includes a second coupler 52 coupled with an output port of the RF filter 100. The second coupler 52 is a dual direction coupler configured to generate a forward direction signal Fwd and a reverse direction signal Rev based on the output signal of the RF filter 100. The receiver and the ADC integrated in the transceiver IC 50 can be shared by the measuring circuit and the feedback circuit. Upon being used by the measuring circuit, the receiver and the ADC may convert the forward direction signal Fwd and the reverse direction signal Rev into digital signals. A digital signal processor (DSP) can be used to measure the signal power level in the digital domain. Then, the VSWR can be calculated by using the signal power measurement in the DSP.
[0050] Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of another transmitter circuit in which embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. The transmitter circuit as shown in Fig. 2 is similar to the transmitter circuit as shown in Fig. 1 in structure, except that the measuring circuit is configured to measure the VSWR of the antenna 54 in the analog domain. As shown in Fig. 2, the second coupler 52 is coupled with the output port of the RF filter 100 to provide the forward direction signal Fwd and the reverse direction signal Rev based on the output signal of the RF filter 100. The measuring circuit further includes a power detector 56 coupled to the second coupler 52 to receive the forward direction signal Fwd and the reverse direction signal Rev. The power detector 56 can measure the signal power level of the forward direction signal Fwd and the reverse direction signal Rev and output the signal power level as analog signals to the DSP via an ADC. Then, the VSWR can be calculated in the DSP by using the signal power level.
[0051] The measuring circuit may keep calculating the VSWR by capturing the forward direction signal Fwd and the reverse direction signal Rev. The update rate for the VSWR may be in a range of 5~10s.
[0052] Fig. 3 is a flow diagram of a method 300 for monitoring sparking of an RF filter in a transmitter circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for monitoring sparking of an RF filter in a transmitter circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for monitoring sparking of an RF filter in a transmitter circuit according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. The method 300 may be performed by the apparatus as shown in Figs. 4 and 5 to monitor the sparking of the RF filter 100.
[0053] As shown in Fig. 3, at block 310, a first power of a first signal associated with an input signal of the RF filter 100 and a second power of a second signal associated with an output signal of the RF filter 100 are determined. The determination of the first power and the second power may be performed by a power determination unit 20 as shown in Figs. 4 and 5.
[0054] In an embodiment, the first signal is a coupling feedback signal of the input signal of the RF filter 100, and the second signal is a coupling feedback signal of the output signal of the RF filter 100. For example, returning to Figs. 1 and 2, the coupling signal Tor provided by the first coupler 51 may be used as the first signal and the forward direction signal Fwd provided by the second coupler 52 may be used as the second signal. The first coupler 51 is a part of the feedback circuit and coupled to the output port of the power amplifier 53. The output signal of the power amplifier 53 is used as the input signal of the RF filter 100. The feedback signal is generated by the feedback circuit based on the coupling signal Tor, i.e., the first signal. In addition, the second coupler 52 is a part of the measuring circuit and coupled to the output port of the RF filter 100. The output signal of the RF filter 100 is used as an input signal of the antenna 54. The VSWR is determined by the measuring circuit based on the forward direction signal Fwd, i.e., the second signal.
[0055] In an embodiment, as shown in Fig. 4, the first power and the second power are determined by: measuring, by a dual channel power detector 201, the first power and the second power in the analog domain. The coupling signal Tor provided by the first coupler 51 and the forward direction signal Fwd provided by the second coupler 52 are input into the dual channel power detector 201. The dual channel power detector 201 then measures the first power of the coupling signal Tor and the second power of the forward direction signal Fwd in the analog domain. In this way, the first power and the second power can be obtained in the analog domain.
