Antenna element, antenna and communication device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of communications, and discloses an antenna element, an antenna and a communication device. The antenna element comprises a radiation arm, a feeder line and a decoupling branch, and the radiation arm is connected to the feeder line. The decoupling branch comprises a first branch and a second branch, the first branch is parallel to the feeder line, and the end of the first branch close to the radiation arm is connected to the feeder line, so that at least part of current of the first branch counteracts at least part of current of the feeder line. The second branch is located on the side of the first branch away from the radiation arm, the second branch is connected to the first branch, the second branch extends from the first branch to the side away from the feeder line, and the second branch is perpendicular to the feeder line, so that a gain drop point of another antenna element that generates common-mode induced current on the antenna element can be moved out of a working frequency band. According to the antenna provided by the present application, the feeder line of the antenna element is connected to the decoupling branch, so that the effect of improving directional diagram parameters of another antenna element that generates common-mode induced current on the antenna element can be achieved.

Description

Antenna vibrator, antenna and communication equipment

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of the People's Republic of China on July 31, 2023, with application number 202310947784.8 and invention name "An antenna vibrator, antenna and communication equipment", the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna vibrator, an antenna and a communication device. Background Art

[0004] Communication equipment such as base stations typically incorporate both high-frequency and low-frequency antenna elements. High-frequency antenna elements offer high signal transmission capacity, while low-frequency antenna elements offer strong resistance to signal attenuation. To reduce the size of communication equipment, these elements can be integrated into the same antenna array, creating a multi-frequency antenna.

[0005] In multi-band antennas, the spacing between the high-frequency and low-frequency antenna elements is typically small. Consequently, when the electromagnetic waves radiated by the low-frequency antenna element couple to the high-frequency antenna element, they generate common-mode resonance in the high-frequency antenna element. This induction current, in turn, stimulates low-frequency electromagnetic waves in the high-frequency antenna element's radiating portion and reflecting ground. These induced currents further stimulate low-frequency electromagnetic waves. These low-frequency electromagnetic waves are superimposed on the electromagnetic waves directly radiated by the low-frequency antenna element, degrading the low-frequency antenna's pattern parameters, such as gain stability and polarization suppression ratio.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present application provides an antenna element, an antenna, and a communication device to improve the directional pattern parameters of the antenna element.

[0008] In a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna element, which includes a radiating arm, a feeder line, and a decoupling branch, wherein the radiating arm is connected to the feeder line. The decoupling branch includes a first branch and a second branch, wherein the first branch is parallel to the feeder line, and the end of the first branch close to the radiating arm is connected to the feeder line. The second branch is located on the side of the first branch away from the radiating arm, the second branch is connected to the first branch, and the second branch extends from the first branch to the side away from the feeder line, and the second branch is perpendicular to the feeder line. In the antenna provided in the present application, by connecting the feeder line of the antenna element to the decoupling branch, the current of the first branch and the feeder line can be at least partially offset, thereby reducing the interference of the antenna element on other antenna elements that generate common-mode induced current on the antenna element. In addition, since the second branch extends to the side away from the feeder line, the gain drop point of other antenna elements that generate common-mode induced current on the antenna element can be moved outside the operating frequency band, thereby effectively improving the directional pattern parameters such as the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability of other antenna elements, while also avoiding affecting the radiation of the antenna element itself that is equipped with the decoupling branch.

[0009] In one possible implementation of the present application, when configuring the decoupling branch, the length of the first branch is 0.125 to 0.25 times the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the antenna element. By setting the length of the first branch within this range, the current flowing between the first branch and the electrode line of the feeder can at least partially offset each other, thereby significantly reducing interference from the antenna element with other antenna elements that generate common-mode induced currents on the antenna element.

[0010] In addition, the length of the second branch is 0.125 to 0.25 times the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the antenna element. This allows the resonant point of gain loss of other antenna elements that generate common-mode induced current on the antenna element to be outside the operating frequency band, thereby reducing interference from the antenna element to other antenna elements, thereby improving the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability of other antenna elements.

[0011] Based on the above introduction to the lengths of the first branch and the second branch of the decoupling branch, the sum of the length of the first branch and the length of the second branch is 0.25 to 0.5 times the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the antenna element, so as to improve the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability and other directional pattern parameters of other antenna elements that generate common-mode induced current on the antenna element.

[0012] In one possible implementation of the present application, the length of the first branch is less than or equal to the length of the feeder line. This allows the first branch to partially offset the current flowing in the electrode line of the feeder line, thereby reducing interference from the antenna element with other antenna elements that may generate common-mode induced current on the antenna element.

[0013] In one possible implementation of the present application, when connecting the first branch to the feeder line, the end of the first branch closest to the radiating arm can be connected to the end of the feeder line connected to the radiating arm. This can help offset the currents in the first branch and the electrode line of the feeder line, thereby helping to reduce interference from the antenna element on other antenna elements that generate common-mode induced currents on the antenna element.

[0014] Since the feed line may generally include a first electrode line and a second electrode line, wherein the first electrode line and the second electrode line are arranged in parallel, in the present application, the end of the first branch close to the radiation arm may be connected to at least one of the first electrode line and the second electrode line.

[0015] For example, in one possible implementation of the present application, the end of the first branch near the radiating arm is connected to the first electrode line. The decoupling branch can be coplanar with the first electrode line, which simplifies the connection between the first branch and the first electrode line. Furthermore, the plane where the decoupling branch is located can also be perpendicular to and intersect the plane where the first electrode line is located, which can be designed based on the specific structure of the antenna.

[0016] For example, in another possible implementation of the present application, the end of the first branch near the radiating arm is connected to the second electrode line. The decoupling branch can be coplanar with the second electrode line, which simplifies the connection between the first branch and the second electrode line. Furthermore, the plane where the decoupling branch is located can also be perpendicular to and intersect the plane where the second electrode line is located, which can be designed based on the specific structure of the antenna.

[0017] For another example, in another possible implementation of the present application, the antenna element includes two decoupling branches, each of which can be connected to an electrode line of the feeder line. Specifically, the end of the first branch of one decoupling branch near the radiating arm is connected to the first electrode line, and the end of the first branch of the other decoupling branch near the radiating arm is connected to the second electrode line.

[0018] It is understood that when the antenna element includes two decoupling branches, one decoupling branch can be arranged coplanar with the first electrode line to facilitate connection between the first branch and the first electrode line. Alternatively, depending on the specific structure of the antenna, the plane in which the one decoupling branch is located can be designed to be perpendicular to and intersect the plane in which the first electrode line is located.

[0019] In addition, the other of the two decoupling branches can be arranged coplanar with the second electrode line to facilitate connection between the first branch and the second electrode line. Alternatively, the antenna can be designed such that the plane where the other decoupling branch is located is perpendicular to and intersects the plane where the second electrode line is located, depending on the specific structure of the antenna.

[0020] In one possible implementation of the present application, in addition to the aforementioned structure, the antenna element may also include two dielectric substrates, arranged perpendicularly and intersecting each other, with each substrate perpendicular to the reflector. The antenna element's feeder and other structures, such as decoupling branches, may be disposed on the two dielectric substrates. For example, the feeder may be a microstrip line structure, and each dielectric substrate may be provided with a feeder. The first and second electrode lines of each feeder are disposed on the respective surfaces of the corresponding dielectric substrate to prevent short circuits between the two electrode lines of the feeder.

