Storage battery system

Abstract

In a storage battery system 10 according to the present disclosure, a controller (140) compares the temperature of exhaust air supplied to an exhaust aisle, said temperature being outputted by an exhaust aisle temperature sensor (163), with an outside air temperature outputted by an outside air temperature sensor (160), determines whether to perform cooling with the exhaust air supplied to the exhaust aisle or to perform cooling by drawing in outside air, controls the amount of outside air from a cool aisle and the amount of exhaust air from the hot aisle by means of air conditioning equipment, and supplies the air to a power conversion unit (120).

Description

Battery storage system

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a battery storage system.

[0002] In recent years, in order to reduce the environmental burden, the introduction of power generation systems using renewable energy (hereinafter referred to as renewable energy) that utilizes natural energy such as solar cells and wind power, which do not emit carbon dioxide, has been accelerating. Unlike synchronous generators installed in thermal power plants, the generated power of these renewable energy sources fluctuates from moment to moment. In some cases, large-capacity storage battery systems are installed to minimize the impact (disturbance) that these mega solar and large-capacity wind power generation facilities have on the grid (leveling the generated power of renewable energy sources).

[0003] To mitigate grid disturbances caused by fluctuations in the power generated by these renewable energy sources, large-capacity battery systems are often installed near the renewable energy sources. In such cases, container-type battery systems are installed, but in order to level out the fluctuations in the power generated by renewable energy sources (ranging from several megabytes to several hundred megabytes), the capacity of the installed battery system (the capacity of the power conversion device and the size of the battery (storage capacity)) also becomes large. Furthermore, regarding the location of battery installations, rather than being located near the renewable energy sources, efforts are being reported by Hokkaido Electric Power Company and others to concentrate battery systems within substations connected to the renewable energy sources, in order to not only level out power generation but also improve grid quality by using battery systems. Based on these findings, it is predicted that battery systems will become smaller and more space-saving in the future in order to install battery systems with the largest possible capacity in limited areas (space).

[0004] As described above, when a large-capacity battery system is installed in a limited area (space), large-capacity batteries (battery cells) are placed within the system to save space. Furthermore, in order to reduce the cost of these large-capacity battery systems, standard containers are used as the housings for the battery systems in most cases. When building a large-capacity battery system using a standard container as the housing, a battery unit is configured by arranging multiple battery modules, each of which has multiple battery cells connected in series, in a series-parallel configuration to improve the packaging density of the battery cells. Then, multiple configured battery units are placed within the container to increase capacity. In this case, a power conversion unit is connected to each battery unit to convert the DC power output from the battery unit into AC power.

[0005] When a large-capacity storage battery and a large-capacity power conversion unit are placed inside a container and a large amount of power is charged or discharged, the temperature inside the container rises due to the power consumed (power loss) by each storage battery cell and the power conversion unit. In particular, the storage battery has a narrower allowable temperature range than the switching devices and reactors installed in the power conversion unit. When lithium-ion storage batteries are used as storage batteries, the allowable temperature range is approximately 5°C to 40°C. For example, if charging or discharging is performed when the surface temperature of the storage battery cells exceeds 40°C, the deterioration of the storage battery will rapidly accelerate. To prevent this deterioration, large-capacity container-type battery systems are equipped with air conditioners and cooling fans.

[0006] When cooling a battery system using air conditioning equipment, it is also necessary to reduce the power consumption of the air conditioner and cooling fan that cool the battery cells. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a method for configuring a battery system that effectively cools battery cells in a container. Specifically, the system includes a plurality of battery modules installed in a closed space, a cooling device that cools the interior of the closed space where the temperature has risen due to the plurality of battery modules, an air outlet that supplies cooled air from the cooling device to the closed space, and an exhaust port that discharges the heated air from the closed space to the cooling device. The closed space is divided into two or more areas between the air outlet and the exhaust port, and each area is equipped with at least one battery module, a fan that blows air from the area to the battery module, and a temperature detection means that detects the temperature of the battery module in the area. The battery module monitoring and control device calculates an average temperature for each area over a predetermined period of time based on the temperature obtained from the temperature detection means and starts or stops the fan, and the battery module monitoring and control device determines whether to start or stop the fan for each area based on the temperature difference between the average temperatures obtained by the battery module monitoring and control device and sends a control command to start or stop the fan to each battery module monitoring and control device.The battery module monitoring and control device is configured so that the system monitoring and control device gives priority to issuing a control command to start or stop the fan to the battery module monitoring and control device for the area near the air outlet over areas other than the area.

[0007] Japanese Patent No. 6151062 (paragraph 0018, Figure 1)

[0008] The container-type battery system described in Patent Document 1 is composed of a plurality of battery modules provided within a closed space as described above, a cooling device that cools the interior of the closed space where the temperature has risen due to the plurality of battery modules, an air outlet that supplies cooled air from the cooling device to the closed space, and an exhaust port that discharges the air whose temperature has risen from the closed space to the cooling device, and the closed space is divided into two or more areas between the air outlet and the exhaust port, and each of the areas is provided with at least one battery module, a fan that blows air within the area toward the battery modules, and temperature detection means that detects the temperature of the battery modules in the area. The system further includes a battery module monitoring and control device that calculates an average temperature for each area over a predetermined period of time based on the temperature obtained from the temperature detection means and starts or stops the fan, and a system monitoring and control device that determines whether to start or stop the fan for each area based on the temperature difference between the average temperatures for each area obtained by the battery module monitoring and control device and issues a control command to start or stop the fan to each battery module monitoring and control device.The system monitoring and control device manages the temperature of the battery modules by giving priority to issuing a control command to start or stop the fan to the battery module monitoring and control device for the area near the air outlet over areas other than the area.

[0009] As the introduction of renewable energy sources such as solar power accelerates, it is predicted that the introduction of large-capacity storage batteries into power transmission and distribution systems will progress in order to smooth out the power generated by renewable energy sources and compensate for the system inertia that was previously covered by synchronous generators due to the closure of thermal power plants as a result of the increase in renewable energy sources. As mentioned above, conventional battery storage systems installed in power transmission and distribution systems use containers to reduce costs, and the density of batteries within the containers is not very high. However, as the capacity of battery systems is expected to increase in the future, the density of batteries installed within the containers will also increase. This will increase losses in battery cells and power conversion equipment, and efficient cooling is required to remove the heat generated by these losses.

[0010] However, conventional battery systems controlled the start / stop of blower fans based on the difference in the average temperature between each area, which resulted in issues such as unnecessary power consumption by air conditioners and other equipment even when the temperature of battery cells arranged in a battery module (a battery module is made up of multiple short cells called battery cells arranged in series and parallel) had little charge / discharge power and did not particularly need to be cooled, or inefficient air conditioners because they circulated air inside even when the outside temperature was lower than the exhaust port.

[0011] The present disclosure has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a storage battery system that minimizes losses such as power consumption by air conditioning equipment and efficiently cools storage battery cells to prevent unnecessary deterioration of the storage battery.

[0012] The storage battery system disclosed in the present disclosure includes a plurality of storage battery units each composed of a plurality of storage battery cells, a power conversion unit operable in a temperature range higher than the storage battery units and converting DC power input from the storage battery units into AC power, a storage battery rack storing the plurality of storage battery units, a power conversion rack storing the power conversion units, air conditioning equipment cooling the storage battery units, a cool aisle to which first exhaust air output from the air conditioning equipment is supplied and which supplies the first exhaust air to the power conversion rack, and a cooling aisle to which second exhaust air is supplied from the storage battery rack after cooling the storage battery units and which supplies the second exhaust air to the power conversion rack. the power conversion rack is cooled using the second exhaust air; an exhaust aisle to which a third exhaust air is supplied after the second exhaust air has been used to cool the power conversion rack; an exhaust aisle temperature measurement unit that measures the temperature of the third exhaust air; an outside air temperature measurement unit that measures the temperature of the outside air; and a control unit that controls the power conversion unit and also controls the air conditioning equipment, wherein the control unit compares the temperature of the third exhaust air output from the exhaust aisle temperature measurement unit with the outside air temperature output from the outside air temperature measurement unit, determines whether to cool using the third exhaust air or to take in outside air for cooling, and controls the first exhaust air and the second exhaust air to supply them to the power conversion unit.

[0013] The storage battery system disclosed in the present disclosure also includes a plurality of storage battery units each composed of a plurality of storage battery cells, a power conversion unit that converts DC power input from the storage battery units into AC power, a storage battery temperature measurement unit that measures the temperature inside the storage battery units, and a control unit that controls charging and discharging of the power conversion unit based on an operation plan notified from the outside, wherein the control unit generates a power command value for controlling charging and discharging power from the storage battery units based on the notified operation plan, and when generating the power command value, controls the allocation of the power command value based on information about the amount of charging power of the storage battery units and the measurement results of the storage battery temperature measurement unit so as to give priority to storage battery units with lower temperatures output from the storage battery temperature measurement unit.

[0014] According to the present disclosure, it is possible to effectively cool storage battery cells, thereby reducing the power consumption of air conditioners, etc. It is also possible to uniformly distribute the deterioration of storage battery cells and suppress the rate of deterioration of each storage battery cell.

[0015] 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a power distribution system to which a storage battery system according to embodiment 1 is connected. FIG. 3A is a perspective view showing the configuration of the storage battery system according to embodiment 1. FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the storage battery system according to embodiment 1. FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the storage battery system according to embodiment 1. FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B are perspective views showing the configuration of a storage battery rack of the storage battery system according to embodiment 1. FIG. 3B is a perspective view showing the configuration of a power conversion rack of the storage battery system according to embodiment 1. FIG. 3B is a block diagram showing the configuration of a CEMS of a power distribution system to which a storage battery system according to embodiment 1 is connected. FIG. 3C is a block diagram showing the configuration of an operation plan creation circuit in the CEMS according to embodiment 1. FIG. 3D is a block diagram showing the configuration of a storage battery system according to embodiment 1. FIG. 3E is a block diagram showing the configuration of a storage battery unit of the storage battery system according to embodiment 1. FIG. 3F is a block diagram showing the configuration of a storage battery module of the storage battery system according to embodiment 1. FIG. 3G is a block diagram showing the configuration of a power conversion unit of the storage battery system according to embodiment 1. FIG. 3H is a block diagram showing the configuration of a controller of the storage battery system according to embodiment 1. FIG. 3I is a block diagram showing the configuration of an intra-container temperature prediction and management circuit in the controller according to embodiment 1. FIG. 3I is a sequence diagram showing the operation of a power distribution system to which a storage battery system according to embodiment 1 is connected. FIG. 3I is a sequence diagram showing the operation of a power distribution system to which a storage battery system according to embodiment 1 is connected. Fig. 1 is a flowchart showing the control processing of a CEMS of a power distribution system to which the storage battery system according to embodiment 1 is connected. Fig. 2 is a flowchart showing the control processing of a CEMS of a power distribution system to which the storage battery system according to embodiment 1 is connected. Fig. 3 is a flowchart showing detailed operations of an operation plan creation processing of a CEMS of a power distribution system to which the storage battery system according to embodiment 1 is connected. Fig. 4 is a flowchart showing detailed operations of an operation plan correction processing of a CEMS of a power distribution system to which the storage battery system according to embodiment 1 is connected. Fig. 5 is a flowchart showing operations of a controller that controls the storage battery system according to embodiment 1. Fig. 6 is a flowchart showing operations of a controller that controls the storage battery system according to embodiment 1.FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an operation of determining whether to create an operation plan for container equipment in a controller that controls the battery system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an operation of determining whether to create an operation plan for container equipment in a controller that controls the battery system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an operation of determining whether to modify an operation plan for container equipment in a controller that controls the battery system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an operation of determining whether to modify an operation plan for container equipment in a controller that controls the battery system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an operation of creating an operation plan for container equipment in a controller that controls the battery system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an operation of creating an operation plan for container equipment in a controller that controls the battery system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an operation of allocating charge and discharge energy in a controller that controls the battery system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an operation of allocating charge and discharge energy in a controller that controls the battery system according to the second embodiment. FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an operation of a controller that controls a battery system according to the third embodiment. FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing an operation of a controller that controls the battery system according to the third embodiment. FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing an operation of determining whether to create an operation plan for container equipment in a controller that controls the battery system according to the third embodiment. Fig. 10 is a flowchart showing an operation of creating an intra-container equipment operation plan in a controller that controls the battery system according to embodiment 3. Fig. 11 is a flowchart showing an operation of creating an intra-container equipment operation plan in a controller that controls the battery system according to embodiment 3. Fig. 12 is a flowchart showing an operation of creating an intra-container equipment operation plan in a controller that controls the battery system according to embodiment 3. Fig. 13 is a flowchart showing an operation of determining priority levels of battery units and generating charge / discharge power command values ​​in a controller that controls the battery system according to embodiment 3.Fig. 10 is a flowchart showing an operation of creating an operation plan for container equipment in a controller that controls a battery system according to embodiment 4. Fig. 11 is a flowchart showing an operation of creating an operation plan for container equipment in a controller that controls a battery system according to embodiment 4. Fig. 12 is a flowchart showing an operation of creating an operation plan for container equipment in a controller that controls a battery system according to embodiment 4.

[0016] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following, the same or corresponding parts in the drawings will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and their description will not be repeated in principle.

[0017] 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a power distribution system to which a storage battery system 10 according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure is connected. Note that, in the first embodiment, a typical three-phase system is described as an example, but it goes without saying that the storage battery system may also be applied to a single-phase system or a DC system (with a DC / DC converter installed as the power conversion unit instead of an inverter).

[0018] As shown in Figure 1, the distribution system 5 is connected in series with a switch 4 that can disconnect the distribution system 5 from a higher-level system in the event of an accident or the like from a substation 1, and is connected to a building 20, an apartment building 21, a town 22, a factory 23, a mega solar power conversion device 25, and a storage battery system 10 for the distribution system 5.

[0019] The mega solar power converter 25 is connected to the mega solar 24 and converts DC power generated by the mega solar 24 into AC power.

[0020] The battery system 10 is composed of a power distribution system battery 11 and a power conversion device 12 for the power distribution system battery. In this embodiment 1, the power distribution system battery 11 and the power conversion device 12 for the power distribution system battery are described as being installed in a container.

[0021] The power distribution system 5 is also provided with a CEMS 3 that manages the power distribution system 5. The CEMS 3 periodically collects information on system voltage and current measured by an IED terminal (not shown), power consumption information of each consumer, the amount of power generated by the mega solar power plant 24, the charge / discharge power of the battery storage system 10, and the amount of power charged to the battery (State of Charge, hereinafter referred to as SOC), and notifies the collected information to a power distribution automation system (hereinafter referred to as DSO) 2. The CEMS 3 also creates an operation plan for the battery storage system 10 based on the supply and demand plan for the power distribution system 5 notified by the DSO 2, and notifies the battery storage system 10. The CEMS 3, the mega solar power conversion device 25, the distribution system battery power conversion device 12, a smart meter (not shown), various measurement sensors (voltage and current sensors, not shown) provided in the power distribution system, and the DSO 2, all of which are connected to the power distribution system 5, are connected to each other via communication lines 6.

[0022] 2A to 2D are perspective views and cross-sectional views showing the configuration inside a container of the storage battery system 10 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 2A is a perspective view of the storage battery system 10. FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view of cross-section A in FIG. 2A. FIG. 2C is a cross-sectional view of cross-section B in FIG. 2A. FIG. 2D is a cross-sectional view of cross-section C in FIG. 2A. FIG. 3A is a perspective view showing the configuration of a storage battery rack of the storage battery system 10 according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 3B is an enlarged perspective view of a storage battery module 113. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a power conversion rack of the storage battery system 10 according to the first embodiment.

[0023] As described above, the storage battery system 10 uses a versatile container for its housing to reduce costs. Passive components with different temperature control ranges, such as the storage battery cells 1131 (upper temperature control limit: e.g., 35°C), switching devices, and filter reactors (upper temperature control limit: e.g., 100°C), are placed inside the container. Note that if the storage battery cells 1131 are charged or discharged beyond their temperature control range, the deterioration of the cells 1131 will accelerate. Therefore, it is desirable to operate the storage battery cells 1131 within their operating temperature control range.

[0024] In the first embodiment, the exhaust air after cooling the storage battery cells 1131, which have a low upper limit in the temperature control range, is used to cool the switching devices and filter reactors, which have a high upper limit in the temperature control range. This appropriately controls the airflow of the air conditioner 130 and various fans, controls the various passive components within their respective predetermined temperature control ranges, and reduces the power consumption required to cool the various passive components. To achieve this, in the first embodiment, the storage battery racks 110 (each storage battery rack 110 has two storage battery units (storage battery sections)) that house the storage battery cells 1131, the power conversion racks that house the power conversion units (power conversion sections) 120, and the grid-connection reactor 150 are located at separate locations (see FIG. 2A ).

[0025] The arrangement of each device and equipment inside the container will be described below with reference to Figures 2A to 2D. In this first embodiment, a large-capacity battery system will be constructed using four battery racks 110.

[0026] As shown in FIG. 2B , the four battery racks 110 (110a.b, 110c.d, 110e.f, 110g.h) are arranged one by one with spaces between them inside the container. The two racks on the left side are arranged facing each other so that the exhaust air that has cooled the battery cells 1131 is exhausted into the space between the two battery racks 110 (110a.b, 110c.d). This allows a hot aisle to be formed in the space at the center of the two left battery racks 110 (110a.b, 110c.d). Similarly, the two racks on the right side are arranged facing each other so that the exhaust air that has cooled the battery cells 1131 is exhausted into the space between the two battery racks 110 (110e.f, 110g.h). This allows a hot aisle to be formed in the space at the center of the two right battery racks 110 (110e.f, 110g.h). As shown in the figure, the sides and center of both containers are designated as cool aisles, and cold air cooled by air conditioners 130a-130c is supplied to these areas. Furthermore, walls 170 (170a, 170b, 170c) are installed at the ends of the battery racks 110 (110a.b, 110c.d, 110e.f, 110g.h) toward the center of the container to separate the hot aisle and cool aisle (see FIG. 2D). Furthermore, a ceiling 171 is installed above the battery racks 170 (170a, 170b, 170c) to separate the exhaust aisle, described below, from the hot aisle and cool aisle (see FIG. 2A). In this first embodiment, the battery racks 110 and the converter rack are assumed to be at the same height. The ceiling 171 extends to the entire surface of the converter rack that stores the power conversion units 120 (120a.b, 120c.d, 120e.f, 120g.h), separating the hot aisle from the exhaust aisle. Furthermore, the interconnection reactor 150 (with the same temperature control range as the filter reactor) is placed in the hot aisle, and the ceiling 171 is placed above it to separate it from the exhaust aisle (see FIG. 2C).

