Light-field display system and display method therefor

Abstract

A light-field display system and a display method therefor. The light-field display system comprises: a plurality of display sub-units (1), which are arranged in a honeycomb shape, wherein each display sub-unit (1) comprises a circular rotating structure (11) and at least one first projection assembly (12) arranged on the edge of the rotating structure (11), each first projection assembly (12) comprises a plurality of sub-pixels, and the at least one first projection assembly (12) is configured to project, to an imaging surface (14) in a preset direction, emergent light of the sub-pixels in the at least one first projection assembly (12), so as to form first display sub-pixels; a one-way scattering film (2), which is arranged on one side of a light emitting surface of at least one display sub-unit (1), wherein the one-way scattering film (2) is configured to perform beam expansion on emergent light of the at least one display sub-unit (1) in a first direction; and a control assembly, which is built into the rotating structure (11) and is electrically connected to the at least one display sub-unit (1), and is configured to control the rotating structure (11) to rotate and control the display of at least one sub-pixel.

Description

Light field display system and display method thereof

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on October 19, 2023, with application number 202311363817.0. The entire contents of the above application are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of light field display technology, for example, to a light field display system and a display method thereof. Background Art

[0003] Light field display systems can achieve naked-eye 3D (3D) display effects and have important applications in the field of modern display technology.

[0004] However, in the naked-eye 3D display system in the related art, the lenticular gratings are arranged in the horizontal direction, and a liquid crystal display panel is set below the lenticular gratings. In this 3D display system, the lenticular gratings are used to distinguish viewpoints. By deflecting the light emitted by different sub-pixels in the liquid crystal display panel in different directions, the light entering the human eye is different, thereby achieving stereoscopic display. However, in this solution, the number of viewpoints is limited by the pixel size of the liquid crystal display panel and the intercept of the cylindrical lens array. The more liquid crystal pixels under a single cylindrical lens, the more viewpoints there are. At present, the color pixel size of the liquid crystal panel is generally around 0.2mm. Under the premise of a fixed liquid crystal pixel size, the larger the intercept of the cylindrical lens grating, the more viewpoints there are. However, the intercept of the cylindrical lens grating determines the resolution of the display pixel. Therefore, the number of viewpoints and the resolution of this solution are two mutually exclusive parameters, so a balance needs to be made. In addition, the viewpoints in this 3D display system are discontinuous. The human eye can only see the complete display at certain specific viewpoints, which limits the further application of the 3D display system.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present application provides a light field display system and a display method thereof, so that the light field display system has continuous viewpoints.

[0007] The present application provides a light field display system, comprising:

[0008] a plurality of display subunits arranged in a honeycomb pattern, each display subunit comprising a circular rotating structure and at least one first projection assembly disposed on an edge of the rotating structure, each first projection assembly comprising a plurality of sub-pixels, the at least one first projection assembly being configured to project light emitted from the sub-pixels in the at least one first projection assembly along a predetermined direction onto an imaging surface to form a first display sub-pixel;

[0009] a one-way scattering film, disposed on a side of a light-emitting surface of at least one display subunit, wherein the one-way scattering film is configured to expand the light emitted by at least one display subunit along a first direction;

[0010] The control component is built into the rotating structure and electrically connected to at least one display sub-unit, and is configured to control the rotation of the rotating structure and control the display of at least one sub-pixel.

[0011] This application provides a display method of a light field display system, comprising:

[0012] Determining parameters required for a light field display system to display an image at a preset display resolution;

[0013] determining, according to the parameters, display sub-pixels, display positions, and display times of a plurality of display sub-units included in the light field display system;

[0014] Wherein, the light field display system is the light field display system described in any of the above embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for describing the embodiments. The drawings described below are only part of the drawings of this application.

[0016] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the relative positional relationship between a first projection assembly and a one-way scattering film of a light field display system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] FIG2 is a schematic diagram showing different display sub-units of a light field display system according to an embodiment of the present application providing light beams at different angles for the same display pixel;

[0018] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of beam expansion of a light field display system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of multiple display sub-units provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a display subunit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a lenticular grating provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of another display subunit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a display lamp pole provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] FIG9 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between a plurality of display sub-units and a display projection line provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] FIG10 is an enlarged schematic diagram of a single display subunit in FIG9 ;

[0026] FIG11 is a schematic diagram showing the imaging coverage area of ​​the projection assembly in the display subunit;

[0027] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of a light field display system provided by an embodiment of the present application showing a straight line in the projection area of ​​two adjacent display sub-units;

[0028] FIG13 is another schematic diagram of a light field display system provided by an embodiment of the present application showing a straight line in the projection area of ​​two adjacent display sub-units;

[0029] FIG14 is another schematic diagram of a light field display system according to an embodiment of the present application showing a straight line in the projection area of ​​two adjacent display sub-units;

[0030] FIG15 is a schematic structural diagram of a deflection assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG16 is a schematic structural diagram of another light field display system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG17 is a schematic structural diagram of a deflection unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] FIG18 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between a deflection assembly and a display sub-unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG19 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between two adjacent display sub-units located in two adjacent rows and the deflection assembly in FIG18 ;

[0035] FIG20 is a schematic structural diagram of a first deflection film provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] FIG21 is a schematic structural diagram of a second deflection film provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] FIG22 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between another deflection assembly and a display sub-unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG23 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between two adjacent display sub-units located in two adjacent rows and the deflection assembly in FIG22;

[0039] FIG24 is a schematic structural diagram of another light field display system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG25 is a schematic structural diagram of another light field display system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG26 is a schematic diagram showing a principle of a reflector for expanding viewing angle provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG27 is a schematic structural diagram of another light field display system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG28 is a schematic structural diagram of another light field display system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] FIG29 is a flowchart of a display method of a light field display system provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. The embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0046] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in a sequence other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, in addition to the process, method, system, product or equipment comprising a series of steps or units shown in the embodiments of the present application, other processes, methods, systems, products or equipment of this series of steps or units not clearly listed may also be included, or other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, systems, products or equipment.

[0047] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the relative position relationship between the first projection component and the one-way scattering film of a light field display system provided in an embodiment of the present application, FIG2 is a schematic diagram of different display subunits of a light field display system provided in an embodiment of the present application providing light beams of different angles for the same display pixel, FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the beam expansion of a light field display system provided in an embodiment of the present application, FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of multiple display subunits provided in an embodiment of the present application, and FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display subunit provided in an embodiment of the present application. In combination with FIG1 to FIG5, the light field display system includes: multiple display subunits 1, the display units 1 are arranged in a honeycomb shape, and each display subunit 1 includes a circular rotating structure 11 and a position At least one first projection assembly 12 is provided on the edge of the rotating structure 11, each first projection assembly 12 including a plurality of sub-pixels. The at least one first projection assembly 12 is configured to project the outgoing light of the sub-pixels in the at least one first projection assembly along a preset direction onto an imaging surface 14 to form a first display sub-pixel, wherein the imaging surface 14 may be on or outside the one-way scattering film 2; the one-way scattering film 2 is provided on the light-emitting surface side of the at least one display sub-unit 1, and the one-way scattering film 2 is configured to expand the outgoing light of the at least one display sub-unit 1 along a first direction Y; and a control assembly is electrically connected to the at least one display sub-unit 1 and configured to control the rotation of the rotating structure and the display of the at least one sub-pixel.

[0048] For example, a three-dimensional space consisting of a first direction Y, a second direction X, and a third direction Z is defined. These three directions are perpendicular to each other, and the second direction X can be horizontal. The display subunits 1 and the unidirectional scattering film 2 are arranged along the third direction Z. The rotating structure 11 of the display subunit 1 is disc-shaped and can rotate about its center. Multiple display subunits 1 form a honeycomb structure, with any two adjacent display subunits 1 being nearly tangent to each other. A gap exists between adjacent display subunits 1 to prevent mutual interference during rotation. The gap is greater than zero and can be less than 1 mm. This increases the coverage of the output light from the multiple display subunits on the imaging surface 14, resulting in a higher resolution for the display subpixels on the imaging surface 14. The first projection assembly 12 is disposed at the edge of the rotating structure 11. The first projection assembly 12 is a high-speed projection assembly and includes multiple sub-pixels. The multiple sub-pixels can be disposed on a display device 121. The display device 121 can be, for example, a dense display device, such as a MicroLED, an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), a high-speed digital light processing (DLP), or a liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) display panel. The sub-pixels on the display device 121 are projected onto the imaging surface 14 to form first display sub-pixels. Each sub-pixel on the display device 121, at a different position on the display device 121, can provide a directional light beam for each display sub-pixel. The first projection assembly 12 has multiple sub-pixels, and the light emitted by each sub-pixel is projected along a predetermined direction. The first projection assembly 12 can be understood as a vector pixel or a tensor pixel. The definition of a vector pixel is as follows: 1. A narrow beam of light from a point light source. Compared to larger display scales, a point-like light source can be approximated (for example, the light source occupies less than one ten-thousandth of the display area). Most of the light beams emitted into space by this narrow point light source have the following properties: If the beam boundary is defined as the point where the light intensity drops to 50% of the beam's maximum intensity, the minimum spatial spherical angle encompassing all boundaries, centered at the light source, is less than 10 degrees. 2. The beam can be projected in at least 100 distinguishable directions. 3. The beam can be emitted simultaneously in two or more directions. 4. The brightness of the beam can be adjusted in at least 16 levels. A tensor pixel is defined as follows: A tensor is a multilinear mapping defined on the Cartesian product of a vector space or dual space. Its coordinates are a quantity with |n| components in an |n|-dimensional space, where each component is a function of the coordinates. During coordinate transformations, these components also undergo linear transformations according to certain rules. A tensor pixel is a pixel unit formed by an array of independently controllable display devices, imaged on different planes in space through optical components.A tensor pixel is a pixel unit in a three-dimensional coordinate space. Different tensor pixels are located not only at different positions in the two-dimensional plane, but also in the vertical space. Therefore, tensor pixels can form a 3D image. Here, a tensor pixel can be a virtual image formed by an optical component or a real image.