[0021] In one possible implementation of the present application, the radiating arms include a first radiating arm, a second radiating arm, a third radiating arm, and a fourth radiating arm. The first radiating arm and the second radiating arm may be disposed on one dielectric substrate, and the third radiating arm and the fourth radiating arm may be disposed on another dielectric substrate. Furthermore, the first radiating arm, the second radiating arm, the third radiating arm, and the fourth radiating arm are disposed on a common radiating plane. The end of the first branch proximal to the radiating arm is located on the aforementioned radiating plane, which facilitates the cancellation of currents in the first branch and the electrode line of the feeder, thereby reducing interference of the antenna element with the low-frequency antenna element.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present application further provides an antenna comprising a reflector and an antenna element of the first aspect, wherein the antenna element is disposed on a side surface of the reflector, and the first branch is perpendicular to the reflector. In the antenna provided in the present application, by connecting the feeder line of the antenna element to the decoupling branch, the current of the first branch and the feeder line can be at least partially offset, thereby reducing the interference of the antenna element with other antenna elements in its vicinity. In addition, since the second branch extends to the side away from the feeder line, the gain drop point of other antenna elements that generate common-mode induced current on the antenna element can be moved outside the operating frequency band of the other antenna elements, thereby effectively improving the directional pattern parameters such as the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability of other antenna elements, while also avoiding affecting the radiation of the antenna element itself provided with the decoupling branch.

[0023] On the third aspect, the present application also provides an antenna, which includes a reflector and an antenna element, wherein the antenna element is arranged on one side surface of the reflector, and the antenna element includes a feeder and a decoupling branch. The decoupling branch includes a first branch and a second branch, wherein the first branch is perpendicular to the reflector, and the end of the first branch away from the reflector is connected to the feeder. The second branch is located on the side of the first branch close to the reflector, the second branch is connected to the first branch, and the second branch extends from the first branch to the side away from the feeder, and the second branch is parallel to the reflector. In the antenna provided in the present application, by connecting the feeder of the antenna element to the decoupling branch, the currents of the first branch and the feeder can be at least partially offset, thereby reducing the interference of the antenna element on other antenna elements nearby. In addition, since the second branch extends toward the side away from the feeder line, the gain drop point of other antenna elements near the antenna element can be moved outside the operating frequency band of the other antenna elements. This can effectively improve the directional pattern parameters such as the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability of other antenna elements while avoiding affecting the radiation of the antenna element itself that is provided with the decoupling branch.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the antenna provided herein is a multi-frequency antenna, in which case the antenna elements may include at least one low-frequency antenna element and at least one high-frequency antenna element. Furthermore, the aforementioned feeder is used to feed the high-frequency antenna element. This effectively reduces interference from the high-frequency antenna element on the low-frequency antenna element in this multi-frequency antenna, thereby improving the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability of the low-frequency antenna element and improving the radiation performance of the high-frequency antenna element itself.

[0025] In one possible implementation of the present application, when configuring the decoupling branch, the length of the first branch is 0.125 to 0.25 times the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the high-frequency antenna element. By setting the length of the first branch within this range, the current flowing between the first branch and the electrode line of the feeder can at least partially offset each other, significantly reducing interference from the high-frequency antenna element to the low-frequency antenna element.

[0026] In addition, the length of the second branch is 0.125 to 0.25 times the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the high-frequency antenna vibrator. This allows the resonance point of the low-frequency antenna's gain reduction to be outside the low-frequency antenna's operating frequency band, thereby reducing interference from the high-frequency antenna vibrator on the low-frequency antenna vibrator, thereby improving the low-frequency antenna's polarization suppression ratio and gain stability and other directional parameters.

[0027] Based on the above introduction to the lengths of the first branch and the second branch of the decoupling branch, the sum of the length of the first branch and the length of the second branch is 0.25 to 0.5 times the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the high-frequency antenna vibrator, so as to improve the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability and other directional pattern parameters of the low-frequency antenna vibrator.

[0028] In one possible implementation of the present application, a certain distance is provided between the second branch and the surface of the reflector to prevent a short circuit between the second branch and the reflector. The distance between the second branch and the reflector can be less than or equal to 0.1 times the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the high-frequency antenna vibrator. This not only shifts the gain-loss resonance point of the low-frequency antenna vibrator outside the operating frequency band of the low-frequency antenna vibrator, but also avoids affecting the radiation of the high-frequency antenna vibrator itself.

[0029] In one possible implementation of the present application, the length of the first branch is less than or equal to the length of the feeder line. This allows the first branch and the current in the electrode line of the feeder line to partially offset each other, thereby reducing the interference of the high-frequency antenna element on the low-frequency antenna element.

[0030] In one possible implementation of the present application, when connecting the first branch to the feeder, the end of the first branch away from the reflector can be connected to the end of the feeder away from the reflector. This can help offset the currents in the first branch and the electrode lines of the feeder, thereby reducing interference from the high-frequency antenna element on the low-frequency antenna element.

[0031] Since the feed line may generally include a first electrode line and a second electrode line, wherein the first electrode line is perpendicular to the reflector, the second electrode line is perpendicular to the reflector, and the second electrode line is connected to the reflector, the first electrode line is a positive electrode line and the second electrode line is a negative electrode line. In the present application, the end of the first branch away from the reflector may be connected to at least one of the first electrode line and the second electrode line.

[0032] For example, in one possible implementation of the present application, the end of the first branch away from the reflector is connected to the first electrode line. The decoupling branch can be coplanar with the first electrode line, which can simplify the connection between the first branch and the first electrode line. Furthermore, the plane where the decoupling branch is located can also be perpendicular to and intersect with the plane where the first electrode line is located, which can be designed based on the specific structure of the antenna.

[0033] For example, in another possible implementation of the present application, the end of the first branch away from the reflector is connected to the second electrode line. The decoupling branch can be coplanar with the second electrode line, which can simplify the connection between the first branch and the second electrode line. Furthermore, the plane where the decoupling branch is located can also be perpendicular to and intersect with the plane where the second electrode line is located, which can be designed based on the specific structure of the antenna.

[0034] For example, in another possible implementation of the present application, the high-frequency antenna element includes two decoupling branches, each of which can be connected to an electrode line of the feeder line. Specifically, the end of the first branch of one of the decoupling branches, which is away from the reflector, is connected to the first electrode line, and the end of the first branch of the other decoupling branch, which is away from the reflector, is connected to the second electrode line.

[0035] It is understood that when the high-frequency antenna element includes two decoupling branches, one decoupling branch can be arranged coplanar with the first electrode line to facilitate connection between the first branch and the first electrode line. Alternatively, depending on the specific structure of the antenna, the plane in which the one decoupling branch is located can be designed to be perpendicular to and intersect the plane in which the first electrode line is located.

[0036] In addition, the other of the two decoupling branches can be arranged coplanar with the second electrode line to facilitate connection between the first branch and the second electrode line. Alternatively, the antenna can be designed such that the plane where the other decoupling branch is located is perpendicular to and intersects the plane where the second electrode line is located, depending on the specific structure of the antenna.

[0037] In one possible implementation of the present application, in addition to the aforementioned structure, the high-frequency antenna element may further include two dielectric substrates, the two dielectric substrates being arranged perpendicularly and intersecting, with each dielectric substrate being perpendicular to the reflector. The high-frequency antenna element's feeder and other structures, such as decoupling branches, may be disposed on the two dielectric substrates. For example, the feeder may be a microstrip line structure, and each dielectric substrate may be provided with a feeder line, wherein the first and second electrode lines of each feeder line are disposed on the respective surfaces of the corresponding dielectric substrate to prevent short circuits between the two electrode lines of the feeder line.

