Electronic personal dosimeter and nuclear power station access control system

Abstract

An electronic personal dosimeter and a nuclear power station access control system. The electronic personal dosimeter comprises a detector assembly (1), a processing module (2), and an interaction and display module (3). The detector assembly (1) comprises a first cadmium zinc telluride detector (11) and a second cadmium zinc telluride detector (12), the first cadmium zinc telluride detector (11) is used for measuring a dose rate in a low dose range, and the second cadmium zinc telluride detector (12) is used for measuring a dose rate in a high dose range. The processing module (2) is connected to the detector assembly (1) and is used for performing data processing on the measured dose rates, outputting a measurement result and completing communication control and alarm control. The interaction and display module (3) is connected to the processing module (2) and is used for completing internal communication of the electronic personal dosimeter and communication with an external device and displaying the measurement result and alarm information. The problems in the related art that costs are high and the requirements for an energy response range and sensitivity cannot be met can be solved.

Description

An electronic personal dosimeter and nuclear power plant access control system

[0001] This disclosure claims priority to a Chinese patent application filed on September 26, 2023, with application number CN202311254691.3, entitled “AN ELECTRONIC PERSONAL DOSIMETER AND NUCLEAR POWER POWER SUPPLY ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEM.” Technical Field

[0002] The present invention belongs to the technical field of radiation detection, and in particular relates to an electronic personal dosimeter and a nuclear power plant access control system. Background Art

[0003] Electronic personal dosimeters are primarily used for real-time personal dose monitoring, over-threshold alarms, and personal dose management for personnel working in radiation-controlled areas to ensure radiation safety. The core component of an electronic personal dosimeter is the radiation detector.

[0004] Currently, the radiation detectors in electronic personal dosimeters used on a large scale in domestic nuclear facilities are mostly silicon semiconductor detectors and scintillator detectors. However, silicon semiconductor detectors are imported products, which are costly and have limited supply channels and lead times. Cesium iodide is also used as a detector component in China, but its energy response range is only 1.5 MeV (mega-electron volts), which does not meet the upper limit of 3.0 MeV for personal dose monitoring, and its sensitivity is also relatively low.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the above-mentioned deficiencies in the existing technology and provide an electronic personal dosimeter and a nuclear power plant access control system. Based on the localization of the radiation detector in the electronic personal dosimeter, the electronic personal dosimeter meets the requirements of low cost, energy response range and sensitivity.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an electronic personal dosimeter, comprising a detector assembly, a processing module, and an interaction and display module.

[0008] The detector assembly includes a first CdZnTe detector and a second CdZnTe detector. The first CdZnTe detector measures the dose rate in the low-range range, while the second CdZnTe detector measures the dose rate in the high-range range. A processing module, connected to the detector assembly, processes the measured dose rate data, outputs the measurement results, and performs communication and alarm control. An interaction and display module, connected to the processing module, facilitates internal communication within the electronic personal dosimeter and with external devices, and displays measurement results and alarm information.

[0009] Preferably, the interaction and display module includes a communication unit. The communication unit, connected to the processing module, is used to facilitate internal communications within the electronic personal dosimeter and with external devices. The communication unit includes a low-power 5G communication module, which is used to transmit measurement results and alarm information to external devices in real time.

[0010] Preferably, the communication unit further comprises a Bluetooth communication module, which is used to communicate with a Bluetooth base station to realize the positioning of the electronic personal dosimeter.

[0011] Preferably, the communication unit further comprises an infrared communication module, which is used to send measurement results and alarm information to a fixed readout device.

[0012] Preferably, the communication unit is used to communicate within the electronic personal dosimeter and with external devices using the message queue telemetry transmission MQTT protocol.

[0013] Preferably, the dose rate includes a dose rate of X-rays and a dose rate of gamma rays.

[0014] The low range of dose rate is 0.1μSv / h (microsievert per hour) to 1mSv / h (millisievert per hour), and the high range of dose rate is 0.1mSv / h to 1Sv / h.

[0015] The modes of the processing module include a standby mode and a working mode.

[0016] Preferably, the measurement results include dose rate, cumulative dose, and positioning information.

