New crane

Abstract

A new crane, the crane being provided with a lattice boom unit (3) and a box-type telescopic boom unit (4), wherein the box-type telescopic boom unit (4) serves as a mast. A winch system of the crane comprises a first hoisting winch (6), a variable-amplitude winch (7) and a second hoisting winch (8), wherein a steel wire rope led out from the first hoisting winch (6) is led to the top of the lattice boom unit (3) and is wound around a main lifting hook (10) to be used as a main hoisting system; and a steel wire rope led out from the second hoisting winch (8) is led to the top of the box-type telescopic boom unit (4) and is wound around an auxiliary lifting hook (11) to be used as an auxiliary hoisting system. The crane integrates a lattice boom crane and a telescopic boom crane, and can adapt to different engineering requirements; in addition, the crane can be used as a lattice boom crane or a telescopic boom crane on the basis of requirements, and can also have the hoisting functions of both the lattice boom crane and the telescopic boom crane at the same time, thereby improving the boom lifting capacity of the whole crane and the apparatus utilization rate, and reducing procurement and operation costs.

Description

A new type of crane Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of cranes, and in particular to a new type of crane. Background Art

[0002] Crawler cranes are crawler-tracked lifting machines used for lifting and hoisting. They can perform operations such as material lifting, transportation, loading and unloading, and installation. With the acceleration of my country's urbanization and rapid economic development, the scale of national infrastructure construction is expanding, and the weight and lifting height of objects to be hoisted are increasing. Crawler cranes are increasingly demonstrating their superiority and have experienced rapid development.

[0003] With the continuous development of large-scale construction projects, the coverage of equipment lifting on a project or site often requires multiple units and models of lifting equipment due to the different weights, dimensions, and lifting heights of different equipment or objects. However, from an operational economic perspective, it is often desirable to have as few equipment as possible on site, with high utilization rates and low idle rates. Furthermore, construction efficiency is a critical technical indicator in engineering applications. It is generally desirable to use standard working conditions with high installation efficiency to reduce the time required to disassemble and assemble the superlift system. However, standard working conditions limit the capabilities of the variable-length system, making long-arm lifting difficult, which limits the maximum boom length and prevents the full lifting capacity of the entire machine from being realized. Simply addressing this issue by increasing component capacity would significantly increase the R&D cycle and costs, whether developing new products or reworking existing ones.

[0004] Conventional crawler cranes come in two types: box-type and lattice. Box-type telescopic boom cranes feature a box-shaped boom structure with multiple internal booms. These booms are retracted and extended using cylinders or ropes, allowing for varying boom lengths. The boom pitch is controlled by a luffing cylinder. Lattice boom cranes have a fixed-length mast. The mast, pull plate, and boom form a fixed triangle. The boom pitch is varied by a luffing system that rotates the mast.

[0005] Lattice boom cranes offer advantages such as high lifting capacity and long boom combinations, and are primarily used for applications requiring high lifting loads and high working heights. However, changing the boom length is cumbersome and requires increasing or decreasing the boom. Telescopic boom cranes, on the other hand, do not require changing the boom length and can be adjusted within a certain range by telescoping. However, their lifting capacity and lifting height are relatively small. Both conventional cranes are suitable for different lifting scenarios, depending on their characteristics.

[0006] The luffing system of a lattice boom crane consists of a mast, luffing winch, luffing pulley block, and luffing wire rope. The luffing pulley block is installed at the rear of the turntable and connected to the mast head via the luffing wire rope. A key indicator of the luffing system's capacity is the luffing torque: luffing torque = luffing force × lever arm (L). Under the same conditions, a larger lever arm requires less force, allowing the main luffing system's capacity to be appropriately reduced, helping to reduce overall machine cost.

[0007] Compared to a boom system, the mast and boom are connected by a tie plate or cable. The ability to raise the boom system is calculated as follows: tie plate force x lever arm (A). Under the same conditions, a larger lever arm requires less force, allowing for smaller tie plate sizes and specifications, which helps reduce overall machine costs.

[0008] From the above analysis, we can see that when external conditions are constant, the larger the lever arm, the stronger the lifting capacity. If you want to increase the lever arm, lengthening the mast is a good solution. This is also the traditional practice at present. To increase the lifting capacity, the mast length is lengthened.

[0009] From a structural perspective, the two crane types offer distinct characteristics, requiring only one crane type to meet specific work scenarios. Large projects often require both crane types, leading to higher overall operating costs.

