Stack-forming device and method for the energy cell manufacturing industry

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) for forming a stack (4) from a plurality of segments (2, 3) which are suitable for forming energy cells, in particular battery cells, comprising: - a stacking table (5) on which the stack (4) is formed, - a first segment supplying device (6) which is designed to supply segments of a first type (2) to the stacking table (5) on a first conveyor path (33), and - a second segment supplying device (7) which is designed to supply segments of a second type (3) to the stacking table (5) on a second conveyor path (34), wherein - the device (1) is designed to deposit, preferably alternatingly, one segment (2) of the first segment supplying device (6) and one segment (3) of the second segment supplying device (7) directly on top of each other on the stacking table (5), thereby forming the stack (4), and - the first and / or the second segment supplying device (6, 7) comprises at least one respective rotational body (9-13, 14-18) which is mounted for rotation about a rotational axis and which is designed to convey segments (2, 3) by means of a rotational movement.

Description

Apparatus and method for the energy cell manufacturing industry for forming a stack The present invention relates to a device and a method for forming a stack of a plurality of segments which are suitable for forming energy cells, in particular battery cells. It is known in principle from the prior art to use energy cells or energy storage devices in motor vehicles, other land vehicles, ships, aircraft, or even in stationary systems in the form of battery cells or fuel cells. Such energy cells or energy storage devices can store large amounts of energy over extended periods of time. For this purpose, such energy cells have a structure consisting of a large number of segments stacked together. State-of-the-art technology includes so-called solid-state batteries, also known as solid-state accumulators or solid-state batteries. Solid-state batteries are characterized by the fact that they do not require a liquid electrolyte. Instead, they use a solid substance through which the ions can diffuse from the anode to the cathode and vice versa. Eliminating a liquid electrolyte prevents leakage. Furthermore, the risk of fire and the weight of the battery can be reduced. Solid-state batteries are also known to be formed from several precursors in the form of segments. It has proven effective to manufacture these segments mirror-symmetrically, for example, with two lanes, then separate them and store them in magazines for subsequent processes, especially for stacking. To protect the segments, they are separated from each other by intermediate layers during transport. Typically, two types of segments are stacked on top of each other: segments of the first type, which are mirror-symmetrical to segments of the second type, and the second type segments. It is also known from the prior art to stack the segments on top of each other to form a stack, which can be done, for example, using the so-called "pick and place" principle. The stack can then form an energy storage device, for example in the form of a solid-state battery. The known "pick and place" processes are limited in terms of their process speed because a gripper must inevitably perform the steps of gripping a pre-product, transporting the pre-product, depositing the pre-product, and then returning the gripper to pick up a new pre-product. The time interval required for such a repetitive movement sequence limits the process speed. It is an object of the present application to provide an improved device and an improved method for stacking segments of the first and second type on top of each other. The object is achieved by the features of the independent claims. Further preferred embodiments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims, the figures, and the associated description. First, some of the terms used in this application are explained here: A body of revolution, as defined in this application, is any body that is mounted so that it can rotate. The geometry of the body is not further defined by the term. A stacking table, as defined in the present application, is a device that has at least one storage surface on which a stack can be formed. The at least one storage surface does not necessarily have to be smooth or continuous; it can, for example, also have recesses such as holes, webs, or gaps. The holes are, for example, through openings that extend from a top side to a bottom side of the at least one storage surface. Alternatively or additionally, the at least one storage surface can also include vacuum holes. When reference is made to an endless web in this application, this obviously does not mean an endless web in the literal sense, but rather a web that can be continuously re-conveyed during production. Re-conveying is interrupted only when a new web is made available. In practice, endless webs are formed, for example, by joining two webs wound on so-called coils, also called bobbins. During the production process, the web is then unwound from the coil. The goal is to join the web of an expiring (old) coil with the web of a new coil, if possible without interrupting the production process. so that the track is in principle endlessly replenished during production. For the purposes of this application, a clocked movement is understood as the succession of clock cycles, each comprising a rest interval and a movement interval. During the rest interval, the movement speed is significantly reduced compared to the movement interval. For the purposes of this application, a significantly reduced speed means that the maximum speed during the rest interval may be a maximum of 0.5 times the maximum speed during the movement interval, preferably a maximum of 0.2 times, and particularly preferably 0.1 times. According to a preferred embodiment of this application, the movement speed of the segments during the rest interval is zero or approximately zero.Of course, those skilled in the art will appreciate that a longer duration of the rest interval and a greater degree of speed reduction, for example, down to zero, in the rest interval must be compensated for by an even higher speed in the movement interval. The movement interval may include a subinterval in which the movement speed remains constant. According to a first aspect of this application, the object is achieved by a device for forming a stack from a plurality of segments which are suitable for forming energy cells, in particular battery cells, comprising: a stacking table on which the stack is formed, a first segment feeding device which is designed to feed segments of the first type to the stacking table on a first conveying path, and a second segment feeding device which is designed to elements of a second type on a second conveyor path to the stacking table, wherein the device is designed to deposit, preferably alternately, a segment of the first and the second segment feeding device directly on top of one another on the stacking table to form the stack, wherein the first and / or the second segment feeding device each comprise at least one rotational body which is mounted rotatably about a rotational axis and is designed to convey segments by a rotational movement. For the purposes of this application, the direct stacking of segments means that no further material layer is arranged between the segments within the stack formed on the stacking table. In particular, the direct stacking of segments precludes the arrangement of a separator web between two adjacent segments within a stack. Thus, no material web, in particular no separator web, is fed to the stacking table of the proposed device that is placed between the segments of the first and second type. In particular, the proposed device is not configured to place further layers and / or material webs between the segments fed to the stacking table by the first and second segment feed devices. Preferably, the stack is formed on the stacking table exclusively using the segments of the first and second type, which are fed to the stacking table by the first and second segment feeding devices. It has been shown that the conveying speed of the segments can be adjusted particularly well by means of one or more rotating bodies. can be adapted to the downstream process steps of stack formation. This adaptability of the segment conveyor speed allows the overall production output of the device to be increased, leading to lower production costs. Furthermore, the conveyor speed can be adapted to the process of placing a segment on the stacking table, thereby increasing the accuracy of the stacking process. Furthermore, by transporting the segments using a rotating body, relative movement between the contact surface of the rotating body and the segment resting on it can be significantly reduced or completely eliminated. The avoided slippage results in less abrasion and contamination, which in turn improves the quality of the finished stack, which is used, for example, to form an energy cell. The scrap rate can thus also be reduced. Furthermore, transporting the segments using a rotating body offers the advantage of high flexibility. This allows additional rotating bodies to be added without major effort to implement additional functions. Furthermore, it creates the possibility of generating new production paths for transporting the segments or combining existing production paths. Furthermore, the use of rotating bodies enables a compact design of the device. The large number of identical or similar components can reduce the costs of such a system. Furthermore, rotating bodies as conveyors offer the advantage that the material feed path can be designed flexibly. For example, the segments can be fed from any spatial direction while still maintaining spatial separation. Preferably, the first and second conveyor paths do not intersect; they are therefore independent of each other. Finally, rotating bodies as conveyors offer the advantage that segments can be easily removed from the rotating bodies. For example, damaged segments or segments that do not meet quality requirements can be easily removed from the production process. This can reduce the number of defective stacks. Of course, within a segment feeder, the transport of segments does not have to take place entirely on rotating bodies. A different conveying means can certainly be provided for specific sections. For example, if it is advantageous for a particular process step, a segment can be placed on a conveyor belt system for processing and later picked up by a rotating body. This allows the optimal conveying concept to be implemented for each process step. By means of the segment feeding devices designed in this way, the segments can be placed on the stacking table in a precise position so that the stack can be formed, preferably completely, on the stacking table. Further preferably, the first and second segment feed devices are arranged symmetrically with respect to the stacking table. net. This means that the first conveying path defined by the first segment feed device runs mirror-symmetrically to the second conveying path defined by the second segment feed device. This creates virtually identical conveying conditions for the transport of the segments to the stacking table in the first segment feed device and the second segment feed device. For example, the conveying distance and the number of times the segment is transferred to adjacent rotating bodies