Multi-stage hybrid high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of nickel laterite

Abstract

A multi-stage hybrid high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of nickel laterite, belonging to the technical field of metallurgy. The multi-stage hybrid high-pressure reactor comprises a reactor body (1), a plurality of overflow assemblies (2) and a plurality of flow guide members (3). A material inlet pipe (11) and a material outlet pipe (12) are respectively arranged at the two ends of the reactor body (1). The plurality of overflow assemblies (2) is sequentially arranged in the reactor body (1) in the material flowing direction, so as to divide the inside of the reactor body (1) into a plurality of reaction areas (13). Each overflow assembly (2) comprises a first overflow plate (21), a second overflow plate (22) and a material pushing member (23). The material pushing member (23) is provided with a material pushing end arranged between the first overflow plate (21) and the second overflow plate (22). The plurality of flow guide members (3) is arranged at the overflow outlets (221) in a one-to-one correspondence manner. The reactor can promote the flowing and mixing of materials, so that the materials do not easily sink to the bottom. By promoting the flow of the materials, scaling can be delayed, and the slurry mixing and reaction efficiency can be improved.

Description

A multi-stage hybrid high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to a multi-stage mixed high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the continued promotion and popularization of new energy electric vehicles and consumer electronics, global demand for lithium-ion secondary batteries has exploded. Nickel and nickel-based compounds, key materials in lithium-ion secondary batteries, are in high demand, leading to rising prices for nickel metal and nickel-based products. Globally, as environmental protection and renewable energy become increasingly popular, new energy electric vehicles and consumer electronics will become increasingly common. Until revolutionary new energy solutions emerge, lithium-ion secondary batteries will maintain a long-term monopoly. As nickel and nickel-based compounds, upstream of the supply chain, face a particularly severe supply shortage.

[0003] Nickel ore in laterite accounts for 65% to 70% of the total nickel reserves on land, making it a key mineral for smelting nickel and nickel-based compounds. Laterite nickel ore can be broadly divided into three types: limonitic, transitional, and saprolitic. Generally speaking, saprolitic nickel with a nickel content of 1.8% or more is best produced using the RKEF pyrometallurgical process, while limonitic and transitional nickel with a nickel content of 1.8% or less are best produced using hydrometallurgical processes such as high-pressure acid leaching and atmospheric pressure acid leaching. Compared to atmospheric pressure acid leaching, high-pressure acid leaching offers advantages such as high recovery, low acid consumption, short reaction time, and low cost. It is considered the optimal smelting method for limonitic and transitional laterite nickel ores, and has therefore become the preferred method for newly constructed laterite nickel hydrometallurgical smelting projects in recent years.

[0004] Publication number CN111004916A provides a high-pressure acid leaching method for laterite nickel ore. The steps are as follows: After washing and beneficiation, the laterite nickel ore slurry is concentrated and then pumped into a pipelined preheater via a high-pressure pump. In the pipelined preheater, the slurry undergoes indirect heat exchange with flash secondary steam from a flash evaporator. The final pipelined preheater is heated using raw steam, molten salt, or thermal oil. The preheated slurry enters a horizontal high-pressure reactor, where concentrated sulfuric acid is added for high-pressure leaching. Finally, the leached slurry is cooled and depressurized in a flash evaporator to obtain the acid-leached laterite nickel ore slurry, which is then sent to the next processing step. The preheated slurry enters a horizontal high-pressure reactor containing 4 to 8 compartments. The compartments of existing high-pressure reactors are generally separated by partitions, and the compartments are connected in sequence, allowing the slurry, sulfuric acid and steam to enter each compartment in turn for reaction. However, in the high-pressure reactor, the slurry overflows from above the partitions and enters the next compartment in turn, making the slurry inside each compartment easily deposited at the bottom, which easily leads to scaling and condensation at the bottom, reducing the efficiency of slurry mixing and acid leaching reaction.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and propose a multi-stage hybrid high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore, which solves the technical problem in the prior art that the slurry inside each compartment of the high-pressure reactor is easily deposited at the bottom, which easily leads to scaling and condensation at the bottom, reducing the efficiency of slurry mixing and acid leaching reaction.

