Resource management method and apparatus for unlicensed multiple access in wireless communication system

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a 5G or 6G communication system for supporting data transmission rates higher than that of a 4G communication system such as LTE. A method of a base station in a wireless communication system, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, comprises the steps of: generating a channel environment model and channel environment identification information; transmitting, to a terminal, a first message including information about a method for generating the channel environment identification information; on the basis of the method for generating the channel environment identification information, receiving, from the terminal, a second message including channel state information and the channel environment identification information corresponding to the channel state information; and performing resource scheduling for a multi-user group on the basis of the channel state information and the channel environment identification information corresponding to the channel state information.

Description

Resource management method and device for unauthorized multiple access in a wireless communication system

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for unlicensed multiple access in a wireless communication system.

[0002] Looking back at the evolution of wireless communication over successive generations, technologies have primarily been developed for human-facing services such as voice, multimedia, and data. With the commercialization of 5G (5th-generation) communication systems, an explosive increase in connected devices is expected to be connected to communication networks. Examples of networked objects include vehicles, robots, drones, home appliances, displays, smart sensors installed in various infrastructures, construction equipment, and factory equipment. Mobile devices are expected to evolve into diverse form factors, including augmented reality glasses, virtual reality headsets, and holographic devices. In the 6th-generation (6G) era, efforts are being made to develop improved 6G communication systems to connect hundreds of billions of devices and objects and provide diverse services. For this reason, 6G communication systems are often referred to as "beyond 5G."

[0003] The 6G communication system, expected to be realized around 2030, will have a maximum transmission speed of terabytes per second (i.e., 1,000 gigabits per second) and a wireless latency of 100 microseconds (μsec). In other words, compared to 5G, the transmission speed in a 6G communication system will be 50 times faster, while the wireless latency will be reduced to one-tenth.

[0004] To achieve these high data rates and ultra-low latency, 6G communication systems are being considered for implementation in the terahertz band (e.g., from 95 gigahertz (GHz) to 3 terahertz (THz)). Compared to the millimeter wave (mmWave) band introduced in 5G, the terahertz band is expected to experience more severe path loss and atmospheric absorption, making it more crucial to ensure signal reach, or coverage, in this band. Key technologies to ensure coverage include radio frequency (RF) components, antennas, new waveforms that offer better coverage than OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing), beamforming, and multiple antenna transmission technologies such as massive multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO), full-dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antennas, and large-scale antennas. In addition, new technologies such as metamaterial-based lenses and antennas, high-dimensional spatial multiplexing using orbital angular momentum (OAM), and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) are being discussed to improve the coverage of terahertz band signals.

[0005] In addition, in order to improve frequency efficiency and system network, 6G communication systems are developing full duplex technology that utilizes the same frequency resources at the same time for uplink and downlink; network technology that integrates satellites and high-altitude platform stations (HAPS); network structure innovation technology that supports mobile base stations and enables optimization and automation of network operation; dynamic spectrum sharing technology through collision avoidance based on spectrum usage prediction; AI-based communication technology that utilizes artificial intelligence (AI) from the design stage and internalizes end-to-end AI support functions to realize system optimization; and next-generation distributed computing technology that realizes services with complexity that exceeds the limits of terminal computing capabilities by utilizing ultra-high-performance communication and computing resources (mobile edge computing (MEC), cloud, etc.). In addition, efforts are being made to further strengthen connectivity between devices, further optimize networks, promote softwareization of network entities, and increase the openness of wireless communications through the design of new protocols to be used in 6G communication systems, the implementation of hardware-based security environments, the development of mechanisms for the safe use of data, and the development of technologies for maintaining privacy.

[0006] Research and development of these 6G communication systems are expected to enable a new level of hyper-connected experience through the hyper-connectivity of 6G communication systems, which encompass not only connections between things but also connections between people and things. Specifically, 6G communication systems are expected to enable services such as truly immersive extended reality (Truly Immersive XR), high-fidelity mobile holograms, and digital replicas. Furthermore, services such as remote surgery, industrial automation, and emergency response, which are provided through enhanced security and reliability, will find application in diverse fields such as industry, healthcare, automotive, and home appliances.

[0007] Mission-critical services expected in 6G, such as VR / AR, autonomous vehicles, artificial intelligence Internet of Things, smart factories, healthcare, and public safety, are expected to have more stringent and diverse service performance requirements for communication services than existing 5G mobile communications. In these services, the high-reliability, low-latency conditions are expected to be higher than the packet error rate of 10 in existing 5G ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC). -5 And the delay time of the wireless section was 1ms (5-10ms between end-to-end), but in 6G URLLC, the error rate was 10 -7And it is expected that it will have to support up to 100us (1ms or less of end-to-end delay) in the wireless section. In addition, it is expected that support will be required even for traffic patterns that occur aperiodic or event-driven for many mission-critical services, or even sporadic traffic patterns. In addition, if these services must support large-capacity services such as high-resolution video information from multiple terminals or robots or high degree-of-freedom (DoF) haptic information, the user experience speed is expected to increase by about 10 times compared to 5G, and to this end, it is expected that the number of MIMO (multi-input multi-output) layers will increase by about 5-10 times in the wireless section.

