A movement mechanism, in particular for an external vision element for a vehicle

Abstract

A movement mechanism (1), in particular for an external vision element for a vehicle The disclosure relates to a movement mechanism (1), comprising a hinge construction (3) having a first member (5) and a second member (6) which are hingedly connected with at least one degree of rotational freedom, and a housing shell (4) that at least partially surrounds the hinge construction (3), wherein the housing shell (3) is connected to the second member (6) of the hinge construction (3) via mating coupling parts.

Description

[0001] Title: A movement mechanism, in particular for an external vision element for a vehicle

[0002] FIELD

[0003] The invention relates to a movement mechanism, in particular for adjusting an orientation of a vision element, such as an external rear view mirror, display or camera, of a vehicle.

[0004] BACKGROUND

[0005] Movement mechanisms are well known. They have many uses, including adjusting an orientation of an external vision element, such as an external rear view mirror, display or camera, of a vehicle. Other uses are e.g. camera or display mounts, and adjustable supports. Movement mechanisms may comprise a hinge construction having a first member and a second member which are hingedly connected with at least one degree of rotational freedom, and a housing shell that at least partially surrounds the hinge construction. The first member may typically be embodied as a stationary base part, and may be connected to the body of a vehicle, e.g. to a door bracket of the vehicle. The second member may then typically be embodied as a moveable outgoing part. The housing shell may typically be connected to the second member by screws. The housing shell may carry or include the external vision element, e.g. an external side view mirror that forms part of the outside of the housing shell, so that it is adjustable relative to the base together with the housing. The housing shell may typically serve to enclose the hinge construction and components of the external vision element, e.g. electronics used for performing functions of the external vision element, e.g. powered actuation, electro chrome dimming, heating, ultrasonic cleaning, signaling, blind spot detection, etc. Such enclosing may serve to protect the hinge construction and components from outside influences, to protect road users from direct impact with the hinge construction, to improve aerodynamics and / or to provide the external vision element with an esthetically attractive shape.

[0006] The hinge construction of the movement mechanism may be configured to adjust an orientation of the vision element relative to the vehicle, typically about a horizontal and a vertical axis, such that a driver of the vehicle can fine-tune its rearward field of view. The movement mechanism may further be configured to adjust the external vision unit between a folded position, or park position, in which the housing shell substantially extends parallel to the vehicle, and an extended position in which the housing shell extends substantially outward from the vehicle.

[0007] An example of such movement mechanism is described in EP32 18226, where the adjustment of the vision element is driven by two separate electromotors to actuate two stacked degrees of rotational freedom of the hinge construction; a first one for adjustment about the vertical axis and a second one for adjustment about the horizontal axis. To allow for shell shaped housings of various shapes and designs to be mounted to the movement mechanism, the second member is embodied as a box shaped bracket, to which the housing shell typically is mounted in parts using screws.

[0008] A disadvantage of known movement mechanism is that the connection to the housing shell is relatively complex to carry out, takes up relatively much space, which causes the housing shell to be relatively voluminous and large in aerodynamic cross section, and which limits design freedom and the range of angular adjustment of the housing shell.

[0009] SUMMARY

[0010] It is an aim to provide an adjustment device that ameliorates one or more of the above-mentioned disadvantages. In particular, the invention aims to simplify connection of the second element to the housing shell, reduce the space taken up by the connection, and to allow reduction of the volume and aerodynamic cross section, increase of design freedom and / or the range of angular adjustment of the housing shell.

[0011] According to an aspect, the invention hereto provides a movement mechanism, comprising a hinge construction having a first member and a second member which are hingedly connected with at least one degree of rotational freedom, and a housing shell that at least partially surrounds the hinge construction, wherein the housing shell is connected to the second member of the hinge construction via mating coupling parts. By providing mating coupling parts, no auxiliary coupling element such as a screw needs to be used. This not only allows simplification of carrying out the connection to the housing shell, it also allows the amount of space that is taken up to be reduced, which allows the housing shell to be relatively small in volume and aerodynamic cross section, and which increases design freedom and the range of angular adjustment of the housing shell. The coupling parts may be engaged in a toolless operation, i.e. engagement of the coupling parts may be carried out by movement of the coupling pieces relative to each other, e.g. manual movement. The mating coupling parts may be arranged as a releasable coupling, e.g. a screw coupling. This allows the housing shell to be detached from the hinge construction relatively easily, which facilitates repair or replacement. As an alternative, the coupling parts may be arranged as a one way coupling, e.g. a click coupling. It is observed that within the context of this patent application the expression that the housing shell may in use partially surround is meant to include that the housing shell extends peripherally about the hinge construction. The housing shell may fully encircle the hinge construction, and may also fully enclose it, but it may also leave it partially open. The housing shell may carry or include the external vision element, e.g. an external side view mirror that forms part of the outside of the housing shell, so that it is adjustable relative to the base together with the housing. The housing shell may enclose the hinge construction and components of the external vision element, e.g. electronics used for performing functions of the external vision element, e.g. powered actuation, electro chrome dimming, heating, ultrasonic cleaning, signaling, blind spot detection, etc. The housing shell may include a vision element, e.g. a mirror glass, display and / or camera. The housing shell may typically serve to enclose the hinge construction and components of the external vision element, e.g. electronics used for performing functions of the external vision element, e.g. powered actuation, electro chrome dimming, heating, ultrasonic cleaning, signaling, blind spot detection, etc.

