Energy storage cabinet capable of directionally discharging flue gas, and energy storage system

Abstract

The present application provides an energy storage cabinet capable of directionally discharging flue gas, and an energy storage system. The energy storage cabinet comprises a box body; the box body is used for accommodating a plurality of stacked battery packs and a flue gas discharging pipe; the flue gas discharging pipe is arranged between a rear wall and the plurality of battery packs; the flue gas discharging pipe extends in a stacking direction of the plurality of battery packs; the flue gas discharging pipe is provided with a plurality of flue gas inlets, a flue gas outlet and a ventilation opening; the flue gas outlet and the ventilation opening are both communicated with an external environment of the energy storage cabinet; on the flue gas discharging pipe, the position of the flue gas outlet is higher than that of the ventilation opening; outer walls of at least some of the battery packs facing the flue gas discharging pipe are provided with pressure relief valves; first sealing members are arranged between the pressure relief valves and the flue gas inlets; an opening at one end of each first sealing member covers the periphery of the corresponding pressure relief valve, and an opening at the other end of the first sealing member covers the periphery of the corresponding flue gas inlet. High-temperature flue gas released when thermal runaway occurs in the battery packs is discharged to the flue gas discharging pipe through the flue gas inlets, and is further released to the external environment through the flue gas outlet, thereby achieving directional flue gas discharging of the energy storage cabinet.

Description

Energy storage cabinet and energy storage system with directional smoke exhaust

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on December 8, 2023, with application number 202323352171.4 and application name “A directional smoke exhaust energy storage cabinet and energy storage system”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of energy storage safety technology, and in particular to an energy storage cabinet and energy storage system with directional smoke exhaust. Background Art

[0004] Demand for renewable energy sources such as photovoltaics and their accompanying energy storage cabinets is growing rapidly. Energy storage cabinets are widely used due to their high flexibility, high energy density, and high controllability. In practical applications, when a battery pack experiences thermal runaway, the pressure relief valve opens and releases flammable gases such as H2 and CO. These gases can potentially explode within the relatively closed environment of the cabinet if they encounter sparks or high-temperature surfaces. Therefore, how to quickly exhaust these flammable gases to the outside air through the battery's pressure relief valve and prevent the accumulation of flammable gases in the energy storage cabinet, which could lead to combustion or explosion, has become a pressing issue for the industry.

[0005] Utility Model Content

[0006] The present application provides an energy storage cabinet and energy storage system with directional smoke exhaust. By designing a directional smoke exhaust duct for combustible smoke in the energy storage cabinet, when a battery pack in the energy storage cabinet experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature smoke generated in the battery pack is promptly discharged to the outside of the energy storage cabinet through the directional smoke exhaust duct, thereby reducing the risk of explosion of the energy storage cabinet and improving the safety of the energy storage system.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides an energy storage cabinet with directional smoke exhaust, the energy storage cabinet comprising a housing, the housing having a door disposed parallel to a rear wall of the housing, the housing being configured to accommodate a plurality of stacked battery packs and a smoke exhaust duct, the smoke exhaust duct being disposed between the rear wall and the plurality of battery packs and extending along the stacking direction of the plurality of battery packs. The smoke exhaust duct is provided with a plurality of smoke inlets, smoke exhaust ports, and ventilation ports, each of which is connected to the external environment of the energy storage cabinet, and the smoke exhaust ports on the smoke exhaust duct are located at a higher position than the ventilation ports. The plurality of smoke inlets are spaced apart along the stacking direction of the plurality of battery packs, and at least some of the plurality of battery packs are provided with pressure relief valves on the outer wall facing the smoke exhaust duct. A first seal is disposed between the pressure relief valve and the smoke inlet, the first seal comprising two ends disposed parallel to the spacing direction between the rear wall and the door, the opening at one end of the first seal covering the outer periphery of the pressure relief valve, and the opening at the other end of the first seal covering the outer periphery of the smoke inlet.

[0008] When a battery pack experiences thermal runaway, the pressure relief valve of the battery pack opens, and the high-temperature gas inside the battery pack is released from the opening of the pressure relief valve on the outer wall of the battery pack and the smoke inlet into the exhaust duct, and then discharged to the external environment through the smoke outlet of the smoke exhaust duct. There may be a gap between the outer wall of the battery pack and the side wall where the smoke inlet is located. Therefore, a first seal is provided between the battery pack and the smoke inlet, thereby forming a sealing structure between the outer wall of the battery pack and the smoke exhaust duct. The high-temperature gas generated by the thermal runaway of a battery pack can be directed into the corresponding smoke inlet, which can prevent the high-temperature gas released by the battery pack from spreading inside the battery compartment, thereby preventing the thermal runaway from spreading to other battery packs, thereby causing thermal runaway of the entire energy storage cabinet, and improving the safety performance of the energy storage cabinet. Furthermore, by arranging a smoke exhaust port and a ventilation port in the smoke exhaust duct, the height of the smoke exhaust port is higher than the height of the ventilation port, so that the smoke released by the battery pack can be released from the smoke exhaust port to the external environment under the chimney effect, and the electrolyte released by the battery pack can be released to the outside from the ventilation port. In addition, the arrangement of the ventilation port and the smoke exhaust port can maintain the air pressure balance inside the smoke exhaust duct, thereby ensuring gas exchange between the inside and outside of the smoke exhaust duct.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the smoke exhaust duct includes two parallel side walls, one of which is parallel to the outer wall of the battery pack, and the other is located between the one of the side walls and the rear wall. One of the side walls is provided with the multiple smoke inlets, which are spaced apart along the stacking direction of the multiple battery packs, and the multiple smoke inlets correspond one-to-one with the multiple battery packs. The other side wall is provided with the smoke exhaust outlet. The multiple battery packs correspond one-to-one with the multiple smoke inlets. When a battery pack experiences thermal runaway, high-temperature smoke released can be directed into the smoke exhaust duct through the corresponding smoke exhaust outlet, preventing the thermal runaway from spreading to other battery packs.

[0010] In one possible implementation, a gap is formed between the other side wall and the rear wall, and the gap is filled with a flame-retardant material. In the event of thermal runaway of the battery pack, the flame-retardant material can isolate the rear wall from the exhaust duct filled with high-temperature gas, preventing the entire energy storage cabinet from catching fire.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the lower edge of the smoke exhaust port is higher than the upper edge of the topmost smoke inlet among the multiple smoke inlets, so as to better utilize the chimney effect during smoke exhaust and release the smoke to the external environment as quickly as possible.