[0038] In one possible implementation of the present application, the high-frequency antenna element further includes a first radiating arm, a second radiating arm, a third radiating arm, and a fourth radiating arm, wherein the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm can be disposed on one dielectric substrate, and the third radiating arm and the fourth radiating arm can be disposed on another dielectric substrate. In addition, the first radiating arm, the second radiating arm, the third radiating arm, and the fourth radiating arm are disposed on a common radiating surface. The end of the first branch away from the reflector is located on the above-mentioned radiating surface, which facilitates the offsetting of the currents on the first branch and the electrode line of the feeder, thereby facilitating the reduction of interference of the high-frequency antenna element on the low-frequency antenna element.

[0039] In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a communications device, comprising the antenna element of the first aspect, or the antenna of the second or third aspect. The communications device may be, but is not limited to, a base station, radar, or other device. In this communications device, by providing a decoupling branch in the antenna element, it is possible to improve the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability of other antenna elements that generate common-mode induced current on the antenna element while not affecting the radiation of the antenna element itself, thereby improving the communication performance of the communications device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture applicable to the antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna feeding system of a base station provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna of a base station provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG4 is a simplified structural diagram of a dual-band antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] FIG5 is a simplified structural diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of another dielectric substrate of the high-frequency antenna element of the antenna provided in FIG6 ;

[0047] FIG8 is a curve showing the gain simulation results of the low-frequency antenna element of the antenna shown in FIG6 and FIG7;

[0048] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of another partial structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of another dielectric substrate of the high-frequency antenna element of the antenna provided in FIG9 ;

[0050] FIG11 is another partial structural diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of another dielectric substrate of the high-frequency antenna element of the antenna provided in FIG11 ;

[0052] FIG13 is another partial structural diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] FIG14 is a schematic diagram showing a connection method between a first electrode line and a corresponding decoupling branch on another dielectric substrate of the high-frequency antenna element of the antenna provided in FIG13 ;

[0054] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of another partial structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] FIG16 is a schematic diagram showing a connection method between a second electrode line and a corresponding decoupling branch on another dielectric substrate of the high-frequency antenna element of the antenna provided in FIG15 .

[0056] Figure numerals: 10-antenna; 1-radiating part; 2-reflector; 3-feeding structure; 301-transmission component; 302-calibration network; 303-phase shifter; 304-combiner; 305-filter; 101-high-frequency antenna element; 102-low-frequency antenna element; 1011-feeding line; 10111-first electrode line; 10112-second electrode line; 1012-decoupling branch; 10121-first branch; 10122-second branch; 1013-radiating arm; 10131-first radiating arm; 10132-second radiating arm; 10133-third radiating arm; 10134-fourth radiating arm; 1014-dielectric substrate; 20-pole; 30-antenna adjustment bracket; 40-radome; 50-RF processing unit; 60-signal processing unit; 70-cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The terms used in the following examples are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present application. As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the singular expressions "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include expressions such as "one or more," unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this specification, the terms "including," "having," and their variations all mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0058] In order to facilitate the understanding of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application, its application scenario is explained below. The antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to communication equipment such as base stations. Referring to Figure 1, Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture applicable to the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application. The system architecture may include communication equipment and terminals, and wireless communication can be achieved between the communication equipment and the terminals. Among them, the communication equipment may be, for example, a base station, and the communication equipment may be located in a base station subsystem (BBS), a terrestrial radio access network (UMTS terrestrial radio access network, UTRAN) or an evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRAN), and is used to provide cell coverage of wireless signals to achieve connection between the terminal equipment and the radio frequency end of the wireless network. Specifically, the base station can be a base station (base transceiver station, BTS) in a GSM or CDMA system, a base station (NodeB, NB) in a WCDMA system, an evolutionary base station (eNB or eNodeB) in a long term evolution (LTE) system, or a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario, or the base station can also be a relay station, an access point, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a base station in a 5G network, or a base station in a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN), etc., for example, a new wireless base station, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0059] Referring to Figure 2, a schematic diagram of the structure of a base station antenna feed system provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. The base station antenna feed system typically includes an antenna 10, a mast 20, an antenna adjustment bracket 30, and other structures. The base station antenna 10 is typically mounted within a radome 40. The radome 40 has excellent electrical electromagnetic wave penetration characteristics and mechanical properties that can withstand harsh external environments, thereby protecting the antenna system from external environmental influences. The radome 40 can be mounted on the mast 20 or tower via the antenna adjustment bracket 30 to facilitate signal reception or transmission by the antenna 10.

[0060] In addition, the base station may also include a radio frequency processing unit 50 and a signal processing unit 60. The radio frequency processing unit 50 may be configured to perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the wireless signal received by the antenna 10, converting it into an intermediate frequency signal or baseband signal and transmitting it to the signal processing unit 60. Alternatively, the signal processing unit 60 may be configured to convert the intermediate frequency signal or the intermediate frequency signal into an electromagnetic wave through the antenna 10 after up-conversion and amplification, and then transmit it. The signal processing unit 60 may be connected to the feed structure of the antenna 10 via the radio frequency processing unit 50, and may be configured to process the intermediate frequency signal or baseband signal transmitted by the radio frequency processing unit 50.

[0061] In the embodiment shown in FIG2 , the RF processing unit 50 may be integrally provided with the antenna 10, and the signal processing unit 60 may be located at the distal end of the antenna 10. In other possible embodiments, the RF processing unit 50 and the signal processing unit 60 may be simultaneously located at the distal end of the antenna 10. In the embodiment of the present application, the RF processing unit 50 and the signal processing unit 60 may be connected via a cable 70.

[0062] More specifically, Figures 2 and 3 may be referenced together. Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 3, the base station antenna 10 may include a radiating portion 1 and a reflector 2. The radiating portion 1, which may also be referred to as an antenna element or vibrator, is a unit that constitutes the basic structure of an antenna array and can effectively radiate or receive radio waves. In the antenna 10, the operating frequencies of the various radiating portions 1 may be the same or different.

[0063] Reflector 2, which can also be referred to as a base plate, antenna panel, or metal reflective surface, improves the antenna signal's reception sensitivity by focusing the reflected antenna signal at the receiving point. Furthermore, reflector 2 enables directional radiation of the antenna signal, improving the radiation performance of antenna 10. Radiating portion 1 is typically located on one side of reflector 2. This not only significantly enhances antenna 10's signal reception or transmission capabilities but also blocks and shields other radio waves from the other side of reflector 2, potentially interfering with signal reception.

[0064] In the base station antenna 10, the radiating element 1 can receive or transmit radio frequency signals via its respective feed structure 3. The feed structure 3 typically consists of a controlled impedance transmission line. It feeds wireless signals to the radiating element 1 at a predetermined amplitude and phase, or transmits received wireless signals at a predetermined amplitude and phase to the base station's signal processing unit 60. As shown in Figure 3, the feed structure 3 can also achieve different radiation beam directions through a transmission component 301 or connect to a calibration network 302 to obtain calibration signals required by the system. Furthermore, the feed structure 3 may include a phase shifter 303 to change the maximum direction of antenna signal radiation. Furthermore, the feed structure 3 may also include modules such as a combiner 304 and a filter 305 to enhance performance. The combiner 304 can be used to combine signals of different frequencies into one channel for transmission through the antenna 10. Alternatively, it can be used to multiplex signals received by the antenna 10 according to their frequencies and transmit them to the signal processing unit 60 for processing. The filter 305 can be used to filter out interference signals.

[0065] Currently, the number of antennas on base station towers is increasing, but the available space is limited. Therefore, multi-band antennas, which integrate antenna arrays for multiple frequency bands, are gradually becoming the mainstream development direction of antennas. Common multi-band antennas include dual-band antennas and tri-band antennas. It can be understood that dual-band antennas operate in two frequency bands, while tri-band antennas operate in three frequency bands.

