Powertrain using a complementary combined power supply for electric cars

Abstract

The application of the powertrain using a complementary combined power supply for electric cars will increase the life of the batteries, minimize costs incurred during operation, significantly improve the efficiency of transportation economic activities, increase the number of electric cars used, and reduce a very large amount of emissions to the environment.　The powertrain can be used for FWD front-wheel drive, RWD rear-wheel drive vehicles, AWD full-time all-wheel drive vehicles, 4WD part-time all-wheel drive vehicles.

Description

[0001] POWERTRAIN USING A COMPLEMENTARY COMBINED POWER SUPPLY FOR ELECTRIC CARS

[0002] Field of the invention

[0003] The invention relates to a powertrain using a complementary combined power supply for electric cars.

[0004] Brief description of the drawings

[0005] Figure 1 is the diagram of the powertrain using a complementary combined power supply for electric cars according to the invention.

[0006] Detailed description of the invention

[0007] The following describes the best way to put the invention into practice. This section is presented to illustrate general features of the invention and is not intended to limit it. The appended claims best characterize the scope of the invention.

[0008] Referring to Figure 1, the powertrain using a complementary combined power supply for electric cars includes Inverter 8, Electric Motor 6, Alternator 11, Battery 16, Central Processor 17, Battery Charge Controller 15, Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller 13, Gearbox Controller 14, Gearbox 9, Differential Unit 5, Wheel 3, AC to DC Converter 12, Electrical Conductor 1, Process-response Line and Signal Control 2, Alternator Connecting Shaft 10, Wheel Shaft 4, Throttle 18 and Electric Motor Shaft 7.

[0009] Furthermore, in the principle diagram and how to link the powertrain's sections, there are the following symbols:

[0010] _+ is direct current.

[0011] ~ is alternating current. Where,

[0012] There are two types of gearboxes:

[0013] + 3 -mode gearbox includes Wheel Rotation Only Mode, Alternator Rotation Only Mode, Simultaneous Wheel and Alternator Rotation Mode.

[0014] + 2-mode gearbox includes Wheel Rotation Only Mode, Simultaneous Wheel and Alternator Rotation Mode ; 2-mode gearbox includes Wheel Rotation Only Mode, Alternator Rotation Only Mode.

[0015] The operating principle of the powertrain using a complementary combined power supply for electric cars. - With Option 1, Alternator (11) has a maximum generating capacity that is smaller than the maximum power consumption of Electric Motor (6), but it must also be at the proper power for the vehicle to operate efficiently and ensure the optimal distance increase, or Alternator (11) has a maximum generating capacity that is equal to the maximum power consumption of Electric Motor(6).

[0016] + When the vehicle is stationary, Central Processor (17) commands Gear Control (14) to switch Gearbox (9) to the Wheel Rotation Only Mode. When the driver presses Throttle (18), the current will go to Inverter 8, which will power Electric Motor (6) to rotate, and Gearbox (9) and Differential Unit (5) will also operate with Electric Motor (6) because they are connected. Thereby, Wheel (3) rotates and the electric car will move. When the electric car reaches a certain velocity at which Alternator (11) can create an appropriate amount of energy to supply to Electric Motor (6), Central Processor (17) commands Gear Controller (14) to switch Gearbox (9) to the Simultaneous Wheel and Alternator Rotation Mode. Then Gearbox (9) will connect and rotate Alternator (11) to generate electricity. The current passes through the AC to DC Converter (12). Central Processor (17) will then adjust and command Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to incorporate the partial power supply from Battery (16) and prioritize the energy from Alternator (11) via AC to DC Converter (12) . The current going to Inverter (8) shall continues to power Electric Motor (6) to rotate and accelerate the vehicle.

[0017] + As the electric car continues to accelerate, Alternator (11) will rotate faster, generating more energy, then Central Processor (17) will continuously adjust and command Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to always prioritize all energy from Alternator (11) via AC to DC Converter (12) and reduce energy from Battery (16). For electric cars where Alternator (11) has a maximum generating capacity equal to the maximum power consumption of Electric Motor (6), when accelerating to a certain speed, Alternator (11) will provide enough energy for Electric Motor and does not need to draw energy from Battery (16). Central Processor (17) will monitor and command Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to provide an additional portion of the energy from Battery (16) to Electric Motor (6), providing enough energy to sustain the constant motion of the electric car as needed.

