Battery derating protection method, electronic device, and storage medium

Abstract

A battery derating protection method and apparatus, and an electronic device and a storage medium. The method comprises: on the basis of in the degradation of the state of health of a battery to be tested, correspondingly adjusting an application stage of the battery (S101); when the battery is in the beginning of life or the middle of life, setting a state-of-charge usage interval to be an initial usage interval (S102); when the battery is converted from the middle of life to the end of life, reducing the state-of-charge usage interval to a limit-shrunk usage interval (S103); when the battery is converted from safety of life to hazard of life, forcibly discharging the battery to a lower limit of the limit-shrunk usage interval (S104); and after the forced discharge is completed, setting the state-of-charge usage interval of the battery to be a single value (S105).

Description

Battery derating protection method, electronic device and storage medium

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on July 31, 2024, with application number 202411048972.8. The entire contents of the above application are incorporated by reference into this application.

[0002] Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of battery control, for example, to a battery derating protection method, electronic equipment and storage medium.

[0004] Background Art

[0005] As batteries age, their performance inevitably degrades. Continuing to use them based on their factory-provided performance specifications will not only accelerate further performance degradation but also pose potential safety risks. Therefore, properly adjusting usage strategies to adapt to changes in battery performance is key to ensuring battery safety and extending its lifespan.

[0006] In the battery industry, a common practice is to derate the battery's performance parameters based on the battery's age, number of cycles, or the mileage of the vehicle it serves.

[0007] Technical issues

[0008] While de-rating battery performance parameters based on age, cycle count, or the mileage of the vehicle they power helps manage battery health to a certain extent, it often lacks scientific consideration of actual battery performance changes and is sometimes even subjective. This subjective de-rating approach can lead to an inappropriate shortening of the battery's actual service life.

[0009] Technical Solutions

[0010] The present application provides a battery derating protection method, electronic device, and storage medium to improve battery safety while ensuring battery life.

[0011] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery derating protection method, comprising:

[0012] During the application of the battery to be tested, the application stage of the battery to be tested is adjusted accordingly according to the decline of the health state of the battery to be tested, wherein, according to the corresponding health state from high to low, the application stage includes the initial stage, the intermediate stage, the end stage, the safe stage and the dangerous stage;

[0013] In response to the battery to be tested being in the initial stage or the intermediate stage, setting the state of charge usage interval of the battery to be tested to an initial usage interval;

[0014] In response to the battery under test transitioning from the intermediate stage to the final stage, narrowing the state of charge usage interval to a reduced usage interval, wherein a range of the reduced usage interval is smaller than a range of the initial usage interval;

[0015] In response to the battery under test transitioning from the safe stage to the dangerous stage, forcibly discharging the battery under test to a lower limit of the reduced usage range;

[0016] After the forced discharge is completed, the state of charge usage range of the battery to be tested is set to a single value, wherein the single value is equal to the lower limit of the reduced usage range.

[0017] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising:

[0018] at least one processor; and

[0019] a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein,

[0020] The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the battery derating protection method described in any embodiment of the present application.

[0021] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a processor to implement the battery derating protection method described in any embodiment of the present application when executed.

[0022] Beneficial effects

[0023] The battery derating protection method, electronic device and storage medium provided in the embodiments of the present application adjust the application stage of the battery to be tested according to the decline in the health state of the battery to be tested during the application process of the battery to be tested. When the battery to be tested is in the initial stage or the intermediate stage, the state of charge usage interval of the battery to be tested is set to the initial usage interval. When the battery to be tested changes from the intermediate stage to the end stage, the state of charge usage interval is reduced to the reduced usage interval. When the battery to be tested changes from the safe stage to the dangerous stage, the battery to be tested is forced to discharge to the lower limit of the reduced usage interval; after the forced discharge is completed, the state of charge usage interval of the battery to be tested is set to a single value, thereby achieving derating protection for the battery. On the one hand, the state of charge derating protection is based on the health state of the battery, is scientific and reasonable, avoids the shortening of the battery life due to unreasonable derating, and extends the battery life. On the other hand, it takes into account the user's use of the battery outside the warranty period, thereby improving the safety of the battery.