[0012] In one possible implementation, a portion of the rear wall is provided with multiple exhaust holes, and the orthographic projection of the portion in the direction of the distance between the rear wall and the door overlaps the orthographic projection of the smoke exhaust port in the direction of the distance between the rear wall and the door. In other words, at least some of the multiple exhaust holes are arranged opposite the smoke exhaust port. When smoke is released from the smoke exhaust port into the gap between the smoke exhaust duct and the rear wall, it can be released to the outside environment as quickly as possible through the multiple exhaust holes.

[0013] In one possible implementation, a first baffle is provided between the rear wall and the other side wall. The orthographic projection of the first baffle in the direction of the distance between the rear wall and the door at least covers the orthographic projections of the plurality of exhaust holes in the direction of the distance between the rear wall and the door. This prevents foreign matter and accumulated water from entering the energy storage cabinet through the plurality of exhaust holes, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the energy storage cabinet.

[0014] In one possible implementation, a second baffle is provided at the smoke exhaust port, and the orthographic projections of the first baffle and the second baffle in the direction of the distance between the rear wall and the door partially overlap, thereby preventing external rainwater and foreign objects from entering the energy storage cabinet from multiple angles.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the first baffle is fixed to the top wall of the housing and tilted toward the rear wall, and the second baffle is fixed to the lower edge of the smoke exhaust port and tilted toward the rear wall. The first and second baffles form a labyrinthine baffle structure. On the one hand, when the energy storage cabinet performs directional smoke exhaust, the first and second baffles offer little resistance to the smoke, which does not affect the energy storage cabinet's smoke exhaust performance. On the other hand, when external rainwater intrudes, the first and second baffles block rainwater intrusion from different angles, providing all-round protection and improving the reliability and safety of the energy storage cabinet.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the first baffle is arranged parallel to the rear wall and is provided with multiple through holes, which do not overlap with the multiple exhaust holes. This allows the through holes to promptly expel smoke in the event of thermal runaway. Furthermore, the first baffle can provide some shielding against incoming rainwater.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the smoke exhaust duct includes a bottom wall, the two side walls being perpendicular to the bottom wall, a second sealing member being provided between the bottom surfaces of the two side walls facing the bottom wall and the bottom wall, and the vent being provided in the bottom wall, the vent being located between the two second sealing members. The vent being located in the bottom wall between the two second sealing members enables timely discharge of accumulated water and electrolyte within the smoke exhaust duct to the external environment.

[0018] In one possible implementation, one of the side walls includes multiple raised portions facing the outer wall of each battery pack. These raised portions have a hollow structure, each of which is provided with a smoke inlet. The sum of the height of the raised portion and the thickness of the first sealing member is greater than or equal to the height of the pressure relief valve protruding from the outer wall of the battery pack. The periphery of the raised portion abuts the other end of the first sealing member. The raised portions and the first sealing member together form a smoke inlet channel between the side wall and the outer wall of the battery pack. The design of the raised portions can better accommodate pressure relief valves of varying heights in different battery pack models, thereby enhancing the flexibility of the energy storage cabinet and enriching its application scenarios.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the smoke exhaust duct includes a sidewall located between the rear wall and the outer wall of the battery pack. The sidewall is provided with the multiple smoke inlets, and the rear wall is provided with the smoke exhaust outlet. The rear wall of the cabinet can serve as the sidewall of the smoke exhaust duct, with the smoke exhaust outlet directly provided on the rear wall of the cabinet. This solution avoids the need to connect the smoke exhaust outlet to the exhaust hole of the cabinet, effectively simplifying the assembly process of the energy storage cabinet and reducing the risk of smoke escaping into the cabinet.

[0020] In one possible implementation, a baffle is provided between the smoke outlet and the sidewall, with the angle between the baffle and the sidewall being acute. The baffle can provide some shielding for intruding foreign matter or rainwater, allowing it to fall vertically along the smoke exhaust duct along the baffle, preventing it from passing through the smoke inlet and adhering to the pressure relief valve of the battery pack.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the side wall is perpendicular to the bottom wall of the smoke exhaust duct, a second seal is provided between the bottom surface of the side wall facing the bottom wall and the bottom wall, and the vent is provided on the bottom wall, between the rear wall and the second seal, further improving the sealing between the smoke exhaust duct and the box body.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the rear wall and the bottom wall of the smoke exhaust duct are perpendicular, and the vent is located above the junction of the rear wall and the bottom wall. The vent can be used to drain accumulated water and electrolyte, as well as maintain air pressure balance within the smoke exhaust duct during directional smoke exhaust from the energy storage cabinet.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the smoke exhaust duct includes a top wall, a bottom wall, and side walls. The bottom wall and the top wall are arranged parallel to each other, intersecting with the side walls. The side walls are arranged parallel to the outer wall of the battery pack. The side walls are provided with the multiple smoke inlets, the top wall is provided with the smoke exhaust outlet, and the bottom wall is provided with the vent. When the battery pack experiences thermal runaway, high-temperature smoke released is discharged to the external environment through the smoke exhaust outlet on the top wall. Released electrolyte or accumulated water within the smoke exhaust duct can be discharged to the external environment through the vent on the bottom wall.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the other end of the first seal includes an inner wall and an outer wall disposed opposite each other, with the inner wall facing the smoke inlet. The lower edge of the inner wall of the first seal is flush with the lower edge of the smoke inlet, or the lower edge of the inner wall of the first seal is higher than the lower edge of the smoke inlet. When rainwater enters, it can slide down the inner wall of the first seal into the smoke exhaust duct and then be discharged to the outside environment through the vent. This prevents water accumulation from causing the seal of the first seal to fail, thereby improving the reliability of the energy storage cabinet.

[0025] In a second aspect, the present application provides an energy storage system, comprising the energy storage cabinet and the power converter described in the first aspect, wherein the power converter is used to convert the AC power output by an external AC power supply into DC power and output it to the energy storage cabinet, and / or the power converter is used to convert the DC power output by the energy storage cabinet into AC power and output it to a load or a power grid.

