Holographic antenna beamforming method and system, holographic antenna sidelobe beam cancellation method and system, and holographic antenna bandwidth modulation method and system

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a holographic antenna beamforming method and system, a holographic antenna sidelobe beam cancellation method and system, and a holographic antenna bandwidth modulation method and system. The holographic antenna beamforming method comprises: acquiring a preset beam direction, a feed structure and a plurality of radiation units of a target holographic antenna; calculating a radiation field corresponding to the preset beam direction, and performing phase interference calculation on the radiation field and a guided wave in the feed structure, so as to obtain a first holographic interference pattern; on the basis of the location of each radiation unit, performing discretization and quantization processing on the first holographic interference pattern, so as to obtain a first discrete excitation intensity distribution; performing threshold value determination on the first discrete excitation intensity distribution, so as to obtain a first digital matrix; and obtaining a first radiation direction pattern of the target holographic antenna according to the first digital matrix.

Description

Holographic antenna beamforming, sidelobe beam cancellation, bandwidth modulation method and system

[0001] This disclosure claims priority to Chinese patent application number CN202310744759.X, filed with the Patent Office of China on June 25, 2023, entitled “Holographic Antenna Beamforming, Sidelobe Beam Cancellation, Bandwidth Modulation Method and System,” the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this disclosure. Technical Field

[0002] The present disclosure relates to a holographic antenna beamforming, sidelobe beam cancellation, and bandwidth modulation method and system, and belongs to the field of 5G millimeter wave communication and electronically controlled scanning holographic antennas. Background Art

[0003] Among the many millimeter-wave antennas, phased array antennas, with their high gain, wide-angle beam scanning, and fast beam switching, have become the mainstream antenna application for 5G millimeter-wave communications. However, phased array antennas achieve fast beam scanning characteristics by controlling the waveguide phase of the radiating elements in a large-scale antenna array. This necessitates the use of corresponding phase-shifting circuits. To compensate for the insertion loss introduced by the phase-shifting circuits, a large number of power amplifiers must be introduced, resulting in a complex phased array antenna system structure, high energy loss, high consumption, and high production costs. Moreover, in some application scenarios, the beam scanning performance of phased array antennas may overflow, further reducing the cost-effectiveness. Therefore, it is necessary to find an antenna that can achieve wide-angle beam scanning performance while being relatively simple in structure, low in energy consumption, and low in cost.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, a holographic antenna based on the theory of optical holography for application in the microwave frequency band was proposed. Holographic antennas generally integrate the feed source and the radiation unit on the same plane, and achieve a radiation pattern with a specific beam direction by modulating the coupling strength between the subwavelength unit and the waveguide, or by using the subwavelength unit to construct an impedance surface to modulate the surface wave. Traditional methods use subwavelength units of different sizes to achieve a continuous impedance distribution on the antenna aperture surface or use slots of different lengths to achieve a continuous distribution of the waveguide coupling strength. However, the holographic antennas constructed using these methods have a complex overall structure and can generally only radiate in a fixed direction, making it impossible to achieve beam reconfiguration, which limits the application of holographic antennas in 5G wireless communications.

[0005] Furthermore, to achieve reconfigurable holographic antennas, numerous reconfigurable holographic antennas based on RF switches such as PIN diodes and varactors, as well as those controlled by liquid crystal injection layers, have been proposed and implemented. However, achieving continuous adjustment of the radiating element state places stringent demands on the design of both the RF switches and the beamforming algorithm, making mass deployment of reconfigurable holographic antennas difficult in 5G wireless communications.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems or at least partially solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a holographic antenna beamforming, sidelobe beam cancellation, and bandwidth modulation method and system.

[0008] A holographic antenna beamforming method, the method comprising:

[0009] Obtaining the preset beam pointing, feeding structure, and multiple radiating elements of the target holographic antenna;

[0010] Calculating a radiation field corresponding to the preset beam pointing direction, and performing interference calculation on the radiation field and the guided wave in the feeding structure to obtain a first holographic interference pattern;

[0011] Discretizing and quantizing the first holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit, thereby obtaining a first discrete excitation intensity distribution;

[0012] Performing a threshold decision on the first discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a first digital matrix;

[0013] A first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna is obtained according to the first digital matrix.

[0014] A holographic antenna sidelobe beam cancellation method, the method comprising:

[0015] Selecting a target sidelobe according to a first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, obtaining a sidelobe beam pointing direction of the target sidelobe, and obtaining a feeding structure and a plurality of radiating elements of the target holographic antenna;

[0016] Calculating a radiation field in which the sidelobe beam points to the main beam and has an inverted phase, and performing interference calculation on the radiation field and the guided wave in the feeding structure to obtain a second holographic interference pattern;

[0017] Discretizing and quantizing the second holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit, thereby obtaining a second discrete excitation intensity distribution;

[0018] Performing threshold judgment on the second discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second digital matrix;

[0019] Performing mathematical operations on the first digital matrix and the second digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix;

[0020] According to the modified digital matrix, the sidelobe beam cancellation of the target holographic antenna is achieved, and the second radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna is obtained.

[0021] A holographic antenna multi-beamforming and design method, the method comprising:

[0022] Based on the first beam radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, a second beam radiation pattern is selected, and the beam pointing direction of the second beam radiation pattern is obtained, as well as the feeding structure and multiple radiating elements of the target holographic antenna;

[0023] Calculating a radiation field with the beam pointing direction of the second beam radiation pattern as the main beam pointing direction, and performing interference calculation on the radiation field and the guided wave in the feeding structure to obtain a second beam pointing holographic interference pattern;

[0024] Based on the position of each radiation unit, the second beam pointing holographic interference pattern is discretized and quantized to obtain a second beam pointing discrete excitation intensity distribution;

[0025] Performing a threshold decision on the second beam pointing discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second beam pointing digital matrix;

[0026] Performing a logical “OR” operation on the first beam pointing digital matrix and the second beam pointing digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix;

[0027] According to the modified digital matrix, the multi-beam antenna shaping and design of the target holographic antenna are realized, and the multi-beam radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna is obtained.

[0028] A method for modulating the actual bandwidth of a holographic antenna, the method comprising:

[0029] According to the first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, the preset beam pointing remains unchanged, a second bandwidth-modulated radiation pattern is selected, the preset beam pointing of the second bandwidth-modulated radiation pattern is obtained, and a feeding structure and a plurality of radiating units are obtained;

[0030] Calculating the interference between the radiation field corresponding to the second bandwidth-modulated radiation pattern and the guided wave in the feeding structure to obtain a second bandwidth-modulated holographic interference pattern;

[0031] Discretizing and quantizing the second bandwidth-modulated holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit, thereby obtaining a second bandwidth-modulated discrete excitation intensity distribution;

[0032] Performing a threshold decision on the second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second bandwidth modulation digital matrix;

[0033] Performing mathematical operations on the first digital matrix and the second bandwidth modulation digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix;

[0034] According to the corrected digital matrix, the bandwidth expansion of the target holographic antenna's pattern is achieved, and the final bandwidth-modulated radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna is obtained.