[0027] In addition, an outside air intake fan 131 (131a, 131b, 131c) is arranged on the side facing the air conditioner 130 (130a, 130b, 130c), and an exhaust fan 132 (132a, 132b, 132c, 132d) is arranged on the side facing the rack storing the power conversion units 120 (120a.b, 120c.d, 120e.f, 120g.h). As will be described in more detail later, if it is determined that the temperature of the exhaust aisle is higher than the outside air temperature and that using outside air to cool the battery system 10 will result in less power loss (in this case, it is determined that using outside air will result in less power consumption based on the predicted power consumption of the entire air conditioning equipment, including the power consumption of the air conditioners 130 (130a, 130b, 130c), the power consumption of the outside air intake fans 131 (131a, 131b, 131c) and the exhaust fans 132 (132a, 132b, 132c, 132d), and the power consumption of the blower fans (not shown) that supply the exhaust air from the exhaust aisle to the air conditioners 130 (130a, 130b, 130c)), the air in the exhaust aisle is released to the outside, and outside air is supplied to the air conditioners 130 (130a, 130b, 130c). In this case, by controlling the total air volume of the exhaust fans 132 (132a, 132b, 132c, 132d) to be greater than the total air volume of the outdoor air intake fans 131 (131a, 131b, 131c), the air pressure on the exhaust fans 132 (132a, 132b, 132c, 132d) side is lowered, and air in the exhaust aisle is prevented from being supplied to the air conditioners 130 (130a, 130b, 130c).

[0028] In this first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3A , a case will be described in which two storage battery units 111 (111a, 111b) are arranged in the battery rack 110. The number of storage battery units 111 is not limited to this, and may be N or more (N is a natural number equal to or greater than 2). Each storage battery unit 111 (111a, 111b) is configured by arranging a plurality of storage battery modules 113 (113a11 to 113ank, 113b11 to 113bnk) in series and parallel. As shown in FIG. 3B , each storage battery module 113 (113a11 to 113ank, 113b11 to 113bnk) has a plurality of storage battery cells 1131 (1131a to 1131z) connected in series and is equipped with exhaust fans 114 (114a, 114b).

[0029] When the storage battery modules 113 (113a11 to 113ank, 113b11 to 113bnk) are installed in the storage battery rack 110, they are positioned so that the exhaust fans 114 (114a, 114b) are on the hot aisle side. The storage battery modules 113 (113a11 to 113ank, 113b11 to 113bnk) control the airflow rate of the exhaust fans 114 (114a, 114b) to control the amount of cool air drawn in from the cool aisle and manage the temperature of the storage battery cells 1131 (1131a to 1131z). This is because even if the charge / discharge current to the storage battery units 111 (111a, 111b) is the same, the temperatures of the storage battery cells 1131 (1131a to 1131z) in each storage battery module 113 (113a11 to 113ank, 113b11 to 113bnk) are different. For example, if the airflow rates of all exhaust fans 114 (114a, 114b) are the same, the surface temperature of the storage battery cells 1131 in the storage battery modules 113 located at the top of the battery rack 110 will be higher than that of the storage battery modules 113 located at the bottom. This is because natural convection causes warm air to gather at the top and cool air to gather at the bottom. In the first embodiment, the airflow rate of the exhaust fan 114 is determined based on the measured temperature of the storage battery modules 113.

[0030] In the first embodiment, a case will be described in which two power conversion units 120 (120a, 120b) are arranged in the converter rack. The number of power conversion units 120 is not limited to this, and may be N or more. As shown in FIG. 4 , the front panel on the hot aisle side of the converter rack is provided with an air intake 1208 for taking in cooling air from the hot aisle. Capacitors 1200 (1200a, 1200b) are installed at the bottom end of the converter rack. DC / AC conversion circuits 1202 (1202a, 1202b) are installed at the top ends of the capacitors 1200 (1200a, 1200b). Although not shown, a switching device, which is a passive component, is mounted on the converter board. Filter circuits 1203 (1203a, 1203b), which include a passive reactor, are installed at the top ends of the DC / AC conversion circuits 1202 (1202a, 1202b). An exhaust fan 1205 is installed on the top surface of the converter rack, and the warm air that has cooled the converter rack is exhausted to the exhaust aisle. Although not shown, exhaust aisle temperature sensors 163 (163a to 163y) (see FIG. 7) are installed in the exhaust aisle as exhaust aisle temperature measuring units that measure the temperature of the exhaust aisle, and an outside air temperature sensor 160 (see FIG. 7) is installed outside the container as an outside air temperature measuring unit that measures the outside air temperature. Furthermore, although not shown, cool aisle temperature sensors 161 (161a to 161z) (see FIG. 7) that measure the temperature of the cool aisle and hot aisle temperature sensors 162 (162a to 162x) (see FIG. 7) that measure the temperature of the hot aisle are also installed.

[0031] 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the CEMS 3 that manages the power distribution system to which the storage battery system 10 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure is connected. As shown in FIG. 5 , the CEMS 3 is configured with a communication circuit 31, a memory circuit 32, a transmission data generation circuit 33, an operation plan creation circuit 34, and a CEMS control circuit 35.

[0032] The transmission data generation circuit 33 generates data to be transmitted to the DSO 2 and the distribution system battery power conversion device 12 connected to the distribution system 5. The operation plan creation circuit 34 creates a charge / discharge plan for the storage battery system 10. The CEMS control circuit 35 controls the entire CEMS 3.

[0033] 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the operation plan creation circuit 34 of the CEMS 3 that manages the power distribution system to which the storage battery system 10 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure is connected. As shown in FIG. 6 , the operation plan creation circuit 34 is made up of a battery operation plan generation circuit 341, a power generation amount prediction circuit 342, a power consumption prediction circuit 343, a distributed power source operation plan creation management circuit 344, a battery operation plan correction circuit 345, and an operation plan creation unit management circuit 346.

[0034] The battery operation plan generation circuit 341 generates an operation plan for the battery system 10. The power generation prediction circuit 342 predicts the amount of power generated by the mega solar power plant 24 using weather forecast information for the next 24 hours obtained from a weather forecast server (not shown) and a database generated based on past power generation results (not shown). The power consumption prediction circuit 343 predicts 24-hour power consumption of consumers connected to the distribution grid 5 using a database generated based on past power consumption results (not shown). The distributed power source operation plan creation management circuit 344 creates operation plans for other distributed power sources. The battery operation plan correction circuit 345, which will be described in detail later, changes the operation plan of the battery system 10 based on the received measurement results when a power command value change request is received from the battery system 10. The operation plan creation unit management circuit 346 controls the operation plan creation circuit 34.

[0035] 7 is a block diagram showing the configuration of storage battery system 10 according to embodiment 1 of the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 7, storage battery system 10 includes storage battery units 111 (111a to 111h), power conversion units 120 (120a to 120h), air conditioners 130 (130a to 130c), outside air suction fans 131 (131a to 131c), exhaust fans 132 (132a to 132d), a controller (control unit) 140, a communication line 141, a signal line 142, an outside air temperature sensor 160, a cool aisle temperature sensor 161, a hot aisle temperature sensor 162, an exhaust aisle temperature sensor 163, and an interconnection reactor temperature sensor 164.

[0036] The controller 140 controls the battery storage system 10. The communication line 141 communicates with each device in the battery system 10. The signal line 142 is a signal line for the outputs of various temperature sensors in the battery storage system 10 (cool aisle temperature sensor 161, hot aisle temperature sensor 161, exhaust aisle temperature sensor 163, and interconnection reactor temperature sensor 164) and an outside air temperature sensor 160 that measures the outside air temperature. It goes without saying that the signal line 142 may be a communication line or may be wireless. It goes without saying that the communication line 141 may be a signal line or may be wireless.

[0037] The outside air temperature sensor 160 measures the outside air temperature. The cool aisle temperature sensors 161 (161a to 161z) are installed at various locations within the cool aisle and measure the temperature within the cool aisle. The hot aisle temperature sensors 162 (162a to 162x) are installed at various locations within the hot aisle and measure the temperature within the hot aisle. The exhaust aisle temperature sensors 163 (163a to 163y) are exhaust aisle temperature sensors installed at various locations within the exhaust aisle and measure the temperature within the exhaust aisle. The interconnection reactor temperature sensor 164 is a temperature sensor that measures the temperature of the interconnection reactor installed within the hot aisle.

[0038] 8 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a storage battery unit 111 of the storage battery system 10 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 8, the storage battery unit 111 includes a battery management unit (BMU) 112, storage battery modules 113 (113a to 113n), and an exhaust fan 114.

[0039] The BMU 112 manages the storage battery cells 1131 in the storage battery unit 111. As shown in FIG. 3B , the exhaust fans 114 (114a, 114b) are installed in the storage battery module 113 and are controlled based on a control command (air volume command) output from the BMU 112.

[0040] 9 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a storage battery module 113 of a storage battery system 10 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 9 , the battery module 113 is composed of a storage battery cell 1131, a temperature sensor 1132, a current sensor 1133, and a voltage sensor 1134. The temperature sensor 1132 measures the temperature of the storage battery cell 1131.

[0041] 10 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the power conversion unit 120 of the storage battery system 10 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 10 , the power conversion unit 120 includes a DC / AC conversion control circuit 1201, a DC / AC conversion circuit 1202, a filter circuit 1203, a communication I / F circuit 1204, an exhaust fan 1205, a temperature sensor 1206, and an in-rack temperature sensor 1207.

[0042] The DC / AC conversion control circuit 1201 controls the DC / AC conversion circuit 1202. The DC / AC conversion circuit 1202 converts the DC voltage output from the storage battery unit 111 into an AC voltage. The filter circuit 1203 removes harmonic components from the AC voltage output from the DC / AC conversion circuit 1202. Note that a switching device, which is a passive element, is mounted on the DC / AC conversion circuit 1202, and a filter reactor is mounted in the filter circuit 1203.

[0043] The communication I / F circuit 1204 communicates with the controller 140. The temperature sensor p 1206p measures the temperature of a switching device (not shown) implemented in the DC / AC conversion circuit 1202. The temperature sensor q 1206q measures the temperature of a filter reactor implemented in the filter circuit 1203. The in-rack temperature sensors 1207 (1207a, 1207c) (power conversion rack in-temperature measurement unit) measure the temperature inside the converter rack. The exhaust fan 1205 is controlled by the DC / AC conversion control circuit 1201.

[0044] 11 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the controller 140 of the storage battery system 10 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 11 , the controller 140 includes an intra-container communication I / F circuit 1401, an extra-container communication I / F circuit 1402, a temperature sensor information receiving I / F circuit 1403, an air conditioner communication I / F circuit 1404, a fan device control I / F circuit 1405, a memory circuit 1406, a system control command value generation circuit 1407, an intra-container temperature prediction and management circuit 1408, and a system control management circuit 1409.

[0045] The container communication I / F circuit 1401 communicates with the controller 140 and each device installed inside the container. The communication I / F circuit 1402 communicates with devices outside the container, such as the CEMS 3. The temperature sensor information receiving I / F circuit 1403 inputs information from a temperature sensor installed inside the container. As described above, in the first embodiment, each temperature sensor and the controller 140 are connected by a signal line. The air conditioner communication I / F circuit 1404 is a communication I / F circuit with the air conditioner 130, and transmits command values ​​such as the set temperature, air volume, and air direction of the air conditioner 130, and receives information such as the air outlet temperature of the air conditioner 130. The fan device control I / F circuit 1405 outputs air volume command values ​​and the like for various fans installed inside the container.

[0046] The memory circuit 1406 chronologically stores the following information: temperature information of each part inside the container periodically received from the temperature sensor information receiving I / F circuit 1403; information about the power conversion unit 120 received by the intra-container communication I / F circuit 1401 (measured charge / discharge power information, temperature information about the switching device, temperature information about the filter reactor, temperature information inside the rack, information about the exhaust fan 1205, etc.); information about the storage battery unit 111 (SOC and SOH (State of Health) of each storage battery unit 111, temperature information about the storage battery cells 1131, charge / discharge power information, information about the exhaust fan 114, etc.); information about the air conditioner 130 (air outlet and intake temperature information, air volume information, power consumption information, etc.); and various fan information (power consumption, air volume, etc.). The memory circuit 1406 also stores various information received from the CEMS 3, such as a battery operation plan, via the system control management circuit 1409. Furthermore, the memory circuit 1406 temporarily stores information such as charge / discharge command values ​​to be notified to each power conversion unit 120, set temperature information to be output to the air conditioner 130, air volume information, and air volume information to be given to various fans via the system control management circuit 1409.

[0047] The system control command value generation circuit 1407 generates command values ​​to be notified to each power conversion unit 120, air conditioner 130, and various fans so as to minimize power loss (including power consumption by the air conditioner 130 and various fans) in the battery system 10, based on the battery operation plan notified from the CEMS 3, the temperature prediction results of passive components output from the container temperature prediction and management circuit 1408, information about the air conditioner 130, and information about the various fans. The container temperature prediction and management circuit 1408 predicts the temperatures of each passive component and each aisle based on various temperature information and various command value information output to the air conditioner 130, various fans, and each power conversion unit 120. The system control management circuit 1409 controls the controller 140.

[0048] 12 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the container temperature prediction and management circuit 1408 of the storage battery system 10 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 12 , the container temperature prediction and management circuit 1408 includes a converter temperature management circuit 14081, a converter temperature prediction database 14082, a storage battery temperature management circuit 14083, a storage battery temperature prediction database 14084, a fan and air conditioning equipment management circuit 14085, a fan and air conditioning control database 14086, and a container temperature prediction and management unit control circuit 14087.

[0049] The converter temperature management circuit 14081 predicts and manages the temperatures of the switching devices and filter reactors, which are passive components in each power conversion unit 120. The converter temperature prediction database 14082 is used by the converter temperature management circuit 14081 to predict the temperatures of the switching devices and filter reactors. The battery temperature management circuit 14083 predicts the temperatures of the battery cells 1131 in each battery unit 111. The battery temperature prediction database 14084 is used by the battery temperature management circuit 14083 to predict the temperatures of the battery cells 1131. The fan and air conditioning equipment management circuit 14085 calculates the power consumption of the various fans and air conditioners 130. The fan and air conditioning equipment management circuit 14085 also predicts the temperatures of the cool aisle, hot aisle, and exhaust aisle within the container using a fan and air conditioning control database 14086, described below, which is created based on temperature measurement results. The fan and air conditioning control database 14086 stores data used when the fan and air conditioning equipment management circuit 14085 calculates the power consumption of the air conditioner 130 and various fans, and data used when predicting the temperature of each aisle. The container internal temperature prediction and management control circuit 14087 controls the container internal temperature prediction and management circuit 1408.

[0050] Next, the operation of the power distribution system to which the storage battery system 10 according to the first embodiment is connected will be described. In the power distribution system 5 to which the storage battery system 10 shown in Fig. 1 is connected, the storage battery system 10 controls charging and discharging power based on a storage battery operation plan (power command value) notified every 30 minutes from the CEMS 3. It goes without saying that the storage battery system 10 may also control the power generated by the mega solar power plant 24 to smooth out any wrinkles.

[0051] The power distribution system 5 is equipped with a mega solar power plant 24 as an energy generating device, and has a building 20, an apartment building 21, a town 22, and a factory 23 as loads, and is supplied with electricity from a substation 1, electricity generated by the mega solar power plant 24, and electricity from a storage battery system 10.

[0052] In embodiment 1, we will explain the case where the distribution system 5 is supported by power supplied from the substation 1, power generated by the mega solar 24 (the mega solar power conversion device 25 operates as a current source), and power output from the storage battery system 10 (the distribution system storage battery power conversion device 12 also operates as a current source).

[0053] 13A and 13B are diagrams illustrating operation sequences of the DSO 2 and CEMS 3 of the power distribution system to which the storage battery system 10 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure is connected, and of the devices in the storage battery system 10. In the first embodiment, the power distribution system 5 is controlled by two processing sequences: a 30-minute periodic process ( FIG. 13A ) mainly performed by the CEMS 3, and a 1-minute periodic process ( FIG. 13B ) mainly performed by the storage battery system 10.

[0054] As shown in FIG. 13A , when the 30-minute cycle processing starts, the DSO 2 requests the CEMS 3 to output the collected measurement data via the communication line 5. Upon receiving the request from the DSO 2, the CEMS 3 transmits to the DSO 2 collected data, such as the amount of power consumed by each consumer over the 30-minute period, the amount of power generated by the mega solar power plant 24, the amount of charge / discharge power of the distribution system storage battery 11 over the 30-minute period, and the SOC. At this time, the CEMS 3 requests the controller 140 in the storage battery system 10 to transmit the measurement data. Upon receiving the data transmission request, the controller 140 collects measurement data from each storage battery unit 111, each power conversion unit 120, various fans, and various temperature sensors, and notifies the CEMS 3 of the collected data via the external container communication I / F circuit 1402. After completing transmission of the measurement data, the controller 140 estimates the SOH of each storage battery unit 111 in the storage battery system 10 based on the measurement data over the 30-minute period.

[0055] Meanwhile, upon receiving the measurement results, the DSO 2 creates a 24-hour supply and demand plan at 30-minute intervals (total power supply to the distribution system 5 via the substation 1 in 30 minutes) required to create a battery operation plan for the battery system 10, and notifies the CEMS 3 of the created plan. Upon receiving the above information used to create a battery operation plan for the battery system 10, the CEMS 3 creates a battery operation plan for the battery system 10 (details will be described later), notifies the created battery operation plan (notifying the charge / discharge power command value in the first embodiment) to the battery system 10, and the CEMS 3 ends the 30-minute period processing.

[0056] In addition, the controller 140 in the battery system 10, which receives the battery operation plan from the CEMS 3, creates charge / discharge command values ​​for each battery unit 111, control command values ​​(set temperature, air volume, wind direction) for each air conditioner 130, and control command values ​​(air volume) for various fans, and notifies each device.

[0057] Next, the one-minute cycle processing will be described. In the first embodiment, the one-minute cycle processing is performed by the controller 140 in the battery system 10, as shown in FIG. 13B . When the one-minute cycle processing starts, the controller 140 collects measurement information from each connected device (each storage battery unit 111, each power conversion unit 120, each air conditioner 130, various fans, and various temperature measurement sensors). When the collection of measurement information is complete, the controller 140 notifies the CEMS 3 of the measurement results. When the notification of the measurement results is complete, the controller 140 determines whether the battery operation plan for each storage battery unit 111 needs to be modified based on the measurement results. If a change in the operation plan is necessary or if a storage battery operation plan has been received from the CEMS 3, the controller 140 creates charge / discharge command values ​​for each storage battery unit 111, control command values ​​(set temperature, air volume, air direction) for each air conditioner 130, and control command values ​​(air volume) for the various fans, and notifies each device. Note that a detailed explanation of the operation of the flow shown in this sequence diagram will be given later.

[0058] Next, a detailed configuration of the battery system 10 will be described. As described above, in the battery system 10 shown in Figures 2A to 2D, in order to efficiently cool passive components with different temperature control ranges, such as the battery cells 1131, switching devices, and reactors, the inside of the container is divided into three aisles with different control temperatures (cool aisle, hot aisle, and exhaust aisle) using the battery racks 110, converter racks, walls 170, ceiling 171, etc., and the inside of the container is effectively cooled.

[0059] In the first embodiment, a case will be described in which a lithium ion battery (upper limit temperature: 35° C.) is used as the storage battery cell 1131. In the first embodiment, the upper limit temperature range of the passive components, such as the switching device and reactor, will also be described as 100° C.

