Extrusion device and 3D printer

Abstract

The present application provides an extrusion device and a 3D printer. The extrusion device comprises a speed reduction assembly and an extrusion assembly; the speed reduction assembly comprises an output gear and a speed reduction gear set, and the speed reduction gear set is connected to the output gear; the extrusion assembly comprises a first extrusion gear and a second extrusion gear, a gap allowing for conveying of consumables is configured between the first extrusion gear and the second extrusion gear, and the speed reduction assembly is configured to drive the output gear to rotate by means of the speed reduction gear set, so as to extrude the consumables in a first direction. The speed reduction assembly further comprises a reduction box, an annular inner gear ring is arranged on the inner side wall of the reduction box, the speed reduction gear set comprises a sun gear and N planetary gears surrounding and meshed with the sun gear, and the output gear and the N planetary gears are in transmitting connection by means of a planet carrier.

Description

Extrusion device and 3D printer

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202323142450.8 filed on November 21, 2023, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Technical Field

[0003] The present application belongs to the field of 3D printing technology, and specifically relates to an extrusion device and a 3D printer. Background Art

[0004] 3D printers, also known as three-dimensional printers or stereo printers, are rapid prototyping devices typically employing digital printing technology. In recent years, 3D printing technology has shown promising applications in jewelry, footwear, industrial design, architecture, engineering and construction, automotive, aerospace, dental and medical industries, education, geographic information systems, civil engineering, firearms, and other fields. Printing material is typically fed to the print head through an extruder, so the stability of the extruder's material delivery plays a crucial role in print quality.

[0005] However, traditional extruders are large and heavy, and require high torque from the extruder motor. This results in excessive load on the 3D printing equipment, poor performance, and poor suitability for near-end and ultra-near-end printing. Therefore, developing an extruder with a compact structure, small size, and low extruder motor torque requirements is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present application provides an extrusion device and a 3D printer to solve the problem of how to make the extrusion device compact, small in size, and have low torque requirements for the extrusion motor.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides an extrusion device, including a deceleration component and an extrusion component;

[0008] The reduction assembly includes an output gear and a reduction wheel set, and the reduction wheel set is connected to the output gear;

[0009] The extrusion assembly includes a first extrusion gear and a second extrusion gear, and a gap for feeding consumables is configured between the first extrusion gear and the second extrusion gear;

[0010] Wherein, the deceleration assembly is configured to drive the output gear to rotate through the deceleration wheel set to extrude the consumable material along the first direction.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present application, the reduction assembly further comprises a reduction box, an inner side wall of the reduction box is provided with an annular inner gear ring, and the reduction wheel set is meshed with the annular inner gear ring;

[0012] The reduction gear set includes a sun gear and N planetary gears meshing around the sun gear, wherein the N planetary gears mesh with the annular inner gear on a side away from the sun gear; wherein N ≥ 2;

[0013] The output gear and the N planetary gears are connected via a planetary carrier.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present application, a first bearing is provided at one end of the planet carrier close to the output gear, and the output gear is transmission-connected to the planet carrier via the first bearing;

[0015] One end of the planet carrier close to the planet gears is provided with N second bearings matching the number of the planet gears, and the N planet gears are transmission-connected to the planet carrier through the second bearings at corresponding positions.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present application, it further includes an adjustment bracket and an elastic member for adjusting the gap formed by the first extrusion gear and the second extrusion gear;

[0017] The adjusting bracket is provided with a first rotating rod, and the first rotating rod is provided through the second extrusion gear so that the second extrusion gear can be rotatably installed inside the adjusting bracket;

[0018] An adjustment column is extended from one end of the adjustment bracket close to the elastic member, so that one end of the elastic member is sleeved on the outer side wall of the adjustment column, and the other end of the elastic member is in contact with the deceleration assembly. The gap is adjusted by adjusting the inclination of the adjustment bracket.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present application, it further includes a consumables detection assembly for detecting the extrusion status of the consumables, wherein the consumables detection assembly includes a detection bracket mounted above the first extrusion gear and the second extrusion gear;

[0020] The detection bracket is provided with a feeding channel for entering the consumables, and a detection channel arranged obliquely relative to the feeding channel. A detection push rod is provided inside the detection channel, one end of the detection push rod is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the detection bracket, and the other end of the detection push rod extends along the detection channel to the bottom of the feeding channel and blocks part of the feeding channel;

[0021] A cavity is provided in the detection channel for the detection push rod to rotate relative to the inner side wall of the detection bracket. A photoelectric sensing mechanism is provided in the detection bracket corresponding to the moving trajectory of the detection push rod. When the consumables pass through the feeding channel, the detection push rod is pushed to rotate, so that the detection push rod moves along the moving trajectory to block the photoelectric sensing mechanism.