[0008] The present disclosure provides a resource management method and device, including resource scheduling and quality of service (QoS) allocation, in grant-free multiple access (GFMA) to support high reliability, low latency, large capacity, and aperiodic / random traffic patterns in uplink in a wireless communication system.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a method of a base station in a wireless communication system includes the steps of: generating a channel environment model and channel environment identification information; transmitting a first message including information on a method for generating the channel environment identification information to a terminal; receiving a second message including channel state information and the channel environment identification information corresponding to the channel state information based on the method for generating the channel environment identification information from the terminal; and performing resource scheduling for a multi-user group based on the channel state information and the channel environment identification information corresponding to the channel state information.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a method of a terminal in a wireless communication system includes the steps of: receiving a first message including information on a method for generating channel environment identification information from a base station; measuring a channel state based on the method for generating the channel environment identification information; and transmitting a second message including channel state information and the channel environment identification information corresponding to the channel state information to the base station; wherein the method is used to perform resource scheduling for a multi-user group based on the channel state information and the channel environment identification information corresponding to the channel state information.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in a wireless communication system, a base station includes a transceiver; and at least one processor; wherein the at least one processor is configured to generate a channel environment model and channel environment identification information, transmit a first message including information on a method for generating the channel environment identification information to a terminal, receive a second message including channel state information and the channel environment identification information corresponding to the channel state information based on the method for generating the channel environment identification information from the terminal, and perform resource scheduling for a multi-user group based on the channel state information and the channel environment identification information corresponding to the channel state information.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in a wireless communication system, a terminal includes a transceiver; and at least one processor; wherein the at least one processor is configured to receive a first message including information on a method for generating channel environment identification information from a base station, measure a channel state based on the method for generating the channel environment identification information, and transmit a second message including channel state information and the channel environment identification information corresponding to the channel state information to the base station, and is used to perform resource scheduling for a multi-user group based on the channel state information and the channel environment identification information corresponding to the channel state information.

[0013] By providing a resource management method and device for unauthorized multiple access in the present disclosure, it is possible to efficiently guarantee various QoS having high reliability, low delay, large capacity, and aperiodic / random traffic patterns suitable for various multi-user and multi-input / output channel environments.

[0014] Figure 1a is a flowchart illustrating a resource scheduling method in permission-based multiple access.

[0015] Figure 1b is a flowchart illustrating a method for creating a resource management policy based on QoS (quality of service) of RIC (RAN (radio access network) intelligent controller).

[0016] Figure 2 is a diagram explaining the delay time in permission-based multiple access.

[0017] FIG. 3 is a drawing illustrating a resource scheduling method for unauthorized multiple access according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for generating a resource management policy based on QoS (quality of service) of RIC according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] FIG. 5 is a drawing illustrating a resource scheduling method for unauthorized multiple access according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method for generating a resource management policy based on QoS (quality of service) of RIC according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] FIGS. 7a and 7b are flowcharts illustrating a resource scheduling method in case of unauthorized multiple access and a resource management policy generation method based on RIC's QoS (quality of service) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 8 is a structural diagram showing the structure of a terminal according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] FIG. 9 is a structural diagram illustrating the structure of a base station according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] The operating principles of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings. In the following description of the present disclosure, detailed descriptions of related known functions or configurations will be omitted if they are deemed to unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present disclosure. Furthermore, the terms described below are defined based on the functions of the present disclosure and may vary depending on the intent or custom of the user or operator. Therefore, their definitions should be based on the overall content of this specification.

[0025] For the same reason, some components in the attached drawings are omitted or schematically depicted. Furthermore, the dimensions of each component do not entirely reflect its actual size. Identical or corresponding components in each drawing are assigned the same reference numbers.

[0026] The advantages and features of the present disclosure, and methods for achieving them, will become clearer with reference to the embodiments described below in detail with the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below and may be implemented in various different forms. The various embodiments are provided to ensure that the present disclosure is complete and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art, and the present disclosure is defined solely by the scope of the claims. Like reference numerals designate like elements throughout the specification.

[0027] At this time, it will be understood that each block of the processing flow diagrams and combinations of the flow diagrams can be performed by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be installed in a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing equipment, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing equipment create a means for performing the functions described in the flow diagram block(s). These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-available or computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to implement the functions in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-available or computer-readable memory can also produce a manufactured item that includes an instruction means for performing the functions described in the flow diagram block(s). Since the computer program instructions may be installed on a computer or other programmable data processing device, a series of operational steps may be performed on the computer or other programmable data processing device to create a computer-executable process, and the instructions that cause the computer or other programmable data processing device to perform the steps for performing the functions described in the flowchart block(s) may also provide steps for performing the functions described in the flowchart block(s).

[0028] Additionally, each block may represent a module, segment, or portion of code that contains one or more executable instructions for performing a specific logical function(s). It should also be noted that in some alternative implementation examples, the functions described in the blocks may occur out of order. For example, two blocks depicted in succession may actually be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on their respective functions.

[0029] The term "~unit" used in various embodiments of the present disclosure refers to a software or hardware component, and the "~unit" performs certain roles. However, the "~unit" is not limited to software or hardware. The "~unit" may be configured to reside on an addressable storage medium and may be configured to regenerate one or more processors. Thus, as an example, the "~unit" includes components such as software components, object-oriented software components, class components, and task components, processes, functions, attributes, procedures, subroutines, segments of program code, drivers, firmware, microcode, circuits, data, databases, data structures, tables, arrays, and variables. The functionality provided within the components and "~units" may be combined into a smaller number of components and "~units" or further separated into additional components and "~units." In addition, the components and "~units" may be implemented to regenerate one or more CPUs within a device or a secure multimedia card. Additionally, in various embodiments of the present disclosure, '~bu' may include one or more processors.

[0030] In this disclosure, phrases such as "A and / or B", "A or B", "at least one of A and B", "at least one of A or B", "A, B, or C", "at least one of A, B, and C", and "at least one of A, B, or C" can each include any one of the items listed together in that phrase, or all possible combinations thereof. Terms such as "first", "second", or "first" or "second" may be used merely to distinguish the corresponding component from other corresponding components and do not limit the corresponding components in any other respect (e.g., importance or order).