[0060] Conventional container-type battery systems do not have an aisle configuration as shown in the first embodiment, and therefore have had problems such as the exhaust heat from cooling the battery units 111 in a battery rack 110 being mixed with and taken in by the air cooling the battery units 111 in other battery racks 110, or being mixed with the exhaust heat from the converter units 120, and mixing with the cold air used to cool the battery cells 1131 with the narrowest (strictest) temperature control range, requiring the air conditioner 130 to unnecessarily cool the air. Alternatively, in order to minimize the impact of the exhaust heat from cooling the battery units 111 or the converter units 120, it has been necessary to keep the packaging density within the container-type battery system low.

[0061] In the first embodiment, the three aisles are separated into a cool aisle and a hot aisle using battery racks 110, as shown in Figures 2A to 2D. To prevent warm air from backflowing from the hot aisle to the cool aisle, one longitudinal end of the battery racks 110 is placed in contact with the container wall, forming a wall, and walls 170a to 170c are installed on the other side to separate the hot aisle from the cool aisle. As shown in Figure 2D, the cool aisle is surrounded by the container wall, the battery racks 110, and the wall 170, preventing backflow from the hot aisle to the cool aisle. Backflow through the battery racks 110 is prevented by using exhaust fans 114 installed in each battery module 113 to reduce the internal pressure (air pressure) within the battery racks to less than the internal pressure (air pressure) within the cool aisle (see Figures 3A and 3B). Furthermore, a ceiling 171 is provided above the battery racks 111 to separate the cool aisle from the exhaust aisle, and the cool aisle is also separated from the exhaust aisle.

[0062] Next, the configuration of the hot aisle will be described. The hot aisle is separated from the cool aisle in the above-mentioned configuration. The hot aisle is also separated from the exhaust aisle by the power conversion rack and the ceiling 171 (see FIG. 2B) that continues from the cool aisle. As shown in FIG. 2C, four converter racks are arranged side by side, and the interconnection transformer 150 (see FIG. 2D) is placed in the empty space (in the hot aisle) and cooled by natural air cooling.

[0063] The hot aisle and exhaust aisle are connected via a power conversion rack. Specifically, an exhaust fan 1205 installed at the top of the power conversion rack is used to draw air from the hot aisle through an air intake 1208 installed on the front of the power conversion rack, and the air is cooled and heat is discharged from the DC / AC conversion circuits 1202a and 1202b, filter circuits 1203a and 1203b, and capacitors 1200a and 1200b, which are equipped with switching devices that are passive elements installed in the power conversion rack 120 (see FIG. 4). Note that a reverse flow from the exhaust aisle to the hot aisle is prevented by controlling the exhaust fan 1205 to lower the internal pressure (air pressure) in the exhaust aisle.

[0064] Each aisle in the first embodiment is configured as described above, and air cooled by the air conditioner 130 is supplied to the cool aisle as first exhaust air. The set temperature, air volume, and air direction of each air conditioner 130 are appropriately distributed by the controller 140 based on the average temperature and charge / discharge power of each storage battery unit 111. The cool air (first exhaust air) supplied to the cool aisle is taken into the storage battery module 113 by the exhaust fan 114 shown in FIG. 3B , cools the storage battery cells 1131, and is supplied to the hot aisle as second exhaust air. The air volume of the exhaust fan 114 is generated and output by the BMU 112 shown in FIG. 8 based on the temperature measurement results of each storage battery cell 1131 in the storage battery module 113 notified by each storage battery module 113 and charge / discharge power information of the storage battery unit 111 notified by the controller 140. The exhaust heat supplied to the hot aisle has a temperature (35°C or lower in the first embodiment) below the upper limit of the temperature control range of the storage battery cells 1131. In the first embodiment, the upper limit of the temperature control range for the switching devices, filter reactors, and interconnection reactors, which are passive components of the storage battery units, is 100°C, so even if exhaust air at 35°C is used, the temperature can be kept sufficiently below the temperature control range.

[0065] The exhaust air (second exhaust air) from storage battery unit 111 supplied to the hot aisle is supplied to power conversion unit 120 and interconnection reactor 150. In the first embodiment, interconnection reactor 150 is naturally cooled in the hot aisle. Meanwhile, power conversion unit 120 takes in air from the hot aisle through air intake 1208 installed facing the hot aisle. The air taken in from the hot aisle cools each device in power conversion unit 120 and is discharged as third exhaust air to the exhaust aisle by exhaust fan 1205. Exhaust fan 1205 is controlled based on a command value (generated based on the temperature of passive components in power conversion unit 120, the hot aisle intake air temperature, and notified charge / discharge power command value information) output from DC / AC conversion control circuit 1201 shown in FIG. 10 .

[0066] The exhaust air (third exhaust air) discharged from the exhaust fan 1205 is collected in the exhaust aisle. The controller 140 controls the outdoor air intake fans 131a-131c and the exhaust fans 132a-132d based on the exhaust aisle temperature measurement results output from the exhaust aisle temperature sensors 163a-163y and the temperature measurement result of the outdoor air temperature sensor 160. Specifically, the controller 140 compares the exhaust aisle temperature measurement results with the outdoor air temperature measurement results, compares the power consumption of various air conditioning devices (air conditioner 130, outdoor air intake fan 131, exhaust fan 132, and a circulation fan (not shown)) when taking in outdoor air and when circulating the air from the exhaust aisle internally, and adopts the method that is determined to have lower power consumption.

[0067] By configuring as described above, in the first embodiment, the exhaust air after cooling of the storage battery cell 1131, which has a low upper limit value of the temperature control range described above, is used to cool the switching device and the filter reactor, which have a high upper limit value of the temperature control range. This has the effect of appropriately controlling the airflow of the air conditioner 130 and the various fans, controlling the various passive components within their respective predetermined temperature control ranges, and suppressing the power consumption required to cool the various passive components.

[0068] Next, detailed operation of the CEMS 3 will be described. FIGS. 14A and 14B are flowcharts illustrating control processing of the CEMS 3 in the power distribution system to which the storage battery system 10 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure is connected. As shown in FIGS. 14A and 14B , when processing starts, the CEMS 3 checks in S101 whether there has been a measurement data output request from the DSO 2. If there has been an output request (Yes in S101), in S102, the CEMS 3 notifies the DSO 2 of the measurement data stored in the memory circuit 32 via the communication circuit 31. If the data has been transmitted in S102 or if the result in S101 is No, in S103, the CEMS 3 checks whether a future supply and demand plan (in the first embodiment, a 24-hour supply of power to be supplied to the substation 1 is sent in 30-minute increments) has been received from the DSO 2. If the plan has been received (Yes in S103), the CEMS 3 collects measurement data in the power distribution system 5 in S104. Specifically, based on an operation plan start instruction output from the CEMS control circuit 35, the operation plan creation circuit 34 reads out measurement information within the battery system 10 collected at one-minute intervals from the memory circuit 32. When collection of measurement data is completed in S104, creation of an operation plan for the battery system 10 is started in S105.

[0069] Here, detailed operations of the operation plan creation process in S105 will be described. FIG. 15 is a flowchart illustrating detailed operations of the operation plan creation process of the CEMS 3 of the power distribution system to which the storage battery system 10 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure is connected. As shown in FIG. 15 , when creation of an operation plan starts, in S1051, a power generation amount prediction of the mega solar power plant 24 is performed. Upon receiving a supply and demand plan notification from the DSO 2, the CEMS control circuit 35 in the CEMS 3 instructs the operation plan creation unit management circuit 346 in the operation plan creation circuit 34 to create an operation plan for the storage battery system 10 (see FIGS. 5 and 6 ). Upon receiving the instruction, the operation plan creation unit management circuit 346 instructs the power generation amount prediction circuit 342 via the storage battery operation plan generation circuit 341 to predict the power generation power of the mega solar power plant 24. Upon receiving the instruction, the power generation amount prediction circuit 342 obtains a 24-hour weather forecast from a weather forecast server (not shown) located on the Internet, and predicts the amount of power generation for the 24 hours using the obtained weather forecast and data from a power generation amount prediction database (not shown) managed by the power generation amount prediction circuit 342. The power generation amount prediction database is constructed based on the actual power generation amount of the mega solar power plant 24, date, time information, and weather record information collected every 30 minutes. The method for constructing the database is not relevant to the main points of this disclosure and will not be described here.

[0070] When the power generation prediction is completed in S1051 of FIG. 15 , the power consumption of the consumer is predicted in S1052. When the operation plan creation unit control circuit 346 receives the power generation prediction result of the mega solar 24 from the power generation prediction circuit 342, it instructs the power consumption prediction circuit 343 via the battery operation plan generation circuit 341 to predict the power consumption of the consumer (see FIG. 6 ). Upon receiving the instruction, the power consumption prediction circuit 343 predicts the power consumption of the consumer for 24 hours using data from a power consumption prediction database (not shown) managed by the power consumption prediction circuit 343. The power consumption prediction database is constructed based on the power consumption of the consumer collected at 30-minute intervals, date, time information, and weather information. The method of constructing the database is omitted as it is not relevant to the main points of this disclosure.

[0071] 15 , when the prediction of the power consumption of the consumer is completed in S1052, the creation of an operation plan for the battery system 10 is started in S1053. Upon receiving the prediction result of the consumer's power consumption from the power consumption prediction circuit 343, the battery operation plan generation circuit 341 in the operation plan creation circuit 34 creates a 30-minute charge / discharge plan for the battery system 10 (a plan of the power to be charged / discharged by the battery system 10 connected to the distribution system 5 for each 30 minutes) based on the power generation amount prediction result of the mega solar power plant 24 from the power generation amount prediction circuit 342, the prediction result of the consumer's power consumption from the power consumption prediction circuit 343, and the power supply / demand plan notified from the DSO 2 (as described above, in the first embodiment, the 24-hour power supply plan (power supply plan every 30 minutes) planned for the distribution system 5 below the substation 1) (see FIG. 6 ). Then, upon completing the creation of the charge / discharge plan for the battery system 10, the battery operation plan generation circuit 341 notifies the operation plan creation unit management circuit 346 of this fact. When the operation plan creation unit management circuit 346 receives the operation plan creation completion information, it notifies the distributed power source operation plan creation management circuit 344. When the distributed power source operation plan creation management circuit 344 receives the operation plan creation completion information from the operation plan creation unit management circuit 346, it retrieves the operation plan created from the battery operation plan creation circuit 341 and stores it in the memory circuit 32, and also outputs the battery operation plan for the next 30 minutes of the battery system 10 (charge and discharge power command values ​​for the first 30 minutes) to the transmission data generation circuit 33. When the transmission data generation circuit 33 receives the battery operation plan (charge and discharge power command values), it converts it into a predetermined format.

[0072] 15 (S105 in FIG. 14B is completed), the created battery operation plan (charge / discharge power command values) for the battery system 10 is notified to the battery system 10 in S110 in FIG. 14B. Specifically, the operation plan creation unit management circuit 346 instructs the transmission data generation circuit 33 to output the generated transmission data to the communication circuit 31, and upon receiving the transmission data from the data generation circuit 33, the communication circuit 31 transmits the received battery operation plan (charge / discharge power command values) to the battery system 10.

[0073] On the other hand, if a supply and demand plan has not been received from the DSO 2 in S103 of FIG. 14A (No in S103), the data collection time is confirmed from each consumer facility in S106 (one-minute cycle processing). If No in S106, the process returns to S101. On the other hand, if Yes in S106, the process collects power consumption and other information from consumers in the distribution system 5 (the battery storage system 10, the mega solar power conversion device 24, and consumers in the building 20, condominium 21, town 22, and factory 23). Specifically, a measurement data request packet is sent to the communication circuit 31 to request that measurement data be sent to each consumer. Once collection of information such as power consumption is completed in S107, a determination is made in S108 as to whether the battery operation plan of the battery storage system 10 needs to be revised. In the first embodiment, the battery operation plan is changed when a power command value change request is received from the battery storage system 10, as will be described in detail later. If No in S108, the process returns to S101. If the answer is Yes in S108, the battery operation plan is corrected in S109. Specifically, when a request to correct the battery operation plan is received from the battery system 10, the operation plan creation unit management circuit 346 requests the battery operation plan correction circuit operation plan 344 to correct the battery operation plan. Upon receiving the request, the battery operation plan correction circuit operation plan 344 starts the operation plan correction process.

[0074] Here, detailed operations of the operation plan correction process in S109 are described. FIG. 16 is a flowchart illustrating detailed operations of the operation plan correction process of the CEMS 3 of the power distribution system to which the storage battery system 10 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure is connected. As shown in FIG. 16 , when operation plan correction is initiated, the CEMS control circuit 35 outputs an operation plan change command to the operation plan creation circuit 34. When the operation plan management circuit 346 in the operation plan creation circuit 34 receives the operation plan change command, the storage battery operation plan correction circuit 345 checks the supply and demand plan from the DSO 2 and the previously created operation plan from the memory circuit 32 in S1091. After completing S1091, the storage battery operation plan correction circuit 345 reads and checks various information from the storage battery system 10 (SOC, SOH, various measurement data (temperature information, etc.)) from the memory circuit 32 in S1092. At this time, measurement data from various consumer facilities, such as the actual power generation amount of the mega solar power plant 24 and the actual power consumption of each consumer, is also read from the memory circuit 32 (S1093). Once the acquisition of data including various measurement information is completed, the battery operation plan correction circuit 345 begins to correct the operation plan of the battery system 10.

[0075] Specifically, the content of the power command value change request sent from the storage battery system 10 is checked. In the first embodiment, three cases are assumed as factors for which the storage battery system 10 notifies a power command value change request: (1) a case caused by the SOC (a charge request when the SOC exceeds 90% (in the first embodiment, when charging above 90% SOC, the upper limit value of the charge power command value is suppressed to prevent overcharging) or a discharge request when the SOC is below 10% (in the first embodiment, the upper limit value of the discharge power command value is suppressed to prevent overdischarge)), (2) a case where the power command value cannot be satisfied due to variations in the SOC of the storage battery units 111 in the storage battery system 10 (for example, a maximum discharge command when one storage battery unit 111 has almost no charged power), and (3) a case where an increase in the temperature of the storage battery cells 1131 in the storage battery system 10 cannot be suppressed.

[0076] In the first embodiment, in the case of (1), a limit is imposed on the maximum charge / discharge power based on the received SOC information (in the first embodiment, table data relating to the maximum charge / discharge power relative to the SOC is stored in advance in a memory (not shown) and the maximum charge / discharge power is determined from the table data), and an operation plan is created again. In the case of (2), a limit is imposed on the maximum charge / discharge power based on the number of available storage battery units 111, and an operation plan is created again. In the case of (3), the charge / discharge power command value is changed based on the operation plan sent last time. In the first embodiment, the charge / discharge power command value is reduced by 20%, and the operation plan for the next 24 hours is revised. After the revision of the operation plan is completed, the battery operation plan revision circuit 345 notifies the DSO 2 via the communication circuit 31 of any discrepancies that have occurred between the demand plan received from the DSO 2 and the current change in the operation plan. It goes without saying that the method for changing the operation plan is not limited to the above, and a function for predicting the temperature of the storage battery cell 1131 (or the storage battery unit 111) may also be implemented on the CEMS 3 side, and the charge / discharge command value may be corrected based on the collected data so that the temperature of the storage battery cell 1131 falls within the temperature control range.

[0077] When the modification of the operation plan for the battery storage system 10 is completed in S1094 of FIG. 16 (S109 in FIG. 14B is completed), the CEMS control circuit 35 instructs the communication circuit 31 to send the changed power command value to the battery storage system 10 (S110). After S110 is completed, it is determined in S111 whether the processing of the CEMS 3 is to be completed. If the answer is Yes in S111, the CEMS 3 ends the processing. On the other hand, if the answer is No in S111, the process returns to S101 and the above operation is repeated.

[0078] Next, the operation of the storage battery system 10 according to the first embodiment will be described. In the storage battery system 10, the controller 140 generates charge / discharge power from each storage battery unit 111, control commands (such as set temperature, air volume, and air direction) for the air conditioners 130a to 130c, and control commands (air volume commands) for the outside air intake fan 131 and the exhaust fan 132, thereby controlling the entire system (see FIG. 7 ). Thus, the controller 140 generates charge / discharge power command values ​​for each storage battery unit 111 and the power conversion unit 120 based on measurement information from the storage battery units 111 (such as charge / discharge power, battery cell temperature, SOC, and SOH information), measurement information from the power conversion unit 120 (such as charge / discharge power and temperature information for passive components), control command value information for various air conditioning devices (air conditioners and fans), and temperature measurement information for each aisle.

[0079] The storage battery unit 111 includes a plurality of storage battery modules 113 connected in series and parallel (see FIG. 8 ). Each storage battery module 113 is equipped with an exhaust fan 114, which is controlled by the BMU 112 in the storage battery unit 111. The BMU 112 manages the SOC information of the storage battery unit 111, estimates the SOH information, and manages the cell temperature of each storage battery cell 1131 based on the temperature measurement results of each storage battery cell 1131 output from each storage battery module 113 and the measurement results of the output DC voltage and current of the storage battery module 113. Specifically, the BMU 112 performs temperature management by controlling the exhaust fan 114 before the temperature of the storage battery cell 1131 in each storage battery module 113 deviates from the temperature management range. The temperature measurement results of each storage battery cell 1131 in each storage battery module 113, the airflow command value of the exhaust fan 114, and the measured storage battery DC voltage and current of the storage battery module 113 are managed by the BMU 112, and when a transmission request is received from the controller 140, this information is output along with information such as SOC and SOH.

[0080] The power storage module 113 has storage battery cells 1131 arranged in series, and temperature sensors 1132a to 1132m for measuring temperature are installed in each storage battery cell 1131 (see FIG. 9 ). The temperature sensor 1132 (internal battery temperature measurement unit) notifies the BMU 112 of the measured temperature information of each storage battery cell 1131. The output DC current of the storage battery module 113 is measured by a current sensor 1133, and the output DC voltage is measured by a voltage sensor 1134. The measurement results are then notified to and managed by the BMU 112 shown in FIG. 8 .

[0081] The DC voltage output from the power storage unit 111 is converted to an AC voltage by a DC / AC conversion circuit 1202, and high-frequency components are removed by a filter circuit 1203, and the AC voltage is output (see FIG. 10 ). The DC / AC conversion control circuit 1201 communicates with the controller 140 via a communication I / F circuit 1204. The controller 140 notifies the DC / AC conversion control circuit 1201 of a charge / discharge power command value and an air volume command value for the exhaust fan 1205. The DC / AC conversion control circuit 1201 controls the DC / AC conversion circuit 1202 based on the notified charge / discharge command value, and also controls the exhaust fan 1205 based on the air volume command value notified by the controller 140. Furthermore, the DC / AC conversion control circuit 1201 collects various temperature measurement results within the power conversion unit 120 output from temperature sensor p 1206p, temperature sensor q 1206q, in-rack temperature sensor a 1207a, and in-rack temperature sensor c 1207c, and notifies the controller 140 at a predetermined period (one minute period in this embodiment 1).