[0024] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] FIG1 is a flow chart of a battery derating protection method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] FIG2 is a curve showing the relationship between the charging voltage and the charging capacity of a lithium iron phosphate battery during a charging process provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] FIG3 is a curve showing the relationship between the discharge voltage and the discharge capacity of a lithium iron phosphate battery during a discharge process provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] FIG4 is a curve showing the relationship between the charging voltage and the charging capacity of a lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide battery during a charging process provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG5 is a curve showing the relationship between the discharge voltage and the discharge capacity of a lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide battery during a discharge process provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] FIG6 is a flow chart of a battery derating protection method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a curve showing changes in various parameters of a battery under test during its entire life cycle, provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a battery derating protection device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of another battery derating protection device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG10 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device that can be used to implement an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0036] The terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units and may also include other steps or units not expressly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or apparatuses.

[0037] This application proposes a battery derating protection method, which can be applied to a battery management system of a battery. FIG1 is a flow chart of a battery derating protection method provided by an embodiment of this application. Referring to FIG1 , the battery derating protection method includes:

[0038] S101 . During the application process of the battery to be tested, according to the degradation of the health state of the battery to be tested, the application stage of the battery to be tested is correspondingly adjusted.

[0039] The State of Health (SOH) is a key metric used to describe battery performance and remaining service life. It reflects the battery's current health relative to its initial state and can be determined in real time based on at least one of the battery's internal resistance, capacity, and voltage during use. The method for determining the SOH is a related art and will not be detailed here. The application stage refers to the various sub-stages in the life cycle of the battery under test, where performance varies as it degrades. The application stages are categorized based on the battery's SOH. The application stages include Beginning of Life (BOL), Middle of Life (MOL), End of Life (EOL), Safety of Life (SOL), and Hazard of Life (HOF). Each application stage corresponds to a range of SOH. During the battery's use, the application stage corresponding to the range of the battery's current SOH can be determined as the current SOH of the battery under test.

[0040] For example, the health status of the battery to be tested and its corresponding application stage are shown in Table 1. The health status range corresponding to the initial stage is (90%, 100%]; the health status range corresponding to the intermediate stage is (80%, 90%]; the health status range corresponding to the end stage is (70%, 80%]; the health status range corresponding to the safe stage is (60%, 70%]; the health status range corresponding to the dangerous stage is (0, 60%]; then, when the health status of the battery to be tested drops to 90%, the application stage of the battery to be tested is adjusted from the initial stage to the intermediate stage; when the health status of the battery to be tested drops to 80%, the application stage of the battery to be tested is adjusted from the intermediate stage to the end stage; when the health status of the battery to be tested drops to 70%, the application stage of the battery to be tested is adjusted from the end stage to the healthy stage; when the health status of the battery to be tested drops to 60%, the application stage of the battery to be tested is adjusted from the healthy stage to the healthy stage.

[0041] Table 1. Comparison of the health status of a battery under test and its corresponding application stage and warranty status

[0042]

[0043] S102 : In response to the battery to be tested being in the initial stage or the intermediate stage, setting the state of charge usage interval of the battery to be tested to the initial usage interval.

[0044] The SOC usage range, also known as the SOC usage window, indicates the upper and lower limits of the SOC change of the battery under test during the charge and discharge process. During the use of the battery under test, if the SOC of the battery under test exceeds the SOC usage range, the charging or discharging process is terminated to ensure that the SOC of the battery under test remains within the SOC usage range. The initial usage range refers to the SOC usage range of the battery under test when it leaves the factory, and the initial usage range is [0%, 100%]. When the battery under test is in the initial or intermediate stages, its SOC usage range is set to the initial usage range.

[0045] For example, in some embodiments, the state of charge of the battery under test can be detected in real time during the charging process of the battery under test. Once the state of charge of the battery under test reaches 100%, the battery is determined to be fully charged and charging is interrupted. In other embodiments, the voltage of the battery under test can also be detected in real time during the charging process of the battery under test. Once the voltage of the battery under test reaches the voltage corresponding to the 100% state of charge (the corresponding relationship curve between the state of charge and its corresponding voltage has been determined before shipment), the battery is determined to be fully charged and charging is interrupted.

[0046] S103 : In response to the battery under test transitioning from the intermediate stage to the final stage, narrowing the state of charge usage range to a reduced usage range.