[0035] A holographic antenna beamforming system, comprising:

[0036] A first acquisition unit is used to acquire a preset beam pointing direction, a feeding structure, and a plurality of radiation units of a target holographic antenna;

[0037] A first calculation unit is configured to calculate a radiation field corresponding to a preset beam pointing direction, and perform interference calculation on the radiation field and the guided wave in the feeding structure to obtain a first holographic interference pattern;

[0038] a first processing unit, configured to discretize and quantize the first holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit, thereby obtaining a first discrete excitation intensity distribution;

[0039] a first decision unit, configured to perform a threshold decision on the first discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a first digital matrix;

[0040] The first shaping unit is used to obtain a first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna according to the first digital matrix.

[0041] A holographic antenna sidelobe beam cancellation system, comprising:

[0042] a second acquisition unit, configured to select a target sidelobe according to the first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, obtain the sidelobe beam pointing direction of the target sidelobe, and obtain the feeding structure and the plurality of radiation units of the target holographic antenna;

[0043] A second calculation unit is used to calculate a radiation field in which the side lobe beam points to the main beam and has an inverted phase, and to perform interference calculation on the radiation field and the guided wave in the feeding structure to obtain a second holographic interference pattern;

[0044] a second processing unit, configured to discretize and quantize the second holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit, thereby obtaining a second discrete excitation intensity distribution;

[0045] a second decision unit, configured to perform a threshold decision on the second discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second digital matrix;

[0046] A first matrix operation unit is used to perform mathematical operations on the first digital matrix and the second digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix;

[0047] The second shaping unit is used to achieve sidelobe beam cancellation of the target holographic antenna according to the modified digital matrix, and simultaneously obtain a second radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna.

[0048] A holographic antenna multi-beamforming and design system, comprising:

[0049] a third acquisition unit, configured to select a second beam radiation pattern based on the first beam radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, obtain a beam pointing direction of the second beam radiation pattern, and obtain a feeding structure and a plurality of radiation units of the target holographic antenna;

[0050] a third calculation unit, configured to calculate a radiation field with the beam pointing direction of the second beam radiation pattern as the main beam pointing direction, and perform interference calculation on the radiation field and the guided wave in the feeding structure to obtain a second beam pointing holographic interference pattern;

[0051] a third processing unit, configured to discretize and quantize the second beam pointing holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit, thereby obtaining a second beam pointing discrete excitation intensity distribution;

[0052] a third decision unit, configured to perform a threshold decision on the second beam pointing discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second beam pointing digital matrix;

[0053] a second matrix operation unit, configured to perform a logical “OR” operation on the first beam pointing digital matrix and the second beam pointing digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix;

[0054] The third shaping unit is used to realize the multi-beam antenna shaping and design of the target holographic antenna according to the modified digital matrix, and simultaneously obtain the multi-beam radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna.

[0055] A holographic antenna actual bandwidth modulation system, the system comprising:

[0056] a fourth acquisition unit, configured to select a second bandwidth-modulated radiation pattern according to the first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, obtain a preset beam pointing direction of the second bandwidth-modulated radiation pattern, and obtain a feeding structure and a plurality of radiating units;

[0057] a fourth calculation unit, configured to calculate a radiation field corresponding to the second bandwidth-modulated radiation pattern, and perform interference calculation on the radiation field and the guided wave in the feeding structure to obtain a second bandwidth-modulated holographic interference pattern;

[0058] a fourth processing unit, configured to discretize and quantize the second bandwidth-modulated holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit, thereby obtaining a second bandwidth-modulated discrete excitation intensity distribution;

[0059] a fourth decision unit, configured to perform a threshold decision on the second bandwidth-modulated discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second bandwidth-modulated digital matrix;

[0060] a third matrix operation unit, configured to perform mathematical operations on the first digital matrix and the second bandwidth modulation digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix;

[0061] The fourth shaping unit is used to achieve bandwidth broadening of the target holographic antenna's pattern according to the modified digital matrix, and simultaneously obtain the final bandwidth-modulated radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna.

[0062] A computer device includes a processor and a memory for storing a program executable by the processor. When the processor executes the program stored in the memory, it implements the holographic antenna beamforming method provided in any embodiment of the present disclosure, or implements the holographic antenna sidelobe beam cancellation method provided in any embodiment of the present disclosure, or implements the holographic antenna multi-beamforming and design method provided in any embodiment of the present disclosure, or implements the holographic antenna actual bandwidth modulation method provided in any embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0063] A storage medium stores a program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the holographic antenna beamforming method provided in any embodiment of the present disclosure, or implements the holographic antenna sidelobe beam cancellation method provided in any embodiment of the present disclosure, or implements the holographic antenna multi-beamforming and design method provided in any embodiment of the present disclosure, or implements the holographic antenna actual bandwidth modulation method provided in any embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0064] A computer program product, comprising computer-readable instructions, wherein when the computer-readable instructions are executed by a processor, the processor implements the holographic antenna beamforming method provided in any embodiment of the present disclosure, or implements the holographic antenna sidelobe beam cancellation method provided in any embodiment of the present disclosure, or implements the holographic antenna multi-beamforming and design method provided in any embodiment of the present disclosure, or implements the holographic antenna actual bandwidth modulation method provided in any embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0065] The details of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent from the description, drawings, and claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0066] FIG1 is a flow chart of a holographic antenna beamforming method according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure;

[0067] FIG2 is a first digital matrix diagram of Example 1 of the present disclosure;

[0068] FIG3 is a distribution diagram of gap units corresponding to the first digital matrix of Example 1 of the present disclosure;

[0069] FIG4 is a first radiation pattern of the holographic antenna corresponding to the first digital matrix of Example 1 of the present disclosure;

[0070] FIG5 is a flow chart of a holographic antenna sidelobe beam cancellation method according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure;

[0071] FIG6 is a second digital matrix diagram of Example 2 of the present disclosure;

[0072] FIG7 is a diagram of a modified digital matrix according to Example 2 of the present disclosure;

[0073] FIG8 is a distribution diagram of gap units corresponding to the modified digital matrix of Example 2 of the present disclosure;

[0074] FIG9 is a second radiation pattern of the holographic antenna corresponding to the modified digital matrix of Example 2 of the present disclosure;

[0075] FIG10 is a flow chart of a multi-beamforming and design method for a holographic antenna according to Embodiment 3 of the present disclosure;

[0076] FIG11 is a flow chart of a method for modulating the actual bandwidth of a holographic antenna according to Embodiment 4 of the present disclosure;

[0077] FIG12 is a first digital matrix diagram of Example 4 of the present disclosure;

[0078] FIG13 is a distribution diagram of gap units corresponding to the first digital matrix of Example 4 of the present disclosure;

[0079] FIG14 is a first radiation pattern of the holographic antenna corresponding to the first digital matrix of Example 4 of the present disclosure;

[0080] FIG15 is a diagram of a second bandwidth modulation digital matrix according to Embodiment 4 of the present disclosure;

[0081] FIG16 is a diagram of a modified digital matrix according to Example 4 of the present disclosure;

[0082] FIG17 is a distribution diagram of gap units corresponding to the modified digital matrix of Example 4 of the present disclosure;

[0083] FIG18 is a final bandwidth modulation radiation pattern corresponding to the modified digital matrix of Example 4 of the present disclosure;

[0084] FIG19 is a structural block diagram of a holographic antenna beamforming system according to Embodiment 5 of the present disclosure;

[0085] FIG20 is a structural block diagram of a holographic antenna sidelobe beam cancellation system according to Example 6 of the present disclosure;

[0086] FIG21 is a structural block diagram of a holographic antenna multi-beamforming and design system according to Example 7 of the present disclosure;

[0087] FIG22 is a structural block diagram of a holographic antenna actual bandwidth modulation system according to Example 8 of the present disclosure;

[0088] FIG23 is a block diagram of the structure of the computer device of Example 9 of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0089] Example 1:

[0090] As shown in FIG1 , this embodiment provides a holographic antenna beamforming method, which includes the following steps:

[0091] S101: Obtain a preset beam pointing direction, a feeding structure, and multiple radiation units of a target holographic antenna.