[0022] As a further improvement of the present application, the photoelectric sensing mechanism includes a photoelectric emitter and a photoelectric receiver, two sensing plates are provided in the detection bracket corresponding to the moving track of the detection push rod, and the photoelectric emitter and the photoelectric receiver are correspondingly provided on the two sensing plates;

[0023] A baffle is provided at one end of the detection push rod close to the sensing plate. When the consumables pass through the feeding channel, the detection push rod is pushed to rotate so that the baffle enters the sensing area formed between the two sensing plates to block the light between the photoelectric emitter and the photoelectric receiver.

[0024] As a further improvement of the present application, the detection push rod is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the detection bracket through a torsion spring, and the torsion spring includes a spring body and extension rods provided at both ends of the spring body;

[0025] The detection push rod is provided with a protruding block for the spring body to be sleeved. The extension rod at one end passes through the detection bracket and is clamped on the outer side wall of the detection bracket. The extension rod at the other end is clamped on the outer side wall of the detection push rod.

[0026] As a further improvement of the present application, the present invention further comprises a material guide member clamped on the consumable material detection assembly, wherein the material guide member is provided with a material guide through hole for the consumable material to pass through;

[0027] The consumable detection assembly and the material guide are detachably mounted above the two extrusion gears, so that the consumable enters the feed channel from the material guide through hole and then enters the consumable inlet, and is extruded from the consumable outlet after passing through the gap formed between the two extrusion gears.

[0028] As a further improvement of the present application, the first extrusion gear and the second extrusion gear each include an active extrusion gear and a floating extrusion gear connected to the active extrusion gear, and the radius of the floating extrusion gear is smaller than the radius of the active extrusion gear;

[0029] The first extrusion gear is meshed with the output gear through an active extrusion gear, and is meshed with the active extrusion gear of the second extrusion gear;

[0030] The tooth profiles of the floating extrusion gears are all concave arc-shaped, so that a gap for the consumables to pass through is formed between the first extrusion gear and the second extrusion gear.

[0031] The present application also provides a 3D printer, comprising any of the extrusion devices described above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0033] FIG1 is a three-dimensional assembly diagram of an extrusion device provided by one or more embodiments of the present application;

[0034] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of an extrusion device provided by one or more embodiments of the present application;

[0035] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of an adjustment bracket in an extrusion device provided in one or more embodiments of the present application;

[0036] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a gap in an extrusion device provided by one or more embodiments of the present application;

[0037] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of an elastic member in an extrusion device provided by one or more embodiments of the present application;

[0038] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of an annular inner gear ring in an extrusion device provided in one or more embodiments of the present application;

[0039] FIG7 is a three-dimensional assembly diagram of a deceleration assembly in an extrusion device according to one or more embodiments of the present application;

[0040] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of an output gear in an extrusion device provided by one or more embodiments of the present application;

[0041] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a consumables detection assembly in an extrusion device provided by one or more embodiments of the present application;

[0042] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection push rod in an extrusion device provided by one or more embodiments of the present application;

[0043] FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of a photoelectric sensing mechanism in an extrusion device provided in one or more embodiments of the present application.

[0044] Explanation of Reference Numerals: 10 - consumable housing; 20 - reduction assembly; 21 - output gear; 22 - reduction gearbox; 221 - annular inner ring gear; 222 - adjustment hole; 23 - sun gear; 24 - planetary gears; 25 - planet carrier; 251 - first bearing; 252 - second bearing; 30 - first extrusion gear; 31 - clearance; 32 - active extrusion gear; 33 - floating extrusion gear; 34 - second extrusion gear; 40 - adjustment bracket; 41 - elastic member; 42 - first rotating rod; 43 - adjustment column; 50-consumable material detection component; 51-detection bracket; 52-feeding channel; 54-detection push rod; 541-shielding plate; 542-protruding block; 55-photoelectric sensing mechanism; 553-sensing plate; 56-torsion spring; 561-spring body; 562-extension rod; 60-material guide; 61-material guide hole; 70-driving component; 71-driving motor; 72-driving plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application more clearly understood, this application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0046] In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined. All directional indications in the embodiments of this application (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship and movement of the components under a specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0047] To provide a more detailed and complete description of the present disclosure, the following provides illustrative descriptions of the embodiments and examples of the present application; however, these descriptions are not intended to be the only ways to implement or use the embodiments of the present application. The embodiments cover features of various embodiments, as well as the method steps and sequences for constructing and operating these embodiments. However, other embodiments may also be used to achieve the same or equivalent functionality and step sequences.

[0048] Please refer to Figures 1 to 11. In order to solve the problem in the prior art of how to make the extrusion device compact, small in size, and have low torque requirements for the extrusion motor, an embodiment of the present application provides an extrusion device and a 3D printer. Please refer to Figure 1, which is a three-dimensional assembly diagram of the extrusion device provided in the embodiment of the present application. The extrusion device includes a reduction assembly 20 and an extrusion assembly. The reduction assembly 20 specifically includes an output gear 21 and a reduction wheel group. The extrusion assembly includes a first extrusion gear 30 and a second extrusion gear 34; specifically, the above-mentioned reduction wheel group is connected to the output gear 21, and the output gear 21 is meshed with the first extrusion gear 30. A gap 31 for conveying consumables is provided between the first extrusion gear 30 and the second extrusion gear 34. The reduction assembly 20 is configured to drive the output gear 21 to rotate through the reduction wheel group to extrude the consumables along the first direction.

