Data transmission method and apparatus, and storage medium

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of communications, and provides a data transmission method and apparatus, and a storage medium. The data transmission method comprises: a base station generates a quality of service parameter, the quality of service parameter comprising at least one of the following: a quality of service control parameter used at a terminal side, a quality of service control parameter used at a base station side, and a data packet detection rule used at a base station side; the base station sends to a terminal the quality of service control parameter used at a terminal side; the base station establishes data connection with the terminal on the basis of the quality of service parameter and performs data transmission.

Description

Data transmission method, device and storage medium

[0001] Cross-references

[0002] This invention claims priority to Chinese patent application number 202311648493.5 filed with the Patent Office of China on December 1, 2023, entitled “Data Transmission Method, Device and Storage Medium”. The entire contents of this application are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular to a data transmission method, device, and storage medium. Background Art

[0004] The application of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in the fifth-generation mobile communication technology (5G) network has promoted the intelligent development of mobile communication networks and vertical industries. However, the application model of "patching" and "plug-in" has hindered the effectiveness of artificial intelligence (AI).

[0005] At the same time, the application and exploration of artificial intelligence across various industries is creating a demand for new fundamental capabilities in future networks. Towards the vision of a ubiquitous intelligent future, the 4th Generation mobile communication technology (6G) network must possess endogenous AI capabilities. Endogenous AI in 6G networks requires a complete operational environment within the 6G network architecture for the entire lifecycle of AI workflows, including data collection, data preprocessing, model training, model inference, and model evaluation. This requires a deep integration of the computing power, data, algorithms, and connectivity required for AI services with network functions, protocols, and processes. Supporting endogenous AI in networks will increase the complexity of the network environment, significantly increasing signaling volume and latency. Therefore, a data transmission method is urgently needed to improve network efficiency and performance.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present disclosure provides a data transmission method, device, and storage medium for changing the source of quality of service parameters, thereby simplifying the signaling interaction process. The technical solutions provided by the present disclosure are as follows:

[0008] On the one hand, a data transmission method is provided, which is applied to a base station, and the method includes: generating service quality parameters, the service quality parameters including at least one of the following: service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side, service quality control parameters adopted by the base station side, and data packet detection rules adopted by the base station side; establishing a data connection with the terminal based on the service quality parameters and performing data transmission.

[0009] On the other hand, a data transmission method is provided, which is applied to a terminal. The method includes: in the process of establishing a data connection, receiving service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side sent by the base station, where the service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side are service quality parameters generated by the base station; and transmitting data with the base station based on the service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side.

[0010] On the other hand, a data transmission device is provided, which is applied to a base station. The device includes: a processing module for generating service quality parameters, where the service quality parameters include at least one of the following: service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side, service quality control parameters adopted by the base station side, and data packet detection rules adopted by the base station side; a communication module for establishing a data connection with the terminal based on the service quality parameters and performing data transmission.

[0011] On the other hand, a data transmission device is provided, which is applied to a terminal. The device includes: a communication module, which is used to receive the service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side sent by the base station during the process of establishing a data connection, and the service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side are service quality parameters generated by the base station; the communication module is also used to transmit data with the base station based on the service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side.

[0012] On the other hand, a communication device is provided, comprising: a memory and a processor; the memory and the processor are coupled; the memory is used to store computer program instructions executable by the processor; and the data transmission method of any of the above embodiments is implemented when the processor executes the computer program instructions.

[0013] On the other hand, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which computer program instructions are stored. When the computer program instructions are executed on a computer (such as a communication device or a signal transmission device), the data transmission method of any of the above embodiments is implemented.

[0014] On the other hand, a computer program product is provided, which includes computer program instructions, and when the computer program instructions are executed, the data transmission method of any of the above embodiments is implemented. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] FIG1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the principles of classification and marking of user plane traffic and mapping of QoS Flow to radio resources according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0016] FIG2 is an interactive flow chart of an existing standard session establishment process provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0017] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0018] FIG4 is a schematic flow chart of a data transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0019] FIG5 is a schematic flow chart of another data transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0020] FIG6 is an interactive flow chart of a data transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0021] FIG7 is an interactive flow chart of another data transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0022] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0023] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of another data transmission device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0026] In the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, " / " means "or", for example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in this article is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. Words such as "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity and execution order, and words such as "first" and "second" do not limit them to be necessarily different.

[0027] It should be noted that in this disclosure, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described in this disclosure as "exemplary" or "for example" should not be construed as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0028] Overview of the Quality of Service (QoS) system:

[0029] 5G QoS features define the characteristic parameter sets used by each network node when processing each QoS flow. These parameter sets are divided into standardized QoS features and operator-specific QoS features. Standardized QoS features are associated with a fixed 5G QoS identifier (5G QoS Identifier, 5QI).

[0030] 5QI is a scalar used as a reference for 5G QoS characteristics, i.e., access node specific parameters that control the QoS forwarding processing of QoS Flows.

[0031] The 5QI is described in standard 23.501g70 as follows:

[0032] 1) 5G QoS features. The 5G QoS features associated with 5QI describe the edge-to-edge packet forwarding processing of QoS Flow between the terminal and the UPF, specifically manifested in the following performance characteristics:

[0033] 1. Resource type (non-guaranteed bit rate (GBR), GBR, delay-critical GBR).

[0034] 2. Priority.

[0035] 3. Packet error rate.

[0036] 4. Packet delay budget (including core network packet delay budget).

[0037] 5. Averaging Window (only applicable to GBR and latency-critical GBR resource types).

