Device for fixing interior glazing

Abstract

The invention relates to a securing device for fixing a pane (20) in front of or behind exterior glazing (10) for producing an easily accessible, protected cavity (9) and installing a sun protector (27, 46) with a static or rear-ventilated air cushion. The invention is characterised in that the pane (20) is firmly seated at the bottom and an elongate profile (19) with U-shaped contour or U-shaped individual elements (19) is / are pulled vertically displaceably over the pane edge. The profile (19) or individual elements (19) serve as a glass mounting for the internal pane, in that a hook profile contour with a downwardly angled leg (18) is situated on the elongate profile (19) with U-shaped contour or on U-shaped individual elements (19). A stationary hook profile contour with an upwardly angled leg (17) is located within the cavity (9). This is arranged such that, by lowering the elongate profile (19) with U-shaped contour or the U-shaped individual elements (19), the legs (17, 18) hook together. The interior pane (20) is fixable in a vertical position and secured against tilting by the hooked-together joint. Ease of access to the cavity is ensured by raising and unhooking the elongate profile (19) with U-shaped contour or U-shaped individual elements (19) from the hooked-together joint (17, 18).

Description

[0001] Device for fixing interior glazing

[0002] The invention relates to a fixing device for a cover pane in front of or behind an external glazing for producing a closed, but easily openable cavity between the cover pane and the external glazing for generating a static or rear-ventilated air cushion as well as for the installation and maintenance of a sun protection device.

[0003] It is known to install an inner pane of glass in a surrounding frame and to attach this to the inside of a facade by hooking the frame to a window sash, for example.

[0004] Such glass frames for interlocking can be found, for example, in Japanese patent application 02188789, utility model application PA 295657, and GB 2579605. The surrounding frames enclose the inner pane at its edges. The panes themselves are fixed in the frame. The weight of the glass panes is transferred via the surrounding glass frames and transferred into the primary façade frame structure by means of an interlocking mechanism.

[0005] Another disadvantage of the perimeter frames is their airtightness. The panes must be sealed within the facade frame and also within the primary glass frame to create an insulating air pocket. The perimeter frames therefore require two perimeter seals. The goal is to at least eliminate the need for a perimeter seal and the perimeter support frame.

[0006] The objective is also to avoid using a hook that supports the weight of the panes. The weight of the pane should be placed only on one edge of the pane at the bottom, so that the cover pane only needs to be secured against tipping.

[0007] These objects of the invention are achieved by a device that is placed over the upper edge of the pane and is height-adjustable. This allows the panes, with their heavy weight, to be first lowered into their final position during assembly and then tilted upwards into the vertical position and hooked onto the height-adjustable device to secure them against tipping. This significantly simplifies assembly. The device hooks into a fixed, upwardly open angle profile arranged within the cavity. The innovative device thus consists of a top hook that is held vertically adjustable on the upper edge of the glass. The device can be designed as a single hook or as an elongated profile.

[0008] Ideally, the sliding hook hooks into a fixed angle that is open at the top and is firmly connected to a blind head rail.

[0009] The easy accessibility of the cavity or blind is based on the innovative idea of ​​loosely fitting an upper U-profile 19 over the inner pane 20, without creating a permanent connection to the inner pane 20. According to the invention, the U-profile 19 is simply slid over the front edge of the inner pane 20. The advantage of the sliding bearing compared to the prior art is that the pane does not have to be lifted to free itself from the entanglement. Only the U-profile itself is lifted to first tilt the heavy pane 20 and then remove it. The pane, with its considerable weight, initially remains upright at the bottom before being removed from the façade plane in a second step. Thanks to the sliding bearing of the profiles 18, 19, the construction also adapts to construction tolerances – a major advantage when measuring and manufacturing the components, especially when additional glazing is installed later.Tolerances are accommodated during construction by the sliding bearings of all U-profiles. Not shown in the figures is a possible additional rubber seal between the inner pane and U-profile 19.

[0010] Due to the sliding fit of the U-profile 19 on the upper edge of the inner pane 20, the blind head profile 26 and its anchoring to the ceiling are not subjected to the weight of the inner pane! The anchoring 16 of the blind head profile 26 can easily absorb the horizontal load that may occur as a result of a horizontal impact load on a pane 20.