[0049] The present application achieves deceleration of the drive assembly 70 by setting a deceleration assembly 20, reduces the output speed of the drive assembly 70 and increases the lifting torque, thereby improving the stability of the extrusion device outputting consumables; wherein the output gear 21 of the deceleration assembly 20 is meshedly connected with the first extrusion gear 30, and a gap 31 for consumables to be transported is formed between the first extrusion gear 30 and the second extrusion gear 34, so that the first extrusion gear 30 is indirectly driven to rotate by driving the output gear 21 to rotate, so that the consumables are extruded along the first direction after passing through the gap 31 formed between the first extrusion gear 30 and the second extrusion gear 34.

[0050] It should be noted that, please refer to Figure 4, which is a structural diagram of the gap 31 in the extrusion device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Taking the first extrusion gear 30 and the second extrusion gear 34 in the direction shown in Figure 4 as an example, when the first extrusion gear 30 is driven to rotate counterclockwise, the consumable is extruded from top to bottom to realize the feeding of the consumable. When the first extrusion gear 30 is driven to rotate clockwise, the consumable is extruded from bottom to top to realize the withdrawal of the consumable, thereby realizing the feeding and withdrawal of the consumable. Of course, the relative distance of the gap 31 can also be manually adjusted, and then the manual withdrawal of the consumable can be realized by extracting the consumable from bottom to top. The above methods are all feasible.

[0051] As an optional embodiment, the first extrusion gear 30 and the second extrusion gear 34 provided in the present application both include an active extrusion gear 32 and a floating extrusion gear 33 connected to the active extrusion gear 32. The active extrusion gear 32 of the first extrusion gear 30 is meshed with the output gear 21 of the reduction assembly 20 to achieve the rotation of the first extrusion gear 30 through the output gear 21. Since a gap 31 for the consumable to pass through is formed between the first extrusion gear 30 and the second extrusion gear 34, the consumable will also drive the second extrusion gear 34 to rotate during the extrusion process.

[0052] Further, please refer to Figure 7, which is a three-dimensional assembly diagram of the deceleration component 20 in the extrusion device provided in an embodiment of the present application. It can be observed that the tooth profile of the floating extrusion gear 33 provided in the present application is preferably set to an inward-concave arc structure. Therefore, based on the inward-concave arc tooth profile, the active extrusion gear 32 of the first extrusion gear 30 and the second extrusion gear 34 can also be meshed and connected, and a gap 31 for the consumable to pass through is formed between the floating extrusion gear 33 of the first extrusion gear 30 and the second extrusion gear 34.

[0053] At this time, since the active extrusion gear 32 of the first extrusion gear 30 and the second extrusion gear 34 are engaged with each other, there will be a gap 31 for the consumable to pass through between the floating extrusion gear 33 which is arranged on the active extrusion gear 32 and has a radius smaller than the active extrusion gear 32, so that the consumable can pass through the gap 31. At the same time, the concave arc structure can better press the consumable during the extrusion process of the consumable, increase the extrusion friction of the extrusion device, avoid the consumable from shaking during the extrusion process, and improve the stability of the consumable extrusion during the printing process.

[0054] It should be noted that, in the first extrusion gear 30 and the second extrusion gear 34 provided in the present application, at least the first extrusion gear 30 needs to be meshed with the output gear 21. At this time, the first extrusion gear 30 meshed with the output gear 21 acts as a driving gear to drive the second extrusion gear 34 to rotate during the extrusion of the consumables, thereby completing the conveying of the consumables; and the first extrusion gear 30 and the second extrusion gear 34 can be set to be meshed with each other, so that the consumables pass through the gap 31 between the floating extrusion gears 33, or they can be non-meshed and connected, so that the consumables pass through the gap 31 between the first extrusion gear 30 and the second extrusion gear 34. During the extrusion process, the consumables will also drive the second extrusion gear 34 to rotate. The above methods can realize the conveying of consumables, so the present application does not further limit the specific meshing method between the first extrusion gear 30 and the second extrusion gear 34.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 6, which is a structural schematic diagram of the annular inner gear ring 221 in the extrusion device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The reduction assembly 20 provided in the present application is used to reduce the output speed of the drive assembly 70 and increase the output torque, wherein the reduction assembly 20 also includes a reduction box 22 and a sun gear 23 mounted inside the reduction box 22, and N planetary gears 24 are also arranged between the inner side wall of the reduction box 22 and the sun gear 23.

