Device and method for correcting dyslexia in primary school-aged children

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of education and teaching, and more particularly to methods for correcting dyslexic disorder in primary school-aged children with the aid of a reading device. A method for correcting dyslexia in primary school-aged children entails correctional exercises that are carried out in three steps, wherein the first step entails reading a text with the aid of a dyslexia correction device in the form of a rectangular card, the width of which corresponds to the width of a line of text in a book, said card having a window, the size of which corresponds to the size of two letters of the text of a book, wherein the step is carried out by continuously moving the device along the lines of a text; the second step entails reading the text with the aid of the dyslexia correction device by continuously moving same along the lines of the text, and reading the text without the aid of the device, wherein a session is split evenly into time spent reading the text with the aid of the device and time spent reading the text without the aid of the device; the third step entails reading the text without the aid of the device. The technical result of the invention consists in increasing reading and comprehension speed and ability, reducing errors during reading, cultivating automatic letter-sound association, and improving academic progress in primary school-aged children.

Description

[0001] DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CORRECTING DYSLEXIA IN PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN

[0002] AGE DESCRIPTION

[0003] The invention relates to the field of education and training, namely to methods for correcting dyslexia in children of primary school age using a reading device [G09B17 / 00, G09B17 / 02, G09B17 / 04],

[0004] The prior art contains a BOOK PAGE ADAPTED FOR CORRECT READING BY PEOPLE WITH DYSLEXIA [US2012032432 (A1) - 2012-02-09], containing a background formed by the correct alternation of vertical stripes (B 1, B 2) of the same width, obtained in two different colours.

[0005] The disadvantage of this page is that the text of the book is divided only by vertical lines, which focus a person's attention on individual letters of the text line, but do not divide the text line by line, which leads to an incorrect transition from one line to another in the text.

[0006] Also known is a METHOD AND MEANS FOR INCREASING THE READING EFFICIENCY OF INDIVIDUALS WITH SPECIFIC DYSLEXIA [US4379699 (A) - 1983-04-12], which includes providing such a dyslexic with reading material, in which the reading material contains a first line of letters having a brightness significantly lower than the brightness of the background on which the letters are applied, and a second line of similar reading material, adjacent to said first line and having a second line of letters having a brightness significantly exceeding the brightness of the background on which the second line of letters is located.

[0007] The disadvantage of this method is that the text of the book is divided only by lines without highlighting individual letters and syllables of words, which slows down the formation of sound-letter connections in children when reading.

[0008] The closest in technical essence is the METHOD AND DEVICE FOR READING DYSLEXIA [US4979902 (A) - 1990-12-25], comprising the steps of: (a) providing focusing means comprising lens means for providing a prescribed focusing in accordance with the needs of the central reading vision of said reader, and vision suppression means comprising means for suppressing the reader's vision vertically and horizontally, peripheral with respect to said central reading vision;

[0009] (b) and then simultaneously performing the steps of focusing the central direct field of vision of the reader by narrowing it with the help of suitable focusing means located near the eyes of the reader, while simultaneously limiting the wide peripheral field of vision of the reader with the help of the said suitable means of limiting vision.

[0010] The main technical problem of the prototype is the narrowing of the reader's field of vision to the width of a word using vision limiting devices, which does not allow the formation of automatic sound-letter connections, and therefore does not improve the quality of reading in children of primary school age.

[0011] The objective of the invention is to eliminate the shortcomings of the prototype.

[0012] The technical result of the invention consists in increasing the speed, quality of reading and assimilation of the material read, reducing errors when reading a book, developing automatic sound-letter connections, and increasing the academic performance of children of school age.

[0013] The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the method for correcting dyslexia in children of primary school age, including corrective exercises, which are carried out in three stages, wherein the first stage includes reading the text with a device for correcting dyslexia in the form of a rectangular card, wherein the width of the card corresponds to the width of a line of the book text, with a hole, in addition, the size of the hole corresponds to the size of two letters of the book text, is applied by constantly moving the device along the lines of text, the second stage includes reading the text with a device for correcting dyslexia, is applied by constantly moving the device along the lines of text and reading the text without the device, in this case the session time for reading the text with the device and reading the text without the device is distributed equally, the third stage includes reading the text without the device. In particular, the duration of the reading session is 10-15 minutes.

[0014] In particular, the duration of the first stage is 21-30 days, the second stage 14-35 days, the third stage 14-21 days.

