Lower plastic structure, end cover assembly, energy storage device and electric apparatus

Abstract

Disclosed in the present application are a lower plastic structure, an end cover assembly, an energy storage device and an electric apparatus. The lower plastic structure comprises a lower plastic member and a flow guide member, wherein the lower plastic member is provided with a first surface and a second surface facing away from the first surface, and the lower plastic member is provided with a first liquid injection hole, which penetrates the first surface and the second surface; and the flow guide member comprises a connecting component which is connected to the first surface and an elastic flow guide component which is connected to the connecting component, a projection of the elastic flow guide component on the first surface at least covering part of the first liquid injection hole, and the elastic flow guide component being provided with a third surface facing the first surface and a fourth surface facing away from the third surface, the third surface being arranged facing the first surface in a protruding manner, such that the third surface is configured to guide an electrolyte, which is injected via the first liquid injection hole, and the fourth surface being recessed towards the third surface so as to form a recessed portion. By means of the lower plastic structure, the end cover assembly, the energy storage device and the electric apparatus, which are disclosed in the present application, the time for infiltrating a bare cell with the electrolyte can be effectively shortened, such that the infiltration efficiency of the bare cell is improved.

Description

Lower plastic structure, end cover assembly, energy storage device and electrical equipment

[0001] Related cross-references

[0002] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on June 16, 2023, with application number 2023107190434 and public name “Lower plastic structure, end cover assembly, energy storage device and electrical equipment”, all contents of which are incorporated by reference in this disclosure. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to a lower plastic structure, an end cover assembly, an energy storage device, and electrical equipment. Background Art

[0004] Rechargeable batteries, also known as rechargeable batteries or storage batteries, are batteries that can be recharged after discharge to reactivate the active materials and continue to be used. The recyclable nature of secondary batteries has made them a key power source for electrical devices. As demand for secondary batteries increases, so too have demands for their performance, particularly their cycle performance. The quality of secondary battery filling is a key parameter affecting this performance.

[0005] The secondary battery in the related art is usually composed of an end cap assembly, a bare cell and a shell, wherein the end cap assembly includes multiple components such as an end cap and a lower plastic part. A through injection hole is provided on the end cap and the lower plastic part, so that the electrolyte can be injected into the shell through the injection holes on the end cap and the lower plastic part to infiltrate the bare cell. However, in order to avoid other structures (such as the installation position of the pole or the installation position of the explosion-proof valve, etc.), the injection hole usually deviates from the center area of ​​the bare cell, which makes it easy for the electrolyte to be concentrated and injected toward one side of the bare cell, which makes it easy for the electrolyte to be absorbed unevenly, thereby prolonging the time for the electrolyte to fully infiltrate the bare cell, thereby affecting the infiltration efficiency.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] The embodiments of the present application disclose a lower plastic structure, an end cover assembly, an energy storage device, and an electrical device, which can effectively shorten the time for the electrolyte to infiltrate the bare battery cell, thereby facilitating improving the infiltration efficiency of the bare battery cell.

[0008] In order to achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present application discloses a lower plastic structure, which includes:

[0009] a lower plastic part, the lower plastic part having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the lower plastic part being provided with a first liquid injection hole penetrating the first surface and the second surface; and

[0010] The guide member includes a connecting member and an elastic guide member, the connecting member is connected to the first surface, the elastic guide member is connected to the connecting member and has a gap with the first injection hole, and the projection of the elastic guide member on the first surface at least covers a portion of the first injection hole, the elastic guide member has a third surface arranged toward the first surface and a fourth surface opposite to the third surface, the third surface is convex toward the first surface so that the third surface is used to guide the electrolyte injected through the first injection hole, and the fourth surface is recessed toward the third surface to form a recessed portion.

[0011] By additionally providing a guide member on the lower plastic part, the projection of the elastic guide member of the guide member on the lower plastic part covers the first liquid injection hole, and the elastic guide member has a third surface arranged toward the first surface and a fourth surface opposite to the third surface. The third surface is arranged to protrude toward the first surface, so that the third surface can be used to guide the electrolyte injected through the first liquid injection hole to different positions of the bare battery cell. In this way, the area where the electrolyte infiltrates the bare battery cell can be increased, and the electrolyte can be avoided from being concentrated and injected toward one side of the bare battery cell, thereby improving the problem of uneven electrolyte absorption by the bare battery cell, thereby facilitating the improvement of the bare battery cell's absorption efficiency of the electrolyte, shortening the infiltration time of the bare battery cell, and improving the infiltration efficiency of the bare battery cell. At the same time, since the projection of the elastic guide member on the lower plastic part covers the first liquid injection hole, the electrolyte injected through the first liquid injection hole can first contact the third surface and then fall on the bare battery cell, so as to avoid the electrolyte directly impacting the bare battery cell, thereby facilitating the reduction of the probability of the bare battery cell being damaged due to the direct impact of the electrolyte on the bare battery cell.

[0012] Furthermore, since the elastic flow-guiding component is an elastic structure, and the fourth surface of the elastic flow-guiding component is recessed toward the third surface to form a recessed portion, when the elastic flow-guiding component is subjected to the impact force of the electrolyte, the recessed portion can be utilized to provide a deformation space for the deformation of the elastic flow-guiding component, so that the elastic flow-guiding component can be deformed when subjected to the impact force of the electrolyte. Specifically, when a larger flow rate of electrolyte is injected through the first injection hole, the impact force of the electrolyte on the elastic flow-guiding component is larger, and the larger impact force causes the elastic flow-guiding component to produce a relatively large deformation, so that the third surface of the elastic flow-guiding component is flattened and tends to be flat. At this time, the angle between the flow-guiding direction of the electrolyte on the third surface and the axial direction of the first injection hole is larger, so that the electrolyte flies relatively far, so that the electrolyte can fly to a position of the bare battery cell that is farther away from the first injection hole; when a smaller flow rate of electrolyte is injected through the first injection hole, the impact force of the electrolyte on the elastic flow-guiding component is smaller, and the smaller impact force causes the elastic flow-guiding component to produce a relatively small deformation, and the angle between the flow-guiding direction of the electrolyte on the third surface and the axial direction of the first injection hole is smaller, so the electrolyte flies relatively close, so that the electrolyte can fly to a position of the bare battery cell that is closer to the first injection hole. That is, an elastic flow-guiding component is provided to control the injection flow rate and flow rate of the electrolyte to control the impact force during injection, thereby indirectly controlling the degree of protrusion of the third surface toward the first surface, that is, indirectly controlling the angle between the flow-guiding direction of the electrolyte on the third surface and the axial direction of the first injection hole, so as to further adjust the flying distance of the electrolyte, so as to facilitate the dispersion and diversion of the electrolyte and evenly drip to various positions of the bare battery cell according to the requirements of the product, such as the size of the bare battery cell, so as to facilitate more uniform and rapid infiltration of the bare battery cell and accelerate the infiltration time.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present application discloses an end cap assembly, comprising an end cap plate and a lower plastic structure as described in the first aspect above. The lower plastic member of the lower plastic structure is connected to the end cap plate, the flow guide member is located on a side of the lower plastic member facing away from the end cap plate, and the end cap plate is provided with a second liquid injection hole connected to the first liquid injection hole. The end cap assembly having the lower plastic structure described in the first aspect above can effectively shorten the time it takes for the electrolyte to penetrate the bare battery cell, thereby improving the penetration efficiency of the bare battery cell.