[0038] 6. Maximum data burst capacity (applicable only to latency-critical GBR resource types).

[0039] 2) Standardized 5QI to QoS feature mapping: For services that are considered to be frequently used and optimized by using standardized QoS features for signaling, standardized 5QI values ​​are specified. Dynamically assigned 5QI values ​​(which require QoS features to be signaled as part of the QoS profile) can be used for services for which no standardized 5QI values ​​are defined. The one-to-one mapping of standardized 5QI values ​​to 5G QoS features can be specified in Table 1. Table 1 only shows some examples.

[0040] Table 1

[0041] In a Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session, there is a unique QoS Flow ID (QFI) used to identify the QoS Flow (QFI corresponds one-to-one with 5QI, but this does not rule out decoupling this relationship in future versions). 5G provides QoS assurance based on QoS Flow, which is controlled by the Service Management Function (SMF) entity and established or reconfigured through the PDU session establishment process and the PDU session modification process.

[0042] QoS parameters:

[0043] The 5G core network uses QoS parameters to configure service quality parameters to implement QoS assurance and control at different network nodes. The service quality parameters include at least one of the following: the service quality control parameters used on the terminal side (denoted as QoS Rule), the service quality control parameters used on the base station side (denoted as QoS Profile), and the data packet detection rules (PDR) used on the base station side.

[0044] 1) The QoS Profile is configured by the SMF via the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) using the N2 interface to the base station, implementing QoS control on the base station side. 2) The QoS Rule and QoS parameters are provided by the SMF to the terminal via the AMF using the N1 interface, or the terminal implements QoS control on the terminal side through reflected QoS. 3) The PDR is provided by the SMF to the User Plane Function (UPF), and QoS control is implemented at the UPF node.

[0045] The QoS control parameters used by the base station (gNB) are transmitted by the SMF to the gNB via the AMF (PDU Session Resource Modify Request and PDU Session Resource Setup Request messages). Each QoS profile is associated with a QFI. The QoS profile consists of 5QI, Allocation and Retention Priority (ARP), Reflective QoS Attribute (RQA), Guarantee Flow Bit Rate (GFBR), Maximum Flow Bit Rate (MFBR), Notification Control, and Maximum Packet Loss Rate parameters.

[0046] The QoS control parameter QoS Rule used by the terminal is used to allocate and mark uplink user plane data services (QoS Rule associates uplink data with the corresponding QoS Flow). The QoS Rule AMF is explicitly provided to the terminal through the session establishment or adjustment process (PDU Session Establishment / Modification Procedure), or it is pre-configured or implicitly provided. The QoS Rule content includes 1) the QFI of the QoS Flow associated with the QoS Rule; 2) the data packet filter set (Packet Filter Set, PFS); 3) the relative priority value of the QoS Rule. In the uplink direction, when uplink data is generated: (1) the terminal compares the uplink data packet with the packet filter sets in multiple QoS Rules, and the comparison is performed in the order indicated by the priority value until a QoS Rule matching the data packet is found (the packet filter of this QoS Rule matches the uplink data packet); 2) if no matching QoS Rule is found, the packet is discarded; (3) the terminal uses the QFI corresponding to the matching OoS Rule to mark the user data and bundle it into the corresponding QoS Flow, and maps the QoS Flow to the wireless air interface resources at the Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer: (4) the access network (including the base station) passes the QoS Flow to the UPF through the N3 interface; (5) the UPF verifies whether the QFI value is associated with a QoS Rule sent to the terminal, or whether it is derived by the terminal from the reflected QoS; (6) the UPF uses the PDR to perform the Session Aggregate Maximum Bit Rate (Session-AMBR) operation and counts the packets for billing.

[0047] The QoS control parameters used by the UPF are PDRs. The PDR includes 1) the uplink or downlink data packet filter of the Service Data Flow template (SDF template); 2) PDR priority; 3) QoS implementation rules, such as the maximum bit rate of the Service Data Flow (SDF), the maximum bit rate of the GFBR, and the maximum bit rate of the GBR QoS Flow; 4) forwarding behavior rules; and 5) reflective QoS indication. The PDR is sent by the SMF to the UPF through the N4 session management process (e.g., N4 Session Establishment or N4 Session Modification) of the N4.

[0048] For example, FIG1 provides a schematic diagram of the classification and marking of user plane traffic and the mapping principle of QoS Flow to radio resources.

[0049] Data flow mapping and QoS control process:

[0050] In the downlink direction, when downlink data arrives: 1) The UPF classifies the data, marks it with a QFI, and controls QoS before forwarding it to the terminal. 2) The UPF uses the PDR to detect user data flows and map them to QoS flows. 3) The UPF performs operations such as Session-AMBR and counts packets for billing. 4) The UPF encapsulates the QFI and Reflective QoS activation indication into a header and transmits it to the Radio Access Network (RAN).

[0051] On the gNB side, the gNB maps the QoS Flow to air interface radio resources according to the RAN side rules (not a 1:1 mapping, the mapping rules are determined by the SDAP layer of the base station), and performs QoS operations according to the QoS configuration.

[0052] In the uplink direction, when uplink data is generated: 1) The terminal uses the QFI corresponding to the matching QoS Rule to mark the user data and bundle it into the corresponding QoS Flow, and maps the QoS Flow to the wireless air interface resources at the SDAP layer: 2) The access network passes the QoS Flow to the UPF through the N3 interface; 3) The UPF verifies whether the QFI value is associated with a QoS Rule sent to the terminal, or whether it is derived by the terminal from the reflective QoS; 4) The UPF uses the PDR to perform the Session-AMBR operation and count the packets for billing.