[0026] On the third aspect, the present application provides a directional smoke exhaust assembly for an energy storage device, wherein the energy storage device includes a plurality of battery packs, and the directional smoke exhaust assembly includes a smoke exhaust duct, wherein the smoke exhaust duct is provided with a plurality of smoke inlets, wherein the plurality of battery packs and the plurality of smoke inlets correspond one to one; each of the plurality of battery packs is provided with a pressure relief valve, and after the pressure relief valve of each battery pack is opened, each battery pack is connected to the smoke exhaust duct. When a battery pack experiences thermal runaway, the pressure relief valve of the battery pack opens, and the high-temperature gas inside the battery pack is released from the opening of the pressure relief valve on the outer wall of the battery pack and the smoke inlet into the smoke exhaust duct, and then discharged to the external environment through the smoke exhaust port of the smoke exhaust duct. Since the battery packs and the smoke inlets are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, the high-temperature gas generated by the thermal runaway of a battery pack can be directed into the corresponding smoke inlet, which can prevent the high-temperature gas released by the battery pack from spreading inside the battery compartment, thereby preventing the thermal runaway from spreading to other battery packs, thereby causing thermal runaway of the entire energy storage cabinet, and improving the safety performance of the energy storage cabinet. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] FIG1 is a diagram of an application scenario of an energy storage cabinet provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] FIG2 is a side sectional view of the structure of an energy storage cabinet provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG3 is a structural cross-sectional view of an energy storage cabinet provided in an embodiment of the present application in a front view direction;

[0030] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage cabinet provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figures 5 to 7 are enlarged schematic diagrams of the structure at point A in Figure 4;

[0032] FIG8 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B in FIG4 ;

[0033] FIG9 is another structural cross-sectional view of an energy storage cabinet provided in an embodiment of the present application, viewed from a side direction;

[0034] FIG10 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point C in FIG9 ;

[0035] FIG11 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point D in FIG9 ;

[0036] FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of a smoke exhaust duct of an energy storage cabinet provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] FIG13 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point E in FIG12 .

[0038] Description of reference numerals:

[0039] 100-PV panels, 200-DC / DC converters, 300-energy storage cabinets, 400-DC / AC converters; 500-power grid; 600-industrial park;

[0040] 310 - cabinet body; 311 - rear wall; 312 - left cabinet wall; 313 - right cabinet wall; 315 - base; 3111 - exhaust hole;

[0041] 320 (3201) - battery pack; 321 - outer wall;

[0042] 330-smoke exhaust duct; 3301-bottom wall; 3302-top wall; 3303-third side wall; 3304-fourth side wall; 331-smoke inlet; 332-smoke exhaust outlet; 333-first sealing member; 334-first side wall; 3341-second sealing member; 3343-first part; 3344-second part; 3345-third part; 335-second side wall; 336-first baffle; 337-second baffle; 3371-first bend; 3372-second bend; 3373-third bend; 3374-fourth bend; 339-ventilation port; 3342-baffle; 3346-raised part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the example embodiments can be implemented in various forms and should not be understood as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. The same figure marks in the figures represent the same or similar structures, and thus their repeated description will be omitted. The words expressing position and direction described in the embodiments of the present application are all explained with reference to the accompanying drawings as examples, but changes can be made as needed, and the changes made are all included in the scope of protection of this application. The drawings in the embodiments of the present application are only used to illustrate the relative position relationship and do not represent the true proportion.

[0044] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0045] It should be noted that the following description sets forth specific details to facilitate understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in a variety of other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0046] For ease of understanding, the terms involved in the embodiments of the present application are first explained.

[0047] And / or: It is just a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.

[0048] Multiple: refers to two or more than two.

[0049] Connected: This refers to an electrical connection. The connection between two electrical components can be direct or indirect. For example, the connection between A and B can be either direct or indirect through one or more other electrical components. For example, A and B can be connected directly, or A and C can be directly connected, C can be directly connected to B, and A and B can be connected through C.

[0050] The following embodiments of the present application provide an energy storage cabinet, which can be used in energy storage application scenarios of new energy power generation, such as photovoltaic power generation.

[0051] For example, Figure 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of the framework structure of a photovoltaic system. As shown in Figure 1, the photovoltaic system includes photovoltaic modules 100, a DC / DC converter 200, an energy storage cabinet 300, and a DC / AC converter 400. The photovoltaic modules 100 are used to convert solar energy into DC power. The DC / DC converter 200 is used to convert the DC power generated by the photovoltaic modules 100 into adjustable DC power, which is used to dynamically control the DC power generated by the photovoltaic modules 100, balance the output power of each photovoltaic module 100, and then output it to the energy storage cabinet 200 for storage. The DC power output by the energy storage cabinet 300 is converted to AC power by the DC / AC converter 400 and output to the power grid 500. The AC power output by the DC / AC converter can also be used to power an industrial park 600 to meet its electricity needs.

[0052] Energy storage cabinet 300 includes multiple battery packs, which typically contain multiple cells. In actual use, batteries may experience thermal runaway during operation due to mechanical, electrical, and thermal abuse, as well as inherent defects. When temperature uniformity between the cells is poor or the batteries are overcharged or over-discharged, thermal runaway can generate large amounts of flammable gases within the batteries, posing a high risk of explosion. The resulting shock waves, thermal radiation, and flying debris from the cabinet disassembly pose a threat to the safety of nearby people and objects. The battery pack also carries the risk of valve opening due to thermal runaway. The released flammable gases, such as H2 and CO, could explode in the relatively closed environment of the cabinet if exposed to sparks or hot surfaces, potentially causing damage to the surrounding environment or personnel. If the high-temperature fumes cannot be discharged promptly, they may accumulate within the battery pack or be discharged into the energy storage device through the battery pack's pressure relief valve. When high-temperature flammable gases accumulate within the battery pack, the pack's insufficient strength can cause the pack to explode. When high-temperature combustible flue gas is directly discharged into the energy storage device, the high-temperature combustible flue gas will impact the surrounding normally operating battery packs, thereby causing secondary hazards.

[0053] To address the issue of thermal runaway in energy storage cabinets, the present application provides an energy storage cabinet 300. The structure of the energy storage cabinet 300 is shown in FIG2 , which is a cross-sectional view of the energy storage cabinet 300 from a side view. The energy storage cabinet 300 includes a housing 310 and a plurality of stacked battery packs 320. The battery packs 320 are arranged along the height of the energy storage cabinet (the z-direction in FIG2 represents the height of the energy storage cabinet, and the x-direction represents the width of the energy storage cabinet). In other words, the stacked battery packs 320 along the z-direction meet the requirements of energy storage cabinets in high-capacity applications. The box 310 accommodates multiple battery packs 320. Multiple battery holders can be set inside the box 310. The multiple battery holders are arranged at intervals along the z direction, and the battery holders extend along the x direction. Each battery pack 320 can be placed on a corresponding holder and fixedly connected to the holder to achieve the battery pack 320 being fixed inside the box 310. This prevents the battery pack 320 inside the box 310 from shaking during the handling or transportation of the energy storage cabinet 300, thereby ensuring the reliability of the energy storage cabinet 300.