[0010] In terms of detailed structure, the mast of a conventional lattice boom crane is an integral structure with a fixed length. At the beginning of the design, a mast of a certain length is designed according to the requirements of the entire machine. This leads to the following problems:

[0011] 1) Due to transportation restrictions, the mast length cannot be infinite:

[0012] Crawler cranes are designed for large-scale lifting operations. They have numerous and heavy components, requiring them to be disassembled and transported on flatbed trucks before being reassembled at another construction site. Due to road transport regulations, component weight and size cannot be infinitely increased, and therefore, mast length cannot be infinitely long either.

[0013] 2) The lifting pressure of the fixed-length mast lifting cylinder is high:

[0014] The mast structure of an ultra-large crawler crane is heavy, especially after being lengthened. Its center of gravity will move closer to the head, increasing the lifting pressure of the mast lifting cylinder and making the mast root structure subjected to worse stress. On the other hand, the increased lifting pressure causes the cylinder diameter of the lifting cylinder to increase, which increases the cost of the cylinder and places higher requirements on the space inside the turntable.

[0015] 3) The length of the luffing wire rope is lengthened, and the size and specifications of the luffing winch are enlarged:

[0016] When connecting the boom pull plate or cable, in order to facilitate the connection, the mast will be lowered as much as possible towards the main arm. If the mast is long, the length of the luffing wire rope will increase, which will bring about a series of related supporting parts problems such as the increase in the size of the luffing winch. The longer the luffing wire rope is, the more layers it will wrap around the luffing drum, and the risk of rope strangulation will also increase accordingly.

[0017] Therefore, it is necessary to develop new types of cranes in a targeted manner to adapt to different engineering needs. At the same time, one product can be used as a lattice boom crane or a telescopic boom crane (box type) as needed, and it can also have the lifting functions of both a lattice crane and a telescopic boom crane.

[0018] Summary of the Invention

[0019] Purpose of the invention: In view of the shortcomings and defects of the existing technology, the present invention provides a new type of crane, which integrates a lattice boom crane and a telescopic boom crane (box type), and can adapt to different engineering needs. At the same time, one product can be used as a lattice boom crane or a telescopic boom crane as needed, and can also have the lifting functions of a lattice boom crane and a telescopic boom crane at the same time; improve the arm lifting capacity of the whole machine, that is, increase the force arm when lifting the boom; improve the equipment utilization rate of crane users and reduce procurement and operating costs.

[0020] Technical solution: A new type of crane of the present invention is characterized in that: the crane is provided with a truss boom and a box-type telescopic boom, and the box-type telescopic boom serves as a mast; the hoisting system of the crane includes a first lifting winch, a luffing winch and a second lifting winch, the wire rope led out from the first lifting winch goes to the top of the truss boom, is wound around the main hook and is used as the main lifting system, and the wire rope led out from the second lifting winch goes to the top of the box-type telescopic boom, is wound around the auxiliary hook and is used as the auxiliary lifting system.

[0021] The box-type telescopic boom comprises a base, a basic section and a telescopic section. The box-type telescopic boom is connected to the turntable via the base, and the telescopic section is telescopic relative to the basic section.

[0022] Among them, a luffing pulley group and a hoisting pulley group are provided below the upper part of the telescopic joint. The luffing wire rope led out from the luffing winch passes through the luffing pulley group and is wound between the main luffing pulley groups. The angle of the box-type telescopic boom is changed by retracting and extending the luffing wire rope.

[0023] Among them, the steel wire rope led out from the second lifting winch passes through the guide pulley above the head of the box-type telescopic boom and is wound between the lifting pulley block and the auxiliary hook, and is used as an auxiliary lifting system.

[0024] The base is connected to one end of the luffing cylinder, and the other end of the luffing cylinder is connected to the foundation section. The angle of the box-type telescopic boom is changed by contraction of the luffing cylinder.

[0025] Wherein, the turntable is located above the chassis of the crane.

[0026] Wherein, the second hoisting winch adopts the original tower arm luffing winch of the crane.

[0027] Among them, the length of the box-type telescopic boom is steplessly adjusted, thereby adjusting the angle of the triangle formed by the box-type telescopic boom, the main luffing wire rope and the turntable, as well as the triangle formed by the box-type telescopic boom, the pull plate and the truss boom.