[0053] The future network will be an intelligent one. Currently, AI processing is primarily concentrated in the cloud. However, for air-interface-specific AI use cases, such as CSI feedback optimization, beam management, and positioning, uploading large amounts of data to the cloud via the terminal or RAN consumes significant resources and increases interaction time. If the terminal and RAN also have data collection, model training, and model storage capabilities—that is, if the entities responsible for data collection, model training, and model storage can be either the RAN or the terminal—overhead can be significantly reduced.

[0054] Model transmission scenarios may include the following: When a terminal requests an AI model, the RAN sends the trained AI model to the terminal; when the terminal requests model transmission, it sends its own trained model to the RAN. When the RAN requests an AI model, the terminal sends the trained AI model to the base station; when the RAN requests model transmission, it sends its own AI model to the terminal. The above processes demonstrate that the RAN or terminal requires a certain level of computing power, storage, and data processing capabilities. When the RAN sends data generated by the RAN to the terminal, the interactive process for session establishment can be further simplified.

[0055] For example, as shown in Figure 2, using the current standard session establishment process to configure QoS-related parameters, the terminal first sends a NAS message, namely, a PDU Session Establishment Request, to the AMF. The AMF then performs SMF selection, PDU Session secondary authentication and authorization, the SMF performs PCF selection, the SMF performs UPF selection, and the SMF sends a Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer message to the AMF. This message contains N2 SM information and N1 SM Container information, which are sent to the RAN and the terminal, respectively. QoS parameters are also transferred in the following process:

[0056] QoS Profile: The QoS control parameters used by the gNB include 5QI, ARP, RQA, GFBR, MPLR, etc. The SMF transmits these parameters to the gNB via the AMF using the N2 interface (PDU Session Resource Modify Request and PDU Session Resource Setup Request messages).

[0057] QoS Rule: The QoS control parameter used by the terminal is used to allocate and mark uplink user plane data services (i.e., the QoS Rule associates uplink data with the corresponding QoS Flow). The SMF uses the N1 interface PDU Session Establishment / Modification Procedure to explicitly provide the QoS Rule to the terminal, either pre-configured or implicitly.

[0058] PDR: QoS control parameters used by the UPF. PDR content includes 1) the uplink or downlink data packet filter of the SDF template; 2) PDR priority; 3) QoS implementation rules, such as the maximum bit rate of the SDF, the maximum bit rate of the GFBR and GBR QoS Flow; 4) forwarding behavior rules; 5) reflective QoS indication. It is sent by the SMF to the UPF through the N4 Session Management (e.g., N4 Session Establishment or N4 Session Modification) process of N4.

[0059] For future communication systems, new data generated within RAN, such as AI, will create a more complex network environment, significantly increasing the amount and latency of signaling transmission. Therefore, a data transmission method is urgently needed to streamline the signaling interaction process and improve network efficiency and performance.

[0060] In light of this, the present disclosure proposes a data transmission method in which a base station generates quality of service parameters. The quality of service parameters include at least one of the following: a quality of service control parameter used by a terminal, a quality of service control parameter used by a base station, and a data packet detection rule used by the base station. Compared to related technologies in which core network elements are responsible for generating and distributing these quality of service parameters, the present disclosure changes the source of these quality of service parameters, expands the parameters and types included in the quality of service parameters, and generates and distributes these quality of service parameters by the base station. This simplifies the signaling interaction process, reduces the number of signaling transmissions, and improves network response speed.

[0061] The data transmission method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to systems of various communication formats. For example, the data transmission method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to systems including, but not limited to, LTE systems, various versions based on LTE evolution, 5G systems, and other communication systems. In addition, the method for sending and receiving system messages provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can also be applied to future-oriented communication systems (such as 6G communication systems).

[0062] The network architecture of the mobile communication network (including but not limited to 3G, 4G, 5G and future mobile communication networks) in the embodiment of the present disclosure may include at least a first communication node and a second communication node. It should be understood that in this example, in the downlink, the first communication node may be a network side device (for example, including but not limited to a base station), and the second communication node may be a terminal side device (for example, including but not limited to a terminal). Of course, in the uplink, the first communication node may also be a terminal side device, and the second communication node may also be a network side device. In the device-to-device communication between the two communication nodes, the first communication node and the second communication node may both be a base station or a terminal. The first communication node and the second communication node may be referred to as the first node and the second node, respectively.

[0063] For example, taking the first communication node as a terminal and the second communication node as a base station, as shown in FIG3 , a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a terminal 10 and a base station 20. The terminal 10 and the base station 20 may be one or more, and the number is not limited.

[0064] In some embodiments, base station 20 provides wireless access services to terminal 10. A base station 20 provides at least one service coverage area (also called a cell). Terminal 10 entering this area can communicate with base station 20 via wireless signals to receive the wireless access services provided by base station 20.

[0065] In some embodiments, the base station can be a base station or an evolved base station (eNB or eNodeB) in long term evolution (LTE), long term evolution advanced (LTEA), a base station device in a 5G network, or a base station in a future communication system, etc. The base station can include various macro base stations, micro base stations, home base stations, wireless remote stations, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs), routers, relays, TRPs, wireless fidelity (WIFI) devices and other network side devices.

