Testing apparatus and testing method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, in particular to a testing apparatus and a testing method. The testing apparatus comprises an upper sound insulation chamber (1), a lower sound insulation chamber (2), a sample piece under test (3), a vibration exciter (5), a force sensor (6), a sound intensity measuring apparatus (7) and a vibration sensor (8). The upper sound insulation chamber (1) is communicated with the lower sound insulation chamber (2) via an opening, said sample piece (3) being sealedly provided at the opening. The vibration exciter (5) is provided in the lower sound insulation chamber (2), and acts on said sample piece (3) by means of the force sensor (6). The force sensor (6) is used for acquiring the value F of an excitation force applied to said sample piece (3). The sound intensity measuring apparatus (7) is provided in the upper sound insulation chamber (1) and is used for acquiring a radiation sound power L of said sample piece (3). The vibration sensor (8) is arranged on said sample piece (3) and is used for acquiring a vibration value A of said sample piece (3). Thus, the vibration frequency response V=A / F, and the sound radiation S=L / F. The testing apparatus and the testing method can solve the problem that vibration and radiation noises of existing train chasses cannot be predicted.

Description

Test device and test method

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application number 2023110615919, entitled “Testing Device and Testing Method,” filed with the Patent Office of China on August 22, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of rail transportation technology, and in particular to a testing device and a testing method. Background Art

[0004] With the rapid development of rail transit modernization, the requirements for train safety, stability, and comfort are becoming increasingly stringent. As people's expectations for travel quality continue to improve, the vibration and noise issues during train operation are also receiving increasing attention. The work of reducing train vibration and noise urgently needs to be developed and improved.

[0005] The speeds of rail transit vehicles such as subways, light rail, express trains, and EMUs currently operating on domestic and international lines generally range from 35 to 250 km / h. Theoretical research and experimental tests on railway noise at home and abroad have shown that when train speeds are in the range of 35 to 250 km / h, wheel-rail vibration noise dominates the train noise contribution. Vibration and radiated noise are mainly transmitted into the train through the train underframe area, thereby affecting the comfort of the driver and passengers.

[0006] At present, the design work of vibration and noise reduction of trains mainly includes measures such as controlling the sound and vibration source, optimizing the transmission path and protecting the receiver. However, the effects of measures such as controlling the sound and vibration source and protecting the receiver are not significant. The most widely used method is to start from optimizing the transmission path to carry out vibration and noise reduction work for trains.

[0007] In this regard, the train underframe is the main path for vibration and radiated noise to be transmitted into the car, so the acoustic design of the train underframe is particularly important.

[0008] However, the vibration and radiated noise of existing train underframes are unpredictable, making the acoustic design of train underframes difficult.

[0009] Application Contents

[0010] The purpose of this application is to provide a testing device and a testing method, thereby solving the problem of unpredictable vibration and radiation noise of existing train underframes.

[0011] According to a first aspect of the present application, a testing device is provided, including an upper sound insulation chamber, a lower sound insulation chamber, a sample to be tested, an exciter, a force sensor, a sound intensity detector, and a vibration sensor. The upper sound insulation chamber is connected to the lower sound insulation chamber through an opening, the sample to be tested is sealed and arranged in the opening, the exciter is arranged in the lower sound insulation chamber, the exciter acts on the sample to be tested through the force sensor, the force sensor is used to obtain the excitation force value F applied to the sample to be tested, the sound intensity detector is arranged in the upper sound insulation chamber, and is used to obtain the radiated sound power L of the sample to be tested, and the vibration sensor is arranged on the sample to be tested, and is used to obtain the vibration value A of the sample to be tested. Then, the vibration frequency response V=A / F, and the sound radiation S=L / F.

[0012] In the present application, through the above arrangement, the sound and vibration of the lower sound insulation chamber can only be transmitted to the upper sound insulation chamber through the sample to be tested, avoiding sound and vibration loss, thereby improving the detection results of the force sensor, the sound intensity detector and the vibration sensor, and thus ensuring the accuracy of the test results of this testing device.