are identical. This configuration of the first and second conveying paths simplifies the control and / or regulation of the device, thus increasing the quality of the segments formed on the stacking table. The proposed device is designed to stack segments of a solid-state battery; the structure of such segments is described below. A segment for a solid-state battery comprises an anode material layer, a cathode material layer, and a solid electrolyte layer arranged therebetween. Furthermore, such a segment comprises an anode-side current collector for the anode material layer and a cathode-side current collector for the cathode material layer. Such a segment therefore typically has the following sequence of layers: cathode-side current collector - cathode material layer - solid electrolyte layer - anode material layer - anode-side current collector. Each current collector comprises a section that protrudes from the stack cross-section of the segment when viewed from above; this section is referred to as a conductor tab.The material of the cathode-side current collector is typically different from that of the anode-side current collector. For example, the cathode-side current collector can be made of aluminum and. The anode-side current collector must be made of copper. Such a segment typically has a thickness between 100 μm and 300 μm. To form a solid-state battery, segments are stacked on top of one another in such a way that the anode-side current collectors of adjacent segments lie on top of one another, and the cathode-side current collectors of adjacent segments lie on top of one another in the same way. Thus, for example, when stacking three segments, the following layer sequence results, with the layer sequence of a single segment indicated by the brackets: (anode-side current collector - anode material layer - solid electrolyte layer - cathode material layer - cathode-side current collector); (cathode-side current collector - cathode material layer - solid electrolyte layer - anode material layer - anode-side current collector); (anode-side current collector - anode material layer - solid electrolyte layer - cathode material layer - cathode-side current collector).The stack can then be continued in the same manner; a finished stack typically comprises 80 to 110 segments. This type of stacking allows, for example, two cathode-side aluminum current collectors and two anode-side copper current collectors to be stacked on top of each other within the stack, preventing corrosion at the contact surfaces of two adjacent segments. In order to connect the conductor tabs of the anode-side current collector with the conductor tabs of the cathode-side current collector, two types of segments are required for stacking, which are stacked alternately on top of each other. Segments of the first type differ from segments of the second type, for example, in the position at which the conductor tabs protrude from the The second type of segment protrudes from the basic cross-section of the segment. The second type of segment is a mirror-symmetrical image of the first type of segment with respect to an axis of symmetry. This ensures that, with the alternating stacking of first and second type segments described above, the conductor tabs of the cathode-side current collector are arranged in alignment one above the other in the finished stack, and accordingly, the conductor tabs of the anode-side current collector are also arranged in alignment one above the other. By alternatingly stacking segments of the first and second type, an energy cell can be formed. In principle, other types of energy cells, where, for example, a liquid electrolyte is used, may also require the stacking of segments of the first and second type, preferably alternating, on top of one another. For example, a segment of the first type may comprise an anode layer and a separator layer, and a segment of the second type may comprise a cathode layer and a separator layer. A battery cell can also be formed by, for example, alternately stacking these segments using the proposed device. The disclosure of this application is also explicitly intended to include a device in which the first segment feed device is equipped with segments of the first type and the second segment feed device is equipped with segments of the second type. The segments can be, for example, the segments described above. If the device is configured to alternately deposit a segment from the first and second segment feed devices onto the stacking table, a stack can be formed in which segments of the first and second types alternate. This corresponds to the typical structure in a battery cell. According to a preferred embodiment, it is proposed that the one rotating body or at least one of the plurality of rotating bodies of the first and / or the second segment feed device conveys or conveys the segments in a clocked movement. The clocked movement also makes it possible to implement a clocked stacking process, which leads to high process reliability. Furthermore, certain processes can be carried out on the clocked-moving segments in the rest interval, for example when stationary, and other functions can be carried out in the movement interval, for example at a constant speed. For example, it can be advantageous to carry out the process of checking a segment in a rest interval and the process of a specific type of processing, for example the process of cleaning a segment, in the movement interval. Finally, the timed movement offers the advantage that one of the segment feeders can pause for a cycle if the other segment feeder is missing a segment, for example, because it has been rejected. This eliminates the need to reject segments that actually meet quality requirements. In principle, the rotating bodies can also transport the segments in a continuous movement. For this purpose, the segments can preferably be connected to a suction device, further preferred eg with a roller vacuum cleaner, individually and then again. Preferably, the device comprises a controller configured to control and / or regulate the timed transport of the segments by means of the first and / or second segment feed device. For this purpose, the drive, which may comprise multiple drive units, of the rotating body or bodies is adjusted by means of a control signal generated by the controller. It is further proposed that the first and / or second segment feed device each comprise a transfer device designed to deposit the segments on the stacking table, in particular by a back-and-forth movement. The depositing movement is thus decoupled from the rotational movement of the rotating bodies. By means of the transfer device, a depositing movement can be carried out in such a way that a precise positioning of the segments on the stacking table is enabled. When reference is made below to segments being deposited on the stacking table, this does not necessarily mean depositing a segment directly on the stacking table, but also depositing it on the top layer of an unfinished stack that is formed on the stacking table.Preferably, the two transfer devices of the first and second segment feed devices comprise openings that can be subjected to negative pressure, so that the segments of the first and second type can be held at the respective transfer device by the effect of the resulting pressure difference. It goes without saying that the application of negative pressure to these openings is controllable, so that, for example, during pickup and conveyance, When the segment is loaded, a negative pressure is applied; however, this negative pressure can be removed again to transfer the respective segment to the stacking table. It is further proposed that a rotary body of the first and / or second segment feed device forms a transfer rotary body, from which the transfer device of the first and / or second segment feed device receives a segment. In this way, it can be ensured that the segment can be transported to just before the stacking table by means of a rotary body, thus achieving the advantages described above. Preferably, apart from a single transfer device of the first and / or second segment feed device, no further transport means are provided between the transfer rotary body and the stacking table. Preferably, the first and / or second segment feed device each comprise a plurality of rotary bodies, of which exactly one forms the transfer rotary body, as well as exactly one transfer device. It is further proposed that the rotary transfer body of the first and / or second segment feed device each have recesses that allow engagement of an outer contour of the associated transfer device, so that the transfer device engages the recesses of the rotary transfer body when receiving a segment. Thus, the segments can be taken over by the rotary transfer body through a combing movement in a product-friendly manner. It is further proposed that a storage surface of the stacking table is movable in the vertical direction in such a way that the refilling of segments takes place at a constant height during stack formation. The stacking table therefore preferably comprises at least one depositing surface; it can therefore also comprise two or more depositing surfaces, for example. The depositing surface of the stacking table therefore moves downwards during stack formation in order to ensure that replenishment occurs at a constant height. Depositing the segments of the first and second type at a constant height has the advantage that the positioning accuracy during depositing the segments can be increased. The mobility of the depositing surface in the vertical direction also enables the finished stack to be deposited, for example, on the floor of a stacking magazine or to be transferred to a downstream gripping device with a transport function. According to a preferred further development, the stacking table comprises a second storage surface. This second storage surface is preferably designed to be moved into a stacking position when a finished stack has been formed on the first storage surface and this needs to be lowered further, for example for transfer to a transport device, for example in the form of a stacking magazine. During this transfer movement of the first storage surface, the second storage surface can already be moved into the stacking position so that a further stack can be formed thereon. Preferably, the first and second stacking surfaces are moved into the stacking position from different directions. The stacking position is the position in which the segments are deposited by the first and second segment feed devices to form the stack. It is further proposed that the first segment feed device is connected to a first supply device with segments of the first type and / or the second segment feed device is supplied with segments of a second type by a second supply device, wherein the first and / or the second supply device are each set up to remove the segments from or from a supply magazine and to feed them individually to the respective segment feed device. The segments provided with the supply magazine can, for example, be removed from the supply magazine as a stack and separated outside the supply magazine. Alternatively, however, it is also possible, for example, to remove the segments individually from the supply magazine. This can ensure that the segments of the first or second type can be provided to the supply device as a stack and the corresponding segment feed device can still be supplied with separated segments. This simplifies the handling of the segments to