[0007] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution of the present invention provides a multi-stage hybrid high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore, comprising a reactor body, a plurality of overflow assemblies and a plurality of flow guides, wherein a feed pipe and a discharge pipe are respectively provided at both ends of the reactor body; a plurality of overflow assemblies are sequentially arranged inside the reactor body along the direction of material flow to separate the interior of the reactor body into a plurality of reaction zones, each of the overflow assemblies comprises a first overflow plate, a second overflow plate and a pusher, and the first overflow plate and the second overflow plate are respectively spaced and staggered and arranged in the reactor body. The bottom and top of the reactor body, wherein an overflow inlet is formed between the first overflow plate and the top surface of the reactor body, and an overflow outlet is formed between the second overflow plate and the bottom surface of the reactor body; the pushing member has a pushing end arranged between the first overflow plate and the second overflow plate, for moving from the overflow inlet to the overflow outlet to push the material to the next reaction zone; a plurality of the guide members are arranged at each of the overflow outlets in a one-to-one correspondence, and each has a guide surface extending obliquely from the bottom of the reaction zone to the middle, for guiding the pushed material to the middle of the reaction zone.

[0008] In some embodiments, the multi-stage hybrid high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore further comprises a plurality of stirring assemblies, wherein the stirring ends of each stirring assembly are disposed in a corresponding manner in each reaction zone, for stirring the materials within the reaction zone. Each stirring assembly comprises a drive shaft, at least one stirring paddle, and a drive motor, wherein one end of the drive shaft is rotatably mounted on the top of the corresponding reaction zone, and the other end thereof extends vertically to the bottom of the reaction zone; at least one stirring paddle is nested and mounted on the outer periphery of the drive shaft and is located below the top of the first overflow plate of the corresponding reaction zone; and the rotating shaft of the drive motor is connected to the drive shaft to drive the drive shaft to rotate.

[0009] In some embodiments, the material guiding direction of the material guiding surface corresponds to the stirring end.

[0010] In some embodiments, the height of each first overflow plate is set to decrease in the flow direction of the material, so that the height of each overflow inlet gradually decreases in the flow direction of the material, and the height of each second overflow plate is equal, so that the height of each overflow outlet is equal.

[0011] In some embodiments, the overflow assembly also includes a material guide partition, which is arranged between the corresponding first overflow plate and the second overflow plate, and its side edges are respectively sealed with the first overflow plate, the second overflow plate and the reactor body, and the top is on the same horizontal plane as the top of the corresponding first overflow plate; a vertically arranged material guide channel is provided in the middle of the material guide partition to connect the overflow inlet and the overflow outlet; the pushing end of the pushing member is provided in the material guide channel, and the pushing end and the material guide channel slide in the vertical direction.

[0012] In some embodiments, the pusher includes a pressure plate and at least one driving cylinder. The pressure plate is horizontally arranged in the material guide channel and slides with the material guide channel. The driving cylinder is installed on the top of the reactor body, and its driving end extends vertically downward until it is connected to the pressure plate, so as to drive the pressure plate to slide up and down in the material guide channel. The pressure plate includes a horizontal plate body and two movable plugs. The horizontal plate body is connected to the driving cylinder, and movable grooves are opened on both sides along the material flow direction. A discharge channel is provided on one side of the movable groove. The bottom end of the discharge channel passes through the bottom end of the horizontal plate body and is connected to the material guide channel. The two movable plugs are respectively arranged in the movable grooves on both sides and slide with the movable grooves. The sliding stroke has a sealing state in which it slides to the upper part of the movable groove to seal the discharge channel, and a conducting state in which it slides to the lower part of the movable groove to connect the material guide channels above and below the pressure plate through the discharge channel.

[0013] In some embodiments, limiting portions are provided on the upper and lower sides of the movable groove for limiting the sliding of the movable plug in the movable groove. When the driving cylinder drives the horizontal plate body to slide downward, the movable plug slides upward in the movable groove and remains in the upper part of the movable groove, and the movable plug is in a sealed state; when the driving cylinder drives the horizontal plate body to slide upward, the movable plug slides downward in the movable groove and remains in the lower part of the movable groove, and the movable plug is in a conducting state.

[0014] In some embodiments, a conducting groove and a closing portion are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the movable groove. The conducting groove is connected to the movable groove, and its length in the transverse direction is equal to the length of the movable groove, and its width in the longitudinal direction is smaller than the width of the movable groove. The side edges of the closing portion are fitted with the inner wall of the guide channel, and the thickness of the movable plug is greater than the diameter of the discharge channel.

