Visual workover operation method and operation device

Abstract

A visual workover operation method and an operation device. The method comprises the following steps: lowering; anchoring; catching: a fishing structure of a downhole tool string moving forwards to catch a fish, specifically, monitoring pressure information of the fishing structure, and, on the basis of the pressure information, determining whether the fishing structure has caught the fish; sticking releasing: the fishing structure of the downhole tool string moving backwards to fish up the fish, specifically, monitoring tension information of the fishing structure, and, on the basis of the tension information, determining whether the fishing structure has fished up the fish; and unanchoring: separating an anchoring sub from a wellbore wall for unanchoring, specifically, monitoring anchoring pressure information within the anchoring sub, and, on the basis of the anchoring pressure information, determining an anchoring state of the anchoring sub; monitoring angular displacement information and travel displacement information of a rotating shaft of a motor; and, on the basis of the angular displacement information, the travel displacement information and the anchoring state, determining an operational state of the downhole tool string.

Description

Visual well repair operation method and operation device

[0001] Related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to the Chinese invention patent application with application number 202311635830.7 filed on November 30, 2023, and cites the entire contents disclosed in the above patent application as part of this application. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of oil and gas well repair engineering, and in particular, to a visual well repair operation method and operation device. Background Art

[0004] During the production process of oil and gas wells, downhole accidents and other reasons can prevent the wells from operating normally. This is especially true when a stuck drill or fallen objects occur, leading to reduced or even shutdown production. In severe cases, the well can even be scrapped. Well repair and salvage operations, as an essential component of downhole operations, effectively address downhole fish accidents and are a crucial measure to ensure normal oilfield production. Currently, my country's conventional well repair and salvage tools are available in a wide variety and specifications, with a basic standardization of specifications. However, within conventional well repair and salvage operations, salvage technology is relatively underdeveloped, with changes in the traction force of the wellhead tubing often used to infer whether the fish has been salvaged. This makes it difficult to assess the specific downhole conditions, making fish salvage challenging. In recent years, the development of downhole television and downhole monitoring technologies has made downhole salvage, which integrates these technologies, possible, a viable and innovative well repair model. At the same time, with the rapid expansion of horizontal well applications and the continuous increase in faulty wells, the tubing in the horizontal well salvage process is misaligned and the axial force transmission is complex. It is even more difficult to judge the downhole conditions only by the force changes on the wellhead tubing. Therefore, the function of visualizing the downhole working conditions is an urgent need for salvage operations.

[0005] Common salvage methods include: active tubing, jarring, cutting, mechanical undercutting, and milling. Existing salvage technologies often require operators to rely on experience to handle incidents. The salvage process is not visually identifiable, making it impossible to accurately assess the presence of fish in the hole before and after salvage measures are implemented. This also prevents timely adjustments to salvage plans based on specific downhole conditions.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a visual well repair operation method and operation device to solve the technical problem that it is difficult to judge the downhole conditions only by the force changes of the wellhead pipe string during the current salvage operation, resulting in great difficulty in salvaging fallen fish.

[0008] The above-mentioned objectives of the present disclosure can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0009] The present disclosure provides a visualized well repair operation method, comprising the following steps: lowering: lowering a downhole tool string to a designated operation position in the well; anchoring: anchoring an anchoring sub of the downhole tool string to a well wall; capturing: a motor of the downhole tool string drives a salvage structure of the downhole tool string to move forward through a transmission structure to capture a fallen fish; wherein, pressure information of the salvage structure is monitored, and whether the salvage structure has captured the fallen fish is determined based on the pressure information; releasing: a motor of the downhole tool string drives the salvage structure of the downhole tool string to move backward through a transmission structure to retrieve the fallen fish; wherein, tension information of the salvage structure is monitored, and whether the salvage structure has retrieved the fallen fish is determined based on the tension information; releasing: separating the anchoring sub from the well wall to release the anchoring; wherein, anchoring pressure information in the anchoring sub is monitored, and the anchoring state of the anchoring sub is determined based on the anchoring pressure information; monitoring angular displacement information and travel displacement information of a rotating shaft of the motor; and determining a process state of the downhole tool string based on the angular displacement information, the travel displacement information and the anchoring state.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the lowering step includes: lowering the downhole tool string until the salvage structure of the downhole tool string is close to the fallen fish; wherein, the downhole television module collects first image information close to the salvage end of the salvage structure, and determines whether the salvage structure is close to the fallen fish based on the first image information.