[0049] The basic display principle of the present application can be briefly described with reference to FIG2 . FIG2 illustrates the composition of a single first display subpixel P and a first projection assembly as a vector pixel (in this case, there is only one imaging surface 14) as an example. During display, the rotating structure 11 on the display subunit 1 rotates, thereby driving the rotation of the first projection assembly 12. When the first projection assembly 12 on the display subunit 1 rotates to a certain position, it controls one of its subpixels to emit light, thereby providing a viewing angle in a second direction X for the first display subpixel P on the imaging surface 14. When one eye is focused on the emitted light from this subpixel, the first display subpixel P can be seen. Furthermore, when the first projection assembly 12 on another display subunit 1 moves to a certain position, one of its subpixels can illuminate the first display subpixel P with emitted light at a different angle, thereby providing the first display subpixel P with a different viewing angle in the second direction X. By providing multiple viewing angles for the first display subpixel P through multiple display subunits 1, the first display subpixel P has a larger viewing angle in the second direction X. Other sub-pixels in the first projection assembly 12 can form other first display sub-pixels on the imaging surface 14, thereby forming a complete image on the imaging surface 14 through multiple first display sub-pixels. Vector pixels can send different images to the left and right eyes, i.e., by emitting light through different sub-pixels, providing binocular images for the left and right eyes, thereby achieving a stereoscopic display. Tensor pixels, on the other hand, can form images with parallax on different imaging surfaces, allowing the human eye to perceive depth information of the image, thereby achieving a stereoscopic display.

[0050] In this embodiment, the display sub-units located in two adjacent rows along the second direction X can be configured to provide outgoing light to first display sub-pixels located in the same row or rows on the imaging surface 14. The viewing angles in both the first direction Y and the second direction X are relatively small, but a narrow light beam is required in the second direction X to achieve binocular parallax display. The narrow light beam in the first direction Y results in different directional angles for the sub-pixel light beams in the first direction Y. The human eye will see different sub-pixels at different locations, and will not be able to see most of the sub-pixels in the first direction Y. By providing a unidirectional scattering film 2, the outgoing light is expanded along the first direction Y, so that first display sub-pixels with a small viewing angle in the first direction Y can be expanded to a larger viewing angle. The human eye can still see the first display sub-pixel when moving within a larger range in the first direction Y. Because each first display sub-pixel in the first direction Y is expanded, the human eye can also see more or even all display sub-pixels located in the same column in the first direction Y. In other words, the human eye can see more or even all display sub-pixels within a larger range, thereby enabling the light field display system of this embodiment to have multiple and continuous viewpoints.

[0051] Furthermore, in this embodiment, each display subunit may correspond to a corresponding control component, which is configured to control the rotational speed of the corresponding display subunit and the display of subpixels based on control signals. Optionally, the rotating structure includes a housing, and the control component is internally housed within the housing. In other embodiments, a single control component may control the rotational speed of all display subunits, while the housing of each display subunit only houses the control component that controls the display of subpixels in the corresponding display subunit.

[0052] The technical solution of this embodiment adopts a light field display system comprising a plurality of display subunits arranged in a honeycomb pattern. Each display subunit includes a circular rotating structure and at least one first projection assembly disposed on the edge of the rotating structure. The first projection assembly includes a plurality of subpixels and is configured to project light emitted from the subpixels along a predetermined direction onto an imaging surface to form the first display subpixels. A unidirectional scattering film is disposed on a light-emitting surface of the display subunit and is configured to expand the light emitted from the display subunit along the first direction. A control assembly is electrically connected to the display subunit and is configured to control the rotation of the rotating structure and the display of the subpixels. A correction module is configured to determine parameters required by the light field display system to display an image at a predetermined resolution based on the viewing position. The parameters include the display direction angle and display time of the display subunit corresponding to the image. The unidirectional scattering film is disposed to expand the light emitted from the first projection assembly along the first direction, thereby enabling the human eye to see more or all of the first display subpixels when moving in the first direction, thereby providing a plurality of continuous viewpoints.

[0053] Optionally, the light field display system also includes a calibration module configured to determine, based on the viewing position, the parameters required for the light field display system to display an image at a preset resolution. These parameters include the display orientation angle and display time of the corresponding image display subunit. These parameters can be calculated by the calibration system or transmitted externally. Before display, the calibration module can be used to perform calibration to obtain the complete set of parameters required for image display. The specific calibration method will be described later.

[0054] Optionally, the first projection assembly 12 includes a display device 121 and a projection lens 122, with the projection lens 122 positioned between the display device 121 and the unidirectional scattering film 2. When the first projection assembly 12 is a vector pixel, the projection lens 122 may have only one focal point, in which case the projection lens 122 projects the sub-pixels on the display device 121 onto a single imaging plane. However, when the first projection assembly 12 is a tensor pixel, the projection lens 122 may have two focal points, projecting the emitted light from the sub-pixels on the display device 121 onto different imaging planes. Stereoscopic display is achieved by utilizing the differences in the images on the different imaging planes.

[0055] Optionally, the imaging surface 14 may be a real image or a virtual image, and this embodiment of the present application does not impose any specific limitation on this.

[0056] Optionally, the display subunit 1 can be driven by an independent drive motor corresponding to each display subunit 1, such as a printed circuit board (PCB) motor; or multiple display subunits 1 can be driven by the same electrode through belts or gears; when the display subunits 1 constitute a display light pole (which will be explained later), the display subunits on the same or several display light poles can be rotated simultaneously through belts or gears. The frequency and phase of the rotation of the rotating structure 11 in each display subunit do not need to be strictly controlled. The control component only needs to know the precise frequency and phase of each rotating structure, and can use an algorithm to ensure synchronization with the display content, so that the rotating structure 11 of the display subunit 1 can control the sub-pixel display when it rotates to a preset position. Each display subunit 1 can have an independent power supply and communication system. Optional methods include power supply or communication through slip rings or wireless methods.

[0057] Optionally, Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a lenticular grating provided in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figures 1 to 6, the one-way scattering film 2 includes a lenticular grating, and the lenticular grating includes a plurality of cylindrical lenses 21 arranged along a first direction Y and extending along a second direction X.

[0058] The lenticular lens grating can unidirectionally spread the incident light along the arrangement direction of the cylindrical lenses 21. The plane of the lenticular lens grating is parallel to the plane in which the optical center of the projection lens 122 in the first projection assembly rotates. The distance between the plane in which the optical center rotates and the imaging plane determines the coverage area of ​​the light emitted by a single projection lens 122. The unidirectional scattering film 2 can also be other films that can unidirectionally spread the light beam. Furthermore, the unidirectional opening angle of the lenticular lens grating in the first direction Y determines the visual angle of the human eye in the first direction Y.

[0059] Optionally, referring to Figure 5, a display subunit 1 includes 2n first projection components provided on a rotating structure, and the 2n first projection components are opposite to each other in the radial direction of the display subunit 1; the distances between any two adjacent or opposite first projection components and the center of the display subunit 1 are different and less than a second preset value; n is a positive integer.