[0056] Specifically, the reduction gear set provided in the present application includes a sun gear 23 and N planetary gears 24 arranged around the sun gear 23. It can be observed that the inner wall of the reduction box 22 is provided with an annular internal gear 221 that meshes with the above-mentioned planetary gears 24. The N planetary gears 24 are arranged around the sun gear 23, and one side of the N planetary gears 24 is meshed with the outer wall of the sun gear 24, and the other side is meshed with the annular internal gear 221 opened on the inner wall of the detection box 22, thereby realizing the installation of the sun gear 23 and several planetary gears 24 inside the reduction box 22.

[0057] It should be noted that the number N of planetary gears 24 provided in this application is ≥ 2. By arranging N planetary gears 24 between the sun gear 24 and the annular internal gear 221, and connecting the output gear 21 and the N planetary gears 24 through the planetary carrier 25, the first deceleration of the drive motor 71 is achieved; in a specific embodiment provided in the application, please refer to 6. This application arranges three planetary gears 24 between the sun gear 24 and the annular internal gear 221, and the three planetary gears 24 are evenly arranged around the outer wall of the sun gear 24 at intervals of 120°. Of course, setting other numbers of planetary gears 24 can also achieve deceleration of the drive motor 71, as long as the number of planetary gears 24 is greater than or equal to 2. This application does not impose any further restrictions on the specific number of planetary gears 24.

[0058] Furthermore, it is preferred that the output gear 21 meshing with the first extrusion gear 30 and the plurality of planetary gears 24 are transmission-connected via a planetary carrier 25. Continuing with reference to FIG7 , it can be observed that the planetary carrier 25 is provided with a first bearing 251 at one end close to the output gear 21, and the output gear 21 is transmission-connected to the planetary carrier 25 via the first bearing 251. The planetary carrier 25 is provided with a plurality of second bearings 252 equal in number to the number of planetary gears 24 at one end close to the planetary gears 24, so that the plurality of planetary gears 24 are transmission-connected to the planetary carrier 25 via the second bearings 252 at corresponding positions.

[0059] In a specific embodiment provided in the present application, please refer to Figure 2, which is a structural schematic diagram of the extrusion device provided in the embodiment of the present application. The present application is provided with a drive assembly 70 to provide power for the deceleration assembly 20. The drive assembly 70 includes a drive motor 71 for driving the output gear 21 to rotate, and a drive plate 72 for controlling the driving state of the drive motor 71. The forward and reverse rotation of the drive motor 71 drives the first extrusion gear 30 to rotate counterclockwise or clockwise, thereby realizing the feeding or withdrawing of consumables.

[0060] Specifically, the drive shaft of the drive motor 71 is connected to the sun gear 23 mounted inside the reduction gear box 22. The sun gear 23 is driven to rotate by the drive motor 71, which further drives the rotation of several planetary gears 24 arranged around the sun gear 23, and the driving force of the drive motor 71 is equally divided among the several planetary gears 24 to avoid wear of a single planetary gear 24 under long-term use. The several planetary gears 24 further drive the planetary carrier 25 and the output gear 21 connected to the planetary carrier 25 to rotate, thereby performing the first deceleration of the drive motor 71 through the reduction assembly 20, and then achieving the second deceleration of the drive motor 71 through the first extrusion gear 30 meshing with the output gear 21, further reducing the torque requirement of the drive motor 71 and improving the output conversion efficiency of the drive motor 71.

[0061] As an optional embodiment, please refer to Figure 3, which is a structural schematic diagram of the adjustment bracket 40 in the extrusion device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The present application is also provided with an adjustment bracket 40 and an elastic member 41 for adjusting the gap 31 formed between the first extrusion gear 30 and the second extrusion gear 34 to avoid the preset gap 31 not matching the size of the extruded consumables, thereby preventing the material from running or breaking. The consumables can also be manually returned by adjusting the relative distance of the gap 31.

[0062] Please refer to Figure 5, which is a structural schematic diagram of the elastic member 41 in the extrusion device provided in an embodiment of the present application. A first rotating rod 42 is provided inside the adjusting bracket 40 so that the second extrusion gear 34 can be rotatably installed inside the adjusting bracket 40. It should be noted that the shape and setting position of the adjusting bracket 40 should not affect the relative position relationship between the first extrusion gear 30 and the second extrusion gear 34. The above-mentioned elastic member 41 is preferably configured in the form of a spring. It can be observed that an adjusting column 43 extends toward the direction of the elastic member 41 from one end of the adjusting bracket 40 close to the elastic member 41. By sleeved one end of the elastic member 41 on the outer side wall of the adjusting column 43, the other end of the elastic member 41 is abutted against the reduction box 22 of the reduction assembly 20, and the gap 31 can be adjusted by adjusting the inclination of the adjusting bracket 40 to better realize the feeding and withdrawing of consumables.

