GPC3 antibody-drug conjugates and use thereof
GPC3 antibody-drug conjugates offer a targeted therapeutic approach for GPC3-expressing diseases like HCC, achieving significant tumor growth inhibition and improved survival in preclinical models.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/137386
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2023-12-07
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-06
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-12
AI Technical Summary
Current treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and other GPC3-expressing diseases have limited efficacy, and there is a need for targeted therapies that can specifically target GPC3-expressing tumors with high tumor specificity and minimal adverse effects.
Development of GPC3 antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) that specifically bind to the GPC3 protein on tumor cell surfaces, are efficiently internalized, and mediate the killing of tumor cells, thereby inhibiting tumor growth and improving median survival in tumor-bearing mice.
The GPC3 ADCs demonstrate significant tumor growth inhibition and improved median survival in tumor-bearing mice, indicating their potential as an effective targeted therapy for GPC3-expressing diseases.
Smart Images

Figure CN2024137386_12062025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
GPC3 Antibody-Drug Conjugates and Use thereofFIELD OF INVENTIONThe present disclosure relates to GPC3 antibody-drug conjugates (GPC3 ADCs) and use thereof. Specifically, the GPC3 ADCs of the present disclosure are prepared with a GPC3 antibody and small molecule drugs, for example, through a conjugation method in the presence of transition metal ions.BACKGROUND OF INVENTIONGlypican-3 (GPC3) is a cell-surface glycoproteins in which heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan chains are covalently linked to a protein core. It is an oncofetal glycoprotein attached to the cell membrane by a glycophosphatidylinositol anchor. The GPC3 gene is located on the long arm of the X chromosome at position 26, and contains 11 exons. The transcript is 2130 bp, encoding a GPC3 protein of 580 amino acids, and the molecular weight of the GPC3 protein is about 70 kDa. The GPC3 protein contains a furin restriction enzyme site, and by cleavage of the peptide bond between Arg358 and Cys359, the GPC3 protein is cleaved into two fragments: N-terminal at 40 kD and C-terminal at 30 kD. These two subunits can be connected by one or more disulfide bonds, and the N-terminal subunit can be further sheared to form sGPC3 in the peripheral circulation. Heparan sulfate modification occurs at two sites of GPC3: Cys495 and Cys508; Ser560 is anchored to the lipid raft on cell membrane by phosphatidylinositol [1] . GPC3 has been implicated in a variety of processes, including cell growth, differentiation, and migration [2-3] .GPC3 is expressed in many types of tumors, especially hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) , but rarely in normal tissues. GPC3 is specifically expressed in liver cancer tissues, and presents as soluble GPC3 (sGPC3) in peripheral blood of HCC patients, while its expression is not detected in the liver tissues of healthy adults, or pathological samples of fatty liver, or liver with cirrhosis, hepatitis, or injury, suggesting that GPC3 is a more reliable tumor marker than alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) . In addition, GPC3 is rarely expressed in other normal tissues of adults, and therefore is suitable for targeted therapy as a tumor antigen [4-5] .Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) , as a prevalent cancer in China, is the second most common cause of cancer-related death in the world. However, the current FDA-approved therapeutics, including sorafenib, provide limited survival benefits. Hence there is an enormous unmet medical need.Therefore, targeting GPC3 high solid tumors (e.g., HCC, etc. ) via specific mAbs in the format of bispecific, Ab-drug conjugates (ADCs) or CAR-T, may bring clinical benefits to patients. Currently, GPC3 mAb (Roche, hGC33) failed in phase II study as mono-therapy. However, multiple preclinical / early phase clinical studies are still ongoing as ADCs, CAR-T or anti-CD3 based bispecific Abs (e.g., ERY974, Chugai, phase I trial) . Additionally, no severe adverse effects were reported in the clinical studies, suggesting they may have high tumor specificity, and perhaps, good potential as an ideal target for an ADC approach [7-8] .WO2020164561A1, an application filed by the same applicant, discloses a process for preparing antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) with improved homogeneity in the presence of transition metal ions, for example, but not limited to Zn2+ (referred to as “WuXiDAR4 technology” hereafter, producing a composition of ADCs comprising more than 65 wt%of D4 (i.e., an ADC molecule with four drug molecules coupled to one single antibody molecule) ) .Therefore, there is unmet need for developing a GPC3 antibody and GPC3 ADCs which may be effective in targeted therapies for GPC3-expressing diseases.SUMMARY OF INVENTIONThe present disclosure aims to discover novel GPC3 antibody drug conjugates (GPC3 ADCs) that will specially bind to GPC3 protein expressed on tumor cell surface, be efficiently internalized, and mediate efficient killing of tumor cells (e.g., HCC cells) in vitro and in vivo, and significantly repress the growth of GPC3+ tumors in vivo.The present disclosure is based on an unexpected and surprising finding during the inventors’ work for developing novel GPC3 antibodies and ADCs thereof. Surprisingly, the GPC3 ADCs prepared by one GPC3 antibody and small molecule drugs (for example, but not limited to anti-tumor drugs) have significant tumor growth inhibition (TGI) and can significantly improve median survival of tumor-bearing mice, as compared with other GPC3 ADCs prepared with different GPC3 antibodies and the same small molecule drugs.In a first aspect, the present disclosure relates to a composition of GPC3 antibody-drug conjugates (GPC3 ADCs) , wherein the GPC3 ADCs are represented by formula 1:Ab- (Linker-Payload) n (formula 1)wherein:Ab represents a GPC3 antibody molecule;Linker represents a linker containing at least two reactive groups, one of which is capable of covalently bonding a drug molecule and the other of which is capable of covalently coupling to an antibody;Payload represents a drug molecule; andn is 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8;wherein the Linker and the Payload form a payload bearing reactive group, and optionally, wherein the payload bearing reactive group is, but not limited to, maleimide bearing a drug, an organic bromide bearing a drug, or an organic iodide bearing a drug; andwherein the Payload is a cytotoxic reagent, such as a chemo-therapeutic agent, an immunotherapeutic agent and the like, an antiviral agent or an antimicrobial agent.Those skilled in the art would appreciate:When n is 0, “Ab- (Linker-Payload) 0” may be represented by D0 or DAR0, which means that no drug molecule is conjugated to one single antibody molecule, and actually refers to the antibody molecule per se;When n is 2, “Ab- (Linker-Payload) 2” may be represented by D2 or DAR2, which refers to an ADC molecule in which two drug molecules are conjugated to one single antibody molecule;When n is 4, “Ab- (Linker-Payload) 4” may be represented by D4 or DAR4, which refers to an ADC molecule in which four drug molecules are conjugated to one single antibody molecule;When n is 6, “Ab- (Linker-Payload) 6” may be represented by D6 or DAR6, which refers to an ADC molecule in which six drug molecules are conjugated to one single antibody molecule; andWhen n is 8, “Ab- (Linker-Payload) 8” may be represented by D8 or DAR8, which refers to an ADC molecule in which eight drug molecules are conjugated to one single antibody molecule.In an embodiment, the GPC3 antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region (VH) and a light chain variable region (VL) , wherein:(a) the heavy chain variable region (VH) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 17,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 18, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 19; and (b) the light chain variable region (VL) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 20,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 21, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 22; or (a’) the heavy chain variable region (VH) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3; and (b’) the light chain variable region (VL) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6; or (a”) the heavy chain variable region (VH) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 7, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3; and (b”) the light chain variable region (VL) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 8,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6.In a preferred embodiment, the GPC3 antibody comprises:(a) a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 23, and(b) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 24; or(a’) a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%or 99%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 9, and(b’) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 10; or(a”) a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 11, and(b” ) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 12.In a more preferred embodiment, the GPC3 antibody comprises:(a) a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 23, and(b) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 24; or(a’ ) a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 9, and(b’ ) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 10; or(a” ) a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 11, and(b” ) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 12.In a more preferred embodiment, the GPC3 antibody comprises:(a) a heavy chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 25, and(b) a light chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 26; or(a’) a heavy chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 13, and(b’) a light chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 14; or(a”) a heavy chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 15, and(b”) a light chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 16.In a more preferred embodiment, the GPC3 antibody comprises:(a) a heavy chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 25, and(b) a light chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 26; or.(a’) a heavy chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 13, and(b’) a light chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 14; or(a”) a heavy chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 15, and(b”) a light chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 16.In an embodiment, the composition of GPC3 antibody-drug conjugates (GPC3 ADCs) is prepared with a GPC3 antibody and small molecule drugs (for example, but not limited to anti-tumor drugs) through a conjugation method, e.g., the conjugation method disclosed in WO2020164561A1, which is incorporated herein by reference (especially see paragraphs
[0016] to
[0025] , and claims 1-15 of WO2020164561A1) .In a specific embodiment, the composition of GPC3 antibody-drug conjugates (GPC3 ADCs) of the present disclosure is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:(a) incubating a reductant and a GPC3 antibody in the presence of an effective amount of transition metal ions in a buffer system to reduce inter-chain disulfide bonds within the antibody;(b) introducing an excess amount of payload bearing reactive groups to react with reduced thiol groups resulted from step (a) ; and(c) adding an effective amount of oxidant to re-oxidize the unreacted thiol groups, and then recovering the resultant GPC3 ADCs.In a specific embodiment, the transition metal ions in step (a) are selected from a group comprising Zn2+, Cd2+, Hg2+, or the combination thereof, preferably Zn2+. For example, suitable transition metal salts may be added in step (a) as long as they are soluble in the reaction solution so that free transition metal ions can be released in the reaction solution. In this regard, ZnCl2, Zn (NO3) 2, ZnSO4, Zn (CH3COO) 2, ZnI2, ZnBr2, Zinc Formate, and zinc tetrafluoroborate may be mentioned as suitable zinc salts. The transition metal ions will be removed in purification step by using EDTA as chelating reagent, which will be filtered out in subsequent dialysis, ultrafiltration or gel filtration.Suitable buffer system for the reaction in step (a) includes, but not limited to, Hepes, Histidine buffer, PBS, MES, and the like. The optimum pH for the reaction will typically between about 5.5 and about 8, for instance, about 5.5 to 7.5.In a specific embodiment, the reductant in step (a) may be TECP. In a specific embodiment, the oxidant in step (c) may be DHAA.In an embodiment, the payload refers to a small molecule drug, for example, but not limited to, cytotoxic reagents, such as chemo-therapeutic agents, immunotherapeutic agents and the like, antiviral agents or antimicrobial agents. In an embodiment, the drug to be conjugated with an antibody may be selected from, but not limited to: MMAE (monomethyl auristatin E) , MMAD (monomethyl auristatin D) , MMAF (monomethyl auristatin F) , Dxd, Exatecan, DM1, PE38, and the like.As for the payload bearing reactive group to be conjugated to the selected antibody, it generally has a format of drug-linker. There are no specific limitations to the drug and linker which can be used in the bio-conjugation process of the present disclosure, as long as the drug molecule has a desired (e.g., cytotoxic, antitumor, or labelling, etc. ) effect and at least one substituted group or a partial structure allowing connection to a linker structure, and the linker contains at least two reactive groups, one of which can covalently bond a drug molecule and the other of which can covalently couple to an antibody.Depending on the desired drug and selected linker, those skilled in the art can select suitable method for coupling them together. For example, some conventional coupling methods, such as amine coupling methods, may be used to form the desired drug-linker complex which still contains reactive groups for conjugating to the antibodies through covalent linkage. A drug-maleimide complex (i.e., maleimide linking drug) is taken as an example of the payload bearing reactive group in the present disclosure. The drug may include, but not limited to, cytotoxic reagents, such as chemo-therapeutic agents, immunotherapeutic agents and the like, antiviral agents or antimicrobial agents. Most common reactive group capable of bonding to thiol group in ADC preparation is maleimide. Additionally, organic bromides, iodides also are frequently used.In a specific embodiment, the payload bearing reactive group is MC-VC-PAB-MMAE.In an embodiment, the content of D4 in the composition of GPC3 ADCs is more than 50 wt%, preferably more than 60 wt %, most preferably more than 70 wt%, on the basis of total weight of D0, D2, D4, D6 and D8. In a preferred embodiment, after step (c) , the resultant GPC3 ADCs are further purified to produce a product comprising a high purity of D4.In a second aspect, the present disclosure relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising the composition of GPC3 antibody-drug conjugates (GPC3 ADCs) as described in the first aspect and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.In a third aspect, the present disclosure relates to a method for treating GPC3-expressing diseases in a subject, comprising administrating to the subject the composition of GPC3 antibody-drug conjugates (GPC3 ADCs) as described in the first aspect or the pharmaceutical composition as describe in the second aspect.In a fourth aspect, the present disclosure relates to use of the composition of GPC3 antibody-drug conjugates (GPC3 ADCs) as described in the first aspect in manufacture of a pharmaceutical composition or a medicament for treating GPC3-expressing diseases in a subject.In an embodiment, the GPC3-expressing diseases refer to GPC3+ tumors, for example, solid tumors or non-solid tumors, including, but not limited to, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, mammary cancer, prostate cancer, leukemia or lymphoma, preferably liver cancer, more preferably hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) .In an embodiment, the