[0017] The detector assembly also includes a preamplifier. The preamplifier is connected to the first and second CdZnTe detectors, respectively, and is used to amplify the dose rate measurement data output by the first and second CdZnTe detectors. The preamplifier, the first and second CdZnTe detectors are encapsulated under a shielding film.

[0018] Preferably, the electronic personal dosimeter further includes a power supply module. The power supply module is connected to the detector assembly, the processing module, and the interaction and display module, respectively, and is configured to supply power to the detector assembly, the processing module, and the interaction and display module. The power supply module is configured to continuously supply power at a specified data transmission frequency for a duration greater than a preset duration.

[0019] Preferably, the interaction and display module includes a key unit, which is used to receive key instructions and feed the key instructions back to the processing module.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a nuclear power plant access control system, comprising an access control terminal, a dosimeter reader, and the electronic personal dosimeter described in the first aspect.

[0021] The access control terminal is connected to the electronic personal dosimeter and is used to control the access switch of the nuclear power plant according to key commands. The dosimeter reader is connected to the electronic personal dosimeter and is used to read the measurement results of the electronic personal dosimeter.

[0022] The electronic personal dosimeter and nuclear power plant access control system of the present invention include a first CdZnTe detector and a second CdZnTe detector. The first CdZnTe detector is used to measure dose rates in a low-range range, while the second CdZnTe detector is used to measure dose rates in a high-range range. By using CdZnTe compound semiconductors, which have excellent measurement sensitivity and energy response range, as detectors, and employing two detectors with different measurement ranges to achieve a sufficiently wide measurement range, the electronic personal dosimeter containing CdZnTe detectors meets the requirements for low cost, energy response range, and sensitivity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic personal dosimeter according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0024] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic personal dosimeter according to embodiment 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] Example 1:

[0027] As shown in FIG1 , this embodiment provides an electronic personal dosimeter, including a detector assembly 1 , a processing module 2 , and an interaction and display module 3 .

[0028] The detector assembly 1 includes a first CdZnTe detector 11 and a second CdZnTe detector 12 . The first CdZnTe detector 11 is used to measure the dose rate in a low range, and the second CdZnTe detector 12 is used to measure the dose rate in a high range.

[0029] The processing module 2 is connected to the detector assembly 1 and is used to process the measured dose rate data, output the measurement results and complete communication control and alarm control.

[0030] The interaction and display module 3 is connected to the processing module 2 and is used to complete the internal communication of the electronic personal dosimeter and the communication with external devices, and to display the measurement results and alarm information.

[0031] In this embodiment, compared to silicon (Si) detectors, cadmium zinc telluride (CdZnTe) has the advantages of a wider detection energy range and high detection efficiency, and has better performance in measuring X, gamma, and beta rays. In addition, because electronic personal dosimeters for external exposure doses to personnel in large nuclear facilities must be small in size, meet electromagnetic compatibility, cover a dose rate range of 1μSv / h-1Sv / h, and cover an energy response range of 60keV-3MeV, a new domestically produced CdZnTe compound semiconductor is used as a detector, replacing silicon semiconductors, cesium iodide, and other detectors. This solves the problems of current electronic personal dosimeters that do not meet the required dose rate measurement range, energy response range, and sensitivity (response time). To achieve a sufficiently wide measurement range, a dual-detector technology route is adopted, with one CdZnTe detector measuring the low range and the other measuring the high range.

[0032] Optionally, the interaction and display module 3 includes a communication unit 31 .

[0033] The communication unit 31 is connected to the processing module 2 and is used to complete the internal communication of the electronic personal dosimeter and the communication with external devices.

[0034] The communication unit 31 includes a low-power 5G communication module, which is used to send measurement results and alarm information to external devices in real time.

[0035] In the present embodiment, in terms of the data transmission and management method of the electronic personal dosimeter, currently, facilities such as nuclear power plants use fixed readout devices to read out the data of the electronic personal dosimeter, and upload the readout data to the server through a wired network. Since the installation position of the fixed readout device is fixed, the remote monitoring personnel cannot obtain the personal dose data of the staff in the facility in real time, which poses a great safety hazard to the staff in the facility. Therefore, the electronic personal dosimeter of this embodiment is provided with a low-power 5G communication module to control the power consumption rate of the entire electronic personal dosimeter and realize the real-time communication function of the electronic personal dosimeter, that is, to realize the function of uploading the personal dose data to the server in real time, while meeting the power supply requirement of a continuous power supply time of not less than a preset time (such as 8 hours) in the specified data sending frequency mode. Preferably, if a low-power 5G communication module with a positioning protocol is provided, the electronic personal dosimeter adopts a low-power 5G communication module with a positioning protocol to realize that the electronic personal dosimeter has a positioning function while uploading dose data in real time based on 5G communication.