[0012] FURTHER ASPECTS

[0013] When the second member carries a first coupling part of the mating coupling parts, and when the housing carries a second coupling part of the mating coupling parts, a compact construction may be achieved relatively easily. This is in particular the case when the housing shell is directly connected to the second member.

[0014] When the coupling parts form an insertion coupling, a rotation coupling or an insertion-rotation coupling, the compactness of the coupling and the ease of coupling may be enhanced. The coupling parts may be engaged by insertion into each other, e.g. along a main axis of the movement mechanism, and / or by rotation about a main axis shaft of the movement mechanism.

[0015] When at least one of the coupling parts of the coupling is substantially ring shaped the compactness of the coupling and the ease of coupling may be enhanced further. The ring shaped coupling part may then e.g. surround a central shaft of the movement mechanism. The ring shaped coupling part and / or its mating coupling part may be provided with deformable centering ribs to facilitate centering during axial insertion and to reduce radial play. The mating coupling parts may also be arranged to mate sealingly, e.g. so as to provide a barrier against ingress of dust or moisture into the area enclosed by the housing shell.

[0016] When the movement mechanism the coupling parts form a bayonet coupling, a particularly stable connection may be achieved with ease. As an alternative, the coupling parts may e.g. form a screw-in, push-pull, or snap- on coupling.

[0017] When the coupling parts are spring loaded in coupled condition, play and relaxation may be counteracted. This facilitates the use of coupling parts that include components of plastics material. The spring load may e.g. be applied by a metal spring.

[0018] When the hinge construction is arranged to provide two stacked degrees of rotational freedom, each about single rotation axis, a well-defined and stable adjustment may be obtained. The hinge construction may then e.g. be arranged to pivot (e.g. about upright axis) and tilt (e.g. transverse to the upright axis). In case of an adjustment instrument for an external rearview device for motor vehicle, e.g. of which the door first element is mounted to a door near the A pillar, such pivoting or movement may be used for angular displacement in a folding operation between a folded-in or park position, and a folded-our or drive position. The pivoting movement may alternatively or in addition be used for fine adjustment of the field of view about upright axis. The tilting movement may be used for fine adjustment of the field of view about a transverse axis.

[0019] When the first member includes a central shaft of the movement mechanism, a main axis of the central shaft may form a hinge axis of the hinge construction. The second member and the housing shell may then be hingedly connected about the central shaft with a first degree of rotational freedom, in particular an upright axis. The central shaft may include a stationary base flange to be connected to a body of the vehicle, or may be connectable to a stationary base part, e.g. a mounting bracket provided on the body of the vehicle. When the first member comprises a base portion it may be mounted to an object relatively easily, e.g. to a body of a vehicle.

[0020] When the hinge construction includes at least one actuator to provide at least one actuated degree of freedom, the movement mechanism may be used for powered adjustment. Such actuator may include an electromotor, e.g. a low voltage (e.g. 12, 24 or 48 V) DC motor, with a reduction mechanism. One such actuator or motor may be provided per actuated degree of freedom.

[0021] When the hinge construction includes an intermediate carrier that is rotatably disposed about a central shaft of the hinge construction, compact mounting of auxiliary components may be facilitated. Such intermediate carrier may e.g. be fixedly held on the central shaft, preferably via a clutch mechanism, e.g. an axially movable clutch or friction clutch.

[0022] The intermediate carrier may be a motor carrier that carries a motor of an actuator. When the intermediate carrier is a motor carrier that carries first and second motors that each serve to actuate a rotational degree of freedom, a compact powered movement mechanism may be obtained. Such motor carrier may conveniently be rotatable about the central shaft with a first degree or rotational freedom.

[0023] When the second member forms a housing carrier, the compactness of the construction may be enhanced further. Such housing carrier may be interposed between a motor carrier and a base of the movement mechanism.

[0024] When a metal wire structure is provided as bearing between the housing carrier and the motor carrier and / or between the motor carrier and the base of the movement mechanism, a suitable bearing may be provided that has relatively constant friction throughout use, and the housing carrier, motor carrier and / or the base may e.g. be provided as plastic components. The wire structure may e.g. be formed by steel spring wire. The hinge surfaces between motor carrier and housing carrier may e.g. be substantially cylindrical, and the bearing may be provided as wire hoops, wire segments, or a combination of wire hoops and wire segments, e.g. to connect a set of wire hoops. The hinge surfaces between base and housing carrier may be substantially spherical, and the bearing may be provided as a wire ring. The hinge surfaces of the housing carrier and the motor carrier and / or of the motor carrier and the base of the movement mechanism advantageously also cooperate sealingly to provide a barrier against ingress of moisture or dust into the area enclosed by the housing shell. The bearing structure may elegantly provide an effective seal between the cooperating surfaces.

[0025] When the motor carrier is arranged under spring load to press the housing carrier onto the base, a very stable construction may be achieved. The spring load may e.g. be provided by a spring around the central shaft that presses the motor carrier onto the housing carrier, and the housing carrier onto the support. Such spring may also be used to load a clutch mechanism that may be used to uncouple a motor and reduction mechanism of the motor carrier from a central gear that is carried on the central shaft to drive pivot movement, in case of externally applied force.

