Two-stroke internal combustion engine

Abstract

A two-stroke internal combustion engine, comprising: a cylinder cover (6), the cylinder cover (6) covering a cylinder (1) and being provided with a first through hole, a second through hole, a third through hole, and an exhaust channel (27) which are communicated with the cylinder (1); a pure oxygen injector (7), a fuel injector (8), and a spark plug (10) which are correspondingly sealedly mounted in the first through hole, the second through hole, and the third through hole, respectively; and an exhaust valve (9), the exhaust valve (9) being mounted on the cylinder cover (6) and being capable of closing or opening the exhaust channel (27).

Description

A two-stroke internal combustion engine Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a two-stroke internal combustion engine, belonging to the technical field of engines. Background Art

[0002] The working process of a traditional four-stroke internal combustion engine consists of four strokes: intake stroke - compression stroke - power stroke - exhaust stroke, and the crankshaft rotates 720° to complete a working cycle; the intake stroke is equipped with a complicated intake system, which not only reduces the reliability of the internal combustion engine, but also consumes a lot of kinetic energy to drive the intake system, causing mechanical losses; due to the large space for the mixing of fuel and air and limited fluidity, it is difficult to form a uniform mixture. The reasonable degree of oil and air mixing in the cylinder has always been a problem that prevents the complete combustion of fuel, further affecting the emission level of the internal combustion engine while reducing the thermal efficiency of the internal combustion engine.

[0003] Prior art CN 110725745A discloses a two-stroke engine. A two-stroke engine produces one work cycle per crankshaft rotation, while a four-stroke engine produces one work cycle per crankshaft rotation. Therefore, a two-stroke engine has stronger torque than a four-stroke engine, resulting in higher specific power and better performance. However, it still requires air intake and compression, resulting in high fuel consumption, low fuel efficiency, severe emissions, and unsuitability for long-distance use. Therefore, a two-stroke engine with high thermal efficiency and no pollution is urgently needed.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a two-stroke internal combustion engine which can improve thermal efficiency, reduce fuel consumption and reduce environmental pollution.

[0006] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problem with the following technical solution: a two-stroke internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, a piston, a connecting rod, a crankshaft, and a crankcase, wherein one end of the cylinder is connected to and communicates with the crankcase, the piston is slidably connected within the cylinder, one end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the end of the piston near the crankcase via a piston pin, and the other end is rotatably connected to the crankshaft, which is rotatably connected within the crankcase, and further comprising:

[0007] A cylinder head, the cylinder head being arranged on the cylinder barrel and having a first through hole, a second through hole, a third through hole and an exhaust passage communicating with the cylinder barrel;

[0008] The pure oxygen injector, the fuel injector and the spark plug are sealed and installed in the first through hole, the second through hole and the third through hole respectively;

[0009] An exhaust valve is mounted on the cylinder head and can close or open the exhaust passage.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: an oxygen tank filled with pure oxygen is connected to a pure oxygen injector through an air pipe, and a fuel injector is connected to a fuel tank through a fuel pipe. According to the working principle of an internal combustion engine, the crankshaft drives the exhaust camshaft to rotate through a transmission belt, and the exhaust camshaft can control the opening and closing of the pure oxygen injector, the fuel injector and the exhaust valve. When the piston rises to the top dead center, the exhaust valve is closed, and a combustion chamber is formed between the top surface of the piston and the cylinder head. The pure oxygen injector injects pure oxygen into the combustion chamber, and the fuel injector injects fuel into the combustion chamber. The spark plug ignites, and the mixture of fuel and pure oxygen explodes in the combustion chamber to generate carbon dioxide, water vapor and a small amount of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon gas. The gas in the combustion chamber expands and does work on the piston, and the piston moves downward. The connecting rod drives the crankshaft to rotate 180 degrees to transfer energy to the outside of the internal combustion engine. After the piston reaches the bottom dead center, the exhaust valve opens, and the piston moves upward to discharge the exhaust gas in the cylinder. The crankshaft rotates 360 degrees, and the crankshaft rotates 360 degrees to complete a working cycle, which greatly improves the working efficiency. The amount of oxygen injected is greater than the amount of oxygen required for fuel combustion, forming oxygen-rich combustion, making the fuel combustion more complete, close to zero emissions, and reducing environmental pollution. At the same time, due to the direct injection of pure oxygen and fuel into the cylinder, there is no need for the intake system of the traditional internal combustion engine, and there will be no malfunction of the intake system. The structure is simpler and more compact. Since pure oxygen and fuel are burned, the exhaust gas does not contain nitrogen oxides (NO X ) harmful gases.