[0092] The specific parameters of the target holographic antenna in this embodiment can be:

[0093] Center frequency 26GHz;

[0094] Operating frequency band 24.5GHz-27.5GHz;

[0095] Preset beam pointing: phi = 50 degrees, theta = 30 degrees;

[0096] Sidelobe beam pointing: phi = 50deg, theta = -25deg.

[0097] This embodiment also obtains the feeding structure and multiple radiation units of the target holographic antenna.

[0098] S102: Calculate a radiation field corresponding to a preset beam pointing direction, and perform interference calculation on the radiation field and the waveguide in the feeding structure to obtain a first holographic interference pattern.

[0099] This embodiment performs phase interference calculation on the radiation field (object wave) corresponding to the preset beam pointing and the guided wave (reference wave) in the feeding structure to obtain a first holographic interference pattern (first holographic antenna aperture field distribution); when the target holographic antenna uses the same guided wave feeding, it can achieve a target radiation pattern, which is the expected radiation pattern with the same preset beam pointing.

[0100] S103 . Discretize and quantize the first holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit to obtain a first discrete excitation intensity distribution.

[0101] In this embodiment, the first holographic interference pattern is discretized based on the position of each radiation unit, and the radiation unit is quantized according to the phase and position relationship according to formula (3). After the phase and position relationship are transformed by formula (3), they are normalized to the interval [-1, 1]. The specific steps are as follows:

[0102] S1031. Based on the two-dimensional array of the antenna radiation unit, calculate the guided wave phase difference φ1 of each radiation unit relative to the guided wave phase origin (generally preset to be the center of the antenna array).

[0103] S1032: Establish a spatial coordinate system with the center of the antenna array, and calculate the spatial distance p1 of each radiating element relative to the origin and the angle between the radiating element and the x-axis according to the position (x, y) of each radiating element in the coordinate plane. As shown in formulas (1) and (2) respectively:

[0104] S1033. Based on the existing parameters, the difference between the phase value of the coupled waveguide of each radiating unit and the phase of the radiation field directed by the preset beam is obtained, and the difference is converted to the interval [-1, 1]. The contribution of each radiating unit to the preset beam direction can be characterized by the first discrete excitation intensity in formula (3), as follows:

[0105] in, Represents the phase constant in free space, and the vector direction is the target radiation field direction. The polar coordinate vector representing the position of the radiation unit; φ1 represents the waveguide phase difference of the radiation unit relative to the reference waveguide phase origin; A1 represents the first discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit.

[0106] By analogy, the present embodiment can obtain the first discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit, that is, obtain the first discrete excitation intensity distribution on the radiation surface of the target holographic antenna.

[0107] S104 , performing threshold judgment on the first discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a first digital matrix.

[0108] In this embodiment, a preset threshold is set, and then a threshold decision is performed on the first discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit according to the preset threshold, thereby obtaining a first decision result of each radiation unit.

[0109] When the threshold is positive, the threshold decision formula is as follows:

[0110] When the threshold is negative, the threshold decision formula is as follows:

[0111] Wherein, T1 represents a threshold value, A1 represents a first discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit, A′1 represents a first judgment result of each radiation unit, 1 represents that the radiation unit is in a working state, and 0 represents that the radiation unit is in a non-working state.

[0112] The preset threshold in this embodiment is 0.28, so the first threshold decision formula is adopted, and each radiation unit repeatedly executes the threshold decision formula until the first decision result of each radiation unit is obtained, and the first digital matrix is ​​generated using the first decision result of each radiation unit.

[0113] In this embodiment, after all radiation points on the first holographic interference pattern are described by "0" and "1", the interference pattern can be described by a first digital matrix composed of 0 / 1, thereby forming a first digital holographic interference pattern.

[0114] S105. Obtain a first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna according to the first digital matrix.

[0115] According to the first digital matrix, the modeling and simulation of the target holographic antenna structure are guided to obtain a first radiation pattern.

[0116] The first digital matrix obtained in this embodiment is shown in FIG2 ; the gap unit distribution diagram corresponding to the first digital matrix is ​​shown in FIG3 ; the first radiation pattern of the holographic antenna corresponding to the first digital matrix is ​​shown in FIG4 .

[0117] Example 2:

[0118] As shown in FIG5 , this embodiment provides a method for canceling sidelobe beams of a holographic antenna, which includes the following steps:

[0119] S501. Select a target sidelobe according to a first radiation pattern of a target holographic antenna, obtain the sidelobe beam pointing direction of the target sidelobe, and obtain a feeding structure and a plurality of radiation units of the target holographic antenna.

[0120] As shown in FIG4 , this embodiment selects the target side lobe to be suppressed according to the first radiation pattern, and records the beam angle information of the target side lobe as the input value of the following steps; this embodiment also obtains the feeding structure and multiple radiation units of the target holographic antenna.

[0121] S502 , calculating a radiation field in which the side lobe beam points to the main beam and has an inverted phase, and performing interference calculation on the radiation field and the guided wave in the feeding structure to obtain a second holographic interference pattern.

[0122] In order to suppress the target side lobes, this embodiment derives a radiation field with the side lobe beam pointing as the main beam pointing and the phase being inverted, and performs phase interference calculation on the radiation field and the guided wave in the feeding structure to obtain a second holographic interference pattern (second holographic antenna aperture field distribution).

[0123] S503 : Based on the position of each radiation unit, discretize and quantize the second holographic interference pattern to obtain a second discrete excitation intensity distribution.

[0124] Step S503 of this embodiment is substantially the same as step S103 of the first embodiment. In this embodiment, the second discrete excitation intensity of the radiation unit is calculated and expressed as follows:

[0125] in, Represents the phase constant in free space, and the vector direction is the target radiation field direction. represents the polar coordinate vector of the position of the radiation unit, φ2 represents the waveguide phase difference of the radiation unit relative to the reference waveguide phase origin, and A2 represents the second discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit.

[0126] Finally, this embodiment can calculate the second discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit, that is, the second discrete excitation intensity distribution on the radiation surface of the target holographic antenna.

[0127] S504 , performing threshold judgment on the second discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second digital matrix.