[0056] In an embodiment, as shown in Fig. 5, the first power and the second power are determined by: down converting, by a dual channel RF receiver 202, the first signal and the second signal; converting, by a dual channel analog-digital converter 203, the down-converted first signal to a first digital signal and the down-converted second signal to a second digital signal; and determining, by a digital signal processor 204, the first power based on the first digital signal and the second power based on the second digital signal in the digital domain. In this way, the first power and the second power can be obtained in the digital domain. Referring to Fig. 1, the dual channel RF receiver 202 may be a receiver integrated in the transceiver IC 50 and shared by the measuring circuit and the feedback circuit. The reuse of the dual channel RF receiver 202 will add less hardware cost to the transmitter circuit.
[0057] Alternatively, in some embodiments, the first coupler 51 may be arranged outside the feedback circuit. The first signal is coupled with the input signal of the RF filter 100 via the first coupler 51.
[0058] Alternatively, in some embodiments, the second coupler 52 may be arranged outside the measuring circuit. The second signal is coupled with the output signal of the RF filter 100 via the second coupler 52.
[0059] Returning to Fig. 3, at block 320, a difference between the first power and the second power is compared with a predetermined offset. The comparison may be performed by a comparison unit 30 as shown in Figs. 4 and 5.
[0060] When the RF filter 100 operates in a normal condition, the difference between the first power and the second power will be normally lower than the predetermined offset. In this case, the comparison unit 30 may output a comparison signal with a low level. When the sparking occurs in the RF filter 100, the difference between the first power and the second power will be higher than the predetermined offset. In this case, the comparison unit 30 may output a comparison signal with a high level. With reference to Figs. 4 and 5, the difference between the first power and the second power can be obtained by the comparison unit 30 and compared with the predetermined offset.
[0061] In an embodiment, the predetermined offset is 5dB. In other embodiments, the predetermined offset may be lower or higher than 5dB.
[0062] Returning to Fig. 3, at block 330, in response to the difference exceeding the predetermined offset, a triggering signal is generated so as to trigger transmit power backoff of the transmitter circuit. The generation of the triggering signal may be performed by a control unit 40 as shown in Figs. 4 and 5.
[0063] The control unit 40 receives the comparison signal from the comparison unit 30 and determine whether the difference exceeds the predetermined offset based on the comparison signal. If the difference between the first power and the second power is higher than the predetermined offset, the transmit power backoff of the transmitter circuit will be triggered, such that the RF filter 100 enters the normal condition again, preventing the sparking from persisting for a long period of time. At this time, the comparison signal output by the comparison unit 30 will have the low level again. In this way, the sparking of the RF filter 100 can be quickly and reliably detected, and the transmit power backoff triggered upon detecting the sparking will prevent the RF filter 100 from the breakdown.
[0064] In some embodiments, the dual channel power detector 201, the comparison unit 30, and the control unit 40 as shown in Fig. 4 are implemented in a microcontroller unit of the transmitter circuit. With these embodiments, the dual channel power detector 201, the comparison unit 30, and the control unit 40 may be implemented in a software manner and the hardware components of the transmitter circuit need no amendments. In other embodiments, the dual channel power detector 201, the comparison unit 30, and the control unit 40 may be implemented in a hardware manner. The scope of the present disclosure is not intended to be limited in this respect.
[0065] In some embodiments, the digital signal processor 204, the comparison unit 30, and the control unit 40 as shown in Fig. 5 are implemented in a microcontroller unit of the transmitter circuit. With these embodiments, the digital signal processor 204, the comparison unit 30, and the control unit 40 may be implemented in a software manner and the hardware components of the transmitter circuit need no amendments. In other embodiments, the digital signal processor 204, the comparison unit 30, and the control unit 40 may be implemented in a hardware manner. The scope of the present disclosure is not intended to be limited in this respect.
[0066] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the difference between the first power and the second power is compared with the predetermined offset, and if the second power is significantly lower than the first power, the transmit power backoff of the transmitter circuit will be triggered. Fig. 6 is a graph illustrating an amplitude of an output power of an RF filter when the sparking occurs in the RF filter. As shown, when the sparking occurs in the RF filter, the power is significantly reduced. In this case, the transmit power backoff will be triggered.