[0066] In some embodiments, the terminal can be a device with wireless transceiver function. The terminal can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal, an augmented reality (AR) terminal, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in self-driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical, a wireless terminal in smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in smart city, a wireless terminal in smart home, etc. The embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit the application scenarios. The terminal can sometimes also be referred to as a user, user equipment (UE), access terminal, UE unit, UE station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, UE terminal, wireless communication equipment, UE agent or UE device, etc., and the embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit this.

[0067] It should be noted that Figure 3 is only an exemplary framework diagram. The number of devices included in Figure 3 and the names of each device are not restricted. In addition to the devices shown in Figure 3, the communication system may also include other devices, such as core network devices.

[0068] The application scenarios of the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited. The system architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present disclosure are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure. It is known to those skilled in the art that with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0069] The present disclosure provides a data transmission method, which is applied to a base station. As shown in FIG4 , the method includes the following steps:

[0070] Step S101: The base station generates a quality of service parameter, which includes at least one of the following: a quality of service control parameter used by the terminal side, a quality of service control parameter used by the base station side, and a data packet detection rule used by the base station side.

[0071] In some embodiments, the service quality control parameter used by the base station side can be called QoS Profile, the service quality control parameter used by the terminal side can be called QoS Rule, and the data packet detection rule used by the base station side can be called PDR, which is not limited to this.

[0072] In some embodiments, the quality of service parameter is determined by the core network; or, the quality of service parameter is determined by the base station; or, the quality of service parameter is determined by the base station under the instruction of the core network.

[0073] In some embodiments, the service quality control parameters adopted on the base station side include service quality characteristic parameters, and the service quality characteristic parameters include at least one of the following: model size, number of model parameters, and resource type; wherein, the resource type includes at least one of the following: a first type, a second type; wherein, the first type is a type related to artificial intelligence, and the second type is a type related to services other than communication services.

[0074] For example, the second type is the integrated service type, where the integrated service type refers to other service-related types other than communication services, such as computing, perception, and intelligent service types.

[0075] Among them, the two parameters, model size and number of model parameters, are applicable to types related to artificial intelligence and are used to characterize the size (unit: Mbyte) and number of parameters of the AI ​​model.

[0076] For example, to adapt to the above embodiment, the protocol is modified to address the 5G QoS features related to 5QI. These features describe the packet forwarding processing method between the QoS Flow from the UE to the UPF, and after modification, the following performance characteristics are specifically manifested:

[0077] 1. Resource type (non-GBR, GBR, latency-critical GBR, AI service).

[0078] 2. Priority.

[0079] 3. Packet delay budget (including core network packet delay budget).

[0080] 4. Packet error rate.

[0081] 5. Averaging Window (only applicable to GBR and latency-critical GBR resource types).

[0082] 6. Maximum data burst capacity (applicable only to latency-critical GBR resource types).

[0083] 7. Model size.

[0084] 8. Number of model parameters.

[0085] In some embodiments, the quality of service control parameters used on the base station side include computing power parameters.

[0086] In some embodiments, the computing power parameter includes at least one of the following: data privacy level, floating point operations per second (FLOPS), and generalized performance parameters.

[0087] The data privacy level determines the range of nodes with which data can be exchanged, based on the sensitivity and privacy requirements of the data. Different data privacy levels represent different data transmission scopes and protection levels. Based on the sensitivity and privacy requirements of the data, you can select the appropriate data privacy level to ensure proper data processing and protection.

[0088] FLOPS represents at least one of the following: the amount of computing power required per second for this AI task, Trillions of Operations Per Second (TOPs), and Multiply-Accumulate Operations (MACs). The base station can use this FLOPS to determine the computing resources to allocate to the service.

[0089] The generalization performance parameter (GPP) is a metric used to evaluate model performance in machine learning. It characterizes a model's ability to generalize across different scenarios. It can help evaluate and select models with better performance in real-world applications.

[0090] In some embodiments, the base station can determine the nodes with which data can be exchanged based on the data privacy level. Data privacy options include: data transmission only within the UE and RAN (including OAM), UE internal data, and data transmission involving the UE, RAN, and CN. Internal data is defined as raw data that exists only within one or more entities and requires encryption for external transmission, or only result data is transmitted externally.

[0091] In some embodiments, the generalization performance parameter is the ratio of the number of scenarios with performance gains exceeding a preset ratio compared to the baseline value under different scenario combinations (e.g., different deployments, different frequencies, indoor / outdoor, number of transmit / receive antennas, and mobile speed). For example, if a total of 1000 models are evaluated and 900 models ultimately achieve a performance gain exceeding 0.9%, the generalization performance parameter for that model is 900 / 1000 = 90%.

[0092] For example, based on the description of the above embodiment, the configuration modification related to the QoS profile in the protocol can be implemented as follows:

[0093] QoS Profile, QoS Flow can be classified as "GBR" or "Non-GBR" according to its QoS profile. The QoS profile of a QoS Flow sends its QoS parameters to the (R)AN, which contains the following QoS parameters:

[0094] (1) For each QoS Flow, the QoS profile should include the following QoS parameters: 5G QoS Identifier (5QI), Allocation and Retention Priority (ARP).

[0095] (2) For non-GBR QoS Flow only, the QoS profile may also include the following QoS parameters: Reflective QoS Attribute (RQA).

[0096] (3) For GBR QoS Flow only, the QoS profile should include the following QoS parameters: uplink and downlink guaranteed flow bit rate (GFBR), uplink and downlink maximum flow bit rate (MFBR).

