Electrostatic shielding structure, wireless charging system, and vehicle

Abstract

A vehicle, comprising a wireless charging system. The wireless charging system comprises a wireless charging transmitting device. The wireless charging transmitting device comprises an electrostatic shielding structure. The electrostatic shielding structure comprises a plurality of conductive segments and a conductive connection portion; the plurality of conductive segments extend radially and can form a closed shape which is hollow on the inner side in the radial direction, the plurality of conductive segments are separated from each other by a plurality of first gaps, at least one of the conductive segments is grounded, and the plurality of conductive segments are conductively connected by means of the conductive connection portion.

Description

Electrostatic shielding structure, wireless charging system and vehicle

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202323082338.X, filed on November 15, 2023, entitled “Electrostatic Shielding Structure and Vehicle for Wireless Charging,” the entire contents of which are incorporated herein for all purposes. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to the field of wireless charging, and more particularly, to an electrostatic shielding structure, a wireless charging system, and a vehicle. Background Art

[0004] In a wireless charging system, the coil device uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to achieve contactless power transmission in the form of electromagnetic waves. Since low-frequency electric and magnetic fields are generated around the coil device, the electromagnetic radiation is received by other electrical equipment and causes EMI electromagnetic interference. The interference may interrupt, hinder or otherwise reduce or limit the effective performance of other electrical equipment, causing electromagnetic pollution to the environmental space within a certain range.

[0005] Currently, there is little research on electric field shielding in wireless charging systems. If the electric field around the coil device cannot be effectively shielded, the shielding performance of the wireless charging system will be seriously affected.

[0006] Public content

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electrostatic shielding structure for wireless charging.

[0008] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, an electrostatic shielding structure is provided. The electrostatic shielding structure includes a plurality of conductive segments and a conductive connection portion. The plurality of conductive segments extend radially and may be in a closed shape with a radially inner hollow portion. The plurality of conductive segments are separated from each other by a plurality of first gaps, at least one of the conductive segments is grounded, and the plurality of conductive segments are conductively connected via the conductive connection portion.

[0009] Optionally, the length of the conductive segment connected to the ground is greater than the length of the other conductive segments, and the conductive segment connected to the ground is grounded on the radially outer side.

[0010] Optionally, the size of the first gap is smaller than the width of the conductive segment.

[0011] Optionally, the multiple conductive segments and the conductive connecting parts constitute N shielding components, and there is a second gap between the shielding components, wherein the number of the conductive segments connected to the ground is N, each shielding component includes a conductive segment connected to the ground, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0012] Optionally, the conductive connection portion is located radially inside the plurality of conductive segments; or, the conductive connection portion is located radially outside the plurality of conductive segments; or, the conductive connection portion is located between the radial inside and radial outside of the plurality of conductive segments.

[0013] Optionally, the electrostatic shielding structure is in a ring shape, a square shape, a racetrack shape or other shapes.

[0014] Optionally, the plurality of conductive segments or the conductive connecting portion are made of a material selected from silver, copper, aluminum, gold, tin, and combinations thereof.

[0015] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a wireless charging system is provided, comprising a wireless charging transmitter device, the wireless charging transmitter device comprising a transmitting coil, and an electrostatic shielding structure as described in any one of the first aspects of the present disclosure being provided on a top surface of the transmitting coil.

[0016] Optionally, the electrostatic shielding structure has the same shape as the transmitting coil, wherein the outer diameter of the multiple conductive segments is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the transmitting coil, and the inner diameter of the multiple conductive segments is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the transmitting coil.

[0017] Optionally, the wireless charging system further includes a wireless charging receiving device, the wireless charging receiving device includes a receiving coil, and the electrostatic shielding structure is located on a side of the transmitting coil facing the receiving coil.

[0018] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a vehicle is provided, comprising the wireless charging system according to any one of the second aspects of the present disclosure.

[0019] The electrostatic shielding structure provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure includes multiple conductive segments and conductive connecting parts; the multiple conductive segments extend radially and are closed, the multiple conductive segments are separated from each other by multiple first gaps, at least one of the conductive segments is grounded, and the multiple conductive segments are conductively connected through the conductive connecting parts. Through this structural design, the circular induced electric field generated in the wireless charging system can be effectively shielded to prevent it from leaking into the system environment, thereby avoiding the leaked electric field from causing adverse effects on other electronic components or the entire system. The electrostatic shielding structure of this structural design has high shielding performance, simple processing technology, and has a series of advantages such as small size, light weight, and low cost. It can be safely and widely used in wireless charging systems.