[0011] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, after the anchoring step and before the capturing step, the following steps are also included: Recovery: The motor of the downhole tool string drives the salvage structure of the downhole tool string through the transmission structure to move forward until the downhole TV module contacts the fallen fish, and the downhole TV module moves backward.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the capturing step further includes: a downhole television module collecting second image information of the salvaging end of the salvaging structure capturing the fallen fish within the salvaging structure, and judging whether the salvaging structure has captured the fallen fish based on the second image information.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the jamming step further includes: the downhole television module collects third image information of the salvaging end of the salvaging structure catching the fallen fish in the salvaging structure, and determines whether the salvaging structure has caught the fallen fish based on the third image information.

[0014] The present disclosure also provides a visual well repair operation device, comprising: an upper computer; a cable, one end of which is located on the ground and is electrically connected to the upper computer; a downhole tool string, comprising a salvage structure and a communication short section, a measurement and control short section, a force-boosting short section and an anchoring short section connected in sequence, the end of the cable located downhole is electrically connected to the measurement and control short section through the communication short section, the force-boosting short section comprises a motor and a transmission structure, the motor is electrically connected to the measurement and control short section, the rear end of the transmission structure is connected to the rotating shaft of the motor, and the front end of the transmission structure is connected to the salvage structure through the anchoring short section; a visualization mechanism, mounted on the downhole tool string, the visualization mechanism is electrically connected to the communication short section, and can obtain working information of the downhole tool string during the salvage process and transmit the working information to the upper computer through the communication short section; wherein the working information includes image information, mechanical information and / or displacement information.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the visualization mechanism includes a virtual visualization structure, which is used to obtain mechanical information and displacement information of the downhole tool string during the fishing process.

[0016] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the virtual visualization structure includes a photoelectric encoder, a hydraulic sensor, and a tensile and compressive sensor. The photoelectric encoder is installed on the rotating shaft of the motor and is electrically connected to the measurement and control short section. The hydraulic sensor is installed in the anchor cavity of the anchoring short section, and the tensile and compressive sensor is installed on the salvage structure. The mechanical information includes the pressure information in the anchor cavity obtained by the hydraulic sensor and the force information of the salvage structure obtained by the tensile and compressive sensor. The displacement information includes the angular displacement information of the rotating shaft of the motor obtained by the photoelectric encoder and the travel displacement information of the salvage structure generated based on the processing of the angular displacement information.

[0017] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the visualization mechanism includes an image visualization structure, which is used to obtain image information of the salvage structure and / or the fallen fish during the salvage process.

[0018] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the image visualization structure includes an elastic telescopic structure, a recovery cabin and a downhole television module, the recovery cabin is installed in the salvage structure, the rear end of the elastic telescopic structure is fixed in the recovery cabin, the front end of the elastic telescopic structure is connected to the downhole television module, and the downhole television module is electrically connected to the communication short section; a radially movable limiter is provided on the recovery cabin, the limiter abuts against the downhole television module and limits the elastic telescopic structure to be installed in the recovery cabin in a stretched state, and the image acquisition end of the downhole television module is arranged near the salvage end of the salvage structure; wherein, the downhole television module moves forward with the salvage structure to a state of abutment with the fallen fish, and the limiter can move away under the squeezing action of the downhole television module, so that the front end of the elastic telescopic structure elastically retracts and drives the downhole television module to move into the recovery cabin.

[0019] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the image visualization structure further includes a communication module and a battery module. The downhole television module is electrically connected to the communication short section through the communication module. The battery is installed in the salvage structure and electrically connected to the downhole television module.

[0020] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the booster sub also includes a booster sub housing, which is connected to the anchoring sub, and the motor and transmission structure are installed in the booster sub housing. The transmission structure includes a coupling, a transmission screw, a transmission nut and a push rod; the rotating shaft of the motor is connected to the rear end of the transmission screw through the coupling, and the front end of the transmission screw is connected to the rear end of the push rod through the transmission nut, and the transmission nut and the booster sub housing are arranged to slide along the axial direction of the booster sub, and the front end of the push rod passes through the anchoring sub and is connected to the salvage structure.

[0021] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the measurement and control sub and the booster sub are connected with a crawler sub, and the crawler sub is used to drive the downhole tool string to move in the horizontal well.

[0022] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the visual well repair operation device further includes a cable lowering vehicle, on which the cable is wound, and the cable lowering vehicle can control the lowering of the cable.