[0014] In a third aspect, the present application discloses an energy storage device, comprising a housing, a bare cell, and an end cap assembly as described in the second aspect above, wherein the housing has an opening, the bare cell is built into the housing, the end cap plate is sealed to the opening, and the lower plastic structure is disposed toward the bare cell. The energy storage device having the end cap assembly described in the second aspect above, because the end cap assembly described in the second aspect has the beneficial effects of the lower plastic structure described in the first aspect above, the energy storage device disclosed in the third aspect of the present application can effectively shorten the time it takes for the electrolyte to infiltrate the bare cell, thereby facilitating improved infiltration efficiency of the bare cell.

[0015] In a fourth aspect, the present application discloses an electrical device comprising the energy storage device described in the third aspect. Because the energy storage device described in the third aspect has the beneficial effects of the lower plastic structure described in the first aspect, the electrical device disclosed in the fourth aspect of the present application can effectively shorten the time it takes for the electrolyte to soak into the bare battery cell, thereby improving the soaking efficiency of the bare battery cell.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] The lower plastic structure, end cover assembly, energy storage device and electrical equipment provided by the embodiment of the present application are provided with an additional guide member on the lower plastic part. The projection of the elastic guide member of the guide member on the lower plastic part covers the first liquid injection hole, and the elastic guide member has a third surface arranged toward the first surface and a fourth surface opposite to the third surface. The third surface is arranged to be raised toward the first surface, so that the electrolyte injected through the first liquid injection hole can be guided to different positions of the bare battery cell by using the protrusion, thereby increasing the area of ​​the bare battery cell infiltrated by the electrolyte, avoiding The electrolyte is concentratedly injected toward one side of the bare cell, which improves the problem of uneven electrolyte absorption by the bare cell, thereby improving the bare cell's absorption efficiency of the electrolyte, shortening the bare cell's infiltration time, and improving the bare cell's infiltration efficiency; at the same time, since the projection of the elastic guide component on the lower plastic part covers the first injection hole, the electrolyte injected through the first injection hole can first contact the third surface and then fall onto the bare cell, so as to avoid the electrolyte directly impacting the bare cell, thereby reducing the probability of the bare cell being damaged due to the direct impact of the electrolyte on the bare cell.

[0018] Furthermore, since the elastic flow-guiding component is an elastic structure, and the fourth surface of the elastic flow-guiding component is recessed toward the third surface to form a recessed portion, when the elastic flow-guiding component is subjected to the impact force of the electrolyte, the recessed portion can be utilized to provide a deformation space for the deformation of the elastic flow-guiding component, so that the elastic flow-guiding component can be deformed when subjected to the impact force of the electrolyte. Specifically, when a larger flow rate of electrolyte is injected through the first injection hole, the impact force of the electrolyte on the elastic flow-guiding component is larger, and the larger impact force causes the elastic flow-guiding component to produce a relatively large deformation, so that the third surface of the elastic flow-guiding component is flattened and tends to be flat. At this time, the angle between the flow-guiding direction of the electrolyte on the third surface and the axial direction of the first injection hole is larger, so that the electrolyte flies relatively far, so that the electrolyte can fly to a position of the bare battery cell that is farther away from the first injection hole; when a smaller flow rate of electrolyte is injected through the first injection hole, the impact force of the electrolyte on the elastic flow-guiding component is smaller, and the smaller impact force causes the elastic flow-guiding component to produce a relatively small deformation, and the angle between the flow-guiding direction of the electrolyte on the third surface and the axial direction of the first injection hole is smaller, so the electrolyte flies relatively close, so that the electrolyte can fly to a position of the bare battery cell that is closer to the first injection hole. That is, an elastic flow-guiding component is provided to control the injection flow rate and flow rate of the electrolyte to control the impact force during injection, thereby indirectly controlling the degree of protrusion of the third surface toward the first surface, that is, indirectly controlling the angle between the flow-guiding direction of the electrolyte on the third surface and the axial direction of the first injection hole, so as to further adjust the flying distance of the electrolyte, so as to facilitate the dispersion and diversion of the electrolyte and evenly drip to various positions of the bare battery cell according to the requirements of the product, such as the size of the bare battery cell, so as to facilitate more uniform and rapid infiltration of the bare battery cell and accelerate the infiltration time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0020] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the lower plastic structure disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the lower plastic structure disclosed in an embodiment of the present application from another perspective;

[0022] FIG3 is a front view of the lower plastic structure of the elastic flow-guiding component disclosed in an embodiment of the present application when subjected to a small impact force;

[0023] FIG4 is a front view of the lower plastic structure of the elastic flow-guiding component disclosed in an embodiment of the present application when subjected to a large impact force;

[0024] FIG5 is a top view of the lower plastic structure disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] FIG6 is a cross-sectional view of the lower plastic structure in FIG5 along the AA direction;

[0026] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure in which the lower plastic structure is circular according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] FIG8 is a top view of the lower plastic structure in FIG7 ;

[0028] FIG9 is a cross-sectional view of the lower plastic structure in FIG8 along the BB direction;

[0029] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the elastic flow-guiding component when the protrusion has an end surface according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the elastic flow-guiding component when the protrusion has an end surface, as viewed from another perspective, according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG12 is a top view of the lower plastic structure when the center of the end surface and the center of the lower plastic part are eccentrically arranged according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG13 is a partial enlarged view of point E in FIG12;

[0033] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the elastic flow-guiding component when the protrusion has a convex point according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG15 is a top view of the lower plastic structure when the center of the protrusion and the lower plastic part are eccentrically arranged according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG16 is a partial enlarged view of point F in FIG15 ;