[0036] Optionally, the communication unit further includes a Bluetooth communication module, which is used to communicate with a Bluetooth base station to realize the positioning of the electronic personal dosimeter.

[0037] In this embodiment, a Bluetooth communication module and a matching Bluetooth base station are used to implement the positioning function of the electronic personal dosimeter. This positioning function can locate workers equipped with electronic personal dosimeters within the facility, allowing for rapid identification of high-radiation locations and timely rescue of trapped workers.

[0038] Optionally, the communication unit further includes an infrared communication module, which is used to send measurement results and alarm information to a fixed readout device.

[0039] In this embodiment, to avoid safety issues caused by component failures in the electronic personal dosimeter, a dual safety measure for data reading is implemented based on a 5G communication module and an infrared communication module. The low-power 5G communication module, Bluetooth communication module, and infrared communication module are integrated on a single circuit board, achieving a modular design of the communication unit.

[0040] Optionally, the communication unit is used to use the message queue telemetry transmission MQTT protocol to communicate internally of the electronic personal dosimeter and to communicate with external devices.

[0041] In this embodiment, the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol is used for transmission in the electronic personal dosimeter communication to achieve lightweight, low-bandwidth instant communication.

[0042] Optionally, the dose rate includes a dose rate of X-rays and a dose rate of gamma rays.

[0043] The low range of dose rate is 0.1μSv / h (microsievert per hour) to 1mSv / h (millisievert per hour).

[0044] The high range of dose rate is 0.1mSv / h~1Sv / h.

[0045] The modes of the processing module include a standby mode and a working mode.

[0046] In this embodiment, standby mode refers to the processing module being in a non-measuring state, while operating mode refers to the processing module being in a measuring state. The processing module can store no fewer than 3,000 dose information items and is used to receive the detector analog circuit output signals and perform comparison, counting, calculation, and storage. This allows for functions such as power management, communication control, LCD display, alarm control, key response, and personnel location.

[0047] Optionally, the measurement results include dose rate, cumulative dose, and positioning information.

[0048] The detector assembly also includes a preamplifier. The preamplifier is connected to the first and second CdZnTe detectors, respectively, and is used to amplify the dose rate measurement data output by the first and second CdZnTe detectors. The preamplifier, the first and second CdZnTe detectors are encapsulated under a shielding film.

[0049] In this embodiment, based on the dual-detector technology, a corresponding charge-sensitive preamplifier is configured. Taking electromagnetic compatibility into consideration, the dual detectors and preamplifier are packaged and covered with an aluminum shielding film to form a detector assembly, thus achieving a modular design of the detector assembly.

[0050] Optionally, the electronic personal dosimeter further comprises a power supply module.

[0051] The power supply module is connected to the detector assembly, the processing module, and the interaction and display module respectively, and is used to supply power to the detector assembly, the processing module, and the interaction and display module.

[0052] The power supply module continuously supplies power for a period greater than a preset period (eg, 8 hours) at the specified data transmission frequency.

[0053] Optionally, the interaction and display module includes a key unit. The key unit is used to receive key commands and feed them back to the processing module. The interaction and display module is used to facilitate internal communication within the electronic personal dosimeter and external communication with its associated device reader, display measurement values / alarm information / measurement units, output alarms (including sound, light, and vibration), key control, and personnel location.

