High-temperature thermal initiator and preparation method therefor and use thereof

Abstract

A high-temperature thermal initiator and a preparation method therefor and a use thereof. The preparation method comprises: respectively screening an oxidizing agent, a reducing agent, a binder, and an additive, and performing preliminary mixing to obtain a mixture (S1); uniformly dispersing and mixing the mixture with a solvent to form a slurry (S2); attaching the slurry to a fuse by means of an extrusion process, and drying same to obtain an agent core (S3); and winding a wire sheath on the surface of the agent core, and applying a moisture-proof curing adhesive to obtain a high-temperature thermal initiator (S4). Finally, a high-temperature thermal initiator having a sensing temperature of 350°C±50°C is prepared. The high-temperature thermal initiator can be applied to an application scenario in which the temperature is gradually increased and the ignition temperature is high, such as an energy storage power station, so that after ignition, a fire extinguishing device is quickly started to implement fire extinguishing, thereby ensuring the optimal fire extinguishing performance, and avoiding large disasters caused by a fire extinguishing effect being affected by the settlement or escape of a fire extinguishing medium due to an early start of the fire extinguishing device.

Description

A high-temperature thermal initiator and its preparation method and application Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of fire fighting and extinguishing, and in particular relates to a high-temperature thermal initiator and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Because pumped hydropower stations are extremely large projects to build, battery energy storage systems are becoming increasingly popular in these plants as battery energy storage technology matures. Currently, energy storage technology is widely used in a wide range of applications, including new energy vehicles, isolated microgrids, power plant-to-grid, user-to-grid, and grid-to-grid systems. However, with the construction and application of energy storage power station projects, the risk of fire has gradually become apparent. In recent years, fire and explosion accidents at energy storage power stations have become commonplace. According to incomplete statistics, over 30 large-capacity energy storage power station fires and explosions have occurred domestically and internationally over the past decade. Most of these incidents involved lithium-ion batteries, with two other incidents involving lead-acid and sodium-sulfur batteries resulting in significant casualties and property losses. This demonstrates the paramount importance of ensuring fire safety in energy storage power stations.

[0003] The fire hazards of energy storage power stations primarily include the fire hazards of lithium batteries and the fire hazards of electrical equipment. The fire hazard of lithium batteries primarily stems from their construction and is directly related to the battery's material composition. Under conditions of abuse, such as overheating, excessive charging and discharging, battery design flaws, and short circuits caused by raw material defects, chemical reactions can occur between the internal battery materials. The electrolyte decomposes, generating large amounts of heat and pressure, causing thermal runaway. In large-scale lithium battery energy storage systems, battery packs are characterized by high density and centralized distribution. Lithium battery modules are connected in series to form a single battery pack, and multiple battery packs are connected in parallel to form a large-capacity energy storage unit. Lithium-ion battery fires differ significantly from ordinary fires. As energy aggregates, thermal runaway can easily trigger chain reactions of combustion and explosion in surrounding batteries. Furthermore, lithium-ion batteries release oxygen during spontaneous combustion, making them prone to re-ignition. Electrical equipment poses a fire hazard due to the large number of ancillary electrical equipment in energy storage power stations. Unsafe use of electrical equipment due to circuit leakage, short circuits, overloads, aging, and other factors can generate localized high temperatures, potentially igniting combustible materials within the equipment and posing a fire hazard to the entire energy storage system. This suggests that fires in the energy storage industry typically increase in temperature gradually and at high ignition temperatures. Currently, conventional automatic fire extinguishing devices use thermal wires for temperature sensing and activation. For example, Chinese patents CN1524594A, CN114404841A, CN113108257A, CN102688577B, CN207950358U, and CN103736232A all use thermal wires to respond to external temperatures and activate the fire extinguishing device. However, the activation temperature of conventional thermal wires is around 170°C. When used in firefighting in the energy storage industry, there is a problem of premature ignition of the thermal initiator, causing the fire extinguishing device to spray prematurely. On the one hand, if the fire extinguishing medium sprayed prematurely is solid, it will gradually settle. On the other hand, if the fire extinguishing space is not sealed, the fire extinguishing medium sprayed by the fire extinguishing device will gradually dissipate with the air flow, resulting in the fire in the space that needs to be extinguished due to the low concentration of the fire extinguishing medium, making it impossible to successfully extinguish the fire.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the above technical problems, the present invention provides a medicine prepared using an oxidant, a reducing agent, an adhesive and an additive, and then the medicine is attached to a lead to prepare a medicine core, and a wire skin is wrapped around the surface of the medicine core and coated with moisture-proof curing glue to prepare a high-temperature thermal initiator, so that its sensing temperature is 350℃±50℃.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a high-temperature thermal initiator, which is composed of a lead wire, a core and a wire sheath.

