Rubber formwork-based reinforcing system for ultra-deep small-diameter shaft and construction method

Abstract

A rubber formwork-based reinforcing system for an ultra-deep small-diameter shaft and a construction method. The system comprises a shaft structure (1) and wooden formwork (2); the number of pieces of the wooden formwork (2) is four and the wooden formwork is laid around the inner diameter of the shaft structure (1); rubber inflatable formwork (3) is arranged inside the wooden formwork (2); supporting mechanisms (4) are arranged on the outer sides of the wooden formwork (2); timbers (9) are arranged on the outer sides of the wooden formwork (2). During use, firstly, the wooden formwork (2) is laid around the inner diameter of the shaft structure (1), and the wooden formwork (2) is fixed by means of the supporting mechanisms (4); then the rubber inflatable formwork (3) is placed inside the laid wood formwork (2); then, the rubber inflatable formwork (3) is inflated by means of an air compressor; then concrete is poured between the wooden formwork (2) and the rubber inflatable formwork (3); when the concrete is initially set, the rubber inflatable formwork (3) is deflated, and when deflation is completed, the rubber inflatable formwork (3) is pulled out.

Description

A rubber formwork reinforcement system and construction method for ultra-high small-diameter shafts Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of internal formwork support for vertical shafts, and in particular relates to a rubber formwork reinforcement system and a construction method for ultra-high and small-diameter vertical shafts. Background Art

[0002] Vertical shaft is a structure often encountered in building construction. The construction of vertical shaft includes two steps: excavation and lining. Among them, lining is an important step to ensure the structural stability and safety of the vertical shaft when it is used after completion. The vertical shaft construction method includes forward construction method and reverse construction method. For deep wells with large cross-sections, the reverse construction method is generally used. First, a section of the foundation pit is excavated in layers. After the initial lining, the lining wall structure of the vertical shaft in this section is cast to form a permanent support. After the lining wall concrete has cured to a certain strength, the next section of the foundation pit is excavated downwards, and then the initial lining is carried out and the lining wall of the vertical shaft in this section is cast. This cycle is repeated from top to bottom until the entire vertical shaft structure is completed at the bottom of the well. At present, the internal formwork support system of the vertical shaft mostly uses wooden formwork to process the qualitative inner membrane in combination with the outer membrane and set up a support frame for construction.

[0003] The invention currently announced as: CN107034893A discloses a vertical shaft construction method, including: forming an underground continuous wall; excavating the soil inside the underground continuous wall to form a foundation pit with a certain depth; injecting water into the foundation pit, and carrying out underwater excavation of the remaining soil inside the underground continuous wall to a predetermined depth; moving a prefabricated steel casing to the foundation pit, and using the buoyancy of water to sink a certain depth in the foundation pit, and raising the steel casing during the sinking process; when the steel casing reaches a predetermined height, stopping raising it, and setting a retaining water retaining component on the steel casing, and then continuing to sink the steel casing to the bottom of the foundation pit; filling the gap between the steel casing and the underground continuous wall, removing the retaining water retaining component, and continuing to raise the steel casing to the ground surface. The vertical shaft construction method provided by this invention uses a prefabricated steel casing as the bottom plate structure and lining wall structure of the vertical shaft, so that the strength of the vertical shaft structure is guaranteed. In addition, the steel casing can be implemented simultaneously with the early excavation of the vertical shaft, which can save a lot of construction time and reduce costs.

[0004] The existing ultra-high small-diameter shaft has the following disadvantages during construction:

[0005] 1. When the inner diameter of the shaft is small and the wall is high, the use of traditional formwork + wooden beams will lead to a sudden increase in construction difficulty. During the vertical splicing process of the wooden formwork-shaped wooden box, the joints are prone to mold expansion, and the self-supporting force of the wooden box is insufficient. When the height is high, the reinforcement system is unstable.