[0054] The electronic personal dosimeter of this embodiment uses a cadmium zinc telluride compound semiconductor with better measurement sensitivity and energy response range as a detector, and uses two detectors with different measurement ranges to meet a sufficiently wide measurement range, so that the electronic personal dosimeter containing a cadmium zinc telluride detector meets the requirements of low cost, energy response range, and sensitivity. Furthermore, since the installation position of the fixed readout device is fixed, the remote monitoring personnel cannot obtain the personal dose data of the staff in the facility in real time, which poses a great safety hazard to the staff in the facility. Therefore, the electronic personal dosimeter of this embodiment is provided with a low-power 5G communication module to control the power consumption rate of the entire electronic personal dosimeter and realize the real-time communication function of the electronic personal dosimeter, that is, to realize the function of uploading personal dose data to the server in real time, while meeting the power supply requirement of a continuous power supply time of not less than a preset time (such as 8 hours) in the specified data transmission frequency mode. By setting a Bluetooth communication module for positioning, the positioning of the staff equipped with the electronic personal dosimeter in the facility can be achieved, so that the high radiation position can be quickly identified and the trapped staff can be rescued in time. In addition, the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol is used for communication in electronic personal dosimeters to achieve lightweight, low-bandwidth instant communication.

[0055] Example 2:

[0056] As shown in FIG2 , this embodiment provides an electronic personal dosimeter, including a detection module, a processor module, an interaction and display module, and a power supply module.

[0057] The detection module includes dual detectors and a preamplifier. In order to meet the measurement sensitivity requirements and the lower limit of energy response, a cadmium zinc telluride compound semiconductor with good measurement sensitivity and energy response is used as the detector. This detector is far superior to silicon (Si) semiconductors and cesium iodide (CsI) detectors in terms of measurement sensitivity and energy response. In order to meet a sufficiently wide measurement range, a dual-detector technology route is adopted, in which one detector measures the low range (0.1mSv / h~1mSv / h) and the other detector measures the high range (0.1mSv / h~1Sv / h). Based on the dual-detector technology route, a corresponding charge-sensitive preamplifier is configured. At the same time, considering the electromagnetic compatibility requirements, the dual detectors and preamplifier are packaged and covered with an aluminum shielding film to form a detection module, realizing a modular design.

[0058] The interaction and display module includes a communication unit. The communication unit includes a low-power 5G communication module, a Bluetooth communication module, and an infrared communication module. By selecting a low-power 5G communication module, the power consumption rate of the entire electronic personal dosimeter is controlled to realize the real-time communication function of the electronic personal dosimeter, while meeting the power supply requirement of no less than 8 hours of continuous power supply in the specified data transmission frequency mode. For the first time, the MQTT protocol is used for transmission in the communication of the electronic personal dosimeter to realize lightweight, low-bandwidth instant communication. By setting up a Bluetooth communication module and a matching Bluetooth base station, the positioning function of the electronic personal dosimeter is realized. Considering that there is currently no 5G communication module with a positioning protocol on the market, the positioning function needs to be realized by supplementing the Bluetooth communication module. If a low-power 5G communication module with a positioning protocol is subsequently available, this Bluetooth communication module can be omitted. An infrared communication module is set up to retain the communication function with the fixed readout device. All communication modules constitute the communication unit and are integrated on a circuit board to realize the modular design of the communication components.

[0059] The interaction and display module mainly completes the internal communication of the electronic personal dosimeter and the external communication with its supporting equipment reader, the display of measurement values / alarm information / measurement units, alarm output (including sound, light, vibration), button control, and personnel positioning.

[0060] The processor module is connected to the detection module and the interaction and display module. It has a standby mode (non-measurement state) and an operating mode (measurement state). It can store no fewer than 3,000 dose information items and is used to receive analog circuit output signals and perform comparisons, counting, calculations, and storage. It also performs functions such as power management, communication control, LCD display, alarm control, key response, and personnel location. The processor module in Figure 2 features a UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver / Transmitter), a GPIO (General-Purpose Input / Output), and an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory).

[0061] The power supply module is connected to the detection module, interaction and display module, and processor module to provide power to each module. The power supply module includes a battery and a voltage control unit.

[0062] In actual use, electronic personal dosimeters are divided into entry activation and triggering access control, and exit measurement data upload. The corresponding dosimeter readers are divided into entry dosimeter readers and exit dosimeter readers. By adopting 5G communication and supporting signal processing and transmission, instrument power supply, and electromagnetic compatibility designs, the instrument's real-time wireless communication, intelligent management, and instrument positioning issues are solved. The electronic personal dosimeter of this embodiment can achieve the following technical indicators:

[0063] ·Ray type: X, γ.