[0060] For example, two radially opposing first projection assemblies can be defined as a first first projection assembly 12 and a second first projection assembly 15. The second first projection assembly 15 is slightly offset from the first first projection assembly 12 in the radial direction of the rotating structure 11, resulting in a misalignment between the first display subpixels formed by the second first projection assembly 15 and the first display subpixels formed by the first first projection assembly 12. For example, in two rows of display subunits located in the same row along the second direction Y, the first first projection assembly projects a row of first display subpixels, and the second first projection assembly 15 projects a row of first display subpixels. On the imaging surface, the first display subpixels projected by the first first projection assembly 12 and the first display subpixels projected by the second first projection assembly 15 are located in different rows, which can increase the number of display subpixels per unit area on the imaging surface and thereby improve display resolution. Furthermore, display subpixels in different rows can be driven using an odd-even interlaced scanning method, thereby reducing flicker in the displayed image. Furthermore, the plane in which the optical center of the second first projection assembly moves can be the same plane as or different from the plane in which the optical center of the first first projection assembly moves. The radius of the rotation track of the second first projection assembly (ie, the distance from the center of the circle) is slightly different from the radius of the rotation track of the first first projection assembly, for example, the difference is (n+1 / 2) times the sub-pixel size.

[0061] In some other embodiments, the distances between any two adjacent or opposite first projection assemblies and the center of the display subunit may be set to be equal, thereby increasing the brightness and reducing the rotation speed of the display subunit.

[0062] Optionally, Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another display subunit provided in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 7 , the display subunit 1 may also be provided with other projection assemblies. Adjacent or radially opposing projection assemblies may be radially offset from the rotating structure to achieve interlaced scanning to increase display resolution or reduce rotational speed and improve display brightness. The installation of the projection assemblies on the display subunit should ensure mechanical balance. If this is not possible, counterweights may be added to the rotating structure to achieve this balance.

[0063] In some embodiments, optionally, the projection component on the display subunit includes a multi-color display device, and the multi-color display device includes sub-pixels of multiple different luminous colors.

[0064] Each projection assembly may include a display device, which is a multi-color display device, including three color sub-pixels: red sub-pixels, green sub-pixels, and blue sub-pixels. The different color sub-pixels on the multi-color display device emit light to form a color image.

[0065] In some other embodiments, optionally, continuing to refer to Figure 7, the projection assembly on the display sub-unit includes multiple monochrome display devices, the monochrome display devices include sub-pixels with the same luminous color, and the sub-pixels on different monochrome display devices in the same projection assembly have different luminous colors; along the rotation direction of the rotating structure 11, the arrangement order of the multiple monochrome display devices in each projection assembly is the same.

[0066] For example, each projection assembly may include three monochrome display devices: a red display device 1211, a green display device 1212, and a blue display device 1213. The three monochrome display devices in the same projection assembly are preferably installed adjacent to each other, or they may be separated by a certain angle. When the rotating structure 11 rotates, the color matching and image display of the pixels on the imaging surface are achieved through the persistence of vision effect by controlling the lighting time of the sub-pixels in each monochrome display device. Along the rotation direction of the rotating structure, the arrangement order of the monochrome display devices in each projection assembly is the same. That is, if the arrangement order of the monochrome display devices in one projection assembly along the rotation direction is red display device 1211, green display device 1212, and blue display device 1213, then the arrangement order of the monochrome display devices in all projection assemblies along the rotation direction is red display device 1211, green display device 1212, and blue display device 1213. This arrangement ensures that the sub-pixels in the pixels (including red sub-pixels, blue sub-pixels, and green sub-pixels) formed when the rotating structure 11 rotates are arranged in the same manner, which helps reduce the difficulty of display data processing.

[0067] Optionally, FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a display light pole provided in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG8 , the light field display system further includes a plurality of display light poles, and display sub-units located in two adjacent columns along the second direction X are fixed on the same display light pole.

[0068] As shown in Figure 8 , two columns of display subunits can be assembled into a display light pole. A line connecting the centers of two adjacent display subunits on the display light pole forms an angle of 30 degrees with the first direction Y. This arrangement ensures that each display subunit is nearly tangent to its adjacent display subunit. In this embodiment, the light field display system includes a display, the display including multiple display light poles arranged along a second direction, each display light pole including multiple display subunits arranged along the first direction. The multiple display light poles are arranged to form the honeycomb-shaped display subunits.

[0069] Optionally, the display light poles can be spliced ​​indefinitely, and multiple display light poles can be spliced ​​into a plane or a curved surface.

[0070] Optionally, the display subunits on each display light pole can be controlled to rotate by the same motor via a belt transmission.

[0071] The driving principle of the light field display system according to the embodiment of the present application is described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0072] First, the display principle of the light field display system in the second direction X is introduced, that is, how to form a row of display sub-pixels.

[0073] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between multiple display sub-units and display projection lines provided in an embodiment of the present application, Figure 10 is an enlarged schematic diagram of a single display sub-unit in Figure 9, and Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the imaging coverage area of ​​the projection component in the display sub-unit, refer to Figures 9 to 11. First, referring to Figure 10, the rotation trajectory 111 of the first projection component includes a first trajectory point A1, a second trajectory point A2, a third trajectory point A3 and a fourth trajectory point A4; the angle between the line connecting each trajectory point and the center C of the rotation trajectory 111 and the first diameter of the rotation trajectory 111 is a preset angle α, and the first diameter is parallel to the first direction Y; the first trajectory point A1 and the fourth trajectory point A4 are located on the first side of the first diameter, the second trajectory point A2 and the third trajectory point A3 are located on the second side of the first diameter, the first trajectory point A1 is adjacent to the second trajectory point A2, and the fourth trajectory point A4 is adjacent to the third trajectory point A3; the preset angle α is greater than or equal to 30 degrees; the preset angles α corresponding to different trajectory points can be the same or different; the first diameter intersects the rotation trajectory 111 at the fifth trajectory point A5 and the sixth trajectory point A6, the fifth trajectory point A5 is located on the short trajectory between the first trajectory point A1 and the second trajectory point A2, and the sixth trajectory point A6 is located on the short trajectory between the third trajectory point A3 and the fourth trajectory point A4. Referring to Figure 11 , dashed line L1 in Figure 11 is a line connecting the centers of display subunits 1 in the same row in the second direction X, and solid line L2 is the midline between two adjacent dashed lines L1. Taking the imaging plane on a lenticular lens as an example, the projection lens focal length f = 3.06 mm, the sub-pixel size in the display device is 24.3 μm, and the luminous area within the sub-pixel is 12 μm. To achieve a good display at a distance of 1 meter, the display sub-pixel size imaged onto the lenticular lens diaphragm is 1.1 mm, and the sub-pixel imaging magnification is M = 1.1 / 0.0243 = 45x. When the projection components of the display subunits are radially staggered, the display unit can perform interlaced scanning, and in this case, the display sub-pixel size is equivalent to 0.55 mm. At this point, according to the imaging formula (v = f*(M+1)), the imaging distance V = 140mm, and the theoretical calculated horizontal field of view (FOVH) of the projection lens is FOVH = 2*(K / 2 / f), where K is the side length of the display device and f is the focal length of the projection lens. When k = 4.6mm and f = 3.06mm, the FOVH is 73 degrees. Due to projection lens distortion, when imaging onto the lenticular diaphragm at a distance of 140mm, the measured FOVH is 84 degrees. The average size of the displayed sub-pixels imaged onto the lenticular diaphragm is 1.3mm. The actual average size of the displayed sub-pixels on an interlaced display is approximately 0.65mm. The area covered by the projection lens on the lenticular diaphragm is approximately 252mm*252mm. However, some distortion at the focal point of the display area causes the horizontal and vertical spacing of the corner points to exceed 252mm.As shown in FIG11 , the diameter of the rotating structure in display subunit 1 is 180 mm (this value is based on the fact that the currently used control assembly can be installed inside the disk). The distance between the centers of adjacent rotating structures in the horizontal direction is 180 mm, and the distance between the centers of adjacent rotating structures in the vertical direction is approximately 155.88 mm. The diameter of the projection lens is 14 mm, and the diameter of the trajectory circle (shown by the dotted line) on which the projection lens center traces is 166 mm. The projection coverage area (the imaging coverage area of ​​the projection assembly on the cylindrical grating) is defined by the four corner points shown in the figure, which are 405 mm apart, and is called projection surface Z2. The minimum projection distance between the boundary points of projection surface Z2 in the vertical and horizontal directions is 252 mm. The projection surface Z2 shown in FIG11 is the projection surface formed by the first projection assembly in the lower right display subunit at the fifth trajectory point A5.