[0018] - With option 2, Alternator (11) has a maximum generating capacity that is greater than the maximum power consumption of Electric Motor (6).

[0019] + When the vehicle is stationary, Central Processor (17) will command the Gearbox Controller (14) to switch Gearbox (9) to Wheel Rotation Only Mode. When the driver presses Throttle (18), Central Processor (17) commands Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to connect to Battery (16). Then, the current will go to Inverter (8), powering Electric Motor (6) to rotate, at the same time, Gearbox (9) and Differential Unit (5) will also operate in connection with Electric Motor (6) because they are connected. Thereby, Wheel (3) rotates and the electric car will move. When the electric vehicle reaches a certain velocity at which the Alternator (11) can produce an energy greater than the power consumption of Electric Motor (6) at the same time, Central Processor (17) will command Gearbox Controller (14) to switch Gearbox (9) to the Simultaneous Wheel and Alternator Rotation Mode. After that, Gearbox (9) will connect and rotate Alternator (11) to generate electricity. Central Processor (17) will then command Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to disconnect from Battery (16) and connect to AC to DC Converter (12). The current passes through AC to DC Converter (12), Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to Inverter (8), further powering Electric Motor (6) to rotate and accelerate the vehicle.

[0020] + As the electric car continues to accelerate, Alternator (11) will rotate faster, generate an energy greater the power consumption of Electric Motor (6), Central Processor (17) will command Battery Charge Controller (15) to operate and charge the electric car with the excess energy when Electric Motor (6) has been supplied with sufficient energy. Central Processor (17) will monitor and command Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to provide an additional portion of the energy from Battery (16) to Electric Motor (6), providing enough energy to sustain the constant motion of the electric car as needed.

[0021] + When the electric car decelerates, Alternator (11) generates an energy level below the ability to properly supply energy to Electric Motor (6), or stops suddenly and completely, Central Processor (17) will command Gearbox Controller (14) to switch Gearbox (9) to the Wheel Rotation Only Mode. Central Processor (17) will then command Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to disconnect from AC to DC Converter (12), and reconnect to Battery (16) as well. When pressing on Throttle (18), the procedure repeats and starts again.

[0022] - When the electric car’s Battery (16) runs out of energy or the user commands the electric car to charge, Central Controller (17) will command Gearbox Controller (14) to switch Gearbox (9) to the Alternator Rotation Only Mode. Next, Central Processor (17) commands Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to connect to Battery (16) in order for Electric Motor (6) to rotate. Central Processor (17) will adjust the speed of Electric Motor (6) without the involvement of Throttle (18). When Electric Motor (6) reaches the speed at which Alternator (11) rotates and generates an energy greater than the power consumption of Electric Motor (6) at the same time and is best suited for charging, Central Processor (17) will command Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to disconnect from Battery (16) and connect to AC to DC Converter (12) so that Electric Motor (6) continues to rotate. After that, Central Processor (17) will command Battery Charge Controller (15) to connect to charge the vehicle. Central Processor (17) will monitor and command Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to provide an additional portion of the energy from Battery (16) to Electric Motor (6), providing enough energy to maintain the steady motion of Alternator (11) as needed. The charging is carried out when electric cars stop completely and applied to electric cars with a 3-mode gearbox and Alternator (11) with a maximum generating capacity equal, greater or less than the maximum power consumption of Electric Motor (6), the battery of electric cars must also be enough for Electric Motor (6) to rotate. The vehicle’s battery can be charged at the charging stations.

[0023] + For electric cars with a 2-mode gearbox and Alternator (11) with a maximum generating capacity equal, greater or less than the maximum power consumption of Electric Motor (6), when the battery runs out of energy at a level sufficient for Electric Motor (6) to run Alternator (11) or the user orders the electric car to charge and the vehicle is stationary. Central Processor (17) will command Gearbox Controller (14) to switch Gearbox (9) to the Simultaneous Wheel and Alternator Rotation Mode. Then, Central Processor (17) commands Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to connect to Battery (16) so that Electric Motor (6) rotates. Central Processor (17) will adjust the speed of Electric Motor (6) without going through Throttle (18). When Electric Motor (6) reaches the speed at which Alternator (11) rotates and generates an energy greater than the power consumption of Electric Motor (6) at the same time, and is best suited for charging, Central Processor (17) will command Battery Charge Controller (15) to connect to charge the electric vehicle. Central Processor (17) will adjust and command Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to provide a sufficient energy for Electric Motor (6) to maintain rotation and efficient charging. Central Processor (17) will monitor and command Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to provide an additional portion of the energy from Battery (16) to Electric Motor (6), providing enough energy to maintain the steady motion of Alternator (11) as needed. The charging is performed when the electric car is completely stationary. For electric cars with 2-mode gearboxes, the wheels will rotate when charging, so the electric car needs to be raised without contact with the ground. The electric car’s battery must be enough for Electric Motor (6) to rotate and start. When the electric car’s Battery (16) is full or the user make commands, the system pauses charging and disconnects. The vehicle’s battery can be charged at the charging stations.