[0047] Among them, the range of the reduced usage interval is smaller than the range of the initial usage interval and is within the range of the initial usage interval. For example, when the initial usage interval is [0%, 100%], the reduced usage interval can be [10%, 90%]. The stage of the battery to be tested changes from the intermediate stage to the end stage, indicating that the health of the battery to be tested has decreased by 20% compared to when it left the factory. At this time, the battery capacity is already much different from that when it left the factory, and overcharging and over-discharging will aggravate the battery life attenuation. At this time, narrowing the usage range of the state of charge so that it follows the changes in health can optimize customer experience and reduce safety risks.

[0048] When re-determining the SOC usage range in steps S102 and S103, not only the corresponding SOC upper and lower limits must be determined, but also the battery voltages corresponding to the corresponding SOC upper and lower limits may be determined. This facilitates the battery control system of the battery under test to control the charge and discharge state of the battery under test according to the battery voltages corresponding to the upper and lower limits of the SOC usage range during subsequent charge and discharge processes. Optionally, the battery voltages corresponding to the upper and lower limits of the reduced usage range and the battery voltages corresponding to the upper and lower limits of the initial usage range may be determined based on a curve showing the relationship between the voltage and charge and discharge capacity of the battery under test during the charge and discharge processes. This curve showing the relationship between the voltage and charge and discharge capacity of the battery under test during the charge and discharge processes may be determined before the battery under test leaves the factory. Here, the charge and discharge capacity refers to the percentage of the charge and discharge capacity to the total capacity, which is equivalent to the SOC. On the one hand, after setting the SOC usage range of the battery under test to the initial usage range in step S102, the battery voltages corresponding to the upper and lower limits of the initial usage range may be determined based on the curve; and further, the charge and discharge state of the battery under test may be controlled based on the battery voltages corresponding to the upper and lower limits of the initial usage range. On the other hand, after the state of charge usage range is narrowed down to the reduced usage range in step S103, the battery voltages corresponding to the upper and lower limits of the reduced usage range can be determined based on the relationship curve; and then the charge and discharge state of the battery to be tested can be controlled based on the battery voltages corresponding to the upper and lower limits of the reduced usage range.

[0049] FIG2 is a curve showing the relationship between the charging voltage and the charging capacity of a lithium iron phosphate battery during a charging process provided by an embodiment of the present application, and FIG3 is a curve showing the relationship between the discharge voltage and the discharge capacity of a lithium iron phosphate battery during a discharging process provided by an embodiment of the present application. In combination with FIG2 and FIG3, when the battery to be tested is a lithium iron phosphate (LFP) battery, according to the curve showing the relationship between the charging voltage and the charging capacity of the lithium iron phosphate battery, it can be determined that the battery voltage is 3.65V when fully charged, and the battery voltage is 3.54V when 90% of the power is charged (as shown by the circled points in FIG2 ). Therefore, when the lithium iron phosphate battery reaches a state of charge (SOC) of 90% during the charging process, the battery voltage is 3.54V, and when it reaches a state of charge (SOC) of 100%, the battery voltage is 3.65V. Therefore, in practical applications, the charging process of the battery at different stages can be terminated and controlled based on these two voltage points. According to the relationship curve between the charging voltage and discharge capacity of the lithium iron phosphate battery, it can be determined that the battery voltage is 2.5V when fully discharged, and the battery voltage is 3.03V when 90% of the power is discharged (as shown by the circled points in Figure 3). Therefore, the battery voltage corresponding to 10% SOC of the lithium iron phosphate battery during the discharge process is 3.03V, and the battery voltage corresponding to 0% SOC is 2.5V. Therefore, in actual applications, the power consumption process of the battery at different stages can be terminated and controlled based on these two voltage points.

[0050] Similar to lithium iron phosphate batteries, Figure 4 is a curve showing the relationship between the charging voltage and charging capacity of a nickel cobalt manganese oxide battery during a charging process provided by an embodiment of the present application, and Figure 5 is a curve showing the relationship between the discharge voltage and discharge capacity of a nickel cobalt manganese oxide battery during a discharging process provided by an embodiment of the present application. Combining Figures 4 and 5, when the battery to be tested is a nickel cobalt manganese oxide (NCM) battery, according to the curve showing the relationship between the charging voltage and charging capacity of the nickel cobalt manganese oxide battery, it can be determined that the battery voltage is 4.3V when fully charged and the battery voltage is 4.24V when 90% of the power is charged (as shown by the circled points in Figure 4). Therefore, the battery voltage corresponding to the nickel cobalt manganese oxide battery reaching 90% SOC during the charging process is 4.24V, and the battery voltage corresponding to reaching 100% SOC is 4.3V. Therefore, in practical applications, the charging process can be terminated and controlled based on these two voltage points. According to the relationship curve between the charging voltage and discharge capacity of the nickel cobalt manganese oxide battery, it can be determined that the battery voltage is 2.8V when fully discharged, and the battery voltage is 3.43V when 90% of the power is discharged (as shown by the circled points in Figure 5). Therefore, the battery voltage corresponding to the nickel cobalt manganese oxide battery reaching 10% SOC during the discharge process is 3.43V, and the battery voltage corresponding to the battery voltage reaching 0% SOC is 2.8V. Therefore, in actual applications, the power consumption process can be terminated and controlled based on these two voltage points.