[0063] In a specific embodiment provided in the present application, please continue to refer to Figure 5. The present application provides an adjustment hole 222 on the side of the reduction gear 22 close to the elastic member 41. One end of the above-mentioned elastic member 41 is sleeved on the outer wall of the adjustment column 43, and the other end of the elastic member 41 is passed through the adjustment hole 222 and abutted against the reduction gear 22 of the reduction assembly 20. By adjusting the adjustment bracket 40 counterclockwise, the two extrusion gears 30 can be brought close to each other, which is convenient for the extrusion of consumables. By adjusting the adjustment bracket 40 clockwise, the two extrusion gears 30 can be opened to each other, which is convenient for the return of consumables, or the gap 31 can be adjusted to adapt to consumables with different radial diameters.

[0064] Please further refer to Figure 2. The present application also provides a detachable consumable housing 10 on the outside of the two extrusion gears 30 to protect the internal structure of the extrusion device, increase the service life of the extrusion device, and enhance the compactness of the structure. The present application also provides a second rotating rod 44 for rotating the first extrusion gear 30 on the side of the reduction gear 22 close to the first extrusion gear 30, that is, the first extrusion gear 30 and the second extrusion gear 34 applied by the present application, the second extrusion gear 34 is rotatably mounted inside the adjustment bracket 40 through the first rotating rod 42, and the first extrusion gear 30 is rotatably mounted on the side wall of the reduction gear 22 through the second rotating rod 44 and rotates with the reduction gear 22, thereby making the structure between the reduction gear 22 and the extrusion gear 30 more compact, and reducing the volume of the extrusion device to a certain extent.

[0065] In order to prevent the filament from breaking during the extrusion process and affecting the 3D printing effect, the present application is provided with a filament extrusion assembly 50 for detecting the extrusion of the filament above the first extrusion gear 30 and the second extrusion gear 34. The filament extrusion assembly 50 includes a detection bracket 51 mounted above the first extrusion gear 30 and the second extrusion gear 34. Please refer to Figure 9, which is a structural schematic diagram of the filament detection assembly 50 in the extrusion device provided in an embodiment of the present application. It can be observed that a feed channel 52 for entering the filament is provided through the detection bracket 51, as well as a detection channel (not shown in the figure) which is inclined relative to the feed channel 52. A detection push rod 54 is inclined in the detection channel, and a cavity is correspondingly provided inside the detection channel for the detection push rod 54 to rotate relative to the inner wall of the detection bracket 51.

[0066] Specifically, please refer to Figure 10, which is a structural diagram of the detection push rod 54 in the extrusion device provided in an embodiment of the present application. One end of the detection push rod 54 is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the detection bracket 51, and the other end of the detection push rod 54 extends along the above-mentioned detection channel to the bottom of the feed channel 52 and blocks part of the feed channel 52. Since the end of the detection push rod 54 blocks part of the feed channel, the consumables entering the feed channel 52 will squeeze and push the detection push rod 54, causing the detection push rod 54 to rotate in the direction close to the inner side wall of the detection bracket 51. At the same time, the present application sets a detection bracket 51 at the position corresponding to the moving trajectory of the detection push rod 54. There is a photoelectric sensing mechanism 55. When the consumables enter the feed channel 52, it will push the detection push rod 54 to rotate, causing the detection push rod 54 to rotate and move along the moving trajectory close to the direction of the inner wall of the detection bracket 51, thereby blocking the photoelectric sensing mechanism 55. At this time, the photoelectric sensing mechanism 55 recognizes the blocked state, and it is considered that the extrusion device is feeding normally at the current moment; when the feeding is stopped or the material is cut off, the detection push rod 54 extends to the bottom of the feed channel 52 according to the preset position, and is not pushed by the consumables entering the feed channel 52, and cannot block the photoelectric sensing mechanism 55, then it is considered that the extrusion device is feeding abnormally at the current moment, and corresponding maintenance measures are required.

[0067] As an optional embodiment, the above-mentioned photoelectric sensing mechanism 55 can be set in the form of a photoelectric emitter and a photoelectric receiver. By setting two corresponding sensing plates 553 in the detection bracket 51 to respectively install the above-mentioned photoelectric emitter and photoelectric receiver, the two sensing plates 553 need to be set corresponding to the rotational movement trajectory of the detection push rod 54. When the detection push rod 54 is pushed away by the consumables and enters between the two sensing plates 553, blocking the photoelectric emitters and photoelectric receivers respectively set on the two sensing plates, it is considered that the extrusion device is feeding normally at the current moment. When the detection push rod 54 is not pushed away by the consumables, it will not enter between the two sensing plates 553, nor will it block the photoelectric emitters and photoelectric receivers respectively set on the two sensing plates, it is considered that the extrusion device is feeding abnormally at the current moment.

[0068] Of course, the photoelectric sensing mechanism 55 can also be set as a sensor form of a through-beam laser sensor, a diffuse reflection photoelectric sensor, etc. As long as it can be set between the two sensing plates 553 and identify whether the two sensing plates 553 are blocked by the detection push rod 54, the other photoelectric sensing mechanisms 55 selected are feasible, and this application does not impose further restrictions on this.