[0026] When the housing carrier is rotatably connected to the motor carrier a compact construction with two stacked rotational degrees of freedom may be obtained in a relatively simple construction. The housing carrier may be rotatable relative to the motor carrier via a tilt axis that provides the second degree or rotational freedom. The tilt axis may extend substantially transversely to the main axis. The tilt axis may be a virtual axis, e.g. when the cooperating hinge surfaces between the motor carrier and the housing carrier are substantially cylindrical. The tilt axis may coincide with a tilt shaft, e.g. a tilt shaft that extends preferably transversely to a central shaft. The tilt shaft may conveniently provide a hinge at one side of the central shaft only. A clutch mechanism may be used to uncouple a motor and reduction mechanism of the motor carrier from a drive gear that is provided on the housing carrier to drive tilt movement in case of externally applied force. In such case, the housing carrier may be connected to the motor carrier via a clutch, e.g. a spring loaded breakable clutch movable in the direction of the tilt axis, or a friction clutch.

[0027] When the bayonet coupling between the housing carrier and the housing shell comprises a stub portion and a set of bayonet tabs on the housing carrier, and a socket ring for receiving the stub portion, the socket ring being provided with radially inwardly extending bayonet catch flanges, a compact and stable coupling mechanism may be achieved. The bayonet tabs may e.g. be radially outwardly extending from the stub portion. The set of bayonet tabs may e.g. include 2, 3 or 4 bayonet tabs. In case of 2 or 4 bayonet tabs, the bayonet tabs may e.g. be diametrically opposed. As an alternative, bayonet tabs may be provided on the socket ring, and the catch flanges or grooves may be provided on the stub portion.

[0028] When the bayonet coupling includes bayonet tabs formed from metal wire, the coupling may be implemented very compactly, and yet may be provided with spring load to counteract play and relaxation. The metal wire may e.g. be steel spring wire. The bayonet tabs may efficiently be integrally formed with at least one metal wire structure that is provided as bearing between the housing carrier and the motor carrier.

[0029] According to another aspect there is provided a hinge construction for a movement mechanism as discussed above, comprising a first member and a second member which are hingedly connected with at least one degree of rotational freedom, wherein the second member carries a first coupling part, which first coupling part in use cooperates with a second coupling part of a set of mating coupling parts, the second coupling part being carried on a housing shell that in use at least partially surrounds the hinge construction. Such hinge construction may be provided by one party, and the housing shell may be provided by another party. One of these parties, or yet another party may assemble the hinge construction and the housing shell into a movement mechanism, in particular by coupling the housing shell to the hinge construction.

[0030] According to yet another aspect there is provided a method of coupling a housing shell to a hinge construction of a movement mechanism, the hinge construction having a first member and a second member which are hingedly connected with at least one degree of rotational freedom, wherein the second member carries a first coupling part of a set of mating coupling parts, and wherein the housing shell carries a second coupling part of the set of mating coupling parts, and wherein the housing shell is connected to the second member of the hinge construction by engaging the mating coupling parts such that the housing shell at least partially surrounds the hinge construction.

[0031] In a first step of engagement the coupling parts may be inserted into each other in axial direction along a main axis from a first axial position in which the coupling parts are free to a second axial position in which the coupling parts are axially overlapping, and secured against movement relative to each other in radial direction with respect to the main axis, and in a second step of engagement the coupling parts may in the second axial position be rotated about the main axis from a first angular position in which the coupling parts are movable relative to each other in axial direction with respect to the main axis, to a second angular position in which the coupling parts are secured against axial movement relative to each other with respect to the main axis.

[0032] In a third step of engagement, the coupling parts may, while both in the second axial position and second angular position, be secured against rotation about the main axis relative to each other.

[0033] The coupling parts may be inserted into each other in axial direction along a main axis between a first axial position in which the coupling parts are free and a second axial position in which the coupling parts are axially overlapping, and secured against movement relative to each other in radial direction with respect to the main axis. In particular, in case of a bayonet connection, a stub portion and a set of diametrically opposed, radially outwardly extending bayonet tabs on the housing carrier may be axially inserted into a socket ring for receiving the stub portion on the housing shell, such that the bayonet tabs can pass through circumferential interspaces between radially inwardly extending bayonet catch flanges of the socket ring. The stub portion may e.g. be inserted until a support ridge thereof abuts a support face of the socket ring. The socket ring or stub portion may be provided with deformable radially inwardly or respectively outwardly extending ribs to axially center the stub in the socket ring, and to hold them into engagement without radial play. The coupling parts may then in the second axial position rotatable about the main axis between a first angular position in which the coupling parts are movable relative to each other in axial direction with respect to the main axis, and a second angular position in which the coupling parts are secured against axial movement relative to each other with respect to the main axis. In particular the stub portion with the bayonet tabs may be rotated about its main axis, e.g. over an angle of 30-50 degrees, in particular about 40 degrees. In the second angular position, the bayonet tabs may then each hook behind a catch flange, so that the in the second angular position the bayonet tabs may then each hook behind a catch flange, so that the hinge construction and the housing shell are axially secured to each other. In case of spring wire tabs, the tabs can deform to prevent axial play, and the bayonet connection is then spring loaded.