[0066] Taking a dual-band antenna as an example, refer to Figure 4, which is a simplified schematic diagram of the dual-band antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application. The dual-band antenna includes a high-frequency antenna element 101 and a low-frequency antenna element 102 disposed in the same antenna array plane. In this embodiment of the present application, the specific operating frequencies of the high-frequency antenna element 101 and the low-frequency antenna element 102 are not limited. However, the operating frequency of the high-frequency antenna element 101 is higher than the operating frequency of the low-frequency antenna element 102. For example, the operating frequency of the high-frequency antenna element 101 can be 30% higher than the operating frequency of the low-frequency antenna element 102.

[0067] Continuing with Figure 4, in this dual-band antenna, high-frequency antenna element 101 and low-frequency antenna element 102 are positioned close together, with the maximum spacing between them sometimes being less than 0.5 times the wavelength of low-frequency antenna element 102. This wavelength can be understood as the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of low-frequency antenna element 102 in a vacuum environment, thus forming a common aperture antenna. By using common aperture technology, antenna elements for two or even multiple frequency bands are arranged on the same antenna array plane, significantly reducing the overall dimensions of the multi-band antenna, achieving the application advantages of miniaturization, lightweightness, and ease of deployment.

[0068] However, referring to FIG. 4 , in a common-aperture antenna, the spacing between high-frequency antenna element 101 and low-frequency antenna element 102 is relatively small. Consequently, when the electromagnetic waves radiated by low-frequency antenna element 102 couple to high-frequency antenna element 101, common-mode resonance is generated within high-frequency antenna element 101. This in turn generates low-frequency common-mode induced currents in the radiating portion and reflection ground of high-frequency antenna element 101. These common-mode induced currents further generate low-frequency electromagnetic waves. These low-frequency electromagnetic waves are superimposed on the electromagnetic waves directly radiated by low-frequency antenna element 102, deteriorating the directional parameters of low-frequency antenna element 102, such as gain stability and polarization suppression ratio.

[0069] Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna that can improve the directional pattern parameters such as the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability of the low-frequency antenna element 102 in the antenna while ensuring the radiation efficiency and working stability of the high-frequency antenna element 101.

[0070] Referring to Figure 5, Figure 5 is a simplified structural diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. The antenna includes a reflector 2 and an antenna vibrator arranged on one side surface of the reflector 2. The material of the reflector 2 can be, but is not limited to, metals such as gold, silver, copper, iron, and aluminum, or alloys such as stainless steel, aluminum alloy, and nickel alloy. In an embodiment of the present application, the antenna vibrator may include at least one low-frequency antenna vibrator 102 and at least one high-frequency antenna vibrator 101. The low-frequency antenna vibrator 102 is located on the circumference of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101. The low-frequency antenna vibrator 102 and the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 can be, but are not limited to, arranged in an array on the same side of the reflector 2.

[0071] Continuing with FIG5 , in the embodiment of the present application, the high-frequency antenna element 101 may further include a feed line 1011 and a decoupling branch 1012. The feed line 1011 may be used to feed the high-frequency antenna element 101, while the decoupling branch 1012 may be connected to the feed line 1011. The decoupling branch 1012 is used to shift the gain drop point of the low-frequency antenna element 102 outside the operating frequency band, thereby improving the directional pattern parameters of the low-frequency antenna element 102. For specific implementation, FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. FIG6 omits the structure of the low-frequency antenna element 102. In the embodiment of the present application, the feed line 1011 may include a first electrode line 10111 and a second electrode line 10112. For example, the first electrode line 10111 may be a positive electrode line, and the second electrode line 10112 may be a negative electrode line. The second electrode line 10112 may be connected to the reflector 2.

[0072] In the present application, the feed line 1011 is perpendicular to the surface of the reflector 2, and the first electrode line 10111 and the second electrode line 10112 are both perpendicular to the surface of the reflector 2. In the present application, the specific configuration of the feed line 1011 is not limited. For example, the feed line 1011 can be a microstrip line structure, a coaxial feed line, a stripline, or a coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission line. In the embodiments of the present application, the structure of the antenna is described using the feed line 1011 as a microstrip line structure as an example.

[0073] Continuing with FIG6 , when the feed line 1011 is a microstrip line structure, to avoid shorting the first electrode line 10111 and the second electrode line 10112, the first electrode line 10111 and the second electrode line 10112 can be located on two spaced-apart surfaces. Specifically, the high-frequency antenna element 101 can include a dielectric substrate 1014. The dielectric substrate 1014 can be perpendicular to the reflector 2, i.e., the two opposing surfaces of the dielectric substrate 1014 are perpendicular to the surface of the reflector 2. Thus, the first electrode line 10111 and the second electrode line 10112 can be located on two opposing surfaces of the dielectric substrate 1014, with the first electrode line 10111 and the second electrode line 10112 being disposed opposite each other, thereby separating the first electrode line 10111 and the second electrode line 10112 from each other by the dielectric substrate 1014. In the present application, the specific configuration of the dielectric substrate 1014 is not limited. An exemplary configuration thereof may be a printed circuit board (PCB). In this way, the first electrode line 10111 and the second electrode line 10112 may be traces disposed on both sides of the PCB. The material thereof may be, but is not limited to, metal such as copper, thereby simplifying the formation of the feed line 1011.

[0074] Continuing with FIG6 , the high-frequency antenna element 101 may include a radiating arm 1013, wherein the radiating arm 1013 may include a first radiating arm 10131 and a second radiating arm 10132. The first radiating arm 10131 and the second radiating arm 10132 are located on the same radiating plane, and the radiating plane is parallel to the surface of the reflector 2. In the present application, the feed line 1011 may be located between the radiating plane and the reflector 2. In addition, the first electrode line 10111 may be connected to the first radiating arm 10131, and the second electrode line 10112 may be connected to the second radiating arm 10132. Specifically, the end of the first electrode line 10111 away from the reflector 2 may be connected to the first radiating arm 10131, and the end of the second electrode line 10112 away from the reflector 2 may be connected to the second radiating arm 10132, thereby enabling the feed line 1011 to feed the first radiating arm 10131 and the second radiating arm 10132. It is worth mentioning that, since the two electrode lines of the feeding line 1011 are respectively connected to the corresponding radiation arms, the end of the feeding line 1011 away from the reflection plate 2 can be located on the radiation surface.

[0075] In the present application, the first electrode line 10111 can be arranged coplanarly with the first radiating arm 10131, and the second electrode line 10112 can be arranged coplanarly with the second radiating arm 10132, which can effectively avoid interference between the electrode lines and the radiating arms. Since the dielectric substrate 1014 can be a PCB, in the embodiment of the present application, the first radiating arm 10131 and the second radiating arm 10132 can also be traces arranged on the surface of the PCB. In addition, the first electrode line 10111 and the first radiating arm 10131 can be an integrally formed structure, and the second electrode line 10112 and the second radiating arm 10132 can be an integrally formed structure, thereby simplifying the structure of the high-frequency antenna and reducing the impedance between the first electrode line 10111 and the first radiating arm 10131, and between the second electrode line 10112 and the second radiating arm 10132.

[0076] When specifically setting the decoupling branch 1012, referring to FIG. 6 , the decoupling branch 1012 includes a first branch 10121 and a second branch 10122. The first branch 10121 is perpendicular to the surface of the reflector 2. Since the feed line 1011 is perpendicular to the surface of the reflector 2, the first branch 10121 is parallel to the feed line 1011. The second branch 10122 is located on a side of the first branch 10121 close to the reflector 2, that is, on a side of the first branch 10121 away from the radiation arm 1013. In addition, the second branch 10122 is connected to the first branch 10121, and the second branch 10122 extends from the first branch 10121 in a direction away from the feeder 1011, and the second branch 10122 is parallel to the reflector 2, and the feeder 1011 and the first branch 10121 are perpendicular to the reflector 2, then the second branch 10122 is perpendicular to the feeder 1011 and the first branch 10121.