[0031] In embodiments of the present disclosure, a user equipment (UE) may be a terminal, a mobile station (MS), a cellular phone, a smartphone, a computer, or any other electronic device capable of performing a communication function. In addition, a base station (BS) is a network entity that performs resource allocation to a UE, and may be at least one of a Node B, an eNB (eNode B), a gNB (gNode B), a wireless access unit, a base station controller, or a node on a network.

[0032] Furthermore, the various embodiments of the present disclosure described below may be applied to other communication systems having similar technical backgrounds or channel configurations. Furthermore, the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to other communication systems with some modifications, as determined by a person skilled in the art, without significantly departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0033] In specifically describing various embodiments of the present disclosure, the communication system may utilize a wireless communication system, and for example, may utilize a 5G communication system based on the 5G communication standard (NR (New RAN)) proposed by 3GPP (3rd generation partnership project long term evolution), a wireless communication standard standardization organization. In addition, it may be applied to other communication systems with similar technical backgrounds with slight modifications within a range that does not significantly deviate from the scope of the present disclosure, and this may be possible at the discretion of a person skilled in the technical field of the present disclosure. For the convenience of the following description, some terms and names defined in the 3GPP standard may be used. However, the present disclosure is not limited by the above terms and names, and may be equally applied to systems conforming to other standards.

[0034] Figure 1a is a flowchart illustrating a resource scheduling method in permission-based multiple access.

[0035] To support high reliability, low latency, large capacity, and aperiodic / random traffic patterns in the uplink, grant-based multiple access (GBMA) is used in multiple access methods.

[0036] Referring to FIG. 1A, after the UE (100) (or terminal) and the gNB (110) (or base station) complete the RRC Connection Setup procedure in step 130, when data to be transmitted to the terminal (100) occurs in step 131, the terminal (100) can make a scheduling request to the base station (110) in step 133. In this case, the terminal (100) can request allocation of uplink communication resources. In step 135, the base station (110) can efficiently allocate communication resources through dynamic scheduling and notify the terminals (100) by transmitting a scheduling grant to the terminals in step 137. In step 139, the terminals can initiate uplink data transmission after this request-grant step is completed.

[0037] In step 130 of FIG. 1a, packet data unit (PDU) session configuration and data radio bear (DRB) mapping for the corresponding QoS flows are performed according to the QoS (quality-of-service) flows requested by the terminals (100), and RRC connection setup is completed. Thereafter, when a packet randomly arrives at the terminals (100), the terminals (100) must transmit a scheduling request (SR) to the base station (110) and receive a scheduling grant to enable data transmission. The base station (110) can perform dynamic scheduling that guarantees QoS by collecting random SRs of multiple terminals and immediate channel information of the terminals.

[0038] Figure 1b is a flowchart illustrating a method for creating a resource management policy based on QoS (quality of service) of RIC (RAN (radio access network) intelligent controller).

[0039] FIG. 1b illustrates that, when the GBMA illustrated in FIG. 1a is supported in an Open-RAN (radio-access network) architecture, a Non-RT / Near-RT RIC (RAN intelligent controller) that monitors RAN performance and generates RAN policies is applied as a type of network orchestrator. The RIC can generate RAN slicing and cell-free / disaggregated base station radio resource management policies by utilizing data-based AI / ML. Therefore, by providing QoS-based radio resource management policies to base stations through data collected for base stations for which RIC subscriptions have been completed, it can help perform DRB Mapping and dynamic scheduling for QoS flows at each base station.

[0040] In step 140, the gNB (110) (or base station) may perform an RIC subscription procedure to the RIC (120). In step 143, the RIC (120) may perform QoS-based RRM initial policy creation. In step 145, the RIC (120) may transmit a QoS-based RRM policy control message to the base station (110). In step 147, the base station (110) may transmit a QoS-based RRM policy control Acknowledge message to the RIC (120). In step 149, the base station (110) may map the QoS flow to the DRB and perform dynamic scheduling.

[0041] Figure 2 is a diagram explaining the delay time in permission-based multiple access.

[0042] In Permission-Based Multiple Access (GBMA), the request-grant phase must be completed within the strict latency requirements of the communication service. Because this request-grant phase accounts for the overhead of the latency, inefficiencies increase significantly as latency requirements become shorter. If the latency falls below the minimum required for the request-grant phase, the service becomes unavailable.

[0043] Referring to Fig. 2, there is a Tx proc. delay (220) from when a packet arrives at a terminal until a scheduling request is made to the base station. In addition, after the scheduling permission procedure (230) and data transmission (240), there is an Rx proc. delay (250) until the packet is received (260).

[0044] Specifically, the delay time overhead caused by the protocol in the wireless section can be expressed in proportion to the transmission time interval (TTI), and is composed of alignment delay, granting delay, propagation delay, and decoding delay. In the case of the most common 4-way handshaking, a total of 7 TTI overhead occurs before data transmission, 5 TTI in the case of 2-way handshaking, and 3 TTI in the case of the grant-free method. At this time, the TTI is determined by the subframe structure of the physical layer. Assuming a short TTI configuration that can be expected in 6G, for example, 62.5 us when 7 OFDM (orthogonal-frequency division multiplex) symbols with 120 kHz subcarrier spacing constitute one mini-slot TTI, or 17.86 us when 2 OFDM symbols constitute one TTI, and the delay time requirement of the radio section is 0.5 ms and 0.1 ms, the overhead is as follows. GBMA is very inefficient or data transmission within the delay time condition becomes impossible.

