Multispecific fusion proteins targeting angiogenic, inflammatory, and / or fibrotic factors
Multispecific fusion proteins targeting DLL4, VEGF family members, and Ang-2 offer a more comprehensive approach to addressing aberrant angiogenesis, inflammation, and fibrosis, enhancing treatment efficacy beyond current therapies.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2023/134829
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-11-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-05
AI Technical Summary
Current treatments targeting angiogenic factors, such as VEGF, are insufficient in completely inhibiting aberrant angiogenesis, inflammation, and fibrosis associated with various diseases.
Development of multispecific fusion proteins that simultaneously target DLL4, VEGF family members, and Ang-2, thereby inhibiting their signaling pathways and reducing pathological conditions related to aberrant angiogenesis, inflammation, and fibrosis.
The multispecific fusion proteins effectively reduce or inhibit the biological activities of DLL4, VEGF family members, and Ang-2, providing improved treatment options for conditions characterized by aberrant angiogenesis, inflammation, and fibrosis.
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Abstract
Description
MULTISPECIFIC FUSION PROTEINS TARGETING ANGIOGENIC, INFLAMMATORY, AND / OR FIBROTIC FACTORSBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to multispecific fusion proteins targeting angiogenic, inflammatory and / or fibrotic factors. In particular, the present invention relates to multispecific fusion proteins targeting at least certain members of the family of vascular endothelial growth factors ( “VEGF” ) and Delta-like ligand 4 ( “DLL4” ) . The present invention also relates to multispecific antibody fusion proteins targeting at least certain members of the VEGF family, DLL4, and angiopoietin-2 ( “Ang-2” ) . The present invention also relates to such fusion proteins, their uses, and processes for production.
[0002] The major cellular components of the mammalian vascular system are the endothelium, smooth muscle cells, and pericytes. Endothelial cells form the lining of the inner surface of all blood vessels in the mammal and constitute a non-thrombogenic interface between blood and tissue. Therefore, the proliferation of endothelial cells is an important component for the development of new capillaries and blood vessels which, in turn, is a necessary process for the growth and / or regeneration of mammalian tissues.
[0003] In recent decades, a variety of signaling molecules have been identified as playing important roles in angiogenesis and increased vascular permeability (vascular leakage) . These signaling molecules include members of the VEGF family ( “VEGF family members” ) , Delta-like ligand 4, angiopoietins, ephrin, and certain members of the interleukin family (such as IL-3, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-17) . VEGF family members of secreted polypeptides have been shown to play an extremely important role in promoting endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis. A pathological feature of uncontrolled angiogenesis caused by VEGF over-expression is increased vascular permeability, which results in fluid leakage into, and swelling of, the surrounding tissues. In mammals, this family consists of five related growth factors having highly conserved receptor-binding structure: vascular endothelial growth factors A-D ( “VEGF-A, ” “VEGF-B, ” “VEGF-C, ” and “VEGF-D” ) and placental growth factor ( “PlGF” ) . In this disclosure, this family of growth factors is also referred to as the VEGF family.
[0004] The Notch signaling pathways are evolutionary conserved and control cell-fate determination and differentiation in many tissues and cell types, including the vascular system. In mammals, four Notch transmembrane receptors (Notch1, Notch2, Notch3, and Notch4) and five ligands (Jagged1, Jagged2, Delta-like ligand 1, 3, and 4) are found. Signaling through Notch1 and Notch4 receptors and their ligand Delta-like ligand 4 ( “DLL4” ) has been implicated in regulating angiogenesis and vascular differentiation during development and in diverse pathological conditions because DLL4 is the only Notch ligand expressed predominantly by the vascular endothelium. It has been found that in most mouse lines, the deletion of one of the DLL4 alleles causes significant disturbance in the development of the vascular system during early embryogenesis resulting in death of the embryo. Among the great number of genes involved in regulation of vasculogenesis and angiogenesis, such significant defects of the development of the vascular system and death of embryos caused by deletion of a single allele were described only for VEGFA and DLL4.
[0005] The extracellular domain ( “ECD” ) of human Notch1 receptor have thirty-six epidermal growth factor ( “EGF” ) -like repeats. EGF-like repeats 11-13 have been known to be essential for ligand binding (Cordle et al., Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 2008, 15 (8) : 849-857) .
[0006] Activation of the Notch signaling pathway has been observed in pathological conditions and involved in a variety of processes, including cellular proliferation, apoptosis, and fibrosis. Notch ligand-receptor interaction leads to cleavage of the notch intracellular domain ( “NICD” ) by γ-secretase proteases, followed by NICD translocation to the nucleus where it regulates the expression of downstream fibrotic genes. Notch signaling has been reported to contribute to fibrogenesis in renal, liver, lung, heart, skin, and retinal diseases.
[0007] Retinal / subretinal fibrosis is characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix ( “ECM” ) proteins by activated Müller glia, astrocytes, microglia, transformed retinal pigment epithelium ( “RPE” ) cells, myofibroblast-like cells, and vascular endothelial cells. Notch signaling has been reported to promote transforming growth factor-β1 ( “TGFβ1” ) -induced epithelial mesenchymal transition of the RPE and contribute to fibrosis in animal models of proliferative vitreoretinopathy and choroidal neovascularization, all of which can be inhibited by γ-secretase inhibitors. Activation of the Notch signaling pathway promoted Müller cells to overexpress ECM proteins and this process can be inhibited by a Notch inhibitor. Intravitreal injection of a Notch inhibitor prevented preretinal and subretinal fibrosis resulted from NaIO3-induced retinal damage in an animal study.
[0008] The angiopoietin / Tie ligand / receptor system also has a key regulatory role in regulating vascular integrity and quiescence. Besides its role in angiogenesis, it is an important regulator in numerous diseases including inflammation. Important members of the angiopoietin family are angiopoietin-1 ( “Ang-1” ) and angiopoietin-2 ( “Ang-2” ) . Ang-1-mediated Tie-2 activation is required to maintain the quiescent resting state of the endothelium. Agonistic Ang-1 functions are antagonized by Ang-2, which is believed to inhibit Ang-1 / Tie-2 signaling. Ang-2 destabilizes the quiescent endothelium and primes it to respond to exogenous stimuli, thereby facilitating the activities of inflammatory and angiogenic cytokines including VEGF-A and IL-6. It has been shown that Ang-2 promotes the proangiogenic action of VEGF and that VEGF up-regulates Ang-2 expression in endothelial cells.
[0009] Faricimab is the first bispecific antibody designed for dual inhibition of VEGF-A and Ang-2 via intravitreal injections to treat retinal diseases. FDA has recently approved faricimab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration ( “nAMD” ) , diabetic macular edema ( “DME” ) , and macular edema caused by retinal vein occlusion ( “RVO” ) . Pivotal studies of faricimab (up to 16-week injection intervals) versus aflibercept (8-week injection intervals) demonstrated non-inferiority of faricimab compared to aflibercept in improving best-corrected visual acuity after IVT injection in patients with DME. The observed increase in durability of response beyond 8 to 12 weeks while maintaining non-inferiority to aflibercept in DME patients receiving faricimab treatment, may be due to the added contribution of anti-Ang-2.
[0010] The VEGF-family growth factors act through a family of cognate receptor tyrosine kinases, which exist only on the surface of vascular endothelial cells, to stimulate formation of blood vessels: VEGF receptor-1 ( “VEGFR-1, ” also known as “flt-1” ) , VEGF receptor-2 ( “VEGFR-2, ” also known as “KDR” in humans and “flk-1” in mice) , VEGF receptor-3 ( “VEGFR-3, ” also known as “flt-4” ) .
[0011] VEGF-A (also sometimes simply referred to as VEGF) has emerged as the most important member of this family of growth factors. Human VEGF-Ais expressed in a variety of tissues as multiple homodimeric forms (121, 145, 165, 183, 189 and 206 amino acids per monomer) , wherein each form arises as a result of alternative splicing of a single RNA transcript.
[0012] Since VEGFs promote vascular endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis, they may be useful for the therapeutic treatment of numerous conditions in which a growth-promoting activity on the vascular endothelial cells is beneficially important; for example, in treatment of ulcers, vascular injuries, and myocardial infarction.
[0013] In contrast, however, while vascular endothelial proliferation is desirable under certain circumstances, vascular endothelial proliferation and angiogenesis are also undesirable components of a variety of diseases and disorders including tumor growth and metastasis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, atherosclerosis, diabetic retinopathy, retrolental fibroplasia, neovascular glaucoma, nAMD, hemangiomas, immune rejection of transplanted corneal tissue and other tissues, and chronic inflammation. In individuals suffering from any of these disorders, one would want to inhibit, or at least substantially reduce, the endothelial proliferating activity of the aforementioned angiogenic factors.
[0014] Each of flt-1, KDR, and flt-4 tyrosine kinase receptors has seven extracellular immunoglobulin-like ( “Ig-like” ) domains that are available for ligand binding, a transmembrane domain that serves to anchor the receptor on the surface of cells in which it is expressed, and an intracellular catalytic tyrosine kinase domain. Flt-1 binds VEGF-A, VEGF-B, and PlGF. KDR binds VEGF-A, VEGF-C, and VEGF-D. Flt-4 binds VEGF-C and VEGF-D.
[0015] In view of the role of the growth factors of the VEGF family in vascular endothelial proliferation and angiogenesis, and the role that these processes play in many different diseases and disorders, treatments have been devised that target the control of these growth factors. However, anti-VEGF therapy alone has not been able to block completely the progression of angiogenic diseases.
[0016] Therefore, it is desirable to have a pharmacological means for more completely reducing or inhibiting one or more of the biological activities of these growth factors in patients whose pathological conditions are rooted in aberrant angiogenesis, inflammation, and / or fibrosis. It is also desirable to have a pharmacological means for improved treatment or control of pathological conditions that are rooted in aberrant angiogenesis, inflammation, and / or fibrosis.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0017] As used herein, the term “control” also includes reduction, alleviation, amelioration, or prevention.
[0018] As used herein, the term “multispecific” refers to comprising two or more binding sites directed at two or more different antigens or two or more different epitopes on the same antigen. The term “bispecific” refers to comprising two binding sites directed at two different antigens or two different epitopes on the same antigen. The term “trispecific” refers to comprising three binding sites directed at three different antigens or three different epitopes on the same antigen.
[0019] In general, the present invention provides multispecific fusion or chimeric proteins, methods of producing and compositions comprising the same, and methods for treating or controlling at least a pathological condition in a subject, which condition has etiology in at least one of aberrant angiogenesis, increased vascular permeability (vascular leakage) , inflammation, and fibrosis. In this disclosure, a “fusion protein” may be referred to as a “chimeric protein” for its inclusion of components from different origins.
[0020] A multispecific fusion protein of the present invention comprises at least a DLL4-binding unit and a VEGF-binding unit. A DLL4-binding unit is a polypeptide or protein that is capable of binding, or substantially binding, to DLL4. A VEGF-binding unit is a polypeptide or protein that is capable of binding, or substantially binding, to one or more VEGF family members.
[0021] In one aspect, a multispecific fusion protein, or antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof, of the present invention comprises a DLL4-binding unit and a VEGF-binding unit with the proviso that when the multispecific fusion protein is a bispecific fusion protein, it does not comprise, or is devoid of, a VEGF antibody or VEGF-binding fragment thereof.
[0022] In another aspect, a multispecific fusion protein, or antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof, of the present invention comprises a DLL4-binding unit and a VEGF-binding unit with the proviso that when the multispecific fusion protein is a bispecific fusion protein, it does not comprise, or is devoid of, a complementarity determining region ( “CDR” ) of a VEGF antibody or VEGF-binding fragment thereof.
[0023] In another aspect, a multispecific fusion protein of the present invention further comprises an Ang-2-binding unit. An Ang-2-binding unit is a polypeptide or protein that is capable of binding, or substantially binding, to Ang-2.
[0024] Thus, in one aspect, a multispecific fusion protein of the present invention may be viewed at least as a bispecific or trispecific construct that can bind to two (DLL4 and a VEGF family member) or three (DLL4, a VEGF family member, and Ang-2) distinct types of ligands and inhibit or block their participation in an activation of signaling pathways that are involved in a pathological condition selected from the group consisting of aberrant angiogenesis, vascular leakage, inflammation, fibrosis, and combinations thereof.
[0025] In another aspect, such multispecific fusion protein is a multispecific antibody fusion protein.
[0026] In still another aspect, the present invention provides multispecific antibody fusion or chimeric proteins, or antigen-binding fragments or antigen-binding domains thereof that are capable of binding, or substantially binding, to at least DLL4 and one or more VEGF family members; thereby, concurrently reducing or inhibiting DLL4 and VEGF family member signaling transduction.
[0027] In yet another aspect, the present invention provides multispecific antibody fusion or chimeric proteins, or antigen-binding fragments or antigen-binding domains thereof that are capable of binding, or substantially binding, to at least DLL4, one or more VEGF family members, and Ang-2; thereby, concurrently reducing or inhibiting signaling transduction by DLL4, one or more VEGF family members, and Ang-2.
[0028] In yet another aspect, a multispecific antibody fusion or chimeric protein of the present invention comprises a DLL4-binding unit and a VEGF-binding unit that are linked together. Such binding units comprise, consist of, or consist essentially of antigen-binding domains or moieties that target DLL4 and one or more VEGF family members, respectively; provided that when such multispecific antibody fusion protein is a bispecific antibody fusion protein, the VEGF-binding unit does not comprise, or is devoid of, a VEGF antibody or VEGF-binding fragment thereof.
[0029] In yet another aspect, a multispecific antibody fusion or chimeric protein of the present invention further comprises an Ang-2-binding unit. Such an Ang-2-binding unit comprises, consists of, or consists essentially of antigen-binding domains or moieties that target Ang-2.
[0030] In still another aspect, a multispecific antibody fusion or chimeric protein of the present invention comprises a DLL4 / VEGF binding unit that comprises a VEGF-binding unit linked to a DLL4-binding unit; provided that when the multispecific antibody fusion is a bispecific antibody protein does not comprise, or is devoid of, a VEGF antibody or a VEGF-binding fragment thereof.
[0031] In still another aspect, the multispecific antibody fusion or chimeric protein of the present invention further comprises an Ang-2-binding unit linked to the DLL4 / VEGF binding unit.
[0032] The present invention also provides an antigen-binding fragment or domain of such fusion proteins.
[0033] In one aspect, the DLL4-binding unit comprises an antibody against DLL4 or a polypeptide capable of binding, or substantially binding, to DLL4 ( “DLL4-binding polypeptide” ) .
[0034] In another aspect, a multispecific antibody fusion protein of the present invention comprises an antibody against DLL4 or a DLL4-binding polypeptide, linked to a VEGF-binding unit. In yet another aspect, said multispecific antibody fusion protein further comprises an Ang-2-binding unit linked directly or indirectly to said antibody against DLL4 or said DLL4-binding polypeptide. In yet another aspect, said Ang-2-binding unit comprises an antibody or a biologically active polypeptide that is capable of binding, or binding substantially, to Ang-2 ( “Ang-2-binding polypeptide” ) .
[0035] In the present disclosure, the term “antibody” encompasses, without limitation, full-length antibodies, monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antibodies, single-chain FV antibodies (scFV) , Fab antibodies, Fab’ antibodies, (Fab’) 2 antibodies, single-domain antibodies (sdAbs, also known as nanobodies) , minibodies, maxibodies, diabodies, and peptibodies.