[0067] Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide an apparatus for monitoring sparking of an RF filter 100 in a transmitter circuit. As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the apparatus comprising: a power determination unit 20 configured to determine a first power of a first signal associated with an input signal of the RF filter 100 and a second power of a second signal associated with an output signal of the RF filter 100; a comparison unit 30 configured to compare a difference between the first power and the second power with a predetermined offset; and a control unit 40 configured to generate, in response to the difference exceeding the predetermined offset, a triggering signal configured to trigger transmit power backoff of the transmitter circuit.
[0068] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises: a first coupler 51 configured to generate the first signal through coupling with the input signal of the RF filter 100; and a second coupler 52 configured to generate the second signal through coupling with the output signal of the RF filter 100. The first coupler 51 may be a part of the feedback circuit described above with reference to Figs. 1 and 2. The first coupler 51 may also be arranged outside the feedback circuit. The second coupler 52 may be a part of the measuring circuit described above with reference to Figs. 1 and 2. The second coupler 52 may also be arranged outside the measuring circuit.
[0069] In some embodiments, the first signal is a coupling feedback signal of the input signal of the RF filter 100, and the second signal is a coupling feedback signal of the output signal of the RF filter 100. For example, returning to Figs. 1 and 2, the coupling signal Tor provided by the first coupler 51 may be used as the first signal and the forward direction signal Fwd provided by the second coupler 52 may be used as the second signal.
[0070] In some embodiments, the transmitter circuit comprises: a feedback circuit configured to provide a feedback signal to a digital predistortion unit of the transmitter circuit based on an output signal of a power amplifier 53 of the transmitter circuit, wherein the output signal of the power amplifier 53 is used as the input signal of the RF filter 100, and wherein the first coupler 51 is a part of the feedback circuit, and the feedback signal is generated by the feedback circuit based on the first signal.
[0071] In some embodiments, the transmitter circuit comprises: a measuring circuit configured to measure Voltage Standing Wave Ratio, VSWR, of an antenna 54 of the transmitter circuit, wherein the output signal of the RF filter 100 is used as an input signal of the antenna 54, and wherein the second coupler 52 is a part of the measuring circuit, and the VSWR is determined by the measuring circuit based on the second signal.
[0072] In some embodiments, as shown in Fig. 4, the power determination unit 20 comprises: a dual channel power detector 201 configured to measure the first power and the second power in the analog domain.
[0073] In some embodiments, the dual channel power detector 201, the comparison unit 30, and the control unit 40 are implemented in a microcontroller unit of the transmitter circuit.
[0074] In some embodiments, as shown in Fig. 5, the power determination unit 20 comprises: a dual channel RF receiver 202 configured to down convert the first signal and the second signal; a dual channel analog-digital converter 203 configured to convert the down-converted first signal to a first digital signal and the down-converted second signal to a second digital signal; and a digital signal processor 204 configured to determine the first power based on the first digital signal and the second power based on the second digital signal in the digital domain.
[0075] In some embodiments, the transmitter circuit comprises: a feedback circuit configured to provide a feedback signal to a digital predistortion unit of the transmitter circuit based on an output signal of a power amplifier 53 of the transmitter circuit, wherein the output signal of the power amplifier 53 is used as the input signal of the RF filter 100; and a measuring circuit configured to measure Voltage Standing Wave Ratio, VSWR, of an antenna 54 of the transmitter circuit, wherein the output signal of the RF filter 100 is used as an input signal of the antenna 54, wherein the dual channel RF receiver 202 is shared by the feedback circuit and the measuring circuit, the feedback signal is generated by the feedback circuit based on the first signal, and the VSWR is determined by the measuring circuit based on the second signal.
[0076] In some embodiments, the digital signal processor 204, the comparison unit 30, and the control unit 40 are implemented in a microcontroller unit of the transmitter circuit.