[0054] 2 and the front cross-sectional view of the energy storage cabinet 300 shown in FIG. 3 (the y direction in the figure is the length direction of the energy storage cabinet). The box body 310 includes a cabinet wall. The box body 310 may include three cabinet walls and a door, wherein the cabinet wall opposite to and parallel to the door (not shown in the figure) is the rear wall 311, and the other two cabinet walls may be the left wall 312 and the right wall 313, respectively. The present application provides a smoke exhaust duct 330 on the rear wall 311, that is, the smoke exhaust duct 330 is located between the rear wall 311 and the multiple battery packs 320. The smoke exhaust duct 330 extends along the z direction, and the smoke exhaust duct 330 is provided with multiple smoke inlets 331, smoke exhaust ports 332 and ventilation ports 339. Multiple smoke inlets 331 are arranged at intervals along the z direction and correspond one-to-one to the battery packs 320. The multiple smoke inlets 331 and the smoke exhaust ports 332 are all connected to the smoke exhaust duct 330. The smoke exhaust ports 332 and the ventilation ports 339 are connected to the external environment of the energy storage cabinet 300. The position of the smoke exhaust ports 332 on the smoke exhaust duct 330 is higher than the position of the ventilation ports 339.

[0055] A pressure relief valve is provided on the outer wall 321 of the battery pack 320. A first sealing member 333 is provided between the pressure relief valve and the smoke inlet. The first sealing member 333 comprises two parallel ends arranged along the x-direction. The opening at one end of the first sealing member 333 covers the periphery of the pressure relief valve, while the opening at the other end of the first sealing member 333 covers the periphery of the smoke inlet 331 corresponding to the pressure relief valve, forming a sealed structure between the battery pack 320 and the corresponding smoke inlet 331. The first sealing member 333, the first sidewall 334, and the outer wall 321 of the battery pack 320 form a sealed space, and the pressure relief valve on the outer wall 321 of the battery pack 320 is located within this sealed space. When installing the battery pack 320 from the door into the energy storage container, a tool is typically used to push the battery pack 320 into the energy storage container along the x-direction in Figure 2 . Under the pressure of the battery pack 320, the first seal 333 is pressed against the first sidewall 334 along the x-direction. The compression of the seal 333 seals the connection between the battery pack 320 and the exhaust duct 330, preventing smoke from escaping into the container 310 and causing thermal runaway to spread to other battery packs 320. For example, the first seal 333 can be a sealing strip. When the battery pack 320 is pressed against the first sidewall 334, the compression ratio of the sealing strip can be 1 / 3 to 1 / 2, effectively sealing the exhaust duct 330 and the battery pack 320. The first seal 333 can also be made of sealing glue.

[0056] When the pressure relief valve of the battery pack 320 is opened, the battery pack 320 communicates with the exhaust duct 330 through the pressure relief valve and the smoke inlet 331 corresponding to the battery pack 320. In other words, the connection between the battery pack 320 and the exhaust duct 330 is controlled by controlling the opening or closing of the pressure relief valve. When the battery pack 3201 experiences thermal runaway, the pressure relief valve of the battery pack 3201 opens, and the high-temperature gas released by the battery pack 3201 is released into the exhaust duct 330 through the opening of the pressure relief valve of the battery pack 3201 and the smoke inlet 331, and then discharged into the external environment through the smoke outlet 332 of the exhaust duct 330. The direction of gas flow is shown in the direction of the arrow in Figure 2. Furthermore, when thermal runaway occurs, battery pack 3201 generates a large amount of electrolyte. After being released into exhaust duct 330 through the opening of the pressure relief valve and smoke inlet 331, the electrolyte falls downward under the action of gravity in a direction opposite to the z-direction. By positioning vent 339 below smoke outlet 332, the high-temperature gases released from battery pack 3201 can be released to the outside environment through smoke outlet 332 at the top of smoke outlet 330 due to the chimney effect, while the electrolyte released from battery pack 3201 can be released to the outside environment through vent 339 at the bottom of smoke outlet 330. Furthermore, the provision of vent 339 maintains a balance between the internal and external pressures of exhaust duct 330. This prevents the high-temperature gases generated by battery pack 320 from being discharged into exhaust duct 330, causing a sharp drop in internal pressure and deformation of the exhaust duct 330. Furthermore, the high-temperature gases generated by battery pack 320 can be quickly discharged to the outside environment, reducing the risk of explosion of battery pack 320. Furthermore, because the battery packs 320 and smoke inlets 331 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, the high-temperature gases generated by thermal runaway of a battery pack 320 are directed into the corresponding smoke inlet 331. This prevents the high-temperature gases released from the battery pack 320 from spreading within the battery compartment, thereby preventing the thermal runaway from spreading to other battery packs 320 and potentially causing thermal runaway of the entire energy storage cabinet 300. The provision of a directional smoke exhaust duct 330 within the energy storage cabinet prevents high-temperature smoke from accumulating within the energy storage cabinet 300 and causing battery box explosions, nor does it spread from the energy storage cabinet 300 into the battery packs 320 and cause secondary hazards, thereby improving the safety of the energy storage cabinet 300.

[0057] The energy storage cabinet further includes a base 315, which serves as a basic support for the energy storage cabinet 300 and can improve the mechanical structural stability of the energy storage cabinet 300. In addition, the base 315 can prevent the bottom surface of the energy storage cabinet from directly contacting the ground, thereby preventing the energy storage cabinet from getting wet.

[0058] It should be noted that the shape of the smoke exhaust pipe 330 is not limited. The smoke exhaust pipe 330 can be a cylindrical tubular structure or a square tubular structure.

[0059] It should be noted that the shape and number of the smoke exhaust port 332 and smoke inlet 331 are also not limited. For example, the smoke exhaust port 332 and smoke inlet 331 can be of any shape, including, but not limited to, regular shapes such as circular or square, or irregular shapes. The number of smoke exhaust ports 332 can be one or more, and the smoke inlet 331 can also include multiple smoke inlet holes.

[0060] In order to ensure the smoke exhaust effect, the sum of the areas of the smoke exhaust port 332 and the smoke inlet 331 should be larger than the area through which gas can flow after the pressure relief valve of the battery pack 320 is opened, so as to avoid the accumulation of high-temperature smoke and combustible gas inside the battery pack 320 or inside the smoke exhaust duct 330, thereby preventing an explosion.