[0128] Step S504 of this embodiment is substantially the same as step S104 of the first embodiment. In this embodiment, the second judgment result of the radiation unit is obtained, which is expressed as follows:

[0129] Wherein, T2 represents a threshold, A2 represents a second discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit, A′2 represents a second judgment result of each radiation unit, 1 represents that the radiation unit is in a working state, and 0 represents that the radiation unit is in a non-working state.

[0130] In this embodiment, the remaining radiation units repeatedly execute the above threshold decision formula until a second decision result of each radiation unit is obtained, and a second digital matrix is ​​generated using the second decision result of each radiation unit, as shown in FIG6 .

[0131] After all radiation points on the second holographic interference pattern in this embodiment are described by '0' and '1', the interference pattern can be described by a second digital matrix consisting of 0 / 1, thereby forming a second digital holographic interference pattern.

[0132] This embodiment can generate a second digital matrix with the same sidelobe beam pointing to the same direction and opposite phase as the first radiation pattern (original target pattern), and the second digital matrix can be used to control the working and non-working states of the radiation unit in the holographic antenna, so that the generated radiation field can offset the sidelobe energy outside the main beam radiation, thereby significantly reducing the sidelobe level.

[0133] S505 , performing a mathematical operation on the first digital matrix and the second digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix.

[0134] The first digital matrix in this embodiment can be obtained through Example 1.

[0135] In this embodiment, a logical "OR" operation is performed on the first digital matrix and the second digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix with a sidelobe suppression effect, as shown in the following formula: A'0 = A'1||A'2||A'3||...|A' n (8);

[0136] Wherein, A′0 represents the final decision result of each radiating unit in the corrected digital matrix, corresponding to the final radiation field; A′1 represents the first decision result of each radiating unit in the first digital matrix, corresponding to the main lobe radiation field pointed by the target beam; A′2 represents the second decision result of each radiating unit in the second digital matrix, corresponding to the first side lobe radiation field pointed by the target beam; A′3 represents the third decision result of each radiating unit in the third digital matrix, corresponding to the second side lobe radiation field pointed by the target beam; A′ n It represents the nth decision result of each radiation unit in the nth digital matrix, corresponding to the n-1th sidelobe radiation field pointed by the target beam.

[0137] S506 , achieving sidelobe beam cancellation of the target holographic antenna according to the corrected digital matrix, and simultaneously obtaining a second radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna.

[0138] According to the corrected digital matrix, the modeling and simulation of the target holographic antenna structure are guided to obtain the second radiation pattern.

[0139] The corrected digital matrix obtained in this embodiment is shown in FIG7 ; the gap unit distribution diagram corresponding to the corrected digital matrix is ​​shown in FIG8 ; the second radiation pattern of the holographic antenna corresponding to the corrected digital matrix is ​​shown in FIG9 .

[0140] Example 3:

[0141] As shown in FIG10 , this embodiment provides a holographic antenna multi-beamforming and design method. The method is mainly implemented using the holographic antenna sidelobe beam cancellation method of Example 2, and includes the following steps:

[0142] S1001. Based on the first beam radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, select a second beam radiation pattern, obtain the beam pointing direction of the second beam radiation pattern, and obtain the feeding structure and multiple radiation units of the target holographic antenna.

[0143] S1002: Calculate the radiation field with the beam pointing of the second beam radiation pattern as the main beam pointing, and perform interference calculation on the radiation field and the waveguide in the feeding structure to obtain a second beam pointing holographic interference pattern.

[0144] S1003 : Based on the position of each radiation unit, discretize and quantize the second beam pointing holographic interference pattern to obtain a second beam pointing discrete excitation intensity distribution.

[0145] S1004: Perform threshold judgment on the second beam pointing discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second beam pointing digital matrix.

[0146] S1005 , performing a logical “OR” operation on the first beam pointing digital matrix and the second beam pointing digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix.

[0147] S1006. Based on the corrected digital matrix, the multi-beam antenna shaping and design of the target holographic antenna are realized, and the multi-beam radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna is obtained.

[0148] It can be seen that step S1002 of this embodiment is "calculating the radiation field with the beam pointing of the second beam radiation pattern as the main beam pointing". Compared with step S502 of embodiment 2 "calculating the radiation field with the side lobe beam pointing as the main beam pointing and the phase being inverted", there is no need to perform a phase reversal operation.

[0149] Example 4:

[0150] As shown in FIG11 , this embodiment provides a method for modulating the actual bandwidth of a holographic antenna, the method comprising the following steps:

[0151] S1101. According to the first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, the preset beam pointing remains unchanged, a second bandwidth-modulated radiation pattern is selected, the preset beam pointing of the second bandwidth-modulated radiation pattern is obtained, and a feeding structure and a plurality of radiation units are obtained.

[0152] The specific parameters of the target holographic antenna in this embodiment can be:

[0153] Operating frequency band: 24.5GHz-27.5GHz;

[0154] Preset beam pointing: phi = 30 degrees, theta = 30 degrees;

[0155] The center frequency f0 of the first radiation pattern is 26.5 GHz;

[0156] The center frequency f1 of the second bandwidth modulation radiation pattern is 27 GHz.

[0157] According to the first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, the center frequency is f1 and the pattern bandwidth is [f1,f H1 To further expand the radiation pattern bandwidth, the preset beam pointing remains unchanged, and a second bandwidth-modulated radiation pattern with a center frequency of f2 is selected. The preset beam pointing of the second bandwidth-modulated radiation pattern is obtained, and a feed structure and multiple radiating elements are obtained.

[0158] As shown in FIG14 , this embodiment selects the frequency position of the radiation pattern bandwidth to be expanded according to the first radiation pattern, and records the relevant information of the frequency position as the input value of the following steps; this embodiment also obtains the feeding structure and multiple radiation units of the target holographic antenna.

[0159] S1102: Calculate the interference between the radiation field corresponding to the second bandwidth-modulated radiation pattern and the waveguide in the feeding structure to obtain a second bandwidth-modulated holographic interference pattern.

[0160] This embodiment derives the radiation field corresponding to the second bandwidth-modulated radiation pattern and performs interference calculation on the radiation field and the guided wave in the feed structure to obtain a second bandwidth-modulated holographic interference pattern (second bandwidth-modulated holographic antenna aperture field distribution). It should be noted that both the radiation field and the guided wave in the feed structure should be calculated with the center frequency f2.

[0161] S1103 . Discretize and quantize the second bandwidth-modulated holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit to obtain a second bandwidth-modulated discrete excitation intensity distribution.

[0162] Step S1103 is basically the same as step S103. In this embodiment, the second bandwidth-modulated discrete excitation intensity of the radiating unit is calculated and expressed as follows:

[0163] in, Represents the phase constant in free space, and the vector direction is the target radiation field direction. The polar coordinate vector representing the position of the radiating element, φ B2 represents the waveguide phase difference of the radiation unit relative to the waveguide phase origin, and B2 represents the second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit.

[0164] Finally, this embodiment can calculate the second bandwidth-modulated discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit, that is, the second bandwidth-modulated discrete excitation intensity distribution on the radiation surface of the target holographic antenna.

[0165] S1104 , performing threshold judgment on the second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second bandwidth modulation digital matrix.