[0015] In some embodiments, the bottom of the pressing plate is a curved surface with the same curvature as the bottom of the inner wall of the reactor body.

[0016] In some embodiments, the guide member includes a ramp, which is arranged on one side of the overflow outlet at the bottom of the corresponding reaction zone, and its top forms a material guide surface extending upward from the bottom of the overflow outlet, and the connection between the bottom of the ramp and the inner wall of the reactor body is a curved surface.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include: by arranging the reactor body, the first overflow plate and the second overflow plate, an overflow inlet is formed between the first overflow plate and the top surface of the reactor body, and an overflow outlet is formed between the second overflow plate and the bottom surface of the reactor body, so that when the liquid level of the material in the reaction zone is higher than the height of the first overflow plate, it will flow through the overflow inlet, between the first overflow plate and the second overflow plate, to the overflow outlet, and flow to the next reaction zone through the overflow outlet, and the overflow outlet is formed by the gap between the second overflow plate and the bottom surface of the reactor body, so that the slurry that has reached the overflow height and overflowed is guided to converge to the bottom of the next reaction zone; the overflow The flow assembly also includes a pushing piece, a pushing end of the pushing piece is arranged between the first overflow plate and the second overflow plate, and the pushing end is used to move from the overflow inlet to the overflow outlet. During the movement, the pushing end can push the material to the next reaction zone, thereby increasing the discharge speed of the material; and a guide piece is provided at the pushing position, which has a guide surface extending obliquely from the bottom of the reaction zone to the middle, so that the discharged material forms a gradually upward flow path, and the material pressurized by the pushing end is guided to the middle of the reaction zone to promote the flow and mixing of the material, so that the material is not easy to sink to the bottom. By promoting the flow of the material, it also helps to delay scaling, and can improve the slurry mixing and reaction efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of an embodiment of a multi-stage hybrid high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore provided by the present invention;

[0019] FIG2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overflow assembly of the multi-stage hybrid high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore in FIG1 ;

[0020] FIG3 is a top sectional view of the cross section of the overflow assembly of the multi-stage hybrid high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore in FIG1 ;

[0021] FIG4 is a side sectional view of the installation of the guide partition and the pressure plate of the multi-stage hybrid high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore in FIG1;

[0022] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-stage hybrid high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore provided by the present invention when the movable plug is in a sealed state;

[0023] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of the multi-stage hybrid high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore provided by the present invention when the movable plug is in a conducting state.

[0024] In the picture:

[0025] 1. Reactor body; 11. Feed pipe; 12. Discharge pipe; 13. Reaction zone;

[0026] 2. Overflow assembly; 21. First overflow plate; 211. Overflow inlet; 22. Second overflow plate; 221. Overflow outlet; 23. Pusher; 231. Driving cylinder; 232. Press plate; 233. Horizontal plate body; 234. Movable plug; 235. Movable groove; 236. Conducting groove; 237. Closing portion; 238. Discharge channel; 24. Guide platform; 241. Guide channel;

[0027] 3. Flow guide; 31. Inclined platform;

[0028] 4. Stirring assembly; 41. Drive shaft; 42. Stirring paddle; 43. Drive motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0030] As shown in Figures 1 to 6, the present invention provides a multi-stage hybrid high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore, comprising a reactor body 1, a plurality of overflow assemblies 2, and a plurality of guide members 3. A feed pipe 11 and a discharge pipe 12 are respectively provided at both ends of the reactor body 1; a plurality of overflow assemblies 2 are sequentially arranged inside the reactor body 1 along the material flow direction to divide the interior of the reactor body 1 into a plurality of reaction zones 13. Each overflow assembly 2 comprises a first overflow plate 21, a second overflow plate 22, and a pusher 23. The first overflow plate 21 and the second overflow plate 22 are respectively spaced and staggered at the bottom and top of the reactor body 1. Among them, an overflow inlet 211 is formed between the first overflow plate 21 and the top surface of the reactor body 1, and an overflow outlet 221 is formed between the second overflow plate 22 and the bottom surface of the reactor body 1; the pushing member 23 has a pushing end arranged between the first overflow plate 21 and the second overflow plate 22, for moving from the overflow inlet 211 to the overflow outlet 221 to push the material to the next reaction zone 13; a plurality of the guide members 3 are arranged at each of the overflow outlets 221, and each has a guiding surface extending obliquely from the bottom of the reaction zone 13 to the middle, for guiding the pushed material to the middle of the reaction zone 13.