[0006] 2. Traditionally, the horizontal back ribs of small-diameter vertical shafts are mostly made of short steel pipes or short wooden ribs, which may lead to waste of resources and high construction difficulty due to shortening of steel pipes or wooden ribs. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rubber formwork reinforcement system and construction method for ultra-high small-diameter vertical shafts to solve the problems mentioned in the above background issues.

[0008] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions: a rubber formwork reinforcement system and construction method for an ultra-high small-diameter vertical shaft, comprising a vertical shaft structure and a wooden formwork, wherein the wooden formwork is provided in four pieces and is laid around the inner diameter of the vertical shaft structure, a rubber inflatable formwork is provided on the inner side of the wooden formwork, a support mechanism is provided on the outer side of the wooden formwork, and wooden beams are provided on the outer side of the wooden formwork;

[0009] The rubber inflatable template includes a rubber airbag, a pressure gauge and a one-way air valve. The rubber airbag is arranged on the inner side of the wooden template, the pressure gauge is arranged on the rubber airbag, the one-way air valve is arranged on the rubber airbag, and the pressure gauge is connected to the one-way air valve.

[0010] The above technical solution is adopted, by setting wooden beams, wooden formwork, rubber inflatable formwork and supporting mechanism. When in use, first lay the wooden formwork around the inner diameter of the vertical shaft, fix the wooden formwork by the supporting mechanism, then place the rubber inflatable formwork on the inside of the laid wooden formwork, and then inflate the rubber inflatable formwork by an air compressor, and then pour concrete between the wooden formwork and the rubber inflatable formwork. When the concrete is initially set, the rubber inflatable formwork is deflated, and the rubber inflatable formwork can be pulled out after the air is deflated. The rubber inflatable formwork includes a rubber airbag, a pressure gauge and a one-way air valve. When in use, first use the air compressor to inflate the rubber airbag through the one-way air valve. During inflation, the air pressure inside the airbag can be controlled and monitored by the pressure gauge. When the concrete is initially set, open the one-way air valve to deflate the rubber airbag, and the rubber airbag can be pulled out after the air is deflated.

[0011] The present invention is further configured as follows: the support mechanism includes a first support plate, a connecting seat, a connecting rod, a rotating ball, a first support rod, a second support rod and a mounting base; the first support plate is arranged on a wooden beam; the connecting seat is arranged on the first support plate; the connecting seats are two in number and are symmetrically arranged; the connecting rod is arranged in the connecting seat; the rotating ball is rotatably arranged on the connecting rod; the first support rod is arranged on the rotating ball; the second support rod is threadedly arranged on the first support rod; the first support rod is threadedly rotated in the second support rod to change the extension length of the first support rod; the mounting base is arranged at one end of the second support rod; and the mounting base is fixed to the ground by an anchor nail.

[0012] The above technical solution is adopted, by setting a first support plate, a connecting seat, a connecting rod, a rotating ball, a first support rod, a second support rod and a mounting base. When in use, the second support rod is first fixed by the mounting base, and then the first support rod is fixed by the second support rod. Since one end of the first support rod is connected to the rotating ball, and the rotating ball is rotatably connected on the connecting rod in the connecting seat, the inclination angle of the first support rod and the second support rod can be changed, and the first support plate can be fixed at different positions on the wooden beam to adapt to wooden beams of different heights.

[0013] The present invention is further configured as follows: a connecting plate is hinged on the mounting base, a second supporting plate is hinged on one end of the connecting plate, and the second supporting plate is in contact with the wooden beam.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, a connecting plate and a second support plate are set. When in use, the connecting plate is first connected to the mounting base, which can support and fix the second support plate through the connecting plate. Then, the two ends of the connecting plate are respectively hinged to the mounting base and the second support plate, so that the second support plate can support and fix different positions of the wooden formwork.

[0015] The present invention is further configured as follows: anti-slip grooves are respectively provided on the first support plate and the second support plate, and the anti-slip grooves are multiple and linearly arranged.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution and setting anti-slip grooves, the anti-slip grooves can increase the friction between the first support plate and the second support plate and the wooden beams during use, so that the first support plate and the second support plate can better support and fix the wooden beams and wooden formwork.