[0077] It is worth mentioning that in the present application, the decoupling branch 1012 can be set with reference to the setting method of the feed line 1011. Specifically, the first branch 10121 and the second branch 10122 can be arranged as traces on the surface of the dielectric substrate 1014, and their material can be but is not limited to copper or other metals, thereby simplifying the formation method of the decoupling branch 1012.

[0078] In the embodiment of the present application, the specific length of first branch 10121 is not limited. For example, the length of first branch 10121 can be 0.125 to 0.25 times the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of high-frequency antenna element 101. Since the current flowing in first branch 10121 and the induced current flowing in the electrode lines of feeder 1011 are opposite when low-frequency antenna element 102 is operating, setting the length of first branch 10121 to the aforementioned value can at least partially offset the current flowing in first branch 10121 and the electrode lines of feeder 1011, thereby significantly reducing the interference of high-frequency antenna element 101 on low-frequency antenna element 102. Furthermore, in the present application, the length of first branch 10121 can be less than or equal to the length of feeder 1011. Similar to the above principle, by setting the length of first branch 10121 to be less than or equal to the length of feeder 1011, the interference of high-frequency antenna element 101 on low-frequency antenna element 102 can also be reduced.

[0079] In the present application, the length of the second branch 10122 can also be 0.125 to 0.25 times the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101. In this way, the resonance point of the gain loss of the low-frequency antenna vibrator 102 can be placed outside the operating frequency band of the low-frequency antenna vibrator 102 to reduce the interference of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 on the low-frequency antenna vibrator 102, thereby improving the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability and other directional pattern parameters of the low-frequency antenna vibrator 102.

[0080] Based on the above description of the lengths of the first branch 10121 and the second branch 10122 of the decoupling branch 1012, in the present application, the sum of the length of the first branch 10121 and the length of the second branch 10122 can be 0.25 to 0.5 times the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the high-frequency antenna element 101, so as to improve the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability and other directional pattern parameters of the low-frequency antenna element 102.

[0081] In addition, in the present application, the line widths of the first branch 10121 and the second branch 10122 of the decoupling branch 1012 are not limited. They can be set according to the impedance requirements of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 to facilitate the impedance matching of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 itself, thereby reducing the impact of the decoupling branch 1012 on the radiation of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 itself.

[0082] It is understandable that, in the present application, a certain distance is provided between the second branch 10122 and the surface of the reflector 2 to prevent a short circuit between the second branch 10122 and the reflector 2. The present embodiment does not limit the distance between the second branch 10122 and the surface of the reflector 2. For example, the distance between the second branch 10122 and the surface of the reflector 2 can be 0.1 times the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the high-frequency antenna oscillator 101. Such a design not only moves the gain-loss resonance point of the low-frequency antenna oscillator 102 outside the operating frequency band of the low-frequency antenna oscillator 102, but also avoids affecting the radiation of the high-frequency antenna oscillator 101 itself.

[0083] 6 , when specifically connecting the decoupling branch 1012 to the feeder 1011, the end of the first branch 10121 away from the reflector 2 can be connected to the feeder 1011. The decoupling branch 1012 is also located between the radiating arm 1013 and the reflector 2, and the end of the first branch 10121 away from the reflector 2 is also the end of the first branch 10121 close to the radiating arm 1013.

[0084] Since the feed line 1011 includes a first electrode line 10111 and a second electrode line 10112, in the antenna shown in FIG6 , the high-frequency antenna element 101 includes two decoupling branches 1012, wherein the end of the first branch 10121 of one decoupling branch 1012 away from the reflector 2 is connected to the first electrode line 10111, and the end of the first branch 10121 of the other decoupling branch 1012 away from the reflector 2 is connected to the second electrode line 10112. In a specific implementation, one decoupling branch 1012 can be coplanar with the first electrode line 10111, and the other decoupling branch 1012 can be coplanar with the second electrode line 10112. Exemplarily, one decoupling branch 1012 and the first electrode line 10111 can both be arranged on one surface of the dielectric substrate 1014, and the other decoupling branch 1012 and the second electrode line 10112 can both be arranged on the other surface of the dielectric substrate 1014. Then, the two decoupling branches 1012 can also be routing lines formed on the dielectric substrate 1014. In addition, each decoupling branch 1012 can also be an integrally formed structure with the coplanar electrode lines and the radiation arms, thereby simplifying the processing technology of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 to improve the processing efficiency of the high-frequency antenna.

[0085] When specifically connecting the decoupling branch 1012 to the corresponding electrode line, the connection method between the decoupling branch 1012 and the first electrode line 10111 is used for illustration. As shown in FIG6 , the distance between the end of the first branch 10121 away from the reflector 2 and the emitting plate is equal to the distance between the end of the first electrode line 10111 away from the reflector 2 and the emitting plate. Therefore, the end of the first branch 10121 away from the reflector 2 can be flush with and connected to the end of the first electrode line 10111 away from the reflector 2. At this time, the connection line between the first branch 10121 and the first electrode line 10111 is parallel to the surface of the reflector 2. In some other possible embodiments of the present application, the end of the first branch 10121 away from the reflector 2 may be close to the reflector 2 relative to the end of the first electrode line 10111 away from the reflector 2. At this time, the connection line between the end of the first branch 10121 away from the reflector 2 and the first electrode line 10111 may be parallel to the surface of the reflector 2, so that the end of the first branch 10121 away from the reflector 2 is connected to the middle position of the first electrode line 10111; in addition, the end of the first branch 10121 away from the reflector 2 can also be connected to the end of the first electrode line 10111 away from the reflector 2. At this time, the connection line between the first branch 10121 and the first electrode line 10111 may be at a certain angle to the surface of the reflector 2.

[0086] It is worth mentioning that, since the end of the feed line 1011 away from the reflector 2 is located on the radiation surface where the radiation arm 1013 of the high-frequency antenna element 101 is located, in a possible embodiment of the present application, the end of the first branch 10121 away from the reflector 2 can be close to or located on the radiation surface. Moreover, since the distance between the second branch 10122 and the reflector 2 is small, when the low-frequency antenna element 102 is operating, the direction of the current on the first branch 10121 is opposite to the direction of the induced current generated on the feed line 1011. Therefore, the current on the first branch 10121 can offset the induced current generated on the feed line 1011, thereby significantly reducing the interference of the high-frequency antenna element 101 on the low-frequency antenna element 102.

[0087] In the embodiment shown in FIG6 , the connection method between the decoupling branch 1012 and the second electrode line 10112 is similar to the connection method between the decoupling branch 1012 and the first electrode line 10111, and a detailed description thereof will not be given here. Furthermore, it will be understood that, in the embodiment shown in FIG6 , the decoupling branch 1012 connected to the first electrode line 10111 and the first radiating arm 10131 are located on either side of the first electrode line 10111, and the decoupling branch 1012 connected to the second electrode line 10112 and the second radiating arm 10132 are located on either side of the second electrode line 10112. In other possible embodiments of the present application, the decoupling branch 1012 connected to the first electrode line 10111 and the first radiating arm 10131 may also be located on the same side of the first electrode line 10111, and the decoupling branch 1012 connected to the second electrode line 10112 and the second radiating arm 10132 may also be located on the same side of the second electrode line 10112. Therefore, this application does not limit the relative positions of the decoupling branch 1012 connected to the first electrode line 10111 and the first radiation arm 10131 and the first electrode line 10111, and the relative positions of the decoupling branch 1012 connected to the second electrode line 10112 and the second radiation arm 10132 and the second electrode line 10112.