[0097] (4) For GBR QoS Flow only, the QoS profile may also include one or more of the following QoS parameters: notification control, uplink and downlink maximum packet loss rate, FLOPS (floating point operations per second) / TOPs / MACs, data privacy level, and generalized performance parameters.

[0098] It is understandable that as base station functions expand from communication functions to support intelligence, perception, computing and other functions, QoS Profile parameters and QoS characteristics also need to be expanded. After the introduction of AI services, it is necessary to specify the size of the model and the model parameters, both of which directly affect the required rate when the model is transmitted. In addition, since AI services require more than just time-frequency and space-code resources, the service quality control parameters used on the base station side are introduced into the computing power parameters. Based on the computing power parameters, the base station can more accurately allocate computing resources for AI services, including processor performance, memory capacity, storage space, etc. By rationally configuring and managing these resources, the efficient operation of AI services on the base station side can be guaranteed and the required computing requirements can be met.

[0099] Step S102: The base station establishes a data connection with the terminal based on the quality of service parameters and performs data transmission.

[0100] The data may be text, images, audio, video or other types of data, or it may be some new types of data, such as data related to artificial intelligence, data related to computing power, data related to perception, and data related to network data collection or management.

[0101] Based on this, compared to related technologies where core network elements are responsible for generating and issuing these QoS parameters, the present disclosure changes the source of these QoS parameters, expands the parameters and types included in the QoS parameters, and generates and issues these QoS parameters by the base station. This simplifies the signaling interaction process, reduces the number of signaling transmissions, and improves network response speed. Furthermore, the base station and terminal can establish a data connection and transmit data based on the QoS parameters, improving data transmission efficiency.

[0102] For example, QoS Profile and PDR can be generated autonomously by the base station based on the data generated by the base station under the instruction of the core network, thus eliminating the need for the AMF to send QoS Profile signaling to the base station. The base station then assumes some of the functions of the SMF and UPF, generates the PDR, and performs packet filtering of downlink data based on the PDR. In addition, the QoS Rule can also be sent directly to the terminal by the base station via Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, rather than the AMF transparently transmitting it to the UE via NAS messages, reducing the number of signaling transmissions and improving network efficiency.

[0103] The present disclosure provides a data transmission method, which is applied to a terminal. As shown in FIG5 , the method includes the following steps:

[0104] Step S201: During the process of establishing a data connection, the terminal receives a service quality control parameter adopted by the terminal side sent by the base station. The service quality control parameter adopted by the terminal side is a service quality parameter generated by the base station.

[0105] In some embodiments, the quality of service parameter further includes at least one of the following: a quality of service control parameter adopted by the base station side, and a data packet detection rule adopted by the base station side.

[0106] In some embodiments, the quality of service parameter is determined by the core network; or, the quality of service parameter is determined by the base station; or, the quality of service parameter is determined by the base station under the instruction of the core network.

[0107] In some embodiments, the service quality control parameters adopted on the base station side include service quality characteristic parameters, and the service quality characteristic parameters include at least one of the following: model size, number of model parameters, and resource type; wherein, the resource type includes at least one of the following: a first type, a second type; wherein, the first type is a type related to artificial intelligence, and the second type is a type related to other services except communication services.

[0108] For example, the second type is the integrated service type, where the integrated service type refers to other service-related types other than communication services, such as computing, perception, and intelligent service types.

[0109] For example, to adapt to the above embodiment, the protocol is modified to address the 5G QoS features related to 5QI. These features describe the packet forwarding processing method between the QoS Flow from the UE to the UPF, and after modification, the following performance characteristics are specifically manifested:

[0110] 1. Resource type (non-GBR, GBR, latency-critical GBR, AI service).

[0111] 2. Priority.

[0112] 3. Packet delay budget (including core network packet delay budget).

[0113] 4. Packet error rate.

[0114] 5. Averaging Window (only applicable to GBR and latency-critical GBR resource types).

[0115] 6. Maximum data burst capacity (applicable only to latency-critical GBR resource types).

[0116] 7. Model size.

[0117] 8. Number of model parameters.

[0118] Among them, the two parameters, model size and number of model parameters, are applicable to types related to artificial intelligence and are used to characterize the size (unit: Mbyte) and number of parameters of the AI ​​model.

[0119] In some embodiments, the quality of service control parameters used by the base station include computing power parameters.

[0120] In some embodiments, the computing power parameter includes at least one of the following: data privacy level, floating-point operations per second, and generalization performance parameters.

[0121] For details about the computing power parameters, please refer to the description of the computing power parameters in S101.

[0122] Step S202: The terminal transmits data with the base station based on the quality of service control parameters adopted by the terminal side.

[0123] The data may be text, images, audio, video or other types of data, or it may be some new types of data, such as data related to artificial intelligence, data related to computing power, data related to perception, and data related to network data collection or management.

[0124] Based on this, during the data connection establishment process, the terminal receives the terminal-side QoS control parameters sent by the base station and transmits data with the base station based on the terminal-side QoS control parameters. Compared to the related art where the terminal-side QoS control parameters are transparently transmitted to the terminal by the AMF via NAS messages, this reduces the number of signaling transmissions and improves network efficiency.

[0125] The present disclosure provides another data transmission method. As shown in FIG6 , the method includes the following steps:

[0126] Step S301: The base station generates service quality parameters, which at least include service quality control parameters used by the terminal side.

[0127] The service quality parameters are determined by the core network; or, the service quality parameters are determined by the base station; or, the service quality parameters are determined by the base station under the instruction of the core network.

