Module frame and photovoltaic module

Abstract

Provided in the present application are a module frame and a photovoltaic module. The module frame is used for being connected to a laminate member, and comprises: a top plate and a bottom plate which are oppositely arranged in a first direction; a plurality of first tooth structures, which are sequentially arranged in a second direction on the top surface of the top plate; and a plurality of second tooth structures, which are sequentially arranged in the second direction on the bottom surface of the bottom plate, projections of at least some second tooth structures in the first direction overlapping with the plurality of first tooth structures. The module frame of the present application can improve the efficiency of stacking photovoltaic modules, and also achieves a relatively high error tolerance rate; in addition, the first tooth structure can be adapted to pressing blocks of different specifications, achieving the effect of improving installation reliability.

Description

Module frames and photovoltaic modules Technical Field

[0001] The present application mainly relates to the photovoltaic field, and specifically to a component frame and a photovoltaic component. Background Art

[0002] The main components of a photovoltaic module include a laminate and a module frame, which is connected to the edge of the laminate. After the photovoltaic module is produced, multiple modules are stacked together and then transported to the installation site. During transportation, adjacent photovoltaic modules may move relative to each other. To prevent this, corner protectors are installed at the corners of the photovoltaic modules. Although corner protectors can reduce the relative movement of photovoltaic modules, they can increase transportation costs. In addition, as the size of photovoltaic modules increases, the use of clamps to fix the module frame becomes difficult to effectively and reliably fix the module frame. In severe cases, the photovoltaic modules may slip.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a component frame and a photovoltaic component, which can improve the efficiency of stacked photovoltaic components and ensure the installation reliability of the photovoltaic components.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in the present application to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is a component frame for connecting to a laminate, comprising: a top plate; a bottom plate, arranged opposite to the top plate in a first direction; a plurality of first tooth-shaped structures, arranged in sequence on the top surface of the top plate along a second direction; and a plurality of second tooth-shaped structures, arranged in sequence on the bottom surface of the bottom plate along the second direction, wherein at least part of the projection of the second tooth-shaped structure along the first direction overlaps with the plurality of first tooth-shaped structures.

[0006] In one embodiment of the present application, the height of a portion of the plurality of first tooth-shaped structures is greater than the height of the remaining portion of the plurality of first tooth-shaped structures.

[0007] In an embodiment of the present application, the portion of the first tooth-shaped structure is closer to the side plate than the remaining portion of the first tooth-shaped structure in the second direction.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present application, top ends of the plurality of first tooth-shaped structures are flush.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present application, the top ends of some of the remaining plurality of first tooth-shaped structures are plane surfaces or arc surfaces.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present application, the top ends of all the remaining first tooth-shaped structures are plane surfaces or arc surfaces.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present application, top ends of some of the plurality of first tooth-shaped structures are plane surfaces or arc surfaces.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present application, the top ends of all the first tooth-shaped structures are plane surfaces or arc surfaces.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present application, the number of the second tooth-shaped structures is greater than the number of the first tooth-shaped structures.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present application, projections of the plurality of second tooth-shaped structures along the first direction cover the plurality of first tooth-shaped structures.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present application, the size of the groove between each two adjacent second tooth-shaped structures is larger than the size of each first tooth-shaped structure.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present application, each of the first tooth-shaped structures includes a first tooth surface and a second tooth surface, wherein the first tooth surface is closer to the side plate than the second tooth surface in the second direction, wherein the second tooth surface contacts the first tooth surface of the adjacent first tooth-shaped structure.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present application, the included angle between the second tooth surface and the first tooth surface in contact with the second tooth surface is 100° to 140°.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present application, the second tooth surface includes an upper tooth surface and a lower tooth surface, one end of the upper tooth surface contacts the first tooth surface, and the other end contacts one end of the lower tooth surface, and the other end of the lower tooth surface contacts the first tooth surface of the adjacent first tooth-shaped structure.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present application, an angle between the upper tooth surface and the first direction is smaller than an angle between the lower tooth surface and the first direction.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present application, adjacent first tooth-shaped structures are spaced apart by a preset distance in the second direction, wherein the preset distance is equal to or greater than 1 mm.

[0021] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present application also proposes a photovoltaic module, comprising: a laminate; a first component frame, a second component frame, a third component frame and a fourth component frame, which are connected end to end in sequence and are all connected to the laminate, wherein the first component frame and the third component frame, or the second component frame and the fourth component frame are the component frames described in any of the above items.