[0013] In any of the above technical solutions, further, an eaves is provided between the upper sound insulation chamber and the lower sound insulation chamber, the eaves is provided with the opening, and the testing device further includes a crossbeam and two mutually parallel longitudinal beams; the two longitudinal beams are both located in the upper sound insulation chamber and arranged on the eaves, the two ends of the crossbeam are respectively slidably connected to the two longitudinal beams, and the sound intensity detector is slidably connected to the crossbeam.

[0014] In the present application, the eaves, the cross beams and the longitudinal beams are arranged in the manner as described above, so that the sound intensity detector can slide to above any point on the surface of the sample to be tested. The sound intensity detector is perpendicular to the upper surface of the sample to be tested, and can accurately control the distance between the sound intensity detector and the sample to be tested so that the distance between the two does not exceed 0.2m, so that the point closest to the sound intensity detector and the sample to be tested is used as the sound intensity scanning point, thereby avoiding sound intensity loss and ensuring the authenticity and accuracy of the detection results of the sound intensity detector.

[0015] In any of the above technical solutions, further, there are multiple vibration sensors, and the multiple vibration sensors are all arranged on the sample to be tested; and the multiple vibration sensors are all located on one side of the upper sound insulation chamber.

[0016] In the present application, the vibration values ​​of the sample to be tested are obtained by using multiple vibration sensors, and then the average value of the multiple vibration values ​​is taken, which can improve the authenticity and accuracy of the results of the vibration sensors.

[0017] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the testing device also includes a movable frame and an elastic support member, the movable frame is arranged in the lower sound insulation chamber, the output end of the exciter is connected to the force sensor, the force sensor is in contact with the sample to be tested, and the elastic support member is arranged between the exciter and the movable frame.

[0018] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the bottom of the mobile frame is provided with wheels and fixed legs, the mobile frame can be moved by the wheels, and the fixed legs can fix the mobile frame after the mobile frame moves to a predetermined position.

[0019] In the present application, through the above-mentioned setting, the elastic support member can play a buffering role, and the exciter can be moved below any point on the bottom surface of the sample to be tested, so as to test multiple excitation points one by one.

[0020] According to a second aspect of the present application, a testing method for a testing device is provided, wherein the testing device includes an upper sound insulation chamber, a lower sound insulation chamber, a sample to be tested, an exciter, a force sensor, a sound intensity detector, and a vibration sensor. The upper sound insulation chamber is connected to the lower sound insulation chamber through an opening, and the sample to be tested is sealed and arranged in the opening. The exciter is arranged in the lower sound insulation chamber and acts on the sample to be tested through the force sensor. The force sensor is used to obtain an excitation force value F applied to the sample to be tested. The sound intensity detector is arranged in the upper sound insulation chamber and is used to obtain a radiated sound power L of the sample to be tested. The vibration sensor is arranged on the sample to be tested and is used to obtain a vibration value A of the sample to be tested.

[0021] The test method includes:

[0022] Moving the exciter to a first excitation point and turning on the exciter;

[0023] The sound intensity detector obtains the radiated sound power L of the sample to be tested;

[0024] The vibration sensor obtains a vibration value A of the sample to be tested;

[0025] The force sensor obtains the exciting force value F of the sample to be tested;

[0026] Calculate the vibration frequency response V=A / F and the sound radiation S=L / F.

[0027] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the step of obtaining the radiated sound power L of the sample to be tested by the sound intensity detector includes:

[0028] The sample to be tested has a plurality of sound intensity scanning points, and the sound intensity detector sequentially obtains the radiated sound power of the plurality of sound intensity scanning points;

[0029] Take the average value L of multiple radiated sound powers.

[0030] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the step of the vibration sensor acquiring the vibration value A of the sample to be tested includes:

[0031] There are multiple vibration sensors, and each of the multiple vibration sensors obtains the vibration value of the sample to be tested, and an average value A of the multiple vibration values ​​is obtained.