[0011] The further inventive concept is the concealed hooking through the legs 17, 18 to the head rail 26 of the blind itself. The blind head profile 26 has a receiving hook 17, which is advantageously part of the profile contour 26. The hooking is not visible. From the inside, this results in a clear aesthetic with an upper shadow gap 30.

[0012] The pane is mounted at the bottom in a rubber U-profile 37 to protect the edge. The weight of the pane creates frictional resistance against the floor, eliminating the need for additional mounting or screwing. The advantage of this innovation is not only simplified installation of an interior pane, but also enables an aesthetically pleasing solution, as the pane does not require an additional surrounding frame. This also represents a cost advantage.

[0013] Further details are shown in the cross-sectional drawings Fig. 1 to 7:

[0014] Fig. 1 a sectional perspective through the facade seen from the outside

[0015] Fig. 2 a sectional perspective through the facade seen from the inside

[0016] Fig. 3 a vertical section through the facade

[0017] Fig. 4 Vertical section through the hook profiles

[0018] Fig. 5 the tilted inner pane

[0019] Fig. 6 Inner pane as stepped insulating glass

[0020] Fig. 7 shows a facade bar with a cooling pipe

[0021] Fig. 8 a perspective of a post and beam construction

[0022] Fig. 9 as Fig. 7, but with photovoltaic modules installed in the cavity

[0023] Fig. 10-12 a cross-section through a vertical pane edge and the U-shaped seals

[0024] Figures 1 to 3 show a post-and-beam construction 12 with an exterior glazing 10. This is held in place by a clamping profile 11, which is attached to the transom 12 from the outside.

[0025] Regardless of whether the exterior glazing 10 is single-pane or multi-pane, a blind head profile 26 is attached to the transom 12 or a load-bearing substructure. This is attached, for example, to a U-profile 16 screwed to the mounting base. This blind head profile 26 houses the mechanical components for the up and down movement of the blind 27, such as motors, winding shafts, etc.

[0026] The special feature of the fixing device is the blind head profile 26 with an angular hook profile with a leg 17, into which a second hook profile with a leg 18 hooks from above. The hooking leg 18 is firmly connected to a downwardly open U-profile 19, which is placed over an inner pane 20.

[0027] If, for maintenance reasons, it is necessary to remove the inner pane 20 to gain access to the blind, only the U-profile 18 / 19 is lifted, as can be seen particularly in Fig. 4, and released from its locking position in the retaining profile 17. The pane can then be tilted out of the facade plane and set aside, as can be seen in Fig. 5, thus securing access to the blind 27. In Fig. 5, the U-profile 19 has repositioned itself onto the front edge of the inner pane 20.

[0028] The core idea of ​​providing access to the blind behind the inner pane 20 lies in the device, which allows for easy removal of, for example, an inner pane, without the need for screw connections in separate support frame profiles and without having to unhook the heavy, large inner pane to free it from its installed position. The device with the U-profile 19 as an attachment to the upper edge of the inner pane 20 simultaneously serves as a cover 22 to cover the upper gap 28 between the blind head profile 26 and the first blind slat.

[0029] The inner pane 20, which protrudes at the bottom, has a U-profile 37 made of a soft plastic, such as EPDM or silicone, on its lower edge, thus preventing convective air exchange. Likewise, the upper hook on the blind head profile 26 prevents convective air exchange. This creates a largely insulating air cushion.

[0030] A particular advantage of this innovative device is that the panes can expand and shrink with temperature changes without stress building up in the glass. This is due to the sliding fit of the interlocking mechanism on the upper edge of the pane.

[0031] In a further development of the inventive concept, a rubber-like U-profile 37, e.g. made of EPDM or silicone, is also attached to the vertical edges of the inner pane to seal the cavity and create a well-insulating air cushion. Here, too, the advantage of the U-shaped, easily movable plug-in connection applies: The seal can be pushed up to a reveal wall 52, so that a largely airtight seal is also achieved in the vertical joints and the function of a heat-insulating air cushion is improved. Fig. 10 shows the pane 20 with the U-shaped rubber seal 50, the central adhesive 48 firmly attached to the facade mullion. The pane 20 sits in the U-profile and can expand in the joint b.