[0020] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0022] FIG1 is an axial magnetic field (forward or reverse) of a wireless charging system in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0023] FIG2 is a circular induction electric field (clockwise or counterclockwise) of the wireless charging system in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] FIG3 is a circular induced electric field of the shielding assembly in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0025] FIG4 is a circular electrostatic shielding structure of a wireless charging system in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] FIG5 is a square electrostatic shielding structure of a wireless charging system in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] FIG6 is a racetrack-shaped electrostatic shielding structure of a wireless charging system in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] FIG7 is an electrostatic shielding structure with segmented connections at the inner diameter of the wireless charging system in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0029] FIG8 is an electrostatic shielding structure with segmented connections at the outer diameter of the wireless charging system in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] Description of reference numerals: 10, shielding assembly; 11, first conductive segment; 12, second conductive segment; 13, conductive connection portion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present disclosure and are not to be construed as limiting the present disclosure. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0032] The features of the terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of the present disclosure may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more.

[0033] In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "center", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present disclosure.

[0034] For the entire wireless charging system, in addition to coil transmission efficiency and system stability, the electromagnetic safety of the wireless charging system during operation needs to be further improved. Currently, most wireless charging systems lack electric field shielding, and the impact of electric fields during system operation is also a factor that cannot be ignored.

[0035] When the wireless charging system is working, it will generate an axial circular magnetic field. Taking the circular transmitting coil and the circular receiving coil as an example, as shown in Figure 1, the magnetic induction line starts from the middle of the transmitting coil, points to the outer edge of the transmitting coil, enters through the outer edge of the receiving coil, exits from the middle of the receiving coil, and returns to the middle of the transmitting coil, thus forming an axial circular magnetic field.

[0036] A magnetic field can induce an electric field, and the direction of the magnetic field can determine the direction of the electric field. According to the right-hand rule, a corresponding circular induced electric field is formed when looking down at the transmitting or receiving coil, as shown in Figure 2. The direction of the circular induced electric field can be clockwise or counterclockwise.

[0037] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, an electrostatic shielding structure is provided. As shown in FIG3 , the electrostatic shielding structure includes multiple conductive segments and a conductive connection portion 13. The multiple conductive segments extend radially and may be hollow and closed radially inward. The multiple conductive segments are separated from each other by multiple first gaps, and at least one conductive segment is grounded. The multiple conductive segments are conductively connected via the conductive connection portion 13. To facilitate distinguishing the grounded conductive segments, the multiple conductive segments are divided into a first conductive segment 11 and a second conductive segment 12 that is grounded.

[0038] With this structural design, since the electrostatic shielding structure is embedded within the wireless charging power generation device and is configured to directly cover the transmitting coil and extend beyond the physical or geometric dimensions of the transmitting coil, the electrostatic shielding structure must be grounded for proper operation. The grounded shielding terminates the electric field generated by the switching of the charging current carried by the transmitting coil of the wireless charging system. Furthermore, at each point on the electrostatic shielding structure, the circular induced electric field can have a direction substantially perpendicular to at least one of the first conductive segment 11 and the second conductive segment 12. Utilizing the principle of electric field induction, the electrostatic shielding structure effectively shields the circular induced electric field generated in the wireless charging system, preventing the electric field surrounding the coil assembly from leaking into the system environment and adversely affecting other electronic components or the entire system. At the same time, the electrostatic shielding structure still allows magnetic field energy to radiate in the area above the shielding assembly, enabling the wireless charging system to charge a load inductively coupled to the transmitting coil, thereby effectively addressing EMI and other electromagnetic interference issues in the wireless charging system.

[0039] In one embodiment, the length of the second conductive segment 12 is greater than that of the first conductive segment 11, and the radial outer side of the second conductive segment 12 is grounded. The second conductive segment 12 shown in FIG3 is located on one circumferential side of the plurality of first conductive segments 11. The second conductive segment 12 has an extended end, and the second conductive segment 12 is grounded at the extended end. The relative position of the second conductive segment 12 and the plurality of first conductive segments 11 is not limited, and the second conductive segment 12 may also be located in the middle of the plurality of first conductive segments 11.