[0069] Further, please refer to Figure 11, which is a structural diagram of the photoelectric sensing mechanism 55 in the extrusion device provided in an embodiment of the present application. If the rotation angle of the detection push rod 54 is not sufficient to block the sensing space formed between the two sensing plates 553, a baffle 541 can be provided at the end of the detection push rod 54 close to the sensing plate 553. When the consumable enters the feeding channel 52, the detection push rod 54 is pushed to rotate and move, so that the baffle 541 provided on the push rod 54 enters the sensing area formed between the two sensing plates 553, thereby blocking the photoelectric sensing mechanism 55 provided between the two sensing plates 553, and detecting whether the consumable is fed normally.

[0070] Specifically, the detection push rod 54 can be rotatably connected to the inner wall of the detection bracket 51 through the torsion spring 56, so that the detection push rod 54 can rotate and move under the pushing action of the consumables. It can be observed that the torsion spring 56 includes a spring body 561 and an extension rod 562 arranged at both ends of the spring body 561. The detection push rod 54 is provided with a protrusion block 542 for the spring body 561 to be sleeved. After the spring body 561 is sleeved on the protrusion block 542, the extension rod 562 at one end passes through the detection bracket 51 and is clamped on the outer wall of the detection bracket 51, and the extension rod 562 at the other end is clamped on the outer wall of the detection bracket 51, thereby realizing the rotatable connection of the detection push rod 54 to the detection bracket 51.

[0071] When the consumables enter the feeding channel 52, they will push the detection push rod 54 to rotate and move, so that the shielding plate 541 provided on the detection push rod 54 blocks the photoelectric sensing mechanism 55 provided on the sensing plate 553, thereby realizing the feeding status detection of the consumables.

[0072] Of course, the detection push rod 54 can also be rotatably connected to the inner wall of the detection bracket 51 by other means. The torsion spring 56 in the above example is only an optional implementation. The detection push rod 54 can also be rotatably connected to the inner wall of the detection bracket 51 by means of a hinge, etc. The above are all feasible. This application does not impose further restrictions on the specific connection form between the detection push rod 54 and the detection bracket 51.

[0073] Further, please continue to refer to Figure 10, which also includes a material guide part 60 that is clamped above the consumable detection component 50. The material guide part 60 is provided with a material guide hole 61 for the consumable to pass through. At this time, the consumable entering the extrusion device will first pass through the material guide hole 61 into the feed channel 52, and then be extruded through the gap 31 formed between the two extrusion gears 30, thereby realizing the feeding of the consumable.

[0074] As an optional embodiment, the consumable assembly 50 and the material guide 60 can be mounted as a quick-detachable structure above the first extrusion gear 30 and the second extrusion gear 34. When not in use, the consumable assembly 50 and the material guide 60 can be removed for maintenance, or replaced with other extrusion devices that require consumable testing for testing, which provides high flexibility in use.

[0075] Based on the above-mentioned extrusion device, the present application also provides a 3D printer, including the extrusion device provided by the above-mentioned embodiment, which allows the consumables used in the 3D printing process to enter the feed channel 52 of the consumable detection component 50 through the material guide hole 61 of the material guide member 60 for detection, and then enters the gap 31 formed between the first extrusion gear 30 and the second extrusion gear 34 to be extruded, thereby realizing the output of the consumables to cooperate with the 3D printer to realize the printing operation.

[0076] The extrusion device and 3D printer provided by the embodiments of the present application perform a first deceleration on the drive motor through a deceleration assembly, and then achieve a second deceleration on the drive motor through an extrusion gear meshing with the output gear, thereby reducing the torque requirement of the drive motor and improving the output conversion efficiency of the drive motor. An adjustment bracket is provided to adjust the gap formed between the two extrusion gears. By rotating the adjustment bracket clockwise or counterclockwise, the two extrusion gears can be moved closer to or apart from each other, facilitating the feeding and withdrawing of consumables and improving the conveying stability of the consumables. A consumable extrusion assembly for detecting the extrusion status of the consumables is detachably mounted above the first extrusion gear and the second extrusion gear. The consumables are fed normally by inferring whether the shielding plate provided on the push rod enters the sensing area formed between the two sensing plates and whether it blocks the photoelectric sensing mechanism provided between the two sensing plates. The present application reduces the torque requirement of the drive motor, improves the output torque of the drive motor, can use a smaller drive motor, reduces the volume and weight of the extrusion device, and is suitable for proximal and ultra-proximal 3D printing.

[0077] It can be understood that the various technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the various technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0078] The above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments for illustrating the principles of the present application, but the present application is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit and substance of the present application, and such modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An extrusion device, characterized in that: It includes a reduction component and an extrusion component; The reduction assembly comprises an output gear and a reduction wheel set, and the reduction wheel set is connected to the output gear; The extrusion assembly comprises a first extrusion gear and a second extrusion gear, and a gap for conveying consumables is configured between the first extrusion gear and the second extrusion gear; Wherein, the reduction assembly is configured to drive the output gear to rotate through the reduction wheel set so as to extrude the consumable material along the first direction.