[0077] In some embodiments, the predetermined offset is 5dB. Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a transmitter circuit comprising the apparatus described above.
[0078] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, some components of the feedback circuit and the measuring circuit of the transmitter circuit are reused in the apparatus for monitoring the sparking. Thus, the monitoring of the sparking can be achieved in a cost-effective manner. In addition, through monitoring the sparking based on the filter input power and the filter output power, the sparking occurring in the RF filter can be quickly and reliably detected, and the transmit power backoff triggered upon detecting the sparking will prevent the RF filter from the breakdown.
[0079] It should be appreciated that the above detailed embodiments of the present disclosure are only to exemplify or explain principles of the present disclosure and not to limit the present disclosure. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent alternatives and improvement, etc. without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure shall be included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Meanwhile, appended claims of the present disclosure aim to cover all the variations and modifications falling under the scope and boundary of the claims or equivalents of the scope and boundary.
Claims
1.A method for monitoring sparking of an RF filter (100) in a transmitter circuit, comprising:determining a first power of a first signal associated with an input signal of the RF filter (100) and a second power of a second signal associated with an output signal of the RF filter (100) ;comparing a difference between the first power and the second power with a predetermined offset; andgenerating, in response to the difference exceeding the predetermined offset, a triggering signal configured to trigger transmit power backoff of the transmitter circuit.2.The method according to claim 1, wherein the first signal is coupled with the input signal of the RF filter (100) via a first coupler (51) ; andwherein the second signal is coupled with the output signal of the RF filter (100) via a second coupler (52) .3.The method according to claim 2, wherein the first signal is a coupling feedback signal of the input signal of the RF filter (100) , and the second signal is a coupling feedback signal of the output signal of the RF filter (100) .4.The method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the transmitter circuit comprises:a feedback circuit configured to provide a feedback signal to a digital predistortion unit of the transmitter circuit based on an output signal of a power amplifier (53) of the transmitter circuit,wherein the output signal of the power amplifier (53) is used as the input signal of the RF filter (100) , andwherein the first coupler (51) is a part of the feedback circuit, and the feedback signal is generated by the feedback circuit based on the first signal.5.The method according to claim 2, wherein the transmitter circuit comprises:a measuring circuit configured to measure Voltage Standing Wave Ratio, VSWR, of an antenna (54) of the transmitter circuit,wherein the output signal of the RF filter (100) is used as an input signal of the antenna (54) , andwherein the second coupler (52) is a part of the measuring circuit, and the VSWR is determined by the measuring circuit based on the second signal.6.The method according to any of claims 1-5, wherein the first power and the second power are determined by:measuring, by a dual channel power detector (201) , the first power and the second power in the analog domain.7.The method according to claim 6, wherein the difference is compared with the predetermined offset by a comparison unit (30) , and the triggering signal is generated by a control unit (40) , andwherein the dual channel power detector (201) , the comparison unit (30) , and the control unit (40) are implemented in a microcontroller unit of the transmitter circuit.8.The method according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the first power and the second power are determined by:down converting, by a dual channel RF receiver (202) , the first signal and the second signal;converting, by a dual channel analog-digital converter (203) , the down-converted first signal to a first digital signal and the down-converted second signal to a second digital signal; anddetermining, by a digital signal processor (204) , the first power based on the first digital signal and the second power based on the second digital signal in the digital domain.9.The method according to claim 8, wherein the transmitter circuit comprises:a feedback circuit configured to provide a feedback signal to a digital predistortion unit of the transmitter circuit based on an output signal of a power amplifier (53) of the transmitter circuit, wherein the output signal of the power amplifier (53) is used as the input signal of the RF filter (100) ; anda measuring circuit configured to measure Voltage Standing Wave Ratio, VSWR, of an antenna (54) of the transmitter circuit, wherein the output signal of the RF filter (100) is used as an input signal of the antenna (54) ,wherein the dual channel