subject is a human suffering from GPC3-expressing diseases.In an embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition or medicament comprises a therapeutically effective amount of GPC3 ADCs.In an embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition or medicament may be used in combination with another therapeutic agent, for example, agents for chemotherapy, radiotherapy or immunotherapy.In an embodiment, another therapeutic agent is administrated to the subject simultaneously or sequentially with the pharmaceutical composition or medicament of the present disclosure. For example, another therapeutic agent is administrated to the subject prior to or after the administration of the pharmaceutical composition or medicament of the present disclosure.In an embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a kit comprising a container and an instruction, wherein the container comprises: the composition of GPC3 antibody-drug conjugates (GPC3 ADCs) as defined in the first aspect, or the pharmaceutical composition as defined in the second aspect.In a fifth aspect, the present disclosure relates to an isolated GPC3 antibody or the antigen-binding portion thereof, comprising: a heavy chain variable region (VH) and a light chain variable region (VL) , wherein:(a) the heavy chain variable region (VH) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3; and (b) the light chain variable region (VL) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6; or (a’) the heavy chain variable region (VH) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 7, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3; and (b’) the light chain variable region (VL) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 8,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6.In an embodiment, the GPC3 antibody comprises:(a) a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%or 99%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 9, and(b) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 10; or(a’) a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 11, and(b’) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 12.In a preferred embodiment, the GPC3 antibody comprises:(a) a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 9, and(b) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 10; or(a’ ) a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 11, and(b’ ) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 12.In an embodiment, the GPC3 antibody comprises:(a) a heavy chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 13, and(b) a light chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 14; or(a’) a heavy chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 15, and(b’) a light chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 16.In a preferred embodiment, the GPC3 antibody comprises:(a) a heavy chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 13, and(b) a light chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 14; or(a’) a heavy chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 15, and(b’) a light chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 16.In an embodiment, the GPC3 antibody is a monoclonal antibody, preferably a chimeric antibody, or more preferably a humanized antibody.In an embodiment, the GPC3 antibody is fused to a constant region of an IgG, optionally a human IgG, preferably a human IgG1 or human IgG4.In an embodiment, the present disclosure relates to an isolated nucleic acid molecule, comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding the heavy chain variable region and / or the light chain variable region of the GPC3 antibody.In an embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a vector comprising the above nucleic acid molecule.In an embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a host cell comprising the above nucleic acid molecule or the above vector.In an embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one GPC3 antibody or antigen-binding portion thereof as defined in the fifth aspect and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.In an embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a method for preparing the GPC3 antibody or antigen-binding portion thereof as defined in the fifth aspect, comprising:- expressing the GPC3 antibody or antigen-binding portion thereof in a host cell comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding the heavy chain variable region and the light chain variable region of the GPC3 antibody; and- isolating the GPC3 antibody or antigen-binding portion thereof from the host cell.In an embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a conjugate, comprising the GPC3 antibody or antigen-binding portion thereof coupled to a moiety, wherein the moiety may be a labeling reagent, a cytotoxic reagent, or a fluorescent agent. In an embodiment, the conjugate may be comprised in a composition of GPC3 antibody-drug conjugates (GPC3 ADCs) .In an embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a method for diagnosing GPC3-expressing diseases in a subject, comprising: contacting a sample from the subject with the GPC3 antibody or antigen-binding portion thereof as defined in the fifth aspect, and detecting the presence and / or amount of GPC3 in the sample.In an embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a method for preventing or treating GPC3-expressing diseases in a subject, comprising: administrating a therapeutically effective amount of the GPC3 antibody or antigen-binding portion thereof as defined in the fifth aspect or the pharmaceutical composition comprising the same to the subject.In an embodiment, the present disclosure relates to use of the GPC3 antibody or antigen-binding portion thereof as defined in the fifth aspect in manufacture of a diagnostic agent for diagnosing GPC3-expressing diseases.In an embodiment, the present disclosure relates to use of the GPC3 antibody or antigen-binding portion thereof as defined in the fifth aspect in manufacture of a medicament for treating GPC3-expressing diseases.In an embodiment, the GPC3-expressing diseases refer to GPC3+ tumors, for example, solid tumors or non-solid tumors, include, but not limited to, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, mammary cancer, prostate cancer, leukemia or lymphoma, preferably liver cancer, more preferably hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) .In an embodiment, the subject is a human, for example, a human at the risk of suffering from a GPC3-expressing disease, or a human suffered from a GPC3-expressing disease.In an embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a kit comprising a container and an instruction, wherein the container comprises the GPC3 antibody or antigen-binding portion thereof as defined in the fifth aspect or the pharmaceutical composition comprising the same.DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGSFigs. 1A and 1B show the SDS-PAGE result of the proteins. M: molecule weight marker; lanes 1 and 3: non-reducing condition; and lanes 2 and 4: reducing condition.Figs. 2A and 2B show SEC-HPLC results of the antigens WT103-hPro1. V1. ECD. AVI. His (Fig. 2A) and WT103-hPro1. V2. ECD. AVI. His (Fig. 2B) .Figs. 3A and 3B show the SDS-PAGE and HPLC results of the lead 2 mAb. In Fig. 3A, M: molecule weight marker; lane 1: non-reducing condition; and lane 2: reducing condition.Fig. 4 shows the positive and stable engineered cell pool expressing human GPC3.Fig. 5 shows the positive and stable engineered cell pool expressing cyno GPC3.Fig. 6 shows the positive and stable engineered cell pool expressing mouse GPC3 (top row) and rat GPC3 (bottom row) .Figs. 7A and 7B show the SDS-PAGE and HPLC results of the lead 1 mAb. In Fig. 7A, M: molecule weight marker; lane 1: non-reducing condition; and lane 2: reducing condition.Fig. 8 shows the SEC-HPLC result of lead 1-MMAE.Fig. 9 shows the HIC-HPLC result of lead 1-MMAE.Figs. 10A and 10B show the SEC-HPLC and HIC-HPLC results of lead 2-MMAE.Fig. 11 shows the HIC-HPLC result of BMK2-c10A1.Fig. 12 shows the SEC-HPLC result of BMK2-c10A1.Fig. 13 shows the conjugation data of BMK2-c10A1.Fig. 14 shows the HIC-HPLC result of isotype-MMAE.Fig. 15 shows the SEC-HPLC result of isotype-MMAE.Fig. 16 shows the conjugation data of isotype-MMAE.Figs. 17A and 17B shows the FACS binding to human GPC3 engineered cell (GPC3+CHO cell) and the parental cell line (CHO cell) .Fig. 18 shows the FACS binding to human GPC3 high expression HepG2.Fig. 19 shows ELISA binding of antibody to human GPC3 proteins.Fig. 20 shows competition FACS data.Fig. 21 shows Cytotoxicity of the tested GPC3 ADCs to GPC3-high HepG2 cells.Figs. 22A and 22B show Cytotoxicity of the tested GPC3 ADCs to GPC3-low HEK-293 and GPC3-negative SK-HEP-1 cells.Figs. 23A, 23B and 23C show Cytotoxicity of the tested GPC3 ADCs to HepG2, HEK-293 and SK-HEP-1 cells.Fig. 24 shows affinity of anti-GPC3 mAbs to GPC3 by SPR analysis.Figs. 25A and 25B show thermal stability which was detected by DSF.Figs. 26A and 26B show the plasma concentration of test articles (i.e., lead 1-MMAE (2 mg / kg) and lead 2-MMAE (2 mg / kg) ) in rats after intravenous (I. V. ) injection.Fig. 27 shows the tumor growth curve for efficacy study 1. Data points represent group mean tumor volume. Error bars represent standard error of the mean (SEM) .Fig. 28 shows the tumor growth curve for efficacy study 2. Data points represent group mean tumor volume. Error bars represent standard error of the mean (SEM) .Fig. 29 shows survival curve of tumor bearing mice.Fig. 30 shows the schematic diagram of ADCs and the structure of MC-VC-PAB-MMAE.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTIONWhile the present disclosure may be embodied in many different forms, disclosed herein are specific illustrative embodiments thereof that exemplify the principles of the disclosure. It should be emphasized that the present disclosure is not limited to the specific embodiments illustrated. Moreover, any section headings used herein are for organizational purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the subject matter described.Generally, nomenclature used in connection with, and techniques of, cell and tissue culture, molecular biology, immunology, microbiology, genetics and protein and nucleic acid chemistry and hybridization described herein are those well-known and commonly used in the art. The methods and techniques of the present disclosure are generally performed according to conventional methods well known in the art and as described in various general and more specific references that are cited and discussed throughout the present specification unless otherwise indicated. See, e.g., Abbas et al., Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 6th ed., W. B. Saunders Company (2010) ; Sambrook J. &Russell D. Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, 3rd ed., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N. Y. (2000) ; Ausubel et al., Short Protocols in Molecular Biology: A Compendium of Methods from Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, Wiley, John &Sons, Inc. (2002) ; Harlow and Lane Using Antibodies: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N. Y. (1998) ; and Coligan et al., Short Protocols in Protein Science, Wiley, John &Sons, Inc. (2003) . The nomenclature used in connection with, and the laboratory procedures and techniques of, analytical chemistry, synthetic organic chemistry, and medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry described herein are those well-known and commonly used in the art. Moreover, any section headings used herein are for organizational purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the subject matter described.DefinitionsIn order to better understand the disclosure, the definitions and explanations of the relevant terms are provided as follows.Unless otherwise defined herein, scientific and technical terms used in connection with the present disclosure shall have the meanings that are commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. Further, unless otherwise required by context, singular terms shall include pluralities and plural terms shall include the singular. More specifically, as used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a, ” “an” and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to “an antibody” includes a plurality of antibodies; reference to “atransition metal ion” includes mixtures of transition metal ions, and the like. In this application, the use of “or” means “and / or” unless stated otherwise.Throughout this disclosure, unless the context requires otherwise, the words “comprise” , “comprises” and “comprising” will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated step or element or group of steps or elements but not the exclusion of any other step or element or group of steps or elements. By “consisting of” is meant including, and limited to, whatever follows the phrase “consisting of” . Thus, the phrase “consisting of” indicates that the listed elements are required or mandatory, and that no other elements may be present. By “consisting essentially of” is meant including any elements listed after the phrase, and limited to other elements that do not interfere with or contribute to the activity or action specified in the disclosure for the listed elements. Thus, the phrase “consisting essentially of” indicates that the listed elements are required or mandatory, but that other elements are optional and may or may not be present depending upon whether or not they affect the activity or action of the listed elements.“Antibody-drug conjugate” or ADC refers to a conjugate formed by covalently coupling a drug to an antibody directly or indirectly via one or more suitable linkers. ADC is generally in a format of antibody-linker-drug conjugate. The Antibody-drug conjugates combine ideal properties of both antibodies and cytotoxic drugs by targeting potent cytotoxic drugs to the antigen-expressing tumor cells, thereby enhancing their anti-tumor activity.In general, one antibody molecule belonging to IgG1 or IgG4 subclass has 4 inter-chain S-S bonds, each of which is formed with two -SH groups. The antibody molecule can be subjected to partial or complete reduction of one or more interchain S-S bonds to form 2n (n is an integer selected from 1, 2, 3 or 4) reactive -SH groups, and thus, the number of drugs coupling to a single antibody molecule via the reactive -SH groups may be 2, 4, 6 or 8 theoretically. In accordance with the number of drug molecules coupling to a single antibody molecule, the different conjugates containing different number of drug molecules are denominated as D0, D2, D4, D6 and D8. If the number of drugs coupling to a single antibody molecule is 0, the product is referred to as D0. Accordingly, D2 refers to the ADC in which two drug molecules are coupled to one single antibody molecule, where two drug molecules may be coupled to -SH groups generated by reduction of S-S bonds between heavy and light chains via linkers, or may be coupled to -SH groups generated by reduction of S-S bonds between heavy and heavy chains via linkers. D4 refers to the ADC in which four drug molecules are coupled to one single antibody molecule, where four drug molecules may be coupled to four -SH groups generated by reduction of two S-S bonds between heavy and light chains via linkers (such ADC is referred to as D4-1) , or four drug molecules may be coupled to four -SH groups generated by reduction of two S-S bonds between heavy and heavy chains via linkers (such ADC is referred to as D4-2) , or two drug molecules may be coupled to two -SH groups generated by reduction of one S-S bond between heavy and light chains via linkers and the other two drug molecules may be coupled to two -SH groups generated by reduction of one S-S bond between heavy and heavy chains vis linkers (such ADC is referred to as D4-3) . D6 refers to the ADC in which six drug molecules are coupled to one single antibody molecule, where four drug molecules may be coupled to four -SH groups generated by reduction of two S-S bonds between heavy and light chains via linkers and two drug molecules may be coupled to two -SH groups generated by reduction of one S-S bonds between heavy and heavy chains via linkers (such ADC is referred to as D6-1) , or four drug molecules may be coupled to four -SH groups generated by reduction of two S-S bonds between heavy and heavy chains via linkers and two drug molecules may be coupled to two -SH groups generated by reduction of one S-S