[0017] The present invention is further configured as follows: a reinforcing rod is provided between the two first support rods, and the reinforcing rods are in multiple numbers and are linearly arranged.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, by setting a reinforcing rod, when in use, the reinforcing rod can increase the supporting force of the first support rod, so that the first support rod can better support and fix the wooden beam and the wooden formwork.

[0019] The present invention is further configured as follows: the rubber airbag is made of synthetic rubber, natural rubber and a limiting reinforcement layer that are vulcanized.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the material of the rubber airbag is set. The rubber airbag is made of synthetic rubber, natural rubber and a limiting reinforcement layer after vulcanization. It is easy to use, economical and durable, and can be used repeatedly for nearly a hundred times. It is soft and shrinkable when not inflated, and can be folded and curled at will. After inflation, it has sufficient strength to withstand the pressure of concrete. It can replace the original wooden mold, bamboo mold, and steel mold and can be reused many times.

[0021] The present invention is further configured such that: the material of the wooden template is a wooden plywood template panel.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, by setting a wooden formwork, the material of which is a wooden plywood formwork panel, the strength of the wooden formwork can be improved and the risk of formwork expansion can be avoided.

[0023] The present invention is further configured such that a reinforcement layer is provided at the bottom of the shaft structure.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution and providing a reinforcement layer, the strength of the shaft mechanism can be enhanced, making the shaft structure more stable.

[0025] A construction method for a super-high small-diameter shaft rubber formwork reinforcement system comprises the following steps:

[0026] S1. Setting a reinforcement layer at the bottom of the shaft structure;

[0027] S2. Lay wooden formwork around the inner diameter of the shaft structure;

[0028] S3. Place the rubber inflatable formwork inside the laid wooden formwork;

[0029] S4. Use an air compressor to inflate the rubber inflatable template through a one-way air valve. First, fill it with a small amount of air and check if the rubber airbag is leaking.

[0030] S5. During inflation, use a pressure gauge to monitor the internal pressure of the rubber airbag. For rubber airbags with a diameter of 1500mm-2500mm, the internal pressure should not exceed 0.01 MPa. As the volume of the rubber airbag increases, the pressure gradually decreases.

[0031] S6. Pour concrete between the rubber airbag and the wooden formwork, using C30 double-layer reinforced concrete support with a thickness of 300 mm.

[0032] S7. Wait for the concrete to initially set, which takes 3-7 minutes. Then, open the one-way air valve to deflate the rubber formwork. Once deflated, remove the formwork.

[0033] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] By setting up wooden beams, wooden formwork, rubber inflatable formwork and supporting mechanisms, when in use, first lay the wooden formwork around the inner diameter of the shaft, fix the wooden formwork through the supporting mechanism, then place the rubber inflatable formwork on the inside of the laid wooden formwork, and then inflate the rubber inflatable formwork through an air compressor, and then pour concrete between the wooden formwork and the rubber inflatable formwork. When the concrete is initially set, deflate the rubber inflatable formwork, and then pull out the rubber inflatable formwork after deflation.

[0035] By setting up a rubber airbag, a pressure gauge and a one-way air valve, when in use, first use an air compressor to inflate the rubber airbag through the one-way air valve. During inflation, the air pressure inside the airbag can be controlled and monitored by the pressure gauge. When the concrete begins to set, open the one-way air valve to deflate the rubber airbag, and then pull out the rubber airbag after deflation.

[0036] Based on the above improvements, the overall technical effect achieved by this device is that it can improve the stability and strength of the support system, and has strong economic advantages, etc., and is suitable for replacing the internal formwork frame of traditional ultra-high small-diameter vertical shafts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0038] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a rubber inflatable template of the present invention;

[0039] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a support mechanism of the present invention;

[0040] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of the wooden formwork and reinforcement layer of the present invention

[0041] FIG5 is an enlarged view of point A in FIG3 of the present invention;

[0042] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the construction method of the present invention.