[0045] - 0.5ms delay time condition and 62.50μs TTI

[0046] GFMA: 37.50%, 2-way GBMA: 62.5%, 4-way GBMA: 87.5% (inefficient)

[0047] - 0.1ms delay time condition and 17.86μs TTI

[0048] GFMA: 53.58%, 2-way GBMA: 89.3%, 4-way GBMA: 125% (not applicable)

[0049] Furthermore, for efficient dynamic scheduling at every moment in GBMA, acquisition of multi-user MIMO channel information from multiple terminals is necessary, but efficient acquisition of channel state information (CSI) is difficult. If terminals dynamically acquire CSI for each packet generated, the sounding reference signal (SRS) transmission and reception and channel estimation calculations must be completed within the target delay time, similar to the scheduling overhead problem described above. Furthermore, if a method of continuously acquiring CSI regardless of packet generation is applied, unnecessary overhead will continue to occur excessively.

[0050] This disclosure proposes grant-free multiple access (GFMA), which addresses the following three technical challenges. GFMA allocates resources to terminals through pre-configured scheduling (CS) at the base station, and terminals initiate uplink data transmission using pre-allocated resources as soon as data is generated. This eliminates the request-grant phase, thereby addressing the limitations of grant-based multiple access (GBMA) under the strict service delay constraints. The following three requirements are required for stable operation of GFMA.

[0051] 1) Prediction of required resources according to MU-MIMO channel joint distribution

[0052] In GFMA, pre-configured scheduling (CS) prior to the arrival of arbitrary packets to UEs requires multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) channel information for users requiring resource allocation. However, GFMA omits both the request-grant phase and immediate CSI reporting, so base stations cannot access instantaneous channel information at all times. Instead, they must estimate the required resource volume based on the joint distribution of MU-MIMO channels for all users. However, UEs can only observe a portion of the overall channel, the marginal distribution. However, if observation time is insufficient due to UE mobility or other factors, only a subset of the marginal distribution's features can be observed. Furthermore, the upper mid-band, a new frequency range designed to accommodate more base station antennas, can have diverse channel distributions, unlike the existing sub-6GHz or millimeter-wave bands. Therefore, a new model for inter-user correlation and joint distribution needs to be defined. Therefore, a prediction of required resource volume based on the MU-MIMO channel joint distribution is necessary.

[0053] 2) Scheduling optimized for X-MIMO channels in the Upper Mid-Band

[0054] In the case of applying X-MIMO (extreme-MIMO) channels in the upper mid-band band, which is expected to be newly utilized in millimeter-band or 6G mobile communication systems in relation to GFMA, the existing scheduling algorithm needs to be extended to take into account spatial correlation, line of sight (LoS) channel elements, and non-Gaussian characteristics.

[0055] 3) Performance differences sensitive to the granularity of classifying QoS in DRB mapping occur.

[0056] Unlike the dynamic scheduling in GBMA, GFMA's CS (configured scheduling) performs DRB mapping for QoS flows before packets arrive at the terminal and allocates resources to each DRB. Therefore, how QoS flows are mapped to DRBs can significantly affect communication system performance. Depending on the granularity of QoS classification, in the case of an excessively coarse-grained scheme, the most stringent QoS combination within each DRB must be guaranteed to all QoS flows, which inefficiently increases bandwidth requirements. On the other hand, in the case of an excessively fine-grained scheme, more management is required to ensure quality, and since too few QoS flows are assigned to each DRB, statistical multiplexing efficiency decreases, which also inefficiently increases bandwidth requirements. Therefore, it is essential to optimize QoS flow classification and DRB mapping at the base station.

[0057] Accordingly, the present disclosure proposes the following three procedures as a method for stably operating unlicensed multiple access (GFMA).

[0058] Step 1: Acquire channel information based on digital twins and RF profiles.

[0059] Step 2: Configured Scheduling (CS) suitable for X-MIMO channels

[0060] Step 3: Generating an RIC policy for optimal DRB mapping through CS candidate evaluation.

[0061] FIG. 3 is a drawing illustrating a resource scheduling method for unauthorized multiple access according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] FIG. 3 is a diagram explaining the first and second procedures, and is about resource scheduling suitable for an X-MIMO channel after obtaining channel information based on a digital twin and RF profile.

[0063] In relation to the first procedure in the present disclosure, the gNB (310) (or base station) builds a digital twin of the surrounding channel environment, and the RIC continuously manages it. The UE (300) (or terminal) collects statistical channel information, which may include the mean, variance, and high-order momentum distribution characteristics of marginal channel distributions that the terminal (300) can observe from its surroundings, based on a RF (radio frequency) profile defined by location, speed, frequency, etc. that can indicate environmental characteristics in connection with the digital twin of the channel environment, based on machine learning. When the terminal (300) provides statistical channel information based on the RF profile to the base station (310), the base station (310) / RIC (320) can infer the joint distribution or statistical characteristics of the multi-user channel based on the digital twin.

[0064] In the present disclosure, with respect to the second procedure, allocation of radio resources such as frequency, pilot, and power control in GFMA is performed according to scheduling groups forming MU-MIMO. Accordingly, the base station (310) first generates a candidate group of possible scheduling groups for efficient radio resource allocation, infers the statistical characteristics of the MU-MIMO channel for each candidate group, and allocates optimal resources so that all users within the group can satisfy the required QoS flow according to the statistical characteristics of the channel.

[0065] The specific procedure reflecting this is as shown in Figure 3.

[0066] In step 331, the terminal (300) and the base station (310) can perform an RRC Connection setup procedure.

[0067] At step 333, the base station (310) and the RIC (320) can perform a RIC subscription procedure.

[0068] In step 335, the terminal (300) can process the RF profile and derive statistical channel state information (CSI) characteristics based thereon.