[0031] In this device, a plurality of overflow assemblies 2 are sequentially arranged inside the reactor body 1 along the material flow direction to divide the interior of the reactor body 1 into a plurality of reaction zones 13. Each overflow assembly 2 includes a first overflow plate 21 and a second overflow plate 22, which are respectively spaced and staggered at the bottom and top of the reactor body 1. An overflow inlet 211 is formed between the first overflow plate 21 and the top surface of the reactor body 1, and an overflow outlet 221 is formed between the second overflow plate 22 and the bottom surface of the reactor body 1. When the liquid level of the material in the reaction zone 13 is higher than the height of the first overflow plate 21, the material will flow through the overflow inlet 211, between the first overflow plate 21 and the second overflow plate 22, to the overflow outlet 221, and flow to the next reaction zone 13 through the overflow outlet 221. The overflow outlet 221 is formed between the second overflow plate 22 and the bottom surface of the reactor body 1. The gap between the overflow plates 21 and 22 is formed, so that the slurry that has reached the overflow height is guided to converge to the bottom of the next reaction zone 13; the overflow assembly 2 also includes a pushing member 23, the pushing end of the pushing member 23 is arranged between the first overflow plate 21 and the second overflow plate 22, and the pushing end is used to move from the overflow inlet 211 to the overflow outlet 221. During the movement, the material can be pushed to the next reaction zone 13 to increase the discharge speed of the material; and a guide member 3 is provided at the pushing position, which has a guide surface extending obliquely from the bottom of the reaction zone 13 to the middle, so that the discharged material forms a gradually upward flow path, and the material pressurized by the pushing end is guided to the middle of the reaction zone 13 to promote the flow and mixing of the material, so that the material is not easy to sink to the bottom. By promoting the flow of the material, it also helps to delay scaling, and can improve the slurry mixing and reaction efficiency.

[0032] To further improve the mixing efficiency, as shown in FIG1 , in some possible embodiments, the multi-stage hybrid high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore further includes a plurality of stirring assemblies 4, and the stirring ends of the stirring assemblies 4 are disposed in correspondence with each of the reaction zones 13, for stirring the materials in each of the reaction zones 13. Furthermore, the guiding direction of the guiding surface corresponds to the stirring end, so that the slurry discharged from the next reaction zone 13 after being guided by the guiding surface will flow to the stirring end of the stirring assembly 4. The rotating stirring end can timely stir and mix the materials, making the mixing more uniform.

[0033] In order to achieve separate stirring of the materials in each reaction zone 13, specifically, in some possible embodiments, the stirring assembly 4 includes a drive shaft 41, at least one stirring paddle 42 and a drive motor 43. The drive shaft 41 is vertically arranged in the middle position of the corresponding reaction zone 13, one end of which is rotatably installed on the top of the reactor body 1 corresponding to the reaction zone 13, and the other end extends vertically to the bottom of the reaction zone 13 and is spaced from the bottom of the reactor body 1; at least one stirring paddle 42 is embedded in the outer periphery of the drive shaft 41 and is located below the top of the first overflow plate 21 of the corresponding reaction zone; the rotating shaft of the drive motor 43 is connected to the drive shaft 41 to drive the drive shaft 41 to rotate, and the driving shaft 41 drives the stirring paddle 42 sleeved on its outside to rotate to stir the materials in the reaction zone 13.