[0036] FIG17 is a top view of the elastic flow guide component disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] FIG18 is a schematic structural diagram of an end cap assembly disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG19 is a schematic structural diagram of the energy storage device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Explanation of main reference numerals 10-lower plastic structure; 11-lower plastic part; 11a-first surface; 11b-second surface; 111-first liquid injection hole; 12-flow guide; 121-connecting part; 1211-flow guide surface; 1211a-first sub-flow guide slope; 1211b-second sub-flow guide slope; 122-elastic flow guide part; 122a-third surface; 122b-fourth surface; 122c-central area; 1221-recessed portion; 1222a-first line segment; 1222b-second line segment; 13-explosion-proof valve fence; 131-groove; 1311-bottom surface of groove; 14-arc-shaped support fence; M1-center line; 20-end cover assembly; 21-end cover plate; 211-second liquid injection hole; 30-energy storage device; 31-shell; 311-opening; 32-bare battery cell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] In this application, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "back," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "center," "vertical," "horizontal," "transverse," and "longitudinal" indicate positions or locations based on the positions or locations shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily intended to better describe this application and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the devices, elements, or components indicated to having a specific orientation, or to being constructed or operated in a specific orientation.

[0042] Furthermore, some of the above terms may be used to express other meanings besides indicating a position or location. For example, the term "on" may also be used to indicate a dependency or connection in certain circumstances. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0043] Furthermore, the terms "installed," "disposed," "provided with," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, removable connections, or integral structures; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediary, or internal communication between two devices, elements, or components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0044] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are primarily used to distinguish between different devices, elements, or components (which may or may not be of the same type and configuration) and are not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the devices, elements, or components indicated. Unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0045] The technical solution of the present application will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and drawings.

[0046] Referring to Figures 1 to 4, the present invention discloses a lower plastic structure. The lower plastic structure 10 includes a lower plastic part 11 and a flow guide 12. The lower plastic part 11 has a first surface 11a and a second surface 11b opposite to the first surface 11a. The lower plastic part 11 is provided with a first liquid injection hole 111 that passes through the first surface 11a and the second surface 11b. The flow guide 12 includes a connecting component 121 and an elastic flow guide component 122. The connecting component 121 is connected to the first surface 11a of the lower plastic part 11. The elastic flow guide component 122 is connected to the connecting component 121 and has a gap between it and the first liquid injection hole 111, so that the elastic flow guide component 12 The elastic guide member 122 can be connected to the first surface 11a of the lower plastic part 11 via the connecting member 121, and the projection of the elastic guide member 122 on the first surface 11a at least partially covers the first liquid injection hole 111. That is, the projection of the elastic guide member 122 on the first surface 11a can cover a portion of the first liquid injection hole 111, while the other portion of the first liquid injection hole 111 is not covered by the projection of the elastic guide member 122 on the first surface 11a. Alternatively, the projection of the elastic guide member 122 on the first surface 11a covers the entire first liquid injection hole 111, so that the electrolyte injected through the first liquid injection hole 111 can first flow to the elastic guide member 122. The elastic flow-guiding member 122 includes a third surface 122a facing the first surface 11a and a fourth surface 122b opposite the third surface 122a. The third surface 122a is raised toward the first surface 11a so that the third surface 122a can guide the electrolyte injected through the first liquid injection hole 111. That is, during injection, the electrolyte injected through the first liquid injection hole 111 can flow along the third surface 122a and disperse from the edge of the third surface 122a to different locations of the bare battery cell. The fourth surface 122b is recessed toward the third surface 122a to form a recessed portion 1221.

[0047] In the lower plastic structure 10 provided in the present application, a guide member 12 is additionally provided on the lower plastic part 11, and the projection of the elastic guide member 122 of the guide member 12 on the lower plastic part 11 covers the first liquid injection hole 111, and the third surface 122a of the elastic guide member 122, which is arranged toward the first surface 11a, is convex toward the first surface 11a, so that the electrolyte injected through the first liquid injection hole 111 can be guided to different positions of the bare battery cell by the third surface 122a, thereby increasing the area where the electrolyte infiltrates the bare battery cell and avoiding the electrolyte from being concentrated and biased. Injection on one side of the bare cell improves the problem of uneven electrolyte absorption by the bare cell, which is beneficial to improving the bare cell's absorption efficiency of the electrolyte, shortening the bare cell's infiltration time, and improving the bare cell's infiltration efficiency; at the same time, since the projection of the elastic guide component 122 on the lower plastic part 11 covers the first liquid injection hole 111, the electrolyte injected through the first liquid injection hole 111 can first contact the third surface 122a and then fall onto the bare cell, so as to avoid the electrolyte directly impacting the bare cell, thereby reducing the probability of the bare cell being damaged due to the direct impact of the electrolyte on the bare cell.

[0048] Furthermore, since the elastic flow-guiding component 122 is an elastic structure, and the fourth surface 122b of the elastic flow-guiding component 122 is recessed toward the third surface 122a to form a recessed portion 1221, when the elastic flow-guiding component 122 is subjected to the impact force of the electrolyte, the recessed portion 1221 can be utilized to provide a deformation space for the deformation of the elastic flow-guiding component 122, so that the elastic flow-guiding component 122 can be deformed when subjected to the impact force of the electrolyte. Specifically, when a relatively small flow of electrolyte is injected through the first injection hole 111, as shown in FIG2 and FIG3, the impact force of the electrolyte on the elastic flow-guiding component 122 is relatively small, and the relatively small impact force causes the elastic flow-guiding component 122 to produce a relatively small deformation. At this time, the angle between the flow-guiding direction of the electrolyte on the third surface 122a and the axial direction of the first injection hole 111 is relatively small, so that the electrolyte is relatively close, so that the electrolyte can be injected to a position of the bare battery cell that is relatively close to the first injection hole 111; and when a relatively large flow of electrolyte is injected through the first injection hole 111, the electrolyte can be injected to a position that is relatively close to the bare battery cell. When the liquid is injected through the injection hole 111, as shown in Figures 2 and 4, the electrolyte has a relatively large impact force on the elastic flow-guiding component 122, and the large impact force causes the elastic flow-guiding component 122 to produce a relatively large deformation, so that the third surface 122a of the elastic flow-guiding component 122 is flattened and tends to be flat. At this time, the angle between the diversion direction of the electrolyte on the third surface 122a and the axial direction of the first injection hole 111 is relatively large, so that the electrolyte flies relatively far, so that the electrolyte can fly to a position of the bare battery cell farther away from the first injection hole 111. That is, an elastic flow-guiding component 122 is provided to control the injection flow rate and flow rate of the electrolyte to control the impact force during injection, thereby indirectly controlling the degree to which the third surface 122a protrudes toward the first surface 11a, that is, indirectly controlling the angle between the flow-guiding direction of the electrolyte on the third surface 122a and the axial direction of the first injection hole 111, so as to further adjust the flying distance of the electrolyte, so as to facilitate the dispersion and diversion of the electrolyte and evenly drip to various positions of the bare battery cell according to product requirements, such as the size of the bare battery cell, so as to facilitate more uniform and rapid infiltration of the bare battery cell and accelerate the infiltration time.