[0011] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a tee pipe, which is installed on the cylinder head and has a first port corresponding to the exhaust channel. The fuel tank is connected to the second port of the tee pipe through an oil pipe, and the crankcase is connected to the third end of the tee pipe through an oil pipe.

[0013] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is: the tee pipe connects the fuel tank and the crankcase, and the evaporated fuel vapor and the exhaust gas after combustion in the fuel tank are transported to the exhaust channel through the tee pipe for combustion, preventing the fuel vapor and the exhaust gas in the crankcase from leaking into the air and polluting the environment.

[0014] Furthermore, it includes a first one-way valve and a second one-way valve, wherein the first one-way valve is installed on the oil pipe between the fuel tank and the three-way pipe, and the second one-way valve is installed on the oil pipe between the crankcase and the three-way pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, it includes a first flow sensor and a second flow sensor, wherein the first flow sensor is installed on the oil pipe between the fuel tank and the tee pipe; the second flow sensor is installed on the oil pipe between the crankcase and the tee pipe.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a first delivery pump and a solenoid valve, both of which are installed on the oil pipe between the fuel tank and the three-way pipe.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a ventilation pipe, an oil-gas separator and a PCV valve. The ventilation pipe is connected to the crankcase, and the oil-gas separator and the PCV valve are sequentially installed on the oil pipe between the crankcase and the three-way pipe.

[0018] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the oil-gas separator separates the lubricating oil vapor and the exhaust gas after combustion in the crankcase, transports the lubricating oil vapor back to the crankcase in liquid form, and transports the exhaust gas after combustion to the exhaust channel.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes an exhaust pipe, an oxygen sensor and a three-way catalytic converter. The exhaust pipe is connected to the exhaust channel, and the oxygen sensor and the three-way catalytic converter are both installed on the exhaust pipe.

[0020] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the oxygen sensor can measure the amount of oxygen emission and feed the data back to the ECU controller, and the ECU controller controls the oxygen injection amount of the pure oxygen injector.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes a second delivery pump, which is installed on the oil pipe between the crankcase and the tee pipe.

[0022] Furthermore, the angle α between the axis of the exhaust valve and the axis of the cylinder is in the range of 0° to 15°.

[0023] Furthermore, it includes a plurality of exhaust valves, a plurality of exhaust channels are opened on the cylinder head, and the plurality of exhaust valves are installed on the cylinder head corresponding to the plurality of exhaust channels and can close or open the exhaust channels.

[0024] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is: the degree of α is 0°~15°, which can increase the lift of the exhaust valve, further reduce the exhaust resistance, reduce the energy lost by exhaust, and at the same time help reduce the amount of residual exhaust gas in the combustion chamber. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a two-stroke internal combustion engine during exhaust according to the present invention;

[0026] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a two-stroke internal combustion engine of the present invention when working;

[0027] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the top structure of a two-stroke internal combustion engine according to the present invention;

[0028] FIG4 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along the AA direction in FIG3 ;

[0029] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a carbon canister and a tortuosity control system of a two-stroke internal combustion engine according to the present invention.

[0030] In the accompanying drawings, the list of components represented by each reference number is as follows: 1-cylinder, 2-piston, 3-connecting rod, 4-crankshaft, 5-crankcase, 6-cylinder head, 7-pure oxygen injector, 8-fuel injector, 9-exhaust valve, 10-spark plug, 11-tee pipe, 12-first one-way valve, 13-second one-way valve, 14-first flow sensor, 15-second flow sensor, 16-first delivery pump, 17-solenoid valve, 18-ventilation pipe, 19-oil separator, 20-PCV valve, 21-exhaust pipe, 22-oxygen sensor, 23-three-way catalytic converter, 24-second delivery pump, 25-fuel tank, 26-carbon canister, 27-exhaust channel, 28-piston pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0032] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a two-stroke internal combustion engine to solve the problems existing in the prior art, thereby improving thermal efficiency, reducing fuel consumption and reducing environmental pollution.

[0033] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] The present invention provides a two-stroke internal combustion engine, as shown in Figures 1 to 5, comprising a cylinder 1, a piston 2, a connecting rod 3, a crankshaft 4, and a crankcase 5. One end of the cylinder 1 is connected to and communicates with the crankcase 5, the piston 2 is slidably connected within the cylinder 1, one end of the connecting rod 3 is rotatably connected to the end of the piston 2 near the crankcase 5 via a piston pin, and the other end is rotatably connected to the crankshaft 4, which is rotatably connected within the crankcase 5. The engine also includes:

[0035] The cylinder head 6, pure oxygen injector 7, fuel injector 8, spark plug 10 and exhaust valve 9 are installed on the cylinder barrel 1 and are provided with a first through hole, a second through hole, a third through hole and an exhaust channel 27 connected to the cylinder barrel 1; the pure oxygen injector 7, the fuel injector 8 and the spark plug 10 are respectively sealed and installed in the first through hole, the second through hole and the third through hole; the exhaust valve 9 is installed on the cylinder head 6 and can close or open the exhaust channel 27.