2. An extrusion device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The reduction assembly further comprises a reduction box, an inner side wall of which is provided with an annular inner gear ring, and the reduction wheel set is meshed with the annular inner gear ring; The reduction gear set includes a sun gear and N planetary gears meshing around the sun gear, and the N planetary gears mesh with the annular inner gear ring at a side away from the sun gear; wherein N≥2; The output gear and the N planetary gears are connected via a planet carrier transmission.

3. An extrusion device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: A first bearing is disposed at one end of the planet carrier close to the output gear, and the output gear is transmission-connected to the planet carrier via the first bearing; One end of the planet carrier close to the planet gears is provided with N second bearings matching the number of the planet gears, and the N planet gears are drivingly connected to the planet carrier through the second bearings at corresponding positions.

4. An extrusion device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Also included is an adjustment bracket and an elastic member for adjusting a gap formed by the first extrusion gear and the second extrusion gear; The adjusting bracket is provided with a first rotating rod, and the first rotating rod penetrates the second extruding gear so that the second extruding gear can be rotatably installed inside the adjusting bracket; An adjustment column is extended from one end of the adjustment bracket close to the elastic member, so that one end of the elastic member is sleeved on the outer side wall of the adjustment column, and the other end of the elastic member is in contact with the deceleration assembly. The gap is adjusted by adjusting the inclination of the adjustment bracket.

5. An extrusion device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: An adjustment hole is provided on one side of the reduction box close to the elastic member, one end of the elastic member is sleeved on the outer side wall of the adjustment column, and the other end of the elastic member passes through the adjustment hole and abuts against the reduction box of the reduction assembly.

6. An extrusion device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Also included is a consumables detection assembly for detecting the extrusion status of the consumables, the consumables detection assembly comprising a detection bracket mounted above the first extrusion gear and the second extrusion gear; The detection bracket is provided with a feeding channel for entering consumables, and a detection channel inclined relative to the feeding channel, a detection push rod is provided inside the detection channel, one end of the detection push rod is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the detection bracket, and the other end of the detection push rod extends along the detection channel to the bottom of the feeding channel and blocks part of the feeding channel; The detection channel is provided with a cavity for the detection push rod to rotate relative to the inner side wall of the detection bracket, and the detection bracket is provided with a photoelectric sensing mechanism corresponding to the moving trajectory of the detection push rod. When the consumables pass through the feeding channel, the detection push rod is pushed to rotate, so that the detection push rod moves along the moving trajectory to block the photoelectric sensing mechanism.

7. An extrusion device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The photoelectric sensing mechanism includes a photoelectric transmitter and a photoelectric receiver. Two sensing plates are arranged in the detection bracket corresponding to the moving track of the detection push rod. The photoelectric transmitter and the photoelectric receiver are arranged on the two sensing plates correspondingly. A shielding plate is provided at one end of the detection push rod close to the sensing plate. When the consumables pass through the feeding channel, the detection push rod is pushed to rotate so that the shielding plate enters the sensing area formed between the two sensing plates to shield the light between the photoelectric transmitter and the photoelectric receiver.

8. An extrusion device as claimed in claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The detection push rod is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the detection bracket through a torsion spring, and the torsion spring includes a spring body and extension rods arranged at both ends of the spring body; The detection push rod is provided with a protruding block for the spring body to be sleeved, the extension rod at one end passes through the detection bracket and is clamped on the outer side wall of the detection bracket, and the extension rod at the other end is clamped on the outer side wall of the detection push rod.

9. An extrusion device according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that: It also includes a material guide member clamped on the consumable material detection assembly, wherein the material guide member is provided with a material guide through hole for the consumable material to pass through; The consumable material detection assembly and the material guide member are detachably mounted above the two extrusion gears, so that the consumable material enters the material inlet after entering the material feed channel from the material guide through hole, and is extruded from the consumable material outlet after passing through the gap formed between the two extrusion gears.

10. An extrusion device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The first extrusion gear and the second extrusion gear each include an active extrusion gear and a floating extrusion gear connected to the active extrusion gear, wherein the radius of the floating extrusion gear is smaller than the radius of the active extrusion gear; The first extrusion gear is meshed with the output gear through an active extrusion gear, and is meshed with an active extrusion gear of the second extrusion gear; The tooth profiles of the floating extrusion gears are all in a concave arc shape, so that a gap is formed between the first extrusion gear and the second extrusion gear for the consumables to pass through.