[0043] In the figure, 1. shaft structure; 2. wooden formwork; 3. rubber inflatable formwork; 4. supporting mechanism; 5. connecting plate; 6. second support plate; 7. anti-slip groove; 8. reinforcing rod; 9. wooden beam; 10. reinforcement layer; 301. rubber airbag; 302. pressure gauge; 303. one-way air valve; 401. first support plate; 402. connecting seat; 403. connecting rod; 404. rotating ball; 405. first support rod; 406. second support rod; 407. mounting base. Implementation Method

[0044] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example

[0045] Referring to Figures 1 to 6 , the present invention provides a technical solution comprising a shaft structure 1 and wooden formwork 2, wherein four wooden formworks 2 are arranged around the inner diameter of the shaft structure 1, a rubber inflatable formwork 3 is arranged on the inner side of the wooden formwork 2, a supporting mechanism 4 is arranged on the outer side of the wooden formwork 2, and wooden beams 9 are arranged on the outer side of the wooden formwork 2;

[0046] The rubber inflatable template 3 includes a rubber airbag 301, a pressure gauge 302 and a one-way air valve 303. The rubber airbag 301 is arranged on the inner side of the wooden template 2, the pressure gauge 302 is arranged on the rubber airbag 301, the one-way air valve 303 is arranged on the rubber airbag 301, and the pressure gauge 302 is connected to the one-way air valve 303.

[0047] By setting the wooden beam 9, the wooden formwork 2, the rubber inflatable formwork 3 and the supporting mechanism 4, when in use, first lay the wooden formwork 2 around the inner diameter of the shaft, fix the wooden formwork 2 by the supporting mechanism 4, then place the rubber inflatable formwork 3 inside the laid wooden formwork 2, and then inflate the rubber inflatable formwork 3 through the air compressor, and then pour concrete between the wooden formwork 2 and the rubber inflatable formwork 3. When the concrete is initially set, deflate the rubber inflatable formwork 3, and after deflation, pull out the rubber inflatable formwork 3.

[0048] When in use, first use an air compressor to inflate the rubber airbag 301 through the one-way air valve 303. During inflation, the air pressure inside the airbag can be controlled and monitored through the pressure gauge 302. When the concrete begins to set, open the one-way air valve 303 to deflate the rubber airbag 301. After deflation, the rubber airbag 301 is pulled out.

[0049] Referring to Figure 2, the rubber airbag 301 is made of synthetic rubber, natural rubber and a limiting reinforcement layer that are vulcanized. By setting the material of the rubber airbag 301, the rubber airbag 301 is made of synthetic rubber, natural rubber and a limiting reinforcement layer that are vulcanized. It is easy to use, economical and durable, and can be used repeatedly for nearly a hundred times. It is soft and shrinks when not inflated, and can be folded and curled at will. After being inflated, it has sufficient strength to withstand the pressure of concrete. It can replace the original wooden mold, bamboo mold, and steel mold and can be reused many times.

[0050] Referring to FIG1 , the material of the wooden formwork 2 is a wooden plywood formwork panel. By setting the wooden formwork 2 and making the wooden formwork 2 a wooden plywood formwork panel, the strength of the wooden formwork 2 can be improved and the risk of mold expansion can be avoided.

[0051] Referring to FIG4 , a reinforcement layer 10 is provided at the bottom of the shaft structure 1. By providing the reinforcement layer 10, the strength of the shaft mechanism 1 can be enhanced, making the shaft structure 1 more stable.