[0166] Step S1104 is substantially the same as step S104. In this embodiment, the second bandwidth modulation determination result of the radiating unit is obtained by determination, which is expressed as follows:

[0167] Among them, T B2represents the threshold, B2 represents the second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity of each radiating unit, B′2 represents the second bandwidth modulation decision result of each radiating unit, 1 represents that the radiating unit is in working state, and 0 represents that the radiating unit is in non-working state.

[0168] In this embodiment, the remaining radiating units repeatedly execute the above threshold decision formula until the second bandwidth modulation decision result of each radiating unit is obtained, and the second bandwidth modulation digital matrix is ​​generated using the second bandwidth modulation decision result of each radiating unit.

[0169] After all radiation points on the second bandwidth-modulated holographic interference pattern in this embodiment are described by "0" and "1", the interference pattern can be described by a second bandwidth-modulated digital matrix composed of 0 / 1, thereby forming a second bandwidth-modulated digital holographic interference pattern.

[0170] This embodiment can generate a second bandwidth-modulated digital matrix with the same beam direction as the first radiation pattern (original target pattern) but a different center frequency. The second bandwidth-modulated digital matrix can control the working and non-working states of the radiation unit in the holographic antenna, so that the generated radiation field can achieve shaping optimization at the frequency point where the shaping is poor in the first radiation pattern, thereby expanding the pattern bandwidth in the direction of the target beam.

[0171] S1105 , performing mathematical operations on the first digital matrix and the second bandwidth modulation digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix.

[0172] The first digital matrix in this embodiment can be obtained using the holographic antenna beamforming method shown in FIG1 . In this embodiment, the preset threshold is 0.5. The resulting first digital matrix is ​​shown in FIG12 , and the corresponding slot unit distribution diagram is shown in FIG13 . The second bandwidth modulated digital matrix can be obtained using S1104 , with the preset threshold being 0.5, as shown in FIG15 .

[0173] In this embodiment, a logical AND operation is performed on the first digital matrix and the second bandwidth modulation digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix with the function of expanding the directional pattern bandwidth, as shown in the following formula:

[0174] B′0=B1′&&B′2&&B′3&&…&&B n ' n (11);

[0175] Among them, B′0 represents the final decision result of each radiating element in the modified digital matrix after bandwidth modulation, corresponding to the final radiation field; B11 represents the decision result of each radiating element in the first digital matrix, corresponding to the center frequency f1, and the pattern bandwidth [f L1 ,f H1] target radiation field; B′2 represents the decision result of each radiation unit in the second bandwidth modulation digital matrix, the corresponding center frequency is f2, and the pattern bandwidth is [f L2 ,f H2 ] target radiation field; B′3 represents the decision result of each radiation unit in the third bandwidth modulation digital matrix, the corresponding center frequency is f3, and the pattern bandwidth is [f L3 ,f H3 ] target radiation field; B n ' n Indicates the decision result of each radiation unit in the nth bandwidth modulation digital matrix, corresponding to the center frequency f n , the pattern bandwidth is [f Ln ,f Hn ]'s target radiation field.

[0176] S1106. According to the corrected digital matrix, bandwidth expansion of the target holographic antenna's pattern is achieved, and a final bandwidth-modulated radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna is obtained.

[0177] According to the corrected digital matrix, the modeling and simulation of the target holographic antenna structure are guided to obtain the final bandwidth-modulated radiation pattern. The corrected digital matrix obtained in this embodiment is shown in Figure 16; the distribution diagram of the slot elements corresponding to the corrected digital matrix is ​​shown in Figure 17; and the final bandwidth-modulated radiation pattern of the holographic antenna corresponding to the corrected digital matrix is ​​shown in Figure 18. After bandwidth modulation, it can be found that the bandwidth of the pattern pointing to the target beam is widened from 25.7-26.9GHz to 25.7-27.2GHz, and the sidelobe ratio is optimized from the original -10dB to -10.4dB.

[0178] It should be noted that although the method operations of the above embodiments are described in a particular order in the accompanying drawings, this does not require or imply that the operations must be performed in this particular order, or that all of the illustrated operations must be performed to achieve the desired results. Rather, the depicted steps may be performed in a different order. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into a single step, and / or a single step may be broken down into multiple steps.

[0179] Example 5:

[0180] As shown in FIG19 , this embodiment provides a holographic antenna beamforming system. The system includes a first acquisition unit 1901, a first calculation unit 1902, a first processing unit 1903, a first decision unit 1904, and a first beamforming unit 1905. The specific functions of each unit are as follows:

[0181] A first acquisition unit 1901 is configured to acquire a preset beam pointing direction, a feeding structure, and multiple radiation units of a target holographic antenna;

[0182] A first calculation unit 1902 is configured to calculate a radiation field corresponding to a preset beam pointing direction, and perform interference calculation on the radiation field and the guided wave in the feeding structure to obtain a first holographic interference pattern;

[0183] A first processing unit 1903 is configured to discretize and quantize the first holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit to obtain a first discrete excitation intensity distribution;

[0184] A first decision unit 1904 is configured to perform a threshold decision on the first discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a first digital matrix;

[0185] The first shaping unit 1905 is configured to obtain a first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna according to the first digital matrix.

[0186] Example 6:

[0187] As shown in FIG20 , this embodiment provides a holographic antenna sidelobe beam cancellation system, which includes a second acquisition unit 2001, a second calculation unit 2002, a second processing unit 2003, a second decision unit 2004, a first matrix operation unit 2005, and a second shaping unit 2006. The specific functions of each unit are as follows:

[0188] The second acquisition unit 2001 is configured to select a target sidelobe according to the first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, obtain the sidelobe beam pointing direction of the target sidelobe, and obtain the feeding structure and multiple radiating elements of the target holographic antenna;

[0189] The second calculation unit 2002 is configured to calculate a radiation field in which the side lobe beam is pointed in the same direction as the main beam and has an inverted phase, and perform interference calculation on the radiation field and the guided wave in the feeding structure to obtain a second holographic interference pattern.

[0190] A second processing unit 2003 is configured to discretize and quantize the second holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit to obtain a second discrete excitation intensity distribution;

[0191] A second decision unit 2004 is configured to perform a threshold decision on the second discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second digital matrix;

[0192] The first matrix operation unit 2005 is used to perform mathematical operations on the first digital matrix and the second digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix;

[0193] The second shaping unit 2006 is used to achieve sidelobe beam cancellation of the target holographic antenna according to the modified digital matrix, and simultaneously obtain a second radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna.