[0034] In order to enable the slurry to be output from the feed pipe 11 to the discharge pipe 12 in the reactor body 1, in some possible embodiments, the height of each first overflow plate 21 is set to decrease in the flow direction of the material, so that the height of each overflow inlet 211 gradually decreases in the flow direction of the material, and the height of each second overflow plate 22 is equal, so that the height of each overflow outlet 221 is equal. Specifically, in this embodiment, there are four overflow assemblies 2, which divide the interior of the reactor body 1 into five reaction zones 13. Therefore, there are four corresponding guide members 3 and five stirring assemblies 4. Since the height of each first overflow plate 21 is set to decrease in the flow direction of the material The height of each overflow inlet 211 gradually decreases in the flow direction of the material. Therefore, the overflow height in each reaction zone 13 is different. The liquid level of the slurry in the reaction zone 13 tends to gradually decrease in the flow direction of the material. It can be seen that the closer the reaction zone 13 is to the discharge pipe 12, the lower the slurry level is. In order to make rational use of the stirring assembly 4, in the first two reaction zones 13 close to the feed pipe 11, the stirring assembly 4 is provided with two stirring paddles 42, and the two stirring paddles 42 are fixed on the outside of the drive shaft 41 at intervals, and in the other three reaction zones 13, the stirring assembly 4 has one stirring paddle 42, wherein, whether close to or far away from the feed pipe 11, the stirring paddle 42 is arranged below the overflow height of the slurry.

[0035] It should be noted that the rotating shaft of the drive motor 43 can be directly connected to the drive shaft 41 through a coupling to drive the drive shaft 41 to rotate, or the drive shaft 41 can be driven to rotate through a crank-connecting rod mechanism, a planetary gear system or other transmission system.

[0036] In order to achieve the goal of pushing the material to the next reaction zone 13 when the pushing end moves from the overflow inlet 211 to the overflow outlet 221, as shown in Figures 2 to 4, in some possible embodiments, the overflow assembly 2 further includes a material guide partition 24, wherein the material guide partition 24 is arranged between the corresponding first overflow plate 21 and the second overflow plate 22, and each side thereof is sealed with the first overflow plate 21, the second overflow plate 22 and the reactor body 1, and the top of the material guide partition 24 is sealed with the corresponding first overflow plate 2 1 is on a horizontal plane; a vertically arranged material guide channel 241 is provided in the middle of the material guide partition 24 to connect the overflow inlet 211 and the overflow outlet 221. This allows the slurry in the corresponding reaction zone 13, after reaching the top height of the first overflow plate 21, to overflow through the top of the first overflow plate 21 onto the material guide partition 24 to form the material guide channel 241. The material guide channel 241 passes through the bottom of the material guide partition 24 and is connected to the overflow outlet 221. The slurry can be directed to the overflow outlet 221 through the material guide channel 241. In addition, the pushing end of the pusher 23 is disposed in the material guide channel 241, and the pushing end and the material guide channel 241 are slidably engaged in the vertical direction, so that the pushing end of the pusher 23 can slide up and down within the material guide channel 241. Specifically, the pusher 23 includes a pressure plate 232 and at least one driving cylinder 231. The pressure plate 232 is horizontally arranged in the material guide channel 241 and slides with the material guide channel 241. The driving cylinder 231 is installed on the top of the reactor body 1, and its driving end extends vertically downward until it is fixedly connected to the pressure plate 232. When the driving end of the driving cylinder 231 contracts, it drives the pressure plate 232 to slide up and down in the material guide channel 241. When the pressure plate 232 slides downward, it can squeeze and push the slurry in the material guide channel 241 toward the overflow outlet 221, thereby pushing the material to the next reaction zone 13 and increasing the flow rate of the slurry. Furthermore, in this embodiment, there are two driving cylinders 231 in the pusher 23, and their driving ends are respectively connected to the front and rear parts of the top of the pressure plate 232 to improve its stability during operation.

[0037] It can be understood that in this embodiment, the side edges of the material guide partition 24 and the first overflow plate 21, the second overflow plate 22 and the reactor body 1 can be welded, or other other connection methods that can seal and fix the components under high-pressure acid leaching environment.

[0038] In order to guide the pushed out material to the middle of the reaction zone 13, as shown in Figure 1, in some possible embodiments, the guide member 3 includes an inclined platform 31, and the inclined platform 31 is arranged on one side of the overflow outlet 221 at the bottom of the corresponding reaction zone 13, and its top forms a material guide surface extending upward from the bottom of the overflow outlet 221, which can guide the pushed out material to the middle of the reaction zone 13, and the stirring paddle 42 is located on one side of the upper end of the material guide surface, which can stir and mix the transported material in time. The connection between the bottom of the inclined platform 31 and the inner wall of the reactor body 1 is a curved surface, so that the inclined platform 31 is an arc-shaped structure.