bonds between heavy and light chains via linkers (such ADC is referred to as D6-2) . And D8 refers to the ADC in which eight drug molecules are coupled to one single antibody molecule, i.e., all the four S-S bonds in one antibody molecule are reduced to eight -SH groups and each -SH group attaches one drug molecule.In general, the heterogeneous mixture of ADC molecules generated by conjugation processes is a mixture of D0, D2, D4, D6 and D8. And thus, the “homogeneity” of antibody-drug conjugates is used to describe the property of dominance of one specific type of antibody-drug conjugate (i.e., one type selected from D0, D2, D4, D6 and D8 conjugates) in one given mixture of antibody-drug conjugates.The term “drug” as used herein refers to any cytotoxic molecule which has an antitumor effect and at least one substituted group or a partial structure allowing connection to a linker structure. The drug may kill cancer cells and / or inhibit growth, proliferation, or metastasis of cancer cells, thereby reducing, alleviating, or eliminating one or more symptoms of a disease or disorder.The term “linker” as used herein refers to a reactive molecule which contains at least two reactive groups, one of which can covalently bond a drug molecule and the other of which can covalently couple to an antibody.The term “antibody” as used herein encompasses any immunoglobulin, monoclonal antibody, polyclonal antibody, multispecific antibody, or bispecific (bivalent) antibody that binds to a specific antigen. A native intact antibody comprises two heavy chains and two light chains. Each heavy chain consists of a variable region ( “HCVR” ) and a first, second, and third constant region (CH1, CH2 and CH3) , while each light chain consists of a variable region ( “LCVR” ) and a constant region (CL) . Mammalian heavy chains are classified as α, δ, ε, γ, and μ, and mammalian light chains are classified as λ or κ. The antibody has a “Y” shape, with the stem of the Y consisting of the second and third constant regions of two heavy chains bound together via disulfide bonding. Each arm of the Y includes the variable region and first constant region of a single heavy chain bound to the variable and constant regions of a single light chain. The variable regions of the light and heavy chains are responsible for antigen binding. The variable regions in both chains generally contain three highly variable loops called the complementarity determining regions (CDRs) (light (L) chain CDRs including LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3, heavy (H) chain CDRs including HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3) . CDR boundaries for antibodies may be defined or identified by the conventions of Kabat, Chothia, or Al-Lazikani (Al-Lazikani, B., Chothia, C., Lesk, A.M., J. Mol. Biol., 273 (4) , 927 (1997) ; Chothia, C. et al., J Mol Biol. Dec 5; 186 (3) : 651-63 (1985) ; Chothia, C. and Lesk, A.M., J. Mol. Biol., 196, 901 (1987) ; Chothia, C. et al., Nature. Dec 21-28; 342 (6252) : 877-83 (1989) ; Kabat E.A. et al., National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. (1991) ) . The three CDRs are interposed between flanking stretches known as framework regions (FRs) , which are more highly conserved than the CDRs and form a scaffold to support the hypervariable loops. Each HCVR and LCVR comprises four FRs, and the CDRs and FRs are arranged from amino terminus to carboxy terminus in the order: FR1, CDR1, FR2, CDR2, FR3, CDR3, FR4. The constant regions of the heavy and light chains are not involved in antigen binding, but exhibit various effector functions. Antibodies are assigned to classes based on the amino acid sequence of the constant region of their heavy chain. The five major classes or isotypes of antibodies are IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM, which are characterized by the presence of α, δ, ε, γ, and μ heavy chains, respectively. Several of the major antibody classes are divided into subclasses such as IgG1 (γ1 heavy chain) , IgG2 (γ2 heavy chain) , IgG3 (γ3 heavy chain) , IgG4 (γ4 heavy chain) , IgA1 (α1 heavy chain) , or IgA2 (α2 heavy chain) .The term “antibody fragments” comprise a portion of a full-length antibody, generally the antigen binding or variable region thereof. Examples of antibody fragments include Fab, Fab’ , F(ab’ ) 2, and Fv fragments; diabodies; linear antibodies; minibodies (Olafsen et al. (2004) Protein Eng. Design &Sel. 17 (4) : 315-323) , fragments produced by a Fab expression library, anti-idiotypic (anti-Id) antibodies, CDR (complementary determining region) , and epitope -binding fragments of any described herein which immunospecifically bind to cancer cell antigens, viral antigens or microbial antigens, single-chain antibody molecules; and multispecific antibodies formed from antibody fragments.The terms “aGPC3 antibody” , “an anti-GPC3 antibody” , “an antibody against GPC3” , “an antibody specific to GPC3” or “an antibody specifically binding to GPC3” are used interchangeably, and refer to an antibody specifically binding to epitope (s) on GPC3 protein.The term “specific binding” or “specifically bind (s) ” as used herein refers to a non-random binding reaction between two molecules, for example between an antibody and an antigen.The term “variable domain” with respect to an antibody as used herein refers to an antibody variable region or a fragment thereof comprising one or more CDRs. Although a variable domain may comprise an intact variable region (such as HCVR or LCVR) , it is also possible to comprise less than an intact variable region yet still retain the capability of binding to an antigen or forming an antigen-binding site.The term “monoclonal antibody” as used herein refers to an antibody obtained from a population of substantially homogeneous antibodies, i.e., the individual antibodies comprising the population are identical except for possible naturally occurring mutations that may be present in minor amounts. Monoclonal antibodies are highly specific, being directed against a single antigenic site. Furthermore, in contrast to polyclonal antibody preparations which include different antibodies directed against different determinants (epitopes) , each monoclonal antibody is directed against a single determinant on the antigen. In addition to their specificity, the monoclonal antibodies are advantageous in that they may be synthesized uncontaminated by other antibodies. The modifier “monoclonal” indicates the character of the antibody as being obtained from a substantially homogeneous population of antibodies, and is not to be construed as requiring production of the antibody by any particular method. For example, the monoclonal antibodies to be used in accordance with the present invention may be made by the hybridoma method first described by Kohler et al. (1975) Nature 256: 495, or may be made by recombinant DNA methods (see for example: US 4816567; US 5807715) . The monoclonal antibodies may also be isolated from phage antibody libraries using the techniques described in Clackson et al. (1991) Nature, 352: 624-628; Marks et al. (1991) J. Mol. Biol., 222: 581-597; for example.The monoclonal antibodies herein specifically include “chimeric” antibodies in which a portion of the heavy and / or light chain is identical with or homologous to corresponding sequences in antibodies derived from a particular species or belonging to a particular antibody class or subclass, while the remainder of the chain (s) is identical with or homologous to corresponding sequences in antibodies derived from another species or belonging to another antibody class or subclass, as well as fragments of such antibodies, so long as they exhibit the desired biological activity (US 4816567; and Morrison et al. (1984) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 81:6851-6855) . Chimeric antibodies of interest herein include “primatized” antibodies comprising variable domain antigen-binding sequences derived from a non-human primate (e.g., Old World Monkey, Ape, etc. ) and human constant region sequences.A “humanized” antibody refers to a chimeric antibody comprising amino acid residues from non-human HVRs and amino acid residues from human FRs. In certain embodiments, a humanized antibody will comprise substantially all or at least one, and typically two, variable domains, in which all or substantially all of the HVRs (e.g., CDRs) correspond to those of a non-human antibody, and all or substantially all of the FRs correspond to those of a human antibody. A humanized antibody optionally may comprise at least a portion of an antibody constant region derived from a human antibody. A “humanized form” of an antibody, e.g., a non-human antibody, refers to an antibody that has undergone humanization.An “intact antibody” herein is one comprising a VL and VH domains, as well as a light chain constant domain (CL) and heavy chain constant domains, CH1, CH2 and CH3. The constant domains may be native sequence constant domains (e.g., human native sequence constant domains) or amino acid sequence variant thereof. The intact antibody may have one or more “effector functions” which refer to those biological activities attributable to the Fc constant region (anative sequence Fc region or amino acid sequence variant Fc region) of an antibody. Examples of antibody effector functions include C1q binding; complement dependent cytotoxicity; Fc receptor binding; antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) ; phagocytosis; and down regulation of cell surface receptors such as B cell receptor and BCR.The term “antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity” or “ADCC” , as used herein, refers to a form of cytotoxicity in which secreted Ig bound onto Fc receptors (FcRs) present on certain cytotoxic cells (e.g., Natural Killer (NK) cells, neutrophils, and macrophages) enable these cytotoxic effector cells to bind specifically to an antigen-bearing target cell and subsequently kill the target cell with cytotoxins. The antibodies “arm” the cytotoxic cells and are absolutely required for such killing. The primary cells for mediating ADCC, NK cells, express FcγRIII only, whereas monocytes express FcγRI, FcγRII and FcγRIII. FcR expression on hematopoietic cells is summarized in Table 3 on page 464 of Ravetch and Kinet, Annu. Rev. Immunol 9: 457-92 (1991) . To assess ADCC activity of a molecule of interest, an in vitro ADCC assay, such as that described in US Patent No. 5,500,362 or 5,821,337 may be performed. Useful effector cells for such assays include peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and Natural Killer (NK) cells. Alternatively, or additionally, ADCC activity of the molecule of interest may be assessed in vivo, e.g., in an animal model such as that disclosed in Clynes et al. PNAS (USA) 95: 652-656 (1998) .The term “complement dependent cytotoxicity” or “CDC” refers to the lysis of a target cell in the presence of complement. Activation of the classical complement pathway is initiated by the binding of the first component of the complement system (C1q) to antibodies (of the appropriate subclass) which are bound to their cognate antigen. To assess complement activation, a CDC assay, e.g. as described in Gazzano-Santoro et al., J. Immunol. Methods 202: 163 (1996) , may be performed.The term “pharmaceutically acceptable” indicates that the designated carrier, vehicle, diluent, excipient (s) , and / or salt is generally chemically and / or physically compatible with the other ingredients comprising the formulation, and physiologically compatible with the recipient thereof.A “pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” refers to an ingredient in a pharmaceutical formulation, other than an active ingredient, which is bioactivity acceptable and nontoxic to a subject. Pharmaceutical acceptable carriers for use in the pharmaceutical compositions disclosed herein may include, for example, pharmaceutically acceptable liquid, gel, or solid carriers, aqueous vehicles, nonaqueous vehicles, antimicrobial agents, isotonic agents, buffers, antioxidants, anesthetics, suspending / dispending agents, sequestering or chelating agents, diluents, adjuvants, excipients, or non-toxic auxiliary substances, other components known in the art, or various combinations thereof.The term “cancer” , as used herein, refers to a tumor with malignant cell growth, proliferation or metastasis-mediated, solid tumors and non-solid tumors such as leukemia and initiate a medical condition. A “tumor” comprises one or more cancerous cells. Specifically, the GPC3-expressing diseases refer to GPC3+ tumors, for example, solid tumors or non-solid tumors, include, but not limited to, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, mammary cancer, prostate cancer, leukemia or lymphoma, preferably liver cancer, more preferably hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) .The term “treatment” , “treating” or “treated” , as used herein in the context of treating a condition, pertains generally to treatment and therapy, whether of a human or an animal, in which some desired therapeutic effect is achieved, for example, the inhibition of the progress of the condition, and includes a reduction in the rate of progress, a halt in the rate of progress, regression of the condition, amelioration of the condition, and cure of the condition. Treatment as a prophylactic measure (i.e., prophylaxis, prevention) is also included. For cancer, “treating” may refer to dampen or slow the tumor or malignant cell growth, proliferation, or metastasis, or some combination thereof. For tumors, “treatment” includes removal of all or part of the tumor, inhibiting or slowing tumor growth and metastasis, preventing or delaying the development of a tumor, or some combination thereof.GPC3 antibody drug conjugates (GPC3 ADCs)In a first aspect, the present disclosure relates to a composition of GPC3 antibody-drug conjugates (GPC3 ADCs) , wherein the GPC3 ADCs are represented by formula 1:Ab- (Linker-Payload) n (formula 1)wherein:Ab represents a GPC3 antibody molecule;Linker represents a linker containing at least two reactive groups, one of which is capable of covalently bonding a drug molecule and the other of which is capable of covalently coupling to an antibody;Payload represents a drug molecule; andn is 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8;wherein the Linker and the Payload form a payload bearing reactive group, and optionally, wherein the payload bearing reactive group is, but not limited to, maleimide bearing a drug, an organic bromide bearing a drug, or an organic iodide bearing a drug; andwherein the Payload is a cytotoxic reagent, such as a chemo-therapeutic agent, an immunotherapeutic agent and the like, an antiviral agent or an antimicrobial agent.Those skilled in the art would appreciate:When n is 0, “Ab- (Linker-Payload) 0” may be represented by D0 or DAR0, which means that no drug molecule is conjugated to one single antibody molecule, and actually refers to the antibody molecule per se;When n is 2, “Ab- (Linker-Payload) 2” may be represented by D2 or DAR2, which refers to an ADC molecule in which two drug molecules are conjugated to one single antibody molecule;When n is 4, “Ab- (Linker-Payload) 4” may be represented by D4 or DAR4, which refers to an ADC molecule in which four drug molecules are conjugated to one single antibody molecule; When n is 6, “Ab- (Linker-Payload) 6” may be represented by D6 or DAR6, which refers to an ADC molecule in which six drug molecules are conjugated to one single antibody molecule; andWhen n is 8, “Ab- (Linker-Payload) 8” may be represented by D8 or DAR8, which refers to an ADC molecule in which eight drug molecules are conjugated to one single antibody molecule.In an embodiment, the GPC3 antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region (VH) and a light chain variable region (VL) , wherein:(a) the heavy chain variable region (VH) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 17,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 18, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 19; and (b) the light chain variable region (VL) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 20,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 21, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 22.In another embodiment, the GPC3 antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region (VH) and a light chain variable region (VL) , wherein:(a’ ) the heavy chain variable region (VH) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3; and (b’) the light chain