[0036] In still another aspect, a multispecific fusion protein, or antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof, of the present invention comprises a DLL4-binding unit and a VEGF-binding unit with the proviso that when the multispecific fusion protein is a bispecific fusion protein, the VEGF-binding unit comprises an Ig-like domain selected from the group consisting of Ig-like domains of one or more VEGF receptors. In one aspect, VEGF family members that bind to such VEGF-binding unit include VEGF-A, VEGF-B, and PlGF. In another aspect, such family members are VEGF-A, VEGF-B, and PlGF. In still another aspect, said VEGF-binding unit comprises a plurality of Ig-like domains of one or more VEGF receptors. In some embodiments, the VEGF-binding unit comprises a plurality of Ig-like domains of a VEGF receptor selected from the group consisting of VEGF receptor 1, 2, 3 ( “VEGFR-1, ” “VEGFR-2, ” and “VEGFR-3” ) , and combinations thereof. In some other embodiments, said VEGF-binding unit comprises Ig-like domain (extracellular domain) 2, or substantially Ig-like domain 2, of VGFR-1 ( “VEGFR-1-D2” ) and Ig-like domain 3, or substantially domain 3, of VEGFR-2 ( “VEGFR-2-D3” ) . In still some other embodiments, the VEGF-binding unit comprises VEGFR-1-D2 and VEGFR-2-D3 linked to an Fc domain of IgG1.
[0037] In still another aspect, said DLL4 is human DLL4, said Ang-2 is human Ang-2, and said VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 are human VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2.
[0038] In still another aspect, an antibody fusion or chimeric protein of the present invention, or an antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof, comprises a DLL4-binding unit linked to an Ang-2 binding unit and a VEGF-binding unit, wherein the DLL4-binding unit comprises a full-length antibody against DLL4 or a DLL4-binding polypeptide. In some embodiments, such DLL4-binding polypeptide comprises one or more extracellular EGF-like repeats of the Notch1 receptor ( “DLL4-binding Notch1 polypeptide” ) . In some embodiments, such DLL4-binding Notch1 polypeptide is modified to increase the binding affinity for human DLL4.
[0039] In one aspect, the Ang-2-binding unit comprises an sdAb against Ang-2 or an Ang-2-binding polypeptide.
[0040] In another aspect, the Ang-2-binding unit comprises an sdAb against Ang-2, or an antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof, which comprises the heavy-chain variable region of a heavy-chain antibody against Ang-2. Such an sdAb can bind specifically to Ang-2 without requiring a complementary variable region as in a conventional four-chain immunoglobulin molecule.
[0041] In yet another aspect, a multispecific antibody fusion protein of the present invention comprises an Fc domain of human IgG1.
[0042] In still another aspect, said VEGF-binding unit comprises human VEGFR-1-D2 linked to human VEGFR-2-D3.
[0043] In yet another aspect, said VEGF-binding unit comprises: (a) human VEGFR-1-D2; (b) human VEGFR-2-D3; and (c) an Fc domain of IgG1; wherein the VEGFR-1-D2 and VEGFR-2-D3 are linked in series. In some embodiments, the C-terminus of VEGFR-2-D3 is linked to the N-terminus of the Fc domain. In other embodiments, the C-terminus of VEGFR-1-D2 is linked to the N-terminus of the Fc domain.
[0044] In still another aspect, the present invention provides an isolated nucleic acid molecule encoding an antibody fusion or chimeric protein disclosed herein.
[0045] In still another aspect, the present invention provides a vector that comprises said nucleic acid molecule, including an expression vector comprising said nucleic molecule operatively linked to an expression control sequence. As used herein, the phrase “operatively linked” refers to components of a construct being placed in a functional relationship with each other and each component retaining its function. A nucleic acid is “operatively linked” when it is placed in a functional relationship with another nucleic acid sequence. For example, DNA for a pre-sequence or secretory leader is “operatively linked” to DNA encoding a polypeptide if it is expressed as a pre-protein that participates in the secretion of the polypeptide; a promoter or enhancer is operatively linked to a coding sequence if it affects the transcription of the sequence; or a ribosome binding site is operatively linked to a coding sequence if it is positioned so as to facilitate translation.
[0046] In still another aspect, the present invention provides a host-vector system for the production of said antibody fusion or chimeric protein that comprises the expression vector in a suitable host cell.
[0047] In another aspect, the present invention provides a method of producing an antibody fusion or chimeric protein, which method comprises: (a) growing cells of the host-vector system under conditions permitting production of the antibody fusion or chimeric protein; and (b) recovering the antibody fusion or chimeric protein so produced. Such method can further comprise purifying the antibody fusion or chimeric protein.
[0048] In still another aspect, the present invention provides a method for treating or controlling, or a composition for use to treat or control, at least a disease, condition, or disorder, in a subject, which has etiology in a condition selected from the group consisting of aberrant angiogenesis, vascular leakage, inflammation, fibrosis, and combinations thereof.
[0049] In certain embodiments, such disease, condition, or disorder is an ocular disease, condition, or disorder. In certain other embodiments, such disease, condition, or disorder involves tumor growth and metastasis. In still other embodiments, such disease, condition, or disorder is rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, or atherosclerosis.
[0050] Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description and claims.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0051] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention.
[0052] Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention.
[0053] Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the present invention.
[0054] Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
[0055] Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
[0056] Figures 6A and B show the purity of antibody fusion proteins of the first, second, fourth, and fifth embodiments including EB-107BIa-7CD, EB-107BIa-7CA, EB-107BIe, and EB-107BIj as exhibited by chromatograms of SEC-HPLC.
[0057] Figures 7A and B show ELISA binding affinity of some antibody fusion proteins of the present invention for human VEGF-A165, wherein aflibercept, a clinical stage of human Fc fusion protein, was used as a comparator.
[0058] Figures 8A and B show ELISA binding affinity of some antibody fusion proteins of the present invention for human DLL4, wherein navicixizumab, a bispecific antibody against VEGF-A and DLL4, was used as a comparator.
[0059] Figures 9A and B show ELISA binding affinity of some antibody fusion proteins of the present invention for human Ang-2, wherein nesvacumab, a monoclonal antibody against Ang-2, was used as a comparator, and aflibercept, a human Fc fusion protein against VEGF-A, B and PlGF, was used as a negative control.
[0060] Figures 10A and B show inhibition of VEGF-A165-mediated VEGFR-2 signaling by some antibody fusion proteins of the present invention, wherein aflibercept, a clinical-stage human Fc fusion protein, and faricimab, a clinical-stage bispecific antibody against VEGF-A and Ang-2, were used as comparators.
[0061] Figures 11A and B show the effects of some antibody fusion proteins of the present invention on blocking DLL4 binding to Notch-1 receptor in competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) studies, wherein navicixizumab, a bispecific antibody against VEGF-A and DLL4, was used as a comparator.
[0062] Figure 12 shows inhibition of Ang-2 / Tie-2 interaction by some antibody fusion proteins of the present invention, wherein nesvacumab, a monoclonal antibody against Ang-2, was used as a comparator.
[0063] Figure 13 shows inhibition of Ang-1 / Tie-2 interaction by some antibody fusion proteins of the present invention, wherein faricimab and nesvacumab were used as comparators. Faricimab is a bispecific antibody that inhibits VEGF-A and Ang-2. Nesvacumab is a monoclonal antibody against Ang-2.
[0064] Figure 14 shows the effect of fusion protein EB-107BIa-7CA on inhibiting vascular leakage from pre-retinal neovascularization ( “PRN” ) induced by DL-α-aminoadipic acid ( “DL-AAA” ) in Dutch belted rabbits, wherein the vehicle was used as a control for a comparison.
[0065] Figure 15 shows the effect of EB107BIe, aflibercept, and faricimab on inhibiting vascular leakage from laser-induced choroidal neovascularization ( “CNV” ) in monkeys. The clear fundus images indicate that no obvious inflammation was found by 8 weeks after two doses of intravitreal injection of vehicle, aflibercept, faricimab or EB-107BIe in monkeys.
[0066] Figure 16 shows quantitative analysis of changes in grade-IV CNV lesions with time after intravitreal ( “IVT” ) injections of vehicle, aflibercept, faricimab, and EB-107BIe in monkeys.
[0067] Figure 17 shows quantitative analysis of vascular leakage with time in laser-induced CNV after IVT injections of vehicle, aflibercept, faricimab, and EB-107BIe in monkeys.
[0068] Figure 18 shows representative images of slit-lamp photography to indicate the absence of inflammatory response in the anterior chamber after IVT injections of vehicle, aflibercept, faricimab, and EB-107BIe in monkeys.
[0069] Figure 19 shows representative images of optical coherence tomography (OCT) to indicate treatment with aflibercept, faricimab, and EB-107BIe remarkably inhibited the development of subretinal hyperreflective material ( “SHRM” ) by 8 weeks after IVT injections comparing with eyes receiving the vehicle in monkeys.
[0070] Figure 20 shows quantitative analysis of the average area of SHRM by 8 weeks after IVT injections of vehicle, aflibercept, faricimab, and EB-107BIe in monkeys.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0071] The terms “protein, ” “polypeptide, ” and “peptide” are used interchangeably herein to refer to a polymer of amino acid residues.
[0072] In general, the present invention provides a multispecific fusion or chimeric protein or an antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof that is capable of binding, or binding substantially, to at least DLL4 and one or more VEGF family members; thereby, reducing, inhibiting, or blocking DLL4 and VEGF family member signaling transduction. Certain embodiments of a multispecific fusion or chimeric protein or an antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof are further capable of binding, or binding substantially, to Ang-2; thereby, reducing or inhibiting signaling transduction of DLL4, one or more VEGF family members, and Ang-2.
[0073] A multispecific fusion protein of the present invention comprises a DLL4 binding unit capable of binding, or substantially binding, to DLL4 and a VEGF binding unit capable of binding, or substantially binding, to one or more VEGF family members with the proviso that when the multispecific fusion protein is a bispecific fusion protein, it does not comprise, or is devoid of, a VEGF antibody or a VEGF-binding fragment thereof.
[0074] In one aspect, a multispecific fusion protein of the present invention comprises a DLL4 binding unit and a VEGF binding unit with the proviso that when the multispecific fusion protein is a bispecific fusion protein that is capable of binding, or substantially binding, to DLL4 and one or more VEGF family members, the bispecific fusion protein does not comprise, or is devoid of, a CDR of a VEGF antibody or a VEGF-binding fragment thereof.
[0075] In another aspect, the multispecific fusion or chimeric protein comprises an antibody fusion or chimeric protein.
[0076] In this disclosure, the term “fusion protein” may be used in place of “fusion or chimeric protein. ”
[0077] In one aspect, an antibody fusion protein or an antigen-binding fragment thereof is a bispecific antibody fusion protein capable of binding, or substantially binding, to DLL4 and one or more VEGF family members; thereby, reducing or inhibiting signaling transduction of DLL4 and one or more VEGF family members.
[0078] In another aspect, an antibody fusion protein or an antigen-binding fragment thereof is a trispecific antibody fusion protein capable of binding, or substantially binding, to DLL4, one or more VEGF family members, and Ang-2; thereby, reducing or inhibiting signaling transduction of DLL4, one or more VEGF family members, and Ang-2.
[0079] In another aspect, a multispecific fusion or chimeric protein of the present invention comprises binding units that target and bind, or bind substantially, to DLL4 and one or more VEGF family members, and are linked together with the proviso that when the multispecific fusion protein is a bispecific fusion protein, a binding unit that targets and binds, or binds substantially, to one or more VEGF family members does not comprise, or is devoid of, a VEGF antibody or a VEGF-binding fragment thereof.
[0080] In still another aspect, a multispecific fusion or chimeric protein, or antigen-binding fragment thereof, of the present invention comprises binding units that target and bind, or bind substantially, to DLL4 and one or more VEGF family members, and are linked together with the proviso that when the multispecific fusion protein is a bispecific fusion protein, a binding unit that targets and binds, or binds substantially, to one or more VEGF family members does not comprise, or is devoid of, a complementarity determining region ( “CDR” ) of a VEGF antibody or a VEGF-binding fragment thereof.
[0081] In still another aspect, a multispecific fusion protein, or antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof, of the present invention comprises a DLL4-binding unit and a VEGF-binding unit with the proviso that when the multispecific fusion protein is a bispecific fusion protein, the VEGF-binding unit comprises an Ig-like domain selected from the group consisting of Ig-like domains of one or more VEGF receptors. In one aspect, VEGF family members that bind to such VEGF-binding unit include VEGF-A, VEGF-B, and PlGF. In another aspect, such family members are VEGF-A, VEGF-B, and PlGF. In still another aspect, said VEGF-binding unit comprises a plurality of Ig-like domains of one or more VEGF receptors. In some embodiments, the VEGF-binding unit comprises a plurality of Ig-like domains of a VEGF receptor selected from the group consisting of VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, and combinations thereof. In some other embodiments, said VEGF-binding unit comprises VEGFR-1-D2 and VEGFR-2-D3. In still some other embodiments, the VEGF-binding unit comprises VEGFR-1-D2 and VEGFR-2-D3 linked to an Fc domain of IgG1.
[0082] A multispecific fusion or chimeric protein of the present invention can further comprise a binding unit that targets and binds, or substantially binds, to Ang-2. Such binding units comprise, consist of, or consist essentially of antigen-binding domains or moieties that target and bind, or substantially bind, to DLL4, at least a VEGF family member, and Ang-2. In one aspect, when a multispecific fusion protein of the present invention target DLL4, at least a VEGF family member, and at least another ligand, a VEGF-binding unit included in such multispecific fusion protein may comprise a VEGF antibody or an antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof.
[0083] In still another aspect, a multispecific fusion protein of the present invention does not bind, or bind substantially, to Ang-1. In another aspect, an antibody fusion protein of the present invention has an affinity to Ang-1 that is less than about 10-3 times the affinity to Ang-2.
[0084] In another aspect, a multispecific fusion protein of the present invention comprises a DLL4-binding unit, or an antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof, linked to a VEGF-binding unit, wherein the DLL4-binding unit comprises a DLL4 antibody or a DLL4-binding polypeptide. An antibody fusion protein of the present invention can further comprise an Ang-2-binding unit linked to the DLL4-binding unit, or an antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof, or the VEGF-binding unit.
[0085] In some embodiments, at least one of the VEGF-binding unit and the Ang-2-binding unit is linked directly to the DLL4-binding unit, or an antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof.
[0086] In some other embodiments, one of the VEGF-binding unit and the Ang-2-binding unit is linked to the DLL4-binding unit, or an antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof, through an intervening polypeptide. In some embodiments, such an intervening polypeptide comprises an IgG1 Fc domain.
[0087] In yet another aspect, the Ang-2-binding unit comprises an antigen-binding fragment of an antibody against Ang-2 or an Ang-2-binding polypeptide.
[0088] In still another aspect, a VEGF-binding unit included in an multispecific fusion protein comprises an Ig-like domain selected from the group consisting of Ig-like domains of one or more VEGF receptors. A VEGF-binding unit binds, or substantially binds, to at least one of VEGF family members. In one aspect, such VEGF family members include VEGF-A, VEGF-B, and PlGF. In another aspect, such family members are VEGF-A, VEGF-B, and PlGF.
[0089] In still another aspect, an antibody fusion protein of the present invention comprises a DLL4-binding unit and a VEGF-binding unit; wherein the DLL4-binding unit comprises an antibody against DLL4 or a DLL4-binding fragment thereof, or a DLL4-binding peptide; and the VEGF-binding unit comprises a plurality of Ig-like domains of one or more VEGF receptors. In some embodiments, said VEGF-binding unit comprises a plurality of Ig-like domains of at least a VEGF receptor selected from the group consisting of VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, and combinations thereof. In some other embodiments, said VEGF-binding unit comprises VEGFR-1-D2 and VEGFR-2-D3. In some embodiments, the DLL4-binding peptide comprises one or more extracellular EGF-like repeats of the Notch1 receptor ( “DLL4-binding Notch1 polypeptide” ) . In some embodiments, such DLL4-binding Notch1 polypeptide comprises EGF-like repeats 11-13 of the Notch1 receptor. In still some other embodiments, such DLL4-binding Notch1 polypeptide is modified to increase the binding affinity for human DLL4, as described herein below.