[0007] Preferably, the lead wire is cotton thread, dacron thread, or polyester thread.

[0008] Preferably, the drug core is composed of 40-70% oxidizing agent, 10-30% reducing agent, 5-15% binder and 2-20% additives.

[0009] Preferably, the oxidant is any one of metal-free molecular perovskite, polyazide glycidyl ether, and potassium perchlorate-based molecular perovskite;

[0010] The reducing agent is any one of potassium hydrogen phthalate, potassium tartrate, potassium hydrogen terephthalate, potassium benzoate, potassium hydrogen tartrate, potassium tert-butoxide, potassium 4-nitrobenzene sulfate, and monopotassium citrate;

[0011] The adhesive is one or more of hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene and dibutyl itaconate;

[0012] The additive is one or more of propargyl dimethyl malonate, tetramethyl terephthalonitrile oxide, and isocyanate;

[0013] Preferably, the high-temperature thermal initiator is a device for coating moisture-proof curing glue on the wire skin.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a high-temperature thermal initiator, comprising the following steps:

[0015] (1) sieving the oxidant, reducing agent, binder and additives separately, and preliminarily mixing them to obtain a mixture;

[0016] (2) dispersing and mixing the mixture with a solvent to form a slurry;

[0017] (3) attaching the slurry to the lead wire through an extrusion process and drying it to obtain a core;

[0018] (4) Wrapping a wire skin around the surface of the core and coating it with moisture-proof curing glue to obtain a high-temperature thermal initiator.

[0019] Preferably, the sieve used in the screening step (1) is 180-200 mesh;

[0020] The solvent in step (2) is any one of acetone, ethyl acetate, methanol, and ethanol;

[0021] The drying temperature in step (3) is 40-100°C.

[0022] Preferably, the diameter of the lead wire in step (3) is 0.5-1 mm, and the diameter of the prepared core is 1.5-2 mm.

[0023] Preferably, the wire sheath described in step (4) is a polyester tape with a thickness of 1-3 mm, and the moisture-proof curing glue is a polyethylene glue with a thickness of 1-2 mm.

[0024] The present invention also provides an application of a high-temperature thermal initiator in a fire extinguishing device of an energy storage power station.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention utilizes perovskite and other substances as oxidants, and prepares a medicine with the oxidant, adhesive, and additives, attaches the medicine to a lead to prepare a medicine core, wraps a wire skin around the surface of the dried medicine core, and coats it with moisture-proof curing glue to prepare a high-temperature thermal initiator. The induction temperature of the high-temperature thermal initiator is 350°C±50°C, and can be used in scenes with gradually rising temperatures and high ignition temperatures, such as energy storage power stations, thereby improving the applicability of the fire extinguishing device to the scene and ensuring that the fire extinguishing device can accurately extinguish the fire when the spraying is started. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions of the present invention are further explained below with reference to specific embodiments. It is worth noting that the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the claims. Any modifications or substitutions made to the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art without creative effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] (1) Weighing 65% of metal-free molecular perovskite, 15% of potassium hydrogen terephthalate, 17% of terminal hydroxy butadiene, and 3% of isocyanate respectively through a 180-mesh sieve and preliminarily mixing to obtain a mixture;

[0029] (2) placing the mixture in a mixer, adding ethanol (20% by mass), stirring and dispersing, mixing uniformly to obtain a slurry, and transferring the slurry to the extruder hopper;

[0030] (3) placing a cotton thread with a diameter of 0.5 mm as a lead in a lead machine, starting the lead machine and the extruder, allowing the slurry to be evenly mixed in the extruder and then attached to the lead, and drying at 50° C. to form a core, wherein the diameter of the core is 1.5 mm;