[0069] In step 337, the terminal (300) reports the RF profile and CSI characteristics to the base station (310), and in step 339, the base station (310) transmits this to the RCI (320), so that the terminal can report the RF profile and CSI characteristics.

[0070] In step 341, the base station (310) can store the RF profile and CSI characteristics received from the terminal (300).

[0071] Thereafter, at step 343, the base station (310) may request a CSI model from the RIC (320).

[0072] At step 345, the RIC (320) may transmit a CSI inference model to the base station (310).

[0073] In step 350, the base station (310) may perform configured scheduling. The configured scheduling may include determining user grouping candidates in step 351, inferring MU-MIMO channel state information (CSI) in step 353, and performing scheduling optimization in step 355.

[0074] Thereafter, at step 360, the base station (310) can transmit to the terminal (300) a configured grant, i.e., information about scheduled resource allocation.

[0075] Afterwards, when a packet arrives at the terminal (300) in steps 370 and 380, the terminal (300) can transmit data to the base station (310) in steps 375 and 385.

[0076] FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for generating a resource management policy based on QoS (quality of service) of RIC according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0077] Figure 4 is a drawing explaining the third procedure, which is about generating a RIC policy for optimal DRB mapping through CS candidate evaluation.

[0078] In relation to the third procedure in the present disclosure, the RIC (420) periodically collects measurement information related to network performance from base stations (410) for which registration (or subscription) has been completed, processes or learns such data to generate a radio resource management policy that can be utilized by the base stations (410), and provides the same to the base stations (410). In the present disclosure, the CS (configured scheduling) of GFMA can perform a performance evaluation by generating a candidate group in advance when the base station (410) receives the initial radio resource management policy from the RIC (420), thereby enabling the step of receiving a result report on the radio resource management policy from the RIC (420) and requesting a policy modification.

[0079] In particular, for QoS flows with high reliability, low latency, large capacity, and aperiodic / random traffic patterns targeted in the present disclosure, the amount of resources required by the base station varies significantly depending on the QoS classification and DRB mapping, so precise optimization is required. If the QoS classification is too coarse-grained, the required resources to guarantee the strictest QoS combination within the corresponding DRB increase, and if it is too fine-grained, too few QoS flows are allocated to the corresponding DRB, reducing statistical multiplexing efficiency. Accordingly, the RIC (420) generates a modified radio resource management policy based on the CS candidate performance evaluation and policy modification request of the base station (410) and provides the policy to the base station, and the base station performs DRB mapping and CS for the QoS flows based on the modified policy.

[0080] The specific procedure reflecting this is as shown in Figure 4.

[0081] In step 431, the base station (410) and the RIC (420) can perform the RIC subscription procedure of the base station.

[0082] At step 433, the RIC (420) may generate a QoS-based RRM initial policy.

[0083] At step 435, the RIC (420) may transmit a QoS-based RRM initial policy to the base station (410).

[0084] In step 437, the base station (410) may perform candidate evaluation of scheduling configured per QoS flow mapped to the DRB based on the QoS-based RRM initial policy.

[0085] In step 439, the base station (410) may request the RIC (420) for a DRP mapping policy of the QoS flow and report the candidate evaluation results.

[0086] At step 441, RIC (420) can generate a DRP mapping policy of QoS flow.

[0087] In step 443, the RIC (420) can transmit the DRP mapping policy of the QoS flow to the base station (410).

[0088] At step 445, the base station (410) may transmit an acknowledgement of the DRP mapping policy of the QoS flow to the RIC (420).

[0089] At step 447, the base station (410) can map the QoS flow to the DRB and perform configured scheduling.

[0090] FIG. 5 is a drawing illustrating a resource scheduling method for unauthorized multiple access according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0091] FIG. 5 relates to the operations of a user terminal (500) and a base station (510) among the procedures illustrated in FIG. 3, and is about scheduling based on channel information inference based on an RF profile. In one embodiment, the base station (510) may utilize digital twin technology for channel information inference.

[0092] In step 530, the base station (510) may generate a channel environment model and identification information. In one embodiment, the base station (510) may build a digital twin to model the surrounding channel environment, identify the statistical distribution characteristics of each channel according to each channel environment through channel simulation in the digital twin, and assign channel environment identification information to each zone by dividing the zones into which channel characteristics are distinguished.

[0093] In step 535, the base station (510) may transmit a method for generating channel environment identification information to the user terminal (500). In one embodiment, the base station (510) may transmit a method for generating channel environment identification information to the user terminal (500) regarding which channel environment the user terminal (500) belongs to and which channel environment identification information can be expressed based on RF profile information that the user terminal (500) can measure on its own, such as location, speed, and frequency.

[0094] In step 540, the user terminal (500) may perform channel measurement according to the channel environment identification information based on the channel environment identification information generation method. In one embodiment, the user terminal (500) may periodically measure and store the channel through a downlink signal received from the base station (510) by distinguishing the surrounding channels according to the RF profile, and may provide the base station (510) with the channel's average, variance, high-order momentum, or statistical characteristic information extracted based on machine learning according to the RF profile.

[0095] In step 545, the user terminal (500) can transmit channel measurement information and channel environment identification information to the base station (510).

[0096] In step 550, the base station (510) can generate a random multi-user group candidate for configured scheduling (CS) based on statistical channel characteristic information according to received channel environment identification information, infer a multi-user channel for each group, and perform scheduling based on channel inference.