[0082] Here, the operation of the controller 140 will be described. The controller 140 controls the storage battery system 10 (see FIGS. 7 and 11 ). FIGS. 17A and 17B are flowcharts illustrating the operation of the controller 140 controlling the storage battery system 10 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIGS. 17A and 17B , when the processing of the controller 140 starts, the system control management circuit 1409 initializes various parameters in S201. Specifically, the system control management circuit 1409 notifies each power conversion unit 120 of a charge / discharge power command value of “zero” via the intra-container communication I / F circuit 1401 and collects measurement results from various temperature sensors. Similarly, the system control management circuit 1409 collects current SOC and SOH information, as well as temperature measurement results of each storage battery cell 1131, the operating status of the exhaust fan 114, and the like, from the BMU 112 in the storage battery unit 111 via the intra-container communication I / F circuit 1401. Furthermore, after collecting temperature information of each aisle in the container and outside air temperature information via the temperature sensor information receiving I / F 1403, the operating status of the air conditioners 130a to 130c is collected via the air conditioner communication I / F circuit 1404, and the operating status of various fans is collected via the fan equipment control I / F circuit 1405.

[0083] After the initialization of various control parameters and the start of information collection are completed in S201, the system control management circuit 1409 checks in S202 whether it is time to measure (whether one-minute periodic processing has started). If the answer is No in S202, the system control management circuit 1409 waits until the measurement time arrives. If the answer is Yes in S202, the system control management circuit 1409 collects the temperature measurement results of each aisle in the container and the outside air temperature measurement results via the temperature sensor information reception I / F 1403 (S203). After completing S203, the system control management circuit 1409 collects the current SOC and SOH information, as well as the temperature measurement results of each storage battery cell 1131 and the operating status of the exhaust fan 114, from the BMU 112 in the storage battery unit 111 via the intra-container communication I / F circuit 1401 in S204. After completing S204, the system control management circuit 1409 collects the status information (airflow command value information) of each fan in the container in S205. When S205 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 collects status information (set temperature, air volume, air direction, intake air temperature, cool air temperature, power consumption, etc.) of each air conditioner 130 in S206. When S206 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 collects various types of temperature information within the power conversion unit 120 and status information (air volume command value information) of the exhaust fan 1205 in S207. In the first embodiment, the various types of measurement data are temporarily stored in the memory circuit 1406.

[0084] Upon completing collection of information such as various measurement results, the system control management circuit 1409 stores the temperature measurement results in the storage circuit 1406 in each database shown in FIG. 12 (S208). Specifically, a database is constructed in the converter temperature prediction database 14082 using the intake air temperature from the hot aisle collected from the power conversion unit 120, the charge / discharge power information of the power conversion unit 120, the airflow rate of the exhaust fan 1205, the switching devices in the DC / AC conversion circuit 1202 and the filter reactor in the filter circuit 1203, which are passive elements, and the exhaust air temperature to the exhaust aisle. At this time, a database is also constructed for the grid-connection reactor. This database predicts the intake air temperature from the hot aisle, the charge / discharge power information of the power conversion unit 120, and the airflow rate of the exhaust fan 1205, which are passive elements, and the switching devices in the DC / AC conversion circuit 1202 and the filter reactor in the filter circuit 1203, which are passive elements, and the exhaust air temperature to the exhaust aisle. Regarding the grid-connection reactor 150, the temperature of the grid-connection reactor 150 is predicted from the temperature information of the hot aisle and the charge / discharge power of the entire battery storage system 10. As with the CEMS 3, the method of constructing the database is not relevant to the main points of this disclosure and will not be described here. In the first embodiment, the database is configured as a four-rack database, with two units in the same converter rack combined. Needless to say, a database may be created for each power conversion unit 120.

[0085] Similarly, the storage battery temperature prediction database 14084 is constructed using the charge / discharge power (calculated using DC voltage and current) of each storage battery module 113 collected from the storage battery unit 111, the airflow rate of the exhaust fan 114, the cool aisle temperature, temperature information of each storage battery cell 1131 (a passive element), and the hot aisle temperature. This database receives as input the cool aisle temperature (in the first embodiment, the average temperature of the cool aisle into which the storage battery unit 111 takes in air is used), the charge / discharge power of the storage battery module 113 (in the first embodiment, the charge / discharge power of the entire storage battery unit 111 is used by summing all of the above), and the airflow rate of the exhaust fan 114 (in the first embodiment, the airflow of the entire storage battery unit 111 is calculated by summing all of the above), and predicts the temperature of the storage battery cell 1131 (a passive element) and the hot aisle temperature (in the first embodiment, the temperature is calculated using the average temperature measured by the temperature sensor installed in the hot aisle into which the storage battery unit 111 exhausts air). As with the above, the method of constructing the database is not relevant to the main point of this disclosure and will not be described here. In the first embodiment, the database is configured to cover four racks, each containing two battery units 111 installed in the same battery rack 110. It goes without saying that a database may be created for each battery unit 111.

[0086] The fan and air-conditioning control database 14086 is constructed using the intake air temperature to each air conditioner 130 collected from the air conditioners 130a to 130c (in the first embodiment, the database is constructed using the average value of the measured temperature information of the exhaust aisle when the air conditioner 130 is taking in air from the exhaust aisle, and the measured value of the outside air temperature when the air conditioner 130 is taking in outside air. When constructing the database, information regarding which method is being used is also managed (stored) as a flag), the set temperature, the air volume, the air direction, the power consumption information of the air conditioner 130, and the cool air temperature output from the air conditioner 130 (collected from temperature sensor information in the air conditioner 130, not shown in the first embodiment). Similarly, the database is constructed in the fan and air-conditioning control database 14086 using the air volume and power consumption information collected from various fans (including the outside air intake fan 131 and the exhaust fan 132 arranged in the container, as well as the exhaust fan 114 arranged in the storage battery module 113 and the exhaust fan 1205 arranged in the power conversion unit 120). Specifically, for the air conditioner 130, the intake air temperature, set temperature, air volume, and air direction are input to predict the output temperature of cool air to the cool aisle and the power consumption of the air conditioner 130. Similarly, for various fans, power consumption is predicted from air volume. As above, the method of constructing the database is not relevant to the main points of this disclosure and will not be described here. In addition, in the first embodiment, a database is constructed for each air conditioner 130. Furthermore, for a general fan, power consumption is proportional to the square of the air volume. Therefore, it goes without saying that the power consumption for a reference air volume can be stored in the database and calculated using a formula.

[0087] Once the construction of the database in the container temperature prediction and management circuit 1408 (S208) is completed as described above, in S209, the exhaust aisle temperature measurement results (in the first embodiment, the average of the exhaust aisle temperature measurement results is used) are compared with the outside air temperature measurement results. If the average exhaust aisle temperature is higher than the outside air temperature (Yes in S209), outside air is sucked in and the warm air in the exhaust aisle is exhausted to the outside. Therefore, in S210, the outside air suction fans 131a to 131c and the exhaust fans 132a to 132d are turned on, and a circulation fan (not shown) for supplying exhaust aisle air to the air conditioners 130a to 130c is stopped. In the first embodiment, the total air volume of the outside air suction fans 131a to 131c is set to be slightly larger than the air volume of the exhaust fans 132a to 132d to prevent the warm air in the exhaust aisle from mixing with the intake outside air. On the other hand, if the result of S209 is No, in S211, the outside air suction fans 131a to 131c and the exhaust fans 132a to 132d are stopped, and a circulation fan (not shown) is turned on. Note that the air volume of the outside air suction fans 131a to 131c or the circulation fan is determined based on the temperature difference between the set temperature of the air conditioners 130a to 130c and the temperature of the air taken in by the air conditioners 130a to 130c, and the air volume.

[0088] After S210 or S211 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 checks in S212 whether a measurement data transmission request (every 30 minutes) has been received from the CEMS 3. If the answer is Yes in S212, the system control management circuit 1409 estimates the SOH (storage battery health rate: the ratio of the current charge power capacity to the initial charge power capacity of the storage battery: State of Health) of each storage battery unit in S213. Note that the method for estimating the SOH is not relevant to the main points of this disclosure and will be omitted here; however, it is estimated using 30-minute charge / discharge power, the average temperature of the storage battery cells 1131, the average SOC (State of Charge) of the storage battery cells, and the like. In the first embodiment, the SOH is configured to be estimated every 30 minutes, but this is not a limitation, and it goes without saying that it may be estimated, for example, once a day. When the SOH estimation is completed in S213, the system control management circuit 1409 in the controller 140 transmits the information related to the storage battery system 10 (charge / discharge power, SOH, SOC information, power command change request, current command value information, etc.) collected in S214 to the CEMS 3 via the external container communication I / F circuit 1402.

[0089] When S212 is No or S214 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 determines in S215 whether to create an operation plan for the container equipment. FIGS. 18A and 18B show detailed flow charts of S215 shown in FIG. 17B . FIGS. 18A and 18B are flowcharts showing the operation of the controller 140, which controls the battery storage system 10 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure, for determining whether to create an operation plan for the container equipment. As shown in FIGS. 18A and 18B , when the determination to create an operation plan for the container equipment is started, the system control management circuit 1409 reads the power command values ​​for each storage battery unit 111 from the storage circuit 1406 in S301. After S301 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 reads the airflow command values ​​for each fan from the storage circuit 1406 in S302 and the air conditioning equipment command values ​​(set temperature, airflow, and air direction) from the storage circuit 1406 in S303.

[0090] When S303 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 instructs the system control command value generation circuit 1407 to predict the temperatures of the storage battery cells 1131 in each storage battery unit 111 in S304, the temperatures of the cool aisle and hot aisle in S305, the temperatures of the passive components in each power conversion unit 120 in S306, and the temperature of the exhaust aisle in S307. Upon receiving the instructions from the system control management circuit 1409, the system control command value generation circuit 1407 instructs the container internal temperature prediction and management control circuit 14087 in the container internal temperature prediction and management circuit 1408 to predict the temperatures of the storage battery cells 1131 in each storage battery unit 111.

[0091] Upon receiving the instruction, the control circuit 14087 for the container temperature prediction and management unit stores the charge / discharge power of each storage battery unit 111 collected from the storage battery temperature management circuit 14083, the temperature measurement results of the storage battery cells 1131 in the storage battery unit 111 (in the first embodiment, the average value of the measured temperatures of all storage battery cells 1131 in the storage battery unit 111, the maximum and minimum values ​​of the storage battery cell temperatures are calculated and the results are used), the total airflow rate of all exhaust fans 114 in the storage battery unit 111, the average value of the temperature measurement results of the cool aisle area into which the storage battery unit 111 draws, and the average value of the temperature measurement results of the hot aisle area into which the storage battery unit 111 exhausts in the storage battery unit 111, and updates the contents of the storage battery temperature prediction database 14084.

[0092] Specifically, this database is configured to store values ​​30 minutes from now based on conditions acquired 30 minutes earlier. The container temperature prediction / management unit control circuit 14087 reads all data stored as 30-minute-old data based on the conditions previously acquired from the battery temperature prediction database 14084, and compares the currently acquired data with the data acquired 30 minutes from now stored in the battery temperature prediction database 14084. If the comparison results in a difference value that is within a predetermined range, the control circuit 14087 takes the average of the battery cell 1131 temperatures (average, maximum, and minimum values) and hot aisle average temperature data acquired 30 minutes from now stored in the battery temperature prediction database 14084, and the current measurement results (the battery cell 1131 temperatures (average, maximum, and minimum values) and hot aisle average temperature data), and updates the specified information in the database. Note that in the first embodiment, if the difference value is not within the predetermined range, the database is not updated. Furthermore, in the first embodiment, if the command value is updated before the 30-minute cycle (when a power command value change request is made in S511, which will be described later), the database is not updated. As mentioned above, the method of constructing the database is not related to the key points of the present disclosure, and it goes without saying that other configurations may be used instead of the configuration shown in the first embodiment. Furthermore, in the first embodiment, a database is used to predict various temperatures, but this is not limiting, and it goes without saying that a battery system model may be constructed and used for prediction, for example. Furthermore, predictions may be made by learning past measurement results using AI or the like.

[0093] When the control circuit 14087 for the container temperature prediction and management unit completes updating the database of the storage battery temperature prediction database 14084, it searches the database based on the various information currently acquired and the charge / discharge command values ​​notified by the system control command value generation circuit 1407, and obtains the predicted temperatures of the storage battery cells 1131 and the hot aisle temperature 30 minutes from now.

[0094] Similarly, the container temperature prediction and management control circuit 14087 stores the charging and discharging power of each power conversion unit 120, the intake temperature from the hot aisle, the air volume of the exhaust fan 1205, the temperature measurement results of the switching device in the DC / AC conversion circuit 1202, which is a passive element in the power conversion unit 120, and the filter reactor in the filter circuit 1203, and the exhaust temperature to the exhaust aisle, all of which are collected by the converter temperature management circuit 14081, in the converter temperature prediction database 14082 and update the contents.

[0095] Similar to the storage battery temperature prediction database 14084 described above, the database is updated by storing the values ​​that will be obtained 30 minutes from now under the conditions obtained 30 minutes ago. The container temperature prediction / management unit control circuit 14087 reads all data stored as 30-minute-old data based on the conditions previously obtained from the converter temperature prediction database 14082, and compares the currently obtained data with the data obtained 30 minutes from now stored in the converter temperature prediction database 14082. If the comparison results in a difference value that is within a predetermined range, the database updates the information by taking the average of the temperature measurement results of the switching device in the DC / AC conversion circuit 1202, the filter reactor in the filter circuit 1203, the temperature measurement result of the interconnection reactor 150, and the exhaust temperature to the exhaust aisle, which are passive elements obtained 30 minutes from now and are stored in the converter temperature prediction database 14082, and the current measurement results. Note that in the first embodiment, the database is not updated if the difference value is not within the predetermined range. Furthermore, if the command value has been updated 30 minutes prior, the database is not updated in this embodiment 1. In this embodiment 1, the two power conversion units 120 arranged in the converter rack are managed as one power conversion device in the same database.

[0096] Next, the fan and air conditioning control database 14086 will be described. The fan and air conditioning control database 14086 uses the intake air temperature, set temperature, air volume, and air direction for each air conditioner 130, power consumption information for the air conditioner 130, and the cool air temperature output from the air conditioner 130, all of which are collected from the air conditioners 130a to 130c, to construct a database (for predicting power consumption and cool aisle temperatures) in the fan and air conditioning control database 14086. Similarly, the database uses air volume and power consumption information collected from various fans (including the outside air intake fan 131 and exhaust fan 132 arranged in the container, as well as the exhaust fan 114 arranged in the storage battery module 113 and the exhaust fan 1205 arranged in the power conversion unit 120) to construct a database in which the command values ​​notified to each air conditioner are input and the power consumption (actual measured value) of each air conditioner is output.

[0097] As mentioned above, the method of constructing the database is not related to the key points of the present disclosure, and it goes without saying that other configurations may be used instead of the configuration shown in the first embodiment. Furthermore, while the first embodiment uses a database to predict various temperatures, this is not limited to this, and it goes without saying that a storage battery system model may be constructed and used for prediction. Furthermore, predictions may be made by learning past measurement results using AI or the like. As mentioned above, the fan database in the fan / air-conditioning control database 14086 may be constructed to construct a fan model to estimate power consumption, since power consumption is proportional to the square of the air volume. Furthermore, it goes without saying that the COP characteristics of the air conditioner 130 may be defined, and a model of the air conditioner 130 may be constructed using the COP to estimate power consumption.

[0098] 18A and 18B, once the estimation of various temperatures 30 minutes from now and the power consumption of each air conditioning device has been completed up to S307, the system control management circuit 1409 checks in S308 whether a power command value has been received from the CEMS 3. If the answer is Yes in S308, the CEMS_Plan_receive_flg is set in S309. On the other hand, if the answer is No in S308, the system control management circuit 1409 determines in S310 whether a change to the container equipment operation plan is necessary.

[0099] 19A and 19B show a detailed flow of the determination of whether to change the container equipment operation plan in S310. FIGS. 19A and 19B are flowcharts showing the operation of the controller 140, which controls the battery storage system 10 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure, for determining whether to create or modify the container equipment operation plan. As shown in FIGS. 19A and 19B , when the determination of whether to change the container equipment operation plan is started, the system control management circuit 1409 clears Plan_change_flg to zero in S401. After S401 ends, the system control management circuit 1409 calculates the average temperature in each storage battery unit 111 in S402. After S402 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 calculates the integrated value of the average temperature of each storage battery unit 111 in S403, and calculates the SOH of each storage battery unit in S404.

[0100] Upon completion of S404, the system control management circuit 1409 checks in S405 whether the temperature measurement result of the storage battery cell 1131 is below a predetermined value (within a predetermined range). If the answer is No in S405, the system control management circuit 1409 sets Plan_change_flg in S410 and ends the flow. If the answer is Yes in S405, the system control management circuit 1409 estimates in S406 whether the temperature of the storage battery cell 1131 will be below a predetermined value, for example, 30 minutes from now. If the answer is No in S406, the system control management circuit 1409 sets Plan_change_flg in S410 and ends the flow. If the answer is Yes in S406, the system control management circuit 1409 checks in S407 whether the current temperature measurement result of the passive components in the power conversion unit 120 is below a predetermined value (within a predetermined range). If the answer is No in S407, the system control management circuit 1409 sets Plan_change_flg in S410 and ends the flow. If S407 is Yes, S408 estimates whether the temperature of the passive components in the power conversion unit 120 will be below a predetermined value, for example, 30 minutes from now. If S408 is No, S410 sets Plan_change_flg and the flow ends. If S408 is Yes, S409 checks whether the variation in the integrated value of the average temperature of each storage battery unit 111 is below a predetermined value. If S409 is No, S410 sets Plan_change_flg and the flow ends. If S409 is Yes, the flow ends. Note that in the first embodiment, due to the structure of the database, the temperatures estimated in S406 and S408 are 30 minutes from now, but this is not limited to this and may be, for example, 5 minutes from now. Needless to say, the temperature at the time when the next charge / discharge command value is notified from the CEMS 3 may also be predicted and determined. In the first embodiment, two flags are prepared to distinguish between a case where a power command value has been received from the CEMS 3 and a case where an operation plan is required.

[0101] When S310 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 checks the Plan_change_flg in S311, and if it is not set (if it is determined that a change to the container equipment operation plan is not necessary (No in S311)), ends the determination of creation of the container equipment operation plan. On the other hand, if Yes is determined in S311 or S309 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 starts creation of the container equipment operation plan in S312.

[0102] 20A and 20B show detailed flow charts for creating a container equipment operation plan in step S312. FIGS. 20A and 20B are flowcharts illustrating operations for creating a container equipment operation plan in the controller 140 that controls the storage battery system 10 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIGS. 20A and 20B , when creation of a container equipment operation plan starts, the system control management circuit 1409 calculates an integrated value of the average temperature of each storage battery unit 111 in step S501. In the first embodiment, the integrated value is calculated by integrating the average temperatures of the storage battery cells 1131 in the storage battery units 111 collected at one-minute intervals. This is because deterioration due to the temperature of the storage battery cells 1131 accounts for a large proportion of the causes of deterioration of the storage battery cells. The calculated integrated value of the average temperature is used to estimate the deterioration progress of each storage battery unit 111. Specifically, a charge / discharge plan for each storage battery unit 111 is created assuming that the larger the integrated value of the temperature, the more severe the deterioration of the storage battery unit 111. It goes without saying that the same effect can be obtained by controlling based on the SOH information of each storage battery unit 111.