variable region (VL) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6; or (a”) the heavy chain variable region (VH) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 7, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3; and (b”) the light chain variable region (VL) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 8,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6.In a preferred embodiment, the GPC3 antibody comprises:(a) a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 23, and(b) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 24.In a preferred embodiment, the GPC3 antibody comprises:(a’ ) a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%or 99%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 9, and(b’) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 10.In a preferred embodiment, the GPC3 antibody comprises:(a” ) a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 11, and(b” ) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 12.In a more preferred embodiment, the GPC3 antibody comprises:(a) a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 23, and(b) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 24.In a more preferred embodiment, the GPC3 antibody comprises:(a’ ) a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 9, and(b’ ) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 10.In a more preferred embodiment, the GPC3 antibody comprises:(a” ) a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 11, and(b” ) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 12.In a more preferred embodiment, the GPC3 antibody comprises:(a) a heavy chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 25, and(b) a light chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 26.In a more preferred embodiment, the GPC3 antibody comprises:(a’ ) a heavy chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 13, and(b’) a light chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 14.In a more preferred embodiment, the GPC3 antibody comprises:(a” ) a heavy chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 15, and(b”) a light chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 16.In a more preferred embodiment, the GPC3 antibody comprises:(a) a heavy chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 25, and(b) a light chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 26.In a more preferred embodiment, the GPC3 antibody comprises:(a’ ) a heavy chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 13, and(b’) a light chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 14.In a more preferred embodiment, the GPC3 antibody comprises:(a” ) a heavy chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 15, and(b”) a light chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 16.In an embodiment, the composition of GPC3 antibody-drug conjugates (GPC3 ADCs) is prepared with a GPC3 antibody and small molecule drugs (for example, but not limited to anti-tumor drugs) by a method comprising the following steps:(a) incubating a reductant and a GPC3 antibody in the presence of an effective amount of transition metal ions in a buffer system to reduce inter-chain disulfide bonds within the antibody;(b) introducing an excess amount of payload bearing reactive groups to react with reduced thiol groups resulted from step (a) ; and(c) adding an effective amount of oxidant to re-oxidize the unreacted thiol groups, and then recovering the resultant GPC3 ADCs.Transition metal ions may generate selectivity in disulfide reduction. In the presence of transition metal ions, the two interchain S-S bonds in Fab regions may be selectively reduced. And thus, four payload bearing reactive groups (i.e., four drug-linker complexes) are attached to one antibody to form D4. A high content of D4 in the resultant ADCs certainly improve the homogeneity of the ADCs.In some embodiments, the reductant may be TCEP. The concentration of the reductant in the reaction solution may be 0.04 mM to 0.4 mM. The oxidant to be added in step (c) may be DHAA. The concentration of the oxidant in the reaction solution may be 0.08 mM to 0.8 mM.In some embodiments, the transition metal ion which is suitable to be used in the bio-conjugation process of the present disclosure may include, but not limited to, Zn2+, Cd2+, and Hg2+, and the like. Among others, Zn2+ is used due to its easily availability and low cost. For example, suitable transition metal salts may be added in step (a) as long as they are soluble in the reaction solution so that free transition metal ions can be released in the reaction solution. In this regard, ZnCl2, Zn (NO3) 2, ZnSO4, Zn (CH3COO) 2, ZnI2, ZnBr2, Zinc Formate, and zinc tetrafluoroborate may be mentioned as suitable zinc salts. Likewise, other transition metal salts which are soluble and can release free Cd2+ or Hg2+ ions in the reaction solution can be mentioned, which include, but not limited to, CdCl2, Cd (NO3) 2, CdSO4, Cd (CH3COO) 2, CdI2, CdBr2, cadmium formate, and cadmium tetrafluoroborate; HgCl2, Hg (NO3) 2, HgSO4, Hg (CH3COO) 2, HgBr2, Mercury (II) formate, and Mercury (II) tetrafluoroborate; and the like. Those skilled in the art can make a selection from the above transition metal salts as the source of transition metal ions.In an embodiment, Zn2+ is used in step (a) . Zinc salts which are water soluble are available. For example, ZnCl2 may be added in step (a) as the Zn2+ source.The concentration of the transition metal ions in the reaction solution in step (a) is 0.01 mM to 0.2 mM.The transition metal ions will be removed in purification step by using EDTA as chelating reagent, which will be filtered out in subsequent dialysis, ultrafiltration or gel filtration.Depending on the transition metal ions, those skilled in the art can select suitable buffer system for the reaction in step (a) , including, but not limited to, Hepes, Histidine buffer, PBS, MES, and the like. In a specific embodiment, the buffer system used in step (a) is PBS.The optimum pH for the reaction will typically between about 5.5 and about 8, for instance, about 5.5 to 7.5. The optimal reaction conditions will of course depend upon the specific reactants employed.In an embodiment, the buffer is PBS, pH 7.The optimum temperature for the reaction will typically between about -10 and 37 ℃. The reaction occurs, for instance, at a temperature between about 0 and 20 ℃ overnight.Those skilled in the art should understand that the incubation time period and temperature in step (a) depend on specific antibodies to be conjugated. The determination of the incubation time period and temperature based on specific antibodies is within the abilities of ordinary skilled persons in the art. For example, the antibody to be conjugated is typically incubated with the reductant in the presence of transitional metal ions at 4 ℃ overnight.For instance, the GPC3 antibody to be conjugated, the transitional metal ions and the reductant may be present in the reaction mixture in a ratio of 1: 2: 4 in molar concentration. In one embodiment, 0.02 mM antibody is incubated with 0.08 mM TCEP and 0.04 mM ZnCl2 at 4 ℃overnight. It will be understood by a person skilled in the art that a molar concentration may also be converted into “eq, ” and 1 mM can be converted to 0.5 eq in the context of the present disclosure. For instance, “0.04 mM ZnCl2” may be converted into “2 eq ZnCl2” .In an embodiment, the GPC3 antibody is a monoclonal antibody. In another embodiment, the GPC3 antibody is a human antibody, or a chimeric antibody such as a humanized antibody. In a further embodiment, the GPC3 antibody is an antibody fragment, e.g., a Fv, Fab, Fab’ , scFv, diabody, or F (ab’ ) 2 fragment. In another embodiment, the GPC3 antibody is a substantially full-length antibody, e.g., an IgG1 antibody, IgG4 antibody or other antibody class or isotype as defined herein. In a specific embodiment, the GPC3 antibody is an IgG1 antibody.As for the payload bearing reactive group to be conjugated to the selected antibody, it generally has a format of drug-linker. There are no specific limitations to the drug and linker which can be used in the bio-conjugation process of the present disclosure, as long as the drug molecule has an antitumor, antiviral or antimicrobial effect and contains at least one substituted group or a partial structure allowing connection to a linker structure, and the linker contains at least two reactive groups, one of which can covalently bond a drug molecule and the other of which can covalently couple to an antibody.Depending on the desired drug and selected linker, those skilled in the art can select suitable method for coupling them together. For example, some conventional coupling methods, such as amine coupling methods, may be used to form the desired drug-linker complex which still contains reactive groups for conjugating to the antibodies through covalent linkage. A drug-maleimide complex (i.e., maleimide linking drug) is taken as an example of the payload bearing reactive group in the present disclosure.In an embodiment, the drug may include, but not limited to, cytotoxic reagents, such as chemo-therapeutic agents, immunotherapeutic agents and the like, antiviral agents or antimicrobial agents. In an embodiment, the drug to be conjugated with an antibody may be selected from, but not limited to, MMAE (monomethyl auristatin E) , MMAD (monomethyl auristatin D) , MMAF (monomethyl auristatin F) , Dxd, Exatecan, DM1, PE38, and the like.In a specific embodiment, the payload bearing reactive group is MC-VC-PAB-MMAE.In an embodiment, the content of D4 in the composition of GPC3 ADCs is more than 50 wt%, preferably more than 60 wt%, most preferably more than 70 wt%, on the basis of total weight of D0, D2, D4, D6 and D8. In a preferred embodiment, after step (c) , the resultant GPC3 ADCs are further purified to produce a product comprising a high purity of D4.Most common reactive group capable of bonding to thiol group in ADC preparation is maleimide. Additionally, organic bromides, iodides also are frequently used.Drug loading is represented by the number of drug moieties per antibody in a molecule of ADC. For some antibody-drug conjugates, the drug loading may be limited by the number of attachment sites on the antibody. For example, where the attachment is a cysteine thiol, as in certain exemplary embodiments described herein, the drug loading may range from 0 to 8 drug moieties per antibody. In certain embodiments, higher drug loading, e.g., p ≥5, may cause aggregation, insolubility, toxicity, or loss of cellular permeability of certain antibody-drug conjugates. In certain embodiments, the average drug loading for an antibody-drug conjugate ranges from 1 to about 8; from about 2 to about 6; or from about 3 to about 5. Indeed, it has been shown that for certain antibody-drug conjugates, the optimal ratio of drug moieties per antibody may be about 4 (see, e.g., WO2013190292) .It is to be understood that where more than one nucleophilic group reacts with a drug, then the resulting product is a mixture of antibody-drug conjugate compounds with a distribution of one or more drug moieties attached to an antibody. The average number of drugs per antibody may be calculated from the mixture by a dual ELISA antibody assay, which is specific for antibody and specific for the drug. Individual antibody-drug conjugate molecules may be identified in the mixture by mass spectroscopy and separated by HPLC, e.g., hydrophobic interaction chromatography (see, e.g., McDonagh et al. (2006) Prot. Engr. Design &Selection 19 (7) : 299-307; Hamblett et al. (2004) Clin. Cancer Res. 10: 7063-7070; Hamblett, K. J., et al. “Effect of drug loading on the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity of an anti-CD30 antibody-drug conjugate” , Abstract No. 624, American Association for Cancer Research, 2004 Annual Meeting, March 27-31, 2004, Proceedings of the AACR, Volume 45, March 2004; Alley, S. C., et al. “Controlling the location of drug attachment in antibody-drug conjugates” , Abstract No. 627, American Association for Cancer Research, 2004 Annual Meeting, March 27-31, 2004, Proceedings of the AACR, Volume 45, March 2004) . In certain embodiments, a homogeneous antibody-drug conjugate with a single loading value may be isolated from the conjugation mixture by electrophoresis or chromatography.In an embodiment, the resultant antibody-drug conjugates are recovered by any suitable purification method, such as using a de-salting column, size exclusion chromatography, ultrafiltration, dialysis, UF-DF, and the like.Various analytical methods can be used to determine the yields and isomeric mixtures of the antibody-drug conjugates. For example, in one embodiment, hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) is the analytical method used to determine yields and isomeric mixtures from resultant antibody-drug conjugates (e.g., for D4 conjugates) . This technique is able to separate antibodies loaded with various numbers of drugs. The drug loading level can be determined based on the ratio of absorbances, e.g., at 250 nm and 280 nm. For example, if a drug can absorb at 250 nm while the antibody absorbs at 280 nm. The 250 / 280 ratio therefore increases with drug loading. Using the bio-conjugation process described herein, generally antibodies with even numbers of drugs were observed to be conjugated to the antibody since reduction of disulfides yields even numbers of free cysteine thiols.A Pharmaceutical CompositionIn a second aspect, the present disclosure relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising the composition of GPC3 antibody-drug conjugates (GPC3 ADCs) as described in the first aspect and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.The compositions of the present invention can be in any form that allows for the composition to be administered to a subject. For example, the composition can be in the form of a solid, liquid or gas (aerosol) . Typical routes of administration include, without limitation, oral, topical, or parenteral. Parenteral administration includes subcutaneous injections, intravenous, intramuscular, intrasternal injection or infusion techniques. For example, the compositions are administered parenterally. Pharmaceutical compositions of the invention can be formulated so as to allow ADCs of the invention to be bioavailable upon administration of the composition to an animal. Compositions can take the form of one or more dosage units, where for example, a tablet can be a single dosage unit, and a container of ADCs of the invention in aerosol form can hold a plurality of dosage units.Materials used in preparing the pharmaceutical compositions can be non-toxic in the amounts used. It will be evident to those of ordinary skill in the art that the optimal dosage of the active ingredient (s) in the pharmaceutical composition will depend on a variety of factors. Relevant factors include, without limitation, the type of subject (e.g., human) , the particular form of the ADCs of the Invention, the manner of administration, and the composition employed.Suitable components may include, for example, antioxidants, fillers, binders, disintegrants, buffers, preservatives, lubricants, flavorings, thickeners, coloring agents, emulsifiers or stabilizers such as sugars and cyclodextrins. Suitable antioxidants may include, for example, methionine, ascorbic acid, EDTA, sodium thiosulfate, platinum, catalase, citric acid, cysteine, thioglycerol, thioglycolic acid, thiosorbitol, butylated hydroxanisol, butylated hydroxytoluene, and / or propyl gallate. As disclosed herein, inclusion of one or more antioxidants such as methionine in a pharmaceutical composition provided herein decreases oxidation of the polypeptide complex or the bispecific polypeptide complex. This reduction in oxidation prevents or reduces loss of binding affinity, thereby improving protein stability and maximizing shelf-life. Therefore, in certain embodiments, compositions are provided that comprise the polypeptide complex or the bispecific polypeptide complex disclosed herein and one or more antioxidants such as methionine.To further illustrate, pharmaceutical acceptable carriers may include, for example, aqueous vehicles such as sodium chloride injection, Ringer’s injection, isotonic dextrose injection, sterile water injection, or dextrose and lactated Ringer’s injection, non-aqueous vehicles such as fixed oils of vegetable origin, cottonseed oil, corn oil, sesame oil, or peanut oil, antimicrobial agents at bacteriostatic or fungistatic concentrations, isotonic agents such as