11. A 3D printer, characterized in that: The 3D printer comprises an extrusion device; The extrusion device includes a deceleration component and an extrusion component; The reduction assembly comprises an output gear and a reduction wheel set, and the reduction wheel set is connected to the output gear; The extrusion assembly comprises a first extrusion gear and a second extrusion gear, and a gap for conveying consumables is configured between the first extrusion gear and the second extrusion gear; Wherein, the reduction assembly is configured to drive the output gear to rotate through the reduction wheel set so as to extrude the consumable material along the first direction.

12. A 3D printer as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that: The reduction assembly further comprises a reduction box, an inner side wall of which is provided with an annular inner gear ring, and the reduction wheel set is meshed with the annular inner gear ring; The reduction gear set includes a sun gear and N planetary gears meshing around the sun gear, and the N planetary gears mesh with the annular inner gear ring at a side away from the sun gear; wherein N≥2; The output gear and the N planetary gears are connected via a planet carrier transmission.

13. A 3D printer as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that: A first bearing is disposed at one end of the planet carrier close to the output gear, and the output gear is transmission-connected to the planet carrier via the first bearing; One end of the planet carrier close to the planet gears is provided with N second bearings matching the number of the planet gears, and the N planet gears are drivingly connected to the planet carrier through the second bearings at corresponding positions.

14. A 3D printer according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that: Also included is an adjustment bracket and an elastic member for adjusting a gap formed by the first extrusion gear and the second extrusion gear; The adjusting bracket is provided with a first rotating rod, and the first rotating rod penetrates the second extruding gear so that the second extruding gear can be rotatably installed inside the adjusting bracket; An adjustment column is extended from one end of the adjustment bracket close to the elastic member, so that one end of the elastic member is sleeved on the outer side wall of the adjustment column, and the other end of the elastic member is in contact with the deceleration assembly. The gap is adjusted by adjusting the inclination of the adjustment bracket.

15. A 3D printer as claimed in claim 14, characterized in that: An adjustment hole is provided on one side of the reduction box close to the elastic member, one end of the elastic member is sleeved on the outer side wall of the adjustment column, and the other end of the elastic member passes through the adjustment hole and abuts against the reduction box of the reduction assembly.

16. A 3D printer according to any one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that: Also included is a consumables detection assembly for detecting the extrusion status of the consumables, the consumables detection assembly comprising a detection bracket mounted above the first extrusion gear and the second extrusion gear; The detection bracket is provided with a feeding channel for entering consumables, and a detection channel inclined relative to the feeding channel, a detection push rod is provided inside the detection channel, one end of the detection push rod is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the detection bracket, and the other end of the detection push rod extends along the detection channel to the bottom of the feeding channel and blocks part of the feeding channel; The detection channel is provided with a cavity for the detection push rod to rotate relative to the inner side wall of the detection bracket, and the detection bracket is provided with a photoelectric sensing mechanism corresponding to the moving trajectory of the detection push rod. When the consumables pass through the feeding channel, the detection push rod is pushed to rotate, so that the detection push rod moves along the moving trajectory to block the photoelectric sensing mechanism.

17. A 3D printer as claimed in claim 16, characterized in that: The photoelectric sensing mechanism includes a photoelectric transmitter and a photoelectric receiver. Two sensing plates are arranged in the detection bracket corresponding to the moving track of the detection push rod. The photoelectric transmitter and the photoelectric receiver are arranged on the two sensing plates correspondingly. A shielding plate is provided at one end of the detection push rod close to the sensing plate. When the consumables pass through the feeding channel, the detection push rod is pushed to rotate so that the shielding plate enters the sensing area formed between the two sensing plates to shield the light between the photoelectric transmitter and the photoelectric receiver.

18. A 3D printer as claimed in claim 16 or 17, characterized in that: The detection push rod is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the detection bracket through a torsion spring, and the torsion spring includes a spring body and extension rods arranged at both ends of the spring body; The detection push rod is provided with a protruding block for the spring body to be sleeved, the extension rod at one end passes through the detection bracket and is clamped on the outer side wall of the detection bracket, and the extension rod at the other end is clamped on the outer side wall of the detection push rod.

19. A 3D printer according to any one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that: It also includes a material guide member clamped on the consumable material detection assembly, wherein the material guide member is provided with a material guide through hole for the consumable material to pass through; The consumable material detection assembly and the material guide member are detachably mounted above the two extrusion gears, so that the consumable material enters the material inlet after entering the material feed channel from the material guide through hole, and is extruded from the consumable material outlet after passing through the gap formed between the two extrusion gears.

20. A 3D printer according to any one of claims 11 to 19, characterized in that: The first extrusion gear and the second extrusion gear each include an active extrusion gear and a floating extrusion gear connected to the active extrusion gear, wherein the radius of the floating extrusion gear is smaller than the radius of the active extrusion gear; The first extrusion gear is meshed with the output gear through an active extrusion gear, and is meshed with an active extrusion gear of the second extrusion gear; The tooth profiles of the floating extrusion gears are all in a concave arc shape, so that a gap is formed between the first extrusion gear and the second extrusion gear for the consumables to pass through.

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