[0022] The component frame and photovoltaic component of the present application can improve the efficiency of stacked photovoltaic components and at the same time have a higher fault tolerance rate; the component frame is compatible with blocks of different specifications and at the same time has the effect of improving installation reliability.

[0023] Summary of the Figures

[0024] The features and properties of the present invention are further described by the following examples and accompanying drawings.

[0025] FIG1 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a component frame according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] FIG2 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the rectangular frame I in FIG1;

[0027] FIG3 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a first tooth-shaped structure according to another embodiment;

[0028] FIG4 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of a first tooth structure in a ratio;

[0029] FIG5 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of a first tooth-shaped structure in one embodiment;

[0030] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the angle between the upper tooth surface and the first direction and the angle between the lower tooth surface and the first direction in one embodiment;

[0031] FIG7 is a force analysis diagram of the upper and lower tooth surfaces in one embodiment;

[0032] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of adjacent component frames stacked in one embodiment;

[0033] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of adjacent component frames stacked in another embodiment;

[0034] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of adjacent photovoltaic modules stacked in the prior art;

[0035] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of adjacent photovoltaic modules stacked in another embodiment;

[0036] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of using a pressing block to fix a photovoltaic module in one embodiment;

[0037] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of using a pressing block to fix a photovoltaic module in another embodiment;

[0038] FIG14 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a schematic diagram of using a pressing block to fix a photovoltaic module in one embodiment;

[0039] FIG15 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a schematic diagram of using a pressing block to fix a photovoltaic module in another embodiment;

[0040] In the figure: laminate 10, upper photovoltaic component 20a, lower photovoltaic component 20b, corner guard 30, pressing block 40, pressing plate 41, third tooth-shaped structure 42, 42a, 42b, notch 110, top plate 120, bottom plate 130, first bottom plate 131, second bottom plate 132, side plate 140, first tooth surface 151, second tooth surface 152, plane 153, upper tooth surface 152a, lower tooth surface 152b, first tooth-shaped structure 150, 190, second tooth-shaped structure 160, cavity 170, support plate 180, grooves 210, 220.

[0041] Preferred embodiments of the present invention

[0042] In order to make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0044] As used in this application and the claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the words "a," "an," "an," and / or "the" are not intended to refer to the singular but may include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "comprises" and "include" only indicate the inclusion of the steps and elements specifically identified, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. A method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements.

[0045] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is solely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, these terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. Furthermore, while the terms used in this application are selected from commonly known and commonly used terms, some terms mentioned in this specification may have been selected by the applicant at his or her discretion, and their detailed meanings are explained in the relevant sections of this description. Furthermore, this application should be understood not only by the actual terms used, but also by the meaning implied by each term.

[0046] Next, the component frame and photovoltaic component of the present application are described through specific embodiments.

[0047] FIG1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an assembly frame according to an embodiment, and FIG2 is a partially enlarged schematic view of the rectangular frame I in FIG1 . FIG2 omits the laminate 10 in FIG1 . Referring to FIG1 and FIG2 , the assembly frame 100 has a notch 110 for connecting to the laminate 10. The edge portion of the laminate 10 is inserted into the notch 110, and the laminate 10 and the assembly frame 100 can be connected by applying an adhesive in the notch 110. It should be understood that the assembly frame of the present application does not include the laminate 10 in FIG1 .

[0048] As shown in Figure 1, the component frame 100 includes a top plate 120 and a bottom plate 130. The top plate 120 and the bottom plate 130 are arranged opposite each other in a first direction D1. The end of the top plate 120 away from the laminate 10 in a second direction D2 and the end of the bottom plate 130 away from the laminate 10 in the second direction D2 are respectively connected to the two ends of the side plate 140. The end of the top plate 120 close to the laminate 10 in the second direction D2 and the end of the bottom plate 130 close to the laminate 10 in the second direction D2 extend toward the laminate 10.

[0049] 1 and 2 , five first tooth-shaped structures 150 are sequentially arranged along the second direction D2 on the top surface of the top plate 120, and seven second tooth-shaped structures 160 are sequentially arranged along the second direction D2 on the bottom surface of the bottom plate 130. The projections of at least some of the second tooth-shaped structures 160 in the first direction D1 overlap with the five first tooth-shaped structures 150. It should be understood that the number of first tooth-shaped structures 150 is not limited to five as in the above embodiment, and the number of second tooth-shaped structures 160 is not limited to seven as in the above embodiment; specific numbers of both can be provided as needed.

