Electrolytes for fast-charging batteries

The electrolyte solution, composed of fluorinated esters and specific salts, addresses the limitations of current electrolytes by enabling efficient, cost-effective, and stable fast charging in lithium-ion batteries.

WO2025090356A1 Publication Date: 2025-05-01BOARD OF RGT THE UNIV OF TEXAS SYST
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Patent Information

Application Number
PCT/US2024/051778
Authority / Receiving Office
WO · WO
Patent Type
Applications
Current Assignee / Owner
Priority Date
2023-10-23
Filing Date
2024-10-17
Publication Date
2025-05-01

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Current electrolytes for fast-charging lithium-ion batteries suffer from high costs due to the use of expensive salts like LiTFSI and LiFSI, compatibility issues with graphite anodes, and the unideal properties of ethylene carbonate under extreme charging conditions.

Method used

The development of an electrolyte solution comprising 5 wt% to 60 wt% fluorinated esters, such as methyl trifluoroacetate, combined with solvents like fluoroethylene carbonate and salts like lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, which is substantially free of ethylene carbonate.

Benefits of technology

This electrolyte solution enables fast charging rates up to 4C with a cycle life of at least 500 cycles, maintains high Coulombic efficiency, and is stable under extreme conditions, including fast charging and low temperatures.

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Abstract

Disclosed herein is an electrolyte solution comprising: (a) about 5 wt % to about 60 wt % of a fluorinated ester; (b) greater than 0 wt % to less than 100 wt % of at least one solvent selected from fluoroethylene carbonate, difluoroethylene carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methyl (2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) carbonate, propylene carbonate, trifluoropropylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, methyl acetate (MA), ethyl acetate (EA), methyl propanoate (MP); (c) at least one salt; wherein the wt % is calculated based on a total weight of a) and b); and wherein the electrolyte solution is substantially free of ethylene carbonate (EC). Also disclosed are batteries comprising such electrolytes. Also disclosed are methods of making the disclosed herein electrolytes and batteries.
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