[0024] -With option 3, Alternator (11) has a maximum generating capacity that is equal, greater or less than the maximum power consumption of Electric Motor (6) and 2-mode gearbox includes Wheel Rotation Only Mode, Alternator Rotation Only Mode. + When the vehicle is stationary, Central Processor (17) will command the Gearbox Controller (14) to switch Gearbox (9) to Wheel Rotation Only Mode. When the driver presses Throttle (18), Central Processor (17) commands Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to connect to Battery (16). Then, the current will go to Inverter (8), powering Electric Motor (6) to rotate, at the same time, Gearbox (9) and Differential Unit (5) will also operate in connection with Electric Motor (6) because they are connected. Thereby, Wheel (3) rotates and the electric car will move. Electric motor (6) will use energy from Battery (16) during travel.

[0025] + When the electric car’s Battery (16) runs out of energy or the user commands the electric car to charge, Central Controller (17) will command Gearbox Controller (14) to switch Gearbox (9) to the Alternator Rotation Only Mode. Next, Central Processor (17) commands Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to connect to Battery (16) in order for Electric Motor (6) to rotate. Central Processor (17) will adjust the speed of Electric Motor (6) without the involvement of Throttle (18). When Electric Motor (6) reaches the speed at which Alternator (11) rotates and generates an energy greater than the power consumption of Electric Motor (6) at the same time and is best suited for charging, Central Processor (17) will command Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to disconnect from Battery (16) and connect to AC to DC Converter (12) so that Electric Motor (6) continues to rotate. After that, Central Processor (17) will command Battery Charge Controller (15) to connect to charge the vehicle. Central Processor (17) will monitor and command Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to provide an additional portion of the energy from Battery (16) to Electric Motor (6), providing enough energy to maintain the steady motion of Alternator (11) as needed. The charging is carried out when electric cars stop completely. The battery of electric cars must also be enough for Electric Motor (6) to rotate. The vehicle’s battery can be charged at the charging stations.