[0051] S104 : In response to the battery under test changing from a safe stage to a dangerous stage, forcibly discharging the battery under test to a lower limit of a reduced usage range.

[0052] The transition of the battery under test from the safe stage to the dangerous stage indicates that the battery's health has decreased by 40% compared to when it left the factory. At this point, the battery capacity has deteriorated significantly from its factory-set value, and continued use in this condition is unsafe. Therefore, the battery needs to be disabled. Before disabling, the battery's charge must be discharged to the lower limit of the reduced usage range to minimize the battery's charge level. This is because, if a battery still has a high charge at the end of its life, it may increase the risk of short circuits, overheating, or even fire and explosion. For example, the chemical substances within the battery may be unstable at a high charge, potentially leading to dangerous situations. Furthermore, batteries with low charges pose a relatively lower potential environmental risk during subsequent recycling and disposal, whereas chemical substances in batteries with high charges could cause more severe environmental pollution if they leak. Furthermore, batteries with high charges require more specialized measures and equipment during transportation and handling, which increases processing costs. Conversely, reducing the charge level to a minimum can reduce these costs. Finally, considering that when the battery is disassembled for reuse later, if the power level is low, the risk of electric shock faced by operators and equipment is smaller, and it is also easier to separate and reuse the various components of the battery. For example, in some waste battery processing plants, if the power level of the battery received is too high, it needs to be discharged first, which is not only time-consuming but also increases the processing links and costs. Reducing the power level to a minimum in advance can make the entire processing process more efficient and safer.

[0053] S105 : After the forced discharge is completed, the state of charge usage interval of the battery to be tested is set to a single value.

[0054] The single value may be equal to the lower limit of the reduced usage range. Setting the SOC usage range of the battery under test to the single value of the lower limit of the reduced usage range restricts the battery under test to a single SOC, prohibiting charge and discharge operations that could cause the SOC to fluctuate, thereby disabling the battery under test.

[0055] In related technologies, the warranty period of a battery is often divided into three application stages, namely the initial stage, the intermediate stage, and the final stage. In the final stage, the user is reminded that the battery needs to be replaced. Once the battery is out of warranty, the battery will no longer be warrantied or managed accordingly. However, many users often continue to use the battery regardless of the reminder to replace the battery. In this case, if the battery is not managed accordingly, the possibility of a safety accident occurring in the battery will be greatly increased. The embodiment of the present application defines five application stages for the battery, including the initial stage, the intermediate stage, and the final stage within the warranty period, as well as the safe stage and the dangerous stage outside the warranty period. On the one hand, the present application limits the battery's state of charge usage range accordingly as the health status changes after the battery enters the end stage, so that the charge and discharge rates can be adjusted accordingly according to the state of charge usage range, so that the battery's charge and discharge behavior can better adapt to the battery's health status and slow down the battery's life attenuation; on the other hand, the present application also sets a safe stage and a dangerous stage after the battery exceeds the warranty period. The safe stage is a stage in which the battery can remain safe according to the limited usage range, instructing users to use it with confidence outside the warranty period, thereby improving the user's experience; on the other hand, the battery is disabled after being discharged to the minimum power in the dangerous stage, forcing the battery to be scrapped, avoiding harm to the user after the battery safety factor is greatly reduced, thereby improving the safety of the battery.