[0034] A helical spring around the central shaft may be used to press the motor carrier onto the housing carrier, and the housing carrier onto the support tightly into engagement. The coupling parts may, while both in the second axial position and second angular position be secured against rotation about the main axis relative to each other. In particular, the stub portion may be rotatably secured to the socket ring using a radial locking pin. A tilt shaft that extends transversely to a central shaft of the movement mechanism with which the housing carrier is rotatable connected to the motor carrier may be double as radial locking pin. After the coupling parts have been brought in the second angular position, the tilt shaft may e.g. be pushed in along its axis in radial direction towards the main axis of the central shaft, from a first position in which it leaves the coupling parts free to rotate relative to each other to a second position in which it passes through aligned holes in the coupling parts to secure the coupling parts against rotation relative to each other about the main axis. To facilitate pushing in, the tilt shaft may be provided with a radially enlarged head portion. The tilt shaft may thus be movable from a first position in which it leaves the coupling parts free to rotate relative to each other to a second position in which secures the coupling parts against rotation relative to each other. The tilt shaft may not only be pushed, but may also be screwed, glued or clicked into its second, locking position. Locking the coupling parts in mating condition, in particular locking the bayonet connection in the second axial and second angular positions may serve to counteract theft of the movement mechanism, in particular when the housing shell encloses the hinge mechanism. The hinge construction may e.g. be inserted into the housing shell via an aperture left open for a panel of the housing shell, e.g. a mirror element, and then be put in place by mating the coupling parts. After locking the coupling parts in mating condition, the panel mirror can be snapped into place at the aperture to close the housing shell. A special tool may then be needed, e.g. to remove the panel, before the movement mechanism can be dismounted without damage.

[0035] As the position of the tilt shaft is independent of the tilt angle of the housing shell relative to motor carrier, it may conveniently be used to reliably define an angular pivot position of the housing shell relative to the base. The tilt shaft may thus be arranged to be used as an end stop to define an angular pivot position of the housing shell relative to the base. In particular, it may be used as one end stop of a set of end stops to e.g. define a park position or a fold over position. A portion of the tilt shaft then forms a first one of a set of two cooperating end stops, the second one e.g. being provided on the base or on the vehicle, in particular on the central shaft and / or the base part. Such portion may e.g. be portion of the tilt shaft that extends radially inwardly into the opening of the ring shaped coupling part. The tilt shaft, in particular such portion thereof, may also be conveniently be used to help define a position from which an angle of memory based electric adjustment is calibrated, in particular an electrically driven pivoting from a park position to a drive position based on a stored parameter value of time or energy associated with electric adjustment from park to drive or vice versa.

[0036] It will be appreciated that any of the aspects, features and options described herein can be combined. It will particularly be appreciated that any of the aspects, features and options described in view of the adjustment device apply equally to the external vision unit, and vice versa. It will also be appreciated that any of the aspects, features and options described in view of the adjustment device apply equally to the vehicle.

[0037] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

[0038] Figure 1 shows bottom perspective view of a movement mechanism;

[0039] Figure 2 shows a side perspective view of a hinge construction of the movement mechanism of Figure 1;

[0040] Figure 3 shows a side view of the hinge construction of Figure 2; Figure 4 shows a front view of the hinge construction of Figure 2; Figure 5 shows a rear view of the hinge construction of Figure 2; Figure 6 shows a bottom view of the hinge construction of Figure 2; Figure 7 shows a perspective side view of the hinge construction of Figure 2 about to be mounted in a socket ring;

[0041] Figure 8 shows a perspective bottom view of the hinge construction of Figure 2 mounted in the socket ring of Figure 7;

[0042] Figure 9 shows a cross sectional side view of the hinge construction of Figure 2 mounted in the socket ring of Figure 7, and

[0043] Figure 10 shows the cross sectional side view of the hinge construction of Figure 2 secured in the socket ring of Figure 7 by the tilt shaft of the hinge construction.

[0044] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] Figures 1 through 10 show an example of a movement mechanism 1 for adjusting an orientation of an external rear view mirror of a vehicle. In this example, the movement mechanism 1 forms a side mirror unit 2 and comprises a hinge construction 3 and a housing shell 4 that at least partially surrounds the hinge construction 3. The hinge construction 3 has a first member 5 and a second member 6 that are hingedly connected with at least one degree of rotational freedom. The first member 5 is embodied as a stationary base part, which is to be connected to the door bracket of the vehicle. The second member 6 is embodied as a moveable outgoing part. In particular, the first member 5 includes a central shaft 7 of the movement mechanism 1, and a main axis 8 of the central shaft 7 forms a hinge axis of the hinge construction 3 (see e.g. figures 6, 9 and 10). The second member 6 and the housing shell 4 are thus hingedly connected about the central shaft 7 with a first degree of rotational freedom. The central shaft 7 includes a stationary base flange 9 to be connected to the mounting plate 9’ of the door bracket of the vehicle (see e.g. figures 7 and 8). As shall be discussed further below, the second member 6 may comprise several components, e.g. an intermediate carrier 24, e.g. embodied e.g. as a motor carrier, a housing carrier and a cover. The housing shell 4 is relatively compact, and includes a top section 10 and a bottom section 11. The top section 10 and bottom section 11 of the housing shell 4 may be snapped or glued together. The housing shell 4 further includes an external side view mirror element, in particular a mirror glass 12, that forms a side face of the outside of the housing shell 4, so that it is adjustable relative to the base part 5 together with the housing shell 4. The mirror element may also be another type of reflective element than a glass, e.g. a plastic element provided with a reflective coating. The housing shell 4 encloses the hinge construction 3 and components of the side mirror unit 2. In an alternative embodiment, the top- and bottom sections 10, 11 of the housing shell 4 may be formed in one piece.