be provided. It is further proposed that the first and / or second supply device each comprise a segment receiver configured to receive individual segments. The segment receiver is preferably configured to remove the segments from a stack. The stack with the segments is preferably provided with a supply magazine. The segment receivers can, for example, be configured to receive the segments directly from the supply magazine. Alternatively, the stack can also first be completely or partially removed from the supply magazine, so that the uppermost segment of the completely or partially removed stack is then picked up by the segment receiver. It has also proven advantageous to guide the stacked segments from the supply magazine through a guide shaft and to pick up the segments at the end of the guide shaft facing away from the supply magazine by the segment pick-up. The segment picker can, for example, be combined with a hold-down device, which ensures that only the topmost layer from the supply magazine is picked up by the segment picker at any one time; the remaining layers are held and / or blocked by the hold-down device. Such a hold-down device can, for example, comprise one or more hold-down fingers that can be placed over the layers to be blocked. In this way, the supply device can achieve an efficient and product-friendly transfer of the segments from the supply magazine to the first and / or second segment feed device. The segment pick-up preferably comprises a lever that can be pivoted about a rotational axis. The lever can have openings that can be subjected to negative pressure, so that the uppermost segment can be removed from the stack provided by the supply magazine by the effect of the negative pressure. The pivotable lever can, for example, comprise a joint mechanism, preferably a 4- or 5-joint mechanism, as well as an additional drive, so that several degrees of freedom are available for designing its movement curve. Furthermore, the joint mechanism allows a curvature of the lever, which makes it possible to improve the delivery process of the segment to the segment feed device. The segments are fed through the supply magazine, preferably in stack form. provided; they are preferably flat segments. For this reason, it is advantageous if the lever is not curved when picking up a segment, but straight. In this way, as many of the openings that can be subjected to negative pressure as possible can hold the segment on the lever. When the segment is subsequently delivered to the segment feed device, this holding force must be released again. For this reason, it is advantageous if the lever is in a curved position during delivery that is adapted to the curved outer contour of the receiving rotary body. In this way, a surface of the segment facing the receiving rotary body is placed around the receiving rotary body at a small distance.As a result, the holding force acting on the segment to be picked up by the lever by the receiving rotation body can be increased, thus enabling a product-friendly transfer of the segment from the lever to the segment feed device. It is further proposed that the device comprise a plurality of transportable supply magazines, each configured to receive and transport a plurality of segments, preferably in stacked form. A transportable supply magazine is understood to be a supply magazine that can be moved independently, for example, by means of wheels and its own drive. Supply magazines that can be moved by means of a conveyor system, for example, a conveyor belt or other linear conveyor, are also transportable supply magazines within the meaning of this application; these then do not have their own drive. Further preferably, the device also comprises at least one loading device configured to fill the empty supply magazines with segments and intermediate layers, which will be explained in more detail below. Thus, the supply magazines can be moved in a circuit between the supply devices and the at least one loading device. It is further proposed that the first and / or second supply device each define an unloading position for a supply magazine, wherein the first and / or second supply device is each configured to remove segments from a supply magazine when this supply magazine is in the unloading position of the respective supply device. Reaching the unloading position can be detected, for example, by sensors. Furthermore, it is possible for the supply magazine to define the unloading position at least partially by stops against which the supply magazine rests in the unloading position. It is further proposed that the first and / or the second supply device each comprise an adjusting device with an actuator, wherein the adjusting device is designed to position and / or displace the segments provided by means of a supply magazine in such a way that the segments are always taken over by the segment receiver from the same position. The adjusting device comprises, for example, a vertically adjustable conveyor floor on which the segments can rest in stacked form. This ensures that even with progressive removal of the segments provided by the supply magazine, the The topmost layer of the stack is always at the same height for transfer by the supply device. The adjustment device is therefore designed to ensure that the top side of the stack located in the supply magazine or of the stack completely or partially removed from the supply magazine is always adjusted to the same level. In this way, a simple and efficient transfer of the segments from the supply magazine by the segment picker can be achieved. Alternatively or additionally, the adjustment device can be designed to shift and / or rotate the segments in the removal plane; this can be done, for example, by means of one or more additional actuators. Preferably, a guide shaft is provided through which the segments are made available from the supply magazine to the segment pick-up. The guide shaft has an inner contour that defines the actual position for pickup by the segment pick-up. The guide shaft can therefore be used to increase transfer accuracy. Furthermore, the guide shaft acts as a type of buffer, allowing another supply magazine to be positioned for removal while the segments provided by the previous supply magazine are still being removed from the guide shaft. The adjusting device is preferably designed to lift the segments out of the supply magazine, for example by means of the conveyor floor, so that they are guided through the guide shaft. Preferably, the adjusting device comprises two conveyor floors, so that a first conveyor floor can transport the segments from a specific Supply magazine is conveyed through the guide shaft and, meanwhile, a second conveyor floor is already conveying segments from a new supply magazine, which replaces the specific supply magazine in the supply facility that has since been emptied. It is further proposed that in the supply magazines the segments are separated from one another by intermediate layers, wherein the first and / or the second supply device are each configured to transfer the segments from a supply magazine to the respective segment feed device and to separate the intermediate layers from the segments. The intermediate layers ensure that the segments do not touch each other during transport in the supply magazine. This prevents unwanted chemical and / or physical interactions between two adjacent segments in the stack. Accordingly, an intermediate layer within the meaning of this application is understood to be a material layer capable of preventing or at least significantly reducing negative physical and / or chemical interactions between two adjacent segments of the same type. Therefore, an intermediate layer cannot, for example, be formed by a segment of the first or second type. An intermediate layer within the meaning of this application is not suitable for forming an energy cell; the segments of the first and second type, however, are suitable for forming an energy cell. Preferably, the supply magazines are part of the device. The disclosure content of this application is intended to also explicitly include at least one supply magazine, preferably a plurality of supply magazines, in which a stack comprising segments of the first type and intermediate layers is / are stored, wherein the segments of the first type and the intermediate layers alternate. Likewise, the disclosure content of this application is / are also explicitly intended to include at least one supply magazine, preferably a plurality of supply magazines, in which a stack comprising segments of the second type and intermediate layers is / are stored, wherein the segments of the second type and the intermediate layers alternate. By separating the intermediate layers from the segments used for stacking on the stacking table, it can be ensured that only the segments are fed to the stacking table. It has further proven advantageous if the first and / or the second supply device are each configured to feed the intermediate layers to an intermediate layer magazine via a further conveyor path that differs from the first and second conveyor paths of the segment feed devices. Thus, the intermediate layers can be collected in an intermediate layer magazine at a suitable location, in particular without negatively impacting the delivery of the segments to the stacking table on the first and second conveyor paths. The intermediate layers collected in the intermediate layer magazine can be reused by conveying the fully filled intermediate layer magazine to the at least one loading device, and placing the intermediate layers located in the intermediate layer magazine between the segments again when filling a supply magazine. Accordingly, the disclosure content of this application is / are also intended to include a device comprising at least one intermediate layer magazine, preferably comprising several intermediate layer magazines. It is further proposed that the first and / or second supply device are each configured to alternately feed the segments and the intermediate layers from a supply magazine to the respective segment feed device and the respective further conveyor path. Thus, the further conveyor path splits from the first or second conveyor path as soon as they are removed from the supply magazine, which can be accomplished with the aid of the aforementioned guide shaft if necessary. The alternating removal is coordinated with the filling of the supply magazine, so that the segments are fed to the respective segment feed device and the intermediate layers are fed to the further conveyor path. Alternating feeding does not necessarily mean alternating at a constant frequency; this frequency can also change over time. According to an advantageous further development, the first and / or second supply device are configured to convey the intermediate layers along the further conveying path by means of at least one rotating body mounted so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis. The use of the rotating body results in the same advantages as those described above in connection with the rotating bodies in the segment feed devices. The rotating bodies of the first and second supply device Preferably, they have recesses extending circumferentially on their outer surface, into which comb-shaped levers can engage for receiving and dispensing intermediate layers. These levers also preferably have openings that can be subjected to negative pressure. It has also proven advantageous if the first and / or second supply device each comprises an intermediate