[0061] The embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit the type of pressure relief valve on the battery pack 320. For example, the pressure relief valve can be a notched metal or plastic pressure relief plate as a pressure relief element. When a certain pressure is reached, the pressure relief plate ruptures to relieve pressure. The pressure relief valve can also be a waterproof and breathable pressure relief valve, with a waterproof and breathable membrane disposed within the pressure relief valve. When the battery pack 320 is in normal operating condition, the gas inside the battery pack 320 exchanges gas with the outside through the pressure relief valve, maintaining the air pressure balance within the battery pack 320. The waterproof and breathable membrane can prevent dust and water droplets from entering the battery pack 320. When thermal runaway occurs within the battery pack 320, causing the air pressure within the battery pack 320 to be too high, the pressure relief valve opens, quickly discharging the gas inside the battery pack 320 and relieving pressure. The pressure relief valve can also be a spring-loaded pressure relief valve, including a valve body, an elastic component, and a protective cover. When the air pressure inside the battery pack 320 increases significantly, the elastic component pushes open the protective cover, and the pressure relief valve opens to achieve rapid pressure relief. In addition, the pressure relief valve has the function of positive pressure oxygen blocking. On the one hand, the pressure relief valve can prevent external oxygen from entering the battery pack 320. On the other hand, the gas inside the battery pack 320 can exchange gas with the outside world through the pressure relief valve.

[0062] It should be noted that the pressure relief valve can be opened actively. For example, if the air pressure inside the battery pack 320 is too high, the pressure relief valve automatically opens to relieve pressure. The pressure relief valve can also be opened passively by connecting to a control module (for example, BMS, Battery Management System, used for intelligent management and maintenance of batteries). For example, a smoke sensor, a combustible gas sensor or a temperature sensor can be set inside the battery pack 320. When the above sensors detect abnormal air pressure, gas or temperature inside the battery pack 320, the BMS controls the pressure relief valve corresponding to the battery pack 320 to open, so that the battery pack 320 is connected to the smoke exhaust duct 330, thereby realizing the directional discharge of smoke released by the battery pack 320 during thermal runaway.

[0063] In one example, the smoke exhaust duct 330 can also be a separate component from the housing 310. Its structure can be seen in the schematic diagram of the energy storage cabinet shown in FIG4 . When the smoke exhaust duct 330 has a square cross-section, it can include four sequentially connected sidewalls: a first sidewall 334 and a second sidewall 335 arranged parallel to each other, with the second sidewall 335 located between the first sidewall 334 and the rear wall 311. The first sidewall 334 is arranged parallel to the multiple battery packs 320 (not shown in FIG4 ). Multiple smoke inlets 331 are provided on the first sidewall 334, corresponding one-to-one with the multiple battery packs 320, with each smoke inlet 331 positioned opposite the pressure relief valve of each battery pack 320. Continuing with FIG5 , which shows an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of area A in FIG4 , the second sidewall 335 is provided with a smoke exhaust vent 332, the lower edge of which is higher than the upper edge of the smoke inlet 3311 located at the top of the first sidewall 334. The upper area of ​​the rear wall 311 is provided with multiple exhaust holes 3111. The projection of this upper area in the x-direction is larger than the orthographic projection of the smoke exhaust port 332 in the x-direction. When the battery pack 320 experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature gases released from the battery pack 320 are released into the smoke exhaust duct 330 through the smoke inlet 331. Then, they are released through the smoke exhaust port 332 in the upper portion of the second side wall 335 into the gap between the rear wall 311 and the second side wall 335. Finally, they are released into the external environment through the multiple exhaust holes 3111 provided in the rear wall 311, achieving directional smoke exhaust for the energy storage cabinet 300.

[0064] Continuing with Figure 4 , a gap 316 exists between the second sidewall 335 and the rear wall 311. This gap 316 is filled with a flame-retardant material. In the event of thermal runaway of the battery pack 320, the flame-retardant material can isolate the rear wall 311 from the exhaust duct 330, which is filled with high-temperature gases, thereby preventing the entire energy storage cabinet 300 from catching fire. Flame-retardant materials can include rock wool, calcium carbonate board, and silica. Other flame retardants include bromine-based, nitrogen-based, and red phosphorus compounds, as well as flame retardants such as antimony trioxide, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, and silicon-based materials.

[0065] In another example, in order to better utilize the chimney effect during exhaust, the lower edge of the smoke exhaust port 332 is designed to be higher than the upper edge of the topmost smoke inlet 331 among the multiple smoke inlets 331 .

[0066] Because the multiple exhaust holes 3111 and smoke exhaust port 332 connect the external environment to the smoke exhaust duct 311, when the external environment is rainy, rainwater and dust may enter the smoke exhaust duct 311 through the multiple exhaust holes 3111 and smoke exhaust port 332, potentially causing water accumulation at the first seal 333, damaging the seal structure and resulting in a gap between the battery pack 320 and the first sidewall 334. If one battery pack 320 experiences thermal runaway, the smoke it releases may be released into the energy storage cabinet 300 through the gap, thereby spreading the thermal runaway to other battery packs 320 and causing thermal runaway of the entire energy storage cabinet 300. Therefore, to prevent rainwater from entering the smoke exhaust duct 330, a labyrinth baffle structure can be provided between the rear wall 311 and the second sidewall 334. 5 , the first baffle 336 is fixed to the top wall of the box body 310 and is arranged at the multiple smoke exhaust holes 3111 . The orthographic projection of the first baffle 336 in the x-direction at least covers the orthographic projection of the multiple exhaust holes 3111 in the x-direction, ensuring its shielding effect on the smoke exhaust holes 3111 .

[0067] In addition, a second baffle 337 is provided at the smoke exhaust port 332, and the second baffle 337 is fixed to the lower edge of the smoke exhaust port 332. There is a gap between the first baffle 336 and the second baffle 337, and there is a partial overlapping area between the orthographic projections of the first baffle 336 and the second baffle in the x-direction. In order to reduce the resistance of the first baffle 336 and the second baffle 337 to the smoke when the energy storage cabinet 300 is directionally exhausting smoke, the first baffle 336 and the second baffle 337 are both inclined toward the rear wall. Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of the gas inside the battery pack when thermal runaway occurs. The flow direction of the high-temperature smoke released when the battery pack 320 has thermal runaway is shown with reference to the direction of the arrow in Figure 6. Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of external rainwater. When the external environment is rainy, rainwater entering the gap between the rear wall 3111 and the second side wall 335 through the upper portion of the exhaust hole 3111 will be blocked by the first baffle 336. Rainwater entering the gap between the rear wall 3111 and the second side wall 335 through the lower portion of the exhaust hole 3111 will be blocked by the second baffle 337, thereby achieving all-round rain protection for the smoke exhaust duct. This improves the reliability and safety of the energy storage cabinet 300.