[0097] In one embodiment, the base station (510) can derive the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) that can be guaranteed to each user in the scheduling group by utilizing statistical channel information inferred for each scheduling group, using the following formulas. In one embodiment, users in the scheduling group transmit a pilot signal for user detection and channel estimation and a data signal for data transmission together, which can be modeled as having lengths of pilot and data as NL and L and powers as x and y, respectively. In this case, the lower bound of the SINR of user k is when the user group size is K and the multi-user channel follows the correlated Rayleigh distribution, the correlation matrix of the channel of user k is and the correlation matrix of the estimated channel is If so, it can be obtained as in mathematical equation 1 below.

[0098] [Mathematical Formula 1]

[0099]

[0100] If the SINR above is maximized for the user with the lowest performance within the group, the pilot and data power of user j is obtained by the following mathematical expression 2, and is the energy per subchannel and long-term channel pathloss of the user with the lowest performance.

[0101] [Equation 2]

[0102]

[0103] According to the power optimization of multiple users within the above scheduling group, the frequency efficiency that can be commonly guaranteed to users within the scheduling group is determined by the following mathematical formula 3.

[0104] [Equation 3]

[0105]

[0106] In one embodiment, the base station (510) can evaluate efficiency by performing CS for scheduling group candidates that minimizes the total resource requirement through resource allocation in a maxmin manner for each scheduling group for all users according to the common frequency efficiency per scheduling group above. In one embodiment, the base station (510) can select and perform CS with the most optimal resource efficiency and transmit a configured grant (CG) that allocates radio resources to the user terminal.

[0107] After the user terminal receives the CG, it can transmit data in the uplink through the allocated radio resources as soon as any packet arrives.

[0108] The base station can detect whether users have transmitted data through the allocated radio resources at each subframe arrival cycle and demodulate the received data.

[0109] FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method for generating a resource management policy based on QoS (quality of service) of RIC according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0110] FIG. 6 is related to the procedure illustrated in FIG. 4, and is a procedure for generating a RIC policy of optimal DRB mapping through CS candidate evaluation.

[0111] In steps 630 to 645, a wireless network orchestrator (or a RIC acting as a wireless network orchestrator) (620) may periodically collect user traffic characteristic information and channel (wireless environment) characteristic information of at least one base station (610), generate base station policies, and provide them to each base station. In steps 630 and 635, the base station (610) may collect and provide to the RIC (620) statistical data traffic characteristics, service requirements, and long-term channel characteristics of user terminals operated by the base station (610).

[0112] In step 640, the RIC (620) can generate a radio resource management policy (or base station policy) for the base stations by processing data collected at multiple points in time from multiple base stations or utilizing machine learning.

[0113] At step 645, the RIC (620) may provide the base station policy to the base station (610).

[0114] In step 650, the base station (610) may collect real-time user traffic characteristic information and real-time wireless environment characteristic information from the terminal. In one embodiment, the base station (610) may create a multi-user scheduling group and predict scheduling performance based on the collected real-time user traffic information and channel information. In one embodiment, the base station may perform radio resource management based on the provided radio resource policy. However, in one embodiment, the base station (610) may utilize user traffic characteristic information being serviced and channel characteristic information provided in real time from the surrounding channel environment of the base station while maintaining an RRC connection setup in real time. In one embodiment, the base station (610) may perform a configured scheduling (CS) when generating combinations of multi-user groups based on the collected (real-time) user traffic characteristic information and (real-time) channel characteristic information. That is, the base station (610) may calculate and predict the amount of radio resources required to satisfy the requirements of users' communication services by performing efficient multi-user scheduling. In one embodiment, the base station (610) can evaluate the performance of the above-configured scheduling (CS). Accordingly, the base station (610) can evaluate the performance of the radio resource management policy provided by the RIC (620).

[0115] In step 660, the base station (610) may provide at least one of (real-time) user traffic characteristic information, (real-time) channel characteristic information, or scheduling information to the RIC (620), and may request modification of the provided radio resource management policy, if necessary.

[0116] In step 665, RIC (620) can generate a modified base station policy for each base station based on the information received in step 660.

[0117] At step 670, the RIC (620) may provide a modified base station policy for each base station to the base station (610). The radio management policy provided by the RIC may include DRB mapping for QoS flows.

[0118] In the above steps 665 and 670, in the case of QoS flows having high reliability, low delay, large capacity, and aperiodic / random traffic patterns to be supported by the present disclosure, the QoS flows can be mathematically expressed as a 4-tuple such as (ε, τ, b, a) by modeling them with reliability ε, delay time τ, burst size b, and packet generation model a, so that DRB mapping for QoS flows is identical to the classification or clustering problem for the above 4-tuple. The RIC (620) can perform optimal QoS classification from a common and long-term perspective by collecting data from multiple time points of multiple base stations (610) in step 660.

[0119] In one embodiment, the RIC (620) can optimize the radio resource management policy based on the supplementary information provided by each base station (610) to derive the optimal policy that can be applied when each specific base station operates radio resources in real time. Unlike eMBB or mMTC, in cases such as URLLC where strict service requirements must be met immediately every time, the importance of improving radio resource efficiency by considering both real-time user information and scheduling performance increases. Accordingly, the information that the base station (610) can provide to the RIC (620) in the step 665 above may include, in one embodiment, at least one of: a) real-time operating user traffic information or channel environment information, b) information evaluating the scheduling performance for QoS classification or virtual QoS classification candidates included in the initial radio resource management policy, or c) metric or function information that can calculate the scheduling performance such as b) in conjunction with the real-time information of a), and the RIC (620) can receive this information from the base station and generate a modified (optimized) radio resource management policy.

[0120] In step 675, the base station (610) can apply the modified base station policy received from the RIC (620) in step 670. That is, the base station (610) can receive and apply the modified radio resource management policy from the RIC to perform DRB mapping and scheduling of QoS flows.