[0128] In some embodiments, the quality of service parameter further includes at least one of the following: a quality of service control parameter adopted by the base station side, and a data packet detection rule adopted by the base station side.

[0129] Step S302: The base station sends a first message to the terminal; correspondingly, the terminal receives the first message sent by the base station; the first message is used to request establishment of a data connection, and the first message includes a service quality control parameter used by the terminal side.

[0130] In some embodiments, the first message is carried in at least one of the following: radio resource control RRC signaling, a media access control element (MAC CE), or a non-access stratum NAS message.

[0131] In some embodiments, the encoding format used by the first message is TLV format, wherein the TLV format is a data format based on Tag-Length-Value (Tag-Length-Value).

[0132] In the related art, the PDR NAS signaling is in TLV format. For simplicity, the first message may also be sent to the terminal by carrying the encapsulated NAS message in an RRC message.

[0133] Step S303: The terminal sends a second message to the base station; correspondingly, the base station receives the second message sent by the terminal; the second message is used to respond to the first message.

[0134] In some embodiments, the second message is carried in at least one of the following: RRC signaling, MAC CE, and downlink control information (DCI).

[0135] In some embodiments, the second message may also be carried in a NAS message. In the case where the second message is carried in a NAS message instead of an RRC signaling, the second message needs to be sent to the core network at the same time for annotation in order to execute subsequent processes.

[0136] Step S304: The base station and the terminal perform data transmission based on the quality of service control parameters adopted by the terminal side.

[0137] The data may be text, images, audio, video or other types of data, or it may be some new types of data, such as data related to artificial intelligence, data related to computing power, data related to perception, and data related to network data collection or management.

[0138] Based on this, the service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side are carried in the first message generated by the base station and sent directly to the terminal. Compared with the related technology in which the service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side are transparently transmitted to the UE through the NAS message by the AMF, the number of signaling transmissions is reduced and the network efficiency is improved.

[0139] The present disclosure provides another data transmission method, as shown in FIG7 , which includes the following steps:

[0140] Step S401: The terminal sends a fourth message to the base station; correspondingly, the base station receives the fourth message sent by the terminal; the fourth message is used to request to establish a data connection.

[0141] In some embodiments, the fourth message is carried in at least one of the following: RRC signaling, MAC CE, or DCI.

[0142] In some embodiments, the fourth message may also be carried in a NAS message. When the fourth message is carried in a NAS message instead of an RRC signaling, the fourth message is sent to the core network for annotation so as to execute subsequent processes.

[0143] Step S402: The base station generates service quality parameters, which at least include service quality control parameters used by the terminal side.

[0144] The service quality parameters are determined by the core network; or, the service quality parameters are determined by the base station; or, the service quality parameters are determined by the base station under the instruction of the core network.

[0145] In some embodiments, the quality of service parameter further includes at least one of the following: a quality of service control parameter adopted by the base station side, and a data packet detection rule adopted by the base station side.

[0146] Step S403: The base station sends a third message to the terminal; correspondingly, the terminal receives the third message sent by the base station; the third message is used to respond to the fourth message, and the third message includes the service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side.

[0147] In some embodiments, the third message is carried in at least one of the following: RRC signaling, MAC CE, or NAS message.

[0148] In some embodiments, the encoding format used by the third message is TLV format.

[0149] In the related art, the PDR NAS signaling is in TLV format. For simplicity, the first message may also be sent to the terminal by carrying the encapsulated NAS message in an RRC message.

[0150] Step S404: The base station and the terminal perform data transmission based on the quality of service control parameters adopted by the terminal side.

[0151] The data may be text, images, audio, video or other types of data, or it may be some new types of data, such as data related to artificial intelligence, data related to computing power, data related to perception, and data related to network data collection or management.

[0152] It is understandable that if the transmission only involves the RAN and the UE, then only the RRC connection is sufficient and the N2 connection becomes optional. That is, when the RAN and the UE perform internal data transmission, only the RRC connection can be established, or both the RRC connection and the N2 connection can be established.

[0153] Based on this, the service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side are carried in the third message generated by the base station and sent directly to the terminal. Compared with the related technology in which the service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side are transparently transmitted to the UE through the NAS message by the AMF, the number of signaling transmissions is reduced and the network efficiency is improved.

[0154] The above mainly introduces the solution of the embodiment of the present disclosure from the perspective of method. The following also shows a data transmission device, which is used to execute the data transmission method in any of the above embodiments and possible implementations thereof.

[0155] It is understandable that, in order to implement the data transmission method, the data transmission device includes hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function; those skilled in the art should easily realize that, in combination with the algorithm steps of each example described in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the present disclosure can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in a hardware or computer software driven hardware manner depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present disclosure.

[0156] The embodiments of the present disclosure can divide the data transmission device into functional modules according to the above-mentioned method embodiments. For example, each functional module can be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one functional module. The above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or software. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiments of the present disclosure is schematic and is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. The following is an example of dividing each functional module corresponding to each function.

[0157] FIG8 is a diagram of a data transmission device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, which is applied to a base station. The data transmission device 800 includes: a processing module 801 and a communication module 802 .

[0158] The processing module 801 is configured to generate a quality of service parameter, which includes at least one of the following: a quality of service control parameter used by the terminal side, a quality of service control parameter used by the base station side, and a data packet detection rule used by the base station side.

[0159] The communication module 802 is configured to establish a data connection with a terminal based on the quality of service parameters and perform data transmission.

[0160] In some embodiments, the communication module 802 is configured to send the quality of service control parameters adopted by the terminal side to the terminal when the quality of service parameters include quality of service control parameters adopted by the terminal side.