RF receiver (202) is shared by the feedback circuit and the measuring circuit, the feedback signal is generated by the feedback circuit based on the first signal, and the VSWR is determined by the measuring circuit based on the second signal.10.The method according to claim 8, wherein the difference is compared with the predetermined offset by a comparison unit (30) , and the triggering signal is generated by a control unit (40) , andwherein the digital signal processor (204) , the comparison unit (30) , and the control unit (40) are implemented in a microcontroller unit of the transmitter circuit.11.The method according to any of claims 1-10, wherein the predetermined offset is 5dB.12.An apparatus for monitoring sparking of an RF filter (100) in a transmitter circuit, comprising:a power determination unit (20) configured to determine a first power of a first signal associated with an input signal of the RF filter (100) and a second power of a second signal associated with an output signal of the RF filter (100) ;a comparison unit (30) configured to compare a difference between the first power and the second power with a predetermined offset; anda control unit (40) configured to generate, in response to the difference exceeding the predetermined offset, a triggering signal configured to trigger transmit power backoff of the transmitter circuit.13.The apparatus according to claim 12, further comprising:a first coupler (51) configured to generate the first signal through coupling with the input signal of the RF filter (100) ; anda second coupler (52) configured to generate the second signal through coupling with the output signal of the RF filter (100) .14.The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the first signal is a coupling feedback signal of the input signal of the RF filter (100) , and the second signal is a coupling feedback signal of the output signal of the RF filter (100) .15.The apparatus according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the transmitter circuit comprises:a feedback circuit configured to provide a feedback signal to a digital predistortion unit of the transmitter circuit based on an output signal of a power amplifier (53) of the transmitter circuit,wherein the output signal of the power amplifier (53) is used as the input signal of the RF filter (100) , andwherein the first coupler (51) is a part of the feedback circuit, and the feedback signal is generated by the feedback circuit based on the first signal.16.The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the transmitter circuit comprises:a measuring circuit configured to measure Voltage Standing Wave Ratio, VSWR, of an antenna (54) of the transmitter circuit,wherein the output signal of the RF filter (100) is used as an input signal of the antenna (54) , andwherein the second coupler (52) is a part of the measuring circuit, and the VSWR is determined by the measuring circuit based on the second signal.17.The apparatus according to any of claims 12-16, wherein the power determination unit (20) comprises:a dual channel power detector (201) configured to measure the first power and the second power in the analog domain.18.The apparatus according to claim 17, wherein the dual channel power detector (201) , the comparison unit (30) , and the control unit (40) are implemented in a microcontroller unit of the transmitter circuit.19.The apparatus according to any of claims 12-14, wherein the power determination unit (20) comprises:a dual channel RF receiver (202) configured to down convert the first signal and the second signal;a dual channel analog-digital converter (203) configured to convert the down-converted first signal to a first digital signal and the down-converted second signal to a second digital signal; anda digital signal processor (204) configured to determine the first power based on the first digital signal and the second power based on the second digital signal in the digital domain.20.The apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the transmitter circuit comprises:a feedback circuit configured to provide a feedback signal to a digital predistortion unit of the transmitter circuit based on an output signal of a power amplifier (53) of the transmitter circuit, wherein the output signal of the power amplifier (53) is used as the input signal of the RF filter (100) ; anda measuring circuit configured to measure Voltage Standing Wave Ratio, VSWR, of an antenna (54) of the transmitter circuit, wherein the output signal of the RF filter (100) is used as an input signal of the antenna (54) ,wherein the dual channel RF receiver (202) is shared by the feedback circuit and the measuring circuit, the feedback signal is generated by the feedback circuit based on the first signal, and the VSWR is determined by the measuring circuit based on the second signal.21.The apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the digital signal processor (204) , the comparison unit (30) , and the control unit (40) are implemented in a microcontroller unit of the transmitter circuit.22.The apparatus according to any of claims 12-21, wherein the predetermined offset is 5dB.23.A transmitter circuit comprising the apparatus according to any of claims 12-22.