[0052] Brief description of the usage process: When in use, first use an air compressor to inflate the rubber airbag 301 through the one-way air valve 303. During inflation, the air pressure inside the airbag can be controlled and monitored through the pressure gauge 302. When the concrete begins to set, open the one-way air valve 303 to deflate the rubber airbag 301. After deflation, pull out the rubber airbag 301, and then fix the second support rod 406 through the mounting base 407. Example

[0053] 1 to 6 , the support mechanism 4 includes a first support plate 401, a connecting seat 402, a connecting rod 403, a rotating ball 404, a first support rod 405, a second support rod 406 and a mounting base 407. The first support plate 401 is arranged on the wooden beam 9, the connecting seat 402 is arranged on the first support plate 401, there are two connecting seats 402 and they are symmetrically arranged, the connecting rod 403 is arranged in the connecting seat 402, the rotating ball 404 is rotatably arranged on the connecting rod 403, the first support rod 405 is arranged on the rotating ball 404, the second support rod 406 is threadedly arranged on the first support rod 405, and the first support rod 405 can change the extension length of the first support rod 405 by threading in the second support rod 406. The mounting base 407 is arranged on the second support rod At one end of 406, the mounting base 407 is fixed to the ground by an anchor nail. By setting the first support plate 401, the connecting seat 402, the connecting rod 403, the rotating ball 404, the first support rod 405, the second support rod 406 and the mounting base 407, when in use, the second support rod 406 is first fixed by the mounting base 407, and then the first support rod 405 is fixed by the second support rod 406. Since one end of the first support rod 405 is connected to the rotating ball 404, and the rotating ball 404 is rotatably connected on the connecting rod 403 in the connecting seat 402, the inclination angle of the first support rod 405 and the second support rod 406 can be changed, and then the first support plate 401 can be fixed to different positions on the wooden beam 9 to adapt to wooden beams 9 of different heights.

[0054] Referring to Figure 3, a connecting plate 5 is hinged on the mounting base 407, and one end of the connecting plate 5 is hinged to a second support plate 6, and the second support plate 6 is in contact with the wooden beam 9. By setting the connecting plate 5 and the second support plate 6, when in use, the connecting plate 5 is first connected to the mounting base 407, and the second support plate 6 can be supported and fixed through the connecting plate 5. Then, the two ends of the connecting plate 5 are respectively hinged to the mounting base 407 and the second support plate 6, so that the second support plate 6 can support and fix different positions of the wooden formwork 2.

[0055] Referring to Figure 3, anti-slip grooves 7 are respectively provided on the first support plate 401 and the second support plate 6. The number of anti-slip grooves 7 is several and they are arranged linearly. By setting the anti-slip grooves 7, when in use, the anti-slip grooves 7 can increase the friction between the first support plate 401 and the second support plate 6 and the wooden beam 9, so that the first support plate 401 and the second support plate 6 can better support and fix the wooden beam 9 and the wooden formwork 2.

[0056] Referring to Figure 1, a reinforcing rod 8 is arranged between the two first support rods 405. The number of the reinforcing rods 8 is several and they are arranged linearly. By setting the reinforcing rods 8, when in use, the reinforcing rods 8 can increase the supporting force of the first support rods 405, so that the first support rods 405 can better support and fix the wooden beams 9 and the wooden formwork 2.

[0057] Brief description of the usage process: Fix the second support rod 406 through the mounting base 407, and then fix the first support rod 405 through the second support rod 406. Since one end of the first support rod 405 is connected to the rotating ball 404, and the rotating ball 404 is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 403 in the connecting seat 402, the inclination angle of the first support rod 405 and the second support rod 406 can be changed, and then the first support plate 401 is fixed to different positions on the wooden beam 9 to adapt to wooden beams 9 of different heights. Then, the connecting plate 5 is connected to the mounting base 407, and the second support plate 6 can be supported and fixed through the connecting plate 5. Then, the two ends of the connecting plate 5 are respectively hinged to the mounting base 407 and the second support plate 6, so that the second support plate 6 can support and fix different positions of the wooden formwork 2.

[0058] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to this embodiment as needed. However, as long as such modifications are within the scope of the claims of the present invention, they are protected by patent law.