[0049] Furthermore, in order to improve the injection effect, related technologies generally require control of the consistency of the injection flow rate and flow rate to avoid the negative impact of inconsistent injection flow rate and flow rate on the injection effect. However, the inconsistent injection flow rate and flow rate of this application can bring beneficial injection effects, further reduce the operator's operating accuracy, and improve production efficiency.

[0050] Preferably, the projection of the elastic flow-guiding component 122 on the first surface 11a covers the entire first liquid injection hole 111, so that the electrolyte injected through the first liquid injection hole 111 can be dispersed and guided along the third surface 122a of the elastic flow-guiding component 122 as much as possible, so that the electrolyte can be dispersed and ejected from the edge of the elastic flow-guiding component 122, thereby ensuring that the electrolyte can flow to a position of the bare battery cell farther away from the first liquid injection hole 111, which is conducive to speeding up the time for the electrolyte to infiltrate the bare battery cell and improving the bare battery cell's absorption efficiency of the electrolyte.

[0051] In some embodiments, the elastic flow-guiding member 122 may be a body of revolution. The center of the third surface 122a of the elastic flow-guiding member 122 is arched toward the first surface 11a, and the center of the fourth surface 122b is recessed toward the third surface 122a to form a recessed portion 1221. This allows the third surface 122a to be configured as a rotational surface with a center arched toward the first surface 11a, and the fourth surface 122b to be configured as a rotational surface with a center recessed toward the third surface 122a. Furthermore, the centers of the third surface 122a and the fourth surface 122b are positioned relative to each other, ensuring that the elastic flow-guiding member 122 deforms from near the top of the first surface 11a toward away from the first surface 11a. This allows the elastic flow-guiding member 122 to maintain its convex shape toward the first surface 11a even after being deformed by electrolyte impact, thereby ensuring that the third surface 122a can always function as a flow-guiding member.

[0052] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, the third surface 122a and the fourth surface 122b are arranged parallel to each other. This ensures that the thickness of the elastic flow-guiding component 122 remains consistent at any position, thereby preventing the elastic flow-guiding component 122 from being too thin at a certain position, thereby causing rupture when impacted by the electrolyte, and preventing the elastic flow-guiding component from being too thick at a certain position, thereby preventing the elastic flow-guiding component from being difficult to deform when impacted by the electrolyte, thereby improving the flow-guiding effect of the elastic flow-guiding component. In other words, by arranging the third surface 122a and the fourth surface 122b parallel to each other, the structural strength of the elastic flow-guiding component 122 is ensured, while also facilitating deformation of the elastic flow-guiding component 122 when impacted by the electrolyte, thereby adjusting the electrolyte spray distance and improving the uniformity of the liquid injection.

[0053] In some embodiments, the elastic flow-guiding component 122 may be a thin sheet structure, for example, the elastic flow-guiding component 122 may be a spring; in other embodiments, the material of the elastic flow-guiding component 122 may be but is not limited to rubber, silicone, foam or plastic, etc., which have elastic deformation ability and can recover deformation.

[0054] Preferably, the elastic flow-guiding component 122 is made of rubber, and the elastic modulus E of the elastic flow-guiding component 122 may be 0.00584 GPa to 0.00984 GPa, for example, E=0.00584 GPa, 0.00600 GPa, 0.00684 GPa, 0.00700 GPa, 0.00784 GPa, 0.00800 GPa, 0.00884 GPa, 0.00900 GPa or 0.00984 GPa, etc. By controlling the elastic modulus of the elastic guide component 122 within the above-mentioned range, it can be ensured that the elastic guide component 122 is easy to produce sufficient deformation when impacted by the electrolyte, thereby facilitating the control of the injection flow rate and flow rate of the electrolyte to control the impact force during injection, and indirectly controlling the degree of protrusion of the third surface 122a toward the first surface 11a, so as to adjust the flying distance of the electrolyte, and then facilitate the dispersion and diversion of the electrolyte and even dripping to various positions of the bare battery cell according to product requirements, such as the size of the bare battery cell, thereby improving the wetting effect.

[0055] Furthermore, the Poisson's ratio μ of the elastic flow-guiding member 122 is 0.27 to 0.67, for example, μ = 0.27, 0.30, 0.35, 0.38, 0.40, 0.45, 0.50, 0.55, 0.60, 0.65, or 0.67. By controlling the Poisson's ratio of the elastic flow-guiding member 122 within the above range, it is ensured that the elastic flow-guiding member 122 deforms from the top near the first surface 11 a toward a direction away from the first surface 11 a. This ensures that even after the elastic flow-guiding member 122 is deformed by the impact of the electrolyte, the third surface 122 a can still maintain a convex shape toward the first surface 11 a, thereby ensuring that the third surface 122 a can always function as a flow-guiding member.

[0056] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG5 , the first liquid injection hole 111 is typically located on one side of the lower plastic part 11, that is, the center O1 of the first liquid injection hole 111 and the center O2 of the lower plastic part 11 are typically eccentrically arranged (the center O1 of the first liquid injection hole 111 and the center O2 of the lower plastic part 11 are not coaxial (or eccentric)) to avoid other structures. For example, when the lower plastic structure 10 is applied to the end cover assembly of a cylindrical battery, since the mounting position of the pole is typically set at the geometric center of the end cover plate and the lower plastic part 11, the first liquid injection hole 111 is typically located on either side of the mounting position of the pole to avoid the mounting position of the pole; and when the lower plastic structure 10 is applied to the end cover assembly of a square battery, since the mounting position of the explosion-proof valve is typically set at the geometric center of the end cover plate and the lower plastic part 11, the first liquid injection hole 111 is typically located on either side of the mounting position of the explosion-proof valve to avoid the mounting position of the explosion-proof valve.