[0088] Continuing with Figure 6 , the high-frequency antenna element 101 may include two dielectric substrates 1014, which are arranged perpendicularly and intersecting. The two dielectric substrates 1014 can be assembled by plugging together, making the assembly of the high-frequency antenna element 101 more flexible. In one possible embodiment of the present application, the two dielectric substrates 1014 of the high-frequency antenna element 101 may also be an integrally formed structure, which can effectively improve the structural reliability of the high-frequency antenna element 101.

[0089] In Figure 6 , to facilitate the description of the specific configuration of the feed line 1011, decoupling branch 1012, and radiating arm 1013 of the high-frequency antenna element 101, only the structure on one dielectric substrate 1014 of the high-frequency antenna element 101 is shown. Next, to further describe the antenna shown in Figure 6 , reference is made to Figure 7 , which is a schematic diagram of the structure of another dielectric substrate of the high-frequency antenna element 101 of the antenna shown in Figure 6 . Similarly, to facilitate the description of the structure of the other dielectric substrate of the high-frequency antenna element 101, Figure 7 omits the feed line 1011, decoupling branch 1012, and radiating arm 1013 of one dielectric substrate of the high-frequency antenna element 101 shown in Figure 6 . 6 and 7 , in the embodiment of the present application, the high-frequency antenna element 101 may further include a third radiating arm 10133 and a fourth radiating arm 10134. The first radiating arm 10131 and the second radiating arm 10132 are disposed on one dielectric substrate 1014, while the third radiating arm 10133 and the fourth radiating arm 10134 are disposed on another dielectric substrate 1014. Furthermore, the first radiating arm 10131, the second radiating arm 10132, the third radiating arm 10133, and the fourth radiating arm 10134 may be disposed on a common radiating plane.

[0090] As shown in Figures 6 and 7 , in the present application, each dielectric substrate 1014 of the high-frequency antenna element 101 may be provided with a feeder line 1011. The first electrode line 10111 and the second electrode line 10112 of each feeder line 1011 are disposed on two opposing surfaces of the corresponding dielectric substrate 1014, and the feeder line 1011 of each dielectric substrate 1014 is connected to the first branch 10121 of the corresponding decoupling branch 1012. The feeder lines 1011 of the two dielectric substrates 1014 may be arranged in the same or different manner. For example, in the antennas shown in Figures 6 and 7 , the arrangement of the feeder lines 1011 of the two dielectric substrates 1014, as well as the connection between the feeder lines 1011 and the decoupling branch 1012, are the same and can be described with reference to Figure 6 , so their detailed description is omitted here.

[0091] In addition, reference may be made to FIG8 , which shows a curve of gain simulation results for the low-frequency antenna elements of the antennas shown in FIG6 and FIG7 . In FIG8 , the horizontal axis represents the operating frequency, and the vertical axis represents the gain. Curves 1a and 1b are curves of gain simulation structure of the low-frequency antenna element array of an antenna comprising only the low-frequency antenna element array, which can be used as reference curves; curves 2a and 2b are curves of gain simulation structure of the low-frequency antenna element array of an antenna comprising both the low-frequency antenna element array and the high-frequency antenna element array, wherein the high-frequency antenna element is not provided with a decoupling branch; and curves 3a and 3b are curves of gain simulation structure of the low-frequency antenna element array of an antenna comprising both the low-frequency antenna element array and the high-frequency antenna element array, wherein the high-frequency antenna element is the high-frequency antenna element described in FIG6 and FIG7 .

[0092] By comparing the gain simulation structures of the low-frequency antenna element arrays of each antenna shown in Figure 8, it can be seen that the antenna provided in this application can effectively reduce the interference of the high-frequency antenna element on the low-frequency antenna element by setting a decoupling branch in the high-frequency antenna element, which can improve the gain of the low-frequency antenna element.

[0093] In summary, the antenna provided in the above-mentioned embodiment of the present application connects the feed line 1011 of the high-frequency antenna element 101 to the decoupling branch 1012. When the low-frequency antenna element 102 is working, as shown in Figure 5, an induced current will be generated on the feed line 1011. However, since the first branch 10121 of the decoupling branch 1012 is arranged in parallel with the feed line 1011, and the direction of the current on the first branch 10121 is opposite to the direction of the induced current on the electrode line of the feed line 1011, the currents on the first branch 10121 and the feed line 1011 can be at least partially offset, thereby greatly reducing the interference of the high-frequency antenna element 101 on the low-frequency antenna element 102, which is beneficial to improving the directional pattern parameters such as the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability of the low-frequency antenna element 102. In addition, when the high-frequency antenna element 101 operates in its own frequency band, since the direction of the current on the first branch 10121 of the decoupling branch 1012 is opposite to the direction of the current on the feed line 1011, and the second branch 10122 of the decoupling branch 1012 is parallel to the reflector 2, and the interval between the second branch 10122 and the reflector 2 is small, the direction of the current on the second branch 10122 is opposite to the direction of the induced current on the reflector 2, so the setting of the decoupling branch 1012 has almost no effect on the radiation of the high-frequency antenna element 101 itself.

[0094] In the antennas shown in Figures 6 and 7 of the present application, the first electrode line 10111 and the second electrode line 10112 of the feed line 1011 of the high-frequency antenna element 101 are both connected to a decoupling branch 1012. In other possible embodiments of the present application, only the first electrode line 10111 or the second electrode line 10112 of the feed line 1011 may be connected to the decoupling branch 1012. For example, reference may be made to Figure 9, which is another structural schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. Compared with the antenna shown in Figure 6, in the antenna shown in Figure 9, only the first electrode line 10111 of the feed line 1011 of the high-frequency antenna element 101 is connected to the decoupling branch 1012, while the second electrode is not connected to the decoupling branch 1012. Among them, the connection method of the first electrode line 10111 of the feed line 1011 of the high-frequency antenna element 101 of the antenna shown in Figure 9 and the decoupling branch 1012 and other structures of the antenna can be set with reference to the antenna shown in Figure 9, and will not be described in detail here.

[0095] Since the antenna shown in Figure 9 only illustrates the structure of one dielectric substrate 1014 of the high-frequency antenna element 101, to illustrate the other structures of the high-frequency antenna element 101 of the antenna shown in Figure 9, reference is made to Figure 10, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of another dielectric substrate of the high-frequency antenna element 101 of the antenna shown in Figure 9. In the high-frequency antenna elements of the antennas shown in Figures 9 and 10, the arrangement of the feed lines 1011 on the two dielectric substrates 1014, as well as the connection between the feed lines 1011 and the decoupling branch 1012, are identical and can be configured similarly to Figure 9, so their detailed description will not be repeated here.

[0096] In addition, referring to Figure 11, Figure 11 is another schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. Compared to the antenna shown in Figure 6, in the antenna shown in Figure 11, only the second electrode line 10112 of the feed line 1011 of the high-frequency antenna element 101 is connected to the decoupling branch 1012, while the first electrode is not connected to the decoupling branch 1012. The connection method between the second electrode line 10112 of the feed line 1011 of the high-frequency antenna element 101 and the decoupling branch 1012 of the antenna shown in Figure 11, as well as the other structures of the antenna, can be configured with reference to the antenna shown in Figure 6 and will not be described in detail here.