[0040] In one embodiment, the first gap is smaller than the width of the first conductive segment 11 and the width of the second conductive segment 12 .

[0041] In one embodiment, multiple conductive segments and conductive connectors constitute N shielding assemblies 10, with second gaps between the shielding assemblies 10. The number of second conductive segments 12 is N, with each shielding assembly including one second conductive segment 12, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. Taking N as an example, a circular electrostatic shielding structure can be composed of four shielding assemblies 10 of identical structure and dimensions, with the four shielding assemblies 10 separated and unconnected from one another. Because the magnetic field generated by the planar spiral coil is stronger at the inner edge of the transmitting / receiving coil, weakens toward the middle, and further intensifies toward the outer edge of the transmitting / receiving coil, each shielding assembly 10 can effectively isolate and shield the strong interfering electric field at the inner edge of the magnetic coupling coil at its smaller radially inner end surface. Multiple adjacent shielding assemblies 10 can better neutralize and offset the induced electric field. At the same time, the spaced-apart shielding assemblies 10 can interrupt the induced eddy current loop, thereby significantly reducing the electric field strength of the interfering field in the protected space. The number of the shielding components 10 may be two, six or more, and the electrostatic shielding structure is formed by two, six or more shielding components spaced apart from each other.

[0042] In one embodiment, the conductive connection portion 13 is located between the radially inner and radially outer sides of the first conductive segment 11, as shown in Figures 4-6. Based on the distribution characteristics of the induced magnetic field during wireless transmission, the conductive connection portion is used to electrically connect the shield assembly 10 at a location where the magnetic field is relatively weak between the radially inner and radially outer sides, and is grounded at the radially outer end of the second conductive segment 12. This effectively prevents the generation of a circular induced electric field and eddy currents in the induced magnetic field, thereby effectively preventing noise accumulation, electronic interference, and eddy current heat loss.

[0043] There are many possible locations for the conductive connection portion 13. For example, the conductive connection portion 13 is located radially inside the first conductive segment 11, as shown in FIG7 . In another example, the conductive connection portion 13 is located radially outside the first conductive segment 11, as shown in FIG8 .

[0044] In one embodiment, the shape of the electrostatic shielding structure is a ring, a square, a racetrack or other shapes. The shape of the electrostatic shielding structure can be designed and adjusted according to the shape of the magnetic coupling coil.

[0045] In one embodiment, the first conductive segment 11, the second conductive segment 12, or the conductive connection portion 13 can be made of a metal or alloy with high conductivity, such as silver, copper, aluminum, gold, or tin. This allows the electrostatic shielding structure to effectively shield stray electromagnetic fields and heat. The electrostatic shielding structure can be a separate metal shielding layer, the etched side of a printed circuit board, or a flexible carrier with a conductive coating. As a result, the electrostatic shielding structure offers high shielding performance, simple processing, and advantages such as small size, light weight, and low cost.

[0046] In one embodiment, the thickness of the shielding assembly 10 should be as small as possible, preferably on the order of microns. The thinner conductive material allows magnetic flux to pass through but prevents the electric field from passing through, effectively avoiding large eddy current losses on the shielding assembly during the magnetic field coupling process of the wireless charging system.

[0047] In addition, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a wireless charging transmitter device, which includes a transmitting coil, and an electrostatic shielding structure according to any of the above embodiments is provided on the top surface of the transmitting coil.

[0048] In one embodiment, the electrostatic shielding structure has the same shape as the transmitting coil, the outer diameter of the first conductive segment is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the transmitting coil, and the inner diameter of the first conductive segment is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the transmitting coil.

[0049] The entire electrostatic shielding structure can be similar in shape to the transmitting coil, with an outer diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the transmitting coil and an inner diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the transmitting coil, so that the entire electrostatic shielding structure completely covers the transmitting coil. If a large number of conductive sections are arranged in the hollow areas radially outside and inside the transmitting coil, the generation of circular eddy currents will increase, hindering wireless power transmission and increasing manufacturing costs.