[0068] Continuing with Figure 5 , the second baffle 337 and the rear wall 311 can be connected in various ways. For example, the second baffle 337 includes a first bend 3371, a second bend 3372, a third bend 3373, and a fourth bend 3374. The first bend 3371 is inclined toward the rear wall 311, and the angle between the first bend 3371 and the second bend 3372 is obtuse. The second bend 3372 is parallel to and connected to the second side wall 335. The third bend 3373 is connected between the second bend 3372 and the fourth bend 3374. The fourth bend 3374 is parallel to and connected to the rear wall 311. The third bend 3373 is located below the plurality of exhaust holes 3111 and divides the space between the rear wall 311 and the second side wall 335 into an upper space and a lower space. The lower space is filled with a flame-retardant material.

[0069] It should be understood that the design of the above-mentioned first baffle 336 and second baffle 337 can also prevent the entry of external foreign matter. For example, in dusty weather, external foreign matter may enter the interior of the smoke exhaust duct 330 through the exhaust hole 3111 and the smoke exhaust port 332 under the action of natural wind, and then adhere to the surface of the pressure relief valve through the smoke inlet 331, causing the pressure relief valve to be blocked. Once the battery pack 320 has thermal runaway, the pressure relief valve cannot be opened in time due to blockage, and the high-temperature flue gas generated by the battery pack 320 accumulates inside the battery pack 320, causing an explosion. Providing a labyrinth baffle structure at the smoke exhaust hole can play a certain shielding role against foreign matter entering from the outside, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the energy storage cabinet 300.

[0070] In another example, the first baffle 336 is arranged parallel to the rear wall 311 and may be provided with multiple through-holes, which do not overlap with the multiple exhaust holes 3111. In other words, the multiple through-holes are staggered with the multiple exhaust holes 3111. When rainwater enters, the first baffle 336 can provide some shielding. Furthermore, if thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 320, the through-holes can promptly discharge fumes.

[0071] It should be understood that in order to ensure the internal air pressure balance of the smoke exhaust duct 330 during smoke exhaust, the smoke exhaust duct 330 is also provided with a vent 339. The position of the smoke exhaust port 332 on the smoke exhaust duct 330 is higher than the position of the vent 339. For example, the vent 339 can be set on the bottom wall 3301 of the smoke exhaust duct 330, and the bottom wall 330 and the first side wall 334 and the second side wall 335 are all perpendicular. The structure of the vent 339 can be shown in Figure 8, which is an enlarged schematic diagram of point B in Figure 4. The vent 339 is set on the bottom wall 3301 of the smoke exhaust duct 330. When the battery pack 320 experiences thermal runaway, the pressure relief valve of the battery pack 320 opens, and the high-temperature gas released by the battery pack 320 is released from the smoke inlet 331 into the smoke exhaust duct 330, and then discharged to the external environment through the smoke exhaust port 332 of the smoke exhaust duct 330. The battery pack 320 releases a large amount of electrolyte when thermal runaway occurs. After the electrolyte is released into the exhaust duct 330 through the opening of the pressure relief valve and the smoke inlet 331, it falls downward under the action of gravity and is then released to the external environment from the vent 339 on the top wall 3301 of the exhaust duct 330.

[0072] The exhaust duct 330 is a separate component from the energy storage cabinet 300. The first side wall 334 and the second side wall 335 can be fixed to the interior of the housing 310 via welding or other connection methods. To further simplify the structural design of the exhaust duct 330 within the housing 310, the exhaust duct 330 can reuse the bottom wall of the energy storage cabinet 300. To ensure the seal between the exhaust duct 330 and the housing 310, a second seal 3341 can be provided between the bottom surfaces of the first and second side walls 334, 335 facing the bottom wall 3301. The structural positional relationship of the second seal 3341 can be further illustrated in FIG8 . A vent 339 is located on the bottom wall between the two second seals 3341, enabling timely discharge of accumulated water and electrolyte within the exhaust duct 330 to the external environment. Furthermore, the exhaust duct 330 reuses the bottom wall of the energy storage cabinet 300, eliminating the need for additional drilling and improving production efficiency.

[0073] In another example, the smoke exhaust duct 330 can be integrally formed with the housing 310, effectively simplifying the structure of the energy storage cabinet 300. In this case, the rear wall 311 of the housing 310 can serve as the side wall of the smoke exhaust duct 330, with the smoke exhaust port 332 positioned directly on the rear wall 311 of the housing 310. This solution avoids the need to connect the smoke exhaust port 332 to the exhaust holes of the housing 310, effectively simplifying the assembly process of the energy storage cabinet 300 and reducing the risk of smoke escaping into the housing 310. The structure of the smoke exhaust duct 330 and the housing can be seen in the schematic structural diagram of the energy storage cabinet 300 shown in FIG9 . The smoke exhaust duct 330 includes a first side wall 334, which is located between the rear wall 311 and the outer wall 321 of the battery pack 320. The first side wall 334 is provided with multiple smoke inlets 331, and the rear wall 311 is provided with a smoke exhaust port 332, which can be a plurality of smoke exhaust holes 3111.

[0074] Continuing with Figure 9 , to prevent external rainwater from entering the smoke exhaust duct 330, a baffle 3342 is provided between the smoke exhaust port 332 and the first sidewall 334. The angle between baffle 3342 and the first sidewall 334 is acute. The structural position of baffle 3342 can be seen in Figure 10 , which is an enlarged schematic diagram of area C in Figure 9 . Baffle 3342 is located between the smoke exhaust port 332 and the first sidewall 334. Baffle 3342 is fixedly connected to the first sidewall 334. The angle between baffle 3342 and the first sidewall 334, i.e., Angle 1, is acute. In other words, baffle 3342 is inclined toward the smoke exhaust port 332. The pressure relief valve of the battery pack 320 located near the smoke exhaust port 332 is arranged toward the smoke inlet 331 of the first side wall 334. When the external environment is poor, such as during dusty weather, external foreign matter may enter the interior of the smoke exhaust duct 330 through the smoke exhaust port 332 under the influence of natural wind, and then adhere to the surface of the pressure relief valve through the smoke inlet 331, causing the pressure relief valve to be blocked. Once the battery pack 320 experiences thermal runaway, the pressure relief valve cannot be opened in time due to the blockage, and the high-temperature flue gas generated by the battery pack 320 accumulates inside the battery pack 320, causing an explosion. A baffle 3342 inclined toward the smoke exhaust port 332 is provided at the smoke exhaust port 332 to provide a certain degree of shielding against foreign matter or rainwater entering from the outside. After rainwater or foreign matter invade the interior of the smoke exhaust duct 330, they will fall vertically along the smoke exhaust duct 330 along the baffle 3342.