[0121] FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a resource scheduling method in case of unauthorized multiple access and a resource management policy generation method based on RIC's QoS (quality of service) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0122] Figure 7 illustrates a flowchart of a process in which the operation methods of Figures 3 and 4 described above are combined. That is, it illustrates an operation in which the first, second, and third procedures mentioned above are combined.

[0123] In step 731, the terminal (700) and the base station (710) can perform an RRC Connection setup procedure.

[0124] At step 733, the base station (710) and the RIC (720) can perform a RIC subscription procedure.

[0125] In step 735, the terminal (700) can process the RF profile and derive statistical channel state information (CSI) characteristics based thereon.

[0126] In step 737, the terminal (700) reports the RF profile and CSI characteristics to the base station (710), and in step 739, the base station (710) can store the RF profile and CSI characteristics received from the terminal (700).

[0127] At step 741, the RIC (720) may generate a QoS-based RRM initial policy.

[0128] At step 743, the RIC (720) may transmit a QoS-based RRM initial policy to the base station (710).

[0129] In step 745, the base station (710) may perform candidate evaluation of scheduling configured per QoS flow mapped to the DRB based on the QoS-based RRM initial policy.

[0130] In step 750, the base station (310) may perform configured scheduling. The configured scheduling may include determining user grouping candidates in step 751, inferring MU-MIMO channel state information (CSI) in step 753, and performing scheduling optimization in step 755.

[0131] In step 761, the base station (710) may request the DRP mapping policy of the QoS flow to the RIC (720) and report the candidate evaluation results.

[0132] At step 763, RIC (720) may generate a DRP mapping policy of the QoS flow.

[0133] At step 765, the RIC (720) may transmit the DRP mapping policy of the QoS flow to the base station (710).

[0134] At step 767, the base station (710) may transmit an acknowledgement of the DRP mapping policy of the QoS flow to the RIC (720).

[0135] At step 769, the base station (710) may transmit to the terminal (700) a configured grant, i.e., information about scheduled resource allocation.

[0136] Afterwards, when a packet arrives at the terminal (700) in steps 770 and 780, the terminal (700) can transmit data to the base station (710) in steps 775 and 785.

[0137] Figure 8 is a structural diagram illustrating the structure of a base station according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0138] A base station according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include a control unit (830) that controls the overall operation of the base station, a transceiver unit (810) including a transmitter and a receiver, and a memory (820). Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above example, and the base station may include more or fewer components than those illustrated in FIG. 8. The control unit (830) may include at least one processor.

[0139] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the transceiver (810) can transmit and receive signals with network entities or each network node and terminal, including a base station. The signals transmitted and received with the network entities can include control information and data. In addition, the transceiver (810) can receive signals via a wireless channel and output them to the processor (830), and transmit the signals output from the control unit (830) via the wireless channel.

[0140] At least one processor included in the control unit (830) of the base station according to one embodiment of the present disclosure can generate a channel environment model and channel environment identification information. The at least one processor can control to transmit a first message including information on a method for generating the channel environment identification information to a terminal. The at least one processor can control to receive a second message including channel state information and channel environment identification information corresponding to the channel state information based on the method for generating the channel environment identification information from the terminal. The at least one processor can perform resource scheduling for a multi-user group based on the channel state information and the channel environment identification information corresponding to the channel state information.

[0141] In one embodiment, at least one processor may infer a channel state for the multi-user group based on the channel environment model, and perform resource scheduling for the multi-user group based on the inferred channel state. The at least one processor may receive base station policy information from a wireless network orchestrator, and perform resource scheduling for the multi-user group based on the inferred channel state. In one embodiment, the at least one processor may generate a multi-user scheduling group based on real-time user traffic information and channel information, and predict performance of the resource scheduling. In one embodiment, the at least one processor may transmit the real-time user traffic information and information about the resource scheduling to the wireless network orchestrator, and request modified base station policy information. The at least one processor may receive the modified base station policy information from the wireless network orchestrator.

[0142] In one embodiment, the channel environment model and the channel environment identification information may be characterized as being related to a digital twin. In one embodiment, information regarding a method for generating the channel environment identification information may include information regarding identification information indicating the channel environment of the channel to be measured by the terminal. In one embodiment, at least one processor may control the transmission of a third message including information regarding the resource scheduling to the terminal.

[0143] Figure 9 is a structural diagram illustrating the structure of a terminal according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0144] A terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include a control unit (930) that controls the overall operation of a network entity, a transceiver unit (910) including a transmitter and a receiver, and a memory (920). Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above example, and the terminal may include more or fewer components than those illustrated in FIG. 9. The control unit (930) may include at least one processor.

[0145] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the transceiver (910) can transmit and receive signals with network entities, other network nodes including base stations, or other terminals. The transmitted and received signals may include control information and data. In addition, the transceiver (910) can receive signals via a wireless channel, output them to the control unit (930), and transmit the signals output from the control unit (930) via the wireless channel.

[0146] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, at least one processor included in the control unit (930) of the terminal can control receiving a first message including information on a method for generating channel environment identification information from a base station. The at least one processor can measure a channel state based on the method for generating the channel environment identification information. The at least one processor can control transmitting a second message including channel state information and channel environment identification information corresponding to the channel state information to the base station. The at least one processor can be used to perform resource scheduling for a multi-user group based on the channel state information and the channel environment identification information corresponding to the channel state information.