[0050] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of adjacent component frames after stacking in one embodiment. Referring to Figure 8, for the convenience of description, the component frame located on the upper layer and the component frame located on the lower layer are marked as upper component frame 100a and lower component frame 100b respectively. The side panels 140 in the upper component frame 100a are aligned with the side panels 140 in the lower component frame 100b. In conjunction with Figure 1, the projection of at least part of the second tooth-shaped structure 160 in the first direction D1 overlaps with at least part of the first tooth-shaped structure 150. In this way, when the upper component frame 100a and the lower component frame 100b are stacked, at least part of the multiple second tooth-shaped structures in the upper component frame 100a can engage with at least part of the first tooth-shaped structure in the lower component frame 100b.

[0051] In the embodiment of FIG. 1 , the number of second tooth structures 160 is greater than the number of first tooth structures 150, and the projections of the second tooth structures 160 in the second direction D2 can cover all of the first tooth structures 150. In other words, in FIG. 1 , the leftmost second tooth structure 160 is aligned with the leftmost first tooth structure 150 in the first direction D1, or the former is located to the left of the latter in the first direction D1, and the rightmost second tooth structure 160 is aligned with the rightmost first tooth structure 150 in the first direction D1, or the former is located to the right of the latter in the first direction D1. In this way, the projections of the second tooth structures 160 in the second direction D2 can cover all of the first tooth structures 150. It should be understood that in some embodiments, the number of second tooth structures is equal to or less than the number of first tooth structures, but the size of the second tooth structures in the second direction D2 is equal to or greater than the size of the first tooth structures in the second direction D2, thereby compensating for the reduced number of second tooth structures by increasing the size of the second tooth structures.

[0052] Furthermore, in conjunction with Figures 1 and 8, thanks to the projection of the second tooth-shaped structure 160 covering all of the first tooth-shaped structures 150, all of the first tooth-shaped structures in the lower component frame 100b engage with the second tooth-shaped structures in the upper component frame 100a. This helps to increase the friction between the upper component frame 100a and the lower component frame 100b, reducing the risk of photovoltaic modules falling when construction workers disassemble stacked photovoltaic modules. In addition, the second tooth-shaped structure 160 can increase the friction between the component frame and the bracket (or purlin), which helps to improve the installation stability of the photovoltaic module.

[0053] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of adjacent component frames after stacking in another embodiment. One difference between Figure 9 and Figure 8 is that: in Figure 9, the side panel 140 in the upper component frame 100a is not aligned with the side panel 140 in the lower component frame 100b, the side panel 140 in the upper component frame 100a is located to the left of the side panel 140 in the lower component frame 100b in the second direction D2, and part of the second tooth-shaped structure in the lower component frame 100b is located to the left of the side panel 140 in the lower component frame 100b (as shown in the rectangular frame II in Figure 9). The reasons for the above differences include that the workers (or robots) did not strictly align the adjacent photovoltaic components when stacking the photovoltaic components, and external forces caused the photovoltaic components to shift. Another difference is that the number of second tooth-shaped structures of the component frame in Figure 9 is more than the second tooth-shaped structures of the component frame in Figure 8. In Figure 2, thanks to the fact that the number of second tooth-shaped structures in the module frame is greater than the number of first tooth-shaped structures, even if adjacent photovoltaic modules are misaligned, the first tooth-shaped structures can still engage with the second tooth-shaped structures to ensure that the friction between adjacent photovoltaic modules meets the requirements. In addition, there is another benefit to having more second tooth-shaped structures in the module frame than first tooth-shaped structures: workers or robots do not need to spend a long time ensuring strict alignment between adjacent photovoltaic modules when stacking them, which increases the fault tolerance when stacking photovoltaic modules, which helps improve the efficiency of stacking photovoltaic modules.

[0054] Referring to FIG1 , adjacent second tooth-shaped structures 160 are provided with grooves. As shown in FIG8 , when the first and second tooth-shaped structures 160 engage, each first tooth-shaped structure fits within the corresponding groove. In some embodiments, the groove between each two adjacent second tooth-shaped structures 160 is larger than the size of each first tooth-shaped structure. This allows each first tooth-shaped structure to fit within the corresponding groove, thereby improving the stability of the engagement between the first and second tooth-shaped structures.

[0055] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of adjacent photovoltaic modules stacked in the prior art. For ease of description, the upper photoresist module and the lower photovoltaic module are labeled upper photovoltaic module 20a and lower photovoltaic module 20b, respectively. To prevent relative movement between adjacent photovoltaic modules, the prior art incorporates corner protectors 30 at the corners of one of every two photovoltaic modules.