[0028] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: The present invention combines a lattice boom crane with a box-type telescopic boom crane, and the whole can realize the functions of two cranes at the same time, and the cost does not increase much. The multi-purpose crane has high operating efficiency during double-hook operation. The whole can be transformed and used in combination according to project requirements, which can effectively improve the user's equipment utilization rate, manage fewer equipment models, simplify maintenance and operation, and improve the user's operating economy. The mast length can be adjusted steplessly to improve the force of each component, especially the main boom system and the pull plate force, and at the same time meet the requirements of the whole machine for a long mast when using a large arm and a short mast when transporting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lattice boom crane in the prior art;

[0030] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a force system analysis of a lattice boom crane in the prior art;

[0031] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixed-length mast in the prior art;

[0032] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a box-type telescopic boom of the present invention;

[0034] FIG6 is a diagram showing the present invention in use as a lattice boom crane;

[0035] FIG7 is a diagram showing the present invention in use as a box-type telescopic boom crane;

[0036] In the figure, 1 is the chassis; 2 is the turntable; 3 is the truss arm frame; 4 is the box-type telescopic arm frame; 5 is the pull plate; 6 is the first lifting winch; 7 is the luffing winch; 8 is the second lifting winch; 9 is the main luffing pulley group; 10 is the main hook; 11 is the auxiliary hook; 41 is the base; 42 is the foundation section; 43 is the telescopic section; 44 is the luffing pulley group; 45 is the lifting pulley group; 46 is the guide pulley; and 47 is the luffing cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0038] The crawler crane of the present invention refers to a mobile crane in which the lifting operating part is mounted on a crawler chassis and travels by means of a crawler device. A truss boom refers to a boom structured by a rod system formed by connecting profiles or composite cross-section rods. A box boom refers to a boom structured by a plate system formed or connected by forming or connecting plates with a closed hollow cross-section. The luffing device refers to the mechanism that provides power to enable the boom to complete lifting operations at different working angles, or to lift the main boom to the working position during the installation of the crawler crane. The luffing pulley block refers to the member around which the luffing wire rope is wound to perform the luffing operation. The cable refers to the member that connects the luffing pulley block to the tail of the turntable; the member that connects the main boom head to the mast head. The luffing wire rope is wound between the luffing pulley block and the luffing winch mechanism to transmit the tension of the winch mechanism. The mast refers to the member that is hinged to the turntable, and the luffing wire rope passes through the pulley block at its head to enable the main boom to change its luffing. The main boom refers to the member that is hinged to the turntable, used to support load lifting, and can change its luffing.

[0039] As shown in Figure 4, the chassis 1 and turntable 2 are similar to those of a conventional crane. Compared to a conventional crane, it includes both a lattice boom 3 and a box-type telescopic boom 4. The composition and function of the lattice boom 3 are the same as those of a conventional crawler crane, while the box-type telescopic boom 4 serves as a mast. The hoisting system includes a first hoisting winch 6, a luffing winch 7, and a second hoisting winch 8. The wire rope in the first hoisting winch 6 is routed to the top of the lattice boom 3 and wound around the main hook 10, serving as the primary lifting system. The wire rope in the second hoisting winch 8 is routed to the top of the box-type telescopic boom 4 and wound around the auxiliary hook 11, serving as the auxiliary lifting system.

[0040] The second lifting winch 8 does not necessarily need to be added. In actual practice, the crane has a variety of winches depending on the working conditions. Other winches can be used instead, and a tower arm luffing winch (the tower arm working condition is the conventional working condition of a truss crane) can be used instead.

[0041] As shown in Figure 5, the mast's overall structure is a box-type telescopic structure, consisting of a base section 42, several telescopic sections 43, and a base 41, which is integrally connected to the turntable 2 via the base 41. The telescopic sections 43 can be extended and retracted relative to the base section 42 to extend the mast's length. The number of telescopic sections 43 and the specific length of extension can be determined based on the specific product. The telescopic principle is the same as that of the box-type boom of current truck cranes. A luffing pulley block 44 and a lifting pulley block 45 are located below and above the telescopic section 43. The luffing wire rope from the luffing winch 7 passes through the luffing pulley block 44 and winds around the main luffing pulley block 9. The mast's angle is changed by retracting and extending the luffing wire rope. Simultaneously, the wire rope from the second hoisting winch 8 passes through the guide pulley 46 above the head of the box-type telescopic boom 4 and winds between the lifting pulley block 45 and the auxiliary hook 11, serving as an auxiliary lifting system. One end of the luffing cylinder 47 is arranged on the base 41 , and the other end is arranged on the foundation section 42 . The mast angle can also be changed by contracting the luffing cylinder 47 .