[0074] It can be concluded from FIG11 and FIG10 that when the first projection component of a row of display subunits moves on the short track between the first track point A1 and the second track point A2, when the first projection component is at a track point closer to the fifth track point, its projection surface is close to the position of the projection surface at the fifth track point A5, and in another row of display subunits, there is a short track between the third track point A3 and the fourth track point A4, and the short track between the first track point A1 and the second track point A2 in one row of display subunits is adjacent to the short track between the third track point A3 and the fourth track point A4 in another row of display subunits, and the first projection component of the other row of display subunits is at the third track point A 3 and the fourth trajectory point A4, its projection surface is also close to the position of the projection surface Z2 in the figure, but the difference in position is larger in the second direction X and smaller in the first direction Y. Therefore, it can be considered that when the projection components of two adjacent rows of display subunits in the second direction X move on adjacent short trajectories, it is equivalent to a single projection component moving on a straight line (defined as the equivalent short trajectory straight line L3). Furthermore, the display area responsible for the projection components of two adjacent rows of display subunits in the second direction X when moving on adjacent short trajectories can be set to be the area defined by the rectangle Z1 in Figure 9, where the straight line extending from the rectangle Z1 along the second direction X is the solid line L2 in Figure 11. When it is necessary to display a straight line extending in the second direction X, the projection component moving on the equivalent short trajectory straight line L3 can be controlled to project onto the imaging surface, and different sub-pixels can provide different viewing angles or display sub-pixels.

[0075] According to the principle of light reversibility, when the human eye views the display content of the first projection assembly through a one-way scattering film, it is equivalent to emitting a thin beam of light at the eye's position toward the one-way scattering film at a viewing angle Q. This thin beam of light, after passing through the cylindrical grating, becomes a planar beam. Because the human eye forms an angle with the one-way scattering film, the planar beam of light bends, projecting a curved line onto the display subunit array surface. This curved line is defined as display projection line 101. The width of display projection line 101 is related to the divergence angle of the projection lens, its length is related to the radius of curvature of the grating, and its degree of curvature is related to the angle at which the eye views the grating. When display projection line 101 intersects the trajectory of the projection assembly on the display subunit, it indicates that the subpixel can provide a light beam in the direction Q to the eye when the projection assembly reaches this intersection. The maximum value of Q is the projection lens's FOVH / 2. To ensure the completeness of the display subpixel's luminous angle, it is required that the display projection line, from any observation point and at any angle, intersects the trajectory of the display subunit's projection assembly at at least one point. The completeness of the luminous angle means that when viewing within the designed viewing area, there are no missing points within the designed display area at a given design resolution.

[0076] Through the above analysis, it can be seen that when the projection assembly of two adjacent rows of display sub-units in the second direction X moves on adjacent short trajectories, the display area it is responsible for is the area determined by the rectangle Z1 in Figure 9. Then, when the display projection line 101 moves in the rectangular area, it will inevitably overlap with the equivalent short trajectory straight line of the projection assembly. In addition, the rectangles Z1 corresponding to two adjacent equivalent short trajectory straight lines L3 will overlap, and the degree of overlap is determined by the field of view (FOV) of the projection lens. In addition, because the display projection line 101 has a width, when the FOV of the projection lens is large and the display projection line 101 is curved to a large extent, resulting in only a portion of the display projection line 101 overlapping with the equivalent short trajectory straight line L3, the projection assembly can provide a display light beam with a larger viewing angle for the observation point.

[0077] The following describes the display principle of the light field display system in the first direction Y.

[0078] Taking the display of a straight line extending along a first direction Y as an example, Figures 12 to 14 are schematic diagrams of a method for displaying a straight line within the projection areas of two adjacent display sub-units, as provided in an embodiment of the present application. (Refer to Figures 12 and 14.) Assuming that a straight line AB is to be displayed, where the length of the straight line AB in the first direction Y is greater than the length of a rectangle Z1, the corresponding display sub-units are required to project display sub-pixels onto line segments AA-2 and BB-1 at points A5-2 and A5-1, respectively. Because the projection areas of the display sub-units at points A5-1 and A5-2 overlap, with the overlapping area being line segment B-1A-2, some of the display sub-pixels on line segment AB can be projected from one sub-pixel, while some can be projected from two sub-pixels. It is also understandable that Figures 12 to 14 only show two equivalent short trajectory lines (such as the two bold lines in Figure 12). In reality, the projection areas corresponding to the remaining equivalent short trajectory lines also overlap with line segment AB. Therefore, in the actual line segment AB, the line segments A-1 to B-1 and A-2 to B-2 can be projected from a single sub-pixel, while the remaining line segments can be projected from two sub-pixels. When the sub-pixel is projected onto the lenticular lens surface where AB is located through the projection lens, the beam divergence angle of the sub-pixel is determined by the projection lens during imaging. When passing through the lenticular lens, the divergence angle of the sub-pixel in the first direction Y will change, while the divergence angle in the second direction X will not change. Taking the display sub-pixels at points A-1 and B-1 in Figure 13 as an example, when the lenticular lens has a unidirectional opening angle of 75 degrees, since each position in the area between points A-1 and B-1 corresponds to only a single sub-pixel, the sub-pixels in this area are expanded in the vertical direction by the lenticular lens. Since the sub-pixels at points A-1 and B-1 come from points A5-2 and A5-1, respectively, the expansion angles of the light beams after the sub-pixels are opened by the lenticular lens will be different. θ shown in the figure is the common coverage area of ​​the sub-pixel light spots corresponding to the A-1B-1 area. Only when the observer's eyes are within this area can all the display sub-pixels on A-1B-1 be seen. Any point in the area similar to A-2 to B-1 in the figure is covered by two display sub-pixels. Since the two display sub-pixels come from different projection components, the display sub-pixels face different directions after being unidirectionally opened by the cylindrical lens grating. Therefore, as shown in Figure 14, different display sub-pixels need to be selected when the eyes are in different directions relative to the display area to achieve a complete display or a brighter display. As shown in Figure 14, when Eye1 is above the display area, it is necessary to select the projection component to display Pixel-1 at A5-1 so that Eye1 can see the pixel. When Eye2 is in the area directly opposite or below the projection, it is necessary to select the projection component to display Pixel-2 at A5-2 so that Eye2 can see the brighter display sub-pixel.

[0079] From the above analysis, it can be seen that by arranging the projection assembly on an equivalent short trajectory line, different sub-pixels (including sub-pixels on the same projection assembly or different projection assemblies) form different display sub-pixels or different viewing angles of the same display sub-pixel, thereby achieving the display of a complete image. In addition, in the second direction X, the viewing angle is determined by the FOVH of the projection lens. In the above embodiment, if the FOVH of the projection lens is only 84 degrees, then the viewing angle of the light field display system in the second direction X is also only 84 degrees, and the human eye can only see a smaller display area in the second direction X.

[0080] This application proposes a solution for expanding the viewing angle in the second direction X.

[0081] Figure 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a deflection assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application, and Figure 16 is a schematic structural diagram of another light field display system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figures 10, 15 and 16, a deflection assembly 3 is further provided between the one-way scattering film 2 and the multiple display sub-units. The deflection assembly 3 is configured to deflect the outgoing light of the projection assembly in the multiple display sub-units toward the second direction X or the opposite direction when the projection assembly moves on the short track between the fourth track point A4 and the first track point A1, and when the projection assembly moves on the short track between the second track point A2 and the third track point A3.

[0082] For example, when the projection assembly rotates along the short track between the first and second track points A1 and A2, and the short track between the third and fourth track points A3 and A4, it is closer to the fifth and sixth track points A5 and A6, and can be equivalent to moving along the equivalent short track straight line, with the corresponding display area being rectangle Z1. However, when the projection assembly rotates along the short track between the first and fourth track points A1 and A4, and the short track between the second and third track points A2 and A3, it is farther from both the fifth and sixth track points A5 and A6, and the projection surface deviates significantly from rectangle Z1. In this embodiment, the projecting assembly can deflect the emitted light along the short trajectory between the first and fourth trajectory points A1 and A4, and along the short trajectory between the second and third trajectory points A2 and A3, toward the second direction X or the direction opposite to the second direction X. The deflected emitted light forms a large angle between the second direction X and the third direction Z. Therefore, if the deflected light corresponding to the projecting assembly on some display sub-units 1 also passes through the first display sub-pixels, it can provide a display light beam with a larger viewing angle for the first display sub-pixels, thereby providing a viewing angle greater than 84 degrees. When the projecting assembly rotates along the short trajectory between the first and fourth trajectory points A1 and A4, and along the short trajectory between the second and third trajectory points A2 and A3, by controlling the predetermined sub-pixels thereon to emit light, a viewing angle greater than 84 degrees can be provided for the corresponding display sub-pixels in the rectangular area Z1.