[0046] The hinge construction 3 of the movement mechanism 1 of the example is arranged to provide two stacked degrees of rotational freedom, each about single rotation axis, and is configured to adjust an orientation of the rear view mirror relative to the vehicle, about both a vertical main axis 8 and a horizontal tilt axis 13, such that a driver of the vehicle can fine-tune its rearward field of view. The hinge construction 3 is further configured to adjust the external rear view mirror about the vertical main axis 8 between a folded park position in which the housing shell 4 substantially extends parallel to a longitudinal axis of the vehicle, and an extended position in which the housing shell 4 extends substantially transversely outward from the vehicle. A minimum angular range required for fine-tuning may e.g. typically be between -12.5° and + 12.5° about the vertical axis starting from 0° at a drive position of the mirror glass, and between -12.5° and + 12.5 about the horizontal axis starting from 0° at a vertical position of the mirror glass. The angular range of pivoting between the park and drive position may e.g. be about 60-90°, in particular about 70-80°.

[0047] The housing shell 4 is connected to the second member 6 of the hinge construction 3 via mating coupling parts 14 (see e.g. figures 1, 7 and 8). As shall be discussed in detail, the bottom of the housing shell 4 includes a socket ring 15 with bayonet catches 16, to which a stub portion 17 of the hinge construction 3 with bayonet tabs 18 can be coupled. The hinge construction 3 can e.g. be inserted into the housing shell 4 via an aperture left open for the mirror glass 12, and then be bayonetted in place into the socket ring 15. After coupling, the mirror glass 12 can be snapped into place at the aperture to close the housing shell 4. The base flange 9 of the movement mechanism 1 may then e.g. be screwed onto the mounting plate 9’ of a door bracket of a vehicle.

[0048] By providing mating coupling parts 14, no auxiliary coupling element such as screws need to be used to connect the housing shell 4 to the hinge construction 3. The coupling parts 14 may be engaged in a toolless operation, i.e. engagement of the coupling parts 14 may be carried out by movement of the coupling parts relative to each other, e.g. manual or robotic assembly movement.

[0049] The second member 6 carries a first coupling part 19 of the mating coupling parts 14, and the housing shell 4 carries a second coupling part 20 of the mating coupling parts 14. In this example, the housing shell 4 is directly connected to the second member 6. As an alternative, an intermediate structure may be provided.

[0050] The coupling parts 14 form an insertion-rotation coupling. The coupling parts 14 may be engaged by manual insertion into each other along the main axis 8 of the movement mechanism 1, and by rotation relative to each other about the central shaft 7 of the movement mechanism 1. In this example, the second coupling part 20 is substantially ring shaped, and is embodied as a socket ring 15. When coupled, it surrounds the central shaft 7 of the movement mechanism 1. As shall be discussed further on in more detail, the coupling parts 14 form a bayonet coupling. The coupling parts 14 are spring loaded in coupled condition, so that play and relaxation may be counteracted. The hinge construction 3 includes two actuators 21, each to actuate a degree of freedom. The movement mechanism 1 may thus be used for powered adjustment. Each actuator 21 includes an 12V DC electromotor 22 with a reduction mechanism that includes a worm 23 as outgoing element.

[0051] The hinge construction 3 includes an intermediate carrier 24 that is rotatably disposed about a central shaft 7 of the hinge construction 3. The intermediate carrier 24 is axially fixedly held on the central shaft 7, and is breakable via a clutch mechanism 30. The intermediate carrier 24 is embodied as a motor carrier, and carries respective first and second motors 22 of the two actuators 21. The intermediate carrier 24 may be constructed in one piece, but as can be seen in figures 9 and 10, the intermediate carrier may be assembled from two parts. In this example, the intermediate carrier is provided with a cover 41.

[0052] The second member 6 is embodied as a housing carrier, and is interposed between the motor carrier 24 and the base part 5 of the movement mechanism 1.

[0053] A metal wire structure is provided as bearing 25 between the cooperating hinge surfaces. In this example, a metal wire bearing structures 25 have been provided between the cooperating surfaces of the housing carrier 6 and the motor carrier 24, as well as between the cooperating surfaces of the motor carrier 24 and the base part 5 of the movement mechanism 1. The housing carrier 6 and motor carrier 24 are in this example provided as plastic components. The wire bearing structures are here formed from steel spring wire. The cooperating hinge surfaces between motor carrier 24 and housing carrier 6 are substantially cylindrical, i.e. form part of a cylindrical mantle surface, and here the bearing 25 is embodied as a wire structure that includes two wire hoops 26. The wire structure is here provided in two halves. Each half of the wire bearing structure includes two quarter circle hoops. The quarter circle hoops are each held in a groove in the mantle surface of the housing carrier. The quarter circle hoops are at one end connected via a wire segment. As shall be discussed further below, in this example the connecting wire segment forms a bayonet tab. At the free end of each hoop a radially extending anchoring pin is formed with which the half of the bearing structure is anchored into bores of the housing carrier. The hinge surfaces between base part 5 and housing carrier 6 are substantially spherical, i.e. form part of a spherical surface, and here the bearing 25 is embodied as a wire ring 27. The wire ring 27 is held in a ring shaped groove in the substantially spherical concave surface of the housing carrier, and is provided with two radially outwardly extending anchoring pins which the ring is anchored into further bores of the housing carrier.