[0075] It should be understood that the smoke exhaust duct 330 can also reuse the bottom wall of the box body 310, with the first side wall 334 and the rear wall 311 being perpendicular to the bottom wall 3301 of the smoke exhaust duct 330. To improve the sealing between the first side wall 334 and the box body 310, a second seal is provided between the bottom surface of the first side wall 334 facing the bottom wall 3301 and the bottom wall, and a vent 339 is provided in the bottom wall, between the rear wall and the second seal.

[0076] In another example, the smoke exhaust duct 330 may not reuse the bottom wall of the box. For example, the first side wall 334 is a sheet metal part, and the first side wall includes three parts, which are bent in a "Z" shape. The first part 3342 is arranged parallel to the rear wall 311, and the first part 3342 is provided with multiple smoke inlets 331. The second part 3344 serves as the bottom wall of the smoke exhaust duct 330, and the third part 3345 is fixedly connected to the rear wall 311. The vent 339 can be provided on the rear wall 311. For example, the vent 339 is provided in the upper area of ​​the junction of the rear wall 311 and the bottom wall 3344 of the smoke exhaust duct. The structure of the vent 339 can be referred to Figure 11, which is an enlarged schematic diagram of the D area in Figure 9. The second part 3344 can be designed to be tilted downward, that is, the angle between the second part 3344 and the first part 3343 is an obtuse angle, and the angle between the second part 3344 and the rear wall 311 is an acute angle. When rainwater seeps into the smoke exhaust duct 330 , the rainwater can slide out from the vent 339 along the slope of the second portion 3344 and be discharged to the external environment.

[0077] In another example, the smoke exhaust port 332 may be provided on the top wall of the smoke exhaust duct 330. A schematic structural diagram of the smoke exhaust duct 330 may be shown in FIG12. The smoke exhaust duct 330 includes a top wall 3302, a bottom wall 3301, a first side wall 334, and a second side wall 335. The bottom wall 3301 and the top wall 3302 are arranged parallel to each other. The bottom wall 3301 and the top wall 3302 intersect with the first side wall 334 and the second side wall 335. The first side wall 334 is arranged parallel to the outer wall of the battery pack 320. The first side wall 334 is provided with a plurality of smoke inlets 331. The top wall 3302 is provided with a smoke exhaust port 332. The bottom wall 3301 is provided with a vent 339. When the battery pack 320 experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature flue gas released is discharged to the external environment through the exhaust port 332 on the top wall 3302 , and the released electrolyte or accumulated water inside the exhaust pipe 330 can be discharged to the external environment through the vent 339 on the bottom wall 3301 .

[0078] It should be understood that the second side wall 335 can reuse the rear wall 311 of the energy storage cabinet 300 to simplify the structural design of the energy storage cabinet 300 .

[0079] Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of area E in Figure 12 , showing the structure of the first seal 333. The other end of the first seal 333 includes an inner wall 3331 and an outer wall 3332, which are arranged in opposite directions. The inner wall 3331 faces the smoke inlet 331, and the lower edge of the inner wall 3331 of the first seal is flush with the lower edge 3311 of the smoke inlet 331, or the lower edge of the inner wall 3331 of the first seal is higher than the lower edge of the smoke inlet 331. If rainwater enters the smoke exhaust duct 333, it may adhere to the inner wall 3331 of the first seal 3311 through the smoke inlet 331. If the lower edge of the inner wall 3331 of the first seal 333 is lower than the lower edge of the smoke inlet 331, rainwater will accumulate on the inner wall 3331 of the first seal 333. Over time, this may cause the first seal 333 to fail, leading to a seal failure and the inability to achieve directional smoke exhaust. Therefore, the lower edge of the inner wall 3331 of the first sealing member 333 is designed to be no lower than the lower edge of the smoke inlet 331. When external rainwater enters, it can slide from the inner wall 3331 of the first sealing member 333 into the smoke exhaust duct and then be discharged to the external environment through the vent 339, thereby improving the reliability of the energy storage cabinet 300.

[0080] In another example, the first sidewall 334 includes a plurality of raised portions 3346 facing the outer wall 321 of the battery pack 320. The structure of the raised portions 3346 can be further illustrated with reference to Figures 12 and 13. Each raised portion 3346 has a hollow structure, and each has a smoke inlet. The sum of the height of the raised portion 3346 and the thickness of the first sealing member 333 is greater than or equal to the height of the pressure relief valve protruding from the outer wall 321 of the battery pack 320. The periphery of the raised portion 3346 abuts the other end of the first sealing member 333. The raised portions 3346 and the first sealing member 333 together form a smoke inlet channel between the first sidewall 334 and the outer wall 321 of the battery pack 320. The design of the raised portions 3346 can better accommodate pressure relief valves of varying heights in different battery pack models 320, thereby enhancing the flexibility and diverse application scenarios of the energy storage cabinet 300.

[0081] It should be noted that the raised portion 3346 and the first side wall 334 can be integrally formed as a single piece, which can enhance the firmness and sealing of the smoke exhaust duct 330. In another example, the raised portion 3346 and the first side wall 334 can be independent components and fixedly connected by welding or other means.

[0082] In another example, the structure of the energy storage cabinet 300 can be seen in Figure 3 . The smoke exhaust vent 332 can also be located on the left and right walls 312, 313 of the housing 310. The left and right walls 312, 313 of the energy storage cabinet are parallel in the y-direction, and the door and rear sidewall of the energy storage cabinet are parallel in the x-direction. The smoke exhaust duct 330 is located between the battery pack 320 and the rear sidewall. When the smoke exhaust duct 330 has a square cross-section, it includes four sequentially connected sidewalls: the first sidewall 334 and the second sidewall 335 are parallel in the x-direction, and the third sidewall 3303 and the fourth sidewall 3304 are parallel in the y-direction. That is, the first sidewall 334 is parallel to the battery pack 320, and the second sidewall 335 is parallel to the rear wall. The smoke exhaust vent 332 can be located on the third or fourth sidewall 3303, 3304. Accordingly, the exhaust holes can be located on the left or right wall 312, 313 of the housing 310. A pipe is provided between the exhaust hole and the smoke exhaust port to achieve communication between the two.

[0083] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application also provides an energy storage system, which includes the above-mentioned energy storage cabinet and a power converter, wherein the power converter is used to convert the AC power output by an external AC power supply into DC power and output it to the energy storage cabinet, and / or the power converter is used to convert the DC power output by the energy storage cabinet into AC power and output it to a load or a power grid.