[0090] In still another aspect, a multispecific fusion or chimeric protein of the present invention comprises a DLL4-binding unit and a VEGF-binding unit; wherein (1) the DLL4-binding unit comprises an antibody against DLL4 or a DLL4-binding fragment thereof, or a DLL4-binding peptide; and (2) the VEGF-binding unit comprises a plurality of Ig-like domains of one or more VEGF receptors, or a VEGF antibody or a VEGF-binding fragment thereof; with the proviso that when the multispecific fusion protein is a bispecific fusion protein, the VEGF-binding unit does not comprise, or is devoid of, a VEGF antibody or a VEGF-binding fragment thereof.
[0091] In still another aspect, a multispecific fusion protein of the present invention comprises a DLL4-binding unit, a VEGF-binding unit, and an Ang-2-binding unit; wherein the binding units are linked together directly or indirectly through a polypeptide; and wherein the VEGF-binding unit comprises: (1) a plurality of Ig-like domains of one or more VEGF receptors; or (2) a VEGF antibody, a VEGF-binding fragment thereof, or at least a CDR thereof. In some embodiments, said VEGF-binding unit comprises a plurality of Ig-like domains of at least a VEGF receptor selected from the group consisting of VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, and combinations thereof. In some other embodiments, said VEGF-binding unit comprises VEGFR-1-D2 and VEGFR-2-D3. In still some other embodiments, said VEGF-binding unit comprises CDRs of the heavy chain and light chain of a VEGF antibody. The DLL4-binding unit and the Ang-2-binding unit can comprise any respective construct described herein.
[0092] In still another aspect, a multispecific fusion protein of the present invention comprises a DLL4-binding unit, a VEGF-binding unit, and an Ang-2-binding unit; wherein the binding units are linked together directly or indirectly through a polypeptide; the DLL4-binding unit comprises an antibody against DLL4 or an antigen-binding fragment thereof, or a DLL4-binding polypeptide; the VEGF-binding unit comprises: (1) a plurality of Ig-like domains of one or more VEGF receptors; or (2) a VEGF antibody, a VEGF-binding fragment thereof, or at least a CDR thereof; and the Ang-2-binding unit comprises a single domain antibody against Ang-2 ( “Ang-2 sdAb” ) or an Ang-2-binding polypeptide.
[0093] In still another aspect, said DLL4 is human DLL4, said Ang-2 is human Ang-2, and said VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 are human VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2.
[0094] In still another aspect, a multispecific fusion protein of the present invention, or an antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof, comprises an antibody against DLL4 linked to an Ang-2-binding unit and a VEGF-binding unit; wherein the antibody against DLL4 comprises a full-length antibody, a DLL4-binding fragment thereof, or an sdAb directed against DLL4 ( “DLL4 sdAb” ) . In some embodiments, the DLL4-binding antibody fragment comprises complementarity determining regions ( “CDRs” ) of the heavy chain and the light chain of a DLL4 antibody, such as a Fab, F (ab’) 2, or scFv fragment derived from a DLL4 antibody. In some other embodiments, the DLL4-binding antibody fragment comprises fewer than all CDRs of the heavy chain and the light chain of a DLL4 antibody.
[0095] In one aspect, the Ang-2-binding unit comprises an Ang-2 sdAb or an Ang-2-binding polypeptide.
[0096] In yet another aspect, an antibody fusion protein of the present invention comprises an Fc domain of human IgG1.
[0097] In still another aspect, said VEGF-binding unit comprises human VEGFR-1-D2 linked to human VEGFR-2-D3, directly or through a peptide linker. Such peptide linker, when used, is preferably a short peptide linker, such as having fewer than 20 amino acid residues. Peptide linkers are known in the art, such as peptides comprising glycine, serine, and / or threonine residues. Common peptide linkers comprise short sequences of glycine and serine residues. The amino acid sequences of human VEGFR-1-D2 and VEGFR-2-D3 are shown below as SEQ ID NO: 1 and SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0098] In yet another aspect, said VEGF-binding unit comprises: (a) human VEGFR-1-D2; (b) human VEGFR-2-D3; and (c) an Fc domain of IgG1; wherein the VEGFR-1-D2 and VEGFR-2-D3 are linked in series. In some embodiments, the C-terminus of VEGFR-2-D3 is linked to the N-terminus of the Fc domain. In other embodiments, the C-terminus of VEGFR-1-D2 is linked to the N-terminus of the Fc domain. The amino acid sequence of Fc domain of human IgG1 is shown below as SEQ ID NO: 3.
[0099] In yet another aspect, a DLL4 sdAb or Ang-2 sdAb, or an antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof, comprises the heavy-chain variable region of a heavy-chain antibody (VHH) against DLL4 or Ang-2, respectively. Such an sdAb can bind specifically to DLL4 or Ang-2, respectively, without requiring a complementary variable region as in a conventional four-chain immunoglobulin molecule.
[0100] As disclosed herein, an “antigen-binding fragment or domain” of an antibody refers to a fragment or portion of such antibody, which fragment or portion is capable of binding, or binding substantially, to the antigen. In one embodiment, an antigen-binding fragment or domain of such antibody comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of a variable domain of the heavy chain (VH) of such antibody. In another embodiment, an antigen-binding fragment or domain of such antibody comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of a variable domain of the heavy chain (VH) and a variable domain of the light chain (VL) of such antibody. In still another embodiment, an antigen-binding fragment or domain of such antibody comprises CDRs of the variable domains of such antibody.
[0101] An sdAb included in some embodiments of the present invention consists essentially of three CDRs of an antibody heavy chain, each CDR being flanked by framework domains. Such sdAb lacks the CH1 domain of the antibody heavy chain. Despite possessing only three CDRs, sdAbs show equivalent antigen-binding affinity and other effector functions compared to conventional antibodies comprising six CDRs (three CDRs of the heavy chain and three CDRs of the light chain) . Single-domain antibodies are described, for example, in Bathula et al., Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Vol. 36, No. 2, 109-122 (2021) ; Muyldermans et al., Trends in Biochem. Sci., Vol. 26, No. 4, 230-235 (2001) ; Tang et al., Int. J. Mol. Sci., Vol. 24, 4176-4194 (2023) .
[0102] A DLL4 sdAb or Ang-2 sdAb that can be included in embodiments of the present invention is capable of binding to its corresponding ligand (DLL4 or Ang-2) with an equilibrium dissociation constant (KD) in the range from about 1x10-6 M to 1x10-12 M. In some embodiments, the DLL4 sdAb or Ang-2 sdAb is capable of binding to its corresponding ligand with KD in the range from about 1x10-7 M to about 1x10-12 M. In some other embodiments, the DLL4 sdAb or Ang-2 sdAb is capable of binding to its corresponding ligand with KD in the range from about 1x10-8 M to about 1x10-12 M. In still some embodiments, the DLL4 sdAb or Ang-2 sdAb is capable of binding to its corresponding ligand with KD in the range from about 1x10-9 M to about 1x10-12 M.
[0103] FIRST EMBODIMENT OF THE ANTIBODY FUSION PROTEINS OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
[0104] In one aspect, a first embodiment of the multispecific antibody fusion proteins of the present invention is a bispecific antibody fusion protein and comprises: (a) a DLL4-binding unit that comprises an antibody against DLL4 ( “DLL4 antibody” ) comprising a heavy chain and a light chain; and (b) a VEGF-binding unit that does not comprise, or is devoid of, a VEGF antibody, a VEGF-binding fragment thereof, or a CDR thereof, which VEGF-binding unit is linked directly or indirectly to the DLL4 antibody.
[0105] In another aspect, a first embodiment of the multispecific antibody fusion proteins of the present invention is a bispecific antibody fusion protein and comprises: (a) a DLL4-binding unit that comprises DLL4 antibody comprising a heavy chain and a light chain; and (b) a VEGF-binding unit comprising VEGFR-1-D2 and VEGFR-2-D3, linked together in series; wherein a C-terminus of the VEGF-binding unit is linked directly or indirectly through a peptide linker to an N-terminus of the light chain of the DLL4 antibody. See Figure ( “Fig. ” ) 1. Alternatively, the C-terminus of the VEGF-binding unit is linked to the N-terminus of the heavy chain of the DLL4 antibody. In one aspect, the C-terminus of the heavy chain of the DLL4 antibody is the C-terminus of the Fc domain of an IgG1.
[0106] In one variant of the first embodiment, the DLL4-binding unit of the first embodiment of the antibody fusion proteins of the present invention comprises: (1) the CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3 of a heavy chain of a DLL4 antibody linked to at least one of CH2 and CH3 of the Fc domain of IgG1; and (2) the CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3 of the light chain of the DLL4 antibody. Such heavy-chain and light-chain CDRs may be flanked by the respective framework regions of human IgG1.
[0107] The amino acid sequences disclosed or claimed herein also encompass conservative amino acid substitutions in these sequences, which do not generally alter the biological activity of the proteins or peptides. The most commonly occurring substitutions are Ala / Ser, Val / Ile, Asp / Glu, Thr / Ser, Ala / Gly, Ala / Thr, Ser / Asn, Ala / Val, Ser / Gly, Ala / Pro, Lys / Arg, Asp / Asn, Leu / Ile, Leu / Val, Ala / Glu and Asp / Gly, in both directions.
[0108] A non-limiting example of a DLL4 antibody is enoticumab described in; e.g., US Patent 7,488,806 (assigned to Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. ) . The amino acid sequences of the heavy and light chains of enoticumab are shown in SEQ ID NO: 4 and SEQ ID NO: 5. Additional non-limiting examples of DLL4 antibodies are disclosed in US Patents 7,488,806; 7,750,124 (assigned to OncoMed Pharmaceuticals, Inc. ) ; 8,858,941 (assigned to OncoMed Pharmaceuticals, Inc. ) ; and 8,192,738 (assigned to MedImmune, LLC) . The foregoing patents are incorporated herein by reference to the extent of the disclosure of the DLL4 antibodies and their manufacture and uses. For example, the DLL4 antibody 21M18 (demcizumab) , 21R79, 21R75, or 21R83 of US Patent 8,858,941 may be used to produce embodiments of the antibody fusion proteins of the present invention.
[0109] In other non-limiting examples, the antibody heavy-and light-chain variable regions disclosed in US Patents 8,192,738 may be linked directly to the constant domains of the heavy chain and light chain of human IgG1 to produce DLL4 antibodies that may be used to construct embodiments of the antibody fusion proteins of the present invention.
[0110] Two bispecific fusion proteins were constructed (denoted as EB-107BIa-7CC and EB-107BIa-7CD) . Each fusion protein comprises: (a) enoticumab (a DLL4 antibody) comprising a heavy chain and a light chain; and (b) a VEGF-binding unit comprising VEGFR-1-D2 and VEGFR-2-D3, linked in series; wherein the C-terminus of the VEGF-binding unit is linked directly (EB-107BIa-7CC) or indirectly through a short peptide liker (EB-107BIa-7CD) to the N-terminus of the light chain of enoticumab. The short peptide linker has the sequence of GGGGSGGGGSGGGGS.
[0111] The complete amino acid sequences of the heavy chain and the light chain of each of these fusion proteins are disclosed in SEQ ID NO: 12 through SEQ ID NO: 15.
[0112] Other bispecific fusion proteins having the same binding units may be constructed, wherein the C-terminus of the VEGF-binding unit is linked to the N-terminus of the heavy chain of enoticumab.
[0113] Still other bispecific fusion proteins of the first embodiment may be constructed, wherein the DLL4 antibody comprises one of the antibodies disclosed above in US Patent 7,488,806 or 8,848,841, or antibodies produced from antibody heavy-chain and light-chain variable regions disclosed above in US Patent 8,192,738.
[0114] Still other bispecific fusion proteins of the first embodiment may be constructed, wherein the DLL4-binding unit comprises: (1) the CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3 of the heavy chain ( “HCCDR1, ” “HCCDR2, ” and “HCCDR3” ) of enoticumab (shown as SEQ ID NO: 16, 17, and 18, respectively) linked to at least one of CH2 and CH3 of the Fc domain of IgG1; and (2) the CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3 of the light chain ( “LCCDR1, ” LCCDR2, ” and “LCCDR3” ) of enoticumab (shown as SEQ ID NO: 19, 20, and 21, respectively) .
[0115] Still other bispecific fusion proteins of the first embodiment may be constructed, wherein the DLL4-binding unit comprises: (1) the HCCDR1, HCCDR2, and HCCDR3 of another DLL4 antibody disclosed in US Patent 8,858,941 or 8,192,738, linked to at least one of CH2 and CH3 of the Fc domain of IgG1; and (2) the LCCDR1, LCCDR2, and LCCDR3 of said another DLL4 antibody.
[0116] SECOND EMBODIMENT OF THE ANTIBODY FUSION PROTEINS OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
[0117] In one aspect, a second embodiment of the multispecific antibody fusion proteins of the present invention comprises: (a) a DLL4-binding unit that comprises a DLL4 antibody comprising a heavy chain and a light chain; (b) a VEGF-binding unit; and (c) an Ang-2-binding unit; wherein a C-terminus of the VEGF-binding unit is linked directly or indirectly through a peptide linker to an N-terminus of the light chain of the DLL4 antibody; and an N-terminus of the Ang-2-binding unit is linked through a peptide linker to the C-terminus of the heavy chain of the DLL4 antibody. A second embodiment of the multispecific antibody fusion proteins of the present invention is shown in Fig. 2. Alternatively, the C-terminus of the VEGF-binding unit is linked to the N-terminus of the heavy chain of the DLL4 antibody. In one aspect, the C-terminus of the heavy chain of the DLL4 antibody is the C-terminus of the Fc domain of an IgG1.
[0118] In another aspect, the VEGF-binding unit of said second embodiment comprises VEGFR-1-D2 and VEGFR-2-D3, linked together in series.
[0119] In still another aspect, the VEGF-binding unit of said second embodiment comprises a VEGF-binding fragment of a VEGF antibody. Non-limiting examples of such VEGF-binding fragment are Fv, scFv, and Fab fragments of a VEGF antibody. Non-limiting examples of VEGF antibodies include bevacizumab, ranibizumab, and those described in US Patent 9,815,893 and US Patent Application Publication 2011 / 0076279.
[0120] In another aspect, the Ang-2-binding unit included in the second embodiment comprises an Ang-2-binding polypeptide or an Ang-2 sdAb.
[0121] Non-limiting examples of an Ang-2-binding peptides are shown in SEQ ID NO: 6 through SEQ ID NO: 11. Other Ang-2-binding polypeptides that may be used to construct a fusion protein of the second embodiment are disclosed, for example, in US Patents 7,138,370 and 7,205,275, which are incorporated herein by reference to the extent of the disclosure of the Ang-2-binding polypeptides and their manufacture and uses.
[0122] The present inventors discovered through their own research Ang-2 sdAbs that can be included in a multispecific antibody fusion protein of the present invention. The amino acid sequences of these Ang-2 sdAbs are shown in SEQ ID NO: 37 through SEQ ID NO: 44.
[0123] In one variant of the second embodiment, the DLL4-binding unit of the second embodiment of the antibody fusion proteins of the present invention comprises: (1) the HCCDR1, HCCDR2, and HCCDR3 of enoticumab linked to at least one of CH2 and CH3 of the Fc domain of IgG1; and (2) the LCCDR1, LCCDR2, and LCCDR3 of enoticumab. Such heavy-chain and light-chain CDRs may be flanked by the respective framework regions of human IgG1, and the resulting heavy-chain and light-chain variable regions may be linked to the respective constant domains of human IgG1.