[0050] Furthermore, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a wireless charging system, which includes the wireless charging transmitter device in any of the above embodiments.

[0051] In one embodiment, the wireless charging system further includes a wireless charging receiving device, the wireless charging receiving device includes a receiving coil, and the electrostatic shielding structure is located on a side of the transmitting coil facing the receiving coil.

[0052] The structures of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil can be designed according to the Qi standard, the Power Matters Alliance (PMA) standard, the Alliance for Wireless Power (A4WP) standard, or other wireless charging standards. The corresponding electrostatic shielding structure can be designed as a circular or square structure similar to a single magnetic coupling coil, as shown in Figures 4, 5, 7, and 8; or a long runway structure of three magnetic coupling coils, as shown in Figure 6; or various structural types corresponding to the specific shapes of wireless power transmission coils.

[0053] In addition, the embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a vehicle, which includes the wireless charging system according to any of the above embodiments, and the specific implementation thereof can refer to the above embodiments.

[0054] This structural design effectively shields the circular induced electric field generated by the wireless charging system, preventing it from coupling to other electronic modules or antennas in the vehicle, thus preventing the leaked electric field from adversely affecting other electronic components or the entire system. While still allowing the magnetic field energy to radiate in the area between the wireless charging modules, this electrostatic shielding structure offers high shielding performance, simple processing, and a range of advantages, including small size, light weight, and low cost. It can be safely and widely used in various wireless charging systems, including vehicles and mobile terminals.

[0055] The foregoing description describes specific embodiments of the present disclosure. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims can be performed in an order different from that described in the embodiments and still achieve the desired results. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order shown or the sequential order to achieve the desired results. In certain embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0056] While various embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above, the above descriptions are illustrative, non-exhaustive, and not intended to be limiting of the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is selected to best explain the principles of the embodiments, their practical applications, or improvements to existing technologies, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An electrostatic shielding structure, characterized in that: include: A plurality of conductive sections (11, 12) and conductive connecting portions (13); The multiple conductive segments (11, 12) extend radially and may be in a closed shape with a hollow radial inner side, the multiple conductive segments (11, 12) are separated from each other by multiple first gaps, at least one of the conductive segments is grounded, and the multiple conductive segments (11, 12) are conductively connected via the conductive connecting portion (13).

2. The electrostatic shielding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the conductive section connected to the ground is greater than the length of the other conductive sections, and the conductive section connected to the ground is grounded on the radially outer side.

3. The electrostatic shielding structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first gap has a size smaller than a width of the conductive segment.

4. The electrostatic shielding structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multiple conductive segments (11, 12) and the conductive connecting portion (13) constitute N shielding components, and a second gap is provided between the shielding components, wherein the conductive segments connected to the ground are N in number, each shielding component includes one conductive segment connected to the ground, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

5. The electrostatic shielding structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The conductive connection portion (13) is located radially inside the plurality of conductive segments (11, 12); Alternatively, the conductive connection portion (13) is located radially outside the plurality of conductive segments (11, 12); Alternatively, the conductive connection portion (13) is located between the radial inner side and the radial outer side of the plurality of conductive segments (11, 12).

6. The electrostatic shielding structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The electrostatic shielding structure has a ring shape, a square shape, a racetrack shape or other shapes.

7. The electrostatic shielding structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The plurality of conductive segments (11, 12) or the conductive connection portion (13) are made of a material selected from silver, copper, aluminum, gold, tin and combinations thereof.

8. A wireless charging system, characterized in that: It comprises a wireless charging transmitting device, wherein the wireless charging transmitting device comprises a transmitting coil, and an electrostatic shielding structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is arranged on the top surface of the transmitting coil.

9. The wireless charging system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The electrostatic shielding structure has the same shape as the transmitting coil, wherein the outer diameter of the multiple conductive segments (11, 12) is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the transmitting coil, and the inner diameter of the multiple conductive segments (11, 12) is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the transmitting coil.

10. The wireless charging system according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a wireless charging receiving device, which includes a receiving coil, and the electrostatic shielding structure is located on a side of the transmitting coil facing the receiving coil.

11. A vehicle, characterized in that: A wireless charging system comprising any one of claims 8-10.

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