[0194] Example 7:

[0195] As shown in FIG21 , this embodiment provides a holographic antenna multi-beamforming and design system, which includes a third acquisition unit 2101, a third calculation unit 2102, a third processing unit 2103, a third decision unit 2104, a second matrix operation unit 2105, and a third shaping unit 2106. The specific functions of each unit are as follows:

[0196] The third acquisition unit 2101 is configured to select a second beam radiation pattern based on the first beam radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, obtain a beam pointing direction of the second beam radiation pattern, and obtain a feeding structure and a plurality of radiating elements of the target holographic antenna;

[0197] The third calculation unit 2102 is configured to calculate a radiation field with the beam pointing direction of the second beam radiation pattern as the main beam pointing direction, and perform interference calculation on the radiation field and the guided wave in the feeding structure to obtain a second beam pointing holographic interference pattern;

[0198] The third processing unit 2103 is configured to discretize and quantize the second beam pointing holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit to obtain a second beam pointing discrete excitation intensity distribution;

[0199] The third decision unit 2104 is configured to perform a threshold decision on the second beam pointing discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second beam pointing digital matrix;

[0200] The second matrix operation unit 2105 is configured to perform a logical OR operation on the first beam pointing digital matrix and the second beam pointing digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix;

[0201] The third shaping unit 2106 is used to implement multi-beam antenna shaping and design of the target holographic antenna according to the modified digital matrix, and simultaneously obtain the multi-beam radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna.

[0202] Example 8:

[0203] As shown in FIG22 , this embodiment provides a holographic antenna actual bandwidth modulation system, which includes a fourth acquisition unit 2201, a fourth calculation unit 2202, a fourth processing unit 2203, a fourth decision unit 2204, a third matrix operation unit 2205, and a fourth shaping unit 2206. The specific functions of each unit are as follows:

[0204] The fourth acquisition unit 2201 is configured to select a second bandwidth-modulated radiation pattern according to the first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, obtain a preset beam pointing direction of the second bandwidth-modulated radiation pattern, and obtain a feeding structure and a plurality of radiating elements.

[0205] The fourth calculation unit 2202 is configured to calculate a radiation field corresponding to the second bandwidth-modulated radiation pattern, and perform interference calculation on the radiation field and the guided wave in the feeding structure to obtain a second bandwidth-modulated holographic interference pattern.

[0206] The fourth processing unit 2203 is configured to discretize and quantize the second bandwidth-modulated holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit to obtain a second bandwidth-modulated discrete excitation intensity distribution;

[0207] A fourth decision unit 2204 is configured to perform a threshold decision on the second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second bandwidth modulation digital matrix;

[0208] The third matrix operation unit 2205 is used to perform mathematical operations on the first digital matrix and the second bandwidth modulation digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix;

[0209] The fourth shaping unit 2206 is used to achieve bandwidth broadening of the target holographic antenna's pattern according to the modified digital matrix, and simultaneously obtain the final bandwidth-modulated radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna.

[0210] Example 9:

[0211] As shown in FIG23 , this embodiment provides a computer device, which includes a processor 2302, a memory, an input device 2303, a display device 2304, and a network interface 2305 connected via a system bus 2301. The processor is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory includes a non-volatile storage medium 2306 and an internal memory 2307. The non-volatile storage medium 2306 stores an operating system, a computer program, and a database. The internal memory 2307 provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. When the processor 2302 executes the computer program stored in the memory, it implements the holographic antenna beamforming method described in the aforementioned embodiment, or implements the holographic antenna sidelobe beam cancellation method described in the aforementioned embodiment, or implements the holographic antenna multi-beamforming and design method described in the aforementioned embodiment, or implements the holographic antenna actual bandwidth modulation method described in the aforementioned embodiment.

[0212] Example 10:

[0213] This embodiment provides a storage medium, which is a computer-readable storage medium and stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the holographic antenna beamforming method as described in the aforementioned embodiment, or implements the holographic antenna sidelobe beam cancellation method as described in the aforementioned embodiment, or implements the holographic antenna multi-beamforming and design method as described in the aforementioned embodiment, or implements the holographic antenna actual bandwidth modulation method as described in the aforementioned embodiment.

[0214] It should be noted that the computer-readable storage medium of the present embodiment may be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium or any combination thereof. The computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device, or component, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to, an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0215] In this embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. Furthermore, in this embodiment, a computer-readable signal medium may include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, which carries a computer-readable program. This propagated data signal may take a variety of forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer-readable signal medium may also be any computer-readable storage medium other than a computer-readable storage medium that can transmit, propagate, or transfer a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The computer program contained on a computer-readable storage medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to wires, optical cables, RF (radio frequency), etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0216] The computer readable storage medium can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof to execute the computer program for performing the present embodiment, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Python, C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as C or similar programming languages. The program can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a separate software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or can be connected to an external computer (for example, using an Internet service provider to connect via the Internet).

[0217] The embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a computer program product, comprising computer-readable instructions, wherein when the computer-readable instructions are executed by a processor, the processor implements the holographic antenna beamforming method as described in the aforementioned embodiments, or implements the holographic antenna sidelobe beam cancellation method as described in the aforementioned embodiments, or implements the holographic antenna multi-beamforming and design method as described in the aforementioned embodiments, or implements the holographic antenna actual bandwidth modulation method as described in the aforementioned embodiments.

[0218] In summary, the present disclosure only requires the use of a simple control circuit (such as a PIN diode as an RF switch) to achieve continuous adjustment of the state of the holographic antenna radiating unit, overcoming the shortcomings of overly complex control circuits and high debugging costs. In addition, firstly, the present disclosure can control the working and non-working states of the holographic antenna radiating unit, so that the generated radiation field cancels out the sidelobe energy outside the main beam radiation, significantly reducing the sidelobe level; secondly, the present disclosure can expand the directional pattern bandwidth of the generated radiation field by controlling the working state of the holographic antenna radiating unit.

[0219] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes within the scope disclosed by the present invention based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A holographic antenna beamforming method, the method comprising: Obtaining a preset beam pointing, a feeding structure, and a plurality of radiating elements of a target holographic antenna; Calculating a radiation field corresponding to the preset beam pointing, and performing interference calculation on the radiation field and the waveguide in the feeding structure to obtain a first holographic interference pattern; Based on the position of each radiation unit, the first holographic interference pattern is discretized and quantized to obtain a first discrete excitation intensity distribution; Performing threshold judgment on the first discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a first digital matrix; According to the first digital matrix, a first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna is obtained.

2. According to the holographic antenna beamforming method of claim 1, the discretization and quantization processing of the first holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit to obtain the first discrete excitation intensity distribution specifically includes: Based on the two-dimensional array of the antenna radiation unit, the waveguide phase difference value of each radiation unit relative to the reference waveguide phase origin is calculated; A spatial coordinate system is established with the center of the antenna array, and according to the position of each radiating element in the coordinate plane, the spatial distance of the radiating element relative to the origin and the angle between the radiating element and the x-axis or y-axis are calculated; According to the waveguide phase difference, the spatial distance and the angle, the first discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit is calculated as follows: in, represents the phase constant in free space, and the vector direction is the target radiation field direction. The polar coordinate vector representing the position of the radiation unit; φ1 represents the waveguide phase difference of the radiation unit relative to the reference waveguide phase origin; A1 represents the first discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit; A first discrete excitation intensity distribution is obtained according to the first discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit.

3. The holographic antenna beamforming method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the step of performing threshold determination on the first discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain the first digital matrix specifically comprises: Performing a threshold decision on the first discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit to obtain a first decision result of each radiation unit; When the threshold is a positive value, the threshold decision formula is as follows: When the threshold is negative, the threshold decision formula is as follows: Wherein, T1 represents a threshold value, A1 represents a first discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit, A′1 represents a first judgment result of each radiation unit, 1 represents that the radiation unit is in a working state, and 0 represents that the radiation unit is in a non-working state; A first digital matrix is ​​constructed according to the first decision result of each radiation unit.