[0083] Optionally, Figure 17 is a structural schematic diagram of a deflection unit provided in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figures 15 to 17, the deflection assembly 3 includes a first deflection film and a second deflection film. The first deflection film and the second deflection film are both formed by arranging multiple deflection units 31. The deflection unit 31 is a prism structure consisting of a bottom surface 311, an effective side surface 312 and an invalid side surface 313. The deflection unit 31 is configured to deflect light that is incident on the effective side surface and emitted along the bottom surface in a direction away from the normal corresponding to the bottom surface. The effective side surface and the invalid side surface corresponding to the deflection unit are deflected along the direction of the output light of the corresponding projection assembly. The refractive index of the deflection unit 31 can be set to 1.62. When the angle between the invalid side surface 313 and the effective side surface 312 is 70 degrees, the angle between the effective side surface 312 and the bottom surface 311 is 40 degrees, the angle between the invalid side surface 313 and the bottom surface 311 is 70 degrees, and the length of the bottom surface is 80 μm (considering that the pixel spot size projected onto the deflection film is 1 mm per pixel, there are more than 10 structures under one pixel (that is, the projection spot of one pixel is covered with at least 10 or more tooth-shaped deflection structures as shown in Figure 15), the deflected light beam is relatively uniform, reducing the influence of a single tooth-shaped deflection on the uniformity of the light beam), the light incident on the effective side surface 312 is deflected to a larger angle.

[0084] Optionally, the ineffective side surface 313 of the deflection unit 31 is coated with a light absorbing material, so that light incident on the ineffective side surface 313 does not enter the interior of the deflection unit 31 .

[0085] Alternatively, FIG18 is a schematic diagram illustrating the positional relationship between a deflection assembly and a display subunit according to an embodiment of the present application; FIG19 is a schematic diagram illustrating the positional relationship between two adjacent display subunits located in two adjacent rows in FIG18 and the deflection assembly; FIG20 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a first deflection film according to an embodiment of the present application; and FIG21 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a second deflection film according to an embodiment of the present application. In conjunction with FIG18 and FIG21 , the deflection assembly 3 includes a plurality of first deflection films 32 and a plurality of second deflection films 33. Each row of display subunits arranged along the second direction X corresponds to one first deflection film 32 and one second deflection film 33. A seventh track point A7 and an eighth track point A8 are also defined on the rotation track 111. The line connecting the seventh track point A7 and the eighth track point A8 defines the second diameter of the rotation track 111. The seventh track point A7 is located on the short track 1112 between the first track point A1 and the fourth track point A4, and the eighth track point A8 is located on the short track 1113 between the second track point A2 and the third track point A3. The second diameter is parallel to the second direction X.

[0086] Two adjacent rows of display subunits and the corresponding deflection films form a repeating unit, and the deflection films in the repeating unit are configured to deflect the emitted light of the first projection component of the first row of display subunits (the first row of display subunits from top to bottom in the Z1 area in FIG18 ) when it moves on the short track between the seventh track point A7 and the first track point A1, the emitted light of the first projection component of the first row of display subunits when it moves on the short track between the eighth track point A8 and the second track point A2, the emitted light of the first projection component of the second row of display subunits (the second row of display subunits from top to bottom in the Z1 area in FIG18 ) when it moves on the short track between the third track point A3 and the eighth track point A8, and the emitted light of the first projection component of the second row of display subunits between the fourth track point A4 and the seventh track point A7. The deflection film in the repeating unit is further configured to deflect the emergent light of the first projection component of the second row display subunit when it moves on the short track between the seventh track point A7 and the first track point A1, the emergent light of the first projection component of the second row display subunit when it moves on the short track between the eighth track point A8 and the second track point A2, the emergent light of the first projection component of the first row display subunit when it moves on the short track between the third track point A3 and the eighth track point A8, and the emergent light of the first projection component of the first row display subunit when it moves on the short track between the fourth track point A4 and the seventh track point A7 along the second direction and the other direction opposite to the second direction.

[0087] Exemplarily, the first deflection films and the second deflection films corresponding to the first row of display subunits in the two adjacent rows are configured to deflect the emergent light of the first projection assembly of the first row of display subunits when it moves on the short track between the seventh track point and the first track point, and the emergent light when it moves on the short track between the eighth track point and the second track point, along one of the second direction and a direction opposite to the second direction; and to deflect the emergent light of the first projection assembly of the first row of display subunits when it moves on the short track between the third track point and the eighth track point, and the emergent light when it moves on the short track between the fourth track point and the seventh track point, along the other of the second direction and the direction opposite to the second direction;

[0088] The first deflection films and the second deflection films corresponding to the second row of display subunits in the two adjacent rows are configured to deflect the emergent light of the first projection assembly of the second row of display subunits when it moves on the short track between the third track point and the eighth track point, and the emergent light when it moves on the short track between the fourth track point and the seventh track point, along one direction between the second direction and the direction opposite to the second direction; and to deflect the emergent light of the first projection assembly of the second row of display subunits when it moves on the short track between the seventh track point and the first track point, and the emergent light when it moves on the short track between the eighth track point and the second track point, along the other direction between the second direction and the direction opposite to the second direction.

[0089] Exemplarily, the first deflection film 32 and the second deflection film 33 have the same structure, and only the position of the side surfaces is different in the light field display system. In the light field display system, the bottom surface of the deflection film is located on the side away from the light-emitting surface of the display subunit, and the bottom surface of the deflection film is parallel to the plane of movement of the optical center of the projection assembly. Cross-sections of the deflection film in the first direction Y are shown in Figures 20 and 21. If the effective side surface 312 and the ineffective side surface 313 of one deflection film are arranged along the second direction X (arranged from left to right in the figure), then the light incident on its effective side surface 312 will be deflected in the opposite direction of the second direction X (deflected to the left in the figure); if the effective side surface 312 and the ineffective side surface 313 of the other deflection film are arranged in the opposite direction of the second direction X (arranged from right to left in the figure), then the light incident on its effective side surface 312 will be deflected along the second direction X (deflected to the right in the figure). In FIG19 , two display subunits are provided, namely a first display subunit 51 and a second display subunit 52. The first display unit 51 and the second display unit 52 are located in different rows and are adjacent to each other. From the above analysis, it can be seen that when the first projection assembly in the first display subunit 51 moves along the short trajectory between the first trajectory point A1 and the second trajectory point A2, and the first projection assembly in the second display unit 52 moves along the short trajectory between the third trajectory point A3 and the fourth trajectory point A4, the corresponding display area is the rectangle Z1 shown in FIG9 , and the viewing angle along the second direction X is 84 degrees (which can be understood as -42 degrees to 42 degrees). The deflection film is provided to prevent the outgoing light of the first projection assembly from being deflected when it moves along this portion of the short trajectory. In other words, this portion is responsible for providing the human eye with a viewing angle of -42 degrees to 42 degrees in the second direction X. When the first projection assembly in the first display subunit 51 moves along the short track between the first track point A1 and the seventh track point A7, and along the short track between the second track point A2 and the eighth track point A8, the light emitted by the first projection assembly is deflected toward the second direction X by the second deflection film 33, thereby providing the rectangle Z1 with a viewing angle greater than 84 degrees (i.e., greater than 42 degrees) in the second direction X. When the first projection assembly in the second display subunit 52 moves along the short track between the fourth track point A4 and the seventh track point A7, and along the short track between the third track point A3 and the eighth track point A8, the light emitted by the first projection assembly is deflected toward the second direction X by the second deflection film 33, thereby providing the rectangle Z1 with a viewing angle greater than 84 degrees (i.e., greater than 42 degrees) in the second direction X.When the first projection assembly in the second display subunit 52 moves along the short track between the first track point A1 and the seventh track point A7, and along the short track between the second track point A2 and the eighth track point A8, the light emitted by the first projection assembly is deflected in the direction opposite to the second direction X by the second deflection film 33, thereby providing the rectangle Z1 with a viewing angle greater than 84 degrees (i.e., outside -42 degrees) in the second direction X. When the first projection assembly in the first display subunit 51 moves along the short track between the fourth track point A4 and the seventh track point A7, and along the short track between the third track point A3 and the eighth track point A8, the light emitted by the first projection assembly is deflected in the direction opposite to the second direction X by the second deflection film 33, thereby providing the rectangle Z1 with a viewing angle greater than 84 degrees (i.e., outside -42 degrees) in the direction opposite to the second direction X. As can be seen, the first and second deflection films 32 and 33 enable the corresponding display sub-pixels to be visible across a wide viewing angle range, thereby expanding the viewing angle, increasing the display area, and enhancing the number of viewpoints and continuity. Furthermore, the arrangement of the first and second deflection films in this embodiment ensures that the display projection line intersects the rotational trajectory of the display sub-unit, eliminating the problem of black gaps (missing display pixels).