[0103] After S501 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 collects the temperatures of the storage battery cells 1131 in each storage battery unit 111 in S502, and collects the current average temperature, maximum temperature, and minimum temperature. After completing collection of the temperatures of the storage battery cells 1131 in S502, the system control management circuit 1409 collects temperature information of the passive components (switching devices and filter reactors) in the power conversion unit 120 and the interconnection reactor 150 in S503. After S503 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 checks in S504 whether an operation plan has been received from the CEMS 3 (whether CEMS_Plan_receive_flg is set). If the answer is No in S504, this means that it has been determined in S311 that a change to the equipment operation plan within the container is necessary (Plan_change_flg = 1), and therefore collects the number of storage battery units currently being charged or discharged and the power command value in S505. On the other hand, if the answer is Yes in S504, the charge / discharge power command value notified from the CEMS 3 is read from the memory circuit 1406 in S506, and the command values ​​for the air conditioning equipment (various fan air volumes, command values ​​for the air conditioner 130) are set to zero in S507.

[0104] After S507 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 determines the initial number of storage battery units to allocate power pro rata in S508. The system control management circuit 1409 divides the charge / discharge power command value notified from the CEMS 3 by the converter capacity of the power conversion unit 120, and rounds up the result to the nearest whole number to set the initial number. After S508 is completed, S505 is completed, or if S521 is No, the system control management circuit 1409 starts allocating the charge / discharge power of each storage battery unit 111 in S509.

[0105] FIG. 21 shows a detailed flow of charge / discharge energy allocation for each storage battery unit 111 in S509. FIG. 21 is a flowchart showing the operation of charge / discharge energy allocation by the controller 140 that controls the storage battery system 10 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 21 , when the charge / discharge energy allocation flow for each storage battery unit 111 starts, the system control management circuit 1409 reads the temperatures of the storage battery cells 1131 in each storage battery unit 111 from the storage circuit 1406 in S601. After S601 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 collects the integrated values ​​of the average temperatures of each storage battery unit 111 created in S501 in S602. After S602 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 collects the SOC information of each storage battery unit 111 stored in the storage circuit 1406 in S603. After S603 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 prioritizes the storage battery units 111. The system control management circuit 1409 determines the priority order in descending order of the integrated value of the average temperature of each storage battery unit 111 collected in S602. Note that the method of determining the priority order is not limited to the order of the integrated value of the average temperature of each storage battery unit 111. For example, based on the SOC information collected in S603, priority may be assigned in ascending order of SOC during charging and in descending order of SOC during discharging.

[0106] After completing the priority determination in S604, the system control management circuit 1409 determines the number of active battery units in S605. Specifically, as described above, the initial value is determined by dividing the charge / discharge power command value received from the CEMS 3 by the total capacity of the power conversion units 120 and rounding up the decimal point of the absolute value of the division result. This flow may be executed multiple times, but the next time it is executed, the number of active battery units is set to the previous number plus 1 (previous number + 1). In the first embodiment, rather than equally distributing the command values ​​from the CEMS 3 to each battery unit 111, the initial number is minimized to maximize the charge / discharge power of the battery units 111, thereby minimizing losses that occur during charging and discharging.

[0107] After completing the determination of the number of operating battery units in S605, the system control management circuit 1409 determines in S606 a power command value (charge / discharge power command value) for each storage battery unit 111. The system control management circuit 1409 divides the charge / discharge power command value notified from the CEMS 3 by the number of operating battery units calculated in S605, and assigns charge / discharge power command values ​​to the number of operating units, starting with the storage battery units 111 with the highest priority determined in S604, and assigns zero to the remaining units. Needless to say, the system may be configured to allocate the power proportionally, for example, according to the SOC ratio of each storage battery unit 111 (selected storage battery units 111) that will be charged or discharged (proration so that the larger the SOC is, the larger the power is allocated during discharging, and the smaller the SOC is, the larger the power is allocated during charging), or to allocate the power proportionally according to the SOH. When S606 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 determines that the allocation of the charge / discharge power amounts of each storage battery unit 111 is completed (S509 in FIG. 20A is completed).

[0108] After S509 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 checks whether the number of storage battery units 111 to which power was allocated in S510 exceeds the maximum number (whether it exceeds eight in this embodiment 1) (see FIG. 20B). If the answer is Yes in S510, the system control management circuit 1409 uses the current temperature information of the passive components (storage battery cells 1131, switching devices, filter reactors, and interconnection reactors 150), the current temperature measurement results of each aisle, the outside air temperature measurement results, and the charge / discharge command values ​​of each storage battery unit 111 to perform the following in the container temperature prediction / management circuit 1408: predict the temperature of each storage battery cell 1131 in each storage battery unit 111 30 minutes from now (S512), predict the temperature of the cool aisle and hot aisle 30 minutes from now (S513), predict the temperature of the passive components in the power conversion unit 120 and the interconnection reactor 30 minutes from now (S514), and predict the temperature of the exhaust aisle 30 minutes from now (S515), and obtains the results.

[0109] After S515 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 checks in S516 whether there are any problems by referencing the various temperature prediction results. Specifically, it checks whether the temperature prediction result of the storage battery cell 1131 in S512 and the temperature estimation result of the passive components in the power conversion unit 120 in S514 are within their respective temperature management ranges, and whether the temperatures of the cool aisle, hot aisle, and exhaust aisle are appropriate. For example, if the temperature prediction results in S512 and S514 are within the appropriate range but the temperature of each aisle is low, there is a possibility that the air conditioning equipment is overcooling. In this case, the airflow rate of each fan and the control command value for the air conditioner 130 are changed to appropriate control command values.

[0110] If the answer is Yes in S516, the system control management circuit 1409 clears the CEMS_Plan_receive_flg and Plan_change_flg in S522 and ends the creation of the container equipment operation plan. On the other hand, if the answer is No in S516, the system control management circuit 1409 changes the fan airflow volume in S517. In the first embodiment, the system control management circuit 1409 stores predetermined airflow volume table data in a memory (not shown) and changes the airflow volume. Note that different table data is used to change the airflow volume for the storage battery units 111 and power conversion units 120 that charge and discharge and for the storage battery units 111 and power conversion units 120 that do not charge and discharge. It goes without saying that the method of changing the airflow volume is not limited to using table data, and the fan may be modeled and the modeled fan may be used to determine the airflow volume.

[0111] After S517 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 checks in S518 whether the fan airflow command value is within a predetermined range. If it is within the predetermined range (the range in which the fan airflow command value can be taken) (Yes), the process returns to S512 and predicts various temperatures using the changed airflow command value. On the other hand, if S518 is No, all fan airflow command values ​​are changed to zero (initial value) in S519, and the set temperature, airflow, and air direction of the air conditioner 130 are changed in S520. After S520 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 checks in S521 whether the various command values ​​for the air conditioner 130 are within a predetermined range. If it is within the predetermined range (Yes), the process returns to S512 and predicts various temperatures using the changed airflow command value. On the other hand, if S521 is No, the process returns to S509 and allocates the charge / discharge power of each storage battery unit 111.

[0112] If the answer is No in S510, the system control management circuit 1409 determines that the current power command value from the CEMS 3 is not sufficient to properly manage the temperature of the storage battery cells 1131 using the battery system 10, and therefore continues operation using the current command value (the charge / discharge command value previously received from the CEMS 3). In S511, the system control management circuit 1409 sets a power command value change request flag. In S522, the system control management circuit 1409 clears CEMS_Plan_receive_flg and Plan_change_flg to end creation of the intra-container equipment operation plan (ends S312 in FIG. 18B ). Note that upon receiving the power command value change request flag, the system control management circuit 1409 notifies the CEMS 3 of this via the outside-container communication I / F circuit 1402 together with the measurement data (see the one-minute cycle flow in FIG. 13B ), and clears the power command value change request flag.

[0113] When the creation of the container equipment operation plan in S312 of FIG. 18B (the determination of creation of the container equipment operation plan in S215 shown in FIG. 17B) is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 returns to S202 and waits until the next one-minute period processing.

[0114] As described above, according to the storage battery system 10 of the first embodiment, the container is configured to be managed into three areas: a cool aisle that cools the storage battery units 111 (storage battery cells 1131); a hot aisle that exhausts the exhaust heat that has cooled the storage battery units 111; and an exhaust aisle that exhausts the exhaust heat that has cooled the passive components (switching devices and filter reactors) in the power conversion units 120 and the interconnection reactor 150 using the warm air from the hot aisle. Since the passive components in the power conversion units 120 and the interconnection reactor 150 are cooled using the exhaust air from the storage battery units 111, which have a low temperature control range, there is no need to install air conditioners to cool the passive components in the power conversion units and the interconnection reactor (for example, the temperature control range for lithium-ion storage batteries is approximately 5°C to 35°C, and the switching devices and reactors, which are passive components, are 100°C or higher, so they can be sufficiently cooled even if the temperature in the hot aisle is approximately 35°C), which has the effect of reducing the number of air conditioners and also reducing power consumption.

[0115] Furthermore, in the first embodiment, the temperature of the exhaust aisle is compared with the outdoor air temperature, and if the outdoor air temperature is lower, the air in the exhaust aisle is exhausted and outdoor air is taken in. This effectively reduces the power consumption of the air conditioner compared to circulating indoor air. Although the temperature management of the exhaust aisle is not specifically described in the first embodiment, if the air conditioner 130 and the airflow rates of the various fans (particularly the exhaust fan 1205) are controlled so that the storage battery cells 1131 in the storage battery units 111 are managed within a predetermined temperature management range and the temperature of the exhaust aisle is higher than the outdoor air, unnecessary power consumption of the air conditioner can be reduced, thereby effectively reducing power consumption. Furthermore, since the storage battery units 111 that perform charging and discharging are managed based on the average temperature of all the storage battery cells 1131 in the storage battery units 111, it is not necessary to unnecessarily lower the setting value of the air conditioner 130 or unnecessarily increase the airflow rate of the various fans to cool the storage battery cells 1131 in some storage battery units 111 when the average temperature of all the storage battery cells 1131 becomes high, which effectively reduces the power consumption of the air conditioner. Furthermore, in this embodiment 1, when determining the number of storage battery units 111, the number is determined so that the charging and discharging power of the storage battery units 111 is as large as possible, which has the effect of minimizing power loss in the power conversion units and storage battery units.

[0116] Second Embodiment In the first embodiment, when determining the priority of the storage battery units 111 in the storage battery system 10, the priority is determined based on the lowest integrated value of the average temperatures of the storage battery units 111 collected in S602 shown in Fig. 21. In the second embodiment, only the method of determining the priority of the storage battery units 111 and the method of generating the charge / discharge power command values ​​to be distributed proportionally to each storage unit 111 are different, and the remaining operations are the same, so a description of the operations will be omitted.

[0117] FIG. 22 is a flowchart illustrating the charge / discharge energy allocation operation of the controller 140 that controls the storage battery system 10 according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 22 , when the charge / discharge energy allocation flow for each storage battery unit 111 starts, the system control management circuit 1409 reads the temperatures of the storage battery cells 1131 in each storage battery unit 111 from the storage circuit 1406 in S601, as in the first embodiment. After S601 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 collects the integrated values ​​of the average temperatures of each storage battery unit 111 created in S501 of FIG. 20A in S602. After S602 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 collects the SOC information of each storage battery unit 111 stored in the storage circuit 1406 in S603. After S603 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 according to the second embodiment collects the SOH of each storage battery unit 111 in S610.

[0118] Upon completion of S605, in S611, the system control management circuit 1409 determines the priority of the storage battery units 111. In the second embodiment, based on the SOH information of each storage battery unit 111 collected in S610 as described above, the priority is determined starting from the storage battery module 111 with the largest SOH (the storage battery is not deteriorated).

[0119] After completing the determination of the priority order of the storage battery modules 111 in S611, the system control management circuit 1409 determines the number of active storage battery units in S605. In the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the initial value is determined by dividing the charge / discharge power command value received from the CEMS 3 by the total capacity of the power conversion units 120 and rounding up the decimal point of the absolute value of the division result. This flow may be executed multiple times. The next time this flow is executed, the number of active storage battery units is set to the previous number plus 1 (previous number + 1) (see the description of S509 in FIG. 20A ). After determining the number of active storage battery units in S605, the system control management circuit 1409 generates charge / discharge command values ​​for each storage battery unit 111 in S612. In the first embodiment, the command values ​​from the CEMS 3 are not evenly distributed to each storage battery unit 111, but rather the initial number is minimized to maximize the charge / discharge power of the storage battery units 111, thereby minimizing losses that occur during charging and discharging. In the second embodiment, control is performed to allocate charge / discharge power in accordance with the ratio of the SOH information collected in S610. Specifically, a larger charge / discharge power command value is allocated to the storage battery unit 111 with a larger SOH and a smaller charge / discharge power command value is allocated to the storage battery unit 111 with a smaller SOH. For example, when allocating 3 MW discharge to the storage battery unit 111 with an SOH of 0.8 and the storage battery unit 111 with an SOH of 0.4, 2 MW is allocated to the storage battery unit 111 with an SOH of 0.8 and 1 MW is allocated to the storage battery unit 111 with an SOH of 0.4. Note that the allocation of charge / discharge power is not limited to the above, and it goes without saying that more may be allocated to the larger battery unit and less to the smaller battery unit depending on the SOH. It goes without saying that the allocation of charge / discharge power may be equally divided as in the first embodiment, or allocated according to the SOC (more is allocated to the battery unit with a larger SOC during discharge and more is allocated to the battery unit with a smaller SOH during charge) rather than using the SOH size. In the second embodiment, when the allocation is determined equally or pro rata based on the SOC, it goes without saying that it is sufficient to only prioritize the storage battery units 111 to be used based on the SOH.When S612 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 determines that the allocation of the charge / discharge power amounts of each storage battery unit 111 is completed (S509 in FIG. 20A is completed).

[0120] After completing S509, in S512, the system control management circuit 1409 uses the current temperature information of the passive components (storage battery cells 1131, switching devices, filter reactors, and interconnection reactors 150), the current temperature measurement results of each aisle, the outside air temperature measurement results, and the charge / discharge command values ​​of each storage battery unit 111 to perform, in the container temperature prediction / management circuit 1408, a temperature prediction for each storage battery cell 1131 in each storage battery unit 111 30 minutes from now (S512), a temperature prediction for the cool aisle and hot aisle 30 minutes from now (S513), a temperature prediction for the passive components in the power conversion unit 120 and the interconnection reactor 30 minutes from now (S514), and a temperature prediction for the exhaust aisle 30 minutes from now (S515), and obtains the results.

[0121] As described above, the storage battery system 10 according to the second embodiment prioritizes storage battery modules 111 with higher SOH (less severely deteriorated storage battery modules) based on SOH information, allowing for the use of batteries with less severe deterioration. This allows all storage battery units in the storage battery system to be replaced simultaneously, reducing the number of maintenance operations and avoiding the use of storage battery units with significantly different rates of deterioration. This is because the capacity of a storage battery decreases as the storage battery deteriorates. For example, if a storage cell unit is used up to an SOH of 70%, the capacity of a storage battery unit with an SOH of 70% will be 70% of that of a new storage battery unit. If the storage battery capacities differ, for example, even when the same power is discharged from a storage battery unit with an SOC of 20%, the amount of charge power of the storage battery in the storage battery unit with an SOH of 70% will be 20% x 70%, which can cause problems such as the amount of charge power being reduced compared to a storage battery unit with an SOH of 100% and therefore reaching zero first. Therefore, in the second embodiment, the charge / discharge power is determined based on the magnitude of the SOH, which has the effect of avoiding the above-mentioned problems.

[0122] In the second embodiment, the priority of each storage battery unit 111 is determined based on the SOH, but this is not limiting. For example, after the SOC information collected in S603 is used for allocation, the prorated charge / discharge power command values ​​may be corrected (adjusted) based on the SOH information so as to allocate more charge / discharge power to storage battery units 111 with higher SOH. Needless to say, similar effects can be obtained by correcting the equally-distributed charge / discharge power command values ​​based on the SOH as shown in the first embodiment, correcting the equally-distributed charge / discharge power command values ​​based on current temperature information of the storage battery units 111 (increasing the charge / discharge power command values ​​for storage battery units 111 with lower temperatures), or correcting the equally-distributed charge / discharge power command values ​​based on the integration result of the average temperatures of the storage battery units 111 (increasing the charge / discharge power command values ​​for storage battery units 111 with lower integrated temperatures).

[0123] Third Embodiment In the first embodiment, the charge / discharge plan for the storage battery units 111 in the battery storage system 10 was created based on charge / discharge command value (power command value) information notified by the CEMS 3 every 30 minutes. In the third embodiment, the power command values ​​notified every 30 minutes are rotated among the storage battery units 111 in the battery storage system 10 to prevent heat from concentrating in any one storage battery unit 111. Specifically, the heat generation amount of each storage battery unit 111 is dispersed by creating an operation plan for each storage battery unit 111 within a 30-minute cycle (e.g., by switching the charge / discharge power command value for each storage battery unit 111 every 5 minutes). This minimizes the temperature rise due to the charging and discharging of the storage battery cells 1131 in each storage battery unit 111, and further reduces the load on the air conditioner by suppressing heat concentration. The operation will be described below using the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 23A to 26. Note that detailed descriptions of operations similar to those in the first and second embodiments will be omitted.

[0124] 23A and 23B are flowcharts illustrating the operation of the controller 140 that controls the storage battery system 10 according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIGS. 23A and 23B , when the processing of the controller 140 starts, the system control management circuit 1409 initializes various parameters in S201, as in the first embodiment, and then waits until the one-minute period processing start time in S202. If the answer is Yes in S202, the system control management circuit 1409 collects the temperature measurement results and the outside air temperature measurement results of each aisle in the container via the temperature sensor information receiving I / F circuit 1403 in S203, collects the current SOC and SOH information as well as the temperature measurement results of each storage battery cell 1131 and the operating status of the exhaust fan 114 from the BMU 112 in the storage battery unit 111 via the intra-container communication I / F circuit 1401 in S204, and collects the status information (airflow command value information) of each fan in the container in S205. After S205 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 collects status information (set temperature, air volume, air direction, intake air temperature, cool air temperature, power consumption, etc.) of each air conditioner 130 in S206, and collects various types of temperature information within the power conversion unit 120 and status information (air volume command value information) of the exhaust fan 1205 in S207. Note that, as in the first embodiment, the various types of measurement data are temporarily stored in the memory circuit 1406.

[0125] Upon completing collection of information such as various measurement results, the system control management circuit 1409 stores the temperature measurement results in the storage circuit 1406 in each database in the container temperature prediction and management circuit 1408 shown in FIG. 12 in S208. Since the method for constructing each database is the same as in the first embodiment, a description of the operation will be omitted in the third embodiment. Upon completing construction of the database in S208, the system control management circuit 1409 compares the temperature measurement results of the waste aisle (using the average of the temperature measurement results of the exhaust aisle, as in the first embodiment) with the outside air temperature in S209. As in the first embodiment, if the average temperature of the exhaust aisle is higher than the outside air temperature (Yes in S209), the system draws in outside air and exhausts the warm air in the exhaust aisle to the outside. Therefore, in S210, the system turns on the outside air suction fans 131a to 131c and the exhaust fans 132a to 132d and stops the circulation fan (not shown) that supplies the air in the exhaust aisle to the air conditioners 130a to 130c. As in the first embodiment, the total airflow of the outdoor air suction fans 131a-131c is set to be slightly greater than the airflow of the exhaust fans 132a-132d to prevent the warm air in the exhaust aisle from mixing with the intake outdoor air. If the answer to step S209 is No, the outdoor air suction fans 131a-131c and the exhaust fans 132a-132d are stopped in step S211, and a circulation fan (not shown) is turned on. The airflow rates of the outdoor air suction fans 131a-131c or the circulation fans are determined based on the total power consumption (power loss) of the battery storage system 10, including the power consumption of the air conditioners, estimated based on the difference between the set temperature of the air conditioners 130a-130c and the temperature of the air taken in by the air conditioners 130a-130c, as well as their airflow rates.