layer pick-up device configured to pick up intermediate layers provided by a supply magazine and feed them to the further conveyor path. By alternately picking up the intermediate layers by the intermediate layer pick-up device and the segments by the segment pick-up device, removal can occur at a relatively high frequency. This also reduces the stacking time on the stacking table. As an alternative to providing the separated segments in a supply magazine, it is proposed that the first segment feed device be supplied with segments from a first material supply device and / or that the second segment feed device be supplied with segments from a second material supply device, wherein the first and / or the second material supply device are configured to form separated segments from a continuous web and to transfer the separated segments to the segment feed device. In this way, the segments of the first and second types can, for example, each be provided wound up in the form of a reel. The segments can, for example, be arranged separately and spaced apart on an endless carrier film. After the segments have been detached, the carrier film can, for example, They can be rewound and recycled. In this case, the segments are separated by detaching them from the carrier film. However, the material supply device can also be configured, for example, to sever the continuous web in the transverse direction and to transfer individual segments to the respective segment feed device through the severing process. For example, only the aforementioned carrier film can be severed by a severing device, or multiple layers of the continuous web can be severed by the severing device. Furthermore, it is possible for the endless track to be formed by designing a component of a segment in such a way that it extends over multiple segments. If segments are used to form a solid-state battery as described above, then it is possible, for example, for the first or second edge section, i.e. the anode-side or cathode-side current collector, to extend over a plurality of segments. The cutting process severed this edge layer, for example a copper edge layer, and individual segments were formed. However, it is also possible, for example, for the solid electrolyte layer to extend over multiple segments. To ensure that the functioning of the segment is not negatively affected by the cutting process, it may be necessary to provide special cutting sections through which the cut is made.In other words, the segments are connected to each other by a cutting zone through which the separating cut is made. These can be formed, for example, by areas of adhesive. It goes without saying that, in the context of this application, a cut does not necessarily mean a mechanical cut. Thermal cuts, such as those made by lasers, are also possible. According to a second aspect of the present application, a method for forming a stack from a plurality of segments suitable for forming energy cells, in particular battery cells, is proposed to achieve the object. This method is carried out using the device according to the first aspect of this application, optionally taking into account one or more of the previously described further developments. With regard to the technical effects and advantages associated with the proposed method, reference is made to the preceding statements in connection with the device according to the first aspect of this application. The first and second segment feeders allow segments of the first type and segments of the second type to be deposited efficiently, for example, alternately, on the stacking table. The first segment feeder conveys segments of the first type to the stacking table, while the second segment feeder conveys segments of the second type to the stacking table. It is further proposed that the segments each comprise an anode material layer, a cathode material layer, and a solid electrolyte layer, wherein the solid electrolyte layer is arranged between the anode material layer and the cathode material layer. Preferably, said layers are bonded together by means of adhesive. Such segments are Suitable for forming a solid-state battery. Accordingly, an energy cell in the form of a solid-state battery can be formed on the stacking table. For the purposes of this application, an anode material layer is understood to mean a layer of an anode material; for the purposes of this application, a cathode material layer is understood to mean a layer of a cathode material. Preferably, a first outer edge layer of the segments is formed by a current collector made of a first material, for example copper, and a second outer edge layer of the segments is formed by a current collector made of a second material different from the first material, for example aluminum. These edge layers are preferably connected to the remaining layers by means of an adhesive applied to the side edges of the segments. The edge layers form the two outermost large-area sides of the segment, i.e. its top and bottom. Thus, the segments preferably used here for stacking on the stacking table have the following layers, which follow one another directly: first edge layer, anode material layer, solid electrolyte layer, cathode material layer, second edge layer.The adhesive bonding of these layers is achieved in such a way that the adhesive does not penetrate between the layers, or only to a degree that is negligible for functional safety. Alternatively, the segments can each include a bipolar current collector, allowing segments to be connected in series by stacking them on top of each other; the finished stack thus only needs to be contacted on its top and bottom sides. It is further proposed that segments of the first and second type are placed alternately on the stacking table to form a stack The stacked segments are stacked in such a way that the contacting edge layers of two adjacent segments within the stack are made of the same material. This means that either the first outer edge layers of two adjacent segments lie on top of each other, or the second outer edge layers of adjacent segments lie on top of each other. This prevents negative chemical and / or physical interactions. This also simplifies contacting. It is further proposed that the first and second outer edge layers each have a conductor lug, wherein the arrangement of the conductor lugs in the segments of the first type differs from the arrangement of the conductor lugs in the segments of the second type. For example, the two edge layers of a segment protrude at different points from the rectangular basic cross-section of the segments, which results from a plan view, and thus form the conductor lugs. The segment of the second type is preferably a mirror-symmetrical image of the segment of the first type with respect to an axis of symmetry. It is further proposed that segments and intermediate layers follow one another alternately within a supply magazine, with the segments being fed to the first or second segment feed device, and the intermediate layers being fed to a further conveyor path of the first or second supply device. In this way, the intermediate layers not required for the stacking process at the stacking table can be collected, and the segments required for the stacking process at the stacking table can be fed to the stacking table. Preferably, the supply magazines emptied by the first and / or second supply devices are fed to the stacking table. The emptied supply magazines can then be used as a stacking magazine at the stacking table, so that the stacking magazine can be filled with the stack formed at the stacking table. Preferably, the supply magazines emptied by the first and / or the second supply device can also be used as intermediate layer magazines. Furthermore, it has proven advantageous if two or more of the following process steps take place simultaneously in the process: a) At least two supply magazines are fed to the device, wherein at least one of the supply magazines is filled with segments of the first type, preferably exclusively with segments of the first type, and with intermediate layers arranged therebetween, and wherein one of the supply magazines is filled with segments of the second type, preferably exclusively with segments of the second type and intermediate layers arranged therebetween. b) Segments and intermediate layers are conveyed in a rotational manner. c) The intermediate layers and the segments of the first and second type are conveyed on different conveying paths. d) At least two different segment types are stacked in a common stack with pivoting Transfer devices. e) The intermediate layers are deposited using a pivoting lever, preferably in an intermediate layer magazine. The invention is explained below using preferred embodiments with reference to the attached figures. Showing: Fig. 1 shows a segment for forming a solid-state battery; Fig. 2 a segment of the first type and a segment of the second type; Fig. 3 shows a stack of segments of the first and second type; Fig. 4 shows a device for forming a stack of a side view; Fig. 5 shows a device for forming a stack from a perspective view; Fig. 6 is a detailed view of a first supply device; and Fig. 7 a material supply device. Figure 1 shows a sectional view of a segment 2 or 3, which can be a segment of the first type 2 or a segment of the second type 3. The differences between a segment of the first type 2 and a segment of the second type 3 are explained below with reference to Figure 2. The segment 2, 3 shown in Figure 1 has a layered structure, with the following layers directly following one another: a first edge layer 51, an anode material layer 47, a solid electrolyte layer 49, a cathode material layer 48, and a second edge layer 52. In the side regions of the segments 2, 3, these layers can be bonded to one another using an adhesive (not shown). In this exemplary embodiment, the first edge layer 51 is made of copper and the second edge layer 52 is made of aluminum; in principle, however, the edge layers 51 and 52 can also comprise other materials or material compositions. The edge layers 51 and 52 serve as current collectors; accordingly, the first edge layer 51 can also be referred to as the anode-side current collector and the second edge layer 52 as the cathode-side current collector. Such segments 2, 3 can be used to form solid-state batteries; they typically have a thickness of between 100 and 300 pm. Figure 2 shows a schematic top view of a flat (top) side of segments 2, 3, which have the same layer structure as segment 2, 3 shown in Figure 1. The viewing direction in Figure 2 is indicated by arrow 57 in Figure 1. On the left side of Figure 2, a segment of the first type 2 is shown; on the right side, a segment of the second type 3 is shown. The segments of the first and second types 2 and 3 differ in the arrangement of their conductor lugs 53 and 54. In the segment of the first type 2 (shown on the left), the anode-side conductor lug 53, which is a component of the first edge layer 51, protrudes from the basic cross-section of the segment 2 in a left half on a conductor lug side 58; the cathode-side conductor lug 54, which is a component of the second edge layer 52, protrudes from the basic cross-section of the segment 2 in a right half of the conductor lug side 58. In the second-type segment 3 (shown on the right), the anode-side collector tab 53, which is a component of the first edge layer 51, protrudes from the base cross-section in a right half of its collector tab side 58; the cathode-side collector tab 54, which is a component of