[0057] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 2, 3, 5, and 6, a section of the third surface 122a taken by the plane containing its central rotation axis is a curve. The curve includes a first line segment 1222a and a second line segment 1222b that are symmetrical about the central rotation axis of the third surface 122a. The curvature of the first line segment 1222a and the second line segment 1222b gradually decreases from a position close to the first surface 11a to a direction away from the first surface 11a. The smaller the curvature of the first line segment 1222a and the second line segment 1222b, the flatter the edge region of the third surface 122a farther from the first surface 11a. This increases the angle between the electrolyte flow direction at the edge region of the third surface 122a and the axis direction of the first liquid injection hole 111. This helps the electrolyte to spray farther, thereby helping the electrolyte to spray to a position of the bare battery cell farther from the first liquid injection hole 111, thereby improving overall liquid injection uniformity.

[0058] As an optional embodiment, as shown in Figures 2, 5 and 6, the shape of the lower plastic part 11 is square, for example, a square or a rectangle, and an explosion-proof valve fence 13 is protruded from the middle of the first surface 11a. The explosion-proof valve fence 13 extends along the first direction, and a groove 131 is provided in the middle of the explosion-proof valve fence 13. The groove 131 passes through both sides of the explosion-proof valve fence 13 along the second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are parallel to the first surface 11a and perpendicular to each other, for example, the first direction can be the up-down direction in Figures 2 and 5, and the second direction can be the front-back direction in Figures 2 and 5; in the direction from the first surface 11a toward the elastic guide component 122, for example, in the up-down direction in Figures 2 and 6, the elastic guide component 122 is away from the first surface A surface of the elastic guide component 122 11a is higher than the groove bottom 1311 of the groove 131, or a surface of the elastic guide component 122 facing away from the first surface 11a is flush with the groove bottom 1311 of the groove 131, that is, a distance h1 from a surface of the elastic guide component 122 facing away from the first surface 11a to the first surface 11a is greater than or equal to a distance h2 from the groove bottom 1311 to the first surface 11a, so as to ensure that the electrolyte can pass through the groove 131 in the middle of the explosion-proof valve fence 13 and flow to a position of the lower plastic part 11 farther from the first liquid injection hole 111, so that the electrolyte can flow to a position of the bare battery cell farther from the first liquid injection hole 111, so that the electrolyte can be dispersed and guided and evenly dripped to various positions of the bare battery cell, so as to facilitate more uniform and rapid infiltration of the bare battery cell.

[0059] As another optional embodiment, in combination with Figures 7 to 9, the lower plastic part 11 is circular in shape, and an arc-shaped support fence 14 is protruded at the edge of the first surface 11a; in the direction from the first surface 11a toward the elastic flow guide component 122, for example, in the up and down directions in Figure 9, a surface of the elastic flow guide component 122 facing away from the first surface 11a is lower than a surface of the arc-shaped support fence 14 facing away from the first surface 11a, that is, a distance h1 from a surface of the elastic flow guide component 122 facing away from the first surface 11a to the first surface 11a is less than a height h3 of the arc-shaped support fence 14 protruding relative to the first surface 11a, so that the fourth surface 122b of the elastic flow guide component 122 can be spaced apart from the disk body of the collecting disk, and a gap is reserved for liquid flow.

[0060] Research has found that if the third surface 122a is close to the first liquid injection hole 111, the path space for the electrolyte to drip from the first liquid injection hole 111 will be narrow, which may easily cause electrolyte back-bubbling. Since the electrolyte is affected by surface tension, a portion of it will adhere to the first surface 11a of the lower plastic part 11 and flow from the first surface 11a. If the third surface 122a is far from the first liquid injection hole 111, the path space for the electrolyte to drip from the first liquid injection hole 111 will be wide, and most of the electrolyte will adhere to the first surface 11a of the lower plastic part 11 and flow from the first surface 11a. As a result, the third surface 122a has a lower diversion effect on the electrolyte, which is not conducive to more uniform and rapid infiltration of the bare battery cell. Therefore, in some embodiments, as shown in Figures 6 and 9, the third surface 122a has a central area 122c closest to the first liquid injection hole 111. Along the axial direction of the first liquid injection hole 111 (for example, the up and down directions in Figures 6 and 9), the distance h4 between the central area 122c of the third surface 122a and the first liquid injection hole 111 is 1mm to 2.5mm, for example, 1mm, 1.2mm, 1.5mm, 1.8mm, 2mm, 2.2mm, 2.3mm or 2.5mm, etc. On the one hand, the third surface 122a is prevented from being too close to the first liquid injection hole 111, thereby avoiding the occurrence of anti-bubbling to ensure normal liquid injection. On the other hand, the third surface 122a is prevented from being too far from the first liquid injection hole 111 to ensure that the third surface 122a can divert most of the electrolyte, so that the electrolyte can be better dispersed and guided to various positions of the bare battery cell, so that the bare battery cell can be more evenly and quickly infiltrated.

[0061] In one exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10 to FIG. 13 , the central region 122c of the third surface 122a may be an end face. In another exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG. 14 to FIG. 16 , the central region 122c of the third surface 122a may also be a convex point.

[0062] As an optional embodiment, when the central area 122c of the third surface 122a is an end face, combined with Figures 10 to 13, the center of the central area 122c can be understood as the center O3 of the end face, wherein the center O3 of the central area 122c and the center O1 of the first liquid injection hole 111 can be coaxially set or eccentrically set. It can be understood that when the center O3 of the central area 122c is coaxially arranged with the center O1 of the first liquid injection hole 111, it can be ensured that the electrolyte dripping can hit the central area 122c of the third surface 122a, so that the electrolyte dripping onto the third surface 122a begins to disperse from the position of the central area 122c and can basically flow evenly to various positions along the third surface 122a; but since the center O1 of the first liquid injection hole 111 and the center O2 of the lower plastic part 11 are usually eccentrically arranged, in order to achieve uniform liquid injection, more electrolyte needs to flow to the center of the bare battery cell and the side of the bare battery cell away from the first liquid injection hole 111, so it is preferred that the center O3 of the central area 122c is eccentric to the center O1 of the first liquid injection hole 111 The arrangement is such that the center O1 of the first liquid injection hole 111 is located between the center O3 of the central area 122c and the center O2 of the lower plastic part 11, that is, the center O3 of the central area 122c is located on the side of the center O1 of the first liquid injection hole 111 away from the center O2 of the lower plastic part 11. In this way, more electrolyte can be directly dripped onto the area of ​​the third surface 122a on the side close to the center O2 of the lower plastic part 11, and flow along the area of ​​the third surface 122a on the side close to the center O2 of the lower plastic part 11 toward the center of the bare cell and the side of the bare cell away from the first liquid injection hole 111, thereby allowing more electrolyte to flow to the center of the bare cell and the side of the bare cell away from the first liquid injection hole 111, thereby improving the overall liquid injection uniformity.