[0056] The battery derating protection method provided in this embodiment adjusts the application stage of the battery to be tested according to the decline in the health state of the battery to be tested during the application process of the battery to be tested. When the battery to be tested is in the initial stage or the intermediate stage, the charge state usage interval of the battery to be tested is set to the initial usage interval. When the battery to be tested changes from the intermediate stage to the end stage, the charge state usage interval is reduced to the reduced usage interval. When the battery to be tested changes from the safe stage to the dangerous stage, the battery to be tested is forced to discharge to the lower limit of the reduced usage interval; after the forced discharge is completed, the charge state usage interval of the battery to be tested is set to a single value, thereby achieving battery derating protection. On the one hand, the charge state derating protection is based on the health state of the battery, is scientific and reasonable, avoids the shortening of the battery life due to unreasonable derating, and extends the battery life. On the other hand, it takes into account the user's use of the battery outside the warranty period, thereby improving the safety of the battery.

[0057] FIG6 is a flow chart of a battery derating protection method provided in an embodiment of the present application. Based on the above embodiment, referring to FIG6 , the battery derating protection method includes:

[0058] S201 . During the application process of the battery to be tested, according to the degradation of the health state of the battery to be tested, correspondingly adjust the application stage of the battery to be tested.

[0059] S202 : In response to the battery to be tested being in the initial stage or the intermediate stage, setting the state of charge usage interval of the battery to be tested to the initial usage interval.

[0060] S203 : In response to the battery under test transitioning from the intermediate stage to the final stage, narrowing the state of charge usage range to a reduced usage range.

[0061] S204 : In response to the battery under test being transferred from the safe stage to the dangerous stage, forcibly discharging the battery under test to the lower limit of the reduced usage range.

[0062] S205 : After the forced discharge is completed, the state of charge usage range of the battery to be tested is set to a single value.

[0063] Steps S201 , S202 , S203 , S204 and S205 respectively correspond to steps S101 , S102 , S103 , S104 and S105 of the aforementioned embodiment and have the same contents, and are not described again here.

[0064] S206 : According to the degradation of the health state of the battery to be tested, the power state value of the battery to be tested is correspondingly reduced.

[0065] Among them, the power state (SOP) value of the battery is used to describe the maximum power that the battery can output or absorb at a specific moment, and can also be understood as a quantitative value of the power tolerance of the battery. During the use of the battery, the battery management system can plan the battery charge and discharge rate according to the power state value of the battery to prevent the battery from being overcharged and discharged and prolong the service life of the battery. In this embodiment, the power state value of the battery to be tested decreases as the health state decreases. For example, the power state value of the battery to be tested can be equal to its health state. The power state value of the battery to be tested can also be stepped down according to the decrease in health state. For example, in the initial stage, when the health state range corresponding to the battery to be tested is (90%, 100%], the power state value is 100%; in the middle stage, when the health state range corresponding to the battery to be tested is (80%, 90%], the power state value is 90%; in the end stage, the health state range corresponding to the battery to be tested is (80%, 90%]. (70%, 80%], the power state value is 80%; in the safe stage, when the health state range of the battery to be tested is (60%, 70%], the power state value is 70%; in the dangerous stage, when the health state range of the battery to be tested is (0, 60%], the battery is disabled and the power state value is 0%. In addition, the value of the power state value determined based on the reduction in health state may only be the basic value of the power state value, and the actual value of the power state value applied by the battery management system may be multiplied by the temperature coefficient and / or the remaining power coefficient on this basis.

[0066] S207: Setting the safety status estimation value of the battery to be tested to a preset maximum value.

[0067] The estimated State of Safty (SOS) of the battery under test is a quantitative assessment of the battery's safety under specific circumstances and is the quantitative safety value displayed to the user. If the battery's theoretical safety can be guaranteed, and the state-of-charge usage range is set to change according to the application phase and mandatory scrapping is required in the dangerous phase, the estimated SOS value can be set to a preset maximum value to demonstrate the battery's superior safety to the user. For example, the preset maximum value can be equal to 100%. Furthermore, the estimated SOS value set in this step can be merely a basic safety value. The actual safety value applied or displayed by the battery management system can be multiplied by at least one of the device aging factor, circuit aging factor, and temperature factor.

[0068] S208 : In response to the battery under test being in the initial stage, the intermediate stage, the final stage, or the safety stage, determining the functional status evaluation value of the battery under test to be a preset maximum value.