sodium chloride or dextrose, buffers such as phosphate or citrate buffers, antioxidants such as sodium bisulfate, local anesthetics such as procaine hydrochloride, suspending and dispersing agents such as sodium carboxymethylcelluose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, or polyvinylpyrrolidone, emulsifying agents such as Polysorbate 80 sequestering or chelating agents such as EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) or EGTA (ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid) , ethyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, citric acid, or lactic acid. Antimicrobial agents utilized as carriers may be added to pharmaceutical compositions in multiple-dose containers that include phenols or cresols, mercurials, benzyl alcohol, chlorobutanol, methyl and propyl p-hydroxybenzoic acid esters, thimerosal, benzalkonium chloride and benzethonium chloride. Suitable excipients may include, for example, water, saline, dextrose, glycerol, or ethanol. Suitable non-toxic auxiliary substances may include, for example, wetting or emulsifying agents, pH buffering agents, stabilizers, solubility enhancers, or agents such as sodium acetate, sorbitan monolaurate, triethanolamine oleate, or cyclodextrin.The pharmaceutical compositions can be a liquid solution, suspension, emulsion, pill, capsule, tablet, sustained release formulation, or powder. Oral formulations can include standard carriers such as pharmaceutical grades of mannitol, lactose, starch, magnesium stearate, polyvinyl pyrollidone, sodium saccharine, cellulose, magnesium carbonate, etc.In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical compositions are formulated into an injectable composition. The injectable pharmaceutical compositions may be prepared in any conventional form, such as for example liquid solution, suspension, emulsion, or solid forms suitable for generating liquid solution, suspension, or emulsion. Preparations for injection may include sterile and / or non-pyretic solutions ready for injection, sterile dry soluble products, such as lyophilized powders, ready to be combined with a solvent just prior to use, including hypodermic tablets, sterile suspensions ready for injection, sterile dry insoluble products ready to be combined with a vehicle just prior to use, and sterile and / or non-pyretic emulsions. The solutions may be either aqueous or non-aqueous.In certain embodiments, unit-dose parenteral preparations are packaged in an ampoule, a vial or a syringe with a needle. All preparations for parenteral administration should be sterile and not pyretic, as is known and practiced in the art.In certain embodiments, a sterile, lyophilized powder is prepared by dissolving the ADCs as disclosed herein in a suitable solvent. The solvent may contain an excipient which improves the stability or other pharmacological components of the powder or reconstituted solution, prepared from the powder. Excipients that may be used include, but are not limited to, water, dextrose, sorbital, fructose, corn syrup, xylitol, glycerin, glucose, sucrose or other suitable agents. The solvent may contain a buffer, such as citrate, sodium or potassium phosphate or other such buffer known to those of skill in the art at, in one embodiment, about neutral pH. Subsequent sterile filtration of the solution followed by lyophilization under standard conditions known to those of skill in the art provides a desirable formulation. In one embodiment, the resulting solution will be apportioned into vials for lyophilization. Each vial can contain a single dosage or multiple dosages of the ADCs provided herein or composition thereof. Overfilling vials with a small amount above that needed for a dose or set of doses (e.g., about 10%) is acceptable so as to facilitate accurate sample withdrawal and accurate dosing. The lyophilized powder can be stored under appropriate conditions, such as at about 4 ℃ to room temperature.Reconstitution of a lyophilized powder with water for injection provides a formulation for use in parenteral administration. In one embodiment, for reconstitution the sterile and / or non-pyretic water or other liquid suitable carrier is added to lyophilized powder. The precise amount depends upon the selected therapy being given, and can be empirically determined.Additionally, the antibody-drug conjugates or the pharmaceutical composition may be manufactured into a kit, including an insert which indicates the information for the application, such as the indications, the amount in use, the route to be administrated, and the like.Use of the GPC3 Antibody-Drug ConjugatesIn a third aspect, the present disclosure relates to a method for treating GPC3-expressing diseases in a subject, comprising administrating to the subject the composition of GPC3 antibody-drug conjugates (GPC3 ADCs) as described in the first aspect or the pharmaceutical composition as describe in the second aspect.In a fourth aspect, the present disclosure relates to use of the composition of GPC3 antibody-drug conjugates (GPC3 ADCs) as described in the first aspect in manufacture of a pharmaceutical composition or a medicament for treating GPC3-expressing diseases in a subject.In an embodiment, the GPC3-expressing diseases include, but not limited to, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, mammary cancer, prostate cancer, leukemia or lymphoma, preferably liver cancer, more preferably hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) .In an embodiment, the subject is a human suffering from GPC3-expressing diseases.In an embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition or medicament comprises a therapeutically effective amount of GPC3 ADCs.The therapeutically effective amount of the ADCs provided herein will depend on various factors known in the art, such as for example body weight, age, past medical history, present medications, state of health of the subject and potential for cross-reaction, allergies, sensitivities and adverse side-effects, as well as the administration route and extent of disease development. Dosages may be proportionally reduced or increased by one of ordinary skill in the art (e.g., physician or veterinarian) as indicated by these and other circumstances or requirements.In certain embodiments, the ADCs or pharmaceutical composition provided herein may be administered at a therapeutically effective dosage of about 0.01 mg / kg to about 100 mg / kg (e.g., about 0.01 mg / kg, about 0.5 mg / kg, about 1 mg / kg, about 2 mg / kg, about 5 mg / kg, about 10 mg / kg, about 15 mg / kg, about 20 mg / kg, about 25 mg / kg, about 30 mg / kg, about 35 mg / kg, about 40 mg / kg, about 45 mg / kg, about 50 mg / kg, about 55 mg / kg, about 60 mg / kg, about 65 mg / kg, about 70 mg / kg, about 75 mg / kg, about 80 mg / kg, about 85 mg / kg, about 90 mg / kg, about 95 mg / kg, or about 100 mg / kg) . In certain of these embodiments, the ADCs or pharmaceutical composition provided herein are administered at a dosage of about 50 mg / kg or less, and in certain of these embodiments the dosage is 10 mg / kg or less, 5 mg / kg or less, 1 mg / kg or less, 0.5 mg / kg or less, or 0.1 mg / kg or less. In certain embodiments, the administration dosage may change over the course of treatment. For example, in certain embodiments the initial administration dosage may be higher than subsequent administration dosages. In certain embodiments, the administration dosage may vary over the course of treatment depending on the reaction of the subject.Dosage regimens may be adjusted to provide the optimum desired response (e.g., a therapeutic response) . For example, a single dose may be administered, or several divided doses may be administered over time.The ADCs or pharmaceutical composition provided herein may be administered by any route known in the art, such as for example parenteral (e.g., subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, intravenous, including intravenous infusion, intramuscular, or intradermal injection) or non-parenteral (e.g., oral, or topical) routes.In an embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition or medicament may be used in combination with another therapeutic agent, for example, agents for chemotherapy, radiotherapy or immunotherapy.In some embodiments, the therapeutic agent is an anti-cancer agent. Suitable anticancer agents include, but are not limited to, methotrexate, taxol, L-asparaginase, mercaptopurine, thioguanine, hydroxyurea, cytarabine, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, nitrosoureas, cisplatin, carboplatin, mitomycin, dacarbazine, procarbizine, topotecan, nitrogen mustards, cytoxan, etoposide, 5-fluorouracil, BCNU, irinotecan, camptothecins, bleomycin, doxorubicin, idarubicin, daunorubicin, dactinomycin, plicamycin, mitoxantrone, asparaginase, vinblastine, vincristine, vinorelbine, paclitaxel, and docetaxel.In some embodiments, the therapeutic agent is an anti-autoimmune disease agent. Suitable anti-autoimmune disease agents include, but are not limited to, cyclosporine, cyclosporine A, mycophenylate mofetil, Sirolimus, tacrolimus, etanercept, prednisone, azathioprine, methotrexate cyclophosphamide, prednisone, aminocaproic acid, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, hydrocortisone, dexamethasone, chlorambucil, DHEA, danazol, bromocriptine, meloxicam, and infliximab.In some embodiments, the therapeutic agent is anti-infectious disease agent. In one embodiment, the anti-infectious disease agent is, but not limited to, antibacterial agents: [beta] -Lactam Antibiotics: Penicillin G, Penicillin V, Cloxacilliin, Dicloxacillin, Methicillin, Nafcillin, Oxacillin, Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Bacampicillin, Azlocillin, Carbenicillin, Mezlocillin, Piperacillin, Ticarcillin; Aminoglycosides: Amikacin, Gentamicin, Kanamycin, Neomycin, Netilmicin, Streptomycin, Tobramycin; Macrolides: Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, Erythromycin, Lincomycin, Clindamycin; Tetracyclines: Demeclocycline, Doxycycline, Minocycline, Oxytetracyclinem, Tetracycline; Quinolones: Cinoxacin, Nalidixic Acid; Fluoroquinolones: Ciprofloxacin, Enoxacin, Grepafloxacin, Levofloxacin, Lomefloxacin, Norfloxacin, Ofloxacin, Sparfloxacin, Trovafloxicin; Polypeptides: Bacitracin, Colistin, Polymyxin B; Sulfonamides: Sulfisoxazole, Sulfamethoxazole, Sulfadiazine, Sulfamethizole, Sulfacetamide; Miscellaneous Antibacterial Agents: Trimethoprim, Sulfamethazole, Chloramphenicol, Vancomycin, Metronidazole, Quinupristin, Dalfopristin, Rifampin, Spectinomycin, Nitrofurantoin; Antiviral Agents: General Antiviral Agents: Idoxuradine, Vidarabine, Trifluridine, Acyclovir, Famcicyclovir, Pencicyclovir, Valacyclovir, Gancicyclovir, Foscarnet, Ribavirin, Amantadine, Rimantadine, Cidofovir, Antisense Oligonucleotides, Immunoglobulins, Inteferons; Drugs for HIV infection: Zidovudine, Didanosine, Zalcitabine, Stavudine, Lamivudine, Nevirapine, Delavirdine, Saquinavir, Ritonavir, Indinavir, Nelfinavir.In an embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a kit comprising a container and an instruction, wherein the container comprises: the composition of GPC3 antibody-drug conjugates (GPC3 ADCs) as defined in the first aspect, or the pharmaceutical composition as defined in the second aspect.GPC3 AntibodiesIn another aspect, the present disclosure relates to an isolated GPC3 antibody or the antigen-binding portion thereof, comprising: a heavy chain variable region (VH) and a light chain variable region (VL) , wherein:(a) the heavy chain variable region (VH) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3; and (b) the light chain variable region (VL) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6; or (a’) the heavy chain variable region (VH) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 7, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3; and (b’) the light chain variable region (VL) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 8,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6.In an embodiment, the GPC3 antibody comprises:(a) a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%or 99%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 9, and(b) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 10; or(a’) a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 11, and(b’) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 12.In a preferred embodiment, the GPC3 antibody comprises:(a) a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 9, and(b) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 10; or(a’ ) a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 11, and(b’ ) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 12.n an embodiment, the GPC3 antibody comprises:(a) a heavy chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 13, and(b) a light chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 14; or(a’) a heavy chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 15, and(b’) a light chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 16.In a preferred embodiment, the GPC3 antibody comprises:(a) a heavy chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 13, and(b) a light chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 14; or(a’) a heavy chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 15, and(b’) a light chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 16.In an embodiment, the GPC3 antibody is a monoclonal antibody, preferably a chimeric antibody, or more preferably a humanized antibody.In an embodiment, the GPC3 antibody is fused to a constant region of an IgG, optionally a human IgG, preferably a human IgG1 or human IgG4.In an embodiment, the present disclosure relates to an isolated nucleic acid molecule, comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding the heavy chain variable region and / or the light chain variable region of the GPC3 antibody.In an embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a vector comprising the above nucleic acid molecule.In an embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a host cell comprising the above nucleic acid molecule or the above vector.In an embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one GPC3 antibody or antigen-binding portion thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.In an embodiment, the GPC3 antibody can be prepared into a composition of GPC3 antibody-drug conjugates (GPC3 ADCs) .In an embodiment, the GPC3 antibody or antigen-binding portion thereof can be used for diagnosing GPC3-expressing diseases in a subject, or can be used for preventing or treating GPC3-expressing diseases in a subject.In an embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a method for diagnosing GPC3-expressing diseases in a subject, comprising: contacting a sample from the subject with the GPC3 antibody or antigen-binding portion thereof as defined in the fifth aspect, and detecting the presence and / or amount of GPC3 in the sample.In an embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a method for preventing or treating GPC3-expressing diseases in a subject, comprising: administrating a therapeutically effective amount of the GPC3 antibody or antigen-binding portion thereof as defined in the fifth aspect or the pharmaceutical composition comprising the same to the subject.In an embodiment, the subject is a human, for example, a human at the risk of suffering from a GPC3-expressing disease, or a human suffered from a GPC3-expressing disease.In an embodiment, the GPC3-expressing diseases refer to GPC3+ tumors, for example, solid tumors or non-solid tumors, include, but not limited to, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, mammary cancer, prostate cancer, leukemia or lymphoma, preferably liver cancer, more preferably hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) .In an embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a kit comprising a container and an instruction, wherein the container comprises the GPC3 antibody or antigen-binding portion thereof as defined in the fifth aspect or the pharmaceutical composition comprising the same.The following examples are provided to better illustrate the claimed invention and are not to be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention. All specific compositions, materials, and methods described below, in whole or in part, fall within the scope of the present invention. These specific compositions, materials, and methods are not intended to limit the invention, but merely to illustrate specific embodiments falling within the scope of the invention. One skilled in the art may develop equivalent compositions, materials, and methods without the exercise of inventive capacity and without departing from the scope of the invention. It will be understood that many variations can be made in the procedures herein described while still remaining within the bounds of the present invention. It is the intention of the inventors that such variations are included within the scope of the invention.EXAMPLESNow the present disclosure will be illustrated in detail with reference to the following examples. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the following examples are only provided for illustration, but not intended to limit the present disclosure in any way.Table 1. Material codeTable 2. Sample informationTable 3. Source information of reagents and cell lineTable 4. Key instruments and equipmentExample 1. Antigen and Antibodies Generation1.1 Construction of expression vector of soluble antigensThe condon-optimized DNA sequences encoding the HSPG free extracellular domain sequence of human GPC3 (aa. 1-563; S495A, S509A, Uniport No. : P51654) were synthesized in Sangon Biothech (Shanghai, China) , and then subcloned into a mammalian expression vector, i.e., a modified pcDNA3.3 expression vector with Avi-his tag at C-terminal for purification, and biotin labeling. GPC3 truncations (aa. 1-512; Uniport No. : P51654) was synthesized by PCR using a full-length GPC3 template, cloned into a modified pcDNA3.3 expression vector with Avi-his tag at C-terminal.1.2 Construction of expression vector of related antibodiesThe amino acid sequences encoding the variable domain of the anti-GPC3 antibody lead 2 (hGC33, see WO2006006693) was synthesized in Sangon Biothech (Shanghai, China) , and then subcloned into the modified pcDNA3.3 expression vector with constant region of human IgG1.The amino acid sequences encoding the anti-GPC3 antibody BMK2 (GPC3-6, see CN110577600B) was synthesized in Sangon Biothech (Shanghai, China) , and then subcloned into the modified pcDNA3.3 expression vector.1.3 Hybridoma sequencing and the construction of in-house discovered antibodiesThe anti-GPC3 antibody was discovered after immunizing OMT rat (purchased from Ligand) with human GPC3. The total RNA of the hybridoma cell sample was first extracted, following the instruction of the TaKaRa MiniBEST Universal RNA Extraction Kit. The SMART RACE cDNA Amplication Kit from Clonetech was then used to convert RNA to cDNA. The VH and VL domain DNA sequences were then amplified from the cDNA with 30 cycles of PCR, each cycle with denaturation at 94 ℃ for 30 s, anneal at 60 ℃ for 30 s, then elongation at 72 ℃ for 30 s. The PCR product was then sub-cloned to a TA-cloning vector, then sent for GENEWIZ (Su Zhou, CHINA) for sequencing. Once sequencing data confirmed monoclonality of the hybridoma cell sample, the amino acid sequences of the VH and VL domains were codon optimized for mammalian expression, and then synthesized by GENEWIZ (Su Zhou, CHINA) . The DNA segments were then sub-cloned into pcDNA3.4 expression vectors with constant region of human IgG1.1.4 Expression of protein (Expi293)The plasmids containing VH and VL gene were co-transfected into Expi293 cells. The cells were cultured for 5 days following the protocol recommended by the manufacturer. The supernatants were collected and analyzed by SDS-PAGE.1.5 Purification of His-tagged proteinThe supernatant of Expi293 cells expressing target proteins was collected and filtered for purification using Ni-column. The concentration of purified His-tagged proteins was determined by absorbance at 280 nm. The size and purity were tested by SDS-PAGE and SEC-HPLC, respectively; and then stored at -80 ℃.1.6 Purification of Fc-tagged proteinThe supernatant of Expi293 cells expressing target proteins was collected and filtered for purification using Protein A column. The concentration of purified Fc-tagged proteins was determined by absorbance at 280 nm. The size and purity were tested by SDS-PAGE and SEC-HPLC, respectively; and then stored at -80 ℃.1.7 Biotinylation of antibodies in vitroThe antibodies were biotinylated for competition FACS.For NHS-PEO4-Biotinylation, 1-10 mg / mL antibodies (IgG) were incubated with 20-fold molar excess of NHS-PEO4-Biotin reagent at 25 ℃ for 75 minutes in metal bath or on ice for 2 hours. Excess biotin was then removed using a desalting spin column, and the purified protein sample was collected from the flow-through solution. The level of biotin incorporation in the protein was determined by HABA assay: diluting the biotinylated sample 10-fold with HABA / Avidin solution and measuring the absorbance of the mixed solution at A500. The moles of biotin per mole of protein were calculated based on the A500 value. This procedure should yield 4-6 biotin groups per antibody molecule.1.8 Purity by SEC-HPLCThe purity of antibodies was tested by SEC-HPLC using Agilent 1260 Infinity HPLC. 50 μL of antibody solution was injected on a TSKgel SuperSW3000 column using 50 mM sodium phosphate, 0.15 M NaCl, pH 7.0 buffer. The running time was 20 minutes. Peak retention times on the column were monitored at 280 nm. Data was analyzed using Chem Station software (V2.99.2.0) .1.9 Thermal stability by DSFTm of each antibody was investigated using 7 Flex Real-Time PCR system (Applied Biosystems) . 19 μL of antibody solution was mixed with 1 μL of 80 x Orange Protein Gel Stain and transferred to the 96 well plate. The plate was sealed with the Optical Adhesive Film and centrifuged at 3, 000 rpm for 5 minutes to remove any air bubbles. The plate was heated from 26 ℃ to 95 ℃ at a rate of 0.9 ℃ / minute, and the resultant fluorescence data was collected. The negative derivatives of the fluorescence changes with respect to different temperatures were calculated, and the maximal value was defined as melting temperature Tm. If a protein has multiple unfolding transitions, the first two Tm were reported, named as Tm1 and Tm2, respectively. Data collection and Tm calculation were conducted automatically by the Real Time PCR software (v1.3) .1.10 Antibody conjugation with MMAE using the WuXiDAR4 technologyAs published previously in WO2020164561A1 (referred to as “WuXiDAR4 technology” ) , lead mAbs were conjugated to MMAE payload using WuXiDAR4 technology. Briefly, a solution of one antibody (5 mg / mL) was added with ZnCl2 (2.5 eq. or 2.0 eq. for lead 1 and lead 2, respectively) and TCEP (5.70 eq. or 3.70 eq. for lead 1 and lead 2 respectively) , in a reaction mixture, and allowed to stay at 4 ℃ overnight. MC-VC-PAB-MMAE (9.0 or 7.0 eq. for lead 1 or lead 2, respectively) in DMA was introduced and the reaction was continued at 4 ℃ for 2 hours. N-acetyl cysteine (NAC, 5 eq. ) was added to deplete excessive MC-VC-PAB-MMAE; EDTA (4.0 eq. ) was added to trap Zn2+ and DHAA (8.0 eq. ) was added to oxidize the excessive thiol groups by incubation at 22 ℃ for 2 hours; the reaction mixture was subjected to purification using a de-salting column.The drug / antibody ratio (DAR) and product distribution were analyzed using HIC-HPLC; aggregation and purity was determined by SEC-HPLC.For BMK2, it was conjugated according to the method as described in the patent CN110577600B.Example 2. Generation of Cell Pool / Line2.1 Generate target-expressing cell poolThe full-length gene of human GPC3 (UniProt: P51654) , mouse GPC3 (UniProt: Q8CFZ4) , rat GPC3 (UniProt: P13265) and cynomolgus monkey GPC3 (UniProt: A0A2K5VKD5) were cloned into expression vectors for development of cell pool, respectively. Briefly, Flpin-CHO cells were transfected with pOG44 and pcDNA / FRT expression vector containing full-length GPC3 of human, mouse, rat or cynomolgus monkey using Lipofectamine 2000 transfection kit according to manufacturer’s protocol, respectively. The transfected cells were cultured in Ham's F-12 Nutrient Mix medium supplemented with 10 %fetal bovine serum in a humidified atmosphere containing 5 %CO2 at 37 ℃. 24 hours after transfection, Hygromycin B at a final concentration of 300-600 μg / mL was used to select the stable pool.Example 3. In vitro Characterization3.1 Protein analysis via SDS-PAGEThe Nu PAGE Bis-Tris Mini Gels 4-12 %, Nu PAGE MES SDS Running Buffer (20 x) , and the Simply Blue Safe Stain were used. The protein samples were mixed with the loading buffer, and heated at 75 ℃ for 10 minutes. Then the samples were loaded, the PAGE was run at a constant voltage (200 V) for 35 minutes. The gel was rinsed with water for 10 minutes. The rinse was repeated for 3 times. The gel was stained with the staining buffer for 1 hour. Then the stained gel was destained with water for 1 hour. The destaining step was repeated for 3 times.3.2 Size exclusion chromatography (SEC-HPLC)A SEC-HPLC assay was performed using Agilent 1260 Infinity HPLC. Briefly, 50 μL of antibody solution was injected on a TSKgel SuperSW3000 column using 50 mM sodium phosphate, 0.15 M NaCl, pH 7.0 as running buffer. The run time was 20 minutes. Peak retention times on the column were monitored at 280 nm. Data was analyzed using ChemStation software (V2.99.2.0) .Detection the level of endotoxin by Portable Endotoxin Testing System (PTS)Preparation of sample solution: calculating the sample dilution multiple (MVD) according to formula I, diluting the sample with water for BET (Bacterial Endotoxins Test) by 1 / 2 MVD, wherein the final solution should be not less than 300 μL.MVD=c L / λ (formula I)Wherein:c: The concentration of sample;L: The limited Endotoxin level of sample (<2 EU / mg) ; andλ: The sensitivity of TAL reagent (Tachypleus Amebocyte Lysate) .nexgen-PTSTM (Vendor: Charles Rive Cat#PTS150) was used for detecting the level of endotoxin. 25 μL dilution of the sample was added to each hole. After pressing “Enter to Continue” , the concentration of endotoxin in the sample, the variation coefficient between the parallel holes and the recovery of endotoxin were shown on the screen of the equipment.3.3 Binding of antibody to human GPC3 proteins on cell surface as measured by FACSFACS can quantitatively analyze and identify specific molecules expressed on the surface of living cells. Unlabeled cells were used as a control to set the threshold before detection and then the percentage change of each group that exceeded the fluorescence intensity threshold was analyzed. Binding of anti-GPC3 antibodies to GPC3 expressing cells was determined by flow cytometry. WT103-FlpinCHO-hPro1. FL cells (1 x 105 cells / well) expressing human full-length GPC3 were harvested by using Versene (1 x) or 0.25 %Trypsin-EDTA (1 x) . Then the cells were incubated with serial diluted antibodies (starting at 200 nM, 3-fold dilution to 3.39 pM) in a volume of 100 μL for 1 hour at 4 ℃. Human IgG1 isotype control antibody W332-1.80.12. xAb. hIgG1 was used as negative control. After washing the cells with 1 x PBS / 1 %BSA, Alexa Fluor647-conjugated AffiniPure Goat Anti-Human IgG or goat anti-rat IgG (1: 500 dilution in 1 x PBS / 1 %BSA) was added and incubated for 30 minutes at 4 ℃ in the dark. After washing the cells with 1 x PBS / 1 %BSA, the cells were re-suspended in 1 x PBS / 1 %BSA. The mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of the cells was measured by a flow cytometer and analyzed by FlowJo.3.4 Binding of antibody to human GPC3 and GPC3 C-terminal truncated proteins as measured by ELISAELISA plates were coated with human GPC3 protein or human GPC3 C-terminal truncated protein (2 μg / mL, 100 μL / well) in coating buffer (the coating buffer was prepared by Dry-blend Buffered Packs, purchased from Thermo, Cat#28382) and incubated at 4 ℃ overnight. The next day, the coating antigen buffer was removed and the ELISA plates were washed once with washing buffer 1 x PBST (300 μL / wash) . The ELISA plates were blocked with blocking buffer (2 %BSA) , 200 μL / well, and incubated at room temperature for 1 hour. Then, the ELISA plates were washed 3 times with washing buffer 1 x PBST, 300 μL / well. The serial diluted antibodies in 2 %BSA (Ab 1, 100 μL / well, starting at 10 nM, 3-fold dilution to 0.169 pM) were added and incubated at room temperature for 2 hours. Human IgG1 isotype control antibody W332-1.80.12. xAb. hIgG1 was used as negative control. Subsequently, the ELISA plates were washed 3 times with washing buffer 1 x PBST, 300 μL / wash. The goat anti human / rat IgG Fc-HRP (1: 5000, Ab 2) in 2 %BSA was added, 100 μL / well and incubated at room temperature for 1 hour. After washing the ELISA plates for 3 times with washing buffer 1 x PBST, 300 μL / well, TMB substrate was added with 100 μL / well, and the ELISA plates were incubated at room temperature for 10 minutes in the dark. The stop solution (2 M HCl) was added with 100 μL / well to stop further color developing. Finally, the ELISA plates were detected by microplate reader M5e at 450 nm and 540 nm.3.5 Competition FACSFACS was used to determine whether lead 1 can block the binding interaction between lead 2 and human GPC3 engineered cell line (WT103-FlpinCHO. hPro1. FL cells) . The human GPC3-expressing engineered cell line was used to evaluate competition between lead 1 and lead 2. Ten thousand cells re-suspended in staining buffer were distributed into round bottom 96 well-microplates. The testing Abs were serial diluted with fixed dose of biotin labeled Abs (EC80 of the Biotin-Abs) , then added to the cells. Cells were incubated with the testing Abs for 1 hour at 4 ℃then washed 3 times as described above. PE-conjugated Streptavidin secondary antibodies diluted in staining buffer were added to the cells and plates are incubated for 0.5 hour at 4 ℃. Cells were then washed twice as described above. After the final wash, cells were re-suspended in 100 μL 1 %BSA / 1 x PBS, and fluorescence values were measured with a FACS Canto II cytometer (BD Biosciences) . The amount of cell surface bound anti-GPC3 antibody was assessed by MFI. The FACS raw data were analyzed by FlowJo software, wells with Biotin-Abs only were used as the control of the assay, wells containing no antibody or secondary antibody only were used to establish background fluorescence. Binding EC50 values were obtained by the four-parameter non-linear regression analysis using GraphPad Prism software.3.6 Cytotoxicity assayADC mediated cytotoxicity effect to human GPC3 expressing cells, HepG2 (GPC3 high expression) and HEK293 cells (GPC3 low expression) , and human GPC3 non-expressing cells, SK-HEP-1, was determined by cell viability measurement. On Day 0, the cells were harvested by using 0.25 %Trypsin-EDTA (1x) and then seeded into 96-well clear bottom black plates in a volume of 50 μL / well. The plates were kept in a cell incubator set to 37 ℃, 5 %CO2 overnight. On Day 1, after incubation, various concentrations of ADCs, parental mAbs (3-fold serially diluted from 10 nM to 4.6 pM) , MMAE, vc-MMAE (3-fold serially diluted from 10 nM to 4.6 pM) were added into the plates at 50 μL / well. The plates were then placed in a cell incubator set to 37 ℃, 5 %CO2. On Day 6, Cell Titer-Glo (50 μL / well) was added into each well and mixed well. Luciferase intensity was read using Envision. The cytotoxicity effect was calculated using the formula: Cytotoxicity %= 100* (RFU cell only-RFU sample) / RFU cell only. The IC50 values were calculated by four-parameter non-linear regression analysis using GraphPad Prism software. For assay development, each of the samples was tested in a single well, while for cytotoxicity confirmation assay, all samples were tested in duplicate.3.7 Affinity to GPC3 (SPR)The activator was prepared by mixing 400 mM EDC and 100 mM NHS (GE) immediately prior to injection. The CM5 sensor chip was activated for 420 s with the mixture at a flow rate of 10 μL / minutes. 