[0056] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of adjacent photovoltaic modules after stacking in one embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG11 , the light-blocking module located on the upper layer and the photovoltaic module located on the lower layer are marked as upper photovoltaic module 200a and lower photovoltaic module 200b, respectively. The second tooth-shaped structure in the upper photovoltaic module 200a engages with the first tooth-shaped structure in the lower photovoltaic module 200b. Therefore, there is sufficient friction between the upper photovoltaic module 200a and the lower photovoltaic module 200b to prevent relative movement between the photovoltaic modules, which saves corner guards. In addition, because the present application saves corner guards, the same number of photovoltaic modules stacked together occupy less space compared to the photovoltaic modules in FIG10 , which improves the utilization rate of the transportation space.

[0057] In order to more clearly understand the above technical effects, the above technical effects will be described below through examples and comparative examples. Referring to Figures 10 and 11, multiple photovoltaic modules are stacked together, and these stacked photovoltaic modules are called a tray. Referring to Table 1, the number of photovoltaic modules per tray is 36 in both the embodiment and the comparative example. Combined with Table 1 and Figure 10, the height h3 of each photovoltaic module in the comparative example is 30 mm, 36 photovoltaic modules require 19 corner guards 30, and the total thickness of the 19 corner guards 30 is 12.16 mm. Therefore, the total height of a tray of photovoltaic modules in the comparative example is 1092.16 mm (36×30 mm+12.16 mm). As shown in Table 1 and Figure 11, the height h4 of each photovoltaic module in the embodiment is 30.3mm. The reason why the height h4 is greater than the height h3 is that a first tooth-shaped structure is provided on the top plate of each photovoltaic module in the embodiment, and the corner guard 30 is not required in the embodiment. The cumulative height of the 36 photovoltaic modules is 1090.8mm (36×30.3mm). After the 36 photovoltaic modules are stacked in sequence, the second tooth-shaped structure in the upper photovoltaic module is engaged with the first tooth-shaped structure in the lower photovoltaic module. The height of the overlapping part after engagement is 0.3mm. There are 35 engagement points between the 36 photovoltaic modules. Therefore, the total height of a photovoltaic module in a tray in the embodiment is 1080.3mm (1090.8mm-35×0.3mm). It can be seen from the above calculation process that compared with the comparative example, when the number of photovoltaic modules per tray is the same, the space occupied by each photovoltaic module in the embodiment of the present application is smaller.

[0058] Table 1 Calculation table of total height of photovoltaic modules per tray in the embodiment and comparative example

[0059] Referring to Figure 1, in one embodiment, the base plate 130 includes a first base plate 131 and a second base plate 132. In the second direction D2, the first base plate 131 is located on the left side of the second base plate 132 and is connected to the second base plate 132 at one end. The first base plate 131, the second base plate 132 and the support plate 180 intersect at the same point. In the first direction D1, the first base plate 131 corresponds to the cavity 170. After the component frame 100 is connected to the bracket, bolts can be used to pass through the second base plate 132 to connect the component frame 100 to the bracket. During the service life of the component frame 100, the second base plate 132 will be subjected to the shear force applied by the bolts. Providing a second toothed structure 160 on the bottom surface of the second base plate 132 helps to increase the friction between the component frame 100 and the bracket, but the second toothed structure at the second base plate 132 will weaken the shear resistance of the second base plate 132. Compared to the second bottom plate 132, the first bottom plate 132 is not subject to the shear force exerted by the bolts. The primary external force it bears is pressure parallel to the first direction D1. Therefore, the second toothed structure 160 located on the first bottom plate 132 does not weaken the first bottom plate 132's ability to resist pressure. Based on the above analysis, the second toothed structure 160 of the present application is only provided on the bottom surface of the first bottom plate 131. This ensures that adjacent first and second toothed structures can mesh accurately while also avoiding weakening the second bottom plate 132's shear resistance.

[0060] Next, the first tooth-shaped structure and the second tooth-shaped structure of the present application are further described.

[0061] As shown in Figure 2 , the tops of all first tooth-shaped structures 150 are aligned with a first reference line, which is parallel to the second direction D2. The tops and bottoms of the three first tooth-shaped structures 150 on the left have a height h1, while the tops and bottoms of the two first tooth-shaped structures 150 on the right have a height h2. Height h1 is greater than height h2. Because the tops of all first tooth-shaped structures 150 are aligned with the first reference line, both heights h1 and h2 are measured relative to the first reference line. In some embodiments, h1 is 0.4 mm and h2 is 0.3 mm.