[0090] In some other embodiments, as shown in Figures 22 and 23, Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between another deflection assembly and a display subunit provided in an embodiment of the present application, and Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between two adjacent display subunits located in two adjacent rows and in Figure 22 and the deflection assembly; the first deflection film 32 is configured to deflect the outgoing light of the first projection assembly when it moves on the short track between the seventh track point A7 and the first track point A1, and when it moves on the short track between the eighth track point A8 and the second track point A2, along one of the second direction X and a direction opposite to the second direction; the second deflection film 33 is configured to deflect the outgoing light of the first projection assembly when it moves on the short track between the third track point A3 and the eighth track point A8, and when it moves on the short track between the fourth track point A4 and the seventh track point A7, along the other of the second direction and the direction opposite to the second direction.

[0091] Exemplarily, the first deflection film 32 and the second deflection film 33 have the same structure, and only the position of the functional surface is different in the light field display system. In the light field display system, the bottom surface of the deflection film is located on the side away from the light-emitting surface of the display subunit, and the bottom surface of the deflection film is parallel to the plane of motion of the optical center of the projection assembly. Cross-sections of the deflection film in the first direction Y are shown in Figures 20 and 21. If the effective side surface 312 and the ineffective side surface 313 of one deflection film are arranged along the second direction X (arranged from left to right in the figure), then light incident on its effective side surface 312 will be deflected in the opposite direction of the second direction X (deflected to the left in the figure); if the effective side surface 312 and the ineffective side surface 313 of the other deflection film are arranged in the opposite direction of the second direction X (arranged from right to left in the figure), then light incident on its effective side surface 312 will be deflected in the second direction X (deflected to the right in the figure). The positions of the first deflection film 32 and the second deflection film 33 in Figure 22 can be interchanged. This embodiment is only schematically illustrated using the positions shown in Figure 22. In FIG23 , two display subunits are provided, namely a first display subunit 51 and a second display subunit 52. The first display unit 51 and the second display unit 52 are located in different rows and are adjacent to each other. From the above analysis, it can be seen that when the first projection assembly in the first display subunit 51 moves along the short trajectory between the first trajectory point A1 and the second trajectory point A2, and the first projection assembly in the second display unit 52 moves along the short trajectory between the third trajectory point A3 and the fourth trajectory point A4, the corresponding display area is the rectangle Z1 shown in FIG9 , and the viewing angle along the second direction X is 84 degrees (which can be understood as -42 degrees to 42 degrees). The deflection film is provided to prevent the outgoing light of the first projection assembly from being deflected when it moves along this portion of the short trajectory. In other words, this portion is responsible for providing the human eye with a viewing angle of -42 degrees to 42 degrees in the second direction X. When the first projection assembly in the first display subunit 51 moves along the short track between the first track point A1 and the seventh track point A7, and along the short track between the second track point A2 and the eighth track point A8, the light emitted by the first projection assembly is deflected toward the direction opposite to the second direction X by the first deflection film 32, thereby providing the rectangle Z1 with a viewing angle greater than 84 degrees (i.e., outside -42 degrees) in the direction opposite to the second direction X. When the first projection assembly in the second display subunit 52 moves along the short track between the fourth track point A4 and the seventh track point A7, and along the short track between the third track point A3 and the eighth track point A8, the light emitted by the first projection assembly is deflected toward the second direction X by the second deflection film 33, thereby providing the rectangle Z1 with a viewing angle greater than 84 degrees (i.e., outside 42 degrees) in the second direction X. It can be seen that the first deflection film 32 and the second deflection film 33 can make the corresponding display sub-pixels visible within a larger viewing angle range, thereby expanding the viewing angle to make the display area larger, increase the number of viewpoints and enhance the continuity of viewpoints.

[0092] In this embodiment, the projection of the first deflection film on the corresponding display subunit along the thickness direction of the light field display system, that is, the third direction Z, can be set to cover the area in the corresponding row of display subunits that overlaps with the projection of the short track between the first track point A1 and the seventh track point A7, and the projection of the short track between the second track point A2 and the eighth track point A8, along the second direction X. Similarly, the projection of the second deflection film on the corresponding display subunit along the thickness direction of the light field display system, that is, the third direction Z, can be set to cover the area in the corresponding row of display subunits that overlaps with the projection of the short track between the fourth track point A4 and the seventh track point A7, and the projection of the short track between the third track point A3 and the eighth track point A8, along the second direction X.

[0093] Optionally, referring to FIG19 , each display subunit further includes at least one second projection assembly, and the rotational trajectory of the second projection assembly is 112. The difference between the distance between any first projection assembly located in the same display subunit and the center of the display subunit and the distance between the second projection assembly and the center of the display subunit is less than or equal to a first preset value. The deflection assembly is further configured to deflect the outgoing light of the second projection assembly in the multiple display subunits toward a second direction or its opposite direction when the second projection assembly moves along its rotational trajectory; at least one second projection assembly is configured to project the outgoing light of its subpixel onto an imaging surface to form a second display subpixel, and the second display subpixel displays the same content as the corresponding first display subpixel, but has a different display viewing angle.

[0094] In this embodiment, the second projection assembly's movement along the short trajectory between the first and fourth trajectory points A1 and A4, and along the short trajectory between the second and third trajectory points A2 and A3, serves the same purpose as the first projection assembly's movement along the short trajectory between the first and fourth trajectory points A1 and A4, and along the short trajectory between the second and third trajectory points A2 and A3: both are intended to enhance the completeness of the luminous angle. The plane of motion of the optical center of the second projection assembly and the plane of motion of the optical center of the first projection assembly can be the same plane or different planes. The projection assembly can be in close contact with the deflection film, and the projection distances between the first and second projection assemblies can also be different. Because the display sub-pixels are farther away from the human eye when viewing the display plane at wide angles, the display sub-pixels at wide angles can be slightly larger, while maintaining the same viewing effect as at narrow angles. Therefore, to reduce costs, the resolution of the display device in the second projection assembly can be different from that of the first projection assembly, and the projection focal plane of the second projection assembly can also be different from that of the first projection assembly. The second projection assembly's rotational trajectory 112 lies completely beneath the projection of the deflection assembly, its projection surface completely deflected by the deflection assembly. The second projection assembly's rotational trajectory 112 is tangent to the boundary of the current display subunit's effective display area (i.e., rectangle Z1), effectively filling any gaps between the display subunits that are horizontally tangent to the second projection assembly. Because the curvature of a large-angle display projection line is relatively large, typically much greater than the radius of curvature of the second projection assembly's rotational trajectory 112, the display projection line is guaranteed to intersect with the rotational trajectory of the projection assembly (including the first and second projection assemblies) at least once within the display subunit's effective display area, ensuring the integrity of the display subpixel's wide-angle luminous angle.

[0095] Optionally, the deflection assembly is close to one side of the projection lens in the projection assembly. When the projection assembly moves into the projection of the deflection assembly along the third direction Z, the imaging light beam can completely pass through the deflection assembly before forming an image.

[0096] Optionally, the deflection assembly is installed as close to the projection lens as possible without interfering with the movement of the projection assembly.

[0097] In some other embodiments, as shown in Figure 24, Figure 24 is a structural schematic diagram of another light field display system provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein the light field display system further includes a linear Fresnel diaphragm 80, which is arranged between the multiple display sub-units and the one-way scattering film 2; along the second direction X, the linear Fresnel diaphragm 80 is provided with two edge areas K11 and a central area K12 located between the edge areas K11; the size of each edge area K11 is larger than the size of the central area K12; the second direction X is perpendicular to the first direction Y; in each edge area K11, a side of the linear Fresnel diaphragm 80 close to the multiple display sub-units includes a plurality of tooth structures 801, and the plurality of tooth structures 801 extend along the first direction Y; and in each edge area K11, the slopes of the plurality of tooth structures 801 are equal or gradually increase along the direction from the central area K12 to each edge area K11.

[0098] In this embodiment, a deflection film is not required. Instead, a linear Fresnel film 80 is provided to expand the viewing angle in the second direction X. The linear Fresnel film 80 is disposed between the honeycomb structure 13 composed of multiple display subunits and the unidirectional scattering film 2. Multiple tooth-like structures 801 are arranged along the second direction X and extend along the first direction Y (not shown in FIG. 24 ). The size of the central region K12 along the second direction X can be set to be less than 1% of the size of the linear Fresnel film 80. The principle of expanding the viewing angle in this embodiment is as follows: the light emitted by the display subunit passes through the linear Fresnel film 80 and the unidirectional scattering film 2 in sequence. In the edge area K11, when the emitted light hits the toothed structure 801 on the linear Fresnel film 80, it is refracted, causing the viewing angle corresponding to the display subunit to change, and its viewing angle is deflected toward the central area K12. For example, the two viewing angles indicated at the edge in Figure 24 are both deflected toward the center. Compared with the case where both viewing angles are not deflected, the common area formed by the viewing angle corresponding to the central area (the thick solid line in the figure) (i.e., the overlapping area of ​​the three viewing angles) becomes larger, thereby allowing all display subunits to be seen within a larger viewing angle range, thereby expanding the viewing angle. Furthermore, the slopes of the tooth structures 801 can all be set to be the same, which can reduce design difficulty. Alternatively, the slopes of multiple tooth structures 801 can be different. For example, the tooth structures farther away from the center area have a larger slope, which correspondingly causes the viewing angle to deviate more toward the center area. This allows each tooth structure to deflect the viewing angle into a larger common area, resulting in a larger overlapping area of ​​viewing angles corresponding to all display subunits. For example, when the linear Fresnel membrane is not provided, viewpoint Q1 can see all display subunits, but viewpoint Q2 cannot see the rightmost display subunit, and viewpoint Q3 cannot see the leftmost display unit. However, after the linear Fresnel membrane is provided, viewpoints Q1, Q2, and Q3 can all see all display subunits.