[0032] In any of the above technical solutions, the test method further includes the following steps after calculating the vibration frequency response V=A / F and the sound radiation S=L / F:

[0033] The exciter is moved to n excitation point positions in sequence, and the vibration frequency response Vn and the sound radiation Sn of the n excitation point positions are obtained in sequence;

[0034] Calculate V = (V1 + V2 + ... + Vn-1 + Vn) / n, S = (S1 + S2 + ... + Sn-1 + Sn) / n.

[0035] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the plurality of sound intensity scanning points are distributed in a matrix, and the plurality of vibration sensors and the n excitation points are dispersedly arranged.

[0036] The test device according to the present application includes an upper sound insulation chamber, a lower sound insulation chamber, a sample to be tested, an exciter, a force sensor, a sound intensity detector and a vibration sensor, wherein the upper sound insulation chamber is connected to the lower sound insulation chamber through an opening, the sample to be tested is sealed and arranged in the opening, the exciter is arranged in the lower sound insulation chamber, and acts on the sample to be tested through the force sensor, the force sensor is used to obtain the excitation force value F applied to the sample to be tested, the sound intensity detector is arranged in the upper sound insulation chamber, and is used to obtain the radiated sound power L of the sample to be tested, and the vibration sensor is arranged on the sample to be tested, and is used to obtain the vibration value A of the sample to be tested. Then, the vibration frequency response V=A / F, and the sound radiation S=L / F.

[0037] The edges and openings of the sample to be tested (i.e., the train underframe sample) of the present application are sealed, so that the sound and vibration of the lower sound insulation chamber can only be transmitted to the upper sound insulation chamber through the train underframe sample, thereby simulating the working state of the actual train underframe.

[0038] During the test, the force sensor measures the excitation force F applied to the test specimen, the sound intensity detector measures the radiated sound power L, and the vibration sensor measures the vibration value A. The resulting vibration frequency response (V = A / F) and sound radiation (S = L / F) are then calculated. This application effectively predicts the vibration and sound radiation performance of the train underframe through testing, verifies the effectiveness of the train underframe acoustic design, and provides a scientific basis for train vibration and noise reduction design.

[0039] The test device and test method provided in this application can more realistically simulate the working state of the train underframe. Combined with reasonable test steps, the vibration and sound radiation performance of the train underframe can be effectively predicted through test experiments, and the acoustic design scheme of the train underframe can be effectively verified to improve the design level of train vibration and noise reduction and enhance the comfort of drivers and passengers.

[0040] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0042] FIG1 is a schematic diagram showing an overall cross-sectional structure of a testing device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG2 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of a testing device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] FIG3 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of sound intensity scanning points according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG4 shows a schematic diagram of the distribution of vibration sensors according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG5 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of excitation points according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0047] Icons: 1-upper soundproof chamber; 2-lower soundproof chamber; 3-sample to be tested; 4-moving frame; 5-exciter; 6-force sensor; 7-sound intensity detector; 8-vibration sensor; 9-scanning frame; 10-sound intensity scanning point; 11-excitation point. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following detailed description is provided to help the reader gain a comprehensive understanding of the methods, devices, and / or systems described herein. However, various changes, modifications, and equivalents of the methods, devices, and / or systems described herein will be apparent upon understanding the disclosure of this application. For example, the order of operations described herein is merely illustrative and is not limited to the order set forth herein. Rather, except for operations that must occur in a particular order, changes may be made that will be apparent upon understanding the disclosure of this application. Furthermore, descriptions of features known in the art may be omitted for clarity and brevity.

[0049] The features described herein may be implemented in different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the examples described herein. Rather, the examples described herein have been provided merely to illustrate some of the many possible ways to implement the methods, devices, and / or systems described herein that will be apparent upon understanding the disclosure of this application.