[0062] Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of a first tooth-shaped structure 150 in another embodiment. Similarities between Figures 2 and 3 include: the tops of all first tooth-shaped structures 150 in Figure 3 are also flush with the first reference line; the three first tooth-shaped structures 150 on the left have a height h1, while the two first tooth-shaped structures 150 on the right have a height h2. Differences between Figures 2 and 3 include: in Figure 2, the second tooth surface 152 of the first tooth-shaped structure 150 is a folded surface consisting of an upper tooth surface 152a and a lower tooth surface 152b; in Figure 3, the first tooth-shaped structure 150 is a straight surface. This will be discussed in detail later and will not be elaborated on here.

[0063] Figure 4 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of a first tooth-shaped structure in a comparative comparison. Comparing Figures 3 and 4, similar to Figure 4, the height of the three first tooth-shaped structures 190 on the left side of Figure 3 is greater than the height of the two first tooth-shaped structures 190 on the right side. The main difference between Figure 3 and Figure 2 is that the bottom ends of all first tooth-shaped structures 190 in Figure 3 are flush with the second reference line (parallel to the second direction D2), and the top ends of the first tooth-shaped structures 190 are located at different heights in the first direction D1. Specifically, the top ends of the three first tooth-shaped structures 190 on the left side are located above the top ends of the two first tooth-shaped structures 190 on the right side in the first direction D1.

[0064] Compared with FIG4 , the first tooth-shaped structure 150 in FIG3 has the advantages of slow wear of the top end and consistent adaptability with each third tooth-shaped structure in the pressing block.

[0065] First, referring to Figures 3 and 11 , because the tops of all first tooth structures 150 in Figure 3 are aligned with the first reference line, the tops of the first tooth structures 150 in the lower photovoltaic assembly 200b all contact the second tooth structures in the upper photovoltaic assembly 200a. In contrast, in Figure 4 , the tops of the first tooth structures 190 are located at different heights. This results in the tops of the higher-height first tooth structures 190 contacting the second tooth structures in the adjacent photovoltaic assembly, while the tops of the lower-height first tooth structures 190 do not. During transportation of photovoltaic assemblies, adjacent photovoltaic assemblies may move relative to each other, causing wear on the tops of the first tooth structures. Increasing the number of tops in contact with the second tooth structures helps slow the rate of wear on the tops of the first tooth structures. Therefore, compared to the first tooth structures 190 in Figure 4 , the tops of the first tooth structures 150 in Figure 3 wear more slowly.

[0066] Next, refer to FIG12 , a schematic diagram of an embodiment of using a pressing block to secure a photovoltaic module. A plurality of third tooth-shaped structures 42 are provided on the side of the pressing plate 41 in the pressing block 40 that faces the laminate 10. The pressing plate 41 is disposed above the top plate 120 in the module frame 100 along the first direction D1. Pressure is applied to the module frame 100 via the pressing block 40 to secure the photovoltaic module. In FIG12 , the third tooth-shaped structures 42 engage with the first tooth-shaped structures on the top surface of the top plate 120, which helps increase the friction between the pressing block 40 and the module frame 100 and prevent the photovoltaic module from slipping.

[0067] As shown in FIG3 and FIG12 , the top ends of the first tooth-shaped structure 150 are flush, and when the first tooth-shaped structure 150 is engaged with the third tooth-shaped structure in the pressing block 40, the positional relationship between the first tooth-shaped structure 150 and each of the third tooth-shaped structures is the same (or substantially the same), which helps to improve the consistency of the adaptation between the first tooth-shaped structure 150 and each of the third tooth-shaped structures, thereby ensuring that the force between each of the first tooth-shaped structures 150 is uniform, and avoiding damage to the first tooth-shaped structure 150 due to uneven force. In contrast, in FIG4 , due to the different heights of the top ends of the first tooth-shaped structure 190, the positional relationship between the first tooth-shaped structure 190 and each of the third tooth-shaped structures is quite different, resulting in poor adaptability between the first tooth-shaped structure 190 and each of the third tooth-shaped structures, which in turn leads to uneven force between the first tooth-shaped structures 190.