[0023] The features and advantages of the present disclosure are:

[0024] The visualized well repair operation device disclosed in the present invention installs a visualization structure on the downhole tool string, uses the visualization structure to obtain the working information of the downhole tool string during the salvage process, and transmits the working information to the upper computer on the ground through a communication short section for processing and analysis. Then, the downhole tool string can be controlled to perform the salvage operation of the fallen fish according to the results of the processing and analysis by the upper computer, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of the salvage.

[0025] The visualized well repair operation device and operation method disclosed herein utilize a virtual visualization structure to obtain the mechanical and displacement information of a downhole tool string during the salvage process. By analyzing and processing this mechanical and displacement information, it is possible to implement virtual visualization monitoring of the working status of the downhole tool string, thereby enabling real-time intervention to ensure that the salvage structure captures and retrieves the fallen fish.

[0026] The visualized well repair operation device and operation method disclosed herein utilize an image visualization structure to obtain image information of the salvage structure and / or fallen fish during the salvage process. By analyzing and processing this image information, it is possible to implement image visualization monitoring of the working status of the downhole tool string, and then intervene in real time to ensure that the salvage structure captures and retrieves the fallen fish. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0028] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a visual well repair operation device in the present disclosure.

[0029] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the virtual visualization structure in the present disclosure.

[0030] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a process of salvaging fallen fish using a virtual visualization structure in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the image visualization structure in the present disclosure.

[0032] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a process for salvaging fallen fish using an image visualization structure in another embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0034] Implementation Method 1

[0035] As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the present disclosure provides a visual well repair operation device, including: an upper computer 1; a cable 3, one end of which is located on the ground and is electrically connected to the upper computer 1; a downhole tool string, including a salvage structure 9 and a communication short section 4, a measurement and control short section 5, a force booster short section 7 and an anchor short section 8 connected in sequence, the end of the cable 3 located downhole is electrically connected to the measurement and control short section 5 through the communication short section 4, the force booster short section 7 includes a motor 72 and a transmission structure 73, the motor 72 is electrically connected to the measurement and control short section 5, the rear end of the transmission structure 73 is connected to the rotating shaft of the motor 72, and the front end of the transmission structure 73 passes through the anchor short section 8 and is connected to the salvage structure 9; a visualization mechanism is installed on the downhole tool string, the visualization mechanism is electrically connected to the communication short section 4, and can obtain working information of the downhole tool string during the salvage process and transmit the working information to the upper computer 1 through the communication short section 4.

[0036] As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the visualized well repair operation device disclosed in the present invention installs a visualization structure on the downhole tool string, uses the visualization structure to obtain the working information of the downhole tool string during the salvage process, and transmits the working information to the upper computer 1 on the ground through the communication short section 4 for processing and analysis. Then, the downhole tool string can be controlled to perform the salvage operation of the fallen fish 10 according to the results of the processing and analysis by the upper computer 1, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of the salvage.

[0037] Specifically, as shown in Figures 1 to 5, the operating information includes, but is not limited to, at least one of image information, mechanical information, and displacement information. The visual well repair operation device also includes a cable lowering vehicle 2, on which a cable 3 is reeled, capable of controlling the lowering of the cable 3. The downhole end of the cable 3 is connected to a communication sub via a cable bridle. The cable 3 is used to power the motor 72 of the booster sub 7 and to perform bidirectional signal transmission, for example, transmitting control commands from the host computer 1 to the downhole tool string and uploading operating information collected by the visualization mechanism to the host computer 1. Furthermore, to enable the disclosed visual well repair operation device to be applied in horizontal wells, the measurement and control sub 5 and the booster sub 7 are connected to a crawler sub 6, which is used to drive the downhole tool string within the horizontal well. The specific structures of the communication sub 4, measurement and control sub 5, and anchoring sub 8 are the same as those in the prior art and will not be further described here.