[0036] The two-stroke internal combustion engine provided by the present invention connects an oxygen tank filled with pure oxygen to a pure oxygen injector 7 through an air pipe, and a fuel injector 8 to a fuel tank 25 through a fuel pipe. According to the working principle of the internal combustion engine, the crankshaft 4 drives the exhaust camshaft to rotate through a transmission belt, and the exhaust camshaft can control the opening and closing of the pure oxygen injector 7, the fuel injector 8 and the exhaust valve 9. When the piston 2 rises to the top dead center, the exhaust valve 9 is closed, and a combustion chamber is formed between the top surface of the piston 2 and the cylinder head 6. The pure oxygen injector 7 injects pure oxygen into the combustion chamber, and the fuel injector 8 injects fuel into the combustion chamber. The spark plug 10 ignites, and the mixture of fuel and pure oxygen explodes in the combustion chamber to generate carbon dioxide, water vapor and a small amount of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon gas. The expansion of the gas in the combustion chamber does work on the piston 2, and the piston 2 moves downward, driving the crankshaft 4 to rotate 180° through the connecting rod 3. After the piston 2 reaches the bottom dead center, the exhaust valve 9 opens, and the piston 2 moves upward to discharge the exhaust gas in the cylinder 1. The crankshaft 4 rotates 360°, and the crankshaft 4 rotates 360° to complete a working cycle, which greatly improves the working efficiency. The amount of oxygen injected is greater than the amount of oxygen required for fuel combustion, forming oxygen-rich combustion, making the fuel combustion more complete, close to zero emissions, and reducing environmental pollution. At the same time, since pure oxygen and fuel are directly injected into the cylinder 1, there is no need for the intake system of a traditional internal combustion engine, and there will be no malfunction of the intake system. The structure is simpler and more compact.

[0037] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a three-way pipe 11, which is installed on the cylinder head 6 and whose first port corresponds to the exhaust channel 27. The fuel tank 25 is connected to the second port of the three-way pipe 11 through an oil pipe, and the crankcase 5 is connected to the third end of the three-way pipe 11 through the oil pipe.

[0038] The three-way pipe 11 connects the fuel tank 25 and the crankcase 5. The evaporated fuel vapor and the exhaust gas after combustion in the fuel tank 25 are transported to the exhaust channel 27 through the three-way pipe for combustion, preventing the fuel vapor and the exhaust gas in the crankcase 5 from leaking into the air and polluting the environment. The dual injection of pure oxygen and fuel in the combustion chamber makes the nitrogen oxide emissions of the internal combustion engine zero, and can complete the combustion of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide to produce water and carbon dioxide, which is close to zero emissions.

[0039] Specifically, the exhaust gas after combustion leaks into the crankcase through the gap between the piston and the cylinder.

[0040] Preferably, the fuel may be a combustible liquid or gaseous fuel such as LPG, CNG, gasoline, diesel, methanol, ethanol, hydrogen or natural gas.

[0041] Preferably, the fuel tank 25 is connected to the carbon canister 26 through a pipeline, and the carbon canister 26 is connected to the three-way pipe 11 through an oil pipe.

[0042] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a first one-way valve 12 and a second one-way valve 13 are further included. The first one-way valve 12 is installed on the oil pipe between the fuel tank 25 and the three-way pipe 11, and the second one-way valve 13 is installed on the oil pipe between the crankcase 5 and the three-way pipe 11.

[0043] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a first flow sensor 14 and a second flow sensor 15 are further included. The first flow sensor 14 is installed on the oil pipe between the fuel tank 25 and the tee pipe 11; the second flow sensor 15 is installed on the oil pipe between the crankcase 5 and the tee pipe 11.

[0044] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first delivery pump 16 and the solenoid valve 17 are further included. The first delivery pump 16 and the solenoid valve 17 are both installed on the oil pipe between the fuel tank 25 and the tee pipe 11 .

[0045] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a ventilation pipe 18 , an oil-gas separator 19 and a PCV valve 20 are further included. The ventilation pipe 18 is connected to the crankcase 5 , and the oil-gas separator 19 and the PCV valve 20 are sequentially installed on the oil pipe between the crankcase 5 and the tee pipe 11 .

[0046] The oil-gas separator 19 separates the lubricating oil vapor and the exhaust gas after combustion in the crankcase 5 , and transports the lubricating oil vapor back to the crankcase 5 in liquid form, and transports the exhaust gas after combustion to the exhaust passage 27 .