[0124] Still other trispecific antibody fusion proteins of the second embodiment may be constructed; wherein the DLL4-binding unit comprises: (1) the HCCDR1, HCCDR2, and HCCDR3 of another DLL4 antibody disclosed in US Patent 8,858,941 or 8,192,738, linked to at least one of CH2 and CH3 of the Fc domain of IgG1; and (2) the LCCDR1, LCCDR2, and LCCDR3 of said another DLL4 antibody.
[0125] Flexible linkers having various lengths may be used to link an Ang-2-binding polypeptide to the C-terminus of the Fc domain of the heavy chain of the DLL4 antibody. Non-limiting examples of peptide linkers may be those including or consisting of a motif of (GGGGS) x (x=1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10) . Specific examples of such flexible linkers are GGGGSGGGGSGGGGS, GGGGSGGGGS, and GGGGSGGGS.
[0126] One of the flexible linkers disclosed herein above may be used to link the N-terminus of the Ang-2-binding polypeptide or sdAb to the C-terminus of the Fc domain of the DLL4 antibody.
[0127] Non-limiting examples of DLL4 antibodies are disclosed herein above.
[0128] Trispecific fusion proteins of the second embodiment were constructed. Each fusion protein comprises: (a) enoticumab (a DLL4 antibody) comprising a heavy chain and a light chain; (b) a VEGF-binding unit comprising VEGFR-1-D2 and VEGFR-2-D3, linked in series; and (c) an Ang-2-binding polypeptide having an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 6 through SEQ ID NO: 11; wherein the C-terminus of the VEGF-binding unit is linked to the N-terminus of the light chain of enoticumab; and the C-terminus of the heavy chain of enoticumab is linked to the N-terminus of the Ang-2-binding polypeptide.
[0129] Four such fusion proteins were constructed (denoted as EB-107BIa-7CA, EB-107BIa-7CB, EB-107BIa-Con4-40CA, and EB-107BIa-Con4-40CB) that comprise Ang-2-binding polypeptide having SEQ ID NO: 6 (EB-107BIa-7CA and EB-107BIa-7CB) or SEQ ID NO: 11 (EB-107BIa-Con4-40CA and EB-107BIa-Con4-40CB) .
[0130] The complete amino acid sequences of the heavy chains and the light chains of EB-107BIa-7CA, EB-107BIa-7CB, EB-107BIa-Con4-40CA, and EB-107BIa-Con4-40CB are shown in SEQ ID NO: 22 through SEQ ID NO: 29.
[0131] THIRD EMBODIMENT OF THE FUSION PROTEINS OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
[0132] In one aspect, a third embodiment of the antibody fusion proteins of the present invention comprises two fusion polypeptides, each of which comprises: (a) a DLL4-binding unit comprising an O-fucose-and Fringe-modified DLL4-binding Notch1 polypeptide ( “Modified DLL4-binding Notch1 polypeptide” ) that comprises extracellular EGF-like repeats 11-13 of the Notch1 receptor; and (b) a VEGF-binding unit comprising VEGFR-1-D2 and VEGFR-2-D3, linked in series; and (c) an Fc domain of IgG1; wherein a C-terminus of the VEGF-binding unit is linked to an N-terminus of the Fc domain, and the N-terminus of the VEGF-binding unit is linked to the C-terminus of the Modified DLL4-biding Notch1 polypeptide. See Fig. 3. The N-terminus of the VEGF-binding unit is linked to the C-terminus of the Modified DLL4-binding Notch1 polypeptide directly or through a flexible linker. Flexible linkers disclosed herein above, or other flexible linkers known in the art, may be used. The two fusion polypeptides are crosslinked at the hinge region of the Fc domain.
[0133] The Modified DLL4-binding Notch1 polypeptide comprises the extracellular EGF-like repeats 11-13 (amino acids at position 412 through position 527, SEQ ID NO: 30) of the Notch1 receptor, wherein a fucose molecule is attached thereto by O-glycosidic linkage ( “O-fucose” ) in the presence of a Fringe glycosyltransferase. This modification of the EGF-like repeats 11-13 dramatically increases the binding affinity of the DLL4-binding unit for human DLL4 and also functionally inhibits the DLL4 / Notch1 interaction. These benefits are realized in this invention by the ability to generate plasmids to co-express the fusion polypeptide and human Lunatic Fringe ( “LFNG” ) glycosyltransferase (SEQ ID NO: 31) to add an O-fucose monosaccharide or the Fringe-extended forms of O-fucose to the EGF-like repeats 11-13.
[0134] In one aspect, the O-fucose was attached to the EGF-like repeat 12.
[0135] In another aspect, the O-fucose was attached to the sequence CQNDATC of the EGF-like repeat 12.
[0136] In another aspect, the O-fucose was attached to threonine at position 466 (Thr466) (as numbered from the N-terminus of the Notch1 receptor) within the EGF-like repeat 12.
[0137] Two bispecific fusion proteins (denoted as EB-107BIc and EB-107BId) of the third embodiment were constructed. The fusion protein comprises two fusion polypeptides, each comprising: (a) a Modified DLL4-binding Notch1 polypeptide that comprises extracellular EGF-like repeats 11-13 of the Notch1 receptor modified by a fucose attached thereto by an O-glycosidic linkage; and (b) a VEGF-binding unit comprising VEGFR-1-D2 and VEGFR-2-D3, linked in series; and (c) an Fc domain of IgG1; wherein a C-terminus of the VEGF-binding unit is linked to an N-terminus of the Fc domain, the N-terminus of the VEGF-binding unit is linked to the C-terminus of the Modified DLL4-biding Notch1 polypeptide through a peptide linker.
[0138] The complete amino acid sequences of a fusion polypeptide of EB-107BIc and EB-107BId are shown in SEQ ID NO: 34 and SEQ ID NO: 35, respectively.
[0139] FOURTH EMBODIMENT OF THE FUSION PROTEINS OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
[0140] In one aspect, a fourth embodiment of the antibody fusion proteins of the present invention comprises two fusion polypeptides, each of which comprises: (a) a Modified DLL4-binding Notch1 polypeptide; and (b) a VEGF-binding unit comprising VEGFR-1-D2 and VEGFR-2-D3, linked in series; (c) an Fc domain of IgG1; and (d) an Ang-2-binding polypeptide; wherein a C-terminus of the VEGF-binding unit is linked to an N-terminus of the Fc domain, the N-terminus of the VEGF-binding unit is linked to the C-terminus of the Modified DLL4-biding Notch1 polypeptide, and the C-terminus of the Fc domain is linked to the N-terminus of the Ang-2-binding polypeptide. See Fig. 4. The Modified DLL4-binding Notch1 polypeptide is disclosed herein above. The N-terminus of the VEGF-binding unit is linked to the C-terminus of the Modified DLL4-binding Notch1 polypeptide directly or through a flexible linker. Flexible linkers disclosed herein above, or other flexible linkers known in the art, may be used. The two fusion polypeptides are crosslinked at the hinge region of the Fc domain.
[0141] The Ang-2-binding polypeptides disclosed herein above, including SEQ ID NO: 6 through SEQ ID NO: 11, may be used to construct a fusion protein of the fourth embodiment.
[0142] Two trispecific fusion proteins of the fourth embodiment (denoted as EB-107BIe and EB-107BIf) were constructed. Each fusion protein comprises two fusion polypeptides, each comprising: (a) a Modified DLL4-binding Notch1 polypeptide; (b) a VEGF-binding unit comprising VEGFR-1-D2 and VEGFR-2-D3, linked in series; (c) an Fc domain of IgG1; and (d) Ang-2-binding polypeptide having SEQ ID NO: 6; wherein the C-terminus of the VEGF-binding unit is linked to an N-terminus of the Fc domain, the N-terminus of the VEGF-binding unit is linked to the C-terminus of the Modified DLL4-binding Notch1 polypeptide, and the N-terminus of the Ang-2-binding polypeptide is linked to the C-terminus of the Fc domain. The N-terminus of the VEGF-binding unit is linked to the C-terminus of the Modified DLL4-binding Notch1 polypeptide through a flexible linker. The N-terminus of the Ang-2-binding polypeptide is linked to the C-terminus of the Fc domain through a flexible linker.
[0143] The complete amino acid sequences of a fusion polypeptide of EB-107BIe and EB-107BIf are shown in SEQ ID NO: 34 and SEQ ID NO: 35, respectively.
[0144] A control antibody fusion protein (denoted as EB-107BIg) was constructed that comprises: (a) a DLL4-binding unit comprising EGF-like repeats 11-13; (b) a VEGF-binding unit comprising VEGFR-1-D2 and VEGFR-2-D3, linked in series; (c) Ang-2-binding polypeptide having SEQ ID NO: 6; and (d) an Fc domain of IgG1; wherein the C-terminus of the VEGF-binding unit is linked to an N-terminus of the Fc domain, the N-terminus of the VEGF-binding unit is linked to the C-terminus of the DLL4-binding unit. The EGF-like repeats 11-13 included in EB-107BIg are not modified by addition of O-fucose.
[0145] The complete amino acid sequence of a fusion polypeptide of EB-107BIg is shown in SEQ ID NO: 36.
[0146] FIFTH EMBODIMENT OF THE FUSION PROTEINS OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
[0147] In one aspect, a fifth embodiment of the antibody fusion proteins of the present invention comprises two fusion polypeptides, each of which comprises: (a) a Modified DLL4-binding Notch1 polypeptide; and (b) a VEGF-binding unit comprising VEGFR-1-D2 and VEGFR-2-D3, linked in series; (c) an Fc domain of IgG1; and (d) an Ang-2 sdAb; wherein a C-terminus of the VEGF-binding unit is linked to an N-terminus of the Fc domain, the N-terminus of the VEGF-binding unit is linked to the C-terminus of the Modified DLL4-biding Notch1 polypeptide, and the C-terminus of the Fc domain is linked to the N-terminus of the Ang-2 sdAb. See Fig. 5. The Modified DLL4-binding Notch1 polypeptide is disclosed herein above. The N-terminus of the VEGF-binding unit is linked to the C-terminus of the Modified DLL4-binding Notch1 polypeptide directly or through a flexible linker. Flexible linkers disclosed herein above, or other flexible linkers known in the art, may be used. The two fusion polypeptides are crosslinked at the hinge region of the Fc domain.
[0148] Non-limiting examples of Ang-2 sdAbs are disclosed herein above (SEQ ID NO: 37 through SEQ ID NO: 44) .
[0149] Three trispecific fusion proteins of the fifth embodiment (denoted as EB-107BIh, EB-107BIj, and EB-107BIk) were constructed. Each fusion protein comprises two fusion polypeptides, each comprising: (a) a Modified DLL4-binding Notch1 polypeptide; (b) a VEGF-binding unit comprising VEGFR-1-D2 and VEGFR-2-D3, linked in series; (c) Ang-2 sdAb having SEQ ID NO: 38 (for EB-107BIh) , SEQ ID NO: 39 (for EB-107BIj) , or SEQ ID NO: 37 (for EB-107BIk) ; and (d) an Fc domain of IgG1; wherein the C-terminus of the VEGF-binding unit is linked to an N-terminus of the Fc domain, the N-terminus of the VEGF-binding unit is linked to the C-terminus of the Modified DLL4-binding Notch1 polypeptide through a flexible linker, and the N-terminus of the Ang-2 sdAb is linked to the C-terminus of the Fc domain through a flexible linker. Some non-limiting examples of such linkers are GGGGSGGGGSGGGGS, GGGGSGGGGS, and GGGGSGGGS.
[0150] The complete amino acid sequences of a fusion polypeptide of EB-107BIh, EB-107BIj, and EB-107BIk are shown in SEQ ID NO: 45, SEQ ID NO: 46, and SEQ ID NO: 47, respectively.
[0151] In another aspect, other embodiments of trispecific antibody fusion proteins are provided. One such trispecific antibody fusion protein comprises: (a) a heterodimeric antibody against DLL4 and a VEGF family member, which heterodimeric antibody comprises two different heavy chains of an antibody against DLL4 and an antibody against the VEGF family member, and a common light chain; and (b) an Ang-2-binding unit comprising an Ang-2-binding peptide or an Ang-2 sdAb, an N-terminus of which is linked to a C-terminus of each of the heavy chains of the heterodimeric antibody. Non-limiting examples of such heterodimeric antibodies include navicixizumab and those disclosed in US Patent 8,858,941 and 10,730,940 (assigned to OncoMed Pharmaceuticals, Inc. ) . Non-limiting examples of Ang-2-binding peptides and Ang-2 sdAbs are disclosed herein above. Alternatively, the C-terminus of the Ang-2-binding unit is linked to the N-terminus of the light chain of the heterodimeric antibody.
[0152] In still another aspect, other embodiments of trispecific antibody fusion proteins are provided. One such trispecific antibody fusion protein comprises: (a) a dual-variable-domain antibody against DLL4 and a VEGF family member; and (b) an Ang-2-binding unit comprising an Ang-2-binding peptide or an Ang-2 sdAb; wherein the dual variable-domain antibody comprises a heavy chain and a light chain, each comprising a variable domain of an antibody against DLL4 and a variable domain of antibody against a VEGF family member, linked together directly or through a linker. The N-terminus of the Ang-2-binding peptide or the Ang-2 sdAb may be linked to the C-terminus of the heavy chain of the dual variable-domain antibody, or the C-terminus of the Ang-2-binding peptide or the Ang-2 sdAb may be linked to the N-terminus of the light chain of the dual variable-domain antibody. Non-limiting examples of dual variable-domain antibodies are disclosed in US patent 9,163,093, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference to the extent of the disclosure of such antibodies and their manufacture and uses.
[0153] In still another aspect, other embodiments of trispecific antibody fusion proteins are provided. One such trispecific antibody fusion protein comprises: (a) a VEGF antibody linked to an scFv that is capable of binding, or substantially binding, to DLL4 ( “DLL4 scFv” ) ; and (b) an Ang-2-binding peptide or Ang-2 sdAb; wherein the Ang-2-binding peptide or Ang-2 sdAb is linked to the VEGF antibody or the DLL4 scFv. For example, in one embodiment, the C-terminus of the heavy chain of the VEGF antibody is linked to the N-terminus of the DLL4 scFv, and the C-terminus of the DLL4 scFv is linked to the N-terminus of the Ang-2-binding peptide or Ang-2 sdAb. In another embodiment, the C-terminus of the heavy chain of the VEGF antibody is linked to the N-terminus of the DLL4 scFv, and the C-terminus of the Ang-2-binding peptide or Ang-2 sdAb is linked to the N-terminus of the light chain of the VEGF antibody. Non-limiting examples of a VEGF antibody linked to a DLL4 scFv are disclosed in US Patent 10,184,010, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference to the extent of the disclosure of such antibodies and their manufacture and uses.
[0154] In another aspect, other embodiments of trispecific antibody fusion proteins are provided. One such trispecific antibody fusion protein comprises: (a) a heterodimeric antibody against DLL4 and a VEGF family member, which heterodimeric antibody comprises: (a) a heavy chain and a light chain of a VEGF antibody; (b) a heavy chain and a light chain of a DLL4 antibody; and (c) an Ang-2-binding peptide or Ang-2 sdAb; wherein the constant domain of the light chain of the light chain of the DLL4 antibody is replaced with the CH1 domain of the heavy chain of the DLL4 antibody, and vice versa. In one embodiment, the N-terminus of the Ang-2-binding peptide or Ang-2 sdAb may be linked to the C-terminus of the heavy chain of the VEGF antibody or the DLL4 antibody. In another embodiment, the C-terminus of the Ang-2-binding peptide or Ang-2 sdAb may be linked to the N-terminus of the light chain of the VEGF antibody or the DLL4 antibody. Non-limiting examples of such heterodimeric antibodies against DLL4 and VEGF are disclosed in Chinese Patent 109666073B.
