A prefabricated building element

Abstract

A prefabricated building element (1), comprising an inner part (2) which comprises two face-bonded layers (2a, 2b) of solid timber laminations, wherein the two layers are arranged such that the timber orientations, of the two layers, are arranged orthogonally to each other; at least two joists (3), wherein the joists are arranged in parallel at a predetermined distance between each other, the joists are fixed attached, with a first side (3a), to the inner part at least one intermediate part (4) which is formed between two adjacent joists, the intermediate part comprises insulating material (7); and an outer part (5, 6) for forming an outer surface of the building element, which outer part is fixed arranged to the joists (3).

Description

[0001] A PREFABRICATED BUILDING ELEMENT

[0002] TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present invention relates to a prefabricated building element in accordance with claim 1 .

[0004] BACKGROUND - PROBLEM

[0005] In the field of building construction, the prior art acknowledges the existence of building components incorporating cross-laminated timber ( CLT ) for wall , ceiling / f loor and roof applications . Nevertheless , these existing building elements are associated with certain drawbacks , including, but not limited to :

[0006] Excessive Timber Consumption : These conventional elements tend to consume an excessive amount of timber resources .

[0007] Material Wastage : They generate wastage due to door and window cut-offs , as well as nesting waste , thereby diminishing the overall material yield for the element .

[0008] High Production Costs : The production costs for these known elements are relatively high .

[0009] Compromised Structural Performance : The structural performance of such elements may not meet optimal standards .

[0010] This patent application seeks to address these limitations and introduce innovative solutions to enhance the efficiency, sustainability, and cost-effectiveness of building elements . OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

[0011] The current invention is directed towards offering a prefabricated building element capable of mitigating the aforementioned limitations to a certain extent.

[0012] Furthermore, an additional aim is to decrease the timber volume required per square meter for constructing walls, ceilings / f loors and roofs.

[0013] Moreover, a further objective is to improve the structural performance along the weak axis of the building component.

[0014] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0015] In accordance with the invention the inventive prefabricated building element the comprises :

[0016] - an inner part which comprises two face-bonded layers of solid timber laminations, wherein the two layers are arranged such that the timber orientations, of the two layers, are arranged orthogonally to each other;

[0017] - at least two joists, wherein the joists are arranged in parallel at a predetermined distance between each other, the joists are fixed attached, with a first side (3a) , to the inner part;

[0018] - at least one intermediate part which is formed between two adjacent joists, the intermediate part comprises insulating material; and

[0019] - an outer part for forming an outer surface of the building element, which outer part is fixed arranged to the joists. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0020] In the following, the invention will be described further with reference to the drawing in figure 1. Note that the drawing is schematical and not to scale.

[0021] Figure 1 shows two preferred embodiments of the inventive timber building element.

[0022] Figure 1 discloses the claimed prefabricated building element 1. The element comprises an inner part 2. The inner part 2 comprises two face-bonded layers 2a, 2b of solid timber laminations. The two layers 2a, 2b are arranged such that the timber orientations, of the two layers, are arranged orthogonally to each other. Each layer 2a, 2b may typically have the following dimensions: thickness 14 to 45 mm, width up to 4 meters (for ceiling elements) and length up to 18 meters. The skilled person realizes that other dimensions are possible within the scope of the invention.

[0023] The element 1 further comprises at least two longitudinal joists 3. The embodiment in figure 1 comprises five joists 3. The joists are arranged in parallel at a predetermined distance between each other. Each joist having a first elongated side 3a and a second elongated side 3b which second side faces away from the first side. Each joist 3 is fixed attached, with its first side 3a, to the inner part 2 at the second layer 2b of the inner part 2. Each joist 3 is fixed attached to the inner part 2 via any of nails, screws and glue or a combination thereof. Preferably, glue is used. In one embodiment, the glue used is biobased and / or formaldehyde free. In addition, the joists 3 may be fixed to the inner part 2 via finger joints. The joists 3 are preferably made of solid wood, cross laminated timber (CLT) , glue laminated timber (GLUELAM) , finger jointed timber, LVL / LSL-stripes or similar wood-based materials. The use of finger joints allows the use of pressing to obtain a bond between the inner part (2) and the joists as well as between the outer part (5) and the joists. The pressing does not need to continue until the glue has hardened fully, due to self-locking of finger joints, which means that production can be carried out more efficiently. In addition, the finger joints provide an advantage since, compared to using only glue for the attachment, the shear stress is more evenly distributed across the connection between the inner part and the joist and the outer part and the joist respectively.

[0024] The building element further comprises at least one intermediate part 4 which is a hollow chamber space formed between two adjacent joists 3. The embodiment in figure 1 discloses four intermediate parts 4. The intermediate part 4 comprises insulating material 7 for insulating purposes . The insulating material is insulation material is made of any of wood fiber, cellulose, rockwool, glass-mineral-wool and any common insulation material, or a combination thereof.