[0126] After completing S210 or S211, the system control management circuit 1409 checks in S212 whether it has received a measurement data transmission request (every 30 minutes) from the CEMS 3. If the answer is Yes in S212, the system control management circuit 1409 estimates the SOH of each storage battery unit in S213, and transmits the collected information related to the storage battery system 10 (various temperature measurement results, charge / discharge power, SOH, SOC information, power command change request, current command value information, etc.) to the CEMS 3 via the outside-container communication I / F circuit 1402 in S214.

[0127] When S212 is No or S214 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 checks in S220 whether it is time to change the charge / discharge command value. As described above, in the third embodiment, the charge / discharge command value of the storage battery unit 111 is switched multiple times within the 30-minute cycle in which the charge / discharge command value is notified from the CEMS 3, thereby dispersing the heat generated by the storage battery unit 111 and suppressing heat concentration. Note that the multiple switching of the charge / discharge command value is controlled by a control plan. This reduces the power consumption of air conditioning equipment, particularly the air conditioner 130, and minimizes the progression of storage battery deterioration by appropriately managing the temperature of the storage battery unit 111. For example, if the charge / discharge power command value from the CEMS 3 is 0.25 C (1 C is the charge power required to fully charge an empty storage battery with an SOH of 100% in one hour. The storage battery capacity is often equal to the total capacity of the DC / AC conversion circuit 1202 of the storage battery system 10. In the third embodiment, the storage battery capacity and the total capacity of the DC / AC conversion circuit 1202 of the storage battery system 10 are also assumed to be equal), as in the first embodiment, the third embodiment is configured with eight storage battery units 111. Therefore, two storage battery units 111 are controlled to be switched between, for example, at a five-minute cycle (within a 30-minute cycle, four storage battery units 111 complete charging / discharging and then charge / discharge again 15 minutes later). Note that the switching cycle is not limited to five minutes. Needless to say, the same effect can be obtained by determining that each storage battery unit 111 is used only once in 30 minutes, or by changing the switching time depending on the SOC or SOH of each storage battery unit 111.

[0128] By controlling as described above, charging and discharging stops after five minutes, cooling the storage battery units 111 that had been in use. This keeps the average power consumption of the storage battery cells 1131 over 30 minutes low, thereby suppressing battery deterioration. In the third embodiment, a detailed method for creating an operation plan will be described in the creation of an intracontainer equipment operation plan in S320, which will be described later. If the answer to S220 is Yes, the power command value for each storage battery unit 111 is changed in S221 based on the operation plan, which will be described later. If the answer to S220 is No or if S221 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 determines whether to create an operation plan for the container equipment in S222. FIGS. 24A and 24B show a detailed flow of the determination of creation of an operation plan for the container equipment in S222 shown in FIG. 23B. FIGS. 24A and 24B are flowcharts illustrating the operation of determining whether to create an intracontainer equipment operation plan by the controller 140 that controls the storage battery system 10 according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figures 24A and 24B, when the determination of the creation of an equipment operation plan within the container is started, the system control management circuit 1409 reads the power command value of each storage battery unit 111 from the memory circuit 1406 in S301, reads the air volume command value of each fan in S302, and reads the air conditioning equipment command values ​​(set temperature, air volume, and air direction) in S303 from the memory circuit 1406.

[0129] When S303 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 instructs the system control command value generation circuit 1407 to predict the temperatures of the storage battery cells 1131 in each storage battery unit 111 in S304, predict the temperatures of the cool aisle and hot aisle in S305, estimate the temperatures of the passive components and the interconnection reactors 150 in each power conversion unit 120 in S306, and predict the temperature of the exhaust aisle in S307. Upon receiving the instructions from the system control management circuit 1409, the system control management circuit 1409 instructs the container intra-temperature prediction and management control circuit 14087 in the container intra-temperature prediction and management circuit 1408 to predict the temperatures of the storage battery cells 1131 in each storage battery unit 111, as in the first embodiment.

[0130] When the control circuit 14087 for the container temperature prediction and management receives the instruction, it stores the charge / discharge power of each storage battery unit 111 collected from the storage battery temperature management circuit 14083, the temperature measurement results of the storage battery cells 1131 in the storage battery unit 111 (it calculates the average value of the measured temperatures of all storage battery cells 1131 in the storage battery unit 111, the maximum and minimum values ​​of the storage battery cell temperatures, and uses the results), the total air volume of all exhaust fans 114 in the storage battery unit 111, the average value of the temperature measurement results of the cool aisle area into which the storage battery unit 111 draws, and the average value of the temperature measurement results of the hot aisle area into which the storage battery unit 111 exhausts in the storage battery temperature prediction database 14084, and updates the contents.

[0131] In the third embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, the command value to the storage battery unit 111 is changed every 30 minutes. Therefore, in the third embodiment, the database is updated every minute. Specifically, this database is configured to store the values ​​that will be obtained one minute later under the conditions obtained one minute earlier. The control circuit 14087 for the container temperature prediction and management unit reads all data stored as one-minute-old data for the conditions previously obtained from the storage battery temperature prediction database 14087, and compares the currently obtained data with the data obtained one minute later that is stored in the storage battery temperature prediction database 14087. If the comparison results in the difference values ​​being within the respective predetermined ranges, the data in the database is updated by taking the average values ​​of the temperatures (average, maximum, and minimum) of the storage battery cells 1131 and the average hot aisle temperature data obtained one minute later that are stored in the storage battery temperature prediction database 14087, and the current measurement results (the temperatures (average, maximum, and minimum) of the storage battery cells 1131 and the average hot aisle temperature data). In the third embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the database is not updated if the difference value is not within a predetermined range. As mentioned above, the database construction method is not relevant to the main points of the present disclosure, and therefore a detailed description thereof will be omitted. It goes without saying that the database construction method may be other than the configuration shown in the third embodiment. The database update period does not need to be one minute, and the database may be rewritten when the command value of each storage battery unit 111 is updated. If the switching period of the storage battery units 111 is not constant, the database may be constructed by storing the number of minutes for which the storage battery units 111 have operated with the same command value. In the third embodiment, a database is used to predict various temperatures. However, this is not limited to this. It goes without saying that a storage battery system model may be constructed and used for prediction. Furthermore, predictions may be made by learning past measurement results using AI or the like.

[0132] When the container temperature prediction / management unit control circuit 14087 completes updating the storage battery temperature prediction database 14087, it searches the database based on the currently acquired various information and the charge / discharge command value notified by the system control command value generation circuit 1407 to obtain prediction results for the temperature of the storage battery cells 1131 and the hot aisle temperature one minute from now. In the third embodiment, six time threads with a 5-minute (regular) cycle are provided within 30 minutes, and an operation plan is created by allocating the storage battery units 111 to each time thread. Note that the method of creating the operation plan is not limited to this. For example, as in the first embodiment, the priority of each storage battery unit 111 may be determined in advance, and a charge / discharge command value (assignment of command values ​​to each storage battery unit 111 is the same as in the first embodiment) may be given to the storage battery unit 111 with the highest priority. The operation plan may be created so that the charge / discharge command value of the storage battery unit 111 is switched when the average temperature of the storage battery unit 111 or the average temperature of the storage battery cells 1131 is predicted to rise by a predetermined value or more.

[0133] In the third embodiment, the database for predicting each temperature (in S304, the temperature of the battery cells in each battery unit 111 and the temperature of the hot aisle) is configured in one-minute increments, as described above. Therefore, for a five-minute prediction, the next minute is predicted based on the one-minute prediction result, and the temperature one minute later is predicted using that prediction result. This is performed in accordance with the time slot period (five minutes in the third embodiment), and various temperatures are predicted for a predetermined time period. Note that the time constants required for the temperature of the battery cells 1131 and the hot aisle temperature to reach a steady state are different. In particular, passive components such as the battery cells 1131, switching devices, and reactors have small time constants, while the time constants of each aisle are large. Therefore, it goes without saying that the time slots may be set to a predetermined cycle, and the database may be configured based on the time slot cycle.

[0134] Similarly, the container temperature prediction and management control circuit 14087 stores the charging and discharging power of each power conversion unit 120, the intake air temperature from the hot aisle, the air volume of the exhaust fan 1205, the temperature measurement results of the switching device in the DC / AC conversion circuit 1202 and the filter reactor in the filter circuit 1203 which are passive elements in the power conversion unit 120, the temperature measurement results of the interconnection reactor 150, and the exhaust temperature to the exhaust aisle collected by the converter temperature management circuit 14081 in the converter temperature prediction database 14082 and updates the contents.

[0135] Similar to the storage battery temperature prediction database 14087 described above, the database is updated by storing the values ​​that will be obtained one minute later under the conditions obtained one minute earlier. The container temperature prediction / management unit control circuit 14087 reads all data stored as one-minute-old data based on the conditions previously obtained from the converter temperature prediction database 14082, and compares the currently obtained data with the data obtained one minute later stored in the converter temperature prediction database 14082. If the comparison results in a difference value that is within a predetermined range, the database updates the specified information by taking the average of the temperature measurement results of the switching device in the DC / AC conversion circuit 1202, the filter reactor in the filter circuit 1203, the temperature measurement result of the interconnection reactor 150, and the exhaust temperature to the exhaust aisle, which are passive elements obtained one minute later and are stored in the converter temperature prediction database 14082. Note that in the third embodiment, the database is not updated if the difference value is not within the predetermined range. Also, in the same manner as in the first embodiment, in the third embodiment, the two power conversion units 120 arranged in the converter rack are managed as one power conversion device in the same database.

[0136] Next, the fan and air conditioning control database 14086 will be described. The fan and air conditioning control database 14086 uses the intake air temperature, set temperature, air volume, air direction, power consumption information of the air conditioners 130, and the cool air temperature output from the air conditioners 130 collected from the air conditioners 130a to 130c to construct a database in the fan and air conditioning control database 14086. Similarly, the database uses air volume and power consumption information collected from various fans (including the outside air intake fan 131 and exhaust fan 132 arranged in the container, as well as the exhaust fan 114 arranged in the storage battery module 113 and the exhaust fan 1205 arranged in the power conversion unit 120) to construct a database so that the command values ​​notified to each air conditioner are input and the power consumption (actual measured value) of each air conditioner is output.

[0137] As mentioned above, the method for constructing the database is not relevant to the main points of this disclosure, and therefore will not be described here. It goes without saying that other configurations may be used instead of the configuration shown in the third embodiment. In the third embodiment, a database is used to predict various temperatures, but this is not limiting. It goes without saying that, for example, a storage battery system model may be constructed and used for prediction. Furthermore, predictions may be made by learning past measurement results using AI or the like. As mentioned above, the fan database in the fan / air-conditioning control database 14086 may be constructed to construct a fan model to estimate power consumption, since power consumption is proportional to the square of the air volume. It goes without saying that the COP characteristics of the air conditioner 130 may be defined, and a model of the air conditioner 130 may be constructed using the COP to estimate power consumption.

[0138] When the estimation of the various temperatures and the power consumption of each air conditioner after a predetermined time slot (five minutes since the storage battery units 111 are switched at five-minute (constant) intervals in the third embodiment) is completed up to S307 shown in FIG. 24A , the system control management circuit 1409 checks in S308 whether a power command value has been received from the CEMS 3. If the answer is Yes in S308, the CEMS_Plan_receive_flg is set in S309. On the other hand, if the answer is No in S308, the system control management circuit 1409 determines in S310 whether a change to the container equipment operation plan is necessary. Note that the determination of whether to change the container equipment operation plan in S310 is the same as that shown in FIGS. 19A and 19B , and therefore a description of the flow will be omitted.

[0139] When S310 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 checks the Plan_change_flg in S311, and if it is not set (determines that a change to the container equipment operation plan is not necessary; if the answer is No in S311), it ends the determination of creating the container equipment operation plan. On the other hand, if the answer is Yes in S311 or if S309 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 starts creating the container equipment operation plan in S312.

[0140] 25A to 25C show a detailed flow of creating a container intra-equipment operation plan. FIGS. 25A to 25C are flowcharts illustrating operations of creating a container intra-equipment operation plan by the controller 140 that controls the storage battery system 10 according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIGS. 25A to 25C , when creation of a container intra-equipment operation plan is started, in the third embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the system control management circuit 1409 calculates an integrated value of the average temperature of each storage battery unit in S501, collects temperatures of the storage battery cells 1131 in each storage battery unit 111 in S502, and collects temperature information of the passive components (switching devices and filter reactors) in the power conversion unit 120 and the interconnection reactor 150 in S503. After completing S503, the system control management circuit 1409 checks in S504 whether an operation plan has been received from the CEMS 3 (whether CEMS_Plan_receive_flg is set). If the answer is No in S504, it means that it was determined in S311 that a change in the equipment operation plan within the container is necessary (Plan_change_flg = 1), so the number of storage battery units currently being charged or discharged and the power command value are collected in S505. On the other hand, if the answer is Yes in S504, the charge / discharge power command value notified from the CEMS 3 is read from the memory circuit 1406 in S506, and the command values ​​for the air conditioning equipment (various fan air volumes, command value for the air conditioner 130) are set to zero in S507.

[0141] When S507 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 determines the initial number of storage battery units to which power is to be prorated in S508. In the third embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the initial number is determined by rounding up the absolute value of the result of dividing the charge / discharge power command value notified from the CEMS 3 by the converter capacity of the power conversion unit 120 to an integer. When S508 is completed or S505 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 determines the priority order of each storage battery unit 111 and generates charge / discharge power command values ​​in S540.

[0142] FIG. 26 shows a detailed flow of determining the priority of each storage battery unit 111 and generating charge / discharge power command values ​​in S540. FIG. 26 is a flowchart showing the operation of determining the priority of each storage battery unit 111 and generating charge / discharge power command values ​​in the controller 140 that controls the storage battery system 10 according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 26 , when the flow of allocating charge / discharge power amounts to each storage battery unit 111 starts, the system control management circuit 1409 reads the temperatures of the storage battery cells 1131 in each storage battery unit 111 from the storage circuit 1406 in S601, collects the integrated values ​​of the average temperatures of each storage battery unit 111 created in S501 in S602, and collects the SOC information of each storage battery unit 111 stored in the storage circuit 1406 in S603. In the third embodiment, after completing S603 as in the second embodiment, the system control management circuit 1409 collects the SOH of each storage battery unit in S610. After completing collection of the SOH in S610, the system control management circuit 1409 determines the priority order and the time width of the time slots to be used in creating an operation plan for the storage battery units 111 in S611. In the third embodiment, the rotation order of the storage battery units 111 is basically adhered to. Specifically, the priority order of the storage battery units 111 is determined based on the previous rotation order. Furthermore, when determining the priority order, control is performed so that the priorities of the storage battery units 111 within the same storage battery rack 120 are not consecutive. It goes without saying that the above content may be configured similarly in the first or second embodiment.

[0143] After determining the priority order, the time slot time for each storage battery unit 111 is determined. In the third embodiment, the time slot time is set to a 5-minute cycle as described above. The time slot time may be changed cycle by cycle. In this case, the time slot time may be determined based on, for example, the currently measured temperature, SOC information, and SOH information of the storage battery unit 111. Specifically, the time slot time is shortened for a storage battery unit 111 with a high temperature or a storage battery unit 111 with a low SOH. Alternatively, when a charge / discharge command value that would prevent the storage battery unit 111 from pausing is received from the CEMS 3, the charge / discharge command value is reduced as much as possible to suppress a temperature rise in the storage battery unit 111. Furthermore, when discharging from a storage battery unit 111 with a low SOC or charging to a storage battery unit 111 with a high SOC, the priority of the storage battery unit 111 is lowered or the charge / discharge power command value is reduced to suppress over-discharge or over-charge. It goes without saying that the method for determining the time slot time is not limited to the above, and for example, half of the storage battery units 111 may be rotated, or may be rotated more than once (for example, twice) within the charging / discharging power reception period from the CEMS 3.

[0144] After completing the determination of the priority order and time slot time in S611, the system control management circuit 1409 determines the number of operating battery units in S605. As in the first embodiment, in the third embodiment, the initial value is determined by dividing the charge / discharge power command value received from the CEMS 3 by the total capacity of the power conversion units 120 and rounding up the decimal point of the absolute value of the division result. This flow may be executed multiple times, but the next time it is executed, the number of operating battery units is set to the previous number plus 1 (previous number + 1).

[0145] After completing the determination of the number of operating battery units in S605, the system control management circuit 1409 determines the power command value (charge / discharge power command value) for each battery unit 111 in S620 (ends S540 in FIG. 25A). In the third embodiment, the system control management circuit 1409 calculates the charge / discharge command value to be given to the battery unit 111 by dividing the charge / discharge power command value notified from the CEMS 3 by the number of operating battery units calculated in S605.

[0146] 25A is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 creates an operation plan. Specifically, in S541, a storage battery unit 111 is selected based on the priority of each storage battery unit 111 determined in S611, and a rotation time is determined. In the third embodiment, a case will be described in which the rotation time is set to 5 minutes as described above. Note that the rotation time may be changed for each storage battery unit 111. In this case, it goes without saying that the same effect can be achieved by configuring the system to check various temperature estimation results and determine various command values ​​at the timing of switching between storage battery units 111 based on the operation plan.

[0147] Once the initial combination of storage battery units 111 is determined, the system control management circuit 1409 generates air conditioning control command values ​​for each air conditioner 130 in S542 and generates air volume command values ​​for each fan in S543. In the first embodiment, as shown in the flows in FIGS. 20A and 20B , the fan air volumes and the control command values ​​for the air conditioners 130 are gradually increased from "zero," and the temperature of the storage battery units 111 after 30 minutes and the temperatures of the switching devices, filter reactors, and grid-connection reactors 150, which are passive components in the power conversion unit 120, are estimated, and control command values ​​within a predetermined range are determined. In the third embodiment, table data is used that outputs control command values ​​(temperature setting, air volume, and air direction) for each air conditioner 130 and the air volume command values ​​for each fan based on the charge / discharge power of each storage battery unit 111, current temperature information (measured values ​​and estimated values) of the storage battery units 111, temperature information (measured values ​​and estimated values) of the various aisles, and outside air temperature information. It goes without saying that the table data may be generated using AI, etc. Also, it goes without saying that the control command values ​​that satisfy the conditions may be determined by a round-robin approach as shown in the first embodiment.