[0155] A DLL4-binding unit included in a trispecific antibody fusion protein of the present invention is capable of binding DLL4 with KD in the range from about 1x10-6 M to about 1x10-12 M. In some embodiments, said KD is in the range from about 1x10-7 M to about 1x10-12 M. In some other embodiments, said KD in the range from about 1x10-8 M to about 1x10-12 M. In still some embodiments, said KD is in the range from about 1x10-9 M to about 1x10-12 M. As a result, said antibody fusion protein substantially inhibits biological activity of DLL4 in promoting at least one of angiogenesis, inflammation, and fibrosis; thereby, controlling a pathological condition having etiology in at least one of aberrant angiogenesis, inflammation, and fibrosis.
[0156] An Ang-2-binding unit included in a trispecific antibody fusion protein of the present invention is capable of binding Ang-2 with KD in the range from about 1x10-6 M to about 1x10-12 M. In some embodiments, said KD is in the range from about 1x10-7 M to about 1x10-12 M. In some other embodiments, said KD in the range from about 1x10-8 M to about 1x10-12 M. In still some embodiments, said KD is in the range from about 1x10-9 M to about 1x10-12 M. As a result, said antibody fusion protein substantially inhibits biological activity of Ang-2 in promoting angiogenesis and increased vascular permeability; thereby, controlling a pathological condition having etiology in aberrant angiogenesis and vascular leakage.
[0157] A VEGF-binding unit included in a trispecific antibody fusion protein of the present invention is capable of binding at least one of VEGF-A, VEGF-B, and PlGF with KD in the range from about 1x10-6 M to about 1x10-12 M. In some embodiments, said KD is in the range from about 1x10-7 M to about 1x10-12 M. In some other embodiments, said KD in the range from about 1x10-8 M to about 1x10-12 M. In still some other embodiments, said KD is in the range from about 1x10-9 M to about 1x10-12 M. As a result, said antibody fusion protein substantially inhibits biological activity of said at least one of said VEGF family members in promoting angiogenesis; thereby, controlling a pathological condition having etiology in aberrant angiogenesis and vascular leakage.
[0158] In some embodiments, the present invention also provides a binding construct that comprises, consists of, or consists essentially of a plurality of multispecific antibody fusion or chimeric proteins, herein described, that are linked to or associated with each other by covalent bonds or other forms of attachment; wherein the multispecific antibody fusion proteins of such binding construct may be the same or different. Such binding construct of the present invention is capable of binding DLL4 and at least one of VEGF-A, VEGF-B, and PlGF, and in certain embodiments, Ang-2, with high affinity. In the case where the multispecific antibody fusion proteins are different, each can comprise a different binding unit against Ang-2, DLL4, or VEGF family members, selected from the binding units disclosed herein.
[0159] A multispecific antibody fusion protein or a binding construct may further include a heterologous peptide or other chemical moieties. Such additions can modify its properties such as stability, solubility, toxicity, serum half-life, immunogenicity, detectability, or other properties.
[0160] The term “high affinity” is used in a physiological context pertaining to the relative affinity of the multispecific antibody fusion protein for DLL4 and the VEGF family members in vivo in a mammal, such as a laboratory test animal, a domesticated farm or pet animal, or a human. Multispecific antibody fusion proteins binding DLL4 and the VEGF family members, and in certain embodiments, Ang-2, in the present invention can have characteristic affinities for their ligands in vivo, typically measured in terms of sub-nanomolar values of equilibrium dissociation constants (KD) . For the purposes of this invention, a multispecific antibody fusion protein of the present invention can bind to its targeted ligand with a KD less than or equal to about 1, or about 5, or about 10, or about 50, or about 100, or about 500, or about 1000 times the KD of the natural ligand / receptor pair.
[0161] A multispecific antibody fusion proteins of the present invention is capable of binding to DLL4 and at least a VEGF family member, and in certain embodiments, Ang-2, with an equilibrium dissociation constant (KD) in the range from about 1x10-6 M to 1x10-12 M. In some embodiments, the KD value is in the range from about 1x10-7 M to about 1x10-12 M, or from about 1x10-8 M to about 1x10-12 M, or from about 1x10-9 M to about 1x10-12 M.
[0162] In another aspect, a multispecific antibody fusion protein may comprise more than one of each of the DLL-4-binding unit, the VEGF-binding unit, and in certain embodiments, the Ang-2-binding unit.
[0163] In one aspect, the amino acid sequences of the non-limiting various portions or embodiments of a multispecific antibody fusion protein of the present invention are listed in Table 1.
[0164] Table 1
[0165] Amino Acid Sequences
[0166] In another aspect, the nucleic acid sequences encoding the amino acid sequences of Table 1 are listed in Table 2.
[0167] Table 2
[0168] Nucleic Acid Sequences
[0169] In yet another aspect, a multispecific antibody fusion or chimeric protein of the present invention comprises an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%identical to any one of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 47.
[0170] In still another aspect, a multispecific antibody fusion or chimeric protein of the present invention comprises an amino acid sequence that is at least 95%identical to any one of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 47.
[0171] In still another aspect, the present invention provides a multispecific fusion protein comprising polypeptides having a pair of amino acid sequences selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 12 and 13, 14 and 15, 22 and 23, 24 and 25, 26 and 27, and 28 and 29.
[0172] In still another aspect, the present invention provides a multispecific fusion protein comprising a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 32-36 and 45-47.
[0173] In still another aspect, one or more amino acid substitutions can be made in any one of the above-described amino acid sequences. Preferably, such substitution is a conservative substitution, wherein an amino acid in one of the following groups is substituted with another in the same group: (1) A, G; (2) D, E; (3) N, Q; (4) R, K; (5) I, L, M, V; (6) F, Y, W; (7) S, T; and (8) C, M; and such substitution is selected so as to preserve substantially the binding activity of the fusion protein. In one embodiment, a multispecific antibody fusion protein of the present invention having a conservative substitution has a KD value for DLL4, VEGF-A, VEGF-B, PlGF, or Ang-2 ligand less than about 120%of that before such substitution. Preferably, the KD value is less than about 110%of that before such substitution. More preferably, the KD value is less than about 105%of that before such substitution. Still more preferably, the KD value is less than about 100%of that before such substitution.
[0174] In addition, the amino acid sequences disclosed or claimed herein also encompass their “conservatively modified variants, ” which are the results of a substitution, deletion, or addition of a single amino acid or a small percentage of amino acids (such as ≤ 5, ≤ 4, ≤ 3, ≤ 2, or ≤ 1%) in the original sequence of a peptide, polypeptide, or protein sequence that does not substantially alter the biological activity of the original peptide, polypeptide, or protein. For example, such conservatively modified variants can retain about ≥ 95, ≥ 96, ≥ 97, ≥ 98, ≥ 99, or 100%of the biological activity of the original peptide, polypeptide, or protein.
[0175] Most conservative substitutions are not expected to produce radical changes in the characteristics of the Ig-like domain or other domains of the fusion protein. However, when it is difficult to predict the exact effect of the substitution in advance of doing so, one skilled in the art will appreciate that the effect can be evaluated by routine screening assays. For example, an Ig-like domain or other domain variant typically is made by site-specific mutagenesis of the nucleic acid encoding the intact fusion polypeptide, expression of the variant nucleic acid in recombinant cell culture, purification of the variant fusion polypeptide from the cell culture, and detecting the ability of the variant fusion polypeptide to specifically bind to DLL4, an aforementioned VEGF family member, or Ang-2 ligand. An exemplary binding assay which can be employed to determine if a particular substitution or substitutions in an Ig-like domain or other domains affect the capability of the fusion polypeptide to bind to and inhibit the activity of DLL4, an aforementioned VEGF family member, or Ang-2 is described in the article by Park et al., J. Biol. Chem., 269: 25646-25654 (1994) .
[0176] The VEGFR-1-D2 binding unit of the fusion protein is capable of binding free VEGF-A, VEGF-B, and PlGF with high affinity (Davis-Smyth et al., EMBO J., 15 (18) : 4919 (1996) ) . The VEGFR-2-D3 binding unit of the fusion protein is capable of binding free VEGF-A, VEGF-C, and VEGF-D with high affinity (Stuttfeld et al., Life, 61 (9) : 915 (2009) ) . The Ang-2 and DLL4 binding units are capable of inhibiting the activation of Tie-2 by Ang-2, and Notch1 receptor by DLL4, respectively. Thus, a fusion protein of the present invention is capable of substantially inhibiting the angiogenic activity of these growth factors on endothelial cells at the site of the disease.
[0177] In still another aspect, the present invention provides isolated nucleic acid molecules encoding multispecific antibody fusion proteins disclosed herein.
[0178] In yet another aspect, the present invention provides isolated nucleic acid molecules encoding a multispecific fusion protein; wherein said isolated nucleic acid molecules comprise: (a) a nucleic acid sequence encoding a DLL4-binding unit; (b) a nucleic acid sequence encoding a VEGF-binding unit with the proviso that when the multispecific fusion protein is a bispecific fusion protein, the VEGF-binding unit does not comprise, or is devoid of, a CDR of a VEGF antibody or VEGF-binding fragment thereof.
[0179] In yet another aspect, the present invention provides isolated nucleic acid molecules encoding a multispecific antibody fusion protein; wherein said isolated nucleic acid molecules comprise: (a) a nucleic acid sequence encoding a DLL4-binding unit; (b) a nucleic acid sequence encoding a VEGF-binding unit operatively linked to said nucleic acid sequence encoding said DLL4 binding unit; and (c) a nucleic acid sequence encoding an Ang-2-binding unit operatively linked to said nucleic acid sequence encoding said DLL4-binding unit or said VEGF-binding unit.
[0180] In yet another aspect, the present invention provides isolated nucleic acid molecules encoding a multispecific antibody fusion protein of the first embodiment disclosed herein above.
[0181] In still another aspect, the present invention provides isolated nucleic acid molecules encoding said bispecific antibody fusion protein; wherein said isolated nucleic acid molecules comprise: (a) nucleic acid sequences encoding the heavy chain and light chain of enoticumab, having sequences listed in SEQ ID NO: 51 and SEQ ID NO: 52; and (b) a nucleic acid sequence encoding a VEGF-binding unit comprising VEGFR-1-D2-VEGFR-2-D3, having sequences listed in SEQ ID NO: 48 and SEQ ID NO: 49, which is operatively linked to the 5’ end of the nucleic acid sequence encoding the light chain of enoticumab.
[0182] In yet another aspect, the present invention provides isolated nucleic acid molecules encoding a trispecific antibody fusion protein of the second embodiment disclosed herein above.
[0183] In still another aspect, the present invention provides isolated nucleic acid molecules encoding said trispecific antibody fusion protein; wherein said isolated nucleic acid molecules comprise: (a) nucleic acid sequences encoding the heavy chain and light chain of enoticumab, having sequences listed in SEQ ID NO: 51 and SEQ ID NO: 52; (b) a nucleic acid sequence encoding a VEGF-binding unit comprising VEGFR-1-D2-VEGFR-2-D3, having sequences listed in SEQ ID NO: 48 and SEQ ID NO: 49, which is operatively linked to the 5’ end of the nucleic acid sequence encoding the light chain of enoticumab; and (c) a nucleic acid sequence encoding an Ang-2-binding polypeptide, having a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 53-58, which is operatively linked to 3’ end of the nucleic acid sequence encoding the heavy chain of enoticumab.
[0184] In still another aspect, the present invention provides isolated nucleic acid molecules encoding one of two chains of a trispecific antibody fusion protein of the third embodiment; wherein said isolated nucleic acid molecules comprise: (a) a nucleic acid sequence encoding a DLL4-binding unit comprising extracellular EGF-like repeats 11-13 of the Notch1 receptor, having a sequence SEQ ID NO: 77; (b) a nucleic acid sequence encoding a VEGF-binding unit comprising VEGFR-1-D2 and VEGFR-2-D3, linked in series, having sequences listed in SEQ ID NOs: 48 and 49; and (c) a nucleic acid sequence encoding an Fc domain of IgG1; wherein the 3’ end of the nucleic acid sequence encoding the VEGF-binding unit is operatively linked to the 5’ end of the nucleic acid encoding the Fc domain, and the 5’ end of the nucleic acid sequence encoding the VEGF-binding unit is linked operatively to the 3’ end of the nucleic acid sequence encoding the DLL4-binding unit.
[0185] In another aspect, the present invention provides an isolated nucleic acid molecule encoding one of two chains of a trispecific antibody fusion protein of the fourth embodiment; wherein said isolated nucleic acid molecules comprise: (a) a nucleic acid sequence encoding a DLL4-binding unit comprising extracellular EGF-like repeats 11-13 of the Notch1 receptor, having a sequence SEQ ID NO: 77; (b) a nucleic acid sequence encoding a VEGF-binding unit comprising VEGFR-1-D2 and VEGFR-2-D3, linked in series, having sequences listed in SEQ ID NOs: 48 and 49; (c) a nucleic acid sequence encoding an Fc domain of IgG1; and (d) a nucleic acid sequence encoding an Ang-2-binding polypeptide, selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 53-38; wherein the 3’ end of the nucleic acid sequence encoding the VEGF-binding unit is operatively linked to the 5’ end of the nucleic acid encoding the Fc domain, the 5’ end of the nucleic acid sequence encoding the VEGF-binding unit is linked operatively to the 3’ end of the nucleic acid sequence encoding the DLL4-binding unit, and the 5’ end of the nucleic acid sequence encoding the Ang-2-binding polypeptide is linked operatively to the 3’ end of the nucleic acid sequence encoding the Fc domain.
[0186] In still another aspect, the present invention provides an isolated nucleic acid molecule encoding one of two chains of a trispecific antibody fusion protein of the fifth embodiment; wherein said isolated nucleic acid molecules comprise: (a) a nucleic acid sequence encoding a DLL4-binding unit comprising extracellular EGF-like repeats 11-13 of the Notch1 receptor, having a sequence SEQ ID NO: 77; (b) a nucleic acid sequence encoding a VEGF-binding unit comprising VEGFR-1-D2 and VEGFR-2-D3, linked in series, having sequences listed in SEQ ID NOs: 48 and 49; (c) a nucleic acid sequence encoding an Fc domain of IgG1; and (d) a nucleic acid sequence encoding an Ang-2 sdAb, selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 84-91; wherein the 3’ end of the nucleic acid sequence encoding the VEGF-binding unit is operatively linked to the N-terminus of the nucleic acid of the Fc domain, the 5’ end of the nucleic acid sequence encoding the VEGF-binding unit is linked operatively to the 3’ end of the nucleic acid sequence encoding the DLL4-binding unit, and the 5’ end of the nucleic acid sequence encoding the Ang-2 sdAb is linked operatively to the 3’ end of the nucleic acid sequence encoding the Fc domain.
[0187] In another aspect, the present invention provides an isolated nucleic acid molecule encoding a multispecific antibody fusion or chimeric protein of the present invention; wherein said isolated nucleic acid molecule comprises a nucleic acid sequence that, as a result of the degeneracy of the genetic code, differs in one or more codons from a nucleic acid sequence listed in this disclosure. Such different nucleic acid sequence is within the scope of the present invention.
[0188] In still another aspect, the present invention provides a vector that comprises any of the nucleic acid molecules herein disclosed, including an expression vector comprising any of said nucleic molecules operatively linked to an expression control sequence.