[0161] In some embodiments, the communication module 802 is further configured to send a first message to the terminal, where the first message is used to request establishment of a data connection, and the first message includes a quality of service control parameter used by the terminal side.

[0162] In some embodiments, the communication module 802 is further configured to receive a second message sent by the terminal, where the second message is used to respond to the first message.

[0163] In some embodiments, the first message is carried in at least one of the following: radio resource control RRC signaling, media access control element MAC CE, non-access stratum NAS message; the second message is carried in at least one of the following: RRC signaling, MAC CE, downlink control information DCI.

[0164] In some embodiments, the communication module 802 is further configured to send a third message to the terminal, where the third message is used to respond to the fourth message, and the third message includes a quality of service control parameter used by the terminal side.

[0165] In some embodiments, the communication module 802 is further configured to receive a fourth message sent by the terminal, where the fourth message is used to request establishment of a data connection.

[0166] In some embodiments, the third message is carried in at least one of the following: RRC signaling, MAC CE, NAS message; the fourth message is carried in at least one of the following: RRC signaling, MAC CE, DCI.

[0167] In some embodiments, the quality of service parameter is determined by the core network; or, the quality of service parameter is determined by the base station; or, the quality of service parameter is determined by the base station under the instruction of the core network.

[0168] In some embodiments, the service quality control parameters adopted on the base station side include service quality characteristic parameters, and the service quality characteristic parameters include at least one of the following: model size, number of model parameters, and resource type; wherein, the resource type includes at least one of the following: a first type, a second type; wherein, the first type is a type related to artificial intelligence, and the second type is a type related to services other than communication services.

[0169] In some embodiments, the quality of service control parameters used on the base station side include computing power parameters.

[0170] In some embodiments, the computing power parameter includes at least one of the following: data privacy level, floating-point operations per second, and generalization performance parameters.

[0171] FIG9 is another data transmission device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, which is applied to a terminal. The data transmission device 900 includes: a communication module 901 .

[0172] The communication module 901 is configured to receive, during the process of establishing a data connection, a service quality control parameter adopted by the terminal side and sent by the base station, where the service quality control parameter adopted by the terminal side is a service quality parameter generated by the base station;

[0173] The communication module 901 is further configured to transmit data with the base station based on the quality of service control parameters adopted by the terminal side.

[0174] In some embodiments, the communication module 901 is further configured to receive a first message sent by a base station, where the first message is used to request establishment of a data connection, and the first message includes a quality of service control parameter used by the terminal side.

[0175] In some embodiments, the communication module 901 is configured to send a second message to the base station, where the second message is used to respond to the first message.

[0176] In some embodiments, the first message is carried in at least one of the following: radio resource control RRC signaling, media access control element MAC CE, non-access stratum NAS message; the second message is carried in at least one of the following: RRC signaling, MAC CE, downlink control information DCI.

[0177] In some embodiments, the communication module 901 is used to receive a third message sent by the base station, where the third message is used to respond to the fourth message, and the third message includes a quality of service control parameter used by the terminal side.

[0178] In some embodiments, the communication module 901 is configured to send a fourth message to the base station, where the fourth message is used to request establishment of a data connection.

[0179] In some embodiments, the third message is carried in at least one of the following: RRC signaling, MAC CE, NAS message; the fourth message is carried in at least one of the following: RRC signaling, MAC CE, DCI.

[0180] In some embodiments, the quality of service parameter is determined by the core network; or, the quality of service parameter is determined by the base station; or, the quality of service parameter is determined by the base station under the instruction of the core network.

[0181] In some embodiments, the service quality control parameters adopted on the base station side include service quality characteristic parameters, and the service quality characteristic parameters include at least one of the following: model size, number of model parameters, and resource type; wherein, the resource type includes at least one of the following: a first type, a second type; wherein, the first type is a type related to artificial intelligence, and the second type is a type related to services other than communication services.

[0182] In some embodiments, the quality of service control parameters used by the base station include computing power parameters.

[0183] In some embodiments, the computing power parameter includes at least one of the following: data privacy level, floating-point operations per second, and generalization performance parameters.

[0184] In the case of implementing the functions of the above-mentioned integrated modules in hardware, the embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a possible structure of a communication device for executing the data transmission method provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 10, the communication device 100 includes: a communication interface 103, a processor 102, and a bus 104. Optionally, the communication device may also include a memory 101.

[0185] Processor 102 may implement or execute the various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the embodiments of this disclosure. Processor 102 may be a central processing unit, a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field-programmable gate array, or other programmable logic device, a transistor logic device, a hardware component, or any combination thereof. It may implement or execute the various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the embodiments of this disclosure. Processor 102 may also be a combination that implements computing functions, such as a combination of one or more microprocessors, or a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor.

[0186] The communication interface 103 is used to connect to other devices via a communication network, such as Ethernet, wireless access network, or wireless local area network (WLAN).

[0187] The memory 101 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto.

[0188] As a possible implementation, the memory 101 can exist independently of the processor 102. The memory 101 can be connected to the processor 102 via a bus 104 to store instructions or program codes. When the processor 102 calls and executes the instructions or program codes stored in the memory 101, the data transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure can be implemented.

[0189] In another possible implementation, the memory 101 may also be integrated with the processor 102 .

[0190] Bus 104 can be an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. Bus 104 can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, FIG10 shows only one thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0191] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a computer-readable storage medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium), which stores computer program instructions. When the computer program instructions are executed on a computer, the computer executes the data transmission method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0192] In an exemplary embodiment, the computer may be the aforementioned communication device, and the present disclosure does not limit the specific form of the computer.