[0038] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the booster sub 7 also includes a booster sub housing 71, the two ends of the booster sub housing 71 are connected to the anchor sub 8 and the crawler sub 6, the motor 72 and the transmission structure 73 are installed in the booster sub housing 71, and the transmission structure 73 includes a coupling 731, a transmission screw 732, a transmission nut 733 and a push rod 734; the rotating shaft of the motor 72 is connected to the rear end of the transmission screw 732 through the coupling 731, and the front end of the transmission screw 732 is connected to the rear end of the push rod 734 through the transmission nut 733, and the transmission nut 733 and the booster sub housing 71 are arranged to slide along the axial direction of the booster sub 7, and the front end of the push rod 734 passes through the anchor sub 8 and is connected to the salvage structure 9. The transmission nut 733 drives the transmission screw 732 to rotate through the motor 72, and the circumferential rotation of the transmission screw 732 is converted into axial movement of the transmission nut 733 through the axial sliding fit limit between the transmission nut 733 and the booster short section housing 71, thereby driving the push rod 734 to move synchronously along the axial direction of the booster short section 7 (that is, the axial direction of the downhole tool string). The salvage structure 9 can also move along the axial direction of the downhole tool string under the drive of the push rod 734, so as to capture the fallen fish 10 by moving forward in the axial direction, and then the salvage structure 9 uses the pulling force provided by the booster short section 7 to drive the fallen fish 10 to move axially backward, thereby releasing the stuck fish 10 (that is, pulling the fallen fish 10 out).

[0039] Specifically, the drive nut 733 and the booster sub housing 71 are slidably engaged along the axial direction of the booster sub 7 via a guide sliding structure. This guide sliding structure includes a guide slot and a guide rail extending along the axial direction of the booster sub 7, one of which is located on the outer wall of the drive nut 733 and the other on the inner wall of the booster sub housing 71. The coupling 731 is connected to the rotating shaft of the motor 72 and the drive screw 732 via a spline structure to ensure high torque transmission. The motor 72 is a high-temperature motor. The push rod 734 can also be connected to the booster sub housing 71 via a linear bearing.

[0040] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the visualization mechanism includes a virtual visualization structure for obtaining mechanical and displacement information of the downhole tool string during the salvage process. The virtual visualization structure obtains mechanical and displacement information of the downhole tool string during the salvage process, analyzes and processes this information, and thereby enables virtual visualization monitoring of the downhole tool string's operating status, enabling real-time intervention to ensure that the salvage structure 9 captures and reels the fallen fish 10.

[0041] Specifically, the mechanical information and displacement information may be obtained by directly detecting the mechanical information and displacement information through the mechanical sensor and the displacement sensor, or may be generated by further analyzing and processing the detection information.

[0042] As shown in Figure 2, the virtual visualization structure includes a photoelectric encoder 111, a hydraulic sensor 112 and a tension and compression sensor 113. The photoelectric encoder 111 is installed on the rotating shaft of the motor 72 and is electrically connected to the measurement and control pup joint 5. The hydraulic sensor 112 is installed in the anchor cavity of the anchor pup joint 8. The tension and compression sensor 113 is installed on the salvage structure 9. The mechanical information includes the pressure information in the anchor cavity obtained by the hydraulic sensor 112 and the force information of the salvage structure 9 obtained by the tension and compression sensor 113. The displacement information includes the angular displacement information of the rotating shaft of the motor 72 obtained by the photoelectric encoder 111 and the travel displacement information of the salvage structure 9 generated based on the angular displacement information.

[0043] Specifically, the anchoring sub 8 includes an anchoring sub housing 81 and a plurality of anchor claws 82 disposed on the anchoring sub housing 81. The plurality of anchor claws 82 are spaced apart axially and circumferentially about the anchoring sub 8. A sealed anchor chamber (i.e., a hydraulic chamber) is formed within the anchoring sub housing 81. Increasing pressure within the anchor chamber continuously pushes the anchor claws 82 out, allowing them to anchor against the wellbore wall 13. Decreasing pressure within the anchor chamber retracts the anchor claws 82, allowing them to separate from the wellbore wall 13 and release the anchor. Furthermore, the anchoring sub 8 can adjust the coaxiality of the downhole tool string with the fish trap 10 by controlling the circumferential extension length of the plurality of anchors. The salvage structure 9 includes an overshot connecting rod 91 and an overshot 92. The rear end of the overshot connecting rod 91 extends into the anchoring sub housing 81 and connects to the front end of the push rod 734. The front end of the overshot connecting rod 91 is connected to the overshot 92. The tension and compression sensor 113 is installed in the anchoring sub housing 81 and connected to the overshot connecting rod 91 .