Claims

SECURITY CLAIMS1. The powertrain using a complementary combined power supply for electric cars comprises:The 3-Mode Gearbox (9), including the first mode that only spins the wheel, the second mode that only spins the alternator, the third mode that spins both the wheel and the alternator simultaneously; or the two-Mode Gearbox (9), including the first mode that only spins the wheel and the second mode that spins both the wheel and the alternator simultaneously;The Differential Unit (5) is connected to the Gearbox (9) to adjust the speed of each wheel as they slide and rotate;The Alternator (11), in which the Alternator (11) has a maximum generating power that is greater than the maximum consuming power of the Electric Motor (6); at a predetermined velocity, the Alternator (11) generates an energy greater than the energy consumed by the Electric Motor (6);The Inverter (8) is disposed to control the speed and torque of the motor;The Gearbox Controller (14), in which the Gearbox Controller (14) has a function of controlling the Gearbox (9) according to the modes and receiving command information from The Central Processor (17);The Central Processor (17) is disposed to connect to the Gearbox Controller (14), the Battery Charge Controller (15), The Throttle (18) and The Power Supply Breaker And Switch Controller (13) for processing the information, wherein:+ When the vehicle is stationary, Central Processor (17) will command Gearbox Controller (14) to switch Gearbox (9) to the Wheel Rotation Only Mode. When the driver presses Throttle (18), Central Processor (17) commands Power Supply Breaker And Switch Controller (13) to connect to Battery (16).+When the electric vehicle reaches a certain velocity at which the Alternator (11) can produce an energy greater than the power consumption of Electric Motor (6) at the same time, Central Processor (17) will command Gearbox Controller (14) to switch Gearbox (9) to the Simultaneous Wheel and Alternator Rotation Mode; Central Processor (17) will then command Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controlled 1)3 to disconnect from Battery (16) and connect to AC to DC Converter (12);+ As the electric car continues to accelerate, Alternator (11) will rotate faster, generate an energy greater than the power consumption of Electric Motor (6), Central Processor (17) will command Battery Charge Controller (15) to operate and charge the electric car with the excessenergy when Electric Motor (6) has been supplied with sufficient energy; Central Processor (17) will monitor and command Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to provide an additional portion of the energy from Battery (16) to Electric Motor (6), providing enough energy to sustain the constant motion of the electric car as needed;+ When the electric car decelerates, Alternator (11) generates an energy level below the ability to properly supply energy to Electric Motor (6), or stops completely, Central Processor (17) will command Gearbox Controller (14) to switch Gearbox (9) to the Wheel Rotation Only Mode; Central Processor (17) will then command Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to disconnect from AC to DC Converter (12), and reconnect to Battery (16) as well;+ When the electric car’s Battery (16) runs out of energy or the user commands the electric car to charge, Central Controller (17) will command Gearbox Controller (14) to switch Gearbox (9) to the Alternator Rotation Only Mode; Central Processor (17) will command Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to connect to Battery (16) in order for Electric Motor (6) to rotate. Central Processor (17) will adjust the speed of Electric Motor 6 without the involvement of Throttle (18). When Electric Motor (6) reaches the speed at which Alternator (11) rotates and generates an energy greater than the power consumption of Electric Motor (6) at the same time and is best suited for charging, Central Processor (17) will command Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to disconnect from Battery (16) and connect to AC to DC Converter (12) so that Electric Motor (6) continues to rotate; Central Processor (17) will command Battery Charge Controller (15) to connect to charge the vehicle; Central Processor (17) will monitor and command Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to provide an additional portion of the energy from Battery (16) to Electric Motor (6), providing enough energy to maintain the steady motion of Alternator (11) as needed. The charging is carried out for electric cars with a 3-mode gearbox;+ For electric cars with a 2-mode gearbox, when the battery runs out of energy or the user orders the electric car to charge and the vehicle is stationary. Central Processor (17) will command Gearbox Controller (14) to switch Gearbox (9) to the Simultaneous Wheel and Alternator Rotation Mode; Central Processor (17) commands Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to connect to Battery (16) so that Electric Motor (6) rotates; When Electric Motor (6) reaches the speed at which Alternator (11) rotates and generates an energy greater than the power consumption of Electric Motor (6) at the same time, and is best suited for charging, Central Processor (17) will command Battery Charge Controller (15) to connect to charge the electric vehicle; Central Processor (17) will adjust and command Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to provide a sufficient energy for Electric Motor (6) to maintain rotation and efficient charging ; Central Processor (17) will monitor and command Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to provide an additional portion of theenergy from Batery (16) to Electric Motor (6), providing enough energy to maintain the steady motion of Alternator (11) as needed;The AC to DC Converter (12) converts the voltage from alternating current to direct current.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the inverter (8) has an output of two- or three-phase alternating current, direct current.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the alternator (11) is a two- or three-phase, direct current alternator.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the electric motor (6) uses two- or three-phase alternating current.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the gearbox controller (14) uses a hydraulic, electrical, or mechanical mechanism.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the gearbox (9) is disposed with one, two or more electric motors (6)7. The system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, Alternator (11) has a maximum generating power that is less than the maximum power consumption of Electric Motor (6) but at the same time must be at the appropriate power for the vehicle to operate efficiently and ensure optimal distance increase or Alternator (11) has a maximum generating power equal to the maximum power consumption of Electric Motor (6);The differential unit (5) is connected to the gearbox (9) to adjust the speed of each wheel as they slide and rotate;The alternator (11) wherein the alternator (11) has a maximum generating power that is greater than the maximum consuming power of the electric motor (6); at a predetermined velocity, the alternator (11) generates an energy greater than the energy consumed by the electric motor (6);The inverter (8) is disposed to control the speed and torque of the motor;The gearbox controller (14), wherein the gearbox controller (14) has a function of controlling the gearbox (9) according to the modes and receiving command information from the central processor (17);The central processor (17) is disposed to connect to the gearbox controller (14), the battery charge controller (15), the throtle (18) and the power supply breaker and switch controller (13) for processing the information, wherein:When the electric vehicle reaches a certain velocity at which Alternator (11) can produce an effective level of energy to supply to Electric Motor (6), Central Processor (17) will command Gearbox Controller (14) to switch Gearbox (9) to the Simultaneous Rotation of Wheel and Alternator Mode; Central Processor (17) will adjust and command Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to incorporate a partial power supply from Battery (16) and prioritize all power from Alternator (11) via AC to DC Converter (12). The current going to Inverter (8), shall continue to power the Electric Motor (6) to rotate and accelerate the vehicle;+ As the electric car continues to accelerate, Central Processor (17) will continuously adjust and command Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to always prioritize all energy from Alternator (11) via AC to DC Converter (12) and reduce energy from Battery (16); Central Processor (17) will monitor and command Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to provide an additional portion of the energy from Battery (16) to Electric Motor (6), providing enough energy to sustain the constant motion of the electric car as needed;+When the battery runs out of energy or the user orders the electric car to charge and the vehicle is stationary, Central Processor (17) will command Gearbox Controller (14) to switch Gearbox (9) to the Alternator Rotation Only Mode for electric cars with 3-mode gearboxes, and to the Simultaneous Wheel and Alternator Rotation Mode for electric cars with 2-mode gearboxes; Central Processor (17) commands Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to connect to Battery (16) so that Electric Motor (6) rotates; When Electric Motor (6) reaches the speed at which Alternator (11) rotates and generates an energy greater than the power consumption of Electric Motor (6) at the same time, and is best suited for charging, Central Processor (17) will command Battery Charge Controller (15) to connect to charge the electric vehicle; Central Processor (17) will adjust and command Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to provide a sufficient energy for Electric Motor (6) to maintain rotation and efficient charging. Central Processor (17) will monitor and command Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to provide an additional portion of the energy from Battery (16) to Electric Motor (6), providing enough energy to maintain the steady motion of Alternator (11) as needed.