[0189] In yet another aspect, a vector comprises a nucleic acid sequence encoding a multispecific antibody fusion protein, which nucleic acid sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 59-62, 69-76, 79-83, and 92-94.
[0190] In still another aspect, the present invention provides a host-vector system for the production of any of said multispecific antibody fusion or chimeric proteins, which host-vector system comprises the expression vector in a suitable host cell.
[0191] In one aspect, the present invention provides for the construction of a nucleic acid molecule encoding a multispecific antibody fusion protein disclosed herein, which nucleic acid molecule is inserted into a vector that is able to express the antibody fusion protein when introduced into an appropriate host cell. Appropriate host cells include, but are not limited to, bacterial cells, yeast cells, insect cells, and mammalian cells. Any of the methods known to one skilled in the art for the insertion of DNA fragments into a vector may be used to construct expression vectors encoding chimeric polypeptide molecules under control of transcriptional / translational control signals. These methods may include in vitro recombinant DNA and synthetic techniques and in vivo recombination (genetic recombination) (See; e.g., Sambrook, et al., Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory; Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, Eds. Ausubel, et al., 3rd ed., Greene Publ. Assoc., Wiley-Interscience, NY) .
[0192] Expression of nucleic acid molecules encoding an antibody fusion protein of the present invention may be regulated by a second nucleic acid sequence (apromoter) so that the antibody fusion protein is expressed in a host transformed with the nucleic acid molecules. For example, expression of an antibody fusion protein described herein may be controlled by any promoter / enhancer element known in the art.
[0193] In general, plasmid vectors containing replicon and control sequences that are derived from species compatible with the host cell are used in connection with these hosts. The vector ordinarily carries a replication site, as well as marking sequences that are capable of providing phenotypic selection in transformed cells. For example, E. coli is typically transformed using pBR322, a plasmid derived from an E. coli species (see; e.g., Bolivar et al., Gene, 2: 95 (1977) ) . The plasmid pBR322 contains genes for ampicillin and tetracycline resistance and thus provides easy means for identifying transformed cells. The pBR322 plasmid, or other microbial plasmid or phage, must also contain, or be modified to contain, promoters that can be used by the microbial organism for expression of proteins.
[0194] Those promoters most commonly used in recombinant DNA construction include the β-lactamase (penicillinase) and lactose promoter systems or a tryptophan (trp) promoter system (Goeddel et al., Nucleic Acids Res., 8: 4057 (1980) ) . While these are the most commonly used, other microbial promoters have been discovered and utilized. For example, the tac promoter is a synthetically produced DNA promoter produced from the combination of promoters from the trp and lac operons (de Boer et al., PNAS, (1983-01-80 (1) : 21–25 (1983) ) . It is commonly used for protein production in Escherichia coli. (Amann et al., Gene, 25: 167 (1983) ) . Any of these promoters may be used in connection with a method of producing an antibody fusion protein of the present invention.
[0195] In addition to prokaryotes, eukaryotic microbes, such as yeast cultures, may also be used. Saccharomyces cerevisiae, or common baker's yeast, is the most commonly used among eukaryotic microorganisms, although a number of other strains are commonly available. For expression in Saccharomyces, the plasmid YRp7, for example (Stinchcomb et al., Nature, 282: 39 (1979) ) is commonly used. Other exemplary plasmids are disclosed in US Patent 4,615,974; Struhl et al., PNAS, 76 (3) : 1035 (1979) . The plasmid YRp7 contains the trp1 gene that provides a selection marker for a mutant strain of yeast lacking the ability to grow without tryptophan, for example, ATCC No. 44, 076 or RH218 (Jones, Genetics, 85: 23 (1977) ) . The presence of the trp1 lesion as a characteristic of the yeast host cell genome then provides an effective environment for detecting transformation by growth in the absence of tryptophan.
[0196] Suitable promoting sequences in yeast vectors include the promoters for 3-phosphoglycerate kinase (Hitzeman et al., J. Biol. Chem., 255: 2073 (1980) ) or other glycolytic enzymes, such as glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, hexokinase, pyruvate decarboxylas, and glucokinase (Romanos et al., Yeast, 8: 423 (1992) ; Weinhandl et al., Microb. Cell Factories, 13: 5 (2014) ) . In constructing suitable expression plasmids, the termination sequences associated with these genes are also ligated into the expression vector 3' of the sequence desired to be expressed to provide polyadenylation of the mRNA and termination. Other promoters, which have the additional advantage of transcription controlled by growth conditions, such as the promoter region for alcohol dehydrogenase 2, and enzymes responsible for maltose and galactose utilization (Romanos et al., Weinhandl et al., supra) , may be used for the vector construction. Any plasmid vector containing yeast-compatible promoter, origin of replication and termination sequences is suitable.
[0197] In addition to microorganisms, cultures of cells derived from multicellular organisms may also be used as hosts. In principle, any such cell culture is workable, whether from vertebrate or invertebrate culture. However, much interest has been in vertebrate cells, and propagation of vertebrate cells in culture (tissue culture) has become a routine procedure in recent years. Examples of such useful host cell lines are VERO and HeLa cells, Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines, and W138, BHK, COS-7, HEK293, and MDCK cell lines. Expression vectors for such cells ordinarily include (if necessary) an origin of replication, a promoter located in front of the gene to be expressed, along with any necessary ribosome binding sites, RNA splice sites, polyadenylation sites, and transcriptional terminator sequences.
[0198] For use in mammalian cells, the control functions on the expression vectors are often provided by viral material. For example, commonly used promoters are derived from polyoma, Adenovirus 2, and most frequently Simian Virus 40 (SV40) . The early and late promoters of SV40 virus are particularly useful because both are obtained easily from the virus as a fragment that also contains the SV40 viral origin of replication (Fiers et al., Nature, 273: 113 (1978) ) . Smaller or larger SV40 fragments may also be used, provided there is included the approximately 250-bp sequence extending from the HindIII site toward the BglI site located in the viral origin of replication. Further, it is also possible, and often desirable, to utilize promoter or control sequences normally associated with the desired gene sequence, provided such control sequences are compatible with the host cell systems.
[0199] Thus, according to the invention, expression vectors capable of being replicated in a bacterial, a yeast cell, an insect cell, or a mammalian cell host, comprising an antibody fusion protein-encoding nucleic acid as described herein, are used to transfect the host and thereby direct expression of such nucleic acids to produce the fusion polypeptide, which may then be recovered in a biologically active form. As used herein, a biologically active form includes a form capable of binding to at least a VEGF family member and DLL4. In certain embodiments, a biologically active form includes a form capable of binding to at least a VEGF family member, DLL4, and Ang-2.
[0200] In some embodiments, the host cell can be E. coli, a COS cell, a HEK 293 cell (also known simply as 293 cells) , or a Chinese hamster ovary ( “CHO” ) cell. Preferably, the host cell is a HEK 293 or CHO cell.
[0201] A non-limiting example is the plasmid pcDNA3.4, which is suitable to be used in a mammalian host cell, such as the CHO cell. The plasmid pcDNA3.4 contains genes for ampicillin resistance and genes for SV40 and CMV promoters.
[0202] Vector Construction
[0203] Construction of suitable vectors containing the desired coding and control sequences employ standard ligation techniques. Isolated plasmids or DNA fragments are cleaved, tailored, and ligated in the form desired to form the plasmids required. The methods employed are not dependent on the DNA source or intended host. Cleavage is performed by treating with restriction enzyme (or enzymes) in suitable buffer.
[0204] A nucleic acid sequence substantially encoding one or more Ig-like domains of VEGFR-1 or VEGFR-2 can be produced according to the method disclosed in U.S. Patent 6,897,294.
[0205] In a first embodiment, a nucleic acid sequence substantially encoding the Ig-like domain 2 of VEGFR-1 and the Ig-like domain 3 of VEGFR-2 is ligated in tandem in the desired order. This construct is then ligated to the 5’ end of the nucleic acid sequence encoding the light chain of a DLL4 antibody (e.g., enoticumab) . Such entire nucleic acid sequences are referred to as a chimeric nucleic acid sequence.
[0206] In a second embodiment, a nucleic acid sequence substantially encoding the Ig-like domain 2 of VEGFR-1 and the Ig-like domain 3 of VEGFR-2 is ligated in tandem in the desired order. This construct is then ligated to the 5’ end of the nucleic acid sequence encoding the light chain of a DLL4 antibody (e.g., enoticumab) . A nucleic acid sequence encoding an Ang-2-binding peptide is ligated to the 3’ end of the nucleic acid sequence encoding the heavy chain of the DLL4 antibody.
[0207] Chimeric nucleic acid sequences encoding other multispecific antibody fusion proteins of the present invention can be similarly produced.
[0208] The entire chimeric nucleic acid sequences are then positioned in a vector which contains a promoter in the reading frame with the gene and compatible with the proposed host cell. A number of plasmids, such as those described in U.S. Patents 4,456,748; 5,460,811; 5,888,808; and 6,333,147 may be used in a production of an antibody fusion protein of the present invention.
[0209] In one aspect, the vector system pcDNA3.4 is suitable to express an antibody fusion protein of the present invention in a mammalian cell.
[0210] In one embodiment, an antibody fusion protein of the present invention may be produced according to the method described in U.S. Patent 7,070,959. For example, the chimeric nucleic acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 59 and 60 are inserted into the expression vector pcDNA3.4 having the CMV promoter.
[0211] In one embodiment, CHO cells are transfected with pcDNA3.4 / SEQ ID NOs: 59 and 60. The antibody fusion protein obtained from the CHO cells may be purified and characterized by binding assay, as described in U.S. Patent 7,070,959.
[0212] Similarly, a nucleic acid molecule encoding another multispecific antibody fusion protein described herein above may be produced by ligating nucleic acid sequences encoding the various desired ligand-binding units in a desired order and then inserting into the expression vector pcDNA3.4. CHO cells are transfected with such vector and grown. Antibody fusion proteins obtained from these CHO cells may be similarly purified and characterized.
[0213] In one embodiment, an antibody fusion protein of the present invention can bind to human DLL4 ( “hDLL4” ) , VEGF family members, and additionally in certain embodiments, human Ang-2 ( “hAng-2” ) with KD ≤ 10-9 M. In another embodiment, an antibody fusion protein of the present invention can bind to hDLL4, VEGF family members, and additionally in certain embodiments, hAng-2 with KD ≤ 5x10-10 M. In still another embodiment, an antibody fusion protein of the present invention can bind to hDLL4, VEGF family members, and additionally in certain embodiments, hAng-2 with KD ≤ 10-10 M.
[0214] In one aspect, the present invention provides compounds, compositions, and methods for treating or controlling a disease, condition, or disorder having etiology in at least one of aberrant angiogenesis, inflammation and fibrosis.
[0215] In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for treating or controlling at least an ocular or systemic disease, condition, or disorder, in a subject, which has etiology in at least one of aberrant angiogenesis, inflammation, and fibrosis. The method comprises administering to a subject in need of such treating or controlling a composition comprising a multispecific antibody fusion protein herein disclosed. Non-limiting embodiments of such an antibody fusion protein have amino acid sequences listed in SEQ ID NOs: 12-15, 22-29, 32-36, and 45-47.
[0216] In still another aspect, the present invention provides a composition for use to treat or control at least an ocular or systemic disease, condition, or disorder, in a subject, which has etiology in at least one of aberrant angiogenesis, inflammation, and fibrosis, wherein the composition comprises a multispecific antibody fusion protein herein disclosed. Non-limiting embodiments of such multispecific fusion protein have amino acid sequences listed in SEQ ID NOs: 12-15, 22-29, 32-36, and 45-47.
[0217] In still another aspect, the present invention provides a use of a multispecific antibody fusion protein herein disclosed for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition or a medicament for the treatment or control of at least an ocular or systemic disease, condition, or disorder, in a subject, which has etiology in at least one of aberrant angiogenesis, inflammation, and fibrosis. Non-limiting embodiments of such multispecific fusion protein have amino acid sequences listed in SEQ ID NOs: 12-15, 22-29, 32-36, and 45-47.
[0218] In still another aspect, said ocular disease, condition, or disorder is selected from the group consisting of: macular edema resulting from diabetes, uveitis, central and branch retinal vein occlusion, choroidal neovascularization, nAMD, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy ( “PCV” ) , myopic choroidal neovascularization, vascular leak, non-proliferative and proliferative diabetic retinopathy, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, corneal neovascularization, corneal inflammation, and neovascular glaucoma.
[0219] In yet another aspect, said systemic disease, condition, or disorder is selected from the group consisting of tumor growth, tumor metastasis, a combination of tumor growth and metastasis, rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, and psoriasis.
[0220] In one aspect, the subject is administered with a dose of about 25-4000 micrograms of the fusion protein. In another embodiment, the subject is administered with a dose of about 50-8000, about 100-8000, about 500-8000, about 1000-8000, about 2000-8000, about 50-6000, about 50-5000, about 50-4000, about 50-3000, about 50-2000, or about 50-1000 micrograms of the fusion protein.
[0221] In still another aspect, the composition comprising a multispecific fusion protein is in the form of an eye drop or an ocular injection (such as intravitreal, intracameral, peri-orbital, subtenon, subretinal, or suprachoroidal injection) . Such a composition comprises an ophthalmic composition.
[0222] A multispecific fusion protein of the present invention may also be incorporated in a medical device that is implantable into or near a diseased tissue.
[0223] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method for treating or controlling, or a composition for use to treat or control, an anterior-segment disease, condition, or disorder; such as corneal neovascularization, corneal inflammation, or neovascular glaucoma. The composition comprising the fusion protein may be in the form of an eye drop or intracameral or subconjunctival injection. In another embodiment, the present invention provides a method or composition for treating or controlling a posterior-segment disease, condition, or disorder; such as choroidal neovascularization, nAMD, PCV, myopic choroidal neovascularization, vascular leak, macular edema resulting from diabetes, uveitis, central and branch retinal vein occlusion, non-proliferative and proliferative diabetic retinopathy, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, and retinopathy of prematurity. In this case, the composition comprising the fusion protein may be administered in the form of an intravitreal injection.
[0224] In yet another aspect, a composition is administered to the subject at least once per day, at least once per week, or at least once per month until the disease, condition, or disorder is substantially treated or controlled.
[0225] In yet another aspect, the composition is administered via sustained drug release to the subject for a period of at least one month, at least two months, at least three months, or at least six months.
[0226] In still another aspect, an ocular injection or an injection into, or near, a diseased tissue is administered to the subject according to a regimen recommended by a medical practitioner for a particular patient. For example, an injection may be administered at least once per month, at least once every two months, at least once every three months, at least once every four months or at least once every six months until the disease, condition, or disorder is substantially treated or controlled. In one embodiment, treatment may be administered more frequently at the beginning, and then less frequently after a period of time. Such period of time may be determined by a medical practitioner.
[0227] The concentration of a multispecific fusion protein of the present invention in such composition can be in the range from about 0.1 to about 200 mg / ml (or, alternatively, from about 0.25 to about 200 mg / ml, or from about 0.25 to about 160 mg / ml, or from about 0.5 to about 100 mg / ml, or from about 0.25 to about 80 mg / ml, or from about 0.5 to about 200 mg / ml, or from about 0.5 to about 160 mg / ml, or from about 0.5 to about 100 mg / ml, or from about 0.5 to about 80 mg / ml, or from about 1 to about 200 mg / ml, or from 1 to about 160 mg / ml, or from about 0.5 to about 100 mg / ml, or from about 1 to about 80 mg / ml) .
[0228] In still another aspect, a method for preparing a composition of the present invention comprises combining: (a) an amount of a multispecific antibody fusion protein of the present invention; and (b) a physiologically acceptable carrier.