[0069] The State of Function (SOF) of the battery under test is a quantitative evaluation of the overall functional state of the battery under test. When the state of charge and power state values ​​are adjusted accordingly to the health state, the maximum values ​​of various functionalities are also adjusted accordingly to the health state. In this way, the battery under test can function in all stages of non-mandatory scrapping. In this embodiment, the functional state evaluation values ​​in the initial stage, intermediate stage, final stage, or safety stage are set to preset maximum values, which can truly indicate the functional state of the battery in these stages. For example, the preset maximum value can be 100%.

[0070] S209 : In response to the battery to be tested being in a dangerous stage, determining the functional status evaluation value of the battery to be tested to be a preset minimum value.

[0071] If the battery to be tested is in a dangerous stage, it indicates that the battery to be tested is disabled. At this time, various functions of the battery to be tested cannot be completed. Therefore, the functional status evaluation value of the battery to be tested is determined to be a preset minimum value to truly indicate the functional status of the battery to be tested in the dangerous stage. For example, the preset minimum value can be 0%.

[0072] For example, FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a curve showing the changes of various parameters of a battery to be tested during its entire life cycle provided by an embodiment of the present application. The battery state (State Of X, SOX) derating in the figure specifically refers to the adjustment of SOS, SOF, SOP and SOC mentioned in this embodiment, wherein the SOC usage range is represented by a maximum value SOCmax and a minimum value SOCmin; the various state parameters of SOH, SOS, SOF, SOP and SOC usage range corresponding to the application stage machine of the battery to be tested are shown in Table 2. Combining FIG7 and Table 2, the SOH range corresponding to the initial stage BOL is (90%, 100%], then corresponding to SOH, SOS is 100%, SOF is 100%, SOP is 100%, the minimum value SOCmin in the SOC usage range is 0% and the maximum value SOCmax is 100%. The SOH range corresponding to the intermediate stage MOL is (80%, 90%], then corresponding to SOH, SOS is 100%, SOF is 100%, SOP is 90%, the minimum value SOCmi in the SOC usage range is n is 0% and the maximum value SOCmax is 100%. The health state range corresponding to the end stage EOL is [70%, 80%], then corresponding to SOH, SOS is 100%, SOF is 100%, SOP is 80%, the minimum value SOCmin in the SOC usage range is 10% and the maximum value SOCmax is 90%. The health state range corresponding to the safe stage SOL is [60%, 70%], then corresponding to SOH, SOS is 100%, SOF is 100%, SOP is 70%, the minimum value SOCmin in the SOC usage range is 10% and the maximum value SOCmax is 90%. The health state range corresponding to the hazardous stage HOL is [0, 60%], then corresponding to SOH, SOS is 100%, SOF is 0%, SOP is 0%, the minimum value SOCmin in the SOC usage range is 10% and the maximum value SOCmax is 10%.

[0073] Table 2. Comparison of the application stages of a battery under test and its corresponding various state parameters

[0074]

[0075] The battery derating protection method provided in this embodiment reduces the power state value of the battery to be tested according to the reduction in the health state of the battery to be tested. The safety state estimation value of the battery to be tested is set to a preset maximum value. When the battery to be tested is in the initial stage, intermediate stage, end stage or safety stage, the functional state evaluation value of the battery to be tested is determined to be a preset maximum value; when the battery to be tested is in the dangerous stage, the functional state evaluation value of the battery to be tested is determined to be a preset minimum value, thereby realizing the corresponding setting of the power state value, functional state and safety state estimation value of the battery in each stage. Each state parameter is set according to the health state, with high reliability. On the basis of ensuring the safety of the battery, the battery life is extended.

[0076] This application also provides a battery derating protection device. Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the components of a battery derating protection device provided in an embodiment of this application. Based on the aforementioned embodiments, referring to Figure 8 , the battery derating protection device 800 includes a stage adjustment module 801, an initial state of charge setting module 802, a state of charge reduction module 803, a forced discharge module 804, and a single state of charge setting module 805.

[0077] The stage adjustment module 801 is configured to adjust the application stage of the battery under test according to the decline in the health status of the battery under test during the application process of the battery under test. Among them, according to the corresponding health status from high to low, the application stage includes the initial stage, intermediate stage, end stage, safe stage and dangerous stage.

[0078] The initial state of charge setting module 802 is configured to set the state of charge usage interval of the battery to be tested to the initial usage interval in response to the battery to be tested being in the initial stage or the intermediate stage.

[0079] The SOC reduction module 803 is configured to reduce the SOC usage range to a reduced usage range in response to the battery under test transitioning from the intermediate stage to the final stage, wherein the range of the reduced usage range is smaller than the range of the initial usage range.