the second edge layer 52, protrudes from the base cross-section in a left half of the collector tab side 58. Thus, the first and second-type segments 2 and 3 differ in the arrangement of the collector tabs 53 and 54. With respect to an axis of symmetry 59 drawn between the first and second-type segments 2 and 3, the first and second-type segments 2 and 3 are mirror-symmetrical to one another. The axial symmetry is therefore given when the segments of the first and second type 2 and 3 with the same edge layer 51 or 52 lie next to each other on a flat surface and the conductor flag sides 58 of the two segments 2 and 3 point in the same direction. Figure 3 shows a stack 4 in which the segments of the first and second type 3 and 4 lie alternately on top of each other. The segments of the first and second type 2 and 3 are placed on top of each other in such a way that the first or second edge layers 51, 52 of two adjacent segments 2, 3 lie directly on top of each other. By alternately stacking the first and second type segments 2 and 3, the anode-side conductor tabs 53 and the cathode-side conductor tabs 54 are aligned one above the other at separate locations on the conductor tab side 58. Thus, the anode-side conductor tabs 53 can be connected to one another in a later process step to form a pole of the solid-state battery; the same applies to the cathode-side conductor tabs 54. Figure 4 shows a device 1 with which the segments of the first and second type 2 and 3 can be removed from supply magazines 26 and placed alternately on top of one another on a stacking table 5, so that a stack 4 can be formed as shown in Figure 3. The device 1 is designed to form a stack 4 comprising a total of, for example, between 80 and 110 segments 2 and 3. In principle, other segments of the first and second type 2 and 3 can also be stacked on top of each other using the device 1. An axial symmetry as shown in Figure 2 is required and / or the layered structure shown in Figure 1 is not mandatory. Furthermore, the device 1 can also be used to stack segments 2 without arrester lugs 53 and 54. This is the case, for example, with segments not shown here that include a bipolar current arrester and can thus be connected in series. The following is a description of the structure and the The operation of the device 1 is explained. Figures 4 and 5 show One and the same device 1 from different perspectives. In Figure 5, the segments of the first type 2 are provided with a bevel for better identification; however, the segments of the first and second types 2 and 3 actually have the same or essentially the same basic geometry. The device 1 comprises a first segment feed device 6, which is configured to feed segments of the first type 2 to a stacking table 5 on a first conveyor path 33. Furthermore, the device 1 comprises a second segment feed device 7, which is configured to feed segments of the second type 3 to the stacking table 5 on a second conveyor path 34. The first segment feed device 6 is supplied with the segments of the first type 2 by a first supply device 24. The second segment feed device 7 is assigned a second supply device 25, via which it is supplied with segments of the second type 3. Both the first and the second supply devices 24 and 25 each have a segment receiver 27 with a pivotable lever 28, with which the segments 2, 3 can be transferred to the respective segment feed device 6, 7. In this embodiment, the first and second segment feed devices 6 and 7 each comprise the rotational bodies 9-13 and 14-18. In principle, more or fewer than five rotational bodies 9-13 and 14-18 can be provided per segment feed device 6, 7. Basic information on the design of the rotating bodies 9 -13 and 14-18 as drums and on the process of transferring adjacent rotational bodies 9-13 and 14-18 is explained below. The following explanations also apply correspondingly to the rotational bodies 37-39 and 40-42 shown in Figures 4 and 5, with which intermediate layers 29 are transported. For the sake of simplicity, the structure and operation are explained below using the rotational bodies 9-13 and 14-18 of the first and second segment feed devices 6 and 7. Basically, the rotating bodies 9-13 and 14-18 of the segment feed devices 6, 7, which transport the segments 2, 3, each have several transport sections in or on which the segments 2, 3 are held and can thus also be transported by a rotational movement of the rotating bodies 9-13 and 14-18. The transport sections are sections of the lateral surface of the respective rotating body 9-13 and 14-18. In the embodiment proposed here, the segments 3 are held on or in the respective transport section by means of negative pressure. This means that openings are provided in a surface of the respective transport section, which can be subjected to negative pressure, so that the resulting pressure difference holds the segments 2, 3 in or on the transport section in a product-friendly manner. Alternatively, the use of mechanical holding devices (not shown) is also conceivable. In Figures 4 and 5 it can be seen that the first and second segment feed devices 6 and 7 each comprise a plurality of rotation bodies 9-13 and 14-18 to convey the segments 2 and 3 to the stacking table 5. To make this possible, two adjacent rotation bodies 9-13, 14-18 must be inserted. be directed to transfer segments 2, 3 to one another. The segment 2, 3 to be transferred is transferred by a transferring rotational body 9-12, 14-17 and picked up by a receiving rotational body 10-13, 15-18. This is achieved in that at a transfer point the holding force on the segment 2, 3 to be transferred by the receiving rotational body 10-13, 15-18 is greater than the holding force of the transferring rotational body 9-12, 14-17. The receiving rotational body 10-12, 15-17 can simultaneously be a transferring rotational body 10-12, 15-17 and transfer the segment 2, 3 to a subsequent rotational body 11-13, 16-18 at a further transfer point. The segments of the first and second type 2, 3 are transported on the rotating bodies 9-13, 14-18 in a clocked movement. The clocked movement is characterized by the fact that several cycles are arranged one after the other, each comprising a rest interval and a movement interval. For example, a cycle can comprise two or more rest intervals. In the rest interval, the movement speed of the material is zero, while in the movement interval the movement speed of the material is not equal to zero. In principle, however, embodiments are also possible in which a movement takes place in the rest interval at a considerably reduced speed compared to the movement interval. In this embodiment, the speed is preferably constant or approximately constant in a sub-interval of the movement interval. In principle, an embodiment is also possible in which the segments of the first and second type 2, 3 are transported on the rotation bodies 9-13, 14-18 with a swelling or continuous movement. In this embodiment, the transfer of a segment 2, 3 from a transferring rotational body 9-12, 14-17 to a receiving rotational body 10-13, 15-18 takes place within the movement interval. The rotational bodies 9-13, 14-18 roll against one another without any significant slippage occurring between the segment 2, 3 to be transferred and the lateral surfaces of the rotational bodies 9-13, 14-18 involved in the transfer. The speeds of the rotational bodies 9-13, 14-18 involved in the transfer do not have to be constant; to ensure slip-free operation, the speeds simply need to be synchronized such that the circumferential speeds of the two rotational bodies involved are identical at the transfer point. Alternatively, not shown tappets and / or slides may be provided inside one or more of the rotating bodies 9-13, 14-18, which are designed to move the transport sections individually radially outwards in order to transfer a segment 2, 3 to an adjacent drum. Furthermore, the position of segments 2, 3 on the rotational body 9-13, 14-18 can be corrected in the circumferential direction by deliberately changing the motion profiles of one or more rotational bodies 9-13, 14-18 using a controller that can perform control and / or regulation functions. This is achieved by minimally changing the detent position, i.e., the position in which segment 2, 3 is located during the detent interval, i.e., by less than one millimeter. This deliberately creates a minimal, predefined slip between one or both of the transferring rotational bodies 9-13, 14-18. which causes a position correction of segment 2, 3 on the receiving rotating body 10-13, 15-18. For this purpose, significantly large gaps in the millimeter range are provided between segments 2, 3 on the drum. By exploiting these gaps, segment 2, 3 can be brought into the correct position by stopping and / or decelerating the corresponding rotating body 9-13, 14-18. The correction can also be made during the rest interval, for example, if two material gaps are opposite each other in the transfer. A drum can then be temporarily repositioned during the rest interval, preventing slippage. Furthermore, position errors of the segments 2, 3 in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the rotational bodies 9-13, 14-18 can also be corrected by displacing a rotational body assembly comprising at least one rotational body 9-13, 14-18, preferably also in the direction of the rotational axis of the rotational bodies 9-13 and 14-18. In this embodiment, the correction is performed by means of the rotational body 11 in the first segment feed device 6 and by means of the rotational body 16 in the second segment feed device 7. Finally, the alignment of a segment 2, 3 can also be corrected, i.e., if it is rotated relative to the actual alignment. Such a correction of the alignment of a segment 2, 3 can be achieved by rotating a rotational body assembly comprising at least one rotational body 9-13, 14-18. In the process, the rotation axis is also adjusted with a rotational movement component. This can be done, for example, by means of a turntable. An actuator is provided for the adjustment, which by means of a control signal generated by the controller 73. This correction is also carried out in this embodiment by means of the rotating bodies 11 and 16; this is advantageous because the rotating bodies 11 and 16 are arranged along the conveying paths 33 and 34 in the conveying direction after the rotating bodies 10 and 15, on which an optical inspection is carried out by means of a camera 61 each. The actual position and / or the actual orientation of a segment of the first type 2 can be determined, for example, by the aforementioned camera 61. The actual position and / or the actual orientation is then transmitted as an input variable to the controller 73, so that the need for and degree of an alignment and / or position correction can be determined. The corresponding correction can then be carried out using one or more of the measures described above. Furthermore, individual or all of the rotating bodies 9-13, 14-18 of the segment feed devices 6 and / or 7 can also be designed as a pitch change drum, which is not shown here for the sake of clarity. This means that the distance between the segments 3 in the circumferential direction and / or in the radial direction on the rotating body 9-13, 14-18 can be increased. This allows certain process steps that are carried out on the segments 2, 3 on the rotating body 9-13, 14-18 to be carried out more efficiently. Regarding the design of the pitch change drum, reference is made to DE 10 2021 207 349 A1. There, in Figure 2 and in paragraphs