[0044] Among them, the anchoring sub 8 is also provided with a hydraulic chamber, in which a piston capable of floating up and down is provided, the piston is fixed on the push rod 734, and the anchoring chamber is connected to the hydraulic chamber through a control valve. When it is necessary to control the anchoring sub 8 to be in the anchoring state, the control valve is adjusted to the open state, and then the motor 72 is controlled to rotate forward to drive the push rod 734 to retreat, so that the piston retreats synchronously (that is, moves toward the side close to the anchoring chamber), the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic chamber is compressed and flows into the anchoring chamber through the control valve, the anchor claw 82 extends from the anchoring sub housing 81 and anchors on the well wall 13, and then the control valve is adjusted to the closed state, so that the anchoring sub 8 can maintain the anchoring state; when it is necessary to catch the fallen fish 10 in the anchoring state, the control valve is kept closed. In the closed state, the control motor 72 is controlled to reverse and drive the push rod 734 to move forward; when it is necessary to release the stuck fish 10 in the anchored state, the control valve is kept in the closed state, the control motor 72 is controlled to rotate forward and drive the push rod 734 to move backward; finally, when it is necessary to release the anchor, the adjustment control valve is opened, the motor 72 is reversed and drives the push rod 734 to move forward, and the piston also moves forward synchronously to reduce the pressure in the hydraulic chamber, and the hydraulic oil in the anchor chamber flows back to the hydraulic chamber through the control valve, and the anchor claw 82 retracts and separates from the well wall 13.

[0045] Therefore, by installing a hydraulic sensor 112 in the anchor cavity to obtain pressure information, the anchoring status of the anchoring sub 8 can be determined based on the pressure information. The angular displacement information obtained by the photoelectric encoder 111 includes but is not limited to the rotational speed, rotation angle, and number of rotations of the motor 72. Based on this angular displacement information and the dimensional information of the connecting thread between the drive screw 732 and the drive nut 733, the travel displacement information of the salvage structure 9 (i.e., the axial movement information of the drive nut 733) can be processed and generated. The force information obtained by the tension and compression sensor 113 includes pressure information when the salvage structure 9 is compressed and tension information when the salvage structure 9 is tensile. Among them, the pressure information is the pressure exerted on the salvage structure 9 when the booster sub 7 presses down the salvage structure 9 so that the salvage structure 9 captures the fallen fish 10. When the pressure increases, it means that the salvage structure 9 has captured the fallen fish 10. The tension information is the tension exerted on the salvage structure 9 when the booster sub 7 pulls the salvage structure 9 so that the salvage structure 9 unstuck the fallen fish 10. When the tension increases to a certain value and no longer changes or changes slightly, it means that the salvage structure 9 has pulled the fallen fish 10 out.

[0046] As shown in Figures 4 and 5 , in some other embodiments of the present disclosure, the visualization mechanism includes an image visualization structure for acquiring image information of the salvage structure 9 and / or the fallen fish 10 during the salvage process. The image visualization structure acquires image information of the salvage structure 9 and / or the fallen fish 10 during the salvage process, analyzes and processes this image information, and thereby enables visual monitoring of the working status of the downhole tool string, enabling real-time intervention to ensure that the salvage structure 9 captures and reels the fallen fish 10.

[0047] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the image visualization structure includes an elastic telescopic structure 124, a recovery cabin 123 and a downhole television module 126. The recovery cabin 123 is installed in the salvage structure 9, the rear end of the elastic telescopic structure 124 is fixed in the recovery cabin 123, the front end of the elastic telescopic structure 124 is connected to the downhole television module 126, and the downhole television module 126 is electrically connected to the communication short section 4; a radially movable limiter 125 is provided on the recovery cabin 123, and the limiter 125 is connected to the downhole television module 126 abuts and limits the elastic telescopic structure 124 to be installed in the recovery cabin 123 in a stretched state, and the image acquisition end of the downhole television module 126 is arranged close to the salvage end of the salvage structure 9; wherein, when the downhole television module 126 moves forward with the salvage structure 9 to abut against the fallen fish 10, the limiter 125 can move away under the squeezing action of the downhole television module 126, and the front end of the elastic telescopic structure 124 elastically retracts and drives the downhole television module 126 to move into the recovery cabin 123.