[0015] In particular, the transition to the second stage of correction is carried out without recording errors during reading at the first stage, the transition to the third stage of correction without increasing the duration of the second stage is carried out when 1-2 errors per 3 lines are recorded when reading the text at the second stage, and the completion of correction is carried out when 1 error per 3-5 lines is recorded at the third stage when reading the text.

[0016] Also, the technical result is achieved due to the fact that the device for implementing the method of correcting dyslexia in children of primary school age is made in the form of a rectangular card, wherein the width of the card corresponds to the width of the line of the book text, with a hole, and the size of the hole corresponds to the size of two letters of the book text. In particular, the hole in the card is made in the upper left corner, upper right corner, lower left corner or lower right corner.

[0017] Brief description of the drawings:

[0018] Fig. 1 shows a general view of a book with a card with a window.

[0019] The figure shows: 1 - card; 2 - window for letters.

[0020] Implementation of the invention.

[0021] The device for correcting dyslexia in children of preschool age is a rectangular card (1) with a window for letters (2) in the upper left corner of the card (1). In alternative embodiments of the invention, the window may be located in the upper right, lower left or lower right corner of the card.

[0022] The presented variants of implementation of the claimed technical solution with different arrangement of the window on the card allow achieving the claimed technical result of the invention, since it ensures an increase in the speed and quality of reading, a reduction in errors when reading a book, as well as the formation of automaticity of sound-letter connections in children of primary school age.

[0023] The width of the card (1) is equal to the width of a line of text in the book, and the size of the window (2) corresponds to the size of two letters of the text in the book the child is reading. The method of correcting dyslexia in children of primary school age is used as follows.

[0024] The present invention covers an improved method for increasing the efficiency of reading in children of primary school age with dyslexia, where the child is provided with material and a device for reading. Corrective exercises are used to correct dyslexia, which are divided into three stages of correction.

[0025] The first stage of dyslexia correction consists of reading the text of a book with a card (1) with a letter window (2), applied by constantly moving the letter window (2) along the lines of text. By limiting the reading area and highlighting individual letters and syllables, control over the reading result and the formation of sound-letter connections is ensured. The duration of each reading session at the first stage for dyslexia correction is 13 minutes daily for 25 calendar days.

[0026] In alternative embodiments of the invention, the duration of a reading session is 10-15 minutes daily, and the duration of a course of dyslexia correction is 21-30 calendar days of daily training.

[0027] The presented variants of implementation of the claimed technical solution with different duration of the reading session and correction course allow achieving the claimed technical result of the invention, since it provides an increase in the speed and quality of reading, a decrease in errors when reading a book, the formation of automaticity of sound-letter connections, as well as an increase in the academic performance of children of preschool age. At this stage, there is no recording of errors when a child reads a book.

[0028] The second stage combines equal time reading of the text with a card (1) with a window for letters (2) and reading of the text without it. For this, the child is given the text of the book, half of the allotted time of which he reads with the card, and the other half without it for 10 minutes. The duration of this stage of correction is 14 days.

[0029] In alternative embodiments of the invention, the duration of a reading session is 10-15 minutes daily, and the duration of a course of dyslexia correction is 14-35 calendar days of daily training.

[0030] The presented variants of implementation of the claimed technical solution with different duration of the reading session and correction course allow achieving the claimed technical result of the invention, since the speed and quality of reading are increased, errors in reading a book are reduced, automaticity of sound-letter connections is formed, and the academic performance of children of school age is increased. At the end of this stage, a child of primary school age can normally make 1-2 errors per 3 lines of text in a book. With a greater number of errors, the duration of the second stage is increased to 35 days.

[0031] At the third stage of dyslexia correction in children of primary school age, the reading of the text of the book with card 1 is cancelled. Over the course of 21 days, the result is consolidated with 15 minutes of daily sessions of reading the text of the book without card 1.

[0032] In alternative embodiments of the invention, the duration of a reading session is 10-15 minutes daily, and the duration of a course of dyslexia correction is 14-21 calendar days of daily training.

[0033] The presented variants of implementation of the claimed technical solution with different duration of the reading session and correction course allow achieving the claimed technical result of the invention, since it provides an increase in the speed and quality of reading, a decrease in errors when reading a book, the formation of automaticity of sound-letter connections, as well as an increase in the academic performance of children of preschool age. Normally, at the third stage, 1 error is recorded when reading for 3-5 lines of text. If the number of errors does not increase, then the correction of dyslexia is completed.

[0034] The technical result of the invention consists in increasing the speed, quality of reading and assimilation of the material read, reducing errors when reading a book, developing automatic sound-letter connections, and increasing the academic performance of children of school age.