30 μg / mL of anti-human Fc IgG in 10 mM NaAc was then injected to the chip for 420 s at a flow rate of 10 μL / minutes. The chip was deactivated by 1 M ethanolamine-HCl at a flow rate of 10 μL / minutes for 420 s. The analysis temperature is 25 ℃. The department temperature was 12 ℃. Ligand in running buffer 1 x HBS-EP+ (0.01 M HEPES, 0.15 M NaCl, 3 mM EDTA, 0.05%surfactant P20, pH 7.4) was captured onto chip via anti-human Fc IgG at a flow rate of 10 μL / minute. The analytes at the series of concentrations and the running buffer were injected orderly to the chip at a flow rate of 30 μL / minutes for an association phase and a dissociation phase.Example 4. In vivo characterization4.1 PK studyFemale SD rats from Vital River (8 to 10-week-old) were used for the PK study. The quarantine period was 7 days (prior to pre-dose period) . The pre-dose period was 2 days prior to the initiation of dosing. I. V. is the intended clinical route of administration. SD rats were randomly divided into 2 groups with 4 rats in each group based on body weight. At Day 0, the rats of group 1 were injected intravenously with lead 1-MMAE (2 mg / kg) and the rats of group 2 were injected intravenously with lead 2-MMAE (2 mg / kg) . All the procedures related to animal handling, care and the treatment in the study were performed according to the guidelines approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of LARC of WuXi Biologics following the guidance of the Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care (AAALAC) . At the time of routine monitoring, the animals were daily checked for any effects of tumor growth and treatments on normal behavior such as mobility, food and water consumption (observation only) , body weight gain / loss (body weights were measured twice weekly) , eye / hair matting and any other abnormal effect as stated in the protocol. Death and observed clinical signs were recorded on the basis of the numbers of animals within each subset.The systemic exposure to the test articles (i.e., lead 1-MMAE (2 mg / kg) and lead 2-MMAE (2 mg / kg) ) was assessed in Rats. Blood samples were collected at pre-dose (Day -4) and 0.5 h, 2 h, Day 1 (24 h) , Day 3 (72 h) , Day 5 (120 h) , Day 7 (168 h) , Day 10 (240 h) , Day 14 (336 h) , Day 21 (504 h) after dosing. At each time point, approximately 0.1 mL blood was collected. Extreme care was taken during blood collection. Blood samples were collected into tubes with additive EDTA and placed on ice until they were processed. All samples were processed within 2 hours of collection.Plasma was harvested by centrifugation at 3, 500 rpm at 4 ℃ for 15 minutes, frozen and stored at approximately -70 ℃ or lower.Briefly, ELISA plate was coated with 1 μg / mL goat anti-human IgG Fc (Southern Biotech, L1518-TB09) or 0.25 μg / mL anti-MMAE (SG190813AB) . The Fc-Fc and MMAE-Fc methods were described as follows: After washing and blocking, serial diluted serum samples were added and then biotin labeled goat anti-human IgG Fc (Southern Biotech, SB-2049-08) was used as detection antibody. HRP-Streptavidin (Life-SNN1004) and TMB substrate (Solarbio, PR1200) were used for color development. The absorbance of the wells was measured at 450-540 nm with a multiwall plate reader (M5e) . Standard curve was generated according to the standard samples, and serum samples were analyzed with SoftMax.The data was evaluated for drug-related effects by making comparisons of individual value, and between intervals where appropriate. The significance of any findings was determined by the responsible investigator based on prior experience of the scientists involved. The plasma concentration was subjected to a non-compartmental pharmacokinetic analysis by using the Phoenix WinNonlin software (version 8.1, Pharsight, Mountain View, CA, USA) . The linear / log trapezoidal rule was applied in obtaining the PK parameters, data was expressed with Mean±SD.4.2 HepG2 CDX modelFemale CB17 SCID mice form Vital River were used for the in vivo study.The HepG2 cells were maintained in vitro as a monolayer culture in EMEM supplemented with 10 %FBS, 100 U / mL penicillin, 100 μg / mL streptomycin at 37 ℃ in an atmosphere of 5 %CO2 in air. The tumor cells were routinely sub-cultured once to twice weekly by trypsin-EDTA treatment. The cells growing in an exponential growth phase were harvested and counted for inoculation.Tumor cells were implanted subcutaneously (s. c. ) into the right flanks of 100 CB17 SCID mice, each mouse received 5 x 106 cells per inoculation in 200 μL volume (EMEM : Matrigel = 1: 1) . When tumors reached about 200 mm3 in volume, 48 tumor bearing mice were randomly divided into 6 groups with 8 mice in each group for efficacy study 1 and survival study. When the left tumors reached about 500 mm3 in volume, 32 tumor bearing mice were randomly divided into 4 groups with 8 mice in each group for efficacy study 2.Table 5. Dosing Regimen for efficacy study 1Table 6. Dosing Regimen for efficacy study 2All the procedures related to animal handling, care and the treatment in the study were performed according to the guidelines approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of LARC of WuXi Biologics following the guidance of the Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care (AAALAC) . At the time of routine monitoring, the animals were daily checked for any effects of tumor growth and treatments on normal behavior such as mobility, food and water consumption (observation only) , body weight gain / loss (body weights were measured twice weekly) , eye / hair matting and any other abnormal effect as stated in the protocol. Death and observed clinical signs were recorded on the basis of the numbers of animals within each subset.Humanism End Point for Animal Welfare: Individual tumor volume > 2500 mm3. A mouse has lost more than 20 %of body weight, or is very sick and cannot get to adequate food or water.Tumor sizes were measured twice weekly in two dimensions using a caliper, and the volume was expressed in mm3.Mice body weights were measured twice weekly and the result was expressed in g.Mouse survivals were recorded on the basis of the numbers of animals within each subset. Besides actually dead mice, any mouse bearing a tumor volume >2500 mm3 or suffered from a body weight loss >20 %also was regarded as a dead mouse.The animals were daily checked for any effects of tumor growth and treatments on normal behavior such as mobility, food and water consumption (observation only) , eye / hair matting and any other abnormal effect as stated in the protocol. Death and observed clinical signs were recorded on the basis of the numbers of animals within each subset.Tumor Volume (TV) is calculated according to formula II:TV=1 / 2×a×b2 (formula II)Wherein: a: the long diameter of the tumor, and b: the short diameter of the tumor.Tumor growth inhibition (TGI) is calculated according to formula III:TGITV (%) = [1 - (Ti-T0) / (Vi-V0) ] × 100% (formula III)Wherein: Ti: the mean tumor volume of treatment group on day i after administration, T0: the mean tumor volume of treatment group on day 0; Vi: the mean tumor volume of negative control group on day i after administration, V0: the mean tumor volume of negative control group on day 0.Data collection: hand notes of the measurements and observations or digital data were collected as raw data, analyzed and attached to the report. Results were represented by mean and the standard error (Mean ± SEM) .Statistical analysis: Data were analyzed and P< 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Both statistical analysis and biological observations were taken into consideration.Results1. Antigen and BMKs and Antibodies1.1 Sequence of the BMKs, antigens, lead 1 and lead 2 antibodiesThe sequence of the BMKs and antigens, as well as lead 1 and lead 2 antibodies are shown in Tables 7-1, 7-2, 7-3 and 7-4.Table 7-1. The sequence of the BMKs and antigensTable 7-2. CDRs and FRs of lead 1 antibody and lead 2 antibodyTable 7-3. Variable regions in heavy chain and light chain of lead 1 and lead 2 antibodiesTable 7-4. Heavy chain and light chain of lead 1 antibody1.2 The SDS-PAGE and HPLC result of antigensHuman Glypican 3 (S495A, S509A) with avi-His Tag was expressed from human 293 cells (Expi293) . The produced antigens were analyzed and detected by SDS-PAGE and HPLC. It contained a furin-like convertase cleavage site, 355-RQYR-358, and would be partially processed into N-terminal fragment and C-terminal fragment with calculated MW of 38.1 kDa and 23.5 kDa respectively. The protein migrated as 30-40 kDa, 40-50 kDa and 65-75 kDa under reducing (R) condition (SDS-PAGE) due to glycosylation (Fig. 1A and Table 9) , suggesting the antigens were normal. The purities of the proteins were above 95 %, the retention time at 8.16 minutes indicated that the protein was a monomer (Fig. 2A) .The C-terminal truncated antigen WT103-hPro1. V2. ECD. AVI. His also contained a furin-like convertase cleavage site, 355-RQYR-358, and would be partially processed into N-terminal fragment and C-terminal fragment with calculated MW of 38.1 kDa and 21.3 kDa respectively. The protein migrated as 30-40 kDa, 40-50 kDa and 65-75 kDa under reducing (R) condition (SDS-PAGE) due to glycosylation (Fig. 1B and Table 8) , suggesting the antigens were normal. The purities of the proteins as determined by SEC-HPLC, indicated that the protein was a monomer (Fig. 2B) .Table 8. The SDS-PAGE data of the proteins1.3 The SDS-PAGE and HPLC result of lead 2The produced lead 2 were analyzed and detected by SDS-PAGE and HPLC. Expected 145 kDa, 50 kDa, 25 kDa bands were visible from the gel (Fig. 3A and Table 9) , suggesting the lead 2 antibody was normal. The purities of the lead 2 antibody was above 90 %, the retention time at 7.9 minutes indicated that the protein was a monomer (Fig. 3B) .Table 9. The SDS-PAGE results of the lead 22. Cell Pool / Line Generation2.1 Cell line generation of stable poolEngineered cell poll expressing human GPC3 were positive and more stable. Wild type human GPC3 receptor was isogenically integrated into FlpinCHO host cells by recombination and selection of receptor expressing cells was accomplished by treatment with 600 μg / mL hygromycin-B, allowing the comparison of cell surface expression by antibody detection. Based on the FACS results, we observed stable cell surface receptor expression (Fig. 4 and Table 10) .Table 10. The positive and stable engineered cell pool expressing human GPC3Engineered cell poll expressing cyno GPC3 were positive and more stable. Wild type cyno GPC3 receptor was isogenically integrated into FlpInCHO host cells by recombination and selection of receptor expressing cells was accomplished by treatment with 900 μg / mL hygromycin-B, allowing the comparison of cell surface expression by antibody lead 2 detection. Based on the FACS results, we observed the positive ratio of WBPT103-FlpinCHO. cPro1 was 99.2 % (Fig. 5 and Table 11) .Table 11. The positive and stable engineered cell pool expressing cyno GPC3Engineered cell poll expressing mouse or Rat GPC3 were positive and more stable. Wild type mouse or Rat GPC3 receptor was isogenically integrated into FlpinCHO host cells by recombination and selection of receptor expressing cells was accomplished by treatment with 900 μg / mL hygromycin-B, allowing the comparison of cell surface expression by antibody WT103-cAb3 or WT103-cAb4 detection. Based on the FACS results, we observed the positive ratio of WBPT103-FlpinCHO. rPro1 and WBPT103-FlpinCHO. mPro1 were above 90% (Fig. 6 and Table 12) .Table 12. The positive and stable engineered cell pool expressing mouse and rat GPC33. Antibody productionFor lead 1 antibody, expected 145 kDa, 50 kDa, 25 kDa, bands were visible from the gel (Fig. 7A and Table 13) , suggesting the antibody was normal. The purity of the protein was above 95 %, the retention time at 8.0 minutes indicated that the protein was a monomer (Fig. 7B) .Table 13. The SDS-PAGE results of the PTM removal mAb4. ADC conjugation data for the related mAbsAfter conjugation, the mAb-MMAE was tested by different assay for quality control.Protein concentrations were determined by UV spectral analysis. Size exclusion high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) established that all conjugates used were >90 %monomeric, and RP-HPLC established that there was < 1 %unconjugated linker-payload.4.1 ADC conjugation data of lead 1-MMAEFor lead 1-MMAE, the purity was above 95 %by SEC-HPLC, and the most prevalent product D4, with a drug to antibody ratio of 4, contributed to 54.02 wt%of the final products by HIC-HPLC, indicating that lead 1-MMAE was of good homogeneity.Table 14. The SEC-HPLC data summary of lead 1-MMAETable 15. The HIC-HPLC peak area data of lead 1-MMAETable 16. The HIC-HPLC-DAR calculation of lead 1-MMAE4.2 ADC conjugation data of Lead 2-MMAEThe purity of lead 2-MMAE was 98.57 %by SEC-HPLC, and the most prevalent product D4, with a drug to antibody ratio of 4, contributed to 71.98 wt%of the final products by HIC-HPLC, indicating that lead 2-MMAE was of good homogeneity.Table 17. Conjugations Data summary of lead 2-MMAETable 18. The HIC-HPLC peak area data of lead 2-MMAETable 19. The HIC-HPLC-DAR calculation data of lead 2-MMAE4.3 ADC conjugation data of BMK2-c10A1For BMK2-c10A1, the purity was 99.37 %by SEC-HPLC, and the drug to antibody ratio was 4.09.Table 20. The conjugation data summary of BMK2-c10A1Formulation Buffer: 20 mM Histidine, 240 mM Sucrose, pH 5.5.4.4 ADC conjugation data of isotype-MMAEThe purity of isotype-MMAE was 99.27 %by SEC-HPLC, and the drug to antibody ratio was 4.10 by HIC-HPLC.Table 21. The conjugation data summary of isotype-MMAE*Formulation buffer: 20 mM Histidine / Histidine-HCl, 8%Sucrose, pH 6.0.5. In vitro Characterization5.1 FACS binding of antibody to engineered cell surface human GPC3 proteins and the parental cell lineThe binding results of the related mAbs on engineered cell surface human GPC3 proteins and the parental cell line are shown in Figs. 17A and 17B. The EC50 and Max MFI are shown in Table 22. Lead 1 and lead 2 showed specifically binding to engineered cells expressing human GPC3 with EC50 of 0.03 nM and 0.83 nM, but showed no binding to parental cell line.Table 22. The FACS binding EC50 and Max MFI of anti-GPC3 mAbs to human GPC3 engineered cell and the parental cell line5.2 FACS binding of antibody to GPC3+ HCC cell lineThe binding results of the related mAbs and ADC conjugation mAbs on human GPC3+tumor cell lines are shown in Fig. 18. The EC50 and Max MFI are shown in Table 23. Lead 1 and lead 2 showed specifically binding to GPC3 high expression tumor cell line. The ADCs, Lead 1-MMAE and Lead 2-MMAE, showed comparable binding activity to the parental mAbs.Table 23. The FACS binding EC50 and Max MFI of anti-GPC3 mAb to human tumor cell lines5.3 ELISA binding of antibody to human GPC3 and GPC3 C-terminal truncated proteinsIn contrast to lead 2 which binds to the C terminal of ECD (aa524-563) , lead 1 binds to a non-C terminal epitope.Table 24. The ELISA binding Max OD of anti-GPC3 mAbs to human GPC3 and GPC3 C-terminal truncated proteins5.4 Competition FACSLead 1 showed no competition with lead 2, as shown in Fig. 20 and Table 25.Table 25. The EC50 and min MFI of competition FACS5.5 Cytotoxicity data5.5.1 Cytotoxicity assay dataThe cytotoxicity results of the tested GPC3 ADCs to GPC3-high HepG2, GPC3-low HEK293, and GPC3-negative SK-HEP-1 cell were shown in Figs. 21, 22A-22B and 23A-23C and Tables 26-28.As shown in Fig. 21 and Table 26, the cytotoxicity effect of the tested GPC3 ADCs on HepG2 (3000 cell / well) was examined. Under the condition, the GPC3 ADCs could induce potent and efficient killing of target cells.Table 26. The IC50 and max cytotoxicity (%) of the tested GPC3 ADCs to GPC3-high HepG2 cellsAs shown in Figs. 22A-22B and Table 27, the cytotoxicity effect of the tested GPC3 ADCs on HEK293 (3000 cell / well) and SK-HEP-1 (3000 cell / well) was examined. As expected, the tested GPC3 ADCs could not induce specific killing of GPC3-low HEK293 and GPC3-negative SK-HEP-1 cells.Table 27. The IC50 and max cytotoxicity (%) of the tested GPC3 ADCs to GPC3-low HEK293 and GPC3-negative SK-HEP-1 cells5.5.1 Cytotoxicity assay (comparing with BMK2)After conjugation, the GPC3 ADCs were tested in 3 cell lines to confirm the Cytotoxicity.As shown in Figs. 23A-23C and Table 28, the Lead 2-MMAE could induce potent and efficient killing of GPC3-high HepG2 cells, but could not induce specific killing of GPC3-low HEK-293 cells and GPC3-negative SK-HEP-1 cells. While for BMK2-c10A1, it showed non-specific killing in the GPC3 low (representative normal tissue expression) and negative tumor cells.Table 28. The IC50 and max cytotoxicity (%) of the testedGPC3 ADCs to HepG2, HEK-293 and SK-HEP-1 cells5.6 Affinity of anti-GPC3 mAbs to GPC3 (SPR)The affinity data of anti-GPC3 mAbs to GPC3 after IgG conversion were tested for SPR analysis.Table 29. Affinity data for SPR5.7 DSF dataThermal stability of lead 1 was detected by DSF: Tm1 reached 67.2 ℃ and Tm2 reached 70.1 ℃, and thermal stability of lead 2 was detected by DSF: Tm1 reached 66.7 ℃ and Tm2 reached 75.4 ℃, indicating both lead 1 and lead 2 had good thermal stability.Table 30. Thermal stability data by DSF5.8 PK dataThe pharmacokinetics of test articles (i.e., lead 1-MMAE (2 mg / kg) and lead 2-MMAE (2 mg / kg) ) was evaluated in the rats. As shown in Figs. 26A and 26B as well as Table 31, with Fc-Fc method, lead 1-MMAE