[0047] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust pipe 21 , an oxygen sensor 22 and a three-way catalytic converter 23 are further included. The exhaust pipe 21 is connected to the exhaust passage 27 , and the oxygen sensor 22 and the three-way catalytic converter 23 are both installed on the exhaust pipe 21 .

[0048] The oxygen sensor 22 can measure the amount of oxygen emission and feed the data back to the ECU controller, which controls the amount of oxygen injected by the pure oxygen injector 7 .

[0049] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a second delivery pump 24 is further included. The second delivery pump 24 is installed on the oil pipe between the crankcase 5 and the tee pipe 11 .

[0050] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the angle α between the axis of the exhaust valve 9 and the axis of the cylinder 1 is 0° to 15°, preferably 0°.

[0051] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of exhaust valves 9 are included, and a plurality of exhaust passages 27 are opened on the cylinder head 6. The plurality of exhaust valves 9 are installed on the cylinder head 6 corresponding to the plurality of exhaust passages 27 and can close or open the exhaust passages 27.

[0052] When the degree of α is 0°, the lift of the exhaust valve 9 can be increased, so that the effective exhaust area of ​​the exhaust channel 27 is increased, the exhaust resistance is further reduced, the energy lost by exhaust is reduced, and it is also beneficial to reduce the amount of residual exhaust gas in the combustion chamber.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A two-stroke internal combustion engine, comprising a cylinder (1), a piston (2), a connecting rod (3), a crankshaft (4) and a crankcase (5), wherein one end of the cylinder (1) is connected to and communicates with the crankcase (5), the piston (2) is slidably connected in the cylinder (1), one end of the connecting rod (3) is rotatably connected to one end of the piston (2) close to the crankcase (5) through a piston pin (28), and the other end is rotatably connected to the crankshaft (4), and the crankshaft (4) is rotatably connected in the crankcase (5), characterized in that: Also includes: A cylinder head (6), the cylinder head (6) being arranged on the cylinder barrel (1) and having a first through hole, a second through hole, a third through hole and an exhaust passage (27) connected to the cylinder barrel (1); A pure oxygen injector (7), a fuel injector (8) and a spark plug (10) are sealed and installed in the first through hole, the second through hole and the third through hole respectively; An exhaust valve (9), which is mounted on the cylinder head (6) and can close or open the exhaust passage (27).

2. A two-stroke internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a three-way pipe (11), the three-way pipe (11) is installed on the cylinder head (6) and its first port corresponds to the exhaust channel (27), the fuel tank is connected to the second port of the three-way pipe (11) through an oil pipe, and the crankcase (5) is connected to the third end of the three-way pipe (11) through the oil pipe.

3. A two-stroke internal combustion engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a first one-way valve (12) and a second one-way valve (13), wherein the first one-way valve (12) is installed on the oil pipe between the fuel tank and the three-way pipe (11), and the second one-way valve (13) is installed on the oil pipe between the crankcase (5) and the three-way pipe (11).

4. A two-stroke internal combustion engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a first flow sensor (14) and a second flow sensor (15), wherein the first flow sensor (14) is installed on the oil pipe between the fuel tank and the three-way pipe (11); and the second flow sensor (15) is installed on the oil pipe between the crankcase (5) and the three-way pipe (11).

5. A two-stroke internal combustion engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also comprises a first delivery pump (16) and a solenoid valve (17), wherein the first delivery pump (16) and the solenoid valve (17) are both installed on the oil pipe between the fuel tank and the three-way pipe (11).

6. A two-stroke internal combustion engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a ventilation pipe (18), an oil-gas separator (19) and a PCV valve (20), wherein the ventilation pipe (18) is connected to the crankcase (5), and the oil-gas separator (19) and the PCV valve (20) are sequentially installed on the oil pipe between the crankcase (5) and the three-way pipe (11).

7. A two-stroke internal combustion engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes an exhaust pipe (21), an oxygen sensor (22) and a three-way catalytic converter (23); the exhaust pipe (21) is in communication with the exhaust passage (27); and the oxygen sensor (22) and the three-way catalytic converter (23) are both mounted on the exhaust pipe (21).

8. A two-stroke internal combustion engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a second delivery pump (24), which is installed on the oil pipe between the crankcase (5) and the three-way pipe (11).

9. A two-stroke internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle α between the axis of the exhaust valve (9) and the axis of the cylinder barrel is in the range of 0° to 15°.

10. A two-stroke internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of exhaust valves (9), a plurality of exhaust passages (27) are provided on the cylinder head (6), and the plurality of exhaust valves (9) are installed on the cylinder head (6) corresponding to the plurality of exhaust passages (27) and can close or open the exhaust passages (27).

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