[0084] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application also provides a directional smoke exhaust assembly for an energy storage device, the energy storage device includes a plurality of battery packs, the directional smoke exhaust assembly includes a smoke exhaust pipe, the smoke exhaust pipe is provided with a plurality of smoke inlets, and the plurality of battery packs correspond one to one with the plurality of smoke inlets; each battery pack is provided with a pressure relief valve, and after the pressure relief valve of each battery pack is opened, each battery pack is connected to the smoke exhaust pipe. The directional smoke exhaust assembly can be located inside the energy storage device or outside the energy storage device. On the one hand, the smoke exhaust pipe can be connected to the battery pack inside the energy storage device, and on the other hand, the smoke exhaust pipe can be connected to the water tank. When a battery pack experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature smoke generated by the battery pack can be transferred to the water tank through the smoke exhaust pipe to prevent the smoke from accumulating in the battery pack and causing fire or explosion accidents.

[0085] The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A directional smoke exhaust energy storage cabinet, characterized in that: The energy storage cabinet comprises a box body, the box body is provided with a box door, the box door is arranged parallel to the rear wall of the box body, the box body is used to accommodate a plurality of stacked battery packs and a smoke exhaust duct, the smoke exhaust duct is arranged between the rear wall and the plurality of battery packs, and the smoke exhaust duct extends along the stacking direction of the plurality of battery packs; The smoke exhaust duct is provided with a plurality of smoke inlets, smoke exhaust outlets and ventilation outlets, the smoke exhaust outlets and the ventilation outlets are both connected to the external environment of the energy storage cabinet, and the position of the smoke exhaust outlet on the smoke exhaust duct is higher than the position of the ventilation outlet; The multiple smoke inlets are arranged at intervals along the stacking direction of the multiple battery packs, at least some of the multiple battery packs are provided with pressure relief valves on the outer wall facing the smoke exhaust duct, a first seal is provided between the pressure relief valve and the smoke inlet, the first seal includes two ends arranged in parallel along the spacing direction between the rear wall and the box door, an opening at one end of the first seal covers the outer periphery of the pressure relief valve, and an opening at the other end of the first seal covers the outer periphery of the smoke inlet.

2. The energy storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smoke exhaust channel includes two side walls arranged in parallel, one of which is arranged in parallel with the outer wall of the battery pack, and the other side wall is located between the one of the side walls and the rear wall; One of the side walls is provided with the multiple smoke inlets, and the multiple smoke inlets correspond to the multiple battery packs one by one, and the other side wall is provided with the smoke exhaust port.

3. The energy storage cabinet according to claim 2, characterized in that: There is a gap between the other side wall and the rear wall, and the gap is filled with a flame retardant material.

4. The energy storage cabinet according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The lower edge of the smoke exhaust port is higher than the upper edge of the topmost smoke inlet port among the plurality of smoke inlets.

5. The energy storage cabinet according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: A partial area of ​​the rear wall is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes, and the orthographic projection of the partial area in the spacing direction between the rear wall and the door covers the orthographic projection of the smoke exhaust port in the spacing direction between the rear wall and the door.

6. The energy storage cabinet according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: A first baffle is provided between the rear wall and the other side wall, and the orthographic projection of the first baffle in the spacing direction between the rear wall and the door at least covers the orthographic projection of the plurality of exhaust holes in the spacing direction between the rear wall and the door.

7. The energy storage cabinet according to claim 6, characterized in that: A second baffle is provided at the smoke exhaust port, and there is a partial overlapping area in the orthographic projections of the first baffle and the second baffle in the spacing direction between the rear wall and the box door.

8. The energy storage cabinet according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first baffle is fixed to the top wall of the box body and is inclined toward the rear wall, and the second baffle is fixed to the lower edge of the smoke exhaust port and is inclined toward the rear wall.

9. The energy storage cabinet according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first baffle is arranged in parallel with the rear wall. A plurality of through holes are arranged on the first baffle, and the plurality of through holes and the plurality of exhaust holes are arranged without overlapping.

10. The energy storage cabinet according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that: The smoke exhaust duct comprises a bottom wall, the two side walls are perpendicular to the bottom wall, and a second sealing member is disposed between the bottom surfaces of the two side walls facing the bottom wall and the bottom wall; The vent is provided on the bottom wall, and the vent is located between the two second sealing members.

11. The energy storage cabinet according to any one of claims 2 to 10, characterized in that: One of the side walls comprises a plurality of protrusions facing the outer wall of each of the battery packs, the protrusions are provided with a hollow structure, each protrusion is provided with the smoke inlet, and the sum of the height of the protrusions and the thickness of the first sealing member is greater than or equal to the height of the pressure relief valve protruding from the outer wall of the battery pack; The peripheral edge of the protrusion abuts against the other end of the first sealing member.

12. The energy storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smoke exhaust duct includes a side wall, the side wall is located between the rear wall and the outer wall of the battery pack, the side wall is provided with the multiple smoke inlets, and the rear wall is provided with the smoke exhaust outlet.

13. The energy storage cabinet according to claim 12, characterized in that: A baffle is provided between the smoke exhaust port and the side wall, and the included angle between the baffle and the side wall is an acute angle.

14. The energy storage cabinet according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that: The side wall is perpendicular to the bottom wall of the smoke exhaust duct, and a second sealing member is provided between the bottom surface of the side wall facing the bottom wall and the bottom wall; The vent is provided on the bottom wall, and the vent is located between the rear wall and the second sealing member.

15. The energy storage cabinet according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that: The rear wall and the bottom wall of the smoke exhaust duct are perpendicular to each other, and the ventilation opening is arranged in the upper area of ​​the junction of the rear wall and the bottom wall.

16. The energy storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smoke exhaust duct includes a top wall, a bottom wall and a side wall, the bottom wall and the top wall are arranged in parallel, the bottom wall and the top wall intersect with the side wall, the side wall is arranged parallel to the outer wall of the battery pack, the side wall is provided with the multiple smoke inlets, the top wall is provided with the smoke exhaust port, and the bottom wall is provided with the ventilation port.

17. The energy storage cabinet according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that: The other end of the first sealing member includes an inner wall and an outer wall arranged opposite to each other, the inner wall is arranged toward the smoke inlet, the lower edge of the inner wall of the first sealing member is on the same horizontal plane as the lower edge of the smoke inlet, or the lower edge of the inner wall of the first sealing member is higher than the lower edge of the smoke inlet.

18. An energy storage system, characterized in that: The energy storage system includes the energy storage cabinet and the power converter according to any one of claims 1 to 17 above, wherein the power converter is used to convert the AC power output by an external AC power supply into DC power and output it to the energy storage cabinet, and / or the power converter is used to convert the DC power output by the energy storage cabinet into AC power and output it to a load or a power grid.

Images