[0080] The forced discharge module 804 is configured to forcefully discharge the battery under test to a lower limit of the reduced usage range in response to the battery under test transitioning from a safe stage to a dangerous stage.

[0081] The single state of charge setting module 805 is configured to set the state of charge usage range of the battery under test to a single value after the forced discharge is completed, wherein the single value is equal to the lower limit of the reduced usage range.

[0082] Optionally, Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the composition of another battery derating protection device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Based on the aforementioned embodiment, referring to Figure 9 , the battery derating protection device further includes at least one of a power state value adjustment module 901, a safety state setting module 902, and a functional state evaluation value setting module 903.

[0083] The power state value adjustment module 901 is configured to reduce the power state value of the battery under test according to the decrease in the health state of the battery under test.

[0084] The safety status setting module 902 is configured to set the safety status of the battery to be tested to a preset maximum value.

[0085] The functional status evaluation value setting module 903 is configured to determine the functional status evaluation value of the battery to be tested as a preset maximum value when the battery to be tested is in the initial stage, intermediate stage, end stage or safe stage, and to determine the functional status evaluation value of the battery to be tested as a preset minimum value when the battery to be tested is in the dangerous stage.

[0086] The battery derating protection device provided in the embodiment of the present application can execute the battery derating protection method provided in the embodiment of the present application, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method.

[0087] FIG10 shows a schematic diagram of an electronic device that can be used to implement embodiments of the present application. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital assistants, cellular phones, smartphones, wearable devices (such as helmets, glasses, watches, etc.), and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are intended to be examples only.

[0088] As shown in Figure 10, electronic device 1000 includes at least one processor 11 and memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 12 and a random access memory (RAM) 13, communicatively connected to the at least one processor 11. The memory stores computer programs executable by the at least one processor. Processor 11 can perform various actions and processes based on the computer programs stored in ROM 12 or loaded from storage unit 18 into RAM 13. RAM 13 can also store various programs and data required for the operation of electronic device 1000. Processor 11, ROM 12, and RAM 13 are interconnected via a bus 14. An input / output (I / O) interface 15 is also connected to bus 14.

[0089] Multiple components in the electronic device 1000 are connected to the I / O interface 15, including an input unit 16, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 17, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 18, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 19, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 19 allows the electronic device 1000 to exchange information / data with other devices via a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0090] Processor 11 can be any general-purpose and / or specialized processing component with processing and computing capabilities. Processor 11 includes a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various specialized artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any other suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. Processor 11 executes the various methods and processes described above, such as the battery derating protection method.

[0091] In some embodiments, the battery derating protection method can be implemented as a computer program tangibly embodied in a computer-readable storage medium, such as storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed on electronic device 1000 via ROM 12 and / or communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into RAM 13 and executed by processor 11, one or more steps of the battery derating protection method described above can be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, processor 11 can be configured to execute the battery derating protection method via other appropriate means (e.g., via firmware).

[0092] Various embodiments of the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard parts (ASSPs), system-on-chip systems (states of charge), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments can include being implemented in one or more computer programs that are executable and / or interpreted on a programmable system that includes at least one programmable processor, which can be a special purpose or general purpose programmable processor that can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0093] Computer programs for implementing the methods of the present application may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when the computer program is executed by the processor, the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams are implemented. The computer program may be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0094] In the present application, a computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, device, or apparatus. A computer-readable storage medium may include an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device, or apparatus, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, a computer-readable storage medium may be a machine-readable signal medium. Machine-readable storage media include electrical connections based on one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, RAM, ROM, Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0095] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on an electronic device that has: a display device (e.g., a cathode ray tube (CRT) or a liquid crystal display (LCD) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user can provide input to the electronic device. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0096] The systems and techniques described herein can be implemented in a computing system that includes back-end components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes front-end components (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or web browser through which a user can interact with implementations of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such back-end components, middleware components, or front-end components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: Local Area Networks (LANs), Wide Area Networks (WANs), blockchain networks, and the Internet.

[0097] A computing system may include clients and servers. The clients and servers are typically remote from each other and typically interact via a communications network. This client-server relationship arises through computer programs running on the respective computers, creating a client-server relationship. The server may be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host. This is a host product within the cloud computing service ecosystem that addresses the management difficulties and limited scalability of traditional physical hosts and virtual private server (VPS) services.