[0054] The motor carrier 24 is arranged under spring load to press the motor carrier 24 onto the base part 5. The spring load is provided by a helical spring 28 that is held around the central shaft 7, and that presses onto the motor carrier 24 via a pivot drive gear 29. The spring 28 is also used to load the clutch mechanism 30. The clutch mechanism 30 may be used to uncouple a first worm 23 driven by a first motor 22 and reduction mechanism of the motor carrier 24 from the pivot drive gear 29 that is carried on the central shaft 7, so as to allow relative movement in case of externally applied force.

[0055] The housing carrier 6 is rotatably connected to the motor carrier 24 via a tilt shaft 31 that extends along the tilt axis 13, and that provides the second degree or rotational freedom. The tilt shaft 31 extends preferably transversely to the central shaft 7. In this example, the tilt shaft 31 provides a tilt hinge 32 for the housing shell 4 at one side of the central shaft 7 only. In other embodiments, the tilt shaft 31 may be placed on or extend to both sides to provide for symmetric hinging. A further spring loaded breakable clutch mechanism 33 is used to uncouple a second worm 23 of a second motor 22 and reduction mechanism of the motor carrier 24 from a tilt drive gear 34 that is provided on the housing carrier 6, so as to allow relative movement in case of externally applied force. The bayonet coupling 14 comprises a stub portion 17 and a set of radially outwardly extending bayonet tabs 18 on the housing carrier 6, and a socket ring 15 with an aperture 35 for receiving the stub portion 17. The socket ring 15 is provided with radially inwardly extending bayonet catch flanges 16. The bayonet tabs 18 are diametrically opposed and are radially outwardly extending. The bayonet tabs 18 are in this embodiment formed from steel spring wire to provide spring load to counteract play and relaxation. The bayonet tabs 18 are integrally formed with the wire structure. In particular, each bayonet tab is in this example formed by the connecting portion between two quarter circle hoops 26 of a bearing half, that is provided as bearing 25 between the housing carrier 6 and the motor carrier. A bayonet coupling 14 allows for a compact, reliable and stable coupling, that is easy to connect. The compactness, in particular the relatively small dimension of the first and second coupling parts 19, 20 in both axial and radial direction of the central shaft 7, and their integration in the housing shell 4 and peripheral portion of housing carrier 6 allows increased freedom of design, and a relatively large angular range for tilt movement, e.g. ± 20°, 25° or 30°. As shown, the first coupling part 19 can be included in wall of the housing shell, which saves space. The second coupling part can be a separate part as shown, but may alternatively e.g. be integrally formed with the housing shell, or may be insert molded therein, e.g. as a coupling ring. The second coupling part may be provided on a peripheral edge of a lower portion of the housing carrier, e.g. at or below the level of the base of the stationary part.

[0056] In use, the housing shell 4 is connected to the second member 6 of the hinge construction 3 by manually engaging the mating coupling parts 14 such that the housing shell 4 at least partially surrounds the hinge construction 3.

[0057] The coupling parts 14 may in a first step be inserted into each other in axial direction along the main axis 8 between a first axial position I in which the coupling parts 14 are free (see Figure 7) and a second axial position II in which the coupling parts 14 are axially overlapping, and secured against movement relative to each other in radial direction with respect to the main axis 8. In particular, a stub portion 17 of the bayonet connection with its set of diametrically opposed, radially outwardly extending bayonet tabs 18 on the housing carrier 6 may be axially inserted into the socket ring 15 for receiving the stub portion 17 on the housing shell 4, such that the bayonet tabs 18 can pass through circumferential interspaces 36 between radially inwardly extending bayonet catch flanges 16 of the socket ring 15. The stub portion 17 is provided with deformable radially outwardly extending ribs 37 to center the stub in the socket ring 15, and to hold them into engagement without radial play. The stub 17 portion may e.g. be inserted until in the second axial position II a support ridge thereof abuts onto a support face of the socket ring 15. In a second step, the coupling parts 14 are then in the second axial position II rotated about the main axis 8 from a first angular position al in which the coupling parts 14 are movable relative to each other in axial direction with respect to the main axis 8, to a second angular position a2 in which the coupling parts 14 are secured against axial movement relative to each other with respect to the main axis 8 (see Figure 8). In particular the stub portion 17 with the bayonet tabs 18 may be rotated about its main axis 8, e.g. over an angle of 30-50 degrees, in particular about 40 degrees. In the second angular position a2, the bayonet tabs 18 may then each hook behind a catch flange 16, so that the hinge construction 3 and the housing shell 4 are axially secured to each other. In case of spring wire tabs 18, the tabs 18 can deform to counteract axial play, and bayonet connection is then spring loaded. The helical spring 28 around the central shaft 7 presses the motor carrier onto the housing carrier 6, and the housing carrier 6 onto the support tightly into engagement. In a third step the coupling parts 14 may, while both in the second axial position II and second angular position a2, be secured against rotation about the main axis 8 relative to each other. In particular, the stub portion 17 may be rotatably secured to the socket ring 15 using a radial locking pin. The tilt shaft 31 that extends transversely to a central shaft 7 of the movement mechanism 1 with which the housing carrier 6 is rotatable connected to the motor carrier in this example doubles as radial locking pin. After the coupling parts 14 have been brought in the second angular position a2, the tilt shaft 31 may be pushed in along the tilt axis 13 in radial direction towards the main axis 8 of the central shaft 7, from a radial inward position i in which it leaves the coupling parts 14 free to rotate relative to each other (see Figure 9) to a radial outward position ii in which it passes through aligned holes in the coupling parts 14 to secure the coupling parts 14 against rotation relative to each other about the main axis 8 (see Figure 10). This way, the coupling parts may be locked in mating condition, which may help to prevent theft of the movement mechanism as set out above. To facilitate pushing in, the tilt shaft 31 has been provided with a radially enlarged head portion 38.