[0068] As shown in conjunction with reference to Figures 2 and 12, the first tooth-shaped structure 150 having a height of h2 is closer to the laminate 10 in the second direction D2 than the first tooth-shaped structure 150 having a height of h1. In other words, the first tooth-shaped structure 150 having a height of h1 is closer to the side panel 140 in the second direction D2 than the first tooth-shaped structure 150 having a height of h2. In some cases, for example, when a photovoltaic module is subjected to a brief and large external force, the module frame 100 may move to the right along the second direction D2. The differentiated design of the first tooth-shaped structure height in Figure 2 can prevent the module frame 100 from slipping in such situations. This is further explained with reference to Figure 13.

[0069] In Figure 13, the component frame 100 moves a certain distance to the right along the second direction D2 due to a large external force. In combination with Figure 2, because the component frame 100 moves a certain distance to the right, the first tooth-shaped structure 150 with a height of h2 is no longer engaged with the third tooth-shaped structure 42, and the first tooth-shaped structure 150 with a height of h1 is still engaged with the third tooth-shaped structure 42. Due to the fact that the height h1 is greater than the height h2 and the first tooth-shaped structure with a height h1 is away from the laminate 10, when the component frame 100 intends to move further away from the pressing block due to external force, the first tooth-shaped structure 150 with a height h1 can prevent the component frame 100 from moving further, thereby preventing the photovoltaic component from slipping. In some other embodiments, the first tooth-shaped structure with a height h1 can also be located to the right of the first tooth-shaped structure with a height h2.

[0070] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 1 and 2 , adjacent first tooth-shaped structures 150 with a height of h1 have grooves 210 between them, and adjacent first tooth-shaped structures 150 with a height of h2 have grooves 220 between them. Grooves 210 are deeper than grooves 220. Compared to grooves 220, grooves 210 significantly weaken the strength of the top plate 120. Therefore, if the thickness of the top plate 120 remains the same, reducing the number of grooves 210 can help reduce the degree of weakening of the top plate 120. While setting all first tooth-shaped structures 150 to a height of h1 would help prevent the photovoltaic modules from slipping, it would result in the top plate 120 not meeting the required strength. Therefore, the present application designs some first tooth-shaped structures 150 to a height of h1. This avoids excessive weakening of the top plate 120's strength, thereby simultaneously addressing the two requirements of preventing the photovoltaic modules from slipping and ensuring that the top plate 120 meets the target strength.

[0071] FIG5 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a first tooth-shaped structure 150 with a height of h2 in one embodiment. Referring to FIG2 and FIG5 , in this embodiment, the top of the first tooth-shaped structure 150 with a height of h2 is a plane 153. In conjunction with FIG13 , when the first tooth-shaped structure 150 with a height of h2 is not engaged with the third tooth-shaped structure, the plane 153 can increase the friction between the first tooth-shaped structure 150 and the pressure plate 41, thereby helping to prevent the photovoltaic module from slipping. In other embodiments, the top of the first tooth-shaped structure 150 with a height of h2 can also be an arc surface, which can also increase the friction between the first tooth-shaped structure 150 and the pressure plate 41. In addition, the top of the first tooth-shaped structure with a height of h2 can be a plane or an arc surface for the entire height; or the top of a portion of the first tooth-shaped structure with a height of h2 can be a plane or an arc surface. In some other embodiments, the tops of all first tooth-shaped structures are planes or arc surfaces, or the tops of some first tooth-shaped structures are planes or arc surfaces. The planes and arc surfaces can increase the friction between the first tooth-shaped structures and the pressing blocks, helping to prevent the photovoltaic components from slipping.

[0072] FIG3 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a component frame according to another embodiment. Referring to FIG3 , each first tooth-shaped structure 150 includes a first tooth surface 151 and a second tooth surface 152. The first tooth surface 151 is located to the left of the second tooth surface 152 in the second direction D2; in other words, in conjunction with FIG1 , the first tooth surface 151 is closer to the side plate 140 in the second direction D2 than the second tooth surface 152. The second tooth surface 152 contacts (i.e., intersects) the first tooth surface 151 of the adjacent first tooth-shaped structure 150 located to the right thereof.

[0073] Referring to FIG3 , in one embodiment, the angle θ between the second tooth surface 152 and the first tooth surface 151 in contact therewith is 100° to 140°; the angle θ can be 100°, 110°, 120°, 130°, or 140°. The specifications of the compacts in the photovoltaic field vary greatly, and there are large differences between the geometric parameters of the third tooth structures in different compacts. The above-mentioned angle range helps the first tooth structure 150 to be compatible with third tooth structures with different geometric parameters. This will be further explained with reference to FIG14 and FIG15 .