[0032] Fig. 11 shows an alternative: Instead of adhesive bonding, the pane is held vertically at its deflection by a screwed-on rectangular profile 44. Fig. 12 shows the support of a magnetic strip 50 and a steel strip 59 inserted into the U-profile to achieve adhesion to the magnet.

[0033] The principle of the invention, which provides a sliding fit for the U-shaped edge profiles of the pane—whether at the upper end edge of the glazing bead for static securing of the panes by means of the anti-tilting device or the lateral vertical seal—has the significant advantage that the panes 20 can expand upon heating without being subjected to mechanical restraint. The joint remains reliably closed even under thermal cycling, even if the pane expands or shrinks.

[0034] This is especially true for plastic glass, which has a high coefficient of expansion. Depending on the nature of the reveal, the bonding effect can be achieved by adhesion or by means of an adhesive, e.g., an adhesive film coated with adhesive on both sides. The U-profile 37 itself can also be coated with an adhesive on the contact edge, which only adheres after removing a protective film after the pane has been installed. Other variants include incorporating a magnetic strip into the U-profile 37, which then adheres to the steel. The adhesive effect—whether through adhesive or magnets—stabilizes the pane and prevents warping, bulging, or arching.

[0035] In particular, the tightness at floor level and at the vertical edges has the following structural advantages: When the sun shines, the cavity between the inner pane 20 and the outer glazing 10 heats up. Trapped humidity is absorbed by the warming air and, as a result of expansion, is expelled from the cavity, preferably through leaks in the area of ​​the upper edge of the pane. If the cavity cools down after sunset, dehumidified, cooler air remains trapped in the cavity below. A pool of cold air forms. If the construction were open at the bottom, the cooling air would flow out to the interior and warmer interior air would be drawn in from above, which in turn continually introduces more moisture into the cavity and produces condensate. The idea of ​​firmly attaching the panes at the bottom and sealing them at the bottom and sides can prevent the undesirable siphon effect.

[0036] The expanded inventive concept thus comprises a combined solution of the static securing of the pane 20 by means of the innovative fixing device and a related possibility of creating a sealing system or enabling controlled ventilation of the cavity by means of the horizontal and vertical U-shaped edge profiles.

[0037] The use of plastic glass, e.g., made of PMMA, PC, or PS, is particularly advantageous for the inner pane 20, as plastic is a poorer heat conductor than glass and retains heat better. The weight of the inner pane can also be reduced. To protect against scratches, the plastic pane should be laminated on both sides with a layer of glass.

[0038] Glass lamination of plastic panes has the disadvantage that if the panes bend or bulge when clamped using frame profiles according to the state of the art, the glass layers can develop micro-fractures that lead to blindness of the panes. The innovative device prevents this by keeping the cavity between the inner pane 20 and the outer glazing 10 always relaxed. There is no pressure buildup in the cavity, which could lead to bulging of the panes. The excess pressure when the cavity heats up is released through openings or permissible leaks in the area of ​​the upper or front edges of the blind head rail.

[0039] However, it is also possible to design the inner pane 20 - as shown in Fig. 6 - as insulating glass consisting of 2 or 3 panes, wherein the U-shaped profile 19 either extends over the entire pane composite or at least the upper edge of the pane is designed as a step, so that the U-profile 19 extends over only a single pane.

[0040] The cavity heats up due to solar radiation, and the inner pane 20 is heated by the heat radiation from the outer glazing 10. This, in turn, leads to undesirable heat radiation from the inner pane into the cooler interior.