[0099] In the above embodiment, the portion of the linear Fresnel diaphragm 80 located in the central area K12 may optionally be provided with no tooth structure, thereby preventing the viewing angle corresponding to the central area from being deflected. Alternatively, a tooth structure with a very small slope (e.g., an angle with the second direction X of less than 1°) may be provided. In the above embodiment, each display subunit may include only the first projection assembly, without the second projection assembly. Using the linear Fresnel diaphragm 80 to achieve the viewing angle expansion function reduces costs compared to using the second projection assembly to expand the viewing angle. Furthermore, the need for a deflection film can be eliminated, further reducing costs. The tooth structure may be planar or curved, and this embodiment does not specifically limit this.

[0100] Optionally, Figure 25 is a structural schematic diagram of another light field display system provided in an embodiment of the present application, and Figure 26 is a principle diagram of a reflector for expanding the viewing angle provided in an embodiment of the present application. Combined with Figures 2, 25 and 26, the light field display system further includes a reflector 6; along the second direction X; the reflector 6 is arranged on at least one side of the multiple display sub-units.

[0101] For a display subunit located at the edge of the display subunit array, when the projection assembly thereon moves to the edge of the array, the light it emits may have a portion directed toward a portion other than the imaging surface 14. By providing a reflector 6, this portion of light is reflected to the first display subpixel P on the imaging surface, thereby providing the first display subpixel P with a larger viewing angle, thereby ensuring the integrity of the viewing angle of the pixels at the edge of the array. In Figure 26, L3 is an equivalent short trajectory straight line, and the dotted line to the left of the equivalent short trajectory straight line L3 is the virtual image formed by the equivalent short trajectory straight line L3. Based on a display area of ​​900mm*1350mm and a display subpixel of 0.65mm, the display resolution of the light field display system is 1384*2076. Optionally, a reflector can be provided on both sides of the display subunit along the second direction X.

[0102] Optionally, Figure 27 is a structural schematic diagram of another light field display system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 27, the light field display system also includes a human eye position tracking component 7, which is electrically connected to the control component; the control component is configured to control the corresponding sub-pixel display according to the human eye position information feedback from the human eye tracking component.

[0103] The light field display system can be calibrated before display. During calibration, all viewpoints along a horizontal line in space (i.e., a line extending along the second direction X) are corrected, and the displayed sub-pixels are determined for each viewpoint. When the lenticular grating's open spot is vertical, the viewer's view of the image remains intact when they move forward, backward, left, or right relative to the viewpoint on the line. However, when the grating's open spot is curved, the image seen by the viewer changes as they move relative to the calibration line. For display sub-pixels with relatively small viewing angles, the flow pattern of the lenticular grating's open spot is essentially the same, but the image seen by the viewer will be distorted. For display sub-pixels with relatively large viewing angles, the light beam first passes through the deflection component and then through the lenticular grating. The beam shape is significantly different from that of the direct lenticular grating opening, and the projection component may be transformed, resulting in a sudden change in the beam shape. When the viewer deviates from the calibration viewpoint, the displayed image may have black gaps. Therefore, when viewing a light field display at a narrow viewing angle, the eye position tracking component 7 can be omitted. When viewing the light field display system with a wide field of view, the eye position tracking component 7 is required to feedback the eye position to the control component, and the displayed sub-pixels are adjusted in real time according to the eye position to achieve a complete light field display with a wide viewing angle and no distortion.

[0104] Optionally, the eye tracking component includes an infrared fill light and a camera. The infrared fill light is configured to prevent the camera from being unable to identify the eye when the ambient light is low, thereby preventing the camera from failing to recognize the eye or inaccurately identifying the eye position. In this embodiment, after the eye tracking component determines the eye position, a software correction method can be used to determine which sub-pixel, at which angle, emitted light to illuminate the pixel display at which position on the imaging surface.

[0105] As shown in Figure 27, the eye position tracking assembly includes two cameras mounted near the lenticular lens, facing in two directions, namely, a first camera 71 and a second camera 72. The second camera 72 is configured to detect the eye position when the eye is at a certain distance from the screen. The second camera 72, located at a certain distance from the screen, is closer to the eye and has a higher resolution for the eye, allowing for very accurate eye position detection. When the eye is closer to the screen, the second camera 72 cannot detect the eye. The first camera 71 determines the eye position by detecting the infrared reflective film on the lenticular lens. Another function of the first camera 71 is to detect and calibrate the display sub-pixels on the imaging surface. It is understood that the field of view of the first camera 71 is toward the imaging surface, while the field of view of the second camera 72 is in the opposite direction of the first camera 71.

[0106] Furthermore, light field display systems require regular calibration during use to prevent parameter fluctuations. Calibration involves determining the set of parameters required to display a full-resolution (full-screen) image at a specific, known viewing position. These parameters are then used to drive multiple display subunits, determining the corresponding display subunit for each image point in the full-screen display, the corresponding display orientation angle on each subunit, and the display timing.

[0107] Optionally, the light field display system further includes a camera module whose field of view is directed toward the multiple display sub-units. The eye position tracking component and the correction module are both connected to the camera module, and the camera module is configured to provide image information to the correction module and the eye position tracking component. In this embodiment, the camera module includes a first camera 71 and a second camera 72.

[0108] For example, the camera module can be a camera. When the camera module is facing the multiple display sub-units, the eye position tracking component and the correction module can share a single camera. The image information captured by the camera can be used by the eye position tracking component to track the eye position, or by the correction module to perform parameter correction. By sharing the camera, the number of cameras required can be reduced, thereby reducing the cost of the light field display system.

[0109] Optionally, Figure 28 is a structural schematic diagram of another light field display system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 28, the light-emitting surface of the one-way scattering film 2 is sequentially provided with a quarter-wave plate 81, a polarizer 82, an anti-reflection film 83 and an infrared reflective film 84.

[0110] Quarter-wave plate 81, polarizer 82, and anti-reflection film 83 are used to reduce the effects of ambient light and improve display contrast. Infrared reflective film 84 reflects infrared light while having high transmittance for visible light, enabling mirror-like imaging of objects that scatter infrared light. When an infrared fill light located in front of the screen illuminates the human eye, the camera can see the image of the eye through the infrared reflective film and thus detect the position of the pupil.

[0111] In addition, when the display light poles are spliced ​​into a curved screen, each membrane can be a flexible membrane to match the curved screen.

[0112] The present application also provides a display method for a light field display system, as shown in FIG29 , which is a flow chart of a display method for a light field display system provided by the present application. The display method includes:

[0113] Step S110, determining parameters required for the light field display system to display an image at a preset display resolution;

[0114] Step S120 : determining display sub-pixels, display positions, and display times of a plurality of display sub-units included in the light field display system according to the parameters.

[0115] For example, after determining a complete set of parameters required for display at a specific viewing position through a calibration module or external data transmission (which can be sent to the control component in the form of a parameter table), the control component can use these parameters to determine multiple parameters required for display of each display subunit, such as display time and display grayscale, and thus control the rotation speed of each display subunit. The specific display method of the light field display system can be referred to the description of the light field display system in this application and will not be repeated here. The display method of the light field display system of this application has multiple and continuous viewpoints.

[0116] Optionally, the display method of the light field display system further includes determining the subpixels, display positions, and display times of the display subunits based on the parameters and eye position information fed back by the eye tracking component. When an eye tracking component is required, multiple parameters required for display by the display subunits are determined based on the eye position information fed back by the eye tracking component.

Claims

1. A light field display system, comprising: A plurality of display sub-units, wherein the plurality of display sub-units are arranged in a honeycomb shape, each of the display sub-units comprises a circular rotating structure and at least one first projection assembly disposed on an edge of the rotating structure, each first projection assembly comprises a plurality of sub-pixels, and the at least one first projection assembly is configured to project the outgoing light of the sub-pixels in the at least one first projection assembly along a preset direction onto an imaging surface to form a first display sub-pixel; A one-way scattering film is arranged on one side of the light-emitting surface of at least one display subunit, and the one-way scattering film is arranged to expand the emitted light of at least one display subunit along a first direction; The control component is built in the rotating structure and electrically connected to at least one display sub-unit, and is configured to control the rotation of the rotating structure and control the display of at least one sub-pixel.