[0148] After completing S543, the system control management circuit 1409 estimates various temperatures immediately before rotation for each storage battery unit 111 (this is performed for all storage battery units 111, including storage battery units 111 that are not being charged or discharged). Specifically, the system control management circuit 1409 predicts the temperature of the storage battery cells 1131 in each storage battery unit 111 in S544, the temperature of the cool aisle and the hot aisle in S545, the temperature of the passive components (switching devices and filter reactors) in the power conversion unit 120 and the interconnection reactor 150 in S546, and the temperature of the exhaust aisle in S547. Note that, as in the first embodiment, each temperature prediction method uses various databases in the container temperature prediction and management circuit 1408. Note that, although data for one minute later is stored in the database, in the third embodiment, the estimation result for one minute later is repeated five times to estimate various temperatures for five minutes later; however, the other operations are the same as those in the first embodiment, and therefore will not be described in detail.

[0149] After S547 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 checks whether there are any problems with the various predicted temperatures in S548. Specifically, the system control management circuit 1409 estimates the temperature of each storage battery unit 111 immediately before the rotation of the storage battery unit 111, and the temperatures of the switching device, filter reactor, and interconnection reactor 150, which are passive components in the power conversion unit 120, and checks whether they are within a predetermined range.

[0150] If the answer is Yes in S548, it is checked in S554 whether the operation plans for all time slots within the 30-minute cycle have been completed. If they have been completed (Yes in S554), CEMS_Plan_receive_flg and Plan_change_flg are cleared in S522, and the creation of the in-container equipment operation plan is terminated. On the other hand, if the answer is No in S554 or S552 is terminated, the process returns to S541, and the operation plan for the next time slot is created and the subsequent flow is repeated. Note that when estimating the various temperatures during this repetition, the various temperatures estimated when the operation plan for the previous time slot was confirmed are used.

[0151] If the answer is No in S548, the system control management circuit 1409 checks in S549 whether the number of storage battery units 111 in use per time slot can be changed. In the third embodiment, by increasing the number of storage battery units 111 that are charged or discharged per time slot, the amount of heat generated per storage battery unit 111 is reduced, thereby suppressing a temperature rise in the storage battery units 111. Therefore, if the answer is No in S549, the system control management circuit 1409 determines that the storage battery system 10 cannot appropriately manage the temperature of the storage battery cells 1131 with the current power command value from the CEMS 3, so continues operation with the current command value (the charge / discharge command value previously received from the CEMS 3), sets a power command value change request flag in S553, and clears CEMS_Plan_receive_flg and Plan_change_flg in S522, thereby ending creation of the container equipment operation plan. When the power command value change request flag is received, the system control management circuit 1409 notifies the CEMS 3 of this fact together with the measurement data via the outside-container communication I / F circuit 1402 in S213 (see FIG. 23B) (see the one-minute cycle flow in FIG. 13B), and clears the power command value change request flag.

[0152] On the other hand, if the result in S549 is Yes, the time of the time slot for which the result in S550 was NG and various command value information (including command value information for air conditioners) are collected. Then, in S551, the storage battery units 111 that do not satisfy the temperature condition are extracted. In S552, the storage battery units 111 with the highest priority are selected from the storage battery units 111 scheduled to be used in the next time slot. In S552, the power command values ​​are again prorated with one additional storage battery unit added. In the third embodiment, the total charge / discharge power command values ​​for the storage battery units 111 that do not satisfy the temperature condition are equally distributed in the ratio (the number of storage battery units 111 that do not satisfy the temperature condition + 1). Note that the distribution method is not limited to this. For example, even if the distribution ratio is determined based on the proportion of the predicted passive components that do not satisfy the temperature condition (estimated temperature - temperature condition), the charge / discharge command values ​​for the storage battery units 111 that deviate from the temperature condition can be reduced in proportion to the deviation, thereby effectively suppressing temperature rise. Furthermore, it goes without saying that the method of determining the allocation ratio may be obtained by dividing the charge / discharge power command value notified by CEMS3 by the number of storage battery units 111 selected in the time slot in which the NG was returned plus 1 (number of storage battery units 111 + 1).

[0153] When S552 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 returns to S541 and repeats the following flow to create an operation plan for the time slot where problems were found in the various predicted temperatures in S548. Note that when returning in S552, the various temperature information used when planning the previous time slot (the time slot where the current failure was found) is used to estimate the various temperatures.

[0154] Then, if the temperature of the storage battery unit 111 and the temperature estimation results of the switching device, filter reactor, and interconnection reactor 150, which are passive components within the power conversion unit 120, are within a predetermined range in S548 (Yes in S548), the operation plan up to that point is confirmed, and if the answer is No in S554, the operation plan for the next time slot is formulated.

[0155] As described above, in the third embodiment, once the creation of the first operation plan for each storage battery unit 111 is completed, the next operation plan is created. Specifically, the storage battery unit 111 for which the next operation plan is to be created is selected based on the priority of each storage battery unit 111, and the rotation time is determined (fixed to 5 minutes in the third embodiment). Once the first combination of storage battery units 111 is determined, the temperatures of each storage battery unit 111 immediately before the rotation of each storage battery unit 111, as well as the temperatures of the switching devices, filter reactors, and interconnection reactors 150, which are passive components in the power conversion unit 120, are estimated and checked to see if they are within a predetermined range. At this time, the temperatures of each aisle, etc. are also estimated. If they are within a predetermined range, various temperatures of the other storage battery units 111 are also estimated. In this manner, an operation plan is created for the period until the next charge / discharge command value is received from the CEMS 3 (30 minutes in the third embodiment).

[0156] On the other hand, if the answer is Yes in S554, the system control management circuit 1409 clears CEMS_Plan_receive_flg and Plan_change_flg in S522 and ends the creation of the container equipment operation plan (end of S320 in Figure 24B).

[0157] When the creation of the container equipment operation plan in S320 shown in FIG. 24B (the determination of the creation of the container equipment operation plan in S222 shown in FIG. 23B) is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 returns to S202 and waits until the next one-minute period processing.

[0158] As described above, according to the storage battery system 10 of the third embodiment, the power command value notified at 30-minute intervals is rotated among the storage battery units 111 in the storage battery system 10, thereby controlling the heat so as not to concentrate in one storage battery unit 111. Therefore, the storage battery system 10 has a container divided into a cool aisle that cools the storage battery units 111 (storage battery cells 1131), a hot aisle that exhausts the exhaust heat that has cooled the storage battery units 111, and an exhaust aisle that exhausts the exhaust heat that has cooled the passive components (switching devices and filter reactors) in the power conversion unit 120 and the interconnection reactor 150 with the warm air from the hot aisle. By configuring the system to manage the temperature in three areas in the hot aisle, and by using the exhaust air from the storage battery unit 111, which has a low temperature control range, to cool the passive components in the power conversion unit 120 and the grid-connection reactor 150, there is no need to install air conditioners to cool the passive components in the power conversion unit 120 and the grid-connection reactor 150 (for example, the temperature control range for a lithium-ion storage battery is approximately 5°C to 35°C, and the switching device and reactor, which are passive components, are 100°C or higher, so they can be sufficiently cooled even if the temperature in the hot aisle is approximately 35°C), which has the effect of reducing the number of air conditioners and also reducing power consumption.

[0159] Furthermore, in the third embodiment, the temperature of the exhaust aisle is compared with the outdoor air temperature. If the outdoor air temperature is lower, the air in the exhaust aisle is exhausted and outdoor air is taken in. This configuration reduces the power consumption of the air conditioner more effectively than circulating indoor air. As in the first embodiment, the temperature management of the exhaust aisle is not specifically described in the third embodiment. However, if the air conditioner 130 and the airflow rates of the various fans (particularly the exhaust fan) are controlled so that the storage battery cells 1131 in the storage battery units 111 are managed within a predetermined temperature management range and the temperature of the exhaust aisle is higher than the outdoor air, unnecessary power consumption of the air conditioner can be reduced, thereby reducing power consumption. Furthermore, by configuring the storage battery units 111 that perform charging and discharging to be managed based on the average temperature of all the storage battery cells 1131 within the storage battery units 111, it is possible to avoid the need to unnecessarily lower the setting value of the air conditioner 130 or unnecessarily increase the airflow rate of the various fans to cool the high average temperature of all the storage battery cells 1131 in some storage battery units 111, thereby reducing the power consumption of the air conditioner. In addition, in this embodiment 1, when determining the number of storage battery units 111, the number is determined so that the charging and discharging power of the storage battery units 111 is as large as possible, which has the effect of minimizing power loss in the power conversion unit 120 and the storage battery units 111.

[0160] Fourth Embodiment In the first embodiment, when determining the charge / discharge plan for the storage battery units 111 in the storage battery system 10, the plan was created based on the storage battery operation plan (charge / discharge command value) information notified from the CEMS 3 every 30 minutes. In the fourth embodiment, when creating an operation plan for each storage battery unit 111 in the storage battery system 10 based on the storage battery operation plan (charge / discharge command value) notified every 30 minutes, the operation plan is created so as to minimize the power loss (power consumption) in the storage battery system 10, including the air conditioning equipment. Therefore, the fourth embodiment differs only in the flow for creating an operation plan for the container equipment. Below, the operations when creating an operation plan for the container equipment will be described using the flows shown in Figures 27A to 27C. Note that detailed description of operations similar to those in the first embodiment will be omitted.

[0161] 27A to 27C are flowcharts illustrating operations for creating a container equipment operation plan in a controller that controls the storage battery system according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIGS. 27A to 27C , when the container equipment operation plan is started, the system control management circuit 1409 sets various command value registers (not shown) to their initial values ​​(zero) in S500 and resets (to zero) an update flag that confirms register updates. After completing S500, the system control management circuit 1409 calculates the integrated value of the average temperature of each storage battery unit 111 in S501, as in the first embodiment, collects temperature information of the storage battery cells 1131 in each storage battery unit 111 in S502, and collects temperature information of the passive components (switching devices and filter reactors) in the power conversion unit 120 and the interconnection reactor 150 in S503.

[0162] After S503 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 checks in S504 whether a battery operation plan (charge / discharge power command values) has been received from the CEMS 3 (whether CEMS_Plan_receive_flg is set). If the answer is Yes in S504, the system control management circuit 1409 reads the battery operation plan (charge / discharge power command values) notified from the CEMS 3 from the storage circuit 1406 in S506, and sets the command values ​​for the air conditioning equipment (various fan air volumes, command values ​​for the air conditioner 130) to zero in S507. After S507 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 determines in S508 the initial number of battery units to which power is to be prorated. As in the first embodiment, in the third embodiment, the initial number is determined by rounding up the absolute value of the result of dividing the battery operation plan (charge / discharge power command values) notified from the CEMS 3 by the converter capacity of the power conversion unit 120.

[0163] On the other hand, if the result of S504 is No, it was determined in S311 of Fig. 18B that a change to the equipment operation plan within the container is necessary, and therefore the number of storage battery units 111 currently being charged or discharged and the power command value are collected in S505. In the fourth embodiment, if the result of S504 is No, the control command values ​​for the air conditioning equipment and the number of storage battery units are changed from the current settings, and an operation plan is created.

[0164] If S508 is completed, S505 is completed, and S572 is No, the system control management circuit 1409 checks in S560 whether all charging and discharging power allocations to all storage battery units 111 have been performed in all cases. If S560 is Yes, it checks in S561 whether the update flag is set. If S561 is Yes, the update flag is cleared to zero in S562, and CEMS_Plan_receive_flg and Plan_change_flg are cleared to zero in S563, thereby completing the creation of the container equipment operation plan. At this time, the control command values ​​stored in various command value registers (not shown) and the allocation of storage battery units 111 become the final 30-minute operation plan. On the other hand, if S561 is No, it is determined that an operation plan could not be created, and as in the other embodiments, a power command value change request is sent to the CEMS 3 in S564, and operation continues with the current command values. When S564 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 clears CEMS_Plan_receive_flg and Plan_change_flg to zero in S563, and ends the creation of the container equipment operation plan.

[0165] In the fourth embodiment, the number of storage battery units 111 determined in S508 or the number of storage battery units 111 collected in S505 is set as a lower limit, and power command values ​​are assigned to all storage battery units 111 at most. The command values ​​for the air conditioners are distributed within a predetermined range, and the operation plan with the lowest power consumption is adopted. In the fourth embodiment, the air conditioner settings are distributed by creating table data in advance based on the positions of the storage battery units 111 to be used and the charge / discharge command values, and temperature and power consumption predictions are performed by exhaustively testing the combinations listed in the table data. It goes without saying that the table data may be generated as a fixed table created in advance. Furthermore, the method for setting the control command values ​​for the air conditioners is not limited to table data, and it goes without saying that combinations constructed through optimization (learning) using AI or the like may also be used.

[0166] If S560 is No, in S565, the system control management circuit 1409 selects a storage battery unit 111 and allocates the amount of charge / discharge power. Note that the selection of the storage battery unit 111 is performed based on the number of storage battery units 111 collected in S505, the number of storage battery units 111 determined in S508, or the number of storage battery units 111 changed in S572, and on the priority determined in S604 of FIG. 21 (see embodiment 1). Note that, as in embodiment 1, the amount of power is allocated by dividing the charge / discharge power command value notified by the CEMS 3 by the number of selected storage battery units 111.

[0167] After completing S565, in S512, the system control management circuit 1409 uses the current temperature information of the passive components (storage battery cells 1131, switching devices, filter reactors, and interconnection reactors 150), the current temperature measurement results of each aisle, the outside air temperature measurement results, and the charge / discharge command values ​​of each storage battery unit 111 to make the following predictions in the container temperature prediction / management circuit 1408: predict the temperature of each storage battery cell 1131 in each storage battery unit 111 30 minutes from now (S512), predict the temperature of the cool aisle and hot aisle 30 minutes from now (S513), predict the temperature of the passive components and interconnection reactors in the power conversion unit 120 30 minutes from now (S514), and predict the temperature of the exhaust aisle 30 minutes from now (S515).

[0168] After S515 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 checks in S516 whether there are any problems by referring to the various temperature prediction results. Specifically, it checks whether the temperature prediction result of the storage battery cell 1131 in S512 and the temperature estimation result of the passive components in the power conversion unit 120 in S514 are within their respective temperature management ranges, and whether the temperatures of the cool aisle, hot aisle, and exhaust aisle are appropriate. Note that in the first embodiment, for example, if the temperature prediction results in S512 and S514 are within the appropriate range but the temperature of each aisle is low, it is possible that the air conditioning equipment is overcooling, and the airflow rate of each fan and the control command value of the air conditioner 130 are changed to appropriate control command values. However, in the fourth embodiment, it is determined that there is no problem if the temperature prediction results of the passive components are within a predetermined temperature range. In the fourth embodiment, the number of storage battery units 111 to be selected and the command value for the air conditioning equipment are determined so that the power loss of the storage battery system 10 is ultimately minimized. Therefore, in the case of overcooling as described in the first embodiment, this can be eliminated by power consumption, and it is determined that there is no problem as long as the temperature prediction results of the passive components are within a predetermined temperature control range.

[0169] If the answer is Yes in S516, in S566 the system control management circuit 1409 calculates the power consumption based on the current control command value for the air conditioner using the fan and air conditioning control database 14086 in the container temperature prediction and management circuit 1408. When the calculation is complete, an update flag is set in S567. When S567 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 compares the calculated power loss due to the air conditioner with the power loss due to the air conditioner calculated so far in S568.

[0170] Specifically, if S568 is Yes, the system control management circuit 1409 overwrites the various command value registers initialized in S500 with the command values ​​calculated this time for the air conditioners in S569. In the fourth embodiment, various command value registers are provided for each air conditioner 130 and each type of fan, and are configured to store the value with the smallest power loss. Specifically, if S568 is Yes, the contents of the various control registers are rewritten with the results calculated this time.

[0171] If S516 returns No, S568 returns No, or S569 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 changes the command values ​​for the air conditioners in S570. In the fourth embodiment, as described above, the air conditioners are configured to be set by creating various air conditioning command values ​​based on table data created in advance, based on the position of the storage battery unit 111 to be used and the charge / discharge command values. Note that in the fourth embodiment as well, in order to determine which results in smaller power loss, circulating air from the exhaust aisle or drawing in outside air, the table data is configured to store separately the control command values ​​for circulating air from the exhaust aisle and the command values ​​for drawing in outside air, and calculate the power loss.

[0172] After S570 is completed, the system control management circuit 1409 checks in S571 whether the settings of the air conditioning equipment are within a predetermined range. Specifically, it determines whether all of the prepared table data has been checked. If the answer is Yes in S571, the system returns to S512 and estimates the power loss using the command values ​​for various air conditioning equipment that have not yet been checked. On the other hand, if the answer is No in S571, the system increases the number of storage battery units 111 by one in S572. After S572 is completed, the system returns to S560 and executes the following flow again.

[0173] As described above, according to the storage battery system 10 of the fourth embodiment, when an operation plan for each storage battery unit 111 in the storage battery system 10 is created based on the storage battery operation plan (charge / discharge command value) notified every 30 minutes, the operation plan is created so as to minimize the power loss (power consumption) in the storage battery system 10 including the air conditioning equipment. Therefore, similarly to the first embodiment, the storage battery system 10 is configured to manage the inside of the container into three areas: a cool aisle that cools the storage battery units 111 (storage battery cells 1131), a hot aisle that exhausts the exhaust heat that has cooled the storage battery units 111, and an exhaust aisle that exhausts the exhaust heat that has cooled the passive components (switching devices and filter reactors) in the power conversion unit 120 and the interconnection reactor 150 with the warm air from the hot aisle. This allows the temperature The exhaust air from the battery unit 111, which has a low management range, can be used to cool the passive components in the power conversion unit 120 and the grid-connection reactor, and there is no need to install an air conditioner 130 to cool the passive components in the power conversion unit 120 and the grid-connection reactor 150 (for example, the temperature management range for a lithium-ion battery is approximately 5°C to 35°C, and the switching device and reactor, which are passive components, are 100°C or higher, so they can be sufficiently cooled even if the temperature in the hot aisle is approximately 35°C).This allows for a reduction in the number of air conditioners 130, and by configuring the system to calculate a combination of control command values ​​that minimizes power loss when generating control command values ​​for the air conditioning equipment, the power loss of the battery system 10 can be minimized, which has the effect of reducing running costs.

[0174] Furthermore, in the fourth embodiment, the loss is calculated based on both the temperature of the exhaust aisle and the outside air temperature. If the outside air temperature is lower in loss, the air in the exhaust aisle is exhausted and outside air is taken in. If the outside air temperature is higher in loss, the air in the exhaust aisle is circulated. This allows the outside air and the air in the exhaust aisle to be used appropriately, thereby minimizing loss. As briefly mentioned in the first embodiment, the temperature of the exhaust aisle is managed by controlling the air conditioner 130 and the airflow rates of various fans (especially the exhaust fan 1205) so that the storage battery cells 1131 in the storage battery unit 111 are managed within a predetermined temperature management range and the temperature of the exhaust aisle is higher than the outside air. This reduces unnecessary power consumption by the air conditioner, thereby reducing power consumption. Furthermore, in the fourth embodiment, the power loss is calculated specifically, so that the control command value for the air conditioner that effectively utilizes outside air and reduces power loss can be calculated without any user awareness, thereby reducing running costs. Furthermore, by configuring the storage battery unit 111 that performs charging and discharging to be managed based on the average temperature of all the storage battery cells 1131 within the storage battery unit 111, the average temperature of all the storage battery cells 1131 within some storage battery units 111 becomes high, and there is no need to unnecessarily lower the setting value of the air conditioner 130 or unnecessarily increase the airflow rate of various fans in order to cool them, which has the effect of reducing the power consumption of the air conditioning equipment.