[0074] In Figure 14 , two third tooth structures 42a are meshed between adjacent first tooth structures 150. In Figure 15 , the size of the third tooth structure 42b is larger than that of the third tooth structure 42a in Figure 14 . Thanks to the above-mentioned design of the size of the included angle θ, even when the size of the third tooth structure 42b is larger, one third tooth structure 42b can still be meshed between adjacent first tooth structures 150. Therefore, even if different specifications of pressing blocks are used to fix the photovoltaic modules, the module frame of the present application can still match them. In other words, the first tooth structure of the present application is compatible with third tooth structures with different geometric parameters.

[0075] In some embodiments, adjacent first tooth-shaped structures are spaced apart by a predetermined distance in the second direction D2. The predetermined distance is equal to or greater than 1 mm, such as 1 mm, 2 mm, or 3 mm. Arranging the first tooth-shaped structures by the predetermined distance also facilitates compatibility with a third tooth-shaped structure having different geometric parameters.

[0076] 2 , the first toothed structure 150 has a pitch d1, which is the maximum dimension of the first toothed structure 150 in the second direction D2. The pitches of the first toothed structure 150 in FIG2 can be the same, which helps the first toothed structure 150 and the third toothed structure in the compact to adapt.

[0077] Referring to Figures 2 and 6 , the second tooth surface 152 includes an upper tooth surface 152a and a lower tooth surface 152b. One end of the upper tooth surface 152a contacts one end of the first tooth surface 151, and the other end contacts one end of the lower tooth surface 152b. The other end of the lower tooth surface 152b contacts the first tooth surface of the adjacent first tooth-shaped structure 150 located to the right. In some embodiments, the angle between the upper tooth surface 152a and the first direction D1 is smaller than the angle between the lower tooth surface 152b and the first direction D1. Specifically, as shown in Figure 6 , the angle between the upper tooth surface 152a and the first direction D1 is α, and the angle between the lower tooth surface 152b and the first direction D1 is β, with the angle α being smaller than the angle β. The angle α can be 25°, 30°, 37°, or 40°, and the angle β can be 55°, 60°, 72°, or 75°. Angle α being larger than angle β helps improve the installation reliability of the photovoltaic module and prevent it from slipping. This will be further explained below.

[0078] Referring to the force analysis diagram of upper tooth surface 152a and lower tooth surface 152b shown in Figure 7, the external force F1 exerted by the pressure block on upper tooth surface 152a can be decomposed into two components: a force component F1-x parallel to the second direction D2, and a force component F1-y parallel to the first direction D1. The external force F2 exerted by the pressure block on lower tooth surface 152b can be decomposed into two components: a force component F2-x parallel to the second direction D2, and a force component F2-y parallel to the first direction D1. When external force F1 and external force F2 are equal (or approximately equal), force component F1-x is greater than force component F2-x. In other words, compared to lower tooth surface 152b, upper tooth surface 152a distributes more external force in the second direction D2, thereby better preventing horizontal slippage of the photovoltaic module (i.e., in the second direction D2).

[0079] As shown in FIG6 , the angle σ between the lower tooth surface 152b and the first tooth surface 151 of the adjacent first tooth structure is 100° to 140°, for example, 100°, 110°, 120°, 130°, or 140°. The angle σ helps the first tooth structure 150 be compatible with a third tooth structure having different geometric parameters.

[0080] Furthermore, referring to Figure 3 , the second tooth surface 152 in Figure 3 is a straight surface, not including an upper tooth surface and a lower tooth surface. Compared to the second tooth surface 152 in Figure 3 , the second tooth surface 152 in Figure 2 is divided into an upper tooth surface 152a and a lower tooth surface 152b , with the included angle α being greater than the included angle β. This achieves both the technical benefits of "the upper tooth surface 152a can distribute external force more in the second direction D2" and "the included angle between the lower tooth surface 152b and the adjacent first tooth surface is compatible with third tooth profiles with different geometric parameters."

[0081] On the other hand, the present application also proposes a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module includes: a laminate, a first component frame, a second component frame, a third component frame and a fourth component frame. The first component frame, the second component frame, the third component frame and the fourth component frame are connected end to end in sequence and are all connected to the laminate. Wherein, the first component frame and the third component frame, or the second component frame and the fourth component frame are component frames as described above, that is, the first component frame and the third component frame have a first tooth-shaped structure and a second tooth-shaped structure, and the second component frame and the fourth component frame do not have the first tooth-shaped structure and the second tooth-shaped structure, or the first component frame and the third component frame do not have the first tooth-shaped structure and the second tooth-shaped structure, and the second component frame and the fourth component frame have a first tooth-shaped structure and a second tooth-shaped structure. In this way, when the adhesive overflows onto the top plate, because the first tooth-shaped structure is not provided on the top plate of some frames, the contact area between the adhesive and the top plate is small, which reduces the difficulty of cleaning the adhesive.