[0147] In one embodiment, the resource scheduling may be performed based on an inferred channel state for the multi-user group. In one embodiment, the channel state may be inferred based on the channel environment model. In one embodiment, the resource scheduling may be performed based on base station policy information received from a wireless network orchestrator. In one embodiment, the channel environment model and the channel environment identification information are characterized in that they are related to a digital twin, and information on the method for generating the channel environment identification information may include information on identification information indicating a channel environment of a channel to be measured by the terminal. In one embodiment, at least one processor may control receiving a third message including information on the resource scheduling from the base station.

[0148] In the specific embodiments of the present invention described above, components included in the invention are expressed in the singular or plural form depending on the specific embodiment presented. However, the singular or plural expressions are selected to suit the presented situation for convenience of explanation, and the present invention is not limited to singular or plural components. Even components expressed in the plural form may be composed of singular elements, or even components expressed in the singular form may be composed of plural elements.

[0149] While the detailed description of the present invention has described specific embodiments, it is clear that various modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the described embodiments, but should be defined not only by the scope of the following claims but also by equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. In a method of a base station in a wireless communication system, Step of generating a channel environment model and channel environment identification information; A step of transmitting a first message including information on a method of generating the channel environment identification information to the terminal; A step of receiving a second message including channel state information and channel environment identification information corresponding to the channel state information based on a method of generating the channel environment identification information from the terminal; and A method characterized by comprising: a step of performing resource scheduling for a multi-user group based on the channel state information and the channel environment identification information corresponding to the channel state information.

2. In the first paragraph, the step of performing the resource scheduling for the multi-user group; A step of inferring the channel status for the above multi-user group based on the channel environment model; and A method characterized by comprising: a step of performing resource scheduling for the multi-user group based on the inferred channel status.

3. In paragraph 2, A step of receiving base station policy information from a wireless network orchestrator; and The step of performing the resource scheduling for the above multi-user group; A method characterized by comprising: a step of performing resource scheduling based on the received base station policy information.

4. In the third paragraph, the step of performing the resource scheduling for the multi-user group; A step of generating a multi-user scheduling group based on real-time user traffic information and channel information, and predicting the performance of the resource scheduling; A step of transmitting the real-time user traffic information and the resource scheduling information to the wireless network orchestrator and requesting modified base station policy information; and A method characterized by comprising the step of receiving the modified base station policy information from the wireless network orchestrator.

5. In paragraph 1, The above channel environment model and the above channel environment identification information are characterized by being related to a digital twin, and A method characterized in that information on a method for generating the above channel environment identification information includes information on identification information indicating a channel environment of a channel to be measured by the terminal.

6. In a method of a terminal in a wireless communication system, A step of receiving a first message including information on a method of generating channel environment identification information from a base station; A step of measuring a channel state based on a method of generating the above channel environment identification information; and A step of transmitting a second message including channel state information and channel environment identification information corresponding to the channel state information to the base station; A method characterized in that it is used to perform resource scheduling for a multi-user group based on the channel state information and the channel environment identification information corresponding to the channel state information.

7. In paragraph 6, the resource scheduling is: It is performed based on the inferred channel status for the above multi-user group, A method characterized in that the above channel state is inferred based on the channel environment model.

8. In paragraph 7, the resource scheduling is: It is performed based on base station policy information received from a wireless network orchestrator, The above channel environment model and the above channel environment identification information are characterized by being related to a digital twin, and A method characterized in that the information on the method for generating the above channel environment identification information includes information on identification information indicating the channel environment of the channel to be measured by the terminal.

9. In a base station in a wireless communication system, Transmitter and receiver; and comprising at least one processor; wherein the at least one processor comprises: Generate channel environment models and channel environment identification information; Transmitting a first message to the terminal including information on how to generate the channel environment identification information, Receive a second message including channel state information and channel environment identification information corresponding to the channel state information based on a method of generating the channel environment identification information from the terminal, A base station configured to perform resource scheduling for a multi-user group based on the channel state information and the channel environment identification information corresponding to the channel state information.

10. In the 9th paragraph, at least one processor, Inferring the channel status for the above multi-user group based on the above channel environment model, and A base station characterized in that it is configured to perform resource scheduling for the multi-user group based on the inferred channel state.

11. In the 10th paragraph, at least one processor, Receive base station policy information from the wireless network orchestrator, Generate multi-user scheduling groups based on real-time user traffic information and channel information, and predict the performance of the resource scheduling. Transmitting the real-time user traffic information and the resource scheduling information to the above wireless network orchestrator, and requesting modified base station policy information; Receive the modified base station policy information from the wireless network orchestrator, and A base station characterized by being configured to perform resource scheduling based on the above modified base station policy information.

12. In paragraph 9, The above channel environment model and the above channel environment identification information are characterized by being related to a digital twin, and A base station, characterized in that the information on the method for generating the above channel environment identification information includes information on identification information indicating the channel environment of the channel to be measured by the terminal.

13. In a wireless communication system, at a terminal, Transmitter and receiver; and comprising at least one processor; wherein the at least one processor comprises: Receive a first message including information on a method for generating channel environment identification information from a base station, Measure the channel status based on the method of generating the above channel environment identification information, and configured to transmit to the base station a second message including channel state information and channel environment identification information corresponding to the channel state information, A terminal characterized in that it is used to perform resource scheduling for a multi-user group based on the channel state information and the channel environment identification information corresponding to the channel state information.

14. In the 13th paragraph, the resource scheduling is: It is performed based on the inferred channel status for the above multi-user group, A terminal characterized in that the above channel state is inferred based on the above channel environment model.

15. In paragraph 14, the resource scheduling is: It is performed based on base station policy information received from a wireless network orchestrator, The above channel environment model and the above channel environment identification information are characterized by being related to a digital twin, and A terminal characterized in that the information on the method for generating the above channel environment identification information includes information on identification information indicating the channel environment of the channel to be measured by the terminal.

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