4. A method for canceling sidelobe beams of a holographic antenna, the method comprising: According to the first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, a target side lobe is selected, and the side lobe beam pointing of the target side lobe is obtained, and a feeding structure and a plurality of radiation units of the target holographic antenna are obtained; Calculating a radiation field in which the side lobe beam is pointed to the main beam and the phase is inverted, and performing interference calculation on the radiation field and the waveguide in the feeding structure to obtain a second holographic interference pattern; Based on the position of each radiation unit, the second holographic interference pattern is discretized and quantized to obtain a second discrete excitation intensity distribution; Performing threshold judgment on the second discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second digital matrix; Performing mathematical operations on the first digital matrix and the second digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix; According to the corrected digital matrix, the sidelobe beam cancellation of the target holographic antenna is realized, and the second radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna is obtained; The first digital matrix is ​​determined by: Calculate the interference between the main lobe radiation field corresponding to the first radiation pattern and the guided wave in the feeding structure to obtain a first holographic interference pattern; Based on the position of each radiation unit, the first holographic interference pattern is discretized and quantized to obtain a first discrete excitation intensity distribution; A threshold decision is performed on the first discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a first digital matrix.

5. According to the holographic antenna sidelobe beam cancellation method of claim 4, the second holographic interference pattern is discretized and quantized based on the position of each radiation unit to obtain a second discrete excitation intensity distribution, specifically comprising: Based on the two-dimensional array of the antenna radiation unit, the waveguide phase difference value of each radiation unit relative to the reference waveguide phase origin is calculated; A spatial coordinate system is established with the center of the antenna array, and according to the position of each radiating element in the coordinate plane, the spatial distance of the radiating element relative to the origin and the angle between the radiating element and the x-axis or y-axis are calculated; According to the waveguide phase difference value, the spatial distance and the angle, the second discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit is calculated as follows: in, represents the phase constant in free space, and the vector direction is the target radiation field direction. A polar coordinate vector representing the position of the radiation unit, φ2 representing the waveguide phase difference of the radiation unit relative to the reference waveguide phase origin, and A2 representing the second discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit; A second discrete excitation intensity distribution is obtained according to the second discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit.

6. The holographic antenna sidelobe beam cancellation method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the step of performing threshold determination on the second discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain the second digital matrix specifically comprises: A threshold decision is performed on the second discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit to obtain a second decision result of each radiation unit, as shown in the following formula: Wherein, T2 represents the threshold value, A2 represents the second discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit, and A′2 represents the second judgment intensity of each radiation unit. The result of the decision is 1, which means the radiation unit is in working state, and 0, which means the radiation unit is in non-working state. A second digital matrix is ​​constructed according to the second decision result of each radiation unit.

7. According to any one of claims 4 to 6, the method for cancelling the sidelobe beam of a holographic antenna, wherein the first digital matrix and the second digital matrix are subjected to mathematical operation to obtain a modified digital matrix, specifically comprising: A logical "OR" operation is performed on the first digital matrix and the second digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix with sidelobe suppression effect, as shown in the following formula: A′0=A′1‖A′2‖A′3‖…‖A′ n ; Wherein, A′0 represents the final decision result of each radiation unit in the modified digital matrix, corresponding to the final radiation field; A′1 represents the first decision result of each radiation unit in the first digital matrix, corresponding to the main lobe radiation field pointed by the target beam; A′2 represents the second decision result of each radiation unit in the second digital matrix, corresponding to the first side lobe radiation field pointed by the target beam; A′3 represents the third decision result of each radiation unit in the third digital matrix, corresponding to the second side lobe radiation field pointed by the target beam; A′ n Indicates the nth decision result of each radiation unit in the nth digital matrix, corresponding to the n-1th sidelobe radiation field pointed by the target beam; The method of achieving sidelobe beam cancellation of the target holographic antenna according to the modified digital matrix specifically includes: shaping according to the final decision result in the modified digital matrix to weaken or even eliminate the first to nth side lobes of the target radiation field.

8. A holographic antenna multi-beamforming and design method, the method comprising: Based on the first beam radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, a second beam radiation pattern is selected, and the beam pointing of the second beam radiation pattern is obtained, and a feeding structure and a plurality of radiation units of the target holographic antenna are obtained; Calculating a radiation field directed by the main beam with the beam direction of the second beam radiation pattern, and calculating interference between the radiation field and the waveguide in the feeding structure to obtain a second beam directed holographic interference pattern; Based on the position of each radiation unit, the second beam pointing holographic interference pattern is discretized and quantized to obtain a second beam pointing discrete excitation intensity distribution; Performing a threshold decision on the second beam pointing discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second beam pointing digital matrix; Performing a logical "OR" operation on the first beam pointing digital matrix and the second beam pointing digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix; According to the modified digital matrix, the multi-beam antenna shaping and design of the target holographic antenna are realized, and the multi-beam radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna is obtained at the same time; The first beam pointing digital matrix is ​​determined by: Calculate the interference between the first beam radiation field corresponding to the first beam radiation pattern and the waveguide in the feeding structure to obtain a first holographic interference pattern; Based on the position of each radiation unit, the first holographic interference pattern is discretized and quantized to obtain a first discrete excitation intensity distribution; A threshold decision is performed on the first discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a first beam pointing digital matrix.

9. A method for modulating the actual bandwidth of a holographic antenna, the method comprising: According to the first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, the preset beam pointing remains unchanged, a second bandwidth modulation radiation pattern is selected, the preset beam pointing of the second bandwidth modulation radiation pattern is obtained, and a feeding structure and a plurality of radiation units are obtained; Calculate the interference between the radiation field corresponding to the second bandwidth modulation radiation pattern and the waveguide in the feeding structure to obtain a second bandwidth modulation holographic interference pattern; Based on the position of each radiation unit, the second bandwidth modulated holographic interference pattern is discretized and quantized to obtain a second bandwidth modulated discrete excitation intensity distribution; Performing threshold judgment on the second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second bandwidth modulation digital matrix; Performing mathematical operations on the first digital matrix and the second bandwidth modulation digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix; According to the corrected digital matrix, the bandwidth expansion of the target holographic antenna's pattern is achieved, and the final bandwidth-modulated radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna is obtained at the same time; The first digital matrix is ​​determined by: The bandwidth modulated basic radiation field corresponding to the first radiation pattern is interfered with the waveguide in the feeding structure to obtain a first holographic interference pattern; Based on the position of each radiation unit, the first holographic interference pattern is discretized and quantized to obtain a first discrete excitation intensity distribution; A threshold decision is performed on the first discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a first digital matrix.