[0048] By setting the limiter 125, during the lowering process of the downhole tool string, the image acquisition end of the downhole television module 126 can first approach the salvage end of the salvage structure 9 to obtain the image information in front. By analyzing and processing the image information, it can be accurately judged whether the salvage end of the salvage structure 9 is close to the fallen fish 10 in front, and the lowering speed can be reduced after approaching, so as to avoid the downhole television module 126 colliding with the fallen fish 10 due to the excessive lowering speed. Then, when the salvage end of the salvage structure 9 gradually approaches the fallen fish 10 and the downhole television module 126 contacts the fallen fish 10, the downhole television module 126 will be slightly squeezed by the fallen fish 10. By pushing the limit member 125 backward out of the way, the front end of the elastic telescopic structure 124, which was originally in a stretched state, elastically shrinks and drives the downhole television module 126 to be quickly recovered into the recovery chamber 123. On the one hand, it can prevent the downhole television module 126 from being further squeezed by the fallen fish 10 and damaged. On the other hand, after being recovered into the recovery chamber 123, the subsequent work process can also better collect image information of the front fallen fish 10 and the salvage end of the salvage structure 9. Then, by processing the image information, it can be accurately determined whether the salvage end of the salvage structure 9 has captured the fallen fish 10 and whether the fallen fish 10 has been lifted up, that is, the fallen fish 10 is unstuck and can move with the salvage structure 9.

[0049] Specifically, the image visualization structure also includes a communication module 121 and a battery module 122. A downhole television module 126 is electrically connected to the communication sub 4 via the communication module 121. A battery is installed within the salvage structure 9 and is electrically connected to the downhole television module 126. The communication module 121 is electrically connected to the downhole television module 126 via a video cable. The communication module 121 is used to receive image information from the downhole television module 126 and transmit this image information to the communication sub 4. The battery module 122 is used to power the downhole television module 126. The salvage structure 9 includes a salvage housing 93 and an overshot 92. The battery module 122 includes at least one battery installed within the salvage housing 93. A recovery capsule 123 is installed within the overshot 92. The rear end of the recovery capsule 123 is threadedly connected to the front end of the salvage housing 93 via a connector. The rear end of the overshot 92 is fixed to the connector. The image acquisition end of the downhole television module 126 (i.e., the front end of the downhole television module 126 where the camera is located) is provided with an anti-collision baffle to prevent the camera lens from being damaged by impact during the lowering process. The stopper 125 is illustratively mounted on the recovery chamber 123 via an elastic member arranged radially along the recovery chamber 123. One end of the stopper 125 can abut the rear end of the downhole television module 126. When the downhole television module 126 is lowered along the salvage structure 9 until it contacts the fallen fish 10, the downhole television module 126, under slight pressure from the fallen fish 10, can overcome the elastic force of the elastic member and push the stopper 125 away, thereby causing the elastic telescopic structure 124 to retract.

[0050] In some further embodiments of the present disclosure, the visualization mechanism includes a virtual visualization structure and an image visualization structure. The specific structures of the virtual visualization structure and the image visualization structure are the same as those in the above-mentioned embodiments and will not be described in detail here. During the process of salvaging the fish 10 by the downhole tool string, mechanical information and displacement information of the downhole tool string during the salvaging process as well as image information of the salvaging structure 9 and / or the fish 10 are simultaneously obtained, thereby accurately determining the state of the fish 10 and the salvage state based on the mechanical information, displacement information, and image information. The downhole tool string is then controlled in real time based on the state of the fish 10 and the salvage state, thereby improving the salvage efficiency of the downhole tool string.

[0051] Implementation Method 2

[0052] As shown in FIG1 , FIG2 and FIG3 , the present disclosure further provides a visual well repair operation method, which can be implemented using the visual well repair operation device in the first embodiment.

[0053] The visualized well repair operation method disclosed in the present invention includes the following steps: lowering the downhole tool string to a designated operation position in the well; anchoring: anchoring the anchoring sub 8 of the downhole tool string to the well wall 13; capturing: the motor 72 of the downhole tool string drives the salvage structure 9 of the downhole tool string to move forward through the transmission structure 73 to capture the fallen fish 10; wherein, the pressure information of the salvage structure 9 is monitored, and it is determined whether the salvage structure 9 has captured the fallen fish 10 according to the pressure information; releasing the stuck drill (i.e., releasing the stuck drill state): the motor 72 of the downhole tool string drives the downhole tool string to move forward through the transmission structure 73 to capture the fallen fish 10; The fishing structure 9 of the tool string moves backward to pick up the fish 10. The fishing structure 9 monitors tension information (i.e., information about the tension applied) and determines whether the fishing structure 9 has picked up the fish 10 based on the tension information. The anchoring process is performed by separating the anchoring sub 8 from the wellbore 13 to release the anchor. The anchoring pressure information within the anchoring sub 8 is monitored and the anchoring status of the anchoring sub 8 is determined based on the anchoring pressure information. The angular displacement information and travel displacement information of the motor 72 are monitored. Based on the angular displacement information, travel displacement information, and anchoring status, the process status of the downhole tool string is determined. The process status refers to the current working state of the downhole tool string, which determines whether the current step has been completed and the next step can be performed.