[0035] until

[0037] A pitch change drum is described in which the transport segments are displaceable in the radial direction. Furthermore, Figure 4 and paragraphs

[0039] until

[0041] a pitch change drum in which the transport segments can be moved in the circumferential direction. The first segment type 2 is taken over from the first supply device 24 by the first segment feed device 6 by means of the rotating body 9. The rotating body 9 is designed to interact with the pivotable lever 28 of the segment receiver 27. The segment receiver 27 is a component of the respective supply device 24, 25. For this purpose, the rotating body 9 has recesses 63 running circumferentially around it, into which the webs of the comb-like lever 28 can engage. As the webs engage, the corresponding first segment 2 is transferred to the rotating body 9; however, in this position, the segment 2 transferred to the rotating body 9 would prevent the lever 28 from pivoting out of the recesses 63. For this reason, the rotating body 9 receives the first segment 2 while stationary, i.e., during a rest interval.Subsequently, the rotating body 9 continues to rotate with the just picked-up segment of the first type 2, so that the recesses 63 are released again and the lever 28 can be moved back. Due to the effect of negative pressure, the segment of the first type 2 is held on the outer surface of the rotating body 9. During the transport of the segments of the first type 2 on the rotating body 10, an optical inspection is carried out by means of the camera 61. Furthermore, an illumination device 62 is provided to create suitable lighting conditions for an optical inspection. Using the camera 61, one of the two surfaces of the segment of the first type 2 as well as its edges can be inspected. Using the camera 61, the alignment and position of the Segment of the first type 2 can be determined. On the following rotational body 11, that surface of the segment of the first type 2 is exposed which was still covered by the outer surface of the rotational body 10 during transport. Therefore, it is advisable to assign a further camera (not shown) and a corresponding lighting device (not shown) to the rotational body 11. It goes without saying that the first segment feed device 6 can alternatively or additionally comprise further testing devices or processing devices, for example a cleaning device. The rotating body 12 is further assigned a discharge device 64. The discharge device 64 comprises a discharge rotating body 65, which is configured to receive segments of the first type 2 from the rotating body 12. Furthermore, an discharge lever 66 is provided, with which the segments of the first type 2 can be received from the discharge rotating body 65 and guided to a guide shaft 67. A vertically adjustable conveyor floor (not shown) is provided in the guide shaft 67, which is moved downward step by step whenever a new segment of the first type 2 has been added to the guide shaft 67. After a predefined number of segments of the second type 2 have been discharged, the conveyor floor lowers further in order to deposit the stack of discharged segments of the first type 2 into a transportable discharge magazine 68.For this purpose, the conveyor floor can be moved through a floor of a discharge magazine 68, which is achieved by the floor of the discharge magazine 68 essentially corresponding to a negative form of the conveyor floor 60. In addition to the guide shaft 67, a conveyor floor 60 is shown, which is positioned in the guide shaft 67 as soon as the not shown. The conveyor floor is loaded with a correspondingly large stack of discharged segments of the first type 2. The loaded conveyor floor can then be lowered into the discharge magazine 68. Thus, even during the lowering process, further segments of the first type 2 can be discharged and stacked on the conveyor floor 60 newly arranged in the guide shaft 67; this can then be moved during the stacking process in the same way as the conveyor floor (not shown). The segments of the first type 2 that have not been discharged are transferred from the rotary body 12 to the rotary body 13, which is designed as a transfer rotary body 19. The transfer rotary body 19 has recesses 23 into which an outer contour of a transfer device 21 of the first segment feed device 6 can engage. The transfer device 21 has a similar structure to the segment receiver 27. Accordingly, the transfer device 21 comprises a pivotable lever 69, which also comprises webs extending comb-like from a base part. These webs can engage the recesses 23 of the transfer rotary body 19, so that the segments of the first type 2 can be combed out of the transfer rotary body 19.Furthermore, the transfer device 21 can have openings that can be subjected to negative pressure, so that the segments of the first type 2 are additionally picked up by the transfer rotary body 19 through the effect of negative pressure and guided to the stacking table 5; by deactivating the negative pressure, the segment of the first type 2 can then be delivered to the stacking table 5. To support this delivery process, the stacking table 5 can have additional, not shown, aids, for example a stripping comb or a hold-down device, preferably comprising a plurality of hold-down fingers. These statements also apply correspondingly to the design and functioning of the second segment feed device 7 and the second supply device 25. Therefore, only the differences will be discussed below. Rotating bodies 14-18 are provided in a corresponding manner, via which the segments of the second type 3 are transported along a second conveyor path 34 to the stacking table 5. By means of a segment pick-up 27, the segments of the second type 3 are picked up by the second supply device 25 and transferred to the rotating body 14. The optical inspection by means of the camera 61 takes place on the rotating body 15. The rotating body 18 simultaneously forms a transfer rotating body 20, from which the segments of the second type 3 can be deposited on the stacking table 5 by means of a transfer device 22 comprising a lever 85. The second segment feed device 7 also comprises an ejection device 74 comprising an ejection rotary body 75 and an ejection lever 76. The mode of operation is the same as that of the ejection device 64 of the first segment feed device 6. The difference, however, is that the ejected segments of the second type 3 are fed to a reject reservoir 77 and are not deposited in an orderly and product-friendly manner via a guide shaft 67 in an ejection magazine 68 as in the ejection device 64. In principle, the reject reservoir 77 for segments 2, 3 can be used if it is clear that the waste is not recycled into the production process. Orderly storage in the discharge magazine 68 can be used, for example, for segments 2, 3 that may be returned to the production process. For example, segments 2, 3 that were randomly removed from the production process can be deposited in the discharge magazine 68. The removed segments 2, 3 can then be checked in a test station (not shown), which can be part of the device 1. Segments 2, 3 for which the test has shown that they meet the quality requirements can subsequently be returned to the production process, for example, by being brought to the loading device and placed therein into a supply magazine 26.The assignment of the discharge device 64, which enables orderly storage, to the first segment feed device 6 and the discharge device 74, which enables disorderly storage, to the second segment feed device 7 is therefore to be understood only as an example. Of course, the first and / or second segment feed devices 6, 7 can each comprise a discharge device 64 and / or a discharge device 74. In this embodiment, the stacking table 5 comprises two vertically adjustable storage surfaces 70, of which only one is visible. The second, invisible storage surface is arranged within a guide shaft 71 and is moved downwards in cycles after each addition of a segment of the first or second type 2 or 3, so that the segments 2, 3 can always be deposited at the same height by the transfer devices 21 and 22 of the first and second segment feed devices 6 and 7. This enables the segments 2 and 3 to be deposited on the stacking table 5 in a way that is gentle on the product and precisely positioned. To deposit the segments 2, 3, the openings of the respective transfer device 21, 22 is deactivated. The guide shaft 71 has an inner contour which enables precise alignment of the segments 2 and 3 within the stack 4 to be formed (see Figure 3). When the stack 4 is completed, i.e. when a predefined number of segments of the first and second type 2 and 3 have been stacked alternately on top of one another, the storage surface 70 on which the stack 4 was formed is lowered into a stacking magazine 72 arranged below the guide shaft 71. The bottom of the stacking magazine 72 has recesses which are not visible in the illustrations in Figures 4 and 5, so that the storage surface hidden in Figures 4 and 5 can be lowered through the bottom and thus the finished stack 4 can be deposited on the bottom of the stacking magazine 72. If a stack 4 (cf.Figure 3) has been fully formed by having reached the predefined number of segments of the first and second type 2, 3, the depositing surface of the stacking table 5, not visible in Figures 4 and 5, on which the finished stack 4 is stored, is lowered within one cycle to deposit the stack 4 on the floor of the stacking magazine 72. So that the stacking process on the stacking table 5 can be continued during this transfer process to the stacking magazine 72, the further depositing surface 70, shown schematically next to the guide shaft 71, is brought into a position in which the transfer devices 21 and 22 can again deposit segments of the first and second type 2 and 3 to form a stack 4. In this way, stacks can be formed on the stacking table 5 without interruption or almost without interruption. As soon as the stacking magazine 72 positioned under the guide shaft 71 is filled with a finished stack 4, the stacking magazine 72 can be transported to a subsequent processing station (not shown). There, further processing steps can be te can be performed on the finished stack 4. For example, the individual segments 2 and 3 of a stack can be connected to each other with a tape. The second, waiting stack magazine 72, shown in Figure 4, can then be positioned under the guide shaft 71 and is ready to be filled with another, finished stack 4 (see Figure 3). The device 1 further comprises the controller 73, which is configured to control and / or regulate the device 1. In particular, the transport movement of the segments of the first and second type 2, 3 is controlled and / or regulated thereby. For this purpose, the controller 73 is in signal communication with several actuators (not shown), which drive, for example, the rotating bodies 9-18, 37-39, and 40-41. Furthermore, the transfer devices 21 and 22 are also controlled and / or regulated by the controller 73. The type of control and / or regulation of the transport of the segments of the first type 2 by the first segment feed device 6 and of the segments of the second type 3 by means of the second segment feed device 7 will be discussed in detail below. The transport of the segments of the first and second type 2 and 3 by the first and second segment feed devices 6 and 7 is carried out in a timed manner. The timed movement of the first segment feed device 6 is synchronized with the timed movement of the second segment feed device 7 such that segments of the first and second type 2 and 3 are alternately deposited on the stacking table 5. Furthermore, it is also possible for the first and / or the second segment feed device 6, 7 to pause for one or more cycles. This can be advantageous, for example, if a segment 2 or 3 is ejected. In this case, a segment 2 or 3 would be missing from stacking table 5. This can be compensated for by pausing the other segment feed device 6 or 7, ensuring that first and second segments 2 and 3 are always alternately stacked on top of each other on stacking table 5. This reduces the proportion of stack 4 that cannot be used due to errors. Furthermore, the timing can also be used to create an alternative storage sequence to the alternating storage of segments of the first and second types 2 and 3. The following storage sequence is given as an example only: segment of the first type 2, segment of the first type 2, segment of the second type 3, segment of the first type 2, segment of the first type 2 followed by segment of the second type 3. Furthermore, Figures 4 and 5 show that intermediate layers 29, which are arranged in the supply magazine 26 between the segments of the first and second type 2 and 3, are fed to an intermediate layer magazine 36 via a further conveyor path 35. The intermediate layers 29 are picked up by an intermediate layer pick-up device 43 and transferred to a rotating body 37. Via the further rotating bodies 38 and 39, the intermediate layers 29 are then fed to a deposit lever 80, which is configured to remove the intermediate layers 29 from the rotating body 39 and transfer them to a guide shaft 81. For this purpose, the deposit lever 80 can also have openings that can be subjected to negative pressure. With regard to the functioning and design of the rotating body 39, the deposit lever 80 and the guide shaft 81, reference is made to the preceding explanations regarding the