[0063] In this embodiment, the center O3 of the central region 122c is eccentrically disposed with respect to the center O1 of the first liquid injection hole 111, and the center O3 of the central region 122c is located behind the center O1 of the first liquid injection hole 111 and away from the center O2 of the lower plastic part 11. If the distance between the center O3 of the central region 122c and the center O1 of the first liquid injection hole 111 is relatively large, then during injection, the electrolyte injected from the first liquid injection hole 111 may not be able to hit the central region 122c of the third surface 122a, thereby causing deformation of the elastic flow guide member 122. The control effect of the electrolyte flying distance is poor, and if the distance between the center O3 of the central area 122c and the center O1 of the first liquid injection hole 111 is relatively large, then most of the electrolyte injected from the first liquid injection hole 111 will directly flow toward the area on the side of the third surface 122a close to the center O2 of the lower plastic part 11, and flow toward the side of the bare cell away from the first liquid injection hole 111, causing the electrolyte to be concentrated and diverted to the side of the bare cell away from the first liquid injection hole 111, which is prone to poor liquid injection uniformity and increases the wetting time of the bare cell. Therefore, in some embodiments, the projection of the central area 122c of the third surface 122a on the first surface 11a is located in the first liquid injection hole 111 to ensure that the electrolyte dripping can hit the central area 122c of the third surface 122a, so that the deformation degree of the elastic guide component 122 can be controlled by adjusting the impact force during injection, so as to adjust the angle between the diversion direction of the electrolyte on the third surface 122a and the axial direction of the first liquid injection hole 111, thereby reducing the flying distance of the electrolyte, so as to meet the wetting requirements of bare battery cells of different sizes; at the same time, it can also improve the overall injection uniformity.

[0064] In some embodiments, the center O1 of the first liquid injection hole 111 and the center O2 of the lower plastic part 11 are connected to form a center line M1, wherein the two sides of the lower plastic part 11 located on the center line M1 are symmetrical about the center line M1; the projection of the center O3 of the central area 122c on the first surface 11a is located on the center line M1, so that the center O3 of the central area 122c is prevented from being set to one side of the two sides of the center line M1, so that the electrolyte can be dispersed and evenly guided to both sides of the center line M1, so that the electrolyte can be better dispersed and evenly dripped to various positions of the bare battery cell, so as to facilitate more uniform and rapid infiltration of the bare battery cell.

[0065] As another optional embodiment, when the central area 122c of the third surface 122a is a convex point, as shown in Figures 14 to 16, the convex point constitutes the center of the central area 122c, and the convex point is coaxially or eccentrically arranged with the center O1 of the first liquid injection hole 111. It can be understood that when the convex point is coaxially arranged with the center O1 of the first liquid injection hole 111, it can ensure that the electrolyte dripping thereon can hit the convex point of the third surface 122a, so that the electrolyte dripping onto the third surface 122a starts to disperse from the position of the convex point and can basically flow to various positions along the third surface 122a evenly; but since the center O1 of the first liquid injection hole 111 and the center O2 of the lower plastic part 11 are usually eccentrically arranged, in order to achieve uniform liquid injection, more electrolyte needs to flow to the center of the bare battery cell and the side of the bare battery cell away from the first liquid injection hole 111, so it is preferred that the convex point is eccentrically arranged with the center O1 of the first liquid injection hole 111, and the first liquid injection hole 111 is preferably eccentrically arranged. The center O1 of an injection hole 111 is located between the bump and the center O2 of the lower plastic part 11, that is, the bump is located on the side of the center O1 of the first injection hole 111 away from the center O2 of the lower plastic part 11. In this way, more electrolyte can drip directly onto the area of ​​the third surface 122a on the side close to the center O2 of the lower plastic part 11, and flow along the area of ​​the third surface 122a on the side close to the center O2 of the lower plastic part 11 toward the center of the bare cell and the side of the bare cell away from the first injection hole 111, thereby allowing more electrolyte to flow to the center of the bare cell and the side of the bare cell away from the first injection hole 111, thereby improving the overall injection uniformity.

[0066] In this embodiment, the protrusion is eccentrically arranged with respect to the center O1 of the first liquid injection hole 111, and the protrusion is located behind the center O1 of the first liquid injection hole 111 away from the center O2 of the lower plastic part 11. If the distance between the protrusion and the center O1 of the first liquid injection hole 111 is relatively large, then during injection, the electrolyte injected from the first liquid injection hole 111 may not hit the protrusion, resulting in poor deformation of the elastic flow-guiding component 122, thereby making the control effect of the electrolyte flying distance poor. Moreover, the distance between the protrusion and the center O1 of the first liquid injection hole 111 is relatively large, then most of the electrolyte injected from the first liquid injection hole 111 will directly flow toward the area of ​​the third surface 122a on the side close to the center O2 of the lower plastic part 11, and flow toward the side of the bare cell away from the first liquid injection hole 111, causing the electrolyte to be concentratedly directed to the side of the bare cell away from the first liquid injection hole 111, thereby easily resulting in poor injection uniformity and increasing the wetting time of the bare cell. Therefore, in some embodiments, the projection of the bump on the first surface 11a is located in the first liquid injection hole 111 to ensure that the electrolyte dripping down can hit the bump, so that the deformation degree of the elastic guide component 122 can be controlled by adjusting the impact force during injection, so as to adjust the angle between the diversion direction of the electrolyte on the third surface 122a and the axial direction of the first liquid injection hole 111, and thus the flying distance of the electrolyte, so as to meet the wetting requirements of bare battery cells of different sizes.

[0067] In some embodiments, the center O1 of the first liquid injection hole 111 and the center O2 of the lower plastic part 11 are connected to form a center line M1, wherein the two sides of the lower plastic part 11 located on the center line M1 are symmetrical about the center line M1; the projection of the protrusion on the first surface 11a is located on the center line M1, which can avoid the protrusion being set on one side of the center line M1, so that the electrolyte can be dispersed and evenly guided to both sides of the center line M1, so that the electrolyte can be better dispersed and evenly dripped to various positions of the bare battery cell, facilitating more uniform and rapid infiltration of the bare battery cell.