[0054] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the lowering step includes: lowering the downhole tool string until the salvage structure 9 of the downhole tool string is close to the fallen fish 10; wherein, the downhole television module 126 is close to the salvage end of the salvage structure 9 to collect first image information, and judge whether the salvage structure 9 is close to the fallen fish 10 based on the first image information.

[0055] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, after the anchoring step and before the capturing step, it also includes: recovery: the motor 72 of the downhole tool string drives the salvage structure 9 of the downhole tool string through the transmission structure 73 to move forward until the downhole TV module 126 abuts against the fallen fish 10, and the downhole TV module 126 moves backward.

[0056] Among them, the capturing step also includes: the downhole television module 126 collects the second image information of the salvage end of the salvage structure 9 capturing the fallen fish 10 in the salvage structure 9, and determines whether the salvage structure 9 has captured the fallen fish 10 based on the second image information; the releasing step also includes: the downhole television module 126 collects the third image information of the salvage end of the salvage structure 9 capturing the fallen fish 10 in the salvage structure 9, and determines whether the salvage structure 9 has picked up the fallen fish 10 based on the third image information; unanchoring: separating the anchoring pup section 8 from the well wall 13 to release the anchoring.

[0057] Specifically, in the lowering step, it can be first lowered into the horizontal well through the cable 3, and then cooperated with the crawler short section 6 to move forward to the designated operating position, that is, the salvage tube 92 of the salvage structure 9 is located near the rear of the fallen fish 10; in the anchoring step, the push rod 734 is driven to move backward for a distance by the forward rotation of the motor 72, so that the anchor claw 82 of the anchor short section 8 is extended and anchored on the well wall 13; in the capturing step, the push rod 734 is pushed forward by the reverse rotation of the motor 72, so that the salvage tube 92 captures the fallen fish 10; in the unbinding step, the push rod 734 is driven to move backward by the forward rotation of the motor 72, so that the salvage structure 9 unbinds the fallen fish 10; in the unanchoring step, the push rod 734 is pushed forward by the reverse rotation of the motor 72, so that the anchor claw 82 of the anchor short section 8 is retracted and separated from the well wall 13, thereby releasing the anchor; finally, the downhole tool string and the fallen fish 10 are pulled out of the well together by reeling in the cable 3.

[0058] The above are only several embodiments of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to the embodiments of the present disclosure based on the contents disclosed in the application documents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A visual well repair method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Lowering: Lower the downhole tool string to the designated working position in the well: Anchoring: anchoring the anchoring sub of the downhole tool string on the well wall; Capture: The motor of the downhole tool string drives the salvage structure of the downhole tool string to move forward through the transmission structure to capture the fallen fish; wherein, the pressure information of the salvage structure is monitored, and it is determined whether the salvage structure has captured the fallen fish according to the pressure information; Unblocking: The motor of the downhole tool string drives the salvage structure of the downhole tool string to move backward through the transmission structure to pick up the fallen fish; wherein, the tension information of the salvage structure is monitored, and it is determined whether the salvage structure has picked up the fallen fish according to the tension information; Unanchoring: separating the anchoring sub from the well wall to release the anchoring; Among them, the anchoring pressure information in the anchoring pup joint is monitored, and the anchoring state of the anchoring pup joint is determined according to the anchoring pressure information; the angular displacement information and the travel displacement information of the rotating shaft of the motor are monitored; and the process state of the downhole tool string is determined according to the angular displacement information, the travel displacement information and the anchoring state.

2. The visualized well repairing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lowering step includes: lowering the downhole tool string until the salvage structure of the downhole tool string is close to the fallen fish; wherein, the downhole television module collects first image information close to the salvage end of the salvage structure, and determines whether the salvage structure is close to the fallen fish based on the first image information.

3. The visualized well repairing method according to claim 2, characterized in that: After the anchoring step and before the capturing step, The following steps are involved: Recovery: The motor of the downhole tool string drives the salvage structure of the downhole tool string to move forward through the transmission structure until the downhole television module abuts against the fallen fish, thereby causing the downhole television module to move backward.