[0229] In one embodiment, such physiologically acceptable carrier can be a sterile saline solution or a physiologically acceptable buffer. In another embodiment, such a carrier comprises a hydrophobic medium, such as a pharmaceutically acceptable oil. In still another embodiment, such a carrier comprises an emulsion of a hydrophobic material and water. In yet another embodiment, an antibody fusion protein of the present invention may be associated or linked with a high-molecular weight material to provide a long circulation time.
[0230] Physiologically acceptable buffers include, but are not limited to, a phosphate buffer or a Tris-HCl buffer (comprising tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane and HCl) . For example, a Tris-HCl buffer having pH of 7.4 comprises 3 g / l of tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane and 0.76 g / l of HCl. In yet another aspect, the buffer is 10X phosphate buffer saline ( “PBS” ) or 5X PBS solution. Non-limiting examples of buffers used for injectable compositions comprising biologics include phosphate, citric acid, acetic acid, tromethamine, histidine, arginine, gluconic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, aspartic acid, and glutamic acid.
[0231] Other buffers also may be found suitable or desirable in some circumstances, such as buffers based on HEPES (N- {2-hydroxyethyl} peperazine-N’- {2-ethanesulfonic acid} ) having pKa of 7.5 at 25 ℃ and pH in the range of 6.8-8.2; BES (N, N-bis {2-hydroxyethyl} 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) having pKa of 7.1 at 25℃ and pH in the range of 6.4-7.8; MOPS (3- {N-morpholino} propanesulfonic acid) having pKa of 7.2 at 25℃and pH in the range from of 6.5-7.9; TES (N-tris {hydroxymethyl} -methyl-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) having pKa of 7.4 at 25℃ and pH in the range of 6.8-8.2; MOBS (4- {N-morpholino} butanesulfonic acid) having pKa of 7.6 at 25℃ and pH in the range of 6.9-8.3; DIPSO (3- (N, N-bis {2-hydroxyethyl} amino) -2-hydroxypropane) ) having pKa of 7.52 at 25℃ and pH in the range of 7-8.2; TAPSO (2-hydroxy-3 {tris (hydroxymethyl) methylamino} -1-propanesulfonic acid) ) having pKa of 7.61 at 25℃ and pH in the range of 7-8.2.
[0232] In certain embodiments, a composition of the present invention is formulated in a buffer having an acidic pH, such as from about 4 to about 6.8, or alternatively, from about 5 to about 6.8. In such embodiments, the buffer capacity of the composition desirably allows the composition to come rapidly to a physiological pH after being administered into the patient.
[0233] In addition to a buffer, a composition of the present invention can comprise a material selected from the group consisting of surfactants, stabilizers, preservatives, co-solvent, humectants, emollients, chelating agents, tonicity-adjusting agents, and antioxidants.
[0234] In one aspect, any of these materials that may be used in a composition of the present invention is a physiologically acceptable material. In certain embodiments, any of these materials that may be used in a composition of the present invention is an ophthalmically or systemically acceptable material.
[0235] Water-soluble preservatives that may be employed include quaternary ammonium compounds such as benzalkonium chloride and various polyquaternium compounds. These agents may be present in individual amounts of from about 0.001 to about 2%by weight (preferably, about 0.01%to about 0.05%by weight) .
[0236] Non-limiting examples of surfactants include, but are not limited to, non-ionic surfactants, for example, polysorbates (such as polysorbate 20, polysorbate 80) , 4- (1, 1, 3, 3-tetramethylbutyl) phenol / poly (oxyethylene) polymers (such as the polymer sold under the trademark Tyloxapol) , poly (oxyethylene) -poly (oxypropylene) block copolymers, glycolic esters of fatty acids and the like, and mixtures thereof.
[0237] In one aspect, the pH of the composition is in the range from about 4 to about 8. Alternatively, the pH of the composition is in the range from about 6 to about 8, or from about 6.5 to about 8, or from about 6.5 to about 7.5.
[0238] In another aspect, the composition has a pH of about 7. Alternatively, the composition has a pH in a range from about 7 to about 7.5.
[0239] In still another aspect, the composition has a pH of about 7.4.
[0240] In yet another aspect, a composition also can comprise a viscosity-modifying compound designed to facilitate the administration of the composition into the subject or to promote the bioavailability in the subject. In still another aspect, the viscosity-modifying compound may be chosen so that the composition is not readily dispersed after being administered into an environment of an eye. Such compounds may enhance the viscosity of the composition, and include, but are not limited to: monomeric polyols, such as, glycerol, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol; polymeric polyols, such as, polyethylene glycol; various polymers of the cellulose family, such as hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose ( “HPMC” ) , carboxymethyl cellulose ( “CMC” ) sodium, hydroxypropyl cellulose ( “HPC” ) ; polysaccharides, such as hyaluronic acid and its salts, chondroitin sulfate and its salts, dextrans, such as, dextran 70; water soluble proteins, such as gelatin; vinyl polymers, such as, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, povidone; carbomers, such as carbomer 934P, carbomer 941, carbomer 940, or carbomer 974P; and acrylic acid polymers. In general, a desired viscosity can be in the range from about 1 to about 400 centipoises ( “cps” ) or mPa. s.
[0241] Non-limiting examples of chelating agents include ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid ( “EDTA” ) , diethylenetriaminepentakis (methylphosphonic acid) , etidronic acid, tetrasodium salt of etidronic acid (also known as “HAP” ) .
[0242] While the buffer itself is a “tonicity-adjusting agent” and a “pH-adjusting agent” that broadly maintains the ophthalmic solution at a particular ion concentration and pH, additional “tonicity-adjusting agents” can be added to adjust the final tonicity of the solution. Such tonicity-adjusting agents are well known to those of skill in the art and include, but are not limited to, mannitol, sorbitol, dextrose, sucrose, urea, propylene glycol, and glycerin. Also, various salts, including halide salts of a monovalent cation (e.g., NaCl or KCl) can be utilized. Typically, the tonicity of a formulation of the present invention is in the range from about 200 to 400 mOsm / kg. Alternatively, the tonicity of a formulation of the present invention is in the range from about 220 to 400 mOsm / kg, or from about 220 to 350 mOsm / kg, or from about 220 to 300 mOsm / kg, or from about 250 to 350 mOsm / kg.
[0243] Non-limiting examples of anti-oxidants include ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and its salts and esters; tocopherols (such as α-tocopherol) and tocotrienols (vitamin E) , and their salts and esters (such as vitamin E TGPS (D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate) ) ; glutathione; lipoic acid; uric acid; butylated hydroxyanisole ( “BHA” ) ; butylated hydroxytoluene ( “BHT” ) ; tertiary butylhydroquinone ( “TBHQ” ) ; and polyphenolic anti-oxidants (such as gallic acid, cinnanmic acid, flavonoids, and their salts, esters, and derivatives) .
[0244] Non-limiting examples of stabilizers includes sucrose, mannitol, sorbitol, and trehalose.
[0245] It should be understood that the proportions of the various components or mixtures may be adjusted for the appropriate circumstances.
[0246] In another aspect, an antibody fusion protein of the present invention and appropriate amounts of one or more desired excipients are incorporated into a formulation for topical administration or injection to a portion of the eye, such as the anterior or posterior segment, or the vitreous humor. An injectable formulation can desirably comprise a carrier that provides a sustained-release of the active ingredients, such as for a period longer than about 1 week (or longer than about 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 months) . In certain embodiments, an antibody fusion protein of the present invention is included in a delivery device for sustained release of the active ingredients over a long period of time, such as 4, 5, 6 months or longer. An example of such delivery device is described in U.S. Patents 8,399,006 and 9,417,238.
[0247] In still another aspect, a composition comprising an antibody fusion protein of the present invention and desired excipients is lyophilized and is reconstituted with a physiologically acceptable liquid carrier substantially immediately before administration to a subject.
[0248] In one embodiment, a compound or composition of the present invention can be injected with a fine-gauge needle, such as 25-35 gauge. Typically, an amount from about 25 μl to about 100 μl of a composition comprising about 25-4000 μg of an antibody fusion protein of the present invention is administered into a patient. In one aspect, the antibody fusion protein has an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 12-15, 22-29, 32-36, and 45-47, and conservatively modified variants thereof. A concentration of such antibody fusion protein is selected from the ranges disclosed above. Other antibody fusion proteins comprising various Ang-2-, VEGF-, and DLL4-binding units as disclosed herein can also be incorporated into compositions disclosed herein.
[0249] In still another aspect, an antibody fusion protein of the present invention is incorporated into an ophthalmic device that comprises a biodegradable material, and the device is implanted into a posterior-segment tissue of a subject to provide a long-term (e.g., longer than about 1 week, or longer than about 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 months) treatment or control of an angiogenic disease, condition, or disorder. Such a device may be implanted by a skilled physician in the subject’s ocular or periocular tissue. Non-limiting examples of ophthalmic implant systems or devices for the sustained-release of an active ingredient are disclosed in U.S. Patents 5,378,475; 5,773,019; 5,902,598; 6,001,386; 6,051,576; and 6,726,918.
[0250] In still another aspect, a method for treating or controlling an ophthalmic angiogenic disease, condition, or disorder comprises administering a composition comprising an antibody fusion protein of the present invention to a subject in need thereof.
[0251] In still another aspect, a method for treating or controlling an ophthalmic angiogenic disease, condition, or disorder comprises administering a composition comprising an antibody fusion protein having an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 12-15, 22-29, 32-36, and 45-47, and conservatively modified variants thereof to a subject in need of such treatment or control. Other antibody fusion proteins comprising various DLL4-, VEGF-, and Ang2-binding units as disclosed herein can also be used in such method.
[0252] In still another aspect, a method for treating or controlling an ophthalmic angiogenic disease, condition, or disorder having an etiology in aberrant angiogenesis of in the posterior segment of an eye comprises intravitreally injecting a composition comprising an antibody fusion protein having an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 12-15, 22-29, 32-36, and 45-47, and conservatively modified variants thereof.
[0253] In another embodiment, such disease, condition, or disorder is selected from the group consisting of: macular edema resulting from diabetes, uveitis, central and branch retinal vein occlusion, choroidal neovascularization including nAMD, PCV and myopic choroidal neovacular degeneration, vascular leak, non-proliferative and proliferative diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, corneal neovascularization, corneal inflammation, and neovascular glaucoma.
[0254] In yet another aspect, a composition of the present invention is administered once a week, once a month, once a year, twice a year, three times a year, four times a year, or at a suitable frequency that is determined to be appropriate for treating or controlling an anterior-segment inflammatory disease, condition, or disorder.
[0255] In still another aspect, an antibody fusion protein of the present invention can also be used for the treatment or control of tumors, systemic inflammatory diseases or conditions, or autoimmune diseases such as arthritis. Such treatment or control may be effected by, for example, systemic administration. Dosages and regimens for treating such diseases or conditions may be determined or recommended for the particular disease or condition by medical practitioners.
[0256] EXAMPLE 1: Expression and Purification of Fusion Proteins of the Present Invention
[0257] Fusion proteins of the present invention were successfully expressed in Chinese hamster ovarian ( “CHO” ) cells. With one round of purification by affinity chromatography, purity of > 95%was achieved for most proteins produced.
[0258] cDNAs encoding the amino acid sequences of fusion proteins identified in Table 2 were synthetized, and a first expressing vector based on the circular pcDNA3.4 vector system was constructed for each cDNA. The expression vector was used to transiently transfect CHO cells with chemically defined culture media. Fusion proteins in the fourth and fifth embodiments required construction of the second plasmid encoding human Lunatic Fringe ( “LFNG” ) glycosyltransferase, wherein two expression vectors were used to co-transfect CHO cells to express the designed fusion proteins that were post-translationally modified by LFNG to enhance the binding affinity for DLL4. The produced proteins were purified by Protein-A-affinity-column ultrafiltration and then subjected to 0.2μm sterile filtration to get the bulk of high purity. Purity ranged from 96.49%to 98.46%after one round purification by affinity chromatography and analyzed by size exclusion chromatography (SEC-HPLC) . See Fig. 6A and B.
[0259] EXAMPLE 2: ELISA Binding Affinities for Human VEGF-A165
[0260] ELISA assay was performed using 96-well plates coated with recombinant human VEGF-A165 (4 μg / ml, 50μl / well) at +4℃ for 16 hours. After non-specific blocking using 1%BSA at 25℃ for 1 hour, a series of dilutions of test antibodies ( “Abs” ) were added into the coated wells and incubated at 25℃ for 1 hour. The bound Abs were detected using a secondary Ab (goat anti-human IgG1-Fc) conjugated with HRP (horse radish peroxidase) followed by OD450 reading. The binding affinities of EB-107 series of molecules for human VEGF-A165 are at sub-nanomolar scales and comparable to aflibercept. Aflibercept is a human Fc fusion protein that bind to VEGF-A, B and PlGF. See Fig. 7A and B.
[0261] EXAMPLE 3: ELISA Binding Affinities for Human DLL4
[0262] The same ELISA procedure was performed with recombinant human DLL4. The binding affinities of EB-107 series of molecules for human DLL4 are at sub-nanomolar scales and comparable to navicixizumab, a bispecific antibody against VEGF-A and DLL4. See Fig. 8A and B.
[0263] EXAMPLE 4: ELISA Binding Affinities for Human Ang-2
[0264] The same ELISA procedure was performed with recombinant human Ang-2. The binding affinities of EB-107 series of molecules for human Ang-2 are at sub-nanomolar scales and comparable to nesvacumab, an mAb against human Ang-2. See Fig. 9A and B.
[0265] EXAMPLE 5: SPR Biacore Binding Affinity Assays
[0266] SPR Biacore assay was performed at 25℃ with HBS-EP+ as a running buffer. The assay was performed by immobilization of the anti-human IgG (Fc) antibody onto the CM5 sensor chip surface and determined the level of ligand immobilization. The amount of anti-Fc antibody coupling onto the CM5 sensor chip was about 7,000~14,000 response unit ( “RU” ) . Test antibodies were injected over the surface of Series S Sensor Chip CM5 as Capture. The analytes (target proteins) were diluted with running buffer into different concentrations and injected over the sensor surface as the association phase for affinity and kinetics measurements. The 1: 1 binding model was used to measure the binding affinity and / or kinetics.
[0267] SPR Biacore assays indicate that EB-107BIa-7CD, EB-107BIa-7CA, EB-107BIe and EB-107BIj bind to target proteins at picomolar or sub-nanomolar scales, with binding affinities comparable or better than their comparators in most cases (Tables 3-5) . Aflibercept is a clinical stage human FC fusion that binds to VEGF-A, B and PlGF. Navicixumab is a bispecific antibody against VEGF-A and DLL4. Faricimab is the first FDA approved bispecific antibody that binds to VEGF-A and Ang-2 for the treatment of nAMD, DME, and macular edema due to retinal vein occlusion.
[0268] Table 3
[0269] Binding Affinities of EB-107BIa-7CD for Target Proteins Measured by SPR Biacore Assays
[0270] Table 4
[0271] Binding Affinities of EB-107BIa-7CA and Its Comparators for Target Proteins Measured by SPR Biacore Assays
[0272] Table 5
[0273] Binding Affinities of EB-107BIe-f and EB-107BIj and Their Comparators for Target Proteins Measured by SPR Biacore Assays
[0274] EVALUATION OF IN VITRO CELL-BASED FUNCTIONS OF ANTIBODY FUSION PROTEINS OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
[0275] EXAMPLE 6: Inhibition of VEGF-A165-Mediated VEGFR-2 Signaling
[0276] The effect of EB-107 molecules on inhibiting VEGF-A165-mediated VEGFR-2 signaling was studied using an engineered HEK-293 cell line, in which the firefly luciferase gene is expressed under the control of nuclear factor activated T cell response elements (VEGFR-2-NF-AT) . Aflibercept and faricimab were used as two comparators. The results indicate that EB-107 molecules are comparable to aflibercept and faricimab in dose-dependent inhibition of VEGF-A165-stimulated VEGFR-2 signaling. See Fig. 10A and B.