[0082] The basic concepts have been described above. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the above disclosures are merely examples and do not limit the present application. Although not explicitly stated herein, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements, and revisions to the present application. Such modifications, improvements, and revisions are suggested in the present application and remain within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present application.

[0083] At the same time, this application uses specific terms to describe the embodiments of this application. For example, "one embodiment," "an embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" refer to a certain feature, structure, or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "one embodiment," "an embodiment," or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or multiple times in different locations in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments of this application may be appropriately combined.

[0084] In some embodiments, numbers are used to describe the quantity of components and attributes. It should be understood that such numbers used in the description of the embodiments are modified by the modifiers "about", "approximately" or "substantially" in some examples. Unless otherwise stated, "about", "approximately" or "substantially" indicate that the numbers are allowed to vary by ±20%. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters used in the description and claims are approximate values, which may change according to the required features of individual embodiments. In some embodiments, the numerical parameters should take into account the specified significant digits and adopt the general method of retaining digits. Although the numerical domains and parameters used to confirm the breadth of their range in some embodiments of the present application are approximate values, in specific embodiments, the settings of such numerical values ​​are as accurate as possible within the feasible range.

Claims

1. A component frame for connecting with a laminate, characterized in that: include: roof; A bottom plate, arranged opposite to the top plate in a first direction; A plurality of first tooth-shaped structures are sequentially arranged on the top surface of the top plate along the second direction; as well as A plurality of second tooth-shaped structures are sequentially arranged on the bottom surface of the bottom plate along the second direction, wherein projections of at least a portion of the second tooth-shaped structures along the first direction overlap with the plurality of first tooth-shaped structures.

2. The component frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of some teeth in the plurality of first tooth-shaped structures is greater than the height of the remaining teeth.

3. The component frame according to claim 2, characterized in that: The partial teeth are closer to the side plate than the remaining partial teeth in the second direction.

4. The component frame according to claim 2, characterized in that: Top ends of the plurality of first tooth-shaped structures are flush.

5. The component frame according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top ends of some of the remaining teeth are flat or arc surfaces.

6. The component frame according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top ends of all the remaining teeth are plane surfaces or arc surfaces.

7. The component frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top ends of some teeth in the plurality of first tooth-shaped structures are plane surfaces or arc surfaces.

8. The component frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top ends of all the first tooth-shaped structures are plane surfaces or arc surfaces.

9. The component frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the second plurality of tooth-shaped structures is greater than the number of the first plurality of tooth-shaped structures.

10. The component frame according to claim 9, characterized in that: Projections of the plurality of second tooth-shaped structures along the first direction cover the plurality of first tooth-shaped structures.

11. The component frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of the groove between every two adjacent second tooth-shaped structures is greater than the size of each of the first tooth-shaped structures.

12. The component frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the first tooth-shaped structures includes a first tooth surface and a second tooth surface, the first tooth surface being closer to the side plate than the second tooth surface in the second direction, wherein the second tooth surface contacts the first tooth surface of the adjacent first tooth-shaped structure.

13. The component frame according to claim 12, characterized in that: The included angle between the second tooth surface and the first tooth surface in contact with the second tooth surface is 100° to 140°.

14. The component frame according to claim 12, characterized in that: The second tooth surface includes an upper tooth surface and a lower tooth surface, one end of the upper tooth surface contacts the first tooth surface, the other end of the upper tooth surface contacts one end of the lower tooth surface, and the other end of the lower tooth surface contacts the first tooth surface of the adjacent first tooth-shaped structure.

15. The component frame according to claim 14, characterized in that: An included angle between the upper tooth surface and the first direction is smaller than an included angle between the lower tooth surface and the first direction.

16. The component frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: Adjacent first tooth-shaped structures are spaced apart by a preset distance in the second direction, wherein the preset distance is equal to or greater than 1 mm.

17. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: include: laminates; The first component frame, the second component frame, the third component frame and the fourth component frame are connected end to end in sequence and are all connected to the laminate, wherein the first component frame and the third component frame, or the second component frame and the fourth component frame are component frames as described in any one of claims 1 to 16.

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