[0068] In some embodiments, there are multiple connecting components 121, such as two, three, four, five, or more. Each of the connecting components 121 is connected to the first surface 11a of the lower plastic component 11, and each of the connecting components 121 is connected to the elastic flow-guiding component 122. This provides at least two connection locations between the elastic flow-guiding component 122 and the lower plastic component 11, thereby facilitating a stable connection between the elastic flow-guiding component 122 and the lower plastic component 11. Furthermore, each of the connecting components 121 has the same height along the axis of the first liquid injection hole 111. If the heights of each of the connecting components 121 along the axis of the first liquid injection hole 111 were inconsistent, the elastic flow-guiding component 122 would deform or even distort before being impacted by the electrolyte, thereby affecting its structural strength and stability. By maintaining the same height of all the connecting components 121 along the axis of the first liquid injection hole 111, deformation or even distortion of the elastic flow-guiding component 122 before being impacted by the electrolyte is avoided, thereby ensuring its structural stability.

[0069] Preferably, there are three connecting members 121. Since the connecting members 121 act as barrier members, too many connecting members 121 will affect the efficiency of electrolyte injection, while too few connecting members 121 will affect the connection stability of the elastic flow-guiding member 122. Providing three connecting members 121 can ensure both the efficiency of electrolyte injection and the connection stability of the elastic flow-guiding member 122.

[0070] Furthermore, the plurality of connecting members 121 can be evenly spaced around the edge of the first liquid injection hole 111, so that the distance between any two adjacent connecting members 121 remains equal. This ensures that the force applied to the elastic flow-guiding member 122 is relatively uniform. During liquid injection, the elastic flow-guiding member 122 will not deflect, thereby preventing the electrolyte from being concentrated in a single location within the bare cell, thereby ensuring overall liquid injection uniformity.

[0071] In some embodiments, the connecting member 121 is provided with a guide surface 1211 toward the center of the elastic guide member 122. The guide surface 1211 is a guide arc surface or a guide slope, and can be used to guide the electrolyte injected through the first liquid injection hole 111. The provision of the guide surface 1211 on the connecting member 121 allows the electrolyte to be secondary diverted and guided by the guide surface 1211, thereby further improving the electrolyte injection efficiency.

[0072] Exemplarily, the connecting component 121 may be a strip structure or a columnar structure, such as a cylindrical structure. In this case, the outer peripheral side surface of the connecting component 121 may be an arc surface, and the outer peripheral side surface of the connecting component 121 forms the guide arc surface. In this way, there is no need to cut the connecting component 121 again, and the structure of the connecting component 121 is relatively simple. When the guide surface 1211 is a guide slope, as shown in Figures 16 and 17, the guide slope includes a first sub-guide slope 1211a and a second sub-guide slope 1211b connected at an angle, and the intersection line M2 of the first sub-guide slope 1211a and the second sub-guide slope 1211b is parallel to the axis of the first liquid injection hole 111, and the first sub-guide slope 1211a and the second sub-guide slope 1211b are symmetrical about the plane where the intersection line M2 and the axis of the first liquid injection hole 111 are located, so that the electrolyte can start to disperse from the position of the intersection line M2, and can basically flow to various positions along the first sub-guide slope 1211a and the second sub-guide slope 1211b evenly.

[0073] As an optional embodiment, the connecting component 121 and the lower plastic part 11 are integrally molded. For example, the connecting component 121 and the lower plastic part 11 can be integrally molded by injection molding, which can shorten the processing time, simplify the installation process, and improve the installation efficiency. Moreover, since the connection between the connecting component 121 and the lower plastic part 11 is usually fused together during the injection molding process, the connection reliability and stability between the connecting component 121 and the lower plastic part 11 are relatively high.

[0074] As another optional embodiment, the connecting component 121 is hot-melt connected to the lower plastic component 11, and the installation method is relatively simple. Compared with traditional mechanical fastening (riveting, screwing, etc.), the hot-melt connection makes it possible for the connection between the connecting component 121 and the lower plastic component 11 to be fused together, and the connection strength is high. In addition, the overall mass of the lower plastic structure 10 after installation is lighter, which is conducive to the lightweight design of the lower plastic structure 10.

[0075] As another optional embodiment, the connecting component 121 is detachably connected to the lower plastic component 11. For example, the connecting component 121 and the lower plastic component 11 can be snap-connected, so that the connecting component 121 can be removed from the lower plastic component 11, thereby allowing the guide member 12 to be removed from the lower plastic component 11. When the elasticity of the elastic guide member 122 fails, the guide member 12 can be removed and replaced with a new one, rather than replacing the entire lower plastic structure 10, thereby reducing replacement costs.

[0076] Referring to FIG. 18 , the second aspect of the present application discloses an end cap assembly. The end cap assembly 20 includes an end cap plate 21 and the lower plastic structure 10 described in the first aspect. The lower plastic member 11 of the lower plastic structure 10 is connected to the end cap plate 21. The flow guide 12 is located on a side of the lower plastic member 11 facing away from the end cap plate 21. The end cap plate 21 is provided with a second liquid injection hole 211 in communication with the first liquid injection hole 111. It is understood that the end cap assembly 20 having the lower plastic structure 10 described in the first aspect can provide the same or similar beneficial effects. For details, please refer to the description of the embodiment of the lower plastic structure 10, which will not be repeated here.

[0077] Referring to Figure 19 , the third aspect of this application discloses an energy storage device, wherein the energy storage device 30 comprises a housing 31, a bare cell 32, and the end cap assembly 20 described in the second aspect above. The housing 31 has an opening 311, the bare cell 32 is built into the housing 31, the end cap plate 21 is sealed to the opening 311, and the lower plastic structure 10 is disposed toward the bare cell 32. It is understood that the energy storage device 30 having the end cap assembly 20 described in the second aspect above can bring about the same or similar beneficial effects. For details, please refer to the description of the embodiment of the lower plastic structure 10, which will not be repeated here.

[0078] The energy storage device 30 may include but is not limited to a single cell, a battery module, a battery pack, a battery system, etc. When the energy storage device 30 is a single cell, it may be a square cell or a round cell.

[0079] A fourth aspect of the present application discloses an electrical device comprising the energy storage device described in the third aspect. The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are applicable to various electrical devices using energy storage devices, such as battery-powered vehicles, electric toys, electric tools, electric vehicles, ships and spacecraft, mobile phones, portable devices, PDAs, or laptop computers.