[0050] Throughout the specification, when an element (such as a layer, region, or substrate) is described as being “on,” “connected to,” “coupled to,” “over,” or “overlaying” another element, it may be directly “on,” “connected to,” “coupled to,” “over,” or “overlaying” another element, or one or more other elements may be present between them. In contrast, when an element is described as being “directly on,” “directly connected to,” “directly coupled to,” “directly over,” or “directly covering” another element, there may be no other elements intervening therebetween.

[0051] As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any one of the associated listed items and any combination of any two or more items.

[0052] Although terms such as "first," "second," and "third" may be used herein to describe various members, components, regions, layers, or portions, these members, components, regions, layers, or portions are not limited by these terms. Rather, these terms are used only to distinguish one member, component, region, layer, or portion from another member, component, region, layer, or portion. Thus, a first member, component, region, layer, or portion in the examples described herein may also be referred to as a second member, component, region, layer, or portion without departing from the teachings of the examples.

[0053] For ease of description, spatial relational terms such as "above," "upper," "below," and "lower" may be used herein to describe the relationship of one element to another element as shown in the accompanying drawings. Such spatial relational terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientations depicted in the accompanying drawings. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is turned over, an element described as being "above" or "upper" relative to another element would subsequently be "below" or "lower" relative to the other element. Thus, the term "above" includes both the orientations "above" and "below," depending on the spatial orientation of the device. The device may also be positioned in other ways (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relational terms used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0054] The terms used herein are intended only to describe various examples and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular is intended to include the plural. The terms "comprise," "include," and "have" list the presence of stated features, quantities, operations, components, elements, and / or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, quantities, operations, components, elements, and / or combinations thereof.

[0055] Due to manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances, variations in the shapes shown in the drawings may occur. Therefore, the examples described herein are not limited to the specific shapes shown in the drawings but include changes in shapes that occur during manufacturing.

[0056] The features of the examples described herein can be combined in various ways that will be apparent after understanding the disclosure of the present application. In addition, although the examples described herein have various configurations, other configurations are possible as will be apparent after understanding the disclosure of the present application.

[0057] A first aspect of the present application provides a testing device, thereby solving the problem of unpredictable vibration and radiation noise of existing train underframes.

[0058] According to the test device of the present application, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the test device includes an upper sound insulation chamber 1 (reverberation chamber), a lower sound insulation chamber 2 (reverberation chamber), a sample to be tested 3 (i.e., a train underframe sample, which is a rectangular plate and whose material, structure and size are close to the actual train underframe height), an exciter 5, a force sensor 6, a sound intensity detector 7 and a vibration sensor 8. The upper sound insulation chamber 1 and the lower sound insulation chamber 2 are connected through an opening, and the sample to be tested 3 is sealed in the opening (here, the upper sound insulation chamber 1 and the lower sound insulation chamber 2 are preferably rectangular structures, and an opening is formed between them. The size of the train underframe sample is consistent with the size of the middle rectangular opening. The train underframe sample is horizontally installed at the middle opening, and the edges of the train underframe sample are fixed and sealed to the walls around the opening. In this way, the sound and vibration of the lower sound insulation chamber 2 can only be transmitted to the upper sound insulation chamber 1 through the train underframe sample). The exciter 5 is arranged in the lower sound insulation chamber 2, and the exciter 5 acts on the sample to be tested 3 through the force sensor 6. The force sensor 6 is used to obtain the excitation force value F applied to the sample to be tested 3. The sound intensity detector 7 is arranged in the upper sound insulation chamber 1. The sound intensity detector 7 is used to obtain the radiated sound power L of the sample to be tested 3. The vibration sensor 8 is arranged on the sample to be tested 3. The vibration sensor 8 is used to obtain the vibration value A of the sample to be tested 3. Then the vibration frequency response V=A / F, and the sound radiation S=L / F.

[0059] According to the above technical features, the beneficial effects of this application are:

[0060] The edges and openings of the test sample 3 (i.e., the train underframe sample) of the present application are sealed, so that the sound and vibration of the lower soundproof chamber 2 can only be transmitted to the upper soundproof chamber 1 through the train underframe sample, thereby simulating the working state of the actual train underframe.