8. The system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, Alternator (11) has a maximum generating power that is less than the maximum power consumption of Electric Motor (6) but at the same time must be at the appropriate power for the vehicle to operate efficiently and ensure optimal distance increase, Alternator (11) has a maximum generating power equal or greater to the maximum power consumption of Electric Motor (6); at a predetermined velocity, the Alternator (11) generates an energy greater than the energy consumed by the Electric Motor (6); 2-mode gearbox includes wheel Rotation Only Mode, Simultaneous Wheel and Alternator Rotation ModeThe differential unit (5) is connected to the gearbox (9) to adjust the speed of each wheel as they slide and rotate;The inverter (8) is disposed to control the speed and torque of the motor;The gearbox controller (14), wherein the gearbox controller (14) has a function of controlling the gearbox (9) according to the modes and receiving command information from the central processor (17);The central processor (17) is disposed to connect to the gearbox controller (14), the battery charge controller (15), the throttle (18) and the power supply breaker and switch controller (13) for processing the information, wherein:+ When the vehicle is stationary, Central Processor (17) will command the Gearbox Controller (14) to switch Gearbox (9) to Wheel Rotation Only Mode. When the driver presses Throttle (18), Central Processor (17) commands Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to connect to Battery (16). Then, the current will go to Inverter (8), powering Electric Motor (6) to rotate, at the same time, Gearbox (9) and Differential Unit (5) will also operate in connection with Electric Motor (6) because they are connected. Thereby, Wheel (3) rotates and the electric car will move. Electric motor (6) will use energy from Battery 16 during travel;+ When the electric car’s Battery (16) runs out of energy or the user commands the electric car to charge, Central Controller (17) will command Gearbox Controller (14) to switch Gearbox (9) to the Alternator Rotation Only Mode. Next, Central Processor (17) commands Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to connect to Battery (16) in order for Electric Motor (6) to rotate. Central Processor (17) will adjust the speed of Electric Motor (6) without the involvement of Throttle (18). When Electric Motor (6) reaches the speed at which Alternator (11) rotates and generates an energy greater than the power consumption of Electric Motor (6) at the same time and is best suited for charging, Central Processor (17) will command Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to disconnect from Battery (16) and connect to AC to DC Converter (12) so that Electric Motor (6) continues to rotate. After that, Central Processor (17) will command Battery Charge Controller (15) to connect to charge the vehicle. Central Processor (17) will monitor and command Power Supply Breaker and Switch Controller (13) to provide an additional portion of the energy from Battery (16) to Electric Motor (6), providing enough energy to maintain the steady motion of Alternator (11) as needed;

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