Claims

1. A rubber formwork reinforcement system for an ultra-high small-diameter shaft, comprising a shaft structure (1) and a wooden formwork (2), characterized in that: The number of the wooden templates (2) is four and they are laid around the inner diameter of the shaft structure (1); a rubber inflatable template (3) is arranged on the inner side of the wooden template (2); a supporting mechanism (4) is arranged on the outer side of the wooden template (2); and a wooden beam (9) is arranged on the outer side of the wooden template (2); the rubber inflatable template (3) comprises a rubber airbag (301), a pressure gauge (302) and a one-way air valve (303); the rubber airbag (301) is arranged on the inner side of the wooden template (2); the pressure gauge (302) is arranged on the rubber airbag (301); the one-way air valve (303) is arranged on the rubber airbag (301); and the pressure gauge (302) is connected to the one-way air valve (303).

2. The rubber formwork reinforcement system for ultra-high small-diameter shafts according to claim 1 is characterized by: The support mechanism (4) comprises a first support plate (401), a connecting seat (402), a connecting rod (403), a rotating ball (404), a first support rod (405), a second support rod (406) and a mounting base (407), wherein the first support plate (401) is arranged on the wooden beam (9), the connecting seat (402) is arranged on the first support plate (401), the connecting seat (402) is two in number and symmetrically arranged, the connecting rod (403) is arranged in the connecting seat (402), and the The rotating ball (404) is rotatably arranged on the connecting rod (403); the first support rod (405) is arranged on the rotating ball (404); the second support rod (406) is threadedly arranged on the first support rod (405); the first support rod (405) can change the extension length of the first support rod (405) by threading in the second support rod (406); the mounting base (407) is arranged at one end of the second support rod (406); and the mounting base (407) is fixed to the ground by anchor nails.

3. The rubber formwork reinforcement system for ultra-high small-diameter shafts according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A connecting plate (5) is hingedly connected to the mounting base (407), and a second supporting plate (6) is hingedly connected to one end of the connecting plate (5), and the second supporting plate (6) is in contact with the wooden beam (9).

4. The rubber formwork reinforcement system for ultra-high small-diameter shafts according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The first support plate (401) and the second support plate (6) are respectively provided with anti-slip grooves (7), and the anti-slip grooves (7) are multiple in number and are arranged linearly.

5. The rubber formwork reinforcement system for ultra-high small-diameter shafts according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A reinforcing rod (8) is arranged between the two first support rods (405), and the reinforcing rods (8) are multiple in number and arranged linearly.

6. The rubber formwork reinforcement system for ultra-high small-diameter shafts according to claim 1 is characterized by: The rubber airbag (301) is made of synthetic rubber, natural rubber and a limit reinforcement layer after vulcanization.

7. The rubber formwork reinforcement system for ultra-high small-diameter shafts according to claim 1 is characterized by: The material of the wooden formwork (2) is a wooden plywood formwork panel.

8. The rubber formwork reinforcement system for ultra-high small-diameter shafts according to claim 1 is characterized by: A reinforcement layer (10) is provided at the bottom of the shaft structure (1).

9. A construction method for a super-high small-diameter shaft rubber formwork reinforcement system according to claims 1-8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. A reinforcement layer (10) is provided at the bottom of the shaft structure (1); S2. A wooden formwork (2) is laid around the inner diameter of the shaft structure (1); S3. A rubber inflatable formwork (3) is placed inside the laid wooden formwork (2); S4. An air compressor is used to inflate the rubber inflatable formwork (3) through a one-way air valve (303). A small amount of air is first filled in to check whether the rubber airbag (301) is leaking; S5. During inflation, a pressure gauge (302) is used to control and monitor the internal air pressure of the rubber airbag (301). The internal pressure of the rubber airbag (301) with a diameter of 1500mm-2500mm cannot be greater than 0.01 MPa. As the volume of the rubber airbag (301) increases, the pressure on the rubber airbag (301) gradually decreases; S6. Concrete is injected between the rubber airbag (301) and the wooden formwork (2). C30 double-layer reinforced concrete support is used, with a thickness of d=300mm; S7. After the concrete is initially set, which takes 3-7 minutes, the one-way air valve (303) is opened to deflate the rubber inflatable template (3). After deflation is completed, the rubber inflatable template (3) can be removed.

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