[0098] It should be understood that the various forms of the processes shown above can be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in this application can be performed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, as long as the desired results of the technical solutions of this application can be achieved.

Claims

1. A battery derating protection method, comprising: During the application of the battery to be tested, according to the decline of the health state of the battery to be tested, the application stage of the battery to be tested is correspondingly adjusted, wherein, according to the corresponding health state from high to low, the application stage includes an initial stage, an intermediate stage, an end stage, a safe stage and a dangerous stage; In response to the battery to be tested being in the initial stage or the intermediate stage, setting the state of charge usage interval of the battery to be tested to an initial usage interval; In response to the battery under test changing from the intermediate stage to the end stage, the state of charge usage interval is reduced to a reduced usage interval, wherein the range of the reduced usage interval is smaller than the range of the initial usage interval; In response to the battery under test changing from the safe stage to the dangerous stage, forcibly discharging the battery under test to a lower limit of the reduced usage range; After the forced discharge is completed, the state of charge usage interval of the battery to be tested is set to a single value, wherein the single value is equal to the lower limit of the reduced usage interval.

2. The battery derating protection method according to claim 1, while adjusting the application stage of the battery to be tested according to the decline of the health state of the battery to be tested, the method further comprises: According to the decrease in the health state of the battery to be tested, the power state value of the battery to be tested is correspondingly reduced.

3. The battery derating protection method according to claim 1, while adjusting the application stage of the battery to be tested according to the decline of the health state of the battery to be tested, the method further comprises: The safety state estimation value of the battery to be tested is set to a preset maximum value.

4. The battery derating protection method according to claim 1, while adjusting the application stage of the battery to be tested according to the decline of the health state of the battery to be tested, the method further comprises: In response to the battery to be tested being in the initial stage, the intermediate stage, the final stage or the safe stage, determining the functional state evaluation value of the battery to be tested to be a preset maximum value; In response to the battery to be tested being in the dangerous stage, the functional status evaluation value of the battery to be tested is determined to be a preset minimum value.

5. The battery derating protection method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, before the battery to be tested leaves the factory, the method further comprises: Determine the relationship curve between the voltage and the charge and discharge capacity of the battery to be tested during the charge and discharge process; After setting the state of charge usage interval of the battery to be tested to an initial usage interval, the method further includes: Determining the battery voltage corresponding to the upper and lower limits of the initial use interval according to the relationship curve; Controlling the charge and discharge state of the battery to be tested according to the battery voltage corresponding to the upper and lower limits of the initial use interval; After reducing the state of charge usage interval to a reduced usage interval, the method further includes: Determining the battery voltages corresponding to the upper and lower limits of the reduced usage range according to the relationship curve; The charge and discharge state of the battery to be tested is controlled according to the battery voltage corresponding to the upper and lower limits of the reduced usage interval.

6. The battery derating protection method according to claim 5, wherein: The battery to be tested includes a lithium iron phosphate battery; When the battery to be tested is the lithium iron phosphate battery, the battery voltage corresponding to the upper limit of the initial usage interval is 3.65V, the battery voltage corresponding to the lower limit of the initial usage interval is 2.5V, the battery voltage corresponding to the upper limit of the reduced usage interval is 3.54V, and the battery voltage corresponding to the upper limit of the reduced usage interval is 3.03V.

7. The battery derating protection method according to claim 5, wherein: The battery to be tested includes a nickel cobalt manganese oxide lithium battery; When the battery to be tested is the nickel cobalt manganese oxide lithium battery, the battery voltage corresponding to the upper limit of the initial usage interval is 4.3V, the battery voltage corresponding to the lower limit of the initial usage interval is 2.8V, the battery voltage corresponding to the upper limit of the reduced usage interval is 4.24V, and the battery voltage corresponding to the upper limit of the reduced usage interval is 3.43V.

8. The battery derating protection method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The health status range corresponding to the initial stage is (90%, 100%]; the health status range corresponding to the intermediate stage is (80%, 90%]; the health status range corresponding to the end stage is (70%, 80%]; the health status range corresponding to the safe stage is (60%, 70%]; the health status range corresponding to the dangerous stage is (0, 60%] 9. An electronic device, comprising: at least one processor; as well as a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the battery derating protection method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, wherein the computer instructions are used to enable a processor to implement the battery derating protection method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 when executed.

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