[0039] In other possible embodiments, the guide member 3 is not limited to being an inclined platform 31, and may also be of other shapes or structures, for example, a guide plate and a fixed bracket are used, where the guide plate is used to guide the slurry and the fixed bracket is used to support the guide plate.

[0040] When the pressure plate 232 slides downward, the slurry in the guide channel 241 can be squeezed and pushed out to the next reaction zone 13 at the overflow outlet 221. When the pressure plate 232 slides upward, if the material above the pressure plate 232 cannot be introduced into the guide channel 241 below the pressure plate 232, the slurry in the reaction zone 13 will flow back to the guide channel 241. Therefore, as shown in Figures 4 to 6, in some possible embodiments, the pressure plate 232 includes a horizontal plate body 233 and two movable plugs 234. The horizontal plate body 233 is horizontally arranged inside the guide channel 241 and is fixedly connected to the driving end of the driving cylinder 231. 31 can realize driving the horizontal plate body 233 to slide up and down in the material guide channel 241. Furthermore, movable grooves 235 are opened on the front and rear sides of the horizontal plate body 233 along the material flow direction. A discharge channel 238 is provided on one side of the movable groove 235. The bottom of the pressing plate 232 is a curved surface with the same curvature as the bottom of the inner wall of the reactor body 1. Specifically, the discharge channel 238 is designed in an L-shaped structure. After extending a certain length from the movable groove 235 to the middle of the horizontal plate body 233, it extends downward and passes through the bottom end of the horizontal plate body 233, and is connected to the material guide channel 241 below the pressing plate 232; the two movable plugs 234 are respectively provided on both sides. The movable slot 235 is in the movable slot 235 and slides with the movable slot 235. It mainly serves as a switch to open or close the discharge channel 238, and can cooperate with the horizontal plate body 233 to achieve transverse sealing when the pressure plate 232 is pressed down, wherein the sliding stroke of the movable plug 234 has a sealing state in which it slides to the upper part of the movable slot 235 to seal the discharge channel 238, and a conducting state in which it slides to the lower part of the movable slot 235 to connect the guide channel 241 above and below the pressure plate 232 through the discharge channel 238; when the driving cylinder 231 drives the horizontal plate body 233 to slide downward, the movable plug 234 is in a sealing state, and the pressure plate 232 is pressed downward. The materials in the upper and lower material guide channels 241 are separated so that the slurry in the material guide channel 241 can be squeezed out to the next reaction zone 13 when the pressure plate 232 moves downward. At the same time, the slurry overflowing from the previous reaction zone 13 gradually flows into the material guide channel 241 above the pressure plate 232 as the pressure plate 232 slides downward. When the driving cylinder 231 drives the horizontal plate body 233 to slide upward, the movable plug 234 is in a conducting state. At this time, the discharge channel 238 is connected to the upper and lower material guide channels 241 of the pressure plate 232, so that when the pressure plate 232 slides upward, the slurry above the pressure plate 232 can gradually flow into the lower material guide channel 241 through the discharge channel 238.

[0041] In order to realize that when the driving cylinder 231 drives the cross plate body 233 to slide downward, the movable plug 234 is in a sealed state, and when the driving cylinder 231 drives the cross plate body 233 to slide upward, the movable plug 234 is in a conducting state, in some possible embodiments, both the upper and lower sides of the movable groove 235 are provided with limiting parts for limiting the sliding of the movable plug 234 in the movable groove 235. When the driving cylinder 231 drives the cross plate body 233 to slide downward, the cross plate body 233 moves downward under the drive of the driving cylinder 231 while the movable plug 234 does not move. After the cross plate body 233 moves down to a certain distance, the movable plug 234 is pressed against the limiting part above it. The limiting part limits the movable plug 234, so that the movable plug 234 is kept in the movable groove 235 after sliding upward in the movable groove 235. When the driving cylinder 231 drives the cross plate body 233 to slide upward, the cross plate body 233 moves upward under the drive of the driving cylinder 231 while the movable plug 234 remains in a fixed position. After the cross plate body 233 moves up to a certain distance, the movable plug 234 is pressed against the limiting portion below it. The limiting portion limits the movable plug 234 so that the movable plug 234 slides downward in the movable groove 235 and remains in the lower part of the movable groove 235, so that the movable plug 234 is in a conducting state. At this time, the discharge channel 238 is connected to the guide channels 241 above and below the pressing plate 232, so that when the pressing plate 232 slides upward, the slurry above the pressing plate 232 can gradually flow through the discharge channel 238 to the guide channel 241 below. Of course, in other embodiments, a driving member such as an air cylinder or an oil cylinder may be provided to drive the movable plug 234 to switch between the sealing state and the conducting state.