2. The light field display system according to claim 1, further comprising a display, wherein the display comprises a plurality of display light poles arranged along the second direction, each display light pole comprising a plurality of the display sub-units arranged along the first direction; the plurality of the display light poles are arranged to form the plurality of display sub-units in the honeycomb shape; In the same display lamp pole, the angle between the line connecting the centers of two adjacent display sub-units and the first direction is 30 degrees; and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

3. The light field display system according to claim 1, wherein: The single-direction scattering film includes a lenticular grating, and the lenticular grating includes a plurality of cylindrical lenses arranged along a first direction and extending along a second direction; the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

4. The light field display system according to claim 1, wherein: The rotation trajectory of each first projection component includes a first trajectory point, a second trajectory point, a third trajectory point and a fourth trajectory point; the angle between the line connecting each of the trajectory points and the center of the rotation trajectory and the first diameter of the rotation trajectory is a preset angle, and the first diameter is parallel to the first direction; the first trajectory point and the fourth trajectory point are located on the first side of the first diameter, the second trajectory point and the third trajectory point are located on the second side of the first diameter, the first trajectory point is adjacent to the second trajectory point, and the fourth trajectory point is adjacent to the third trajectory point; the preset angle is greater than or equal to 30 degrees; A deflection component is also arranged between the one-way scattering film and the multiple display sub-units, and the deflection component is configured to deflect the outgoing light of the first projection component when it moves on a short track between the fourth track point and the first track point, and when it moves on a short track between the second track point and the third track point, toward a second direction or a direction opposite to the second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

5. The light field display system according to claim 4, wherein: The deflection assembly includes a plurality of first deflection films and a plurality of second deflection films; a row of the display subunits arranged along the second direction corresponds to a first deflection film and a second deflection film; and the first deflection films and the second deflection films corresponding to the display subunits in different rows arranged along the second direction are arranged in the same order; the rotation track also includes a seventh track point and an eighth track point, a line between the seventh track point and the eighth track point is a second diameter of the rotation track, the seventh track point is located on a short track between the first track point and the fourth track point, the eighth track point is located on a short track between the second track point and the third track point, and the second diameter is parallel to the second direction; Two adjacent rows of display subunits and the first deflection films and the second deflection films corresponding to each row of display subunits form a repeating unit; The first deflection film and the second deflection film corresponding to the first row of display subunits in the two adjacent rows of display subunits are configured to deflect the emergent light of the first projection assembly of the first row of display subunits when it moves on the short track between the seventh track point and the first track point, and the emergent light of the first projection assembly of the first row of display subunits when it moves on the short track between the eighth track point and the second track point, in one of the second direction and the direction opposite to the second direction; deflecting the outgoing light of the first projection assembly of the first row of display subunits when it moves on the short track between the third track point and the eighth track point, and the outgoing light when it moves on the short track between the fourth track point and the seventh track point, along the other of the second direction and the direction opposite to the second direction; The first deflection film and the second deflection film corresponding to the second row of display subunits in the two adjacent rows are configured to deflect the emergent light of the first projection component of the second row of display subunits when it moves on the short track between the third track point and the eighth track point, and the emergent light when it moves on the short track between the fourth track point and the seventh track point along one direction between the second direction and the direction opposite to the second direction; and to deflect the emergent light of the first projection component of the second row of display subunits when it moves on the short track between the seventh track point and the first track point, and the emergent light when it moves on the short track between the eighth track point and the second track point along the other direction between the second direction and the direction opposite to the second direction.

6. The light field display system according to claim 5, wherein: Each of the plurality of first deflection films and the plurality of second deflection films comprises a plurality of deflection units, each deflection unit is a prism comprising an effective side surface, an ineffective side surface and a bottom surface, the bottom surface is parallel to the light exiting surfaces of the plurality of display sub-units, and the first deflection films and the second deflection films are further configured to deflect the light incident on the effective side surface and emitted from the bottom surface in a direction away from a normal line corresponding to the bottom surface; The effective side surface and the invalid side surface corresponding to the first deflection film or the second deflection film are arranged along the deflection direction of the output light of the first projection assembly in the corresponding display subunit; the effective side surface and the invalid side surface of the first deflection film and the effective side surface and the invalid side surface of the second deflection film are respectively composed of a plurality of deflection units formed in different arrangement methods.

7. The light field display system according to claim 4, wherein: Each display subunit further comprises at least one second projection assembly, and the difference between the distance between any one of the first projection assemblies located in the same display subunit and the center of the circle of the display subunit and the distance between any one of the second projection assemblies located in the same display subunit and the center of the circle of the display subunit is less than or equal to a first preset value, and the deflection assembly is further configured to deflect the emitted light of the second projection assemblies in the plurality of display subunits when they move on their own rotational trajectories toward a second direction or a direction opposite to the second direction; The at least one second projection component is configured to project the output light of its own sub-pixel onto the imaging surface to form a second display sub-pixel; the display viewing angle of the second display sub-pixel is greater than the display viewing angle of the first display sub-pixel.

8. The light field display system according to claim 1, further comprising a linear Fresnel membrane, wherein the linear Fresnel membrane is disposed between the plurality of display sub-units and the one-way scattering film; Along the second direction, the linear Fresnel membrane is provided with two edge areas and a central area between the two edge areas, and the size of each edge area is larger than the size of the central area; the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; In each edge region, a side of the linear Fresnel film close to the multiple display sub-units includes a plurality of tooth-like structures, and the plurality of tooth-like structures extend along the first direction; and in each edge region, along the direction from the central region to each edge region, the slopes of the plurality of tooth-like structures are equal or gradually increase.

9. The light field display system according to claim 1, further comprising a reflector; along a second direction, the reflector is disposed on at least one side of the plurality of display sub-units; and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

10. The light field display system according to claim 1, wherein: Each display subunit includes 2n first projection components, and the 2n first projection components are opposite to each other in the radial direction of each display subunit; the distances from any two adjacent or opposite first projection components to the center of each display subunit are different and less than a second preset value; n is a positive integer.

11. The light field display system according to claim 10, wherein: Each first projection assembly on each display subunit includes a plurality of monochrome display devices, each monochrome display device includes sub-pixels of the same luminous color, and the luminous colors of the sub-pixels on different monochrome display devices in the same first projection assembly are different; along the rotation direction of the rotating structure of each display subunit, the arrangement order of the plurality of monochrome display devices in the first projection assembly in each display subunit is the same.

12. The light field display system according to claim 1 or 10, wherein: Each first projection assembly on each display sub-unit includes a multi-color display device, and the multi-color display device includes sub-pixels of multiple different luminous colors.

13. The light field display system according to claim 1, wherein: The light emitting surface of the one-way scattering film is provided with a quarter wave plate, a linear polarizing plate, a visible light anti-reflection film and an infrared reflection film in sequence.

14. The light field display system according to claim 1, further comprising a correction module, wherein the correction module is configured to determine parameters required for the light field display system to display an image at a preset resolution according to a viewing position, wherein the parameters include a display direction angle and a display time of a display subunit corresponding to the displayed image.

15. The light field display system according to claim 14, further comprising a human eye position tracking component, wherein the human eye position tracking component is configured to determine human eye position information, and the human eye position tracking component is electrically connected to the control component; The control component is configured to control the sub-pixel display in the corresponding display sub-unit according to the human eye position information fed back by the human eye position tracking component.

16. The light field display system according to claim 15 further includes a camera module, the field of view of the camera module is toward the multiple display sub-units, the human eye position tracking component and the correction module are both connected to the camera module, and the camera module is configured to provide image information for the correction module and the human eye position tracking component.

17. The light field display system according to claim 1, wherein: The multiple display sub-units form a plane or a curved surface.

18. The light field display system according to claim 1, wherein: The rotating structure comprises a shell, and the control component is located in the shell.

19. A display method of a light field display system, comprising: Determining parameters required for a light field display system to display an image at a preset display resolution; Determining display sub-pixels, display positions, and display times of a plurality of display sub-units included in the light field display system according to the parameters; Wherein, the light field display system is the light field display system according to any one of claims 1-18.

20. The display method of the light field display system according to claim 19, further comprising: Determine the human eye position information; wherein the human eye position information is obtained by a human eye position tracking component, and the human eye position tracking component is electrically connected to the control component; The determining, according to the parameters, the display sub-pixels, the display positions and the display times of the plurality of display sub-units comprises: The display sub-pixels, display positions and display times of the multiple display sub-units are determined according to the parameters and the human eye position information.

Images