[0041] To counteract these undesirable radiation effects, the innovative device, shown in Fig. 7, provides a spacer bar 31 between the blind head rail 26 and the leg 17. This bar also serves to support the motor cables 33, the coupling connectors, and, in particular, the cooling pipes 32. The spacer bar 31 is positioned at a lower level and, among other things, forms a condensate collection channel. This condensate collection channel enables highly efficient cooling: the coolant in the cooling pipe can be cooled to such an extent that condensate forms on the pipe casing, increasing the heat transfer coefficient a at the coolant-carrying pipe 32. Heat is also dissipated from the interior glazing 20 via the glass holding device. At the same time, the blind head rail and the motor 38 in the head rail 26 are cooled. A convection circuit is created within the cavity, with the warm air 34 only rising on the inside of the outer glazing 10.The cold air drop 36 at the interior glazing 20 can be intensified by perforating the spacer bar 31, allowing cold air to sink into the cavity. Since the aluminum structure 12 also heats up and becomes a radiator in the summer, the innovation provides for the installation of an insulator 35 on the inside. The inner pane 20 or the edge protection profile abuts the insulator 35, thus reducing the g-value of the entire facade.

[0042] For example, an air-conducting nozzle can protrude from below into cavity 9, which flushes in dry air and creates a cold air lake that cools the windows, so that the secondary heat radiation to the interior is suppressed.

[0043] Blown-in cold air heats up, rises, and, due to the tight, vertical joints, can only escape upwards into the interior. It cools again on the actively cooled device and then falls down on the interior side of the inner pane, thus supporting the cooling of the facade. In addition, rising warm air can also be extracted at the top by a suction nozzle extending from above into the cavity. This innovation allows for conditioning of the space between the panes.

[0044] In winter, blowing in dried warm air can prevent condensation from forming on the inner pane of exterior glazing. This is particularly advantageous for single-pane exterior facades.

[0045] The innovative idea of ​​controlling the temperature of the facade cavity to free the interior from external heat load or prevent cooling via the facade represents an extremely economical climate control concept for new buildings and renovations. It eliminates the need to cool or heat the interior air through air exchange, but rather only requires the minimal air volume of the facade cavity. This saves duct capacity and the power required for air exchange in the interior.

[0046] The concept of building cooling via the facade requires highly efficient solar shading, which uses reflective mirrors to reflect incoming solar radiation back to the exterior, so that the cavity heats up only through minimal absorption by the mirror. Depending on the supply air temperature, negative g-values ​​can be achieved, meaning more energy is dissipated than is radiated in from the outside. The inner pane then becomes the cooling surface for the interior.

[0047] As an additional thermal insulation measure and to protect against condensation, an additional pane of glass can be installed on the inside of the exterior glazing. This pane must be tightly connected to the outer pane via spacers, similar to insulating glazing, to ensure water vapor diffusion. Since this second, double-layered pane, facing the interior, is warmer than the outer pane, the risk of condensation on it is reduced.

[0048] The device is a highly innovative component with multifunctionality:

[0049] - Protection against tilting of the panes

[0050] - Easier installation of the inner pane

[0051] Easy accessibility of the facade cavity.

[0052] The device

[0053] - also serves as a cover,

[0054] - serves as a cable duct and heat sink,

[0055] - serves as a cooling pipe support.

[0056] The circumferential U-shaped rubber seals allow the pane to be sealed into the facade frame without stress and enable the conditioning of the air volume enclosed in the cavity.

[0057] Fig. 9 shows the facade from Fig. 7, but with a photovoltaic pane 39. This preferably consists of laminated glass with two semiconductor layers in the center of the laminated glass. Semiconductor layer 40 receives radiation from the outside. Semiconductor layer 41 receives reflected radiation from the light-directing blind 46.

[0058] The semiconductor layers 40, 41 are, for example, cadmium telluride (CdTe) on an electrically conductive layer, whereby the layers are partially removed after sputtering, resulting in excellent transparency and light transparency at the same time.

[0059] The intelligence of the system lies in the fact that the light transmitted through the pane 39 is recuperatively recovered at the slats and redirected to the inside or to the semiconductor layer 41 oriented towards the interior.

[0060] Since the CdTe coating increases energy yield at higher temperatures, it is particularly advantageous to position it within the cavity. This power output of the CdTe modules increases by 15% with a temperature increase from 30°C to 70°C. The innovation takes advantage of this effect, with the CdTe-coated module pane positioned in front of the light-directing blind on the outside of the blind.