[0058] The tilt shaft 31 is in this embodiment also used to reliably define an angular pivot position of the housing shell 4 relative to the base part 5, in particular a park position. A portion of the tilt shaft 31 that extends radially inwardly into the opening of the ring shaped coupling part forms a first stop 39 of a set of two cooperating end stops, the second stop 40 in the example being provided on the base mounting plate 9’ of the door bracket. The radially inwardly extending portion of the tilt shaft 31 is in this embodiment also used to define a position from which an angle of memory based electric adjustment is calibrated. Electrically driven pivoting from the park position to a drive position is carried out based on lookup of a stored parameter value of time or energy associated with electric adjustment from the electrical pivoting in from the last used drive position to park or vice versa, e.g. compensated for temperature and a typical time or energy difference between folding in and folding out. Herein, the invention is described with reference to specific examples of embodiments of the invention. It will, however, be evident that various modifications and changes may be made therein, without departing from the essence of the invention. For example, the connecting portion of the wire structure that forms the bayonet tabs have in the exemplary embodiment been formed as triangles with sides of unequal length, but may e.g. also be formed as triangles with sides of equal length so that a tab is formed with an apex in the middle, or may e.g. be formed as a rectangle so that a tab is formed with the peripheral shape of a stepping board.

[0059] When the hinge construction is arranged to provide two stacked degrees of rotational freedom, each about single rotation axis, these axes may for example extend at an angle relative to each other, e.g. transversely or perpendicular to each other.

[0060] The second coupling part may for example be a part that is separate from the housing shell, but may also be an integrated part of the housing shell. Such integrated part may be formed as one piece, e.g. be integrally formed with the housing shell, or may be formed as separate pieces that are made to form one part, e.g. be fastened, glued or insert molded therein, e.g. as a coupling ring.

[0061] For the purpose of clarity and a concise description features are described herein as part of the same or separate embodiments, however, alternative embodiments having combinations of all or some of the features described in these separate embodiments are also envisaged.

[0062] However, other modifications, variations, and alternatives are also possible. The specifications, drawings and examples are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative sense rather than in a restrictive sense.

[0063] For the purpose of clarity and a concise description features are described herein as part of the same or separate embodiments, however, it will be appreciated that the scope of the invention may include embodiments having combinations of all or some of the features described. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word ‘comprising’ does not exclude the presence of other features or steps than those listed in a claim. Furthermore, the words ‘a’ and ‘an’ shall not be construed as limited to ‘only one’, but instead are used to mean ‘at least one’, and do not exclude a plurality. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to an advantage.

[0064] LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS

[0065] 1. Movement mechanism

[0066] 2. Side mirror unit

[0067] 3. Hinge construction

[0068] 4. Housing shell

[0069] 5. First member I Stationary base part

[0070] 6. Second member / Movable outgoing part I Housing carrier

[0071] 7. Central shaft

[0072] 8. Main axis central shaft I Pivot axis

[0073] 9. Base flange

[0074] 9’. Mounting plate

[0075] 10. Top section

[0076] 11. Bottom section

[0077] 12. Mirror glass I Side face

[0078] 13. Tilt axis

[0079] 14. Mating coupling parts I Bayonet coupling

[0080] 15. Socket ring

[0081] 16. Bayonet catches

[0082] 17. Stub portion

[0083] 18. Bayonet tabs

[0084] 19. First coupling part

[0085] 20. Second coupling part

[0086] 21. Actuator

[0087] 22. Motor

[0088] 23. Worm

[0089] 24. Intermediate carrier I Motor carrier

[0090] 25. Bearing

[0091] 26. Wire hoop

[0092] 27. Wire ring 28. Helical spring

[0093] 29. Pivot drive gear

[0094] 30. Clutch mechanism

[0095] 31. Tilt shaft I Radial locking pin

[0096] 32. Tilt hinge

[0097] 33. Further clutch mechanism

[0098] 34. Tilt drive gear

[0099] 35. Aperture

[0100] 36. Circumferential interspaces

[0101] 37. Ribs

[0102] 38. Head portion

[0103] 39. First stop

[0104] 40. Second stop

[0105] 41. Cover

[0106] I First axial position

[0107] II Second axial position al First angular position a2 Second angular position i radial outward position ii radial inward position

Claims

Claims1. A movement mechanism, comprising a hinge construction having a first member and a second member which are hingedly connected with at least one degree of rotational freedom, and a housing shell that at least partially surrounds the hinge construction, wherein the housing shell is connected to the second member of the hinge construction via mating coupling parts.