[0080] The above is a detailed introduction to a lower plastic structure, end cover assembly, energy storage device and electrical equipment disclosed in the embodiment of the present application. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the lower plastic structure, end cover assembly, energy storage device and electrical equipment of the present application and its core ideas; at the same time, for general technical personnel in this field, based on the ideas of the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

Claims

1. A lower plastic structure, characterized in that: The lower plastic structure (10) comprises: A lower plastic part (11), the lower plastic part (11) having a first surface (11a) and a second surface (11b) opposite to the first surface (11a), the lower plastic part (11) being provided with a first liquid injection hole (111) penetrating the first surface (11a) and the second surface (11b); and A flow guide (12), the flow guide (12) comprising a connecting component (121) and an elastic flow guide component (122), the connecting component (121) being connected to the first surface (11a), the elastic flow guide component (122) being connected to the connecting component (121) and having a gap with the first liquid injection hole (111), and a projection of the elastic flow guide component (122) on the first surface (11a) at least covering a portion of the first liquid injection hole (111), and the elastic flow guide component (122) The component (122) comprises a third surface (122a) arranged toward the first surface (11a) and a fourth surface (122b) opposite to the third surface (122a); the third surface (122a) is arranged to protrude toward the first surface (11a) so that the third surface (122a) is used to guide the electrolyte injected through the first injection hole (111); and the fourth surface (122b) is recessed toward the third surface (122a) to form a recessed portion (1221).

2. The lower plastic structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic flow-guiding component (122) is a rotating body structure, the center of the third surface (122a) is arched toward the first surface (11a), and the center of the fourth surface (122b) is recessed toward the third surface (122a) to form the recessed portion (1221).

3. The lower plastic structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The third surface (122a) and the fourth surface (122b) are arranged parallel to each other.

4. The lower plastic structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A section of the third surface (122a) obtained by a plane where the central rotation axis of the elastic flow-guiding component (122) is located is a curve, and the curve comprises a first line segment (1222a) and a second line segment (1222b) which are symmetrical about the central rotation axis of the third surface (122a), and the curvatures of the first line segment (1222a) and the second line segment (1222b) gradually decrease from a position close to the first surface (11a) to a direction away from the first surface (11a).

5. The lower plastic structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic flow-guiding component (122) is made of rubber, and the elastic modulus E of the elastic flow-guiding component (122) is 0.00584 GPa to 0.00984 GPa, and / or the Poisson's ratio μ of the elastic flow-guiding component (122) is 0.27 to 0.

67.

6. The lower plastic structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third surface (122a) has a central area (122c) closest to the first liquid injection hole (111), the center of the central area (122c) is eccentrically arranged with respect to the center of the first liquid injection hole (111), and the center of the first liquid injection hole (111) is located between the center of the central area (122c) and the center of the lower plastic part (11).

7. The lower plastic structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The projection of the central area (122c) on the first surface (11a) is located in the first liquid injection hole (111).

8. The lower plastic structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The center of the first injection hole (111) and the center of the lower plastic part (11) are connected to form a center line (M1), and the lower plastic part (11) is symmetrical about the center line (M1) on both sides of the center line (M1); The projection of the center of the central area (122c) on the first surface (11a) is located on the center line (M1).

9. The lower plastic structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third surface (122a) has a central area (122c) closest to the first liquid injection hole (111), and along the axial direction of the first liquid injection hole (111), the distance between the central area (122c) of the third surface (122a) and the first liquid injection hole (111) is 1 mm to 2.5 mm.

10. The lower plastic structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower plastic part (11) is square in shape, and an explosion-proof valve fence (13) is convexly provided in the middle of the first surface (11a), the explosion-proof valve fence (13) is extended along a first direction, a groove (131) is provided in the middle of the explosion-proof valve fence (13), and the groove (131) runs through two sides of the explosion-proof valve fence (13) along a second direction, the first direction and the second direction are parallel to the first surface (11a) and perpendicular to each other, and in the direction from the first surface (11a) toward the elastic flow guide component (122), a surface of the elastic flow guide component (122) facing away from the first surface (11a) is higher than the groove bottom surface (1311) of the groove (131), or is flush with the groove bottom surface (1311) of the groove (131); or, The lower plastic part (11) is circular in shape, and an arc-shaped support fence (14) is protrudingly provided at the edge of the first surface (11a); in the direction from the first surface (11a) toward the elastic flow-guiding component (122), a surface of the elastic flow-guiding component (122) that is away from the first surface (11a) is lower than a surface of the arc-shaped support fence (14) that is away from the first surface (11a).

11. The lower plastic structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are a plurality of connecting components (121), and the plurality of connecting components (121) are respectively connected to the first surface (11a), and the plurality of connecting components (121) are respectively connected to the elastic flow-guiding component (122), and the heights of the connecting components (121) in the axial direction of the first liquid injection hole (111) are the same.

12. The lower plastic structure according to claim 11, characterized in that: The plurality of connecting components (121) are evenly spaced and distributed on the edge of the first liquid injection hole (111) along the circumference of the first liquid injection hole (111).

13. The lower plastic structure according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The connecting component (121) is provided with a guide surface (1211) toward the center of the elastic guide component (122); the guide surface (1211) is a guide arc surface or a guide slope; the guide surface (1211) is used to guide the electrolyte injected through the first injection hole (111).

14. The lower plastic structure according to claim 13, characterized in that: When the guide surface (1211) is a guide slope, the guide slope comprises a first sub-guide slope (1211a) and a second sub-guide slope (1211b) connected at an angle, the intersection line of the first sub-guide slope (1211a) and the second sub-guide slope (1211b) is parallel to the axis of the first injection hole (111), and the first sub-guide slope (1211a) and the second sub-guide slope (1211b) are symmetrical about the plane where the intersection line and the axis of the first injection hole (111) are located.

15. An end cap assembly, characterized in that: The end cover assembly (20) comprises an end cover plate (21) and a lower plastic structure (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, the lower plastic part (11) of the lower plastic structure (10) is connected to the end cover plate (21), the flow guide (12) is located on a side of the lower plastic part (11) facing away from the end cover plate (21), and the end cover plate (21) is provided with a second injection hole (211) connected to the first injection hole (111).

16. An energy storage device, characterized in that: The energy storage device (30) comprises a shell (31), a bare battery cell (32) and an end cover assembly (20) as claimed in claim 15, wherein the shell (31) has an opening (311), the bare battery cell (32) is built into the shell (31), the end cover plate (21) of the end cover assembly (20) is sealed and connected to the opening (311), and the lower plastic structure (10) is arranged toward the bare battery cell (32).

17. An electrical equipment, characterized in that: The electrical equipment includes the energy storage device as claimed in claim 16.

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