4. The visualized well repairing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The capturing step further includes: the downhole television module collecting second image information of the fallen fish captured by the salvage end of the salvage structure within the salvage structure, and judging whether the salvage structure has captured the fallen fish according to the second image information.

5. The visualized well repairing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The jamming release step further includes: the downhole television module collecting third image information of the salvaging end of the salvaging structure catching the fallen fish in the salvaging structure, and judging whether the salvaging structure has caught the fallen fish according to the third image information.

6. A visual well repairing device, characterized in that: include: Host computer; A cable, one end of which is located on the ground and is electrically connected to the host computer; A downhole tool string, comprising a salvage structure and a communication pup joint, a measurement and control pup joint, a force-enhancing pup joint and an anchoring pup joint connected in sequence, wherein one end of the cable located downhole is electrically connected to the measurement and control pup joint through the communication pup joint, the force-enhancing pup joint comprises a motor and a transmission structure, the motor is electrically connected to the measurement and control pup joint, the rear end of the transmission structure is connected to the rotating shaft of the motor, and the front end of the transmission structure passes through the anchoring pup joint and is connected to the salvage structure; A visualization mechanism is installed on the downhole tool string. The visualization mechanism is electrically connected to the communication short section and can obtain working information of the downhole tool string during the salvage process and transmit the working information to the host computer through the communication short section; wherein the working information includes image information, mechanical information and / or displacement information.

7. The visualized well repairing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The visualization mechanism includes a virtual visualization structure, and the virtual visualization structure is used to obtain mechanical information and displacement information of the downhole tool string during the fishing process.

8. The visualized well repairing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The virtual visualization structure includes a photoelectric encoder, a hydraulic sensor and a tension and compression sensor. The photoelectric encoder is installed on the rotating shaft of the motor and is electrically connected to the measurement and control short section. The hydraulic sensor is installed in the anchor cavity of the anchoring short section. The tension and compression sensor is installed on the salvage structure. The mechanical information includes the pressure information in the anchor cavity obtained by the hydraulic sensor and the force information of the salvage structure obtained by the tension and compression sensor. The displacement information includes the angular displacement information of the motor shaft obtained by the photoelectric encoder and the travel displacement information of the salvage structure generated based on the angular displacement information.

9. The visualized well repairing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The visualization mechanism comprises an image visualization structure, and the image visualization structure is used to obtain image information of the salvage structure and / or fallen fish during the salvage process.

10. The visualized well repairing device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The image visualization structure includes an elastic telescopic structure, a recovery cabin and a downhole television module, wherein the recovery cabin is installed in the salvage structure, the rear end of the elastic telescopic structure is fixed in the recovery cabin, the front end of the elastic telescopic structure is connected to the downhole television module, and the downhole television module is electrically connected to the communication short section; The recovery cabin is provided with a radially movable limiter, the limiter abuts against the downhole television module to limit the elastic telescopic structure to be installed in the recovery cabin in a stretched state, and the image acquisition end of the downhole television module is arranged close to the salvage end of the salvage structure; Among them, when the downhole television module moves forward with the salvage structure to abut against the fallen fish, the limiting member can move aside under the squeezing action of the downhole television module, so that the front end of the elastic telescopic structure elastically retracts and drives the downhole television module to move into the recovery cabin.

11. The visualized well repairing device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The image visualization structure also includes a communication module and a battery module. The downhole television module is electrically connected to the communication short section via the communication module. The battery is installed in the salvage structure and electrically connected to the downhole television module.

12. The visual well repairing device according to any one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that: The booster section also includes a booster section housing, which is connected to the anchoring section, the motor and the transmission structure are installed in the booster section housing, and the transmission structure includes a coupling, a transmission screw, a transmission nut and a push rod; the rotating shaft of the motor is connected to the rear end of the transmission screw through the coupling, the front end of the transmission screw is connected to the rear end of the push rod through the transmission nut, and the transmission nut and the booster section housing are arranged to slide along the axial direction of the booster section, and the front end of the push rod passes through the anchoring section and is connected to the salvage structure.

13. The visual well repairing device according to any one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that: The measurement and control sub and the force amplification sub are connected with a crawler sub, and the crawler sub is used to drive the downhole tool string to move in the horizontal well.

14. The visual well repairing device according to any one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that: The visualized well repair operation device also includes a cable lowering vehicle, the cable is rolled up on the cable lowering vehicle, and the cable lowering vehicle can control the lowering of the cable.

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