[0031] (4) Place a wire sheath with a thickness of 1 mm in a wrapping machine, then pass the core through the wrapping machine, wrap a layer of wire sheath on the surface of the core, and then pass the wrapped core through a coating machine to coat a layer of moisture-proof curing glue with a thickness of 1 mm. After molding, a high-temperature thermal initiator is obtained.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] (1) Weighing 65% polyazide glycidyl ether, 15% potassium benzoate, 17% polyitaconate dibutyl ester, and 3% propargyl dimethyl malonate in proportion, respectively, and passing them through a 180-mesh sieve, and preliminarily mixing them to obtain a mixture;

[0034] (2) placing the mixture in a mixer, adding ethanol (20% by mass), stirring and dispersing, mixing uniformly to obtain a slurry, and transferring the slurry to the extruder hopper;

[0035] (3) placing a 1.0 mm polyester thread as a lead in a lead machine, starting the lead machine and the extruder, allowing the slurry to be evenly mixed in the extruder and then attached to the lead, and drying at 60° C. to form a core, wherein the diameter of the core is 2.0 mm;

[0036] (4) Place a wire sheath with a thickness of 2 mm in a wrapping machine, then pass the core through the wrapping machine, wrap a layer of wire sheath on the surface of the core, and then pass the wrapped core through a coating machine to coat a layer of moisture-proof curing glue with a thickness of 1.5 mm. After molding, a high-temperature thermal initiator is obtained.

[0037] Example 3

[0038] (1) Weighing 65% potassium perchlorate-based molecular perovskite, 15% potassium tert-butoxide, 17% terminal hydroxy butadiene, and 3% propargyl dimethyl malonate in proportion, respectively, and passing them through a 180-mesh sieve, and preliminarily mixing them to obtain a mixture;

[0039] (2) placing the mixture in a mixer, adding ethanol (20% by mass), stirring and dispersing, mixing uniformly to obtain a slurry, and transferring the slurry to the extruder hopper;

[0040] (3) placing a 1.0 mm polyester thread as a lead in a lead machine, starting the lead machine and the extruder, allowing the slurry to be mixed evenly in the extruder and then attached to the lead, and drying at 50° C. to form a core, wherein the diameter of the core is 2 mm;

[0041] (4) Place a wire sheath with a thickness of 3 mm in a wrapping machine, then pass the core through the wrapping machine, wrap a layer of wire sheath on the surface of the core, and then pass the wrapped core through a coating machine to coat a layer of moisture-proof curing glue with a thickness of 2 mm. After molding, a high-temperature thermal initiator is obtained.

[0042] Example 4

[0043] (1) Weighing 65% polyazide glycidyl ether, 15% monopotassium citrate, 17% polydibutyl itaconate, and 3% tetramethylterephthalonitrile oxide in proportion, respectively, and passing them through a 180-mesh sieve, and preliminarily mixing them to obtain a mixture;

[0044] (2) placing the mixture in a mixer, adding ethanol (20% by mass), stirring and dispersing, mixing uniformly to obtain a slurry, and transferring the slurry to the extruder hopper;

[0045] (3) placing a cotton thread with a diameter of 1.0 mm as a lead in a lead machine, starting the lead machine and the extruder, allowing the slurry to be evenly mixed in the extruder and then attached to the lead, and drying at 60° C. to form a core, wherein the diameter of the core is 2 mm;

[0046] (4) Place a wire sheath with a thickness of 2 mm in the wrapping, then pass the core through the wrapping machine, wrap a layer of wire sheath on the surface of the core, and then pass the wrapped core through the coating machine to coat a layer of moisture-proof curing glue with a thickness of 1.5 mm. After molding, a high-temperature thermal initiator is obtained.