depositing process on the stacking table 5 by means of the transfer rotating bodies 19 and 20 as well as the transfer devices 21 and 22.The intermediate. The position sensor 43 can be designed analogously to the segment sensor 27, i.e. it can comprise a pivotable lever which has openings which can be subjected to negative pressure. The deposition of the intermediate layers 29 on the side of the second segment feed device 7 by means of the second supply device 25 is carried out analogously to the deposition of the intermediate layers 29 on the side of the first segment feed device 6. Accordingly, the second supply device 25 comprises the rotating bodies 40-42 in order to transport the intermediate layers 29 by means of the second supply device 25 via its further conveying path 35 into the intermediate layer magazine 36. The rotating bodies 37-39 and 40-42 are designed analogously to the rotating bodies 9-18. They are therefore configured to hold and transport individual intermediate layers 29. Consequently, they are designed as drums, the outer surfaces of which each have several transport sections on which the intermediate layers 29 can be transported. In principle, it is also possible to replace the three rotating bodies 37-39 of the first supply device 24 and / or the three rotating bodies 40-42 of the second supply device with a single rotating body (not shown). With regard to the storage of the intermediate layers 29 in the intermediate layer magazines 36 via the guide shaft 81, reference is hereby made to the preceding explanations regarding the storage at the discharge device 64. Accordingly, the storage there also takes place on a vertically adjustable conveyor floor, which is not visible in the first supply device 24. However, the corresponding conveyor floor 82 of the second supply device is shown in Figures 4 and 5. For example, the supply magazines 26 emptied by the supply devices 24 and 25 can be transported to the stacking table 5 and used there as a stacking magazine 72. The stacking magazines 72 and the supply magazines 26 can have the same structure. The intermediate layer magazines 36 can also have the same structure as the stacking magazines 72 and the supply magazines 26. Figure 5 shows the geometry of the conveyor floors 80, 79, 60 and the storage surface 70 of the stacking table 5. Their geometry is identical in this embodiment and is characterized by webs extending orthogonally to a central strut on both sides; one can therefore speak of a comb-like geometry. Figure 6 shows a detailed view of the first supply device 24. The second supply device 25 is constructed analogously, which is why a further detailed view of the second supply device 25 is omitted. In Figure 6, it can be seen that the first supply device 24 is equipped with one of the supply magazines 26. The supply magazine 26 is already partially emptied in this illustration, which is achieved by displacing a conveyor floor 79 vertically upwards. The conveyor floor 79 is part of an adjustment device 31, which further comprises an actuator 32 with which the conveyor floor 79 is adjustable. The adjustment device 31, in turn, is part of the first supply device. device 24. The first supply device 24 further comprises positioning elements 83, each of which has a stop for the supply magazine 26. The positioning elements 83 define an unloading position 30 for the supply magazine 26; preferably, one or more of the positioning elements 83 form a stop for the supply magazine 26. In this unloading position 30, the conveyor floor 79 can be moved through recesses 84 in a floor 8 of the supply magazine 26. Furthermore, the supply magazine 26 is aligned in the unloading position 30 in alignment with a guide shaft 78. In the supply magazine 26, segments of the first type 2 and intermediate layers 29 alternate within a stack. In the situation shown here, the stack has already been almost completely removed from the supply magazine 62 by the vertical movement of the conveyor floor 79 and fed to the guide shaft 78.In addition to precise alignment for receiving the segments of the first type 2 and the intermediate layers 29, the guide shaft 78 also allows for uninterrupted replacement of the supply magazine 26 because the layers arranged in the guide shaft 78 create a type of storage. Thus, while the segments of the first type 2 and intermediate layers 29 located in the guide shaft 78 are being dispensed, the emptied supply magazine 26 can already be replaced in the unloading position 30 with a new, filled supply magazine 26. By means of a second conveyor floor 79 (not shown), further segments of the first type 2 and intermediate layers 29 can then be provided uninterruptedly or almost uninterruptedly when the segments of the first type 2 and intermediate layers 29 removed from the previous supply magazine 26 have been used up.This is done by transporting the new stack from the subsequent supply magazine through the second conveyor floor (not shown) to the lower edge of the guide. the remaining stack located in the conveying chute 78. When the previous stack on the upper conveyor floor 79 has been used up, it is removed from the stack by a sideways movement so that the layers located on the subsequent conveyor floor 78 can be picked up by the segment pick-up 27 and the intermediate layer pick-up 43. The vertically displaceable conveyor floor 79 can also ensure that the first layer of the stack can always be picked up in the same position by the lever 28 of the segment pick-up 27 or by the intermediate layer pick-up 43. Figure 6 shows the lever 28 picking up a segment of the first type 2 from the stack in the guide shaft 78; the intermediate layer pick-up device 43 is in a state immediately after the delivery of an intermediate layer 29 to the rotating body 37. The lever 28 is subjected to a negative pressure, so that the uppermost segment of the first type 2 is picked up by the lever 28 and, by pivoting the lever 28, is fed to the rotating body 9 of the first segment feed device 6. The transfer of the segment of the first type 2 to the rotating body 9 occurs through the previously described engagement of the comb-shaped lever 28 in the rotating body 9 and by switching off the negative pressure. Furthermore, the transport section of the rotating body 9, which receives the segment of the first type 2, is also subjected to a negative pressure, so that the segment of the first type 2 can be reliably picked up and held on the outer surface of the rotating body 9.In this way, the segments of the first type 2 are fed to the first conveyor path 33. After the uppermost segment of the first type 2 has been picked up by the lever 28, the conveyor floor 79 is moved by the actuator 32 moved upwards by the height of the segment of the first type 2, so that the intermediate layer 29 can be picked up by the intermediate layer pick-up 43 at the same height as the segment of the first type 2. The picking up of the intermediate layer 29 and its delivery to the rotating body 37 takes place analogously to the transfer of the segment of the first type 2 from the lever 29 to the rotating body 9. However, the device 1 can also be set up, for example, so that the intermediate layer pick-up 43 is always picked up one level lower than the segments of the first type 2 by the lever 28; in this way, an intermediate lift of the conveyor floor 79 can be omitted. The alternating picking up of segments of the first type 2 by the lever 28 and of the intermediate layers 29 by the segment pick-up 29 can then be repeated as often as desired.The alternating picking up of segments of the first type 2 and the intermediate layers 29 is thus carried out by a clocked movement of the segment pick-up device 27, the intermediate layer pick-up device 43 and the conveyor floor 79. In this way, the intermediate layers 29 can be separated from the segments of the first type 2 and transported away on the further conveyor path 35. To simplify the picking up and dispensing of the segments 2 and / or the intermediate layers 29 by the lever 28 and / or the intermediate layer pick-up 43, these can be curved, for example by means of several joints (not shown). For picking up, the lever 28 and / or the intermediate layer pick-up 43 can have a flat receiving surface as shown, while this is curved during dispensing, so that the entire surface of a segment or an intermediate layer 29 is covered by the each receiving drum can be optimally sucked in and fixed without slipping. In a corresponding manner, the distribution of the segments of the second type to the second conveying path 34 and the intermediate layers 29 to the further conveying path 35 takes place by means of the second supply device 25. Basically, the first and second type segments 2, 3, the intermediate layers 29, and the stack 4 formed on the stacking table 5 are moved in a timed manner by the device 1. The transport of the supply magazines 26, the intermediate layer magazines 36, the discharge magazines 68, and the stacking magazines 72 also takes place with a timed movement. Figure 7 shows an alternative embodiment of the device 1, in which the segments of the first and second type 2 and 3 are fed by means of an endless web 45 provided as a reel 55. In the exemplary embodiment shown only schematically here, a material supply device 44 is provided which comprises a holder for a reel 55 and which is designed to unwind the endless web 45 from the reel 55. The endless web 45 comprises a layered structure with a first edge layer 51 made of copper, followed by an anode material layer 47, a solid electrolyte layer 49, a cathode material layer 48 and a second edge layer 52 made of aluminum.The solid electrolyte layer 49 is continuous in the longitudinal direction of the continuous web 45 and is connected to the remaining layers 47, 48, 51, and 52, which are present only in sections in the longitudinal direction of the continuous web 45, by means of a connecting agent (not shown), for example, an adhesive or sealant. Thus, the sections are The existing layers 47, 48, 51, and 52 on the solid electrolyte layer 49 are held longitudinally spaced from one another by the connecting means (not shown). Furthermore, the material supply device 44 comprises a separating device 46 configured to completely sever the endless web 45 in the region of the connecting means, so that individual segments of the first type 2 or of the second type 3 can be provided. The material supply device 44 further comprises a sensor system (not shown) for detecting the regions to be severed. A correspondingly modified device comprises, instead of the first and second supply devices 24 and 25, a material supply device 44 each: a first material supply device 44 for providing segments of the first type 2 and a second material supply device 44 for providing segments of the second type 3.Accordingly, the first material supply device 44 is supplied with reels 55 from which segments of the first type 2 can be formed, and the second material supply device 44 is supplied with reels 55 from which segments of the second type 3 can be formed. The separated segments of the first or second type 2, 3 are then transferred to the first or second segment feed device 6 or 7 by means of a segment transfer device 56, which is also a component of the material supply device 44. From there, the alternative device no longer differs from the device 1 according to Figures 4 and 5. The provided reel 55 comprises a continuous intermediate web (not shown), which, in the wound state, separates two adjacent layers of continuous web 45 from one another. The continuous intermediate web can be wound up as a reel (not shown) during the unwinding of the continuous web 45 and thus reused. List of reference symbols: 1 device 2 Segment of the first kind 3 Segment of the second type 4 stacks 5 stacking table 6 first segment feed device 7 second segment feed device 8 Floor (of the supply magazine) 9 rotation bodies 10 rotation bodies 11 rotation bodies 12 rotation bodies 13 rotation bodies 14 rotation bodies 15 rotation bodies 16 rotation bodies 17 rotation bodies 18 rotation bodies 19 Transfer rotation bodies 20 transfer rotation bodies 21 Transfer facility 22 Transfer device 23 Recess 24 first care facility 25 second care facility 26 Supply Magazine 27 segment sensors 28 Lever (of the segment pickup) 29 Intermediate layer 30 unloading position 31 Adjustment device 32 Actuator 33 first funding path 34 second funding path 35 further funding paths 36 Interlayer magazine 37 rotation bodies 38 rotation bodies 39 rotation bodies 40 rotation bodies 41 rotation bodies 42 rotation bodies 43 Intermediate layer sensors 44 Material supply facility 45 endless track 46 Separator 47 Anode material layer 48 Cathode material layer 49 Solid electrolyte layer 51 first boundary layer 52 second boundary layer 53 anode-side arrester flag 54 cathode-side arrester flag 55 reels 56 segment transferors 57 Viewing direction 58 arrester flag side 59 axis of symmetry 60 conveyor floor 61 Camera 62 Lighting equipment 63 recess 64 Discharge device 65 discharge rotary bodies 66 Ejection lever 67 Guide shaft 68 Discharge magazine 69 Lever (of the transfer device) 70 storage area (of the stacking table) 71 Guide shaft 72 stacking magazine 73 Control 74 Discharge device 75 discharge rotary bodies 76 Guide shaft 77 Waste reservoir 78 Guide shaft 79 Conveyor floor 80 storage lever 81 Guide shaft 82 conveyor floor 83 position elements 84 recess 85 Lever (of the transfer device)