[0042] During the working process (including raising the arm), the length of the mast can be adjusted steplessly according to actual needs to ensure that the angles between the triangle formed by the mast, main luffing wire rope and turntable, and the triangle formed by the mast, pull plate and truss arm are appropriate, ensuring that the component force of the whole machine is in a relatively optimal range.

[0043] When the entire crane is in operation, the configuration shown in Figure 4 can be used, simultaneously operating both the main hook and auxiliary hook. Based on the characteristics of the two booms described above, the main hook is primarily used for lifting large, heavy, and tall objects, while the auxiliary hook is primarily used for lifting small objects. The main and auxiliary hooks can also be used independently. Figure 6 shows a single main hook operation. In this case, the crane operates in the same manner as a conventional lattice boom crane. The auxiliary hook and wire rope can be removed, and the telescopic section can be retracted to its minimum, reducing the overall crane's turning radius. Figure 7 shows a single auxiliary hook operation. In this case, the crane operates in the same manner as a conventional box-type telescopic boom crane. Components such as the lattice boom can be removed. The overall crane is lightweight, reducing operational and transportation costs.

[0044] The present invention combines a lattice boom crane with a box-type telescopic boom crane, and the whole can simultaneously realize the functions of two cranes without much increase in cost. The multi-purpose crane has high operating efficiency when operating with double hooks. The whole can be transformed and combined according to project requirements, which can effectively improve the utilization rate of user equipment, manage fewer equipment models, simplify maintenance and operation, and improve user operation economy. The mast length can be adjusted steplessly to improve the stress of each component, especially the top boom system and the pull plate force, and at the same time meet the requirements of the whole machine for a long mast when using a large arm and a short mast when transporting.

Claims

1. A new type of crane, characterized by: The crane is provided with a truss boom frame (3) and a box-type telescopic boom frame (4), wherein the box-type telescopic boom frame (4) serves as a mast; the hoisting system of the crane comprises a first hoisting winch (6), a luffing winch (7) and a second hoisting winch (8), wherein a steel wire rope led out from the first hoisting winch (6) runs to the top of the truss boom frame (3), is wound around a main hook (10) and is used as a main lifting system, and a steel wire rope led out from the second hoisting winch (8) runs to the top of the box-type telescopic boom frame (4), is wound around an auxiliary hook (11) and is used as an auxiliary lifting system.

2. The new crane according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The box-type telescopic boom (4) comprises a base (41), a basic section (42) and a telescopic section (43). The box-type telescopic boom (4) is connected to the turntable (2) via the base (41), and the telescopic section (43) is telescopic relative to the basic section (42).

3. The new crane according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A luffing pulley block (44) and a weight-lifting pulley block (45) are arranged below the upper part of the telescopic joint (43). The luffing steel wire rope drawn from the luffing winch (7) passes through the luffing pulley block (44) and is wound around the main luffing pulley block (9). The angle of the box-type telescopic boom (4) is changed by retracting and extending the luffing steel wire rope.

4. The new crane according to claim 3 is characterized by: The steel wire rope led out from the second lifting winch (8) passes through the guide pulley (46) above the head of the box-type telescopic boom (4) and is wound between the lifting pulley block (45) and the auxiliary hook (11) to be used as an auxiliary lifting system.

5. The new crane according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The base (41) is connected to one end of the luffing cylinder (47), and the other end of the luffing cylinder (47) is connected to the base section (42). The angle of the box-type telescopic boom (4) is changed by contraction of the luffing cylinder (47).

6. The new crane according to claim 1 is characterized by: The turntable (2) is located above the chassis (1) of the crane.

7. The new crane according to claim 1 is characterized by: The second hoisting winch (8) adopts the original tower arm luffing winch of the crane.

8. The novel crane according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: By steplessly adjusting the length of the box-type telescopic boom (4), the angle of the triangle formed by the box-type telescopic boom (4), the main luffing wire rope and the turntable (2), and the angle of the triangle formed by the box-type telescopic boom (4), the pull plate (5) and the truss boom (3) are adjusted.

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