[0193] In some examples, the computer-readable storage media described above may include, but are not limited to, magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disks, floppy disks, or magnetic tapes), optical disks (e.g., compact disks (CDs), digital versatile disks (DVDs), etc.), smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., erasable programmable read-only memories (EPROMs), cards, sticks, or key drives, etc.). The various computer-readable storage media described in this disclosure may represent one or more devices and / or other machine-readable storage media for storing information. The term "machine-readable storage medium" may include, but is not limited to, wireless channels and various other media capable of storing, containing, and / or carrying instructions and / or data.

[0194] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer program product comprising instructions. When the computer program product is run on a computer, the computer is enabled to execute the data transmission method described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0195] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, but the scope of protection of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present disclosure should be included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present disclosure should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A data transmission method, wherein: Applied to a base station, the method comprises: Generate a quality of service parameter, wherein the quality of service parameter includes at least one of the following: a quality of service control parameter adopted by the terminal side, a quality of service control parameter adopted by the base station side, and a data packet detection rule adopted by the base station side; A data connection is established with the terminal based on the service quality parameter and data transmission is performed.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The method further comprises: In a case where the service quality parameters at least include a service quality control parameter adopted by the terminal side, the service quality control parameter adopted by the terminal side is sent to the terminal.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The sending the service quality control parameter adopted by the terminal side to the terminal includes: A first message is sent to the terminal, where the first message is used to request to establish a data connection, and the first message includes a service quality control parameter used by the terminal side.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein: The method further comprises: A second message sent by the terminal is received, where the second message is used to respond to the first message.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein: The first message is carried in at least one of the following: radio resource control RRC signaling, media access control element MAC CE, non-access layer NAS message; the second message is carried in at least one of the following: RRC signaling, MAC CE, downlink control information DCI.

6. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The sending the service quality control parameter adopted by the terminal side to the terminal includes: A third message is sent to the terminal, where the third message is used to respond to the fourth message, and the third message includes a service quality control parameter adopted by the terminal side.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein: Before sending the third message to the terminal, the method further includes: The fourth message sent by the terminal is received, where the fourth message is used to request to establish a data connection.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein: The third message is carried in at least one of the following items: RRC signaling, MAC CE, and NAS message; the fourth message is carried in at least one of the following items: RRC signaling, MAC CE, and DCI.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The service quality parameter is determined by the core network; or, the service quality parameter is determined by the base station; or, the service quality parameter is determined by the base station under the instruction of the core network.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The service quality control parameters adopted by the base station side include service quality characteristic parameters, and the service quality characteristic parameters include at least one of the following: model size, number of model parameters, and resource type; wherein, the resource type includes at least one of the following: a first type and a second type; wherein, the first type is a type related to artificial intelligence, and the second type is a type related to services other than communication services.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The service quality control parameters used by the base station side include computing power parameters.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein: The computing power parameters include at least one of the following: data privacy level, number of floating-point operations per second, and generalization performance parameters.

13. A data transmission method, wherein: Applied to a terminal, the method comprises: In the process of establishing a data connection, receiving a service quality control parameter adopted by a terminal side and sent by a base station, where the service quality control parameter adopted by the terminal side belongs to a service quality parameter generated by the base station; Data is transmitted with the base station based on the service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein: The service quality control parameters used by the terminal side sent by the receiving base station include: A first message sent by the base station is received, where the first message is used to request to establish a data connection, and the first message includes a service quality control parameter used by the terminal side.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein: The method further comprises: A second message is sent to the base station, where the second message is used to respond to the first message.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein: The first message is carried in at least one of the following: radio resource control RRC signaling, media access control element MAC CE, non-access layer NAS message; the second message is carried in at least one of the following: RRC signaling, MAC CE, downlink control information DCI.

17. The method according to claim 13, wherein: The receiving base station sends a service quality control parameter adopted by the terminal side, including: A third message sent by the base station is received, where the third message is used to respond to a fourth message, and the third message includes a service quality control parameter adopted by the terminal side.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein: Before receiving the third message sent by the base station, the method further includes: The fourth message is sent to the base station, where the fourth message is used to request to establish a data connection.

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein: The third message is carried in at least one of the following items: RRC signaling, MAC CE, and NAS message; the fourth message is carried in at least one of the following items: RRC signaling, MAC CE, and DCI.

20. The method according to claim 13, wherein: The service quality parameter is determined by the core network; or, the service quality parameter is determined by the base station; or, the service quality parameter is determined by the base station under the instruction of the core network.

21. The method according to claim 13, wherein: The service quality control parameters adopted by the base station side include service quality characteristic parameters, and the service quality characteristic parameters include at least one of the following: model size, number of model parameters, and resource type; wherein, the resource type includes at least one of the following: a first type and a second type; wherein, the first type is a type related to artificial intelligence, and the second type is a type related to services other than communication services.

22. The method according to claim 13, wherein: The service quality control parameters used by the base station include computing power parameters.

23. The method according to claim 22, wherein: The computing power parameters include at least one of the following: data privacy level, number of floating-point operations per second, and generalization performance parameters.

24. A communication device, wherein: include: Memory and processor; Memory and processor coupling; The memory is used to store instructions executable by the processor; When the processor executes the instructions, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 23 is performed.

25. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are executed on a communication device, the communication device is caused to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 23.

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