Claims

Claims:

1. Device (1) for forming a stack (4) from a plurality of segments (2, 3) suitable for forming energy cells, in particular battery cells, comprising: - a stacking table (5) on which the stack (4) is formed, - a first segment feeding device (6) which is designed to feed segments of the first type (2) to the stacking table (5) on a first conveying path (33), and - a second segment feeding device (7) which is designed to feed segments of the second type (3) to the stacking table (5) on a second conveying path (34), wherein - the device (1) is designed to place, preferably alternately, a segment (2, 3) of the first and the second segment feed device (6, 7) directly on top of each other on the stacking table (5) to form the stack (4), wherein - the first and / or the second segment feed device (6, 7) each comprise at least one rotation body (9-13, 14-18) which is mounted rotatably about a rotation axis and is designed to convey segments (2, 3) by a rotational movement.

2. Device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that - the one rotating body (9-13, 14-18) or at least one of the plurality of rotating bodies (9-13, 14-18) of the first and / or the second segment feed device (6, 7) conveys or conveys the segments (2, 3) in a clocked movement.

3. Device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that - the first and / or the second segment feed device (6, 7) each comprise a transfer device (21, 22) which is designed to deposit the segments (2, 3) on the stacking table (5), in particular by a back and forth movement.

4. Device (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that - a respective rotational body (9-13, 14-18) of the first and / or the second segment feed device (6, 7) forms a transfer rotational body (19, 20) from which the transfer device (21, 22) of the first and / or the second segment feed device (6, 7) takes over a segment (2, 3).

5. Device (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that - each of the transfer rotary bodies (19, 20) of the first and / or the second segment feed device (6, 7) has recesses (23) which enable engagement of an outer contour of the associated transfer device (21, 22), so that the transfer device (21, 22) engages in the recesses (23) of the transfer rotary body (19, 20) when receiving a segment (2, 3).

6. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - a storage surface (70) of the stacking table (5) is movable in the vertical direction such that the re-insertion of segments (2, 3) takes place at a constant height during stack formation.

7. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the first segment feed device (6) is supplied with segments of the first type (2) by a first supply device (24) and / or - the second segment feed device (7) is supplied with segments of the second type (3) by a second supply device (25), wherein - the first and / or the second supply device (24, 25) are each designed to remove the segments (2, 3) from or out of a supply magazine (26) and to feed them individually to the respective segment feed device (6, 7).

8. Device (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that - the first and / or the second supply device (24, 25) each comprise a segment receiver (27) which is designed to receive individual segments (2, 3).

9. Device (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that - the segment receiver (27) comprises a lever (28) pivotable about a rotation axis.

10. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the device (1) comprises a plurality of transportable supply magazines (26), each of which is designed to receive and transport a plurality of segments (2, 3), preferably in stack form.

11. Device (1) according to claim 10 with reference to claim 7, characterized in that - the first and / or the second supply device (24, 25) each define an unloading position (30) for a supply magazine (26), wherein - the first and / or the second supply device (24, 25) are each designed to remove segments (2, 3) from a supply magazine (26) when this supply magazine (26) is in the unloading position (30) of the respective supply device (24).

12. Device (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that - the first and / or the second supply device (24, 25) each comprise an adjusting device (31) with an actuator (32), wherein - the adjusting device (31) is designed to position and / or displace the segments (2, 3) provided by means of a supply magazine (26) in such a way that the segments (2, 3) are always taken over by the segment receiver (27) from the same position.

13. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims with reference to claim 7, characterized in that - in the supply magazines (26) the segments are separated from each other by intermediate layers (29), whereby - the first and / or the second supply device (24, 25) are each designed to transfer the segments (2, 3) from a supply magazine (26) to the respective segment feed device (6, 7), and the intermediate layers (29) of to separate the segments (2, 3).

14. Device (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that - the first and / or the second supply device (24, 25) are each designed to feed the intermediate layers (29) to an intermediate layer magazine (36) via a further conveying path (35) which differs from the first and second conveying paths (33, 34) of the segment feeding devices (6, 7).

15. Device (1) according to claim 14, characterized in that - the first and / or the second supply device (24, 25) are each designed to feed the segments (2, 3) and the intermediate layers (29) from a supply magazine (26) alternately to the respective segment feed device (6, 7) and the respective further conveying path (35).

16. Device (1) according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that - the first and / or the second supply device (24, 25) are designed to carry out the conveyance of the intermediate layers (29) along the further conveying path (35) by means of at least one rotary body (37-39, 40-42) mounted so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis.

17. Device (1) according to one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that - the first and / or the second supply device (24, 25) each comprise an intermediate layer receiver (43) which is arranged to receive intermediate layers (29) provided by a supply magazine (26) and to feed them to the further conveying path (35).

18. Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that - the first segment feed device (6) is supplied with segments (2) by a first material supply device (44) and / or - the second segment feed device (7) is supplied with segments (3) by a second material supply device (44), wherein - the first and / or the second material supply device (44) are designed to form isolated segments (2, 3) from an endless web (45) and to transfer the isolated segments to the segment feed device (6, 7).

19. A method for forming a stack of a plurality of segments (2, 3) suitable for forming energy cells, in particular battery cells, wherein - the method is carried out using the device (1) according to one or more of claims 1 to 18.

20. Method according to claim 19, characterized in that - the segments (2, 3) each comprise an anode material layer (47), a cathode material layer (48) and a solid electrolyte layer (49), wherein - the solid electrolyte layer (49) is arranged between the anode material layer (47) and the cathode material layer (48) net is.

21. Method according to claim 20, characterized in that - a first outer edge layer (51) of the segments is formed by a current collector made of a first material, for example copper, and - a second outer edge layer (52) of the segments (2, 3) is formed by a current collector made of a second material different from the first material, for example aluminum.

22. Method according to claim 21, characterized in that - Segments of the first and second type (2, 3) are placed alternately on the stacking table (5) to form a stack (4) in such a way that the edge layers (51, 52) of two adjacent segments (2, 3) within the stack (5) which are in contact with one another are made of the same material.

23. Method according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that - the first and the second outer edge layer (51, 52) each have a conductor lug (53, 54), wherein - the arrangement of the arrester lugs (53, 54) in the segments of the first type (2) differs from the arrangement of the arrester lugs (53, 54) in the segments of the second type (3).

24. Method according to one of claims 19 to 23, characterized in that - within a supply magazine (26) segments (2, 3) and intermediate layers (29) follow one another alternately, whereby - the segments (2, 3) are fed to the first or second segment feed device (6, 7), and - the intermediate layers (29) are fed to a further conveying path (35) of the first or second supply device (24, 25).

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