[0047] Example 5

[0048] (1) Weighing 40% of metal-free molecular perovskite, 30% of potassium tartrate, 15% of terminal hydrocarbon butadiene, and 15% of tetramethylterephthalonitrile oxide in proportion, respectively, and passing them through a 180-mesh sieve, and preliminarily mixing them to obtain a mixture;

[0049] (2) placing the mixture in a mixer, adding acetone (20% by mass), stirring and dispersing, mixing uniformly to obtain a slurry, and transferring the slurry to the extruder hopper;

[0050] (3) placing a polyester thread with a diameter of 0.5 mm as a lead in a lead machine, starting the lead machine and the extruder, allowing the slurry to be evenly mixed in the extruder and then attached to the lead, and drying at 60°C to form a core, wherein the diameter of the core is 1.8 mm;

[0051] (4) Place a wire sheath with a thickness of 1 mm in the wrapping, then pass the core through the wrapping machine, wrap a layer of wire sheath on the surface of the core, and then pass the wrapped core through the coating machine to coat a layer of moisture-proof curing glue with a thickness of 1.8 mm. After molding, a high-temperature thermal initiator is obtained.

[0052] Example 6

[0053] (1) Weighing 70% of metal-free molecular perovskite, 10% of 4-nitrobenzene potassium sulfate, 5% of terminal alkyl butadiene, and 15% of tetramethylterephthalonitrile oxide in proportion, respectively, and passing them through a 180-mesh sieve, and preliminarily mixing them to obtain a mixture;

[0054] (2) placing the mixture in a mixer, adding ethyl acetate (20% by mass), stirring and dispersing, mixing uniformly to obtain a slurry, and transferring the slurry to the extruder hopper;

[0055] (3) placing a polyester thread with a diameter of 0.5 mm as a lead in a lead machine, starting the lead machine and the extruder, allowing the slurry to be evenly mixed in the extruder and then attached to the lead, and drying at 50° C. to form a core, wherein the diameter of the core is 1.5 mm;

[0056] (4) Place a wire sheath with a thickness of 2 mm in the wrapping, then pass the core through the wrapping machine, wrap a layer of wire sheath on the surface of the core, and then pass the wrapped core through the coating machine to coat a layer of moisture-proof curing glue with a thickness of 1.5 mm. After molding, a high-temperature thermal initiator is obtained.

[0057] Example 7

[0058] (1) Weighing 60% polyazide glycidyl ether, 25% phthalic acid, 13% polydibutyl itaconate, and 2% isocyanate in proportion, respectively, and passing them through a 180-mesh sieve, and preliminarily mixing them to obtain a mixture;

[0059] (2) Place the mixture in a mixer, add methanol (mass fraction 20%), stir and disperse, mix evenly to obtain a slurry, and transfer the slurry to the extruder hopper;

[0060] (3) placing a cotton thread with a diameter of 1.0 mm as a lead in a lead machine, starting the lead machine and the extruder, allowing the slurry to be evenly mixed in the extruder and then attached to the lead, and drying at 60° C. to form a core, wherein the diameter of the core is 2 mm;

[0061] (4) Place a wire sheath with a thickness of 3 mm in the wrapping, then pass the core through the wrapping machine, wrap a layer of wire sheath on the surface of the core, and then pass the wrapped core through the coating machine to coat a layer of moisture-proof curing glue with a thickness of 1 mm. After molding, a high-temperature thermal initiator is obtained.

[0062] Comparative Example 1

[0063] Xi'an Angfei Fire Technology Co., Ltd. AF-RM1 thermal wire.

[0064] Comparative Example 2

[0065] Hunan Nanling Fire Technology Co., Ltd. NX03-170 thermal wire.

[0066] Comparative Example 3

[0067] (1) Weigh 65% nitrocellulose, 15% potassium hydrogen terephthalate, 17% terminal hydroxy butadiene, and 3% isocyanate in proportion, sieve them through a 180-mesh sieve, and preliminarily mix them to obtain a mixture;

[0068] (2) placing the mixture in a mixer, adding ethanol (20% by mass), stirring and dispersing, mixing uniformly to obtain a slurry, and transferring the slurry to the extruder hopper;

[0069] (3) placing a cotton thread with a diameter of 1.0 mm as a lead in a lead machine, starting the lead machine and the extruder, allowing the slurry to be evenly mixed in the extruder and then attached to the lead, and drying at 50° C. to form a core, wherein the diameter of the core is 2 mm;

[0070] (4) Place a wire sheath with a thickness of 2 mm in the wrapping, then pass the core through the wrapping machine, wrap a layer of wire sheath on the surface of the core, and then pass the wrapped core through the coating machine to coat a layer of moisture-proof curing glue with a thickness of 1 mm. After molding, a high-temperature thermal initiator is obtained.