[0064] Dose rate measurement range: 0.1μSv / h-1Sv / h.

[0065] Energy range: 33keV-3MeV.

[0066] Communication mode: 5G, Bluetooth and infrared combined modes.

[0067] The continuous power supply time is not less than 8 hours in the specified data transmission frequency mode.

[0068] Types of data that can be provided: real-time dose rate, cumulative dose, and personnel location information.

[0069] This embodiment of an electronic personal dosimeter, based on a compound semiconductor cadmium zinc telluride (CZN) detector, enables real-time measurement of radiation dose levels for personnel in nuclear facilities. Furthermore, leveraging 5G communications and other supporting technologies, it enables real-time management of radiation dose levels and localization of personnel. This device is a radioactivity detection device and can be used for personal dose monitoring in nuclear facilities and other radiation-related fields.

[0070] Example 3:

[0071] This embodiment provides an access control system for a nuclear power plant, including an access control terminal, a dosimeter reader, and the electronic personal dosimeter described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2.

[0072] The access control terminal is connected to the electronic personal dosimeter and is used to control the access switch of the nuclear power plant according to key commands. The dosimeter reader is connected to the electronic personal dosimeter and is used to read the measurement results of the electronic personal dosimeter.

[0073] It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments for illustrating the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electronic personal dosimeter, characterized in that: Including detector components, processing modules, interaction and display modules, The detector assembly includes a first cadmium zinc telluride detector and a second cadmium zinc telluride detector. The first cadmium zinc telluride detector is used to measure the dose rate in a low range, and the second cadmium zinc telluride detector is used to measure the dose rate in a high range. The processing module is connected to the detector assembly and is used to process the measured dose rate data, output the measurement results and complete communication control and alarm control. The interaction and display module is connected to the processing module and is used to complete the internal communication of the electronic personal dosimeter and the communication with external devices, and to display the measurement results and alarm information.

2. The electronic personal dosimeter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interaction and display module includes a communication unit, The communication unit is connected to the processing module and is used to complete the internal communication of the electronic personal dosimeter and the communication with external devices. The communication unit includes a low-power 5G communication module, which is used to send measurement results and alarm information to external devices in real time.

3. The electronic personal dosimeter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The communication unit also includes a Bluetooth communication module. The Bluetooth communication module is used to communicate with the Bluetooth base station to realize the positioning of the electronic personal dosimeter.

4. The electronic personal dosimeter according to any one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that: The communication unit also includes an infrared communication module. Infrared communication module, used to send measurement results and alarm information to fixed readout equipment.

5. The electronic personal dosimeter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The communication unit is used for internal communication of the electronic personal dosimeter and communication with external devices using the message queue telemetry transmission MQTT protocol.

6. The electronic personal dosimeter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dose rate includes the dose rate of X-rays and the dose rate of gamma-rays. The low range of dose rate is 0.1μSv / h~1mSv / h. The high range of dose rate is 0.1mSv / h~1Sv / h. The modes of the processing module include a standby mode and a working mode.

7. The electronic personal dosimeter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measurement results include dose rate, cumulative dose, positioning information, The detector assembly also includes a preamplifier, The preamplifier is connected to the first CdZnTe detector and the second CdZnTe detector respectively, and is used to amplify the dose rate measurement data output by the first CdZnTe detector and the second CdZnTe detector. The preamplifier, the first cadmium zinc telluride detector and the second cadmium zinc telluride detector are packaged under the shielding film.

8. The electronic personal dosimeter according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a power supply module. The power supply module is connected to the detector assembly, the processing module, and the interactive and display module respectively, and is used to supply power to the detector assembly, the processing module, and the interactive and display module. The duration for which the power supply module continuously supplies power at the specified data sending frequency is greater than the preset duration.

9. The electronic personal dosimeter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interaction and display module includes a key unit, The key unit is used to receive key instructions and feed the key instructions back to the processing module.

10. A nuclear power plant access control system, characterized in that: comprising an access control terminal, a dosimeter reader and the electronic personal dosimeter according to claim 9, The access control terminal is connected to the electronic personal dosimeter and is used to control the access switch of the nuclear power plant according to key commands. The dosimeter reader is connected to the electronic personal dosimeter and is used to read the measurement results of the electronic personal dosimeter.

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