[0042] Specifically, in this embodiment, the upper and lower ends of the movable groove 235 are further provided with a conducting groove 236 and a closing portion 237, respectively. The conducting groove 236 is connected to the movable groove 235, and its length in the transverse direction is equal to the length of the movable groove 235, and its width in the longitudinal direction is less than the width of the movable groove 235. The side edges of the closing portion 237 are fitted with the inner wall of the guide channel 241, and the portion corresponding to the conducting groove 236 and the closing portion 237 above the horizontal plate body 233 serve as the above-mentioned limit. The movable plug 234 is provided with a groove 236 for sliding upward and downward. When the movable plug 234 is in the conducting state, the guide channels 241 above and below the pressure plate 232 can be connected through the conducting groove 236, the movable groove 235 and the discharge channel 238 to facilitate the flow of slurry. The thickness of the movable plug 234 is greater than the diameter of the discharge channel 238. When the movable plug 234 is in the closed state, it can completely seal the inlet of the discharge channel 238 to prevent the slurry from flowing through the discharge channel 238 to the lower position of the movable groove 235.

[0043] The present invention provides a multi-stage hybrid high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore. The reactor body 1, the first overflow plate 21 and the second overflow plate 22 are provided. An overflow inlet 211 is formed between the first overflow plate 21 and the top surface of the reactor body 1, and an overflow outlet 221 is formed between the second overflow plate 22 and the bottom surface of the reactor body 1. When the liquid level of the material in the reaction zone 13 is higher than the height of the first overflow plate 21, it will flow through the overflow inlet 211, between the first overflow plate 21 and the second overflow plate 22, to the overflow outlet 221, and flow to the next reaction zone 13 through the overflow outlet 221. The overflow outlet 221 is formed by the gap between the second overflow plate 22 and the bottom surface of the reactor body 1, thereby realizing that the slurry that has reached the overflow height and overflowed is reflected downward. The overflow assembly 2 further includes a pusher 23, the pushing end of which is disposed between the first overflow plate 21 and the second overflow plate 22. The pusher 23 moves from the overflow inlet 211 to the overflow outlet 221, pushing the material to the next reaction zone 13 during movement, thereby increasing the material discharge rate. A flow guide 3 is provided at the pushing position, having a guide surface extending obliquely from the bottom of the reaction zone 13 toward the middle, so that the discharged material forms a gradually upward flow path, directing the material pressurized by the pusher end toward the middle of the reaction zone 13 to promote material flow and mixing. A stirring assembly 4 is also provided, with the guide surface's material guiding direction corresponding to the stirring end of the stirring assembly 4, to promptly stir and mix the conveyed material. This prevents the material from sinking to the bottom, promotes material flow, and helps delay scaling, thereby improving slurry mixing and reaction efficiency.

[0044] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "lower" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] It should be noted that, in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element.

[0046] The specific embodiments of the present invention described above do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage hybrid high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore, It is characterized in that include: A reactor body, wherein two ends of the reactor body are respectively provided with a feed pipe and a discharge pipe; A plurality of overflow assemblies, wherein the plurality of overflow assemblies are sequentially arranged inside the reactor body along the material flow direction to divide the inside of the reactor body into a plurality of reaction zones, wherein each of the overflow assemblies comprises a first overflow plate, a second overflow plate and a material pushing member, wherein the first overflow plate and the second overflow plate are respectively arranged at intervals and staggered at the bottom and the top of the reactor body, wherein an overflow inlet is formed between the first overflow plate and the top surface of the reactor body, and an overflow outlet is formed between the second overflow plate and the bottom surface of the reactor body; the material pushing member has a material pushing end arranged between the first overflow plate and the second overflow plate, and is used to move from the overflow inlet to the overflow outlet to push the material to the next reaction zone; and, A plurality of flow guides are arranged one by one at each of the overflow outlets, and have a material guiding surface extending obliquely from the bottom of the reaction zone to the middle, so as to guide the pushed material to the middle of the reaction zone.