10. The actual bandwidth modulation method of the holographic antenna according to claim 9, wherein the second bandwidth modulation holographic interference pattern is discretized and quantized based on the position of each radiation unit to obtain the second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity distribution, specifically comprising: Based on the two-dimensional array of the antenna radiation unit, the waveguide phase difference value of each radiation unit relative to the reference waveguide phase origin is calculated; A spatial coordinate system is established with the center of the antenna array, and according to the position of each radiating element in the coordinate plane, the spatial distance of the radiating element relative to the origin and the angle between the radiating element and the x-axis or y-axis are calculated; According to the waveguide phase difference value, the spatial distance and the angle, the second bandwidth modulated discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit is calculated as follows: in, represents the phase constant in free space, and the vector direction is the target radiation field direction. The polar coordinate vector representing the location of the radiating element, φ B2 represents the waveguide phase difference of the radiation unit relative to the reference waveguide phase origin, and B2 represents the second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit; A second bandwidth-modulated discrete excitation intensity distribution is obtained according to the second bandwidth-modulated discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit.

11. The actual bandwidth modulation method for holographic antenna according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the step of performing threshold judgment on the second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain the second bandwidth modulation digital matrix specifically comprises: A threshold decision is performed on the second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit to obtain a second bandwidth modulation decision result of each radiation unit, as shown in the following formula: Among them, T B2 represents the threshold, B2 represents the discrete excitation intensity of the second bandwidth modulation of each radiating unit, B′2 represents the second bandwidth modulation decision result of each radiating unit, 1 represents that the radiating unit is in a working state, and 0 represents that the radiating unit is in a non-working state; A second bandwidth modulation digital matrix is ​​constructed according to the second bandwidth modulation decision result of each radiation unit.

12. The actual bandwidth modulation method for a holographic antenna according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the mathematical operation of the first digital matrix and the second bandwidth modulation digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix specifically comprises: A logical "AND" operation is performed on the first digital matrix and the second bandwidth modulation digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix with the function of expanding the directional pattern bandwidth, as shown in the following formula: B′0=B′1&&B′2&&B′3&&…&&B′ n ; Among them, B′0 represents the final decision result of each radiating unit in the modified digital matrix after bandwidth modulation, corresponding to the final radiation field; B1′ represents the decision result of each radiating unit in the first digital matrix, corresponding to the center frequency point f1, and the directional pattern bandwidth is [f L1 ,f H1 ] target radiation field; B′2 represents the decision result of each radiation unit in the second bandwidth modulation digital matrix, the corresponding center frequency is f2, and the directional pattern bandwidth is [f L2 ,f H2 ] target radiation field; B′3 represents the decision result of each radiation unit in the third bandwidth modulation digital matrix, the corresponding center frequency is f3, and the directional pattern bandwidth is [f L3 ,f H3 ] target radiation field; B′ n Represents the decision result of each radiating unit in the nth bandwidth modulation digital matrix, corresponding to the center frequency f n , the pattern bandwidth is [f Ln ,f Hn ]’s target radiation field.

13. A holographic antenna beamforming system, the system comprising: A first acquisition unit, used to acquire a preset beam pointing, a feeding structure and a plurality of radiation units of a target holographic antenna; A first calculation unit is used to calculate a radiation field corresponding to a preset beam pointing direction, and perform interference calculation on the radiation field and a waveguide in a feeding structure to obtain a first holographic interference pattern; A first processing unit, configured to discretize and quantize the first holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit to obtain a first discrete excitation intensity distribution; A first decision unit, configured to perform a threshold decision on the first discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a first digital matrix; The first shaping unit is used to obtain a first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna according to the first digital matrix.

14. A holographic antenna sidelobe beam cancellation system, the system comprising: A second acquisition unit is used to select a target side lobe according to the first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, obtain the side lobe beam pointing of the target side lobe, and obtain the feeding structure and multiple radiation units of the target holographic antenna; A second calculation unit is used to calculate a radiation field in which the side lobe beam is pointed to the main beam and the phase is inverted, and to perform interference calculation on the radiation field and the waveguide in the feeding structure to obtain a second holographic interference pattern; A second processing unit, configured to discretize and quantize the second holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit, thereby obtaining a second discrete excitation intensity distribution; A second decision unit, used for performing a threshold decision on the second discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second digital matrix; A first matrix operation unit, used for performing mathematical operations on the first digital matrix and the second digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix; The second shaping unit is used to achieve sidelobe beam cancellation of the target holographic antenna according to the corrected digital matrix, and simultaneously obtain a second radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna.

15. A holographic antenna multi-beamforming and design system, the system comprising: A third acquisition unit is used to select a second beam radiation pattern based on the first beam radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, obtain the beam pointing direction of the second beam radiation pattern, and obtain a feeding structure and a plurality of radiation units of the target holographic antenna; A third calculation unit is used to calculate a radiation field with the beam pointing of the second beam radiation pattern as the main beam pointing, and to perform interference calculation on the radiation field and the waveguide in the feeding structure to obtain a second beam pointing holographic interference pattern; A third processing unit is used to discretize and quantize the second beam pointing holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit to obtain a second beam pointing discrete excitation intensity distribution; A third decision unit is used to perform a threshold decision on the second beam pointing discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second beam pointing digital matrix; A second matrix operation unit is used to perform a logical "OR" operation on the first beam pointing digital matrix and the second beam pointing digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix; The third shaping unit is used to realize the multi-beam antenna shaping and design of the target holographic antenna according to the modified digital matrix, and simultaneously obtain the multi-beam radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna.

16. A holographic antenna actual bandwidth modulation system, the system comprising: A fourth acquisition unit is used to select a second bandwidth-modulated radiation pattern according to the first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, obtain a preset beam pointing direction of the second bandwidth-modulated radiation pattern, and obtain a feeding structure and a plurality of radiation units; a fourth calculation unit, configured to calculate a radiation field corresponding to the second bandwidth modulated radiation pattern, and perform interference calculation on the radiation field and the waveguide in the feeding structure to obtain a second bandwidth modulated holographic interference pattern; a fourth processing unit, configured to discretize and quantize the second bandwidth-modulated holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit, thereby obtaining a second bandwidth-modulated discrete excitation intensity distribution; A fourth decision unit, configured to perform a threshold decision on the second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second bandwidth modulation digital matrix; A third matrix operation unit is used to perform mathematical operations on the first digital matrix and the second bandwidth modulation digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix; The fourth shaping unit is used to achieve bandwidth broadening of the target holographic antenna's pattern according to the modified digital matrix, and simultaneously obtain the final bandwidth-modulated radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna.

17. A computer device, comprising a processor and a memory for storing a program executable by the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program stored in the memory, the holographic antenna beamforming method described in any one of claims 1 to 3 is implemented, or the holographic antenna sidelobe beam cancellation method described in any one of claims 4 to 7 is implemented, or the holographic antenna multi-beamforming and design method described in claim 8 is implemented, or the holographic antenna actual bandwidth modulation method described in any one of claims 9 to 12 is implemented.

18. A storage medium storing a program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the holographic antenna beamforming method described in any one of claims 1 to 3, or the holographic antenna sidelobe beam cancellation method described in any one of claims 4 to 7, or the holographic antenna multi-beamforming and design method described in claim 8, or the holographic antenna actual bandwidth modulation method described in any one of claims 9 to 12.

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