[0035] The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the method for correcting dyslexia in children of primary school age, including corrective exercises that are carried out in three stages, wherein the first stage includes reading the text with a device for correcting dyslexia in the form of a rectangular card, wherein the width of the card corresponds to the width of a line of text in the book, with a hole, in addition, the size of the hole corresponds to the size of two letters of the text in the book, is applied by constantly moving the device along the lines of text, the second stage includes reading the text with a device for correcting dyslexia, is applied by constantly moving the device along the lines of text and reading the text without the device, in this case the session time for reading the text with the device and reading the text without the device is distributed equally, the third stage includes reading the text without the device.

[0036] Also, the technical result is achieved due to the fact that the device for implementing the method of correcting dyslexia in children of primary school age is made in the form of a rectangular card, wherein the width of the card corresponds to the width of a line of text in a book, with a hole, and the size of the hole corresponds to the size of two letters of the text in the book.

[0037] According to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (https: / / mkblO.su / F81.html), dyslexia is classified as a specific disorder of learning disabilities (group F81). The main feature of this disorder is a specific, severe deficit in reading skills, which cannot be explained solely by the level of intelligence, the presence of problems associated with visual acuity or inadequate schooling. In this case, reading skills and assimilation of what has been read, speech skills of reading and performing tasks required when reading can be affected. The proportion of children with dyslexia today is about 6%, that is, there is such a child in almost every class. Another 10% suffer from reading comprehension disorders, which also refers to types of dyslexia.

[0038] A device and method for correcting dyslexia in primary school children were analyzed. The study was conducted on a group of children from grades 1 to 4 with stable development of dyslexia. After completing the third stage of dyslexia correction, 8 out of 10 students showed an improvement in reading skills, a decrease in the number of errors when reading the text of a book. The study showed an increase in the average reading speed from 30 words per minute to 50 words per minute, as well as an increase in the average grade point among children to 4.3. A card with a window helps to highlight individual letters and syllables, while at the same time monitoring the reading result and the formation of sound-letter connections is provided.

[0039] Individual cases of dyslexia correction in primary school children were also considered. An 8-year-old 2nd grade student was diagnosed with dyslexia. Before the correction, the reading speed was 20 words per minute, and the assimilation of the read text was 19%. Corrective exercises were conducted with her in accordance with the present invention. The first stage took 25 days, the second - 30 days, and the third stage was 16 days. During the correction of dyslexia, the child was given Leo Tolstoy's book "Two Comrades" to read. As a result, the reading speed increased to 50 words per minute, and the assimilation of the read text was 68%.

[0040] A 10-year-old fourth-grade student read the book "The Adventures of Captain Vrungel" by Andrey Nekrasov with a reading speed of 53 words per minute, but the child only learned 23% of what he read. After correcting dyslexia using this method, at the third stage of correction, 1 error per 4 lines of the text read was recorded, the reading speed increased to 85 words per minute, and the learning of what he read increased to 76%. Thus, the claimed invention allows to increase the reading speed by 56%, improve the quality of reading and increase the learning of what he read by 51%, reduce the number of errors when reading a book by 47%, form the automatism of sound-letter connections by narrowing and limiting the reading area to two letters of the book text, and also increase the academic performance of school-age children by 15%.

Claims

FORMULA 1. A method for correcting dyslexia in children of primary school age, including corrective exercises that are carried out in three stages, where the first stage includes reading a text with a device for correcting dyslexia according to paragraph.4, is applied by constantly moving the device along the lines of text, the second stage includes reading the text with a device for the correction of dyslexia, is applied by constantly moving the device along the lines of text, and reading the text without the device, in this case the session time for reading the text with the device and reading the text without the device is distributed equally, the third stage includes reading the text without the device, while the transition to the second stage of correction is carried out without recording errors when reading at the first stage, the transition to the third stage of correction without increasing the duration of the second stage is carried out when 1-2 errors per 3 lines are recorded when reading the text at the second stage, the completion of the correction is carried out when 1 error per 3-5 lines is recorded at the third stage when reading the text.

2. The method according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the duration of the reading session is 10-15 minutes.

3. The method according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the duration of the first stage is 21-30 days, the second stage 14-35 days, and the third stage 14-21 days.

4. A device for implementing a method for correcting dyslexia in children of primary school age, made in the form of a rectangular card, wherein the width of the card corresponds to the width of a line of text in a book, with a hole, moreover, the size of the hole corresponds to the size of two letters of the text in the book, while the hole in the card is made in the upper left corner, upper right corner, lower left corner or lower right corner. 8

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