and lead 2-MMAE showed normal half-lives in rats at 281 and 208 hours, respectively. But with MMAE-Fc method, shorter half-lives of lead 1-MMAE and lead 2-MMAE were observed, at 103 and 107 hours, respectively.Table 31. PK parameters determined by noncompartmental analysis (WinNonlin)*t 1 / 2 was not accurate when the Rsq_adjusted is less than 0.9.5.9 HepG2 CDX study dataIn in vivo efficacy study, test articles were evaluated in HepG2 CDX model in CB17 SCID mice.The results of tumor volume for efficacy study 1 were shown in Table 32 and Fig. 27. The mean tumor volume of PBS group was 1564.62 ± 131.68 mm3 at day 38 post treatment. Treatment with isotype control-MMAE at 5 mg / kg showed no significant anti-tumor effect as compared with the treatment with PBS, with an average tumor volume of 1293.23 ± 205.54 mm3 (TGI=19.82 %) . Treatment with lead 2-MMAE at 5 and 2.5 mg / kg showed significant anti-tumor effect as compared with the treatment with PBS, with an average tumor volume of 190.07 ± 55.15 and 434.13 ± 64.34 mm3 (TGI=108.48 and 85.64 %) , respectively. Treatment with lead 1-MMAE at 5 and 2.5 mg / kg showed significant anti-tumor effect as compared with the treatment with PBS, with an average tumor volume of 592.20 ± 42.52 and 800.53 ± 100.25 mm3 (TGI=85.97 and 54.53 %) , respectively.The results of tumor volume for efficacy study 2 were shown in Table 33 and Fig. 28. Obvious tumor growth inhibition was observed in all ADCs (i.e., lead 1-MMAE and lead 2-MMAE) treated groups, but with no TGI and significance, due to loss of PBS-and isotype control-MMAE treated groups.The results of survival study were shown in Table 34 and Fig. 29, and showed that the median survival for PBS-treated group was 52.5 days. Treatment with isotype control-MMAE at 5 mg / kg showed no significant survival benefit as compared with the treatment with PBS, with a median survival of 40.5 days. Treatment with lead 2-MMAE at 5 and 2.5 mg / kg showed significant survival benefit as compared with the treatment with PBS, with a median survival of undefined and 77 days. Treatment with lead 1-MMAE at 5 mg / kg showed significant survival benefit as compared with the treatment with PBS, with a median survival of 70 days. But Treatment with lead 1-MMAE at 2.5 mg / kg showed no significant survival benefit as compared with the treatment with PBS, with a median survival of 52.5 days.Mean tumor volumes of the tumor-bearing mice were shown in Table 32 and TGI values were calculated based on tumor volume at day 38 post treatment.Table 32. Tumor growth inhibition at day 38 for efficacy study 1Note:a: Mean ± SEM;b: Significance was calculated based on tumor size by T test, as compared with PBS-treated group on day 38, *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001, ****p<0.0001;ns: not significant.Table 33. Tumor growth inhibition at day 30 for efficacy study 2Note:a: Mean ± SEM;b: Significance was calculated based on tumor size by T test, as compared with PBS-treated group on day 30, *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001, ****p<0.0001;NA: not available.The results of the tumor growth curve were shown in Figs. 28-29.Median survival and survival curve of the tumor-bearing mice were shown in Table 34 and Fig. 29 till day 84 post treatment.Table 34. Data for survival studyNote:a: Significance was calculated based on median survival, as compared with PBS-treated group, *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001, ****p<0.0001;ns: not significant.Those skilled in the art will further appreciate that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or central attributes thereof. In that the foregoing description of the present invention discloses only exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that other variations are contemplated as being within the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments that have been described in detail herein. Rather, reference should be made to the appended claims as indicative of the scope and content of the invention.REFERENCE[1] Guo M, Zhang H, Zheng J, et al. Glypican-3: a new target for diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma [J] . Journal of Cancer, 2020, 11 (8) : 2008.[2] Filmus J, Selleck S. Glypicans: Proteoglycans with a Surprise. J Clin Invest (2001) 108: 497–501.[3] De Cat B, David G. Developmental Roles of the Glypicans. Semin Cell Dev Biol (2001) 12: 117–25.[4] Li N, Gao W, Zhang YF, Ho M. Glypicans as Cancer Therapeutic Targets. Trends in cancer. 2018; 4: 741-54.[5] Ho M, Kim H. Glypican-3: a new target for cancer immunotherapy. European journal of cancer. 2011; 47: 333-8.[6] Liver Cancer. Statistics. Approved by the Cancer. Net Editorial Board. (2020) .[7] Zheng X, Liu X, Lei Y, et al. Glypican-3: A novel and promising target for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma [J] . Frontiers in Oncology, 2022, 12.[8] Zhou F, Shang W, Yu X, et al. Glypican-3: a promising biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis and treatment [J] . Medicinal research reviews, 2018, 38 (2) : 741-767.
Claims
1.A composition of GPC3 antibody-drug conjugates (GPC3 ADCs) , wherein the GPC3 ADCs are represented by formula 1: Ab- (Linker-Payload) n (formula 1)wherein:Ab represents a GPC3 antibody molecule;Linker represents a linker containing at least two reactive groups, one of which is capable of covalently bonding a drug molecule and the other of which is capable of covalently coupling to an antibody;Payload represents a drug molecule; andn is 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8;wherein the Linker and the Payload form a payload bearing reactive group, and wherein the payload bearing reactive group is maleimide bearing a drug, an organic bromide bearing a drug, or an organic iodide bearing a drug; andwherein the Payload is a cytotoxic reagent, e.g., a chemo-therapeutic agent or an immunotherapeutic agent, an antiviral agent or an antimicrobial agent;wherein the GPC3 antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region (VH) and a light chain variable region (VL) , wherein:(a) the heavy chain variable region (VH) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 17,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 18, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 19; and(b) the light chain variable region (VL) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 20,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 21, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 22; or(a’) the heavy chain variable region (VH) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3; and(b’) the light chain variable region (VL) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6; or(a”) the heavy chain variable region (VH) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 7, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3; and(b”) the light chain variable region (VL) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 8,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6.2.The composition according to claim 1, wherein the GPC3 antibody comprises:(a) a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 23, and(b) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 24; or(a’) a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%or 99%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 9, and(b’) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 10; or(a”) a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 11, and(b”) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 12.3.The composition according to claim 1, wherein the GPC3 antibody comprises:(a) a heavy chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 25, and(b) a light chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 26; or(a’) a heavy chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 13, and(b’) a light chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 14; or(a”) a heavy chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 15, and(b”) a light chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 16.4.The composition according to claim 1, wherein the payload is monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) , monomethyl auristatin D (MMAD) , monomethyl auristatin F (MMAF) , Dxd, Exatecan, DM1, or PE38.5.The composition according to claim 1, wherein the payload bearing reactive group is MC-VC-PAB-MMAE.6.The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the composition is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:(a) incubating a reductant and a GPC3 antibody in the presence of an effective amount of transition metal ions in a buffer system to reduce inter-chain disulfide bonds within the antibody;(b) introducing an excess amount of payload bearing reactive groups to react with reduced thiol groups resulted from step (a) ; and(c) adding an effective amount of oxidant to re-oxidize the unreacted thiol groups, and then recovering the resultant GPC3 ADCs.7.The composition according to claim 6, wherein the transition metal ions in step (a) are selected from a group comprising Zn2+, Cd2+, Hg2+, or the combination thereof, preferably Zn2+.8.The composition according to claim 6, wherein the buffer system used in step (a) is selected from a group comprising Hepes, Histidine buffer, PBS, or MES, and the pH value is 5.5 to 8.9.The composition according to claim 6, wherein the reductant in step (a) is TECP.10.The composition according to claim 6, wherein the oxidant in step (c) is DHAA.11.The composition according to claim 6, wherein the content of D4 is more than 50 wt%, preferably more than 60 wt%, most preferably more than 70 wt%, on the basis of total weight of D0, D2, D4, D6 and D8 in the resultant GPC3 ADCs,wherein:D0 refers to one single antibody molecule with no drug molecule conjugated,D2 refers to an ADC molecule in which two drug molecules are conjugated to one single antibody molecule,D4 refers to an ADC molecule in which four drug molecules are conjugated to one single antibody molecule,D6 refers to an ADC molecule in which six drug molecules are conjugated to one single antibody molecule, andD8 refers to an ADC molecule in which eight drug molecules are conjugated to one single antibody molecule.12.The composition according to claim 6, wherein the resultant GPC3 ADCs are further purified after step (c) to produce a product comprising a high purity of D4.13.A pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or vehicle.14.A method for treating GPC3-expressing diseases in a subject, comprising administrating to the subject the composition of GPC3 antibody-drug conjugates (GPC3 ADCs) according to any one of claims 1 to 12 or the pharmaceutical composition according to claim 13.15.The method according to claim 14, wherein the GPC3-expressing diseases are liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, mammary cancer, prostate cancer, leukemia or lymphoma, preferably liver cancer, more preferably hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) .16.The method according to claim 14, wherein the subject is a human.17.The method according to claim 14, wherein another therapeutic agent is administrated to the subject simultaneously or sequentially with the composition of GPC3 antibody-drug conjugates (GPC3 ADCs) according to any one of claims 1 to 12 or the pharmaceutical composition according to claim 13.18.The method according to claim 14, wherein another therapeutic agent is an agent for chemotherapy, radiotherapy or immunotherapy.19.An isolated GPC3 antibody or the antigen-binding portion thereof, comprising a heavy chain variable region (VH) and a light chain variable region (VL) , wherein:(a) the heavy chain variable region (VH) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3; and(b) the light chain variable region (VL) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6; or(a’) the heavy chain variable region (VH) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 7, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3; and(b’) the light chain variable region (VL) comprises:(i) CDR1 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 8,(ii) CDR2 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5, and(iii) CDR3 comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6.20.The isolated GPC3 antibody or the antigen-binding portion thereof according to claim 19, wherein:(a) the heavy chain variable region (VH) comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%or 99%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 9, and(b) a light chain variable region (VL) comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 10; or(a’) a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 11, and(b’) a light chain variable region (VL) comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 12.21.The isolated GPC3 antibody or the antigen-binding portion thereof according to claim 19, wherein the isolated GPC3 antibody or the antigen-binding portion thereof comprises:(a) a heavy chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 13, and(b) a light chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 14; or(a’) a heavy chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 15, and(b’) a light chain comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%or even 100%sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 16.22.The isolated GPC3 antibody or the antigen-binding portion thereof according to claim 19, wherein the isolated GPC3 antibody is a monoclonal antibody, preferably a chimeric antibody, or more preferably a humanized antibody.23.The isolated GPC3 antibody or the antigen-binding portion thereof according to claim 19, wherein the GPC3 antibody is fused to a constant region of an IgG, optionally a human IgG, preferably a human IgG1 or human IgG4.24.An isolated nucleic acid molecule, comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding the heavy chain variable region and / or the light chain variable region of the isolated GPC3 antibody or the antigen-binding portion thereof according to any one of claims 19 to 23.25.A vector comprising the isolated nucleic acid molecule according to claim 24.26.A host cell comprising the isolated nucleic acid molecule according to claim 24 or the vector according to claim 25.27.A method for preparing the isolated GPC3 antibody or the antigen-binding portion thereof according to any one of claims 19 to 23, comprising:- expressing the GPC3 antibody or antigen-binding portion thereof in a host cell comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding the heavy chain variable region and the light chain variable region of the GPC3 antibody; and- isolating the GPC3 antibody or antigen-binding portion thereof from the host cell.28.A pharmaceutical composition comprising the isolated GPC3 antibody or the antigen-binding portion thereof according to any one of claims 19 to 23 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.29.A method for diagnosing GPC3-expressing diseases in a subject, comprising: contacting a sample from the subject with the isolated GPC3 antibody or antigen-binding portion thereof according to any one of claims 19 to 23, and detecting the presence and / or amount of GPC3 in the sample.30.A method for preventing or treating GPC3-expressing diseases in a subject, comprising: administrating a therapeutically effective amount of the isolated GPC3 antibody or antigen-binding portion thereof according to any one of claims 19 to 23, or the pharmaceutical composition according to claim 28.31.The method according to claim 29 or 30, wherein the GPC3-expressing diseases are liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, mammary cancer, prostate cancer, leukemia or lymphoma, preferably liver cancer, more preferably hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) .32.The method according to claim 29 or 30, wherein the subject is a human.33.A kit comprising a container and an instruction, wherein the container comprises: the composition of GPC3 antibody-drug conjugates (GPC3 ADCs) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, or the pharmaceutical composition according to claim 13, or the isolated GPC3 antibody or antigen-binding portion thereof according to any one of claims 19 to 23, or the pharmaceutical composition according to claim 28.
Citation Information
Patent Citations
Anti-glypican 3 antibody
CN102702353A
Ligand-drug conjugate, preparation method and medical application thereof
CN115429894A
Glypican-3-specific antibody and uses thereof
US20140322216A1
Specific conjugation of an antibody
WO2022078524A2
Anti-GPC3 antibody drug conjugate and use thereof
WO2023174401A1