[0097] Since the antenna shown in Figure 11 only illustrates the structure of one dielectric substrate 1014 of the high-frequency antenna element 101, to illustrate the other structures of the high-frequency antenna element 101 of the antenna shown in Figure 11, reference is made to Figure 12, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of another dielectric substrate of the high-frequency antenna element 101 of the antenna shown in Figure 11. In the high-frequency antenna elements of the antennas shown in Figures 11 and 12, the arrangement of the feed lines 1011 on the two dielectric substrates 1014, as well as the connection between the feed lines 1011 and the decoupling branch 1012, are identical and can be configured similarly to Figure 11, so detailed description thereof will not be given here.

[0098] In the above-mentioned embodiment of the present application, the electrode line of the feed line 1011 of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 connected to the decoupling branch 1012 and the corresponding decoupling branch 1012 are all arranged coplanar. In some possible embodiments of the present application, the electrode line and the corresponding connected decoupling branch 1012 can also be respectively arranged on two different planes. In specific implementation, reference can be made to Figure 13, which is another structural schematic diagram of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application. Among them, in the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 of the antenna, the first electrode line 10111 of each feed line 1011 is connected to the decoupling branch 1012, while the second electrode line 10112 is not connected to the decoupling branch 1012. In specific implementation, the plane where the decoupling branch 1012 is located is perpendicular to and intersects with the plane where the first electrode line 10111 is located, and the end of the first branch 10121 of the decoupling branch 1012 away from the reflector 2 is connected to the first electrode line 10111.

[0099] Continuing with FIG13 , since the high-frequency antenna element 101 may include two perpendicular and intersecting dielectric substrates 1014, the first electrode line 10111 may be disposed on one dielectric substrate 1014 and the decoupling branch 1012 may be disposed on the other dielectric substrate 1014, with respect to the connected decoupling branch 1012 and first electrode line 10111. Furthermore, the specific configuration of the first electrode line 10111 and the decoupling branch 1012, as well as the connection between the first electrode line 10111 and the first branch 10121, may be configured with reference to the above-described embodiment and will not be further described herein.

[0100] The antenna shown in FIG13 only illustrates the connection between the first electrode line 10111 on one dielectric substrate 1014 of the high-frequency antenna element 101 and the decoupling branch 1012. Based on this, it can be understood that by rotating the high-frequency antenna element 101 shown in FIG13 counterclockwise by 90° about the intersection of the two dielectric substrates 1014, the connection between the first electrode line 10111 on the other dielectric substrate 1014 of the high-frequency antenna element 101 and the corresponding decoupling branch 1012 can be obtained, as shown in FIG14. FIG14 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the first electrode line 10111 on the other dielectric substrate 1014 of the high-frequency antenna element 101 of the antenna shown in FIG13 and the corresponding decoupling branch 1012. The connection between the first electrode line 10111 on the other dielectric substrate 1014 of the high-frequency antenna element 101 and the corresponding decoupling branch 1012 in FIG14 can be configured with reference to FIG13 and will not be further described here. In addition, other structures of the antenna provided in this embodiment of the present application can be set with reference to any of the above embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0101] In addition, reference may be made to FIG15 , which is another schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. In the high-frequency antenna element 101 of the antenna, the second electrode line 10112 of each feed line 1011 is connected to a decoupling branch 1012, while the first electrode line 10111 is not connected to a decoupling branch 1012. The plane where the decoupling branch 1012 is located is perpendicular to and intersects the plane where the second electrode line 10112 is located, and the end of the first branch 10121 of the decoupling branch 1012 away from the reflector 2 is connected to the second electrode line 10112.

[0102] Continuing with FIG. 15 , since the high-frequency antenna element 101 may include two perpendicular and intersecting dielectric substrates 1014, the connected decoupling branch 1012 and second electrode line 10112 may be arranged on one dielectric substrate 1014, while the decoupling branch 1012 may be arranged on the other dielectric substrate 1014. Furthermore, the specific arrangement of the second electrode line 10112 and the decoupling branch 1012, as well as the connection between the second electrode line 10112 and the first branch 10121, may be similar to the above-described embodiments and will not be further described herein.

[0103] The antenna shown in FIG15 only illustrates the connection method between the second electrode line 10112 on one dielectric substrate 1014 of the high-frequency antenna element 101 and the decoupling branch 1012. Based on this, it can be understood that by rotating the high-frequency antenna element 101 shown in FIG15 counterclockwise by 90° around the intersection of the two dielectric substrates 1014, the connection method between the second electrode line 10112 on the other dielectric substrate 1014 of the high-frequency antenna element 101 and the corresponding decoupling branch 1012 can be obtained, as shown in FIG16. FIG16 is a schematic diagram of the connection method between the second electrode line 10112 on the other dielectric substrate 1014 of the high-frequency antenna element 101 of the antenna provided in FIG15 and the corresponding decoupling branch 1012. The other structures of the antenna provided in this embodiment of the present application can be configured with reference to any of the above embodiments and will not be described in detail here.

[0104] Based on the above description of the high-frequency antenna oscillator 101 in which the electrode lines and the corresponding decoupling branches 1012 are respectively arranged on two different planes in Figures 15 and 16, in some possible embodiments of the present application, the first electrode line 10111 and the second electrode line 10112 of the feed line 1011 of each substrate of the high-frequency antenna oscillator 101 can also be connected to the decoupling branches 1012. The connection method of the first electrode line 10111 and the corresponding decoupling branches 1012 can be set with reference to Figures 13 and 14, and the connection method of the second electrode line 10112 and the corresponding decoupling branches 1012 can be set with reference to Figures 15 and 16, and their detailed description is not repeated here.

[0105] In addition, it is worth mentioning that in the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application, the connection method between the feed line 1011 and the corresponding decoupling branch 1012 on the two dielectric substrates 1014 of the high-frequency antenna oscillator 101 can also be different. For example, the feed line 1011 and the corresponding decoupling branch 1012 on one of the dielectric substrates 1014 can be set with reference to the connection method between the feed line 1011 and the decoupling branch 1012 shown in Figure 6, and the feed line 1011 and the corresponding decoupling branch 1012 on the other dielectric substrate 1014 can be set with reference to the connection method between the feed line 1011 and the decoupling branch 1012 shown in Figure 11, as long as interference between the structures can be avoided.

[0106] In the above embodiments of the present application, a dual-band antenna including both a low-frequency antenna element 102 and a high-frequency antenna element 101 is used as an example to describe how to improve the polarization suppression ratio, gain stability, and other directional parameters of the low-frequency antenna element 102 by providing a decoupling branch 1012 in the high-frequency antenna element 101, while preventing the self-radiation of the high-frequency antenna element 101 from being affected. Based on this, it can be understood that in other antennas that require improvement in directional parameters such as the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability of antenna elements, decoupling branches 1012 may also be provided in other antenna elements that may interfere with the antenna element to achieve the purpose of improving the directional parameters such as the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability of the antenna element. The specific configuration of the antenna element connected to the decoupling branch 1012 can refer to the configuration of the high-frequency antenna element in any of the above embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0107] The present application also provides a communication device, which includes the antenna of any of the above embodiments. The communication device can be, but is not limited to, a base station, a radar or other equipment. In the communication device, by providing a decoupling branch 1012 in the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101, the common-mode induced current generated on the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 when the low-frequency antenna vibrator 102 is working can be effectively suppressed, thereby significantly improving the directional parameters such as the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability of the low-frequency antenna vibrator 102. In addition, the provision of the decoupling branch 1012 in the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 has basically no effect on the radiation of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 itself, thereby ensuring the radiation efficiency and working stability of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101. In addition, the manufacturing cost of the antenna is relatively low, which can effectively reduce the cost of the entire communication device.