[0277] Serial dilutions of EB-107 molecules, aflibercept and faricimab were incubated with 60 ng / ml of human VEGF-A165 at room temperature for 30 minutes, then VEGFR-2 luciferase reporter cells were added into each well to study the effects of test materials on inhibiting VEGF-A165 mediated VEGFR-2 signaling. EB-107 molecules are comparable to or better than aflibercept and faricimab in inhibiting VEGF-A165-stimulated VEGFR-2 signaling in a dose response manner as indicated by their IC50 values. Aflibercept is a human Fc fusion protein containing VEGFR-1-D2 and VEGFR-2-D3 for inhibition of VEGF-A, B and PlGF. Faricimab is a bispecific antibody that binds to VEGF-A and Ang-2.
[0278] EXAMPLE 7: Blocking DLL4 Binding to Notch1 Receptor
[0279] The effect of EB-107 molecules on blocking DLL4 binding to Notch1 receptor was studied by competitive ELISA assays, with navicixizumab as a comparator. Briefly, 96-well plates were coated with Fc-tagged human Notch1 (4 μg / ml) at 4 ℃ for overnight. After 3-time washing with phosphate buffer solution (PBS) , the coated plates were incubated with PBS containing with 5% (w / v) non-fat dried milk (5%PBSM) at room temperature (RT) for 2 hours. After washing plates with PBS for 3 times, serial dilutions of test antibodies were pre-mixed with 2 μg / ml of biotinylated DLL4 and incubated at RT for one hour, and then 30 μl of the pre-mixed solution was added into each well to study the binding of biotinylated DLL4 to Notch-1 receptor. The bound complex was detected by NeutrAvidin-conjugated with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) , followed by incubation with a solution containing TMB (3, 3', 5, 5'-tetramethylbenzidine) soluble substrate for OD450 reading. The results indicate that EB-107 molecules, in a dose response manner, effectively block DLL4 binding to Notch1 receptor. See Figure 11A and B.
[0280] EXAMPLE 8: Inhibition of Ang-2 / Tie-2 Interaction
[0281] [Rectified under Rule 91, 11.12.2023]The effect of EB-107 molecules on inhibiting Ang-2 / Tie-2 interaction was studied by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis using engineered HEK-293 cells that overexpress human Tie-2 receptor, with nesvacumab as a comparator. Nesvacumab is an mAb against Ang-2. Serial dilutions of EB-107 molecules and nesvacumab were incubated with 100 ng / ml of human Ang-2 at 4℃ for 60 minutes, then Tie-2-expressing cells were added into each well to study the effects of test antibodies on blocking Ang-2 binding to Tie-2 receptor via FACS analysis. The results indicate that EB-107 molecules, in a dose response manner, showed a similar effect to nesvacumab in blocking Ang-2 binding to Tie-2 receptor. See Figure 12.
[0282] [Rectified under Rule 91, 11.12.2023]EXAMPLE 9: Inhibition of Ang-1 / Tie-2 Interaction
[0283] [Rectified under Rule 91, 11.12.2023]The effect of EB-107 molecules on Ang-1 / Tie-2 interaction was studied by FACS analysis using engineered HEK-293 cells that overexpress human Tie-2 ( “hTie-2” ) receptor, with faricimab and nesvacumab as two comparators. Serial dilutions of EB-107 molecules, faricimab, nesvacumab, and hTie-2 were incubated with 2 μg / ml of human Ang-1-Fc at 4℃ for 60 minutes, then Tie-2-expressing cells were added into each well to study the effects of test materials on blocking Ang-1 binding to Tie-2 receptor. Recombinant hTie-2 was used as a positive control in this assay. Similar to faricimab and nesvacumab, EB-107BIa-7CA, EB-107BIe, EB-107BIf, and EB-107BIj, do not affect the binding of Ang-1 to Tie-2 receptor. See Fig. 13.
[0284] PHARMACOLOGY STUDIES IN TWO ANIMAL MODELS
[0285] EB-107BIa-7CA, a lead antibody fusion protein of the present invention, was formulated in a phosphate buffer solution for intravitreal ( “IVT” ) injection to study its efficacy in pre-retinal neovascularization ( “PRN” ) in Dutch belted rabbits as described below.
[0286] EXAMPLE 10: Effect of a Single Dose IVT Injection of EB-107BIa-7CA on Vascular Leakage from PRN in Rabbits
[0287] PRN was induced by IVT injection of DL-α-aminoadipic acid ( “DL-AAA, ” 80mM, 50 μl / eye) in Dutch belted rabbits. After confirmation of the development of PRN eight weeks post DL-AAA injection, each eye received a single IVT injection of 50μl of vehicle or EB-107BIa-7CA (0.5 mg / eye) to study its effect on inhibiting vascular leakage from PRN. Fundus fluorescein angiography ( “FFA” ) was performed to monitor changes of vascular leakage overtime. As demonstrated, EB-107BIa-7CA effectively inhibited vascular leakage, whereas eyes receiving vehicle remained relatively un-changed when comparing the status of vascular leakage before and after treatment. See Fig. 14.
[0288] EXAMPLE 11: Effect of a Single-Dose IVT Injection of EB-107BIe on Vascular Leakage in Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularization ( “CNV” ) in Monkeys
[0289] The effect of EB-107BIe on inhibition of vascular leakage was studied in laser-induced CNV in cynomolgus monkeys, with clinical formats of aflibercept and faricimab as two comparators. The development of CNV was confirmed by FFA after twelve days of laser photocoagulation. Two days later (fourteen days after laser photocoagulation) , each eye received a single IVT injection of 50μl of vehicle, 0.5 mg / eye of aflibercept, faricimab, or EB-107BIe. The above treatment was repeated with the second dose of IVT injection 4 weeks after the first dose of treatment. Color fundus photography and FFA were performed to monitor changes in the fundus and vascular leakage 1, 2, 4.6 and 8 weeks after treatment. The results indicate that EB-107BIe effectively inhibited CNV related vascular leakage, with an apparent efficacy comparable to aflibercept and faricimab (see Fig. 15) . Persistent vascular leakage from CNV lesions was observed in vehicle treated eyes (n=6) . In contrast, eyes receiving aflibercept, faricimab, or EB-107BIe (n=6-7 / group) showed nearly complete inhibition of vascular leakage across the study. Fundus photography showed no signs of retinal inflammation after 8 weeks of IVT injection of vehicle, aflibercept, faricimab, or EB-107BIe (Fig. 15, last row of color fundus images) .
[0290] Figure 16 shows that the percentage of grade-IV CNV lesions in vehicle treated group tended to slightly decrease with time. Aflibercept faricimab, and EB-107BIe dramatically inhibited the development of grade-IV CNV lesions. Grading of CNV lesions: Grade I-no hyperfluorescence, Grade II-hyperfluorescent staining without fluorescein leakage, Grade III-early hyperfluorescence with mild fluorescein leakage confined to the border of the laser burn at late-stage of FFA, Grade IV-early hyperfluorescence with late-stage severe fluorescein leakage beyond the border of the laser burn. Grade IV lesions are considered highly clinical relevance.
[0291] Figure 17 shows the results of the quantitative analysis of vascular leakage in laser-induced CNV in monkeys. The vehicle treated group showed persistent CNV-related vascular leakage pre-dosing, and 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after treatment. EB-107BIe dramatically inhibited CNV leakage, with an efficacy comparable to aflibercept and faricimab.
[0292] Figure 18 shows some representative images of slit-lamp photography performed before dosing and after IVT injection of vehicle, aflibercept, faricimab, or EB-107BIe. Slit-lamp photography found no signs of inflammation in the anterior chamber at any time points after IVT injection of test materials including vehicle, aflibercept, faricimab, and EB-107BIe.
[0293] Figure 19 shows representative images of optical coherence tomography ( “OCT” ) performed before dosing and at various time points after IVT injection. By termination of the study after 8 weeks of treatment, aflibercept, faricimab and EB-107BIe dramatically inhibited the formation of subretinal hyperreflective material ( “SHRM” ) when comparing eyes receiving vehicle. The white arrows in the right panel of OCT images point to SHRM in laser lesions of eyes treated with vehicle, aflibercept, faricimab or EB-107BIe. Arrows in the middle panel of images point to the status of vascular leakage in laser lesions that correspond to that scanned by OCT as indicated in the right panel images.
[0294] Figure 20 shows the results of the quantitative analysis of the average area of SHRM in laser spots showing grade III and IV CNV lesions before treatment and their changes overtime after treatment. Eyes receiving vehicle developed persistent SHRM pre-dosing, and 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after IVT injection. In contrast, EB-107BIe dramatically inhibited the formation of SHRM, with an efficacy comparable to aflibercept and faricimab.
[0295] NUCLEIC ACID AND AMINO ACID SEQUENCE LISTING
[0296] SEQUENCE LISTING
[0297] The contents of the electronic sequence listing (EB-107-Sequence_Listing_WIPO. xml; Size: 160 KB; and Date of Creation: November 15, 2023) is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.
[0298] While specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in the foregoing, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that many equivalents, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims
1.A multispecific fusion protein or antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof, comprising a DLL4-binding unit and a VEGF-binding unit with the proviso that when the multispecific fusion protein is a bispecific fusion protein, the VEGF-binding unit does not comprise a complementarity region ( “CDR” ) of a VEGF antibody or VEGF-binding fragment thereof.2.The multispecific fusion protein or antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof of claim 1, further comprising an Ang-2-binding unit.3.The multispecific fusion protein or antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof of claim 1 or 2, wherein the VEGF-binding unit comprises a plurality of Ig-like domains of a VEGF receptor selected from the group consisting of VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, and combinations thereof.4.The multispecific fusion protein or antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof of claim 3, wherein the VEGF-binding unit comprises VEGFR-1-D2 and VEGFR2-D3, linked together.5.The multispecific fusion protein or antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof of claim 1 or 2, wherein the DLL4-binding unit comprises an antibody against DLL4 or a DLL-4-binding polypeptide, and wherein the DLL-4-binding polypeptide comprises one or more extracellular EGF-like repeats of a Notch1 receptor.6.The multispecific fusion protein or antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof of claim 5, wherein the DLL4-binding unit comprises extracellular EGF-like repeats 11-13 of the Notch1 receptor.7.The multispecific fusion protein or antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof of claim 6, wherein the DLL4-binding unit comprises O-fucose-and Fringe-modified extracellular EGF-like repeats 11-13 of the Notch1 receptor.8.The multispecific fusion protein or antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof of claim 2, wherein the Ang-2-binding unit comprises an Ang-2 sdAb or an Ang-2-binding polypeptide.9.The multispecific fusion protein or antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof of claim 2, wherein the Ang-2-binding unit comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 6-11 and 37-44.10.The multispecific fusion protein or antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof of claim 1 or 2, wherein the multispecific fusion protein or antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof comprises a trispecific fusion protein capable of binding to DLL4, Ang-2, and at least a VEGF family member, and wherein the VEGF-binding unit comprises a VEGF antibody or a VEGF-binding fragment thereof.11.The multispecific fusion protein or antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof of claim 1, comprising an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 12-15, 22-29, 32-35, and 45-47.12.The multispecific fusion protein or antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof of any one of claims 1, 2, and 11, wherein said fusion protein or antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof is capable of binding to DLL4 and at least a VEGF family member with an equilibrium dissociation constant (KD) in the range from about 1x10-6 M to about 1x10-12 M or from about 1x10-8 M to about 1x10-12 M.13.The multispecific fusion protein or antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof of claim 2 or 11, wherein said antibody fusion protein or antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof is capable of binding to DLL4, Ang-2, and at least a VEGF family member with an equilibrium dissociation constant (KD) in the range from about 1x10-6 M to about 1x10-12 M or from about 1x10-8 M to about 1x10-12 M.14.An isolated nucleic acid molecule encoding a multispecific fusion protein or antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof of any one of claims 1, 2, and 11.15.An isolated nucleic acid molecule encoding a multispecific fusion protein or antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof of claim 4.16.An isolated nucleic acid molecule encoding a multispecific fusion protein or antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof of claim 7.17.An isolated nucleic acid molecule encoding a multispecific fusion protein or antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof of claim 8.18.An isolated nucleic acid molecule encoding a multispecific fusion protein or antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof of claim 10.19.An expression vector comprising the nucleic acid molecule of claim 14.20.An expression vector comprising the nucleic acid molecule of claim 15.21.An expression vector comprising the nucleic acid molecule of claim 16.22.A host-vector system comprising the expression vector of claim 19 in a host cell.23.A method of producing a substantially purified multispecific fusion protein, which method comprises: (a) growing cells of the host-vector system of claim 22 under conditions permitting production of the antibody fusion protein; and (b) recovering the antibody fusion protein to produce a recovered antibody fusion protein; and (c) purifying said recovered antibody fusion protein to produce the substantially purified antibody fusion protein.24.A method for treating or controlling at least a disease, condition, or disorder, in a subject in need thereof, which has etiology selected from the group consisting of aberrant angiogenesis, inflammation, fibrosis, and combinations thereof; wherein said method comprises administering to said subject an amount of a composition of a multispecific fusion protein or antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof of any one of claims 1-13.25.The method of claim 24; wherein said disease, condition, or disorder is selected from the group consisting of: macular edema resulting from diabetes, uveitis, central and branch retinal vein occlusion, choroidal neovascularization, nAMD, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy, myopic choroidal neovascularization, vascular leak, non-proliferative and proliferative diabetic retinopathy, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, corneal neovascularization, corneal inflammation, myopic neovascularization, and neovascular glaucoma.26.The method of claim 25; wherein the subject is administered with a dose of about 25-4000 micrograms of the multispecific fusion protein or antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof.27.The method of claim 26; wherein the composition is administered to the subject as an eye drop, a punctal plug, intracameral, retrobulbar, subconjunctival, peribulbar, subtenon, juxta-scleral, trans-scleral, intravitreal, subretinal, or suprachoroidal injection.28.The method of claim 26; wherein the composition is administered to the subject for a period of at least one month if intraocularly administered.29.The method of claim 26; wherein the composition is administered to the subject at a frequency of at least once per month if intraocularly administered.30.The method of claim 24, wherein said at least a disease, condition, or disorder is a systemic disease, condition, or disorder.31.The method of claim 30; wherein said systemic disease, condition, or disorder is selected from the group consisting of tumor growth, tumor metastasis, a combination of tumor growth and metastasis, rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, and psoriasis.32.A pharmaceutical composition for use to treat or control at least a disease, condition, or disorder, which has etiology selected from the group consisting of aberrant angiogenesis, inflammation, fibrosis, and combinations thereof; wherein said composition comprises a multispecific fusion protein or antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof of any one of claims 1-13.33.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 32, wherein the disease, condition, or disorder is selected from the group consisting of macular edema resulting from diabetes, uveitis, central and branch retinal vein occlusion, choroidal neovascularization, nAMD, PCV, myopic choroidal neovascularization, vascular leak, non-proliferative and proliferative diabetic retinopathy, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, corneal neovascularization, corneal inflammation, myopic neovascularization, neovascular glaucoma, tumor growth, tumor metastasis, a combination of tumor growth and metastasis, rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, and psoriasis.34.A pharmaceutical composition comprising an antibody fusion protein or antigen-binding fragment or domain thereof of any one of claims 1-13, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
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