[0061] During the test, the force sensor 6 obtains the excitation force value F of the sample 3 to be tested, the sound intensity detector 7 obtains the radiated sound power L of the sample 3 to be tested, and the vibration sensor 8 obtains the vibration value A of the sample 3 to be tested. Finally, the vibration frequency response V=A / F and the sound radiation S=L / F are obtained.

[0062] This application effectively predicts the vibration and sound radiation performance of the train underframe through testing experiments, verifies the effectiveness of the train underframe acoustic design scheme, and provides a scientific basis for the train vibration and noise reduction design work.

[0063] The specific structure of the testing device and the testing method of the present application are described in detail below with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 .

[0064] In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figures 1 and 2 , an eave is provided between the upper soundproof chamber 1 and the lower soundproof chamber 2 , with an opening (i.e., a hole) formed around the eave. As shown in Figures 1 and 2 , the testing apparatus further includes a scanning frame 9 , which comprises a horizontal beam and two mutually parallel longitudinal beams. The two longitudinal beams are both located in the upper soundproof chamber 1 and are mounted on the eave. The ends of the horizontal beam are slidably connected to the two longitudinal beams (i.e., the two longitudinal beams and the horizontal beam form an H-shape). A sound intensity detector 7 is slidably connected to the horizontal beam. The horizontal beam and the vertical beams are perpendicular to each other and parallel to the sample to be tested.

[0065] In this way, the sound intensity detector 7 can slide to above any point on the surface of the train underframe sample. The sound intensity detector 7 is perpendicular to the upper surface of the train underframe sample and does not contact the upper surface of the train underframe sample. Preferably, the distance between the sound intensity detector 7 and the train underframe sample does not exceed 0.2m, and the point where the sound intensity detector 7 is closest to the upper surface of the train underframe sample is the sound intensity scanning point.

[0066] The sample 3 to be tested has a plurality of sound intensity scanning points 10 , and the sound intensity detector 7 can sequentially obtain the radiated sound power of the plurality of sound intensity scanning points 10 . The specific testing process will be described in detail below.

[0067] In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, there are preferably multiple vibration sensors 8, each of which is located in the upper soundproof chamber 1 and is disposed on the test sample 3 to obtain vibration values ​​A at various locations on the test sample 3. The specific testing process will be described in detail below.

[0068] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the testing device also includes a movable frame 4, which is arranged in the lower sound insulation chamber 2. The output end of the exciter 5 is connected to the force sensor 6, which abuts against the sample 3 to be tested. The elastic support member is arranged between the exciter 5 and the movable frame 4. In this way, the elastic support member can play the role of elastic buffering relative to the rigid connection.

[0069] Furthermore, the bottom of the mobile frame 4 is equipped with wheels and fixed legs. The mobile frame 4 can be moved by the wheels, and the fixed legs can fix the mobile frame 4 after it moves to a predetermined position. In this way, the exciter 5 can be moved to the bottom of any point on the bottom surface of the train underframe sample. The specific testing process will be described in detail below.

[0070] The test method for this application is as follows:

[0071] S1: Connect the vibrator 5, vibration sensor 8, force sensor 6, and sound intensity detector 7 to the test chassis and the test computer through data cables. The computer can control the operation of the vibrator 5 and control the vibration sensor 8, force sensor 6, and sound intensity detector 7 to collect data;

[0072] S2: Move the exciter 5 to the first excitation point 11;

[0073] S3: Move the sound intensity detector 7 to the first sound intensity scanning point 10 to prepare for testing;

[0074] S4: Turn on the vibration exciter 5, which excites the train underframe sample to generate vibration and radiated sound. After the vibration exciter 5 works stably, the force sensor 6, the vibration sensor 8, and the sound intensity detector 7 are controlled to collect force signals, vibration signals, and radiated sound signals, respectively. Preferably, the collection time is at least 20 seconds. After the collection is completed, the computer controls to turn off the vibration exciter 5.