[0061] The innovative device also allows the cavity to reach higher temperatures, as the inner pane forms a largely enclosed air volume thanks to its all-round seal. The photovoltaic pane creates a second air cushion for the outer glazing at higher temperatures without thermally overloading the interior.

[0062] 5

Claims

Patent claims Claim 1 Securing device for fixing a pane (20) in front of or behind an external glazing (10) to create an easily accessible, protected cavity (9) and for installing a sun protection device (27, 46) with a static or rear-ventilated air cushion, characterized in that - the pane (20) is firmly seated at the bottom and an elongated profile (19) shaped in a U-contour or U-shaped individual elements (19) are placed over the upper front edge of the pane in a height-adjustable manner and that the profile (19) or individual elements (19) serve as a glass holder for the inner pane by - a hook profile contour with a downwardly bent leg (18) is located on the U-shaped, elongated profile (19) or on U-shaped individual elements (19) and - within the cavity (9) there is a stationary hook profile contour with an upwardly folded leg (17) which is arranged in such a way that - by lowering the U-shaped, elongated profile (19) or the U-shaped individual elements (19), the legs (17, 18) are interlocked so that - the inner pane (20) can be fixed in a vertical position by means of the hooking and is secured against tilting and that - easy accessibility of the cavity is ensured by lifting and unhooking the elongated profile (19) formed in a U-contour or U-shaped individual elements (19) from the hooking (17, 18). Claim 2 Securing device for fixing a pane according to claim 1, characterized in that a fixed angle on at least one side of the head rail with an upwardly folded leg (18) is an integral part of a blind head profile (26), so that the pane can be secured against tilting by means of the device via the blind head rail (26). Claim 3 Securing device for fixing a pane according to claim 2, characterized in that the stationary upwardly folded leg (17) is a spacer eg (31) on the blind head rail (26) of at least 25mm and this serves as a support for cables (33), plugs or pipes (32) and that the spacer bar serves as a condensate collecting channel or is provided with openings for air flow. Claim 4 Securing device for fixing a pane (20) according to claim 1, characterized in that a U-profile (37) is slipped over at least the lower end edge of the pane (20), which U-profile is preferably made of rubber or a rubber-like material in the manner of an edge protection profile and in which the pane (20) is supported, so that the pane can be fixed to the floor by means of the edge protection profile by friction and / or adhesive and at the same time the lower horizontal joint is sealed against air flow. Claim 5 Securing device for fixing a pane (20) according to claim 1, characterized in that glass edge protection profiles (37) with a U-shaped contour are slipped over the lateral, vertical end edges of the pane (20), said profiles preferably being made of rubber or rubber-like material and, in the installed state, being displaceable or slidable on the reveals in such a way that the joints between the pane (20) and the reveal can be closed by pressing the U-profiles in the direction of the reveal. Claim 6 Securing device for fixing a pane (20) according to claim 4, characterized in that at least the vertical, slipped-over U-shaped glass edge protection profiles (37) are provided with an adhesive effect to the reveals on their contact surfaces with the reveal, so that the joints remain closed in the event of thermal dimensional changes of the inner pane (20), even if dimensional changes of the panes are caused by changing temperatures, and that the dimensional changes can be slidably absorbed in a gap (b) within the slipped-over glass edge profiles (37). Claim 7 Securing device for fixing a pane (20) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the U-shaped glass edge Protective profiles are connected to a frame by means of adhesive or magnetic effects or by means of a toothing in order to stiffen the panes at the edges in such a way that they cannot become warped or warped. Claim 8 Securing device for fixing a pane (20) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pane (20) consists of an insulating glazing with two or more panes and that the U-shaped profile (19) is placed over one or more panes. Claim 9 Securing device for fixing a pane (20) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pane (20) consists of a composite pane made of glass and plastic. Claim 10 Securing device for fixing a pane (20) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cavity (9) is actively flushed with dry and / or cooled or heated air, wherein at least one supply air nozzle projects into the cavity (9) and inflowing air either escapes diffusely via joints from the air cushion (9) due to excess pressure and / or can be sucked off via a suction nozzle. Claim 11 Securing device for fixing a pane (20) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a transparent photovoltaic module (39) active on both sides is installed in the cavity in front of the sun protection.

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