[0175] In the first to fourth embodiments, the storage battery system 10 is configured to manage the interior of the container into three areas: a cool aisle that cools the storage battery units 111 (storage battery cells 1131); a hot aisle that exhausts the exhaust heat that has cooled the storage battery units 111; and an exhaust aisle that exhausts the exhaust heat that has cooled the passive components (switching devices and filter reactors) in the power conversion units 120 and the interconnection reactor 150 using the warm air from the hot aisle. Since the passive components in the power conversion units 120 and the interconnection reactor 150 are cooled using the exhaust air from the storage battery units 111, which have a low temperature control range, there is no need to install air conditioners to cool the passive components in the power conversion units and the interconnection reactor (for example, the temperature control range for lithium-ion storage batteries is approximately 5°C to 35°C, and the switching devices and reactors, which are passive components, are 100°C or higher, so they can be sufficiently cooled even if the temperature in the hot aisle is approximately 35°C), which has the effect of reducing the number of air conditioners and also reducing power consumption.

[0176] Furthermore, in the first to fourth embodiments, the storage battery system 10 controls the air conditioner 130 to supply cool air to a cool aisle that cools the storage battery units 111 (storage battery cells 1131) to cool the storage battery units 111, and is configured to manage the interior of the container into three areas: a hot aisle that exhausts the exhaust heat after cooling the storage battery units 111, and an exhaust aisle that exhausts the exhaust heat after cooling the passive components (switching devices and filter reactors) in the power conversion units 120 and the grid-connection reactor 150 with the warm air from the hot aisle. In this case, the set temperature, air volume, and air direction of the air conditioner 130 and the air volumes of the various fans arranged in the storage battery system 10 are controlled, but it goes without saying that it is sufficient to control at least one or more of the set temperature, air volume, air direction of the air conditioner 130 and the air volumes of the various fans arranged in the storage battery system 10. In this case, it goes without saying that the total power consumption of the air conditioner 130 and the various fans is controlled to be as small as possible.

[0177] Furthermore, in the first to fourth embodiments, a typical three-phase system is used as an example, and the configuration inside the container of the battery system 10 and the configuration of the power conversion unit 120 that implements the air conditioning equipment and the battery are made to be compatible with three phases, but this is not limited to this, and it goes without saying that the present invention may be applied to a three-phase four-wire system, a single-phase system, or a DC system (the power conversion unit implements a DC / DC converter instead of an inverter).

[0178] In addition, in the first to fourth embodiments, the signal line 142 has been described as a normal signal line, but it is not limited to this and may be a communication line or wireless communication. It goes without saying that the communication line 6 is not limited to a wired line and may be wireless communication. Furthermore, it goes without saying that the communication line 141 may be wireless communication or a signal line.

[0179] In the first to fourth embodiments, two storage battery units 111 and two power conversion units 120 are arranged in the battery rack 110 and the converter rack, respectively. Therefore, when constructing the converter temperature prediction database 14082 and the battery temperature prediction database 14084, the databases are constructed for the two storage battery units 111 and the two power conversion units 120 in the same rack. However, this is not a limitation and the databases may be constructed separately. It is also possible to construct the databases separately. It is also possible to construct the databases with one storage battery unit in the battery rack 110, or with one storage battery unit 111 arranged across multiple battery racks 120. Similarly, it is also possible to construct the databases with one power conversion unit 120 in the converter rack. Furthermore, it is also possible to construct the databases using a method other than the configuration shown in the first to fourth embodiments. In the first to fourth embodiments, a database is used to predict various temperatures. However, this is not a limitation and it is also possible to construct a storage battery system model and make predictions. Furthermore, it is also possible to use AI or the like to learn past measurement results and make predictions. As described above, power consumption may be estimated by constructing a fan model in the fan database in the fan / air-conditioning control database 14086 because power consumption is proportional to the square of the air volume. Furthermore, it goes without saying that the COP characteristics of the air conditioner 130 may be defined, and a model of the air conditioner 130 may be constructed using the COP to estimate power consumption.

[0180] In the first and fourth embodiments, the temperatures estimated in S406 and S408 are set to be those after 30 minutes due to the structure of the database, but this is not limited to this and may be those after 1 minute or 5 minutes as shown in the third embodiment. It goes without saying that the temperature at the time when the charge / discharge command value is next notified from the CEMS 3 may be predicted and determined.

[0181] In the first to fourth embodiments, the priority of the storage battery units 111 is determined using the lowest integrated value of the average temperature of each collected storage battery unit 111 or each storage battery cell 1131, the lowest actually measured temperature or predicted temperature of each storage battery unit 111 or each storage battery cell 1131, SOC information, SOH information, etc. However, this is not limited to this, and similar effects can be achieved by determining the priority using a combination of actually measured temperature and SOC, etc. Furthermore, in the first to fourth embodiments, the priority is determined based on information related to each storage battery unit 111 or each storage battery cell 1131, but this is not limited to this, and it goes without saying that the priority of the power conversion unit 120 (storage battery units 111) may also be determined based on temperature information of switching devices and filter reactors, which are passive components in the power conversion unit 120.

[0182] Furthermore, in the first to fourth embodiments, when the controller 140 generates a power command value for each storage battery unit 111, the controller 140 controls the power command value to zero if the temperature of each storage battery cell 1131 (storage battery unit 111) is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, based on information on the amount of charged power of each storage battery unit 111 and the temperature measurement results of each storage battery cell 1131. Alternatively, if there are multiple storage battery units 111, the controller 140 controls the charging and discharging power to be smaller than that of storage battery units 111 whose temperatures are below the predetermined value. This, of course, has the effect of suppressing the amount of heat generated by storage battery units 111 with high temperatures and preventing unnecessary deterioration of the storage battery cells 1131. Furthermore, if the temperature measurement result of each storage battery cell 1131 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value (predetermined temperature), the controller 140 controls the power command value to be smaller than the current power command value in accordance with the progress of deterioration of the storage battery cell 1131, based on information on the amount of charged energy of each storage battery unit 111, the temperature measurement result of each storage battery cell 1131, and information on the progress of deterioration of each storage battery cell 1131. Needless to say, this has the effect of suppressing the amount of heat generated by a storage battery unit 111 with a high temperature, and preventing unnecessary deterioration of the storage battery cell 1131. Furthermore, if the predetermined value (predetermined temperature) to be compared with the temperature measurement result of each storage battery cell 1131 is controlled to vary depending on the progress of deterioration of the storage battery cell 1131, this has the effect of suppressing the amount of heat generated by a storage battery unit 111 with a high degree of deterioration, and preventing unnecessary deterioration of the storage battery cell 1131.

[0183] In the first to fourth embodiments, the charge / discharge power command value notified from CEMS3 is divided by the number of operating battery units calculated in S605, and a charge / discharge power command value is assigned to the number of operating units in order of the priority of the battery units 111 determined in S304, and zero is assigned to the remaining units. However, this is not limited to this, and it goes without saying that the charge / discharge power command value may be assigned proportionally, for example, according to the SOC ratio of each battery unit 111 (selected battery unit 111) that will be charged or discharged (the larger the SOC when discharging, the larger the command value), or the larger the SOH when charging.

[0184] In the third embodiment, the rotation order of the battery units 111 is basically adhered to. Specifically, the configuration is such that the priority of the battery units 111 is determined based on the order of the previous rotation. However, this is not limited to this. For example, it is also possible to re-determine the rotation order at the start of a 30-minute cycle. Furthermore, when determining the priority, control is performed so that the priorities of the battery units 111 in the same battery rack are not consecutive. Furthermore, in the first to fourth embodiments, the battery operation plan (charge / discharge power command value) is received from the CEMS 3 at a 30-minute cycle. However, this is not limited to this. It is also possible to use a 15-minute or 1-hour cycle. The 1-minute cycle is also not limited to 1 minute, and it is also possible to use 30 seconds or 2 minutes.

[0185] Although no specific explanation has been given about temperature control of the exhaust aisle in the first to fourth embodiments, if the air conditioner 130 and the airflow of the various fans (particularly the exhaust fan 1205) are controlled so that the battery cells 1131 in the battery unit 111 are controlled within a predetermined temperature control range and the temperature of the exhaust aisle is higher than the outside air, the passive components that require temperature control can be controlled without being overcooled, thereby suppressing unnecessary power consumption by the air conditioner and achieving the effect of reducing power consumption.

[0186] Furthermore, in the first to fourth embodiments, the charge / discharge power command values ​​are determined by equal distribution, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, after determining the charge / discharge power command values ​​based on the SOC information collected in S603, the charge / discharge power command values ​​prorated based on the SOH information are corrected (adjusted) so as to allocate more charge / discharge power to the storage battery units 111 with a higher SOH, or the equally distributed charge / discharge power command values ​​are corrected based on the current temperature information of the storage battery units 111 (by increasing the charge / discharge power command values ​​of the storage battery units 111 with lower temperatures), or the equally distributed charge / discharge power command values ​​are corrected based on the integration result of the average temperatures of the storage battery units 111 (by increasing the charge / discharge power command values ​​of the storage battery units 111 with a lower integrated temperature), and it goes without saying that similar effects can be obtained.

[0187] Description of Modifications. In the first to fourth embodiments, for ease of understanding, the configuration of the CEMS 3 has been described as being configured in hardware (H / W) as shown in Figures 5 and 6, and the control circuit of the distribution system storage battery system 10 has been described as being configured in hardware (H / W) as shown in Figures 7 to 12. However, the same control functions can also be achieved by implementing the functions of each block or some of the blocks described in each block using software (S / W) implemented on a CPU (Central Processing Unit). Alternatively, the same control functions can also be achieved for at least some of the blocks by functionally dividing them into software and hardware.

[0188] Although various exemplary embodiments and examples are described in this disclosure, the various features, aspects, and functions described in one or more embodiments are not limited to the application of a particular embodiment, but may be applied to the embodiments alone or in various combinations. Therefore, countless variations not illustrated are anticipated within the scope of the technology disclosed in this disclosure specification. For example, this includes cases where at least one component is modified, added, or omitted, or where at least one component is extracted and combined with components of another embodiment.

[0189] 10 Battery system, 11 Distribution system battery, 12 Power conversion device for distribution system battery, 25 Mega solar power conversion device, 31 Communication circuit, 32 Memory circuit, 33 Transmission data generation circuit, 34 Operation plan creation circuit, 35 CEMS control circuit, 110 Battery rack, 111 Battery unit, 112 BMU, 113 Battery module, 114 Exhaust fan, 120 Power conversion unit, 130 Air conditioner, 131 Outdoor air intake fan, 132 Exhaust fan, 140 Controller, 160 Outdoor air temperature sensor, 161 Cool aisle temperature sensor, 162 Hot aisle temperature sensor, 163 Exhaust aisle temperature sensor, 341 Battery operation plan creation circuit, 342 Power generation prediction circuit, 343 Power consumption prediction circuit, 344 Distributed power source operation plan creation and management circuit, 345 Battery operation plan correction circuit, 346 Operation plan creation unit management circuit, 1131 storage battery cell, 1132 temperature sensor, 1201 DC / AC conversion control circuit, 1202 DC / AC conversion circuit, 1203 filter circuit, 1205 exhaust fan, 1206 temperature sensor, 1207 rack temperature sensor, 1401 container internal communication I / F circuit, 1402 container external communication I / F circuit, 1403 temperature sensor information reception I / F circuit, 1404 air conditioner communication I / F circuit, 1405 fan device control I / F circuit, 1406 memory circuit, 1407 system control command value generation circuit, 1408 container internal temperature prediction / management circuit, 1409 system control management circuit, 14081 converter temperature management circuit, 14082 converter temperature prediction database, 14083 storage battery temperature management circuit, 14084 storage battery temperature prediction database, 14085 Fan and air conditioning equipment management circuit, 14086 Fan and air conditioning control database, 14087 Container temperature prediction and management unit control circuit.

Claims

1. A system comprising: a plurality of storage battery units, each of which is composed of a plurality of storage battery cells; a power conversion unit capable of operating in a higher temperature range than the storage battery units and converting DC power input from the storage battery units into AC power; a storage battery rack storing the plurality of storage battery units; a power conversion rack storing the power conversion units; air conditioning equipment for cooling the storage battery units; a cool aisle to which a first exhaust air output from the air conditioning equipment is supplied and which supplies the first exhaust air to the power conversion rack; a hot aisle to which a second exhaust air is supplied from the storage battery rack after cooling the storage battery units and which supplies the second exhaust air to the power conversion rack; an exhaust aisle to which a third exhaust air is supplied after cooling the power conversion rack using the second exhaust air; an exhaust aisle temperature measurement unit for measuring the temperature of the third exhaust air; an outside air temperature measurement unit for measuring the temperature of the outside air; and a control unit for controlling the power conversion unit and also controlling the air conditioning equipment, The control unit compares the temperature of the third exhaust air output from the exhaust aisle temperature measuring unit with the outside air temperature output from the outside air temperature measuring unit, determines whether to cool the air using the third exhaust air or to take in outside air for cooling, and controls the first exhaust air and the second exhaust air to supply them to the power conversion unit.

2. The storage battery system of claim 1, further comprising a fan that supplies the first exhaust air from the cool aisle to the hot aisle, and the fan controls the air volume so that the air pressure in the cool aisle is lower than the air pressure in the hot aisle.

3. The battery system according to claim 2, further comprising: an internal battery temperature measurement unit that measures the temperature inside the battery unit; and an internal power conversion rack temperature measurement unit that measures the temperature at least at one or more locations inside the power conversion rack, wherein the fan takes in the first exhaust air into the battery rack and blows it into the hot aisle, and the control unit controls at least one of the set temperature, air volume, air direction, and air volume of the fan of the air conditioning equipment so that the temperature measurement results output from the internal battery temperature measurement unit and the temperature measurement results output from the internal power conversion rack temperature measurement unit are each below a predetermined temperature.

4. The storage battery system according to claim 3, characterized in that the control unit controls the air conditioning equipment and the fan so that the temperature of the third exhaust air is higher than the temperature of the outside air.

5. The storage battery system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the control unit generates a power command value for controlling the charging power to the storage battery unit or the discharging power from the storage battery unit based on an operation plan, and when generating the power command value, controls so as to assign power command values ​​in priority to storage battery units having lower temperatures output from the storage battery temperature measurement unit based on information on the amount of charging power of each storage battery unit and the measurement results of the storage battery temperature measurement unit.

6. The storage battery system of claim 5, characterized in that when generating the power command value, the control unit controls the power command value to zero when the temperature of the storage battery unit output from the storage battery temperature measurement unit is equal to or higher than a predetermined value based on information on the amount of charging energy of the storage battery unit and the measurement results of the storage battery temperature measurement unit, or controls the charging and discharging power to be smaller than that of a storage battery unit whose temperature is less than a predetermined value when there are multiple storage battery units.

7. The storage battery system of claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the control unit, based on information on the amount of charging energy of the storage battery unit, the measurement results of the storage battery temperature measurement unit, and information on the deterioration progress of each storage battery cell, modifies the power command value to be smaller than the current power command value in accordance with the deterioration progress of the storage battery unit when the temperature of the storage battery unit output from the storage battery temperature measurement unit is equal to or higher than a predetermined value.

8. The storage battery system according to claim 7, wherein the predetermined value of the temperature of the storage battery unit outputted from the storage battery internal temperature measuring unit is controlled to vary depending on the degree of deterioration of the storage battery unit.

9. A storage battery system as described in any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the control unit controls the power conversion unit by switching the power command value generated based on the operation plan at a predetermined period and rotation.

10. A storage battery system as described in any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that when the difference between the temperature of the third exhaust air and the outside air temperature is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the control unit controls the third exhaust air to be released to the outside and the air conditioning equipment to take in outside air to cool the storage battery rack.

11. A storage battery system as described in any one of claims 5 to 10, characterized in that the control unit predicts the temperature of the storage battery unit based on a charge / discharge command value of the storage battery unit according to the operation plan and a control plan for the air conditioning equipment and the fan, and corrects the charge / discharge command value of the storage battery unit so that the average temperature of the storage battery unit is uniform.

12. The storage battery system described in claim 11, characterized in that when generating the charge / discharge command value for the storage battery unit and the command values ​​for controlling the air conditioning equipment and the fan, the control unit controls so that the total of the power loss in the storage battery unit and the power conversion unit and the power consumption used by the air conditioning equipment and the fan is minimized.

13. A storage battery system as described in claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the control unit generates time information for operating the storage battery unit when generating the charge / discharge command value for the storage battery unit.

14. A storage battery system as described in any one of claims 3 to 13, characterized in that the control unit integrates the temperature information of the storage battery unit output from the storage battery temperature measuring unit, and when controlling to make the average temperatures of the storage battery units equal, controls to make the integrated results of the temperature information of the storage battery units equal.

15. A storage battery system comprising: a plurality of storage battery units each composed of a plurality of storage battery cells; a power conversion unit which converts DC power input from the storage battery units into AC power; an internal battery temperature measurement unit which measures the temperature inside the storage battery units; and a control unit which controls charging and discharging of the power conversion unit based on an operation plan notified from the outside, wherein the control unit generates a power command value for controlling charging and discharging power from the storage battery units based on the notified operation plan, and when generating the power command value, controls so as to assign the power command value in priority to storage battery units having lower temperatures output from the internal battery temperature measurement unit, based on information on the amount of charging power of the storage battery units and the measurement results of the internal battery temperature measurement unit.

16. A storage battery system as described in claim 15, further comprising an air conditioning device and a fan for cooling the storage battery unit, and the control unit controls at least one of the set temperature, air volume, and air direction of the air conditioning device based on temperature information of the storage battery unit output from the temperature measurement unit inside the storage battery.

17. The storage battery system of claim 16, characterized in that when the control unit predicts the deterioration progress of the storage battery unit and generates the power command value, the control unit controls the generation of the power command value based on information on the charging energy amount of the storage battery unit, the measurement results of the storage battery temperature measurement unit, as well as information on the deterioration progress of the storage battery unit.

18. A storage battery system as described in claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the control unit predicts the temperature of the storage battery unit based on the charge / discharge command value of the storage battery unit according to the operation plan and the control plan for the air conditioning equipment and the fan, and corrects the charge / discharge command value of the storage battery unit so that the average temperature of the storage battery unit becomes uniform.

19. The storage battery system of claim 18, wherein the control unit predicts heat generation from a charge / discharge power command value, and controls at least one of the set temperature, air volume, and air direction of the air conditioning equipment based on the outside air temperature and the temperature prediction results of the storage battery unit.

20. A storage battery system as described in claim 18 or 19, characterized in that when generating the charge / discharge command value for the storage battery unit and the command values ​​for controlling the air conditioning equipment and the fan, the control unit controls so that the total of the power loss in the storage battery unit and the power conversion unit and the power consumption used by the air conditioning equipment and the fan is minimized.

21. A storage battery system described in any one of claims 15 to 20, characterized in that the control unit integrates the temperature information of the storage battery unit output from the storage battery temperature measuring unit, and controls the integration result of the temperature information of the storage battery unit so that it is equal.

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