[0071] Results test:

[0072] The high-temperature thermal initiators prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were placed in an oven with a programmed temperature increase of 10°C / min to perform a start-up temperature test. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0073] The high temperature thermal initiator is installed on the fire extinguishing device. The fire extinguishing medium used is 130g aerosol fire extinguishing medium, and 2m 3 The experimental model was heated according to the thermal runaway temperature rise model of the energy storage battery to activate the thermal initiator. A particle collector was used to collect the suspended fire extinguishing medium, and the concentration was calculated. The concentration of the fire extinguishing medium in the protected space when the energy storage battery thermal runaway fire occurred was simulated and tested. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0074] Table 1 Starting temperature and fire extinguishing medium concentration of high temperature thermal initiators prepared under different formulations

[0075] The starting temperature of the thermal initiator prepared by the present invention is between 330-370℃, which meets the design temperature range of 350℃±50℃. Compared with the commonly used thermal initiators on the market in Comparative Examples 1-2, the starting temperature is significantly increased. It can be used in scenes with gradually rising temperatures and high ignition temperatures, such as energy storage power stations, etc., which is conducive to starting the fire extinguishing device to spray and extinguish the fire at the precise time of ignition. In addition, when the thermal initiator prepared in Example 1-7 starts the fire extinguishing medium for spraying, due to the late start time, the concentration of the fire extinguishing medium is 60g / m 3 Above, compared with the theoretical design concentration of 65g / m 3 The results are basically the same, while the fire extinguishing medium concentration in Comparative Example 1-2 is only half of the theoretical value. Therefore, it is shown that the thermal initiator prepared by the present invention can delay the spraying time of the fire extinguishing device, ensure that the fire extinguishing device has the maximum fire extinguishing concentration when extinguishing a fire, and thus dramatically increase the fire extinguishing efficiency.

Claims

1. A high temperature thermal initiator, characterized in that: The high-temperature thermal initiator is composed of a lead wire, a core and a wire sheath.

2. A high temperature thermal initiator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lead wire is a cotton thread, a dacron thread or a polyester thread.

3. A high temperature initiator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drug core is composed of 40-70% of an oxidizing agent, 10-30% of a reducing agent, 5-15% of a binder and 2-20% of an additive.

4. A high temperature thermal initiator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The oxidant is any one of metal-free molecular perovskite, polyazide glycidyl ether, and potassium perchlorate-based molecular perovskite; The reducing agent is any one of potassium hydrogen phthalate, potassium tartrate, potassium hydrogen terephthalate, potassium benzoate, potassium hydrogen tartrate, potassium tert-butoxide, potassium 4-nitrobenzene sulfate, and monopotassium citrate; The adhesive is any one of terminal hydroxyl polybutadiene and dibutyl itaconate; The additive is any one of dimethyl 2,2-propargylmalonate, tetramethylterephthalonitrile oxide and isocyanate.

5. A high temperature initiator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high temperature initiator is a device for coating moisture-proof curing glue on the wire skin.

6. A method for preparing a high temperature thermal initiator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) sieving the oxidant, the reducing agent, the binder and the additives respectively, and preliminarily mixing them to obtain a mixture; (2) dispersing and mixing the mixture with a solvent to form a slurry; (3) attaching the slurry to the lead wire through an extrusion process and drying to obtain a core; (4) A polyester tape is wound around the surface of the core as a wire sheath, and polyethylene glue is applied by an extruder as a moisture-proof curing glue to achieve moisture-proofing to obtain a high-temperature thermal initiator.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sieve used in the sieving step (1) is 180-200 mesh; The solvent in step (2) is any one of acetone, ethyl acetate, methanol and ethanol; The drying temperature in step (3) is 40-100°C.

8. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lead wire diameter described in step (3) is 0.5-1 mm, and the diameter of the prepared core is 1.5-2 mm.

9. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The wire sheath described in step (4) is a polyester tape with a thickness of 1-3 mm, and the moisture-proof curing glue is a polyethylene glue with a thickness of 1-2 mm.

10. Use of the high-temperature thermal initiator according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the high-temperature thermal initiator prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 6 to 9 in a fire extinguishing device of an energy storage power station.

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