2. The multi-stage hybrid high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore according to claim 1, It is characterized in that It also includes a plurality of stirring components, and the stirring ends of the stirring components are arranged in correspondence with each other in the reaction zones, so as to stir the materials in the reaction zones.

3. The multi-stage hybrid high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The stirring assembly includes a drive shaft, at least one stirring paddle and a drive motor. One end of the driving shaft is rotatably mounted on the top of the corresponding reaction zone, and the other end thereof extends vertically to the bottom of the reaction zone; at least one stirring paddle is sleeved and mounted on the outer periphery of the driving shaft, and both are located below the top of the first overflow plate of the corresponding reaction zone; The rotating shaft of the driving motor is connected to the driving shaft to drive the driving shaft to rotate.

4. The multi-stage hybrid high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The material guiding direction of the material guiding surface corresponds to the stirring end.

5. The multi-stage hybrid high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The height of each first overflow plate is arranged to decrease in the flow direction of the material, so that the height of each overflow inlet gradually decreases in the flow direction of the material, and the height of each second overflow plate is equal, so that the height of each overflow outlet is equal.

6. The multi-stage hybrid high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The overflow assembly also includes a material guide partition, The material guide partition is arranged between the corresponding first overflow plate and the second overflow plate, and each side thereof is sealedly connected to the first overflow plate, the second overflow plate and the reactor body, and the top thereof is on the same horizontal plane as the top of the corresponding first overflow plate; a vertically arranged material guide channel is arranged in the middle of the material guide partition to connect the overflow inlet and the overflow outlet; The pushing end of the pushing member is arranged in the material guiding channel, and the pushing end and the material guiding channel are slidably matched in the vertical direction.

7. The multi-stage hybrid high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The pusher comprises a pressing plate and at least one driving cylinder. The pressing plate is horizontally arranged in the material guiding channel and slidably cooperates with the material guiding channel; the driving cylinder is installed on the top of the reactor body, and its driving end extends vertically downward until it is connected to the pressing plate, so as to drive the pressing plate to slide up and down in the material guiding channel.

8. The multi-stage hybrid high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The pressure plate includes a horizontal plate body and two movable plugs. The horizontal plate body is connected to the driving cylinder, and movable grooves are provided on both sides thereof along the material flow direction, and a discharge channel is provided on one side of the movable groove, and the bottom end of the discharge channel passes through the bottom end of the horizontal plate body and is connected with the material guide channel; The two movable plugs are respectively arranged in the movable grooves on both sides and slideably cooperate with the movable grooves. The sliding stroke includes sliding to the upper part of the movable groove to seal the discharge channel in a sealed state, and sliding to the lower part of the movable groove to connect the guide channels above and below the pressure plate through the discharge channel in a conducting state.

9. The multi-stage hybrid high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore according to claim 8, It is characterized in that Limiting parts are provided on both the upper and lower sides of the movable groove, which are used to limit the sliding of the movable plug in the movable groove. When the driving cylinder drives the horizontal plate body to slide downward, the movable plug slides upward in the movable groove and remains in the upper part of the movable groove, and the movable plug is in a sealed state; When the driving cylinder drives the transverse plate body to slide upward, the movable plug is caused to slide downward in the movable groove and remain at the lower part of the movable groove, and the movable plug is in a conducting state.

10. The multi-stage hybrid high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore according to claim 9, It is characterized in that The upper and lower ends of the movable groove are respectively provided with a conducting groove and a closing portion, the conducting groove is connected to the movable groove, the length in the transverse direction is equal to the length of the movable groove, the width in the longitudinal direction is smaller than the width of the movable groove, the side edges of the closing portion are fitted with the inner wall of the guide channel, and the thickness of the movable plug is greater than the diameter of the discharge channel.

11. The multi-stage hybrid high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The bottom of the pressing plate is a curved surface with the same curvature as the bottom of the inner wall of the reactor body.

12. The multi-stage hybrid high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The guide member includes an inclined platform, which is arranged on one side of the overflow outlet at the bottom of the corresponding reaction zone, and its top forms a material guide surface extending upward from the bottom of the overflow outlet. The connection between the bottom of the inclined platform and the inner wall of the reactor body is a curved surface.

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