[0025] In addition, the building element 1 may comprising electrical wiring, piping, fiber, or similar preinstalled equipment 8. The intermediate part 4 may also comprise a heavy filler 9, such as sand or gravel to improve sound insulation e.g., for a wall. The building element may also, particularly in the intermediate part 4, comprise vibration dampening means, wherein the vibration damper is adjusted to critical walking frequencies, to reduce vibrations, particularly when the building element 1 is used as a floor element.

[0026] Furthermore, the building element 1 comprises an outer part 5, 6 for forming an outer surface of the building element. The outer part 5, 6 is fixed attached to the second side 3b of the joists, such that the joists 3 are connected to each other via the outer element 5, 6. Figure 1 discloses two embodiments of the outer part 5, 6.

[0027] The building element 1 may also comprise a wind barrier.

[0028] In a first embodiment the outer part 6 is formed by at least two linear members 6. Figure 1 discloses four linear elements 6. Each linear member 6 is fixed attached to the joists 3 via any of nails, screws and glue or a combination thereof. In addition, the linear member 6 may be fixed to the joists 3 via finger joints. The linear member 6 is made of a suitable linear member such as solid wood, CLT stripes, LVL stripes, LSL stripes or similar wood-based material. The linear members 6 are arranged at a predetermined distance from each other, such that an air barrier 10 is formed between two adjacent linear members 6.

[0029] In a second embodiment the outer part 5 is formed by a planar member 5 forming an outer surface of the building element. The planar member 5 is fixed attached to the joists 3 via any of nails, screws and glue or a combination thereof. In addition, the planar member 5 may be fixed to the joists 3 via finger joints. The outer part / planar member 5 is made of a suitable planar material such as LVL, OSB , MDF, plywood or similar . Moreover , the planar member / outer part 5 may made of two face-bonded layers of solid timber laminations . The two layers are arranged such that the timber orientations , of the two layers , are arranged orthogonally to each other .

[0030] The inventive prefabricated timber building element is especially suited for walls , ceilings / f loors and roofs .

[0031] When a first and a second building elements are to be attached to each other, the face-bonded layers of solid timber laminations as well as the outer parts 5 , 6 may be arranged such that the face-bonded layers of solid timber laminations as well as the outer parts 5 , 6 partly overlap between the first and second building element , to improve moment rigidity .

[0032] The building element 1 may also use pre-cambering when two or more elements are to be attached to each other, to improve "Serviceability limit state" by reducing deflection of elements in service .

[0033] The inventive building element offers several distinct advantages over conventional CLT elements and prefabricated timber-frame-systems , including enhanced mechanical strength and stability, improved fire safety, superior moisture and thermal performance , and enhanced noise protection .

[0034] In the foregoing, the invention has been described on some specific embodiments . However, a skilled person realizes that other embodiments and variants are possible within the scope of the following claims .

Claims

C L I M S1. A prefabricated building element (1) , characterized in that the element comprises:- an inner part (2) which comprises two face-bonded layers (2a, 2b) of solid timber laminations, wherein the two layers are arranged such that the timber orientations, of the two layers, are arranged orthogonally to each other;- at least two joists (3) , wherein the joists are arranged in parallel at a predetermined distance between each other, the joists (3) are fixed attached, with a first side (3a) , to the inner part (2) ;- at least one intermediate part (4) which is formed between two adjacent joists (3) , the intermediate part comprises insulating material (7) ; and- an outer part (5, 6) for forming an outer surface of the building element, which outer part is fixed arranged to the joists (3) .

2. Building element according to claim 1, wherein the inner part (2) and / or the outer part (5, 6) is fixed attached to the joists via any of nails, screws and glue or a combination thereof.

3. Building element according to claim 2 wherein the inner part (2) and / or the outer part (5, 6) in addition is fixed to the joists via finger joint.

4. Building element according to any preceding claim, wherein the outer part (6) is formed by at least two linear members (6) which are arranged at a predetermineddistance from each other, such that an air barrier (10) is formed between two adjacent linear members.

5. Building element according to claim 4, wherein the linear member (6) is made of a suitable linear member such as solid wood, CLT stripes, LVL stripes, LSL stripes or similar wood-based material.

6. Building element according to any of claim 1-3, wherein the outer part (5) is formed by a planar member (5) which forms an outer surface.

7. Building element according to claim 6, wherein the planar member (5) is made of a suitable planar material such as LVL, OSB, MDF, plywood or similar.

8. Building element according to claim 6, wherein the planar member (5) comprises two face-bonded layers of solid timber laminations, wherein the two layers are arranged such that the timber orientations, of the two layers, are arranged orthogonally to each other.

9. Building element according to any preceding claim, wherein the joists are made of any of solid wood, cross laminated timber (CLT) , glue laminated timber, finger jointed timber, LVL / LSL-stripes or similar wood-based materials .

10. Building element according to any preceding claim, wherein the insulation material is made of any of wood fiber, cellulose, rockwool, glass-mineral wool and any common insulation material, or a combination thereof.

11. Building element according to any preceding claim, wherein the intermediate part (4) in addition comprises pre-installed wiring (8) , piping, fiber or similar.

12. Building element according to any preceding claim, wherein the building element is a for forming a wall, a ceiling / f loor or a roof.

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