[0075] It should be noted that there are multiple vibration sensors 8, and each of the multiple vibration sensors 8 obtains the vibration value of the sample 3 to be tested, and the average value A of the multiple vibration values ​​is taken. The force sensor 6 obtains the excitation force value F of the sample 3 to be tested; the radiated sound power L1 of the first (current) sound intensity scanning point 10;

[0076] S5: Move the sound intensity detector 7 to the next sound intensity scanning point 10, repeat step S4 until all sound intensity scanning points 10 are tested, and take the average value L of multiple radiated sound powers of multiple sound intensity scanning points 10;

[0077] S6: The vibration and sound radiation performance of the train underframe sample at the current excitation point 11 are calculated according to the following formula: vibration frequency response V1 = A / F, sound radiation S1 = L / F.

[0078] S7: Move the vibrator 5 to the next excitation point 11, and repeat S3-S6 until all excitation points 11 are tested;

[0079] S8, calculate the vibration and sound radiation performance of the following chassis sample under multiple excitations according to the following formula:

[0080] Move the exciter 5 to the positions of n excitation points 11 in sequence, obtain the vibration frequency response Vn and sound radiation Sn of the n excitation points 11 in sequence, and calculate V = (V1 + V2 + ... + Vn-1 + Vn) / n, S = (S1 + S2 + ... + Sn-1 + Sn) / n.

[0081] In the embodiment of the present application, preferably, the plurality of sound intensity scanning points 10 are distributed in a matrix, and the plurality of vibration sensors 8 and the n excitation points 11 are dispersedly arranged.

[0082] The details are as follows:

[0083] As shown in FIG3 , the center point of each grid is optionally selected as an acoustic intensity scanning point 10 , and the number of grids is as large as possible. The acoustic intensity scanning point 10 is the point where the acoustic intensity probe measures the surface radiated sound power of the train underframe sample.

[0084] As shown in FIG4 , optionally, among the positions where the vibration sensors 8 are arranged, any two positions cannot be symmetrical about any symmetry line of the train underframe sample, and the vibration sensors 8 are arranged as dispersedly as possible on the upper surface of the train underframe sample;

[0085] As shown in FIG5 , the positions and number of the excitation points 11 can be selected according to the actual contact points or vibration transmission points between the train underframe and the bogie, so as to simulate the actual train underframe excitation conditions.

[0086] It should be noted that, in reality, there may be two contact points between the train underframe and the bogie or the vibration transmission points that are symmetrical about the longitudinal centerline of the train, and either one can be selected; the position of the excitation point 11 can also be increased according to test requirements.

[0087] In summary, as the primary pathway for vibration and radiated noise to enter the train interior, the train underframe's acoustic design is particularly important. The effectiveness of a train underframe's acoustic design can be assessed through both simulation analysis and experimental verification, with experimental verification providing the most intuitive validation of the design's effectiveness. Therefore, a vibration and acoustic radiation performance testing method for train underframe prototypes, based on upper and lower soundproof chambers, is proposed. This method provides a verification method for the train underframe's acoustic design and effectively predicts its vibration and acoustic radiation performance, significantly impacting train vibration and noise reduction design.

[0088] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only specific implementation methods of the present application, which are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application rather than to limit them. The scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that any technician familiar with this technical field can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications, changes or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should all be covered by the scope of protection of the present application. Industrial Applicability

[0089] In summary, by conducting testing experiments using the testing device provided in this application and simulating the actual working conditions of the train underframe through the test samples and conducting reasonable tests, the vibration and sound radiation performance of the train underframe can be effectively predicted, the effectiveness of the acoustic design scheme of the train underframe can be verified, and a scientific basis can be provided for the design of train vibration reduction and noise reduction.