[0108] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the scope of protection of this application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application is intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An antenna vibrator, characterized in that: It comprises a radiating arm, a feeder line and a decoupling branch, wherein the radiating arm is connected to the feeder line, wherein: The decoupling branch includes a first branch and a second branch, the first branch is parallel to the feeder line, and the end of the first branch close to the radiating arm is connected to the feeder line; the second branch is located on the side of the first branch away from the radiating arm, the second branch is connected to the first branch, the second branch extends from the first branch to the side away from the feeder line, and the second branch is perpendicular to the feeder line.

2. The antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the first branch is 0.125 to 0.25 times the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the antenna element.

3. The antenna element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The length of the second branch is 0.125 to 0.25 times the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the antenna element.

4. The antenna element according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The sum of the length of the first branch and the length of the second branch is 0.25 to 0.5 times the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the antenna element.

5. The antenna element according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The length of the first branch is less than or equal to the length of the feeder line.

6. The antenna element according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: An end of the first branch close to the radiation arm is connected to an end of the feed line connected to the radiation arm.

7. The antenna element according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The feed line includes a first electrode line and a second electrode line, the first electrode line and the second electrode line are arranged in parallel; the end of the first branch close to the radiation arm is connected to at least one of the first electrode line and the second electrode line.

8. The antenna element according to claim 7, characterized in that: The end of the first branch node close to the radiation arm is connected to the first electrode line; the decoupling branch node is arranged coplanar with the first electrode line, or the plane where the decoupling branch node is located is perpendicular to and intersects with the plane where the first electrode line is located.

9. The antenna element according to claim 7, characterized in that: The end of the first branch close to the radiation arm is connected to the second electrode line; the decoupling branch is coplanar with the second electrode line, or the plane where the decoupling branch is located is perpendicular to and intersects with the plane where the second electrode line is located.

10. The antenna element according to claim 7, characterized in that: The antenna element includes two decoupling branches, wherein the end of the first branch of one decoupling branch close to the radiating arm is connected to the first electrode line, and the end of the first branch of the other decoupling branch close to the radiating arm is connected to the second electrode.

11. The antenna element according to claim 10, characterized in that: One of the decoupling branches is arranged coplanarly with the first electrode line; or a plane where one of the decoupling branches is located is perpendicular to and intersects with a plane where the first electrode line is located.

12. The antenna element according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that: Another of the decoupling branches is arranged coplanarly with the second electrode line; or a plane where another of the decoupling branches is located is perpendicular to and intersects with a plane where the second electrode line is located.

13. The antenna element according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The antenna element comprises two dielectric substrates, and the two dielectric substrates are arranged vertically and intersectingly; The feed line is a microstrip line structure, each of the dielectric substrates is provided with the feed line, the first electrode and the second electrode of each of the feed lines are respectively arranged on two surfaces of the corresponding dielectric substrate; the feed line of each of the dielectric substrates is connected to the first branch of the corresponding decoupling branch.

14. The antenna element according to claim 13, characterized in that: The radiating arm comprises a first radiating arm, a second radiating arm, a third radiating arm and a fourth radiating arm, wherein the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm are arranged on one of the dielectric substrates, and the third radiating arm and the fourth radiating arm are arranged on another of the dielectric substrates; The first radiation arm, the second radiation arm, the third radiation arm and the fourth radiation arm are arranged on a common radiation plane, and an end of the first branch close to the radiation arm is located on the radiation plane.

15. An antenna, characterized in that: It comprises a reflector and the antenna element according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the antenna element is arranged on a side surface of the reflector, and the first branch is perpendicular to the reflector.

16. An antenna, characterized in that: The antenna comprises a reflector and an antenna element, wherein the antenna element is arranged on a side surface of the reflector, and the antenna element comprises a feeder and a decoupling branch, wherein: The decoupling branch includes a first branch and a second branch, the first branch is perpendicular to the reflector, and the first branch is away from The end of the reflector is connected to the feeder; the second branch is located on the side of the first branch close to the reflector, the second branch is connected to the first branch, the second branch extends from the first branch to the side away from the feeder, and the second branch is parallel to the reflector.

17. The antenna according to claim 16, characterized in that The antenna elements include at least one low-frequency antenna element and at least one high-frequency antenna element, and the feeder line is used to feed the high-frequency antenna elements.

18. The antenna according to claim 17, characterized in that The length of the first branch is 0.125 to 0.25 times the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the high-frequency antenna element.

19. The antenna according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that: The length of the second branch is 0.125 to 0.25 times the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the high-frequency antenna element.

20. The antenna according to any one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that: The sum of the length of the first branch and the length of the second branch is 0.25 to 0.5 times the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the high-frequency antenna element.

21. The antenna according to any one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that: The distance between the second branch and the reflection plate is less than or equal to 0.1 times the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the high-frequency antenna element.

22. The antenna according to any one of claims 17 to 21, characterized in that: The length of the first branch is less than or equal to the length of the feeder line.

23. The antenna according to any one of claims 17 to 22, characterized in that: An end of the first branch away from the reflection plate is connected to an end of the feed line away from the reflection plate.

24. The antenna according to any one of claims 17 to 23, characterized in that: The feed line includes a first electrode line and a second electrode line, the first electrode line is perpendicular to the reflective plate, the second electrode line is perpendicular to the reflective plate, and the second electrode line is connected to the reflective plate; the end of the first branch away from the reflective plate is connected to at least one of the first electrode line and the second electrode line.

25. The antenna according to claim 24, characterized in that The end of the first branch away from the reflector is connected to the first electrode line; the decoupling branch is coplanar with the first electrode line, or the plane where the decoupling branch is located is perpendicular to and intersects with the plane where the first electrode line is located.

26. The antenna according to claim 24, characterized in that The end of the first branch away from the reflector is connected to the second electrode line; the decoupling branch is coplanar with the second electrode line, or the plane where the decoupling branch is located is perpendicular to and intersects with the plane where the second electrode line is located.

27. The antenna according to claim 24, characterized in that The high-frequency antenna element includes two decoupling branches, wherein the end of the first branch of one decoupling branch away from the reflecting plate is connected to the first electrode line, and the end of the first branch of the other decoupling branch away from the reflecting plate is connected to the second electrode line.

28. The antenna according to claim 27, characterized in that One of the decoupling branches is arranged coplanarly with the first electrode line; or a plane where one of the decoupling branches is located is perpendicular to and intersects with a plane where the first electrode line is located.

29. The antenna according to claim 27 or 28, characterized in that Another of the decoupling branches is arranged coplanarly with the second electrode line; or a plane where another of the decoupling branches is located is perpendicular to and intersects with a plane where the second electrode line is located.

30. The antenna according to any one of claims 16 to 29, characterized in that: The high-frequency antenna vibrator comprises two dielectric substrates, the two dielectric substrates are arranged vertically and intersectingly, and each of the dielectric substrates is perpendicular to the reflector; The feed line is a microstrip line structure, each of the dielectric substrates is provided with the feed line, the first electrode line and the second electrode line of each of the feed lines are respectively arranged on two surfaces of the corresponding dielectric substrate; the feed line of each of the dielectric substrates is connected to the first branch of the corresponding decoupling branch.

31. The antenna according to claim 30, characterized in that The high-frequency antenna element further comprises a first radiation arm, a second radiation arm, a third radiation arm and a fourth radiation arm, wherein the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm are arranged on one of the dielectric substrates, and the third radiation arm and the fourth radiation arm are arranged on another of the dielectric substrates; The first radiation arm, the second radiation arm, the third radiation arm and the fourth radiation arm are arranged on a common radiation surface, and an end of the first branch away from the reflection plate is located on the radiation surface.

32. A communication device, characterized in that: It comprises the antenna element as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14 or the antenna as claimed in any one of claims 15 to 31.

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