2. The movement mechanism of claim 1, wherein the second member carries a first coupling part of the mating coupling parts, and wherein the housing shell carries a second coupling part of the mating coupling parts.

3. The movement mechanism of claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one of the coupling parts is a substantially ring shaped coupling part, preferably a substantially ring shaped coupling part that surrounds a central shaft of the movement mechanism.

4. The movement mechanism of any of claims 1-3, wherein the coupling parts form a bayonet coupling.

5. The movement mechanism of any of claims 1-4, wherein the coupling parts are spring loaded in coupled condition.

6. The movement mechanism of any of claims 1-5, wherein the hinge construction is arranged to provide two stacked degrees of rotational freedom, each about a single rotation axis.

7. The movement mechanism of any of claims 1-6, wherein the first member includes a central shaft of the movement mechanism.

8. The movement mechanism of any of claims 1-7, wherein the first member comprises a base portion.

9. The movement mechanism of any of claims 1-8, wherein the hinge construction includes at least one actuator to provide at least one actuated degree of freedom.

10. The movement mechanism of any of claims 1-9, wherein the hinge construction includes an intermediate carrier rotatably disposed about a central shaft of the hinge construction.

11. The movement mechanism of any of claims 1-10, wherein the intermediate carrier is a motor carrier that carries a motor of an actuator to actuate a rotational degree of freedom, preferably a motor carrier that carries first and second motors that each serve to actuate a rotational degree of freedom.

12. The movement mechanism of any of claims 1-11, wherein the second member forms a housing carrier.

13. The movement mechanism of claim 12, wherein the housing carrier is interposed between a motor carrier and a base of the movement mechanism.

14. The movement mechanism of claim 11 or 12, wherein a metal wire structure is provided as bearing between the housing carrier and the motor carrier and / or between the motor carrier and the base of the movement mechanism.

15. The movement mechanism of any of claims 11 -14, wherein the motor carrier is arranged under spring load to press the housing carrier onto the base.

16. The movement mechanism of any of claims 11 - 15, wherein the housing carrier is rotatably connected to the motor carrier, preferably via a tilt shaft.

17. The movement mechanism of any of claims 11 - 16, wherein the housing carrier is connected to the motor carrier via a clutch.

18. The movement mechanism of any of claims 11 - 17, wherein the bayonet coupling comprises a stub portion and a set of bayonet tabs on the housing carrier, and a socket ring for receiving the stub portion, the socket ring being provided with radially inwardly extending bayonet catch flanges.

19. The movement mechanism of any of claims 4 - 18, wherein the bayonet coupling includes bayonet tabs formed from metal wire.

20. The movement mechanism of claim 19, wherein the bayonet tabs are integrally formed with at least one metal wire structure that is provided as bearing between the housing carrier and the motor carrier.

21. The movement mechanism of any of the preceding claims, wherein the coupling parts are locked in mating condition.

22. The movement mechanism of any of claims 12-21, wherein the housing carrier is rotatable relative to the motor carrier via a tilt shaft, preferably via a tilt shaft that extends transversely to a central shaft of the hinge construction.

23. The movement mechanism of claim 22, wherein the tilt shaft is movable from a first position in which it leaves the coupling parts free to rotate relative to each other to a second position in which secures the coupling parts against rotation relative to each other.

24. The movement mechanism of claims 22 or 23, wherein the tilt shaft is arranged to be used as an end stop to define an angular pivot position of the housing shell relative to the base.

25. The movement mechanism according to any of the preceding claims 1-24, wherein the housing shell includes a vision element, in particular an external vision element, such as an external rear view mirror, display or camera for a vehicle.

26. A hinge construction for a movement mechanism according to any of the preceding claims, comprising a first member and a second member which are hingedly connected with at least one degree of rotational freedom, wherein the second member carries a first coupling part, which first coupling part in use cooperates with a second coupling part of a set of mating coupling parts, the second coupling part being carried on a housing shell that in use at least partially surrounds the hinge construction.

27. A method of coupling a housing shell to a hinge construction of a movement mechanism, the hinge construction having a first member and a second member which are hingedly connected with at least one degree of rotational freedom, wherein the second member carries a first coupling part of a set of mating coupling parts, and wherein the housing shell carries a second coupling part of the set of mating coupling parts, and wherein the housing shell is connected to the second member of the hinge construction by engaging the mating coupling parts such that the housing shell at least partially surrounds the hinge construction.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein in a first step of engagement the coupling parts are inserted into each other in axial direction along a main axis between from a first axial position in which the coupling parts are free to a second axial position in which the coupling parts are axially overlapping, and secured against movement relative to each other in radial direction with respect to the main axis, and wherein in a second step of engagement the coupling parts are in the second axial position rotated about the main axis from a first angular position in which the coupling parts are movable relative to each other in axial direction with respect to the main axis, to a second angular position in which the coupling parts are secured against axial movement relative to each other with respect to the main axis.

29. The method of claim 28, wherein in a third step of engagement, the coupling parts are, while both in the second axial position and second angular position, secured against rotation about the main axis relative to each other, in particular locked in mating condition.

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