Claims

1. A testing device, characterized in that: It includes an upper soundproof room, a lower soundproof room, a sample to be tested, a vibrator, a force sensor, a sound intensity detector and a vibration sensor. The upper soundproof chamber is connected to the lower soundproof chamber through an opening. The sample to be tested is sealed and arranged at the opening, The exciter is arranged in the lower sound insulation chamber, and the exciter acts on the sample to be tested through the force sensor, and the force sensor is used to obtain the excitation force value F of the sample to be tested. The sound intensity detector is arranged in the upper soundproof room and is used to obtain the radiated sound power L of the sample to be tested. The vibration sensor is arranged on the sample to be tested, and is used to obtain the vibration value A of the sample to be tested. Then the vibration frequency response V = A / F, and the sound radiation S = L / F.

2. The testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An eaves body is provided between the upper soundproof chamber and the lower soundproof chamber, and the eaves body is provided with the opening around it. The testing device also includes a crossbeam and two longitudinal beams parallel to each other; the two longitudinal beams are both located in the upper sound insulation room and are arranged on the eaves. The two ends of the cross beam are respectively connected to the two longitudinal beams in a sliding manner. The sound intensity detector is slidably connected to the crossbeam.

3. The testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple vibration sensors, and the multiple vibration sensors are all arranged on the sample to be tested; and the multiple vibration sensors are all located on one side of the upper sound insulation chamber.

4. The testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The testing device also includes a movable frame and an elastic support member. The movable frame is arranged in the lower soundproof room. The output end of the exciter is connected to the force sensor, and the force sensor is in contact with the sample to be tested. The elastic support member is arranged between the vibration exciter and the movable frame.

5. The testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the mobile frame is provided with wheels and fixed legs. The mobile frame can be moved by wheels. The fixed legs can fix the moving frame after the moving frame moves to a predetermined position.

6. A testing method for a testing device, characterized in that: The testing device comprises an upper soundproof chamber, a lower soundproof chamber, a sample to be tested, a vibrator, a force sensor, a sound intensity detector and a vibration sensor. The upper soundproof chamber is connected to the lower soundproof chamber through an opening. The sample to be tested is sealed and arranged at the opening, The exciter is arranged in the lower soundproof room and acts on the sample to be tested through the force sensor, and the force sensor is used to obtain the excitation force value F received by the sample to be tested. The sound intensity detector is arranged in the upper soundproof room and is used to obtain the radiated sound power L of the sample to be tested. The vibration sensor is arranged on the sample to be tested, and is used to obtain the vibration value A of the sample to be tested. The test method includes: Move the vibration exciter to a first excitation point and turn on the vibration exciter; The sound intensity detector obtains the radiated sound power L of the sample to be tested; The vibration sensor obtains a vibration value A of the sample to be tested; The force sensor obtains the exciting force value F exerted on the sample to be tested; Calculate the vibration frequency response V=A / F and the sound radiation S=L / F.

7. The testing method of the testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the radiated sound power L of the sample to be tested by the sound intensity detector comprises: The sample to be tested has a plurality of sound intensity scanning points, and the sound intensity detector sequentially obtains the radiated sound power of the plurality of sound intensity scanning points; Take the average value L of multiple radiated sound powers.

8. The testing method of the testing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the vibration value A of the sample to be tested by the vibration sensor comprises: There are multiple vibration sensors, and each of the multiple vibration sensors obtains the vibration value of the sample to be tested. Take the average value A of multiple vibration values.

9. The testing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The test method further comprises the following steps after calculating the vibration frequency response V=A / F and the sound radiation S=L / F: The exciter is moved to n excitation point positions in sequence, and the vibration frequency response Vn and the sound radiation Sn of the n excitation point positions are obtained in sequence; Calculate V=(V1+V2+…+Vn-1+Vn) / n, S=(S1+S2+…+Sn-1+Sn) / n.

10. The testing method of the testing device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The plurality of sound intensity scanning points are